CA2925635A1 - Synthetic acids for use in various industrial acrivities - Google Patents
Synthetic acids for use in various industrial acrivities Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2925635A1 CA2925635A1 CA2925635A CA2925635A CA2925635A1 CA 2925635 A1 CA2925635 A1 CA 2925635A1 CA 2925635 A CA2925635 A CA 2925635A CA 2925635 A CA2925635 A CA 2925635A CA 2925635 A1 CA2925635 A1 CA 2925635A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- bis
- hydroxyethyl
- polyoxyethylene
- synthetic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 title description 35
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 125
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 53
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 53
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 36
- -1 amine salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- AFINAILKDBCXMX-PBHICJAKSA-N (2s,3r)-2-amino-3-hydroxy-n-(4-octylphenyl)butanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(NC(=O)[C@@H](N)[C@@H](C)O)C=C1 AFINAILKDBCXMX-PBHICJAKSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus decaoxide Chemical compound O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KFFQABQEJATQAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N'-dibutylthiourea Chemical compound CCCCNC(=S)NCCCC KFFQABQEJATQAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- AZSFNUJOCKMOGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclotriphosphoric acid Chemical compound OP1(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)O1 AZSFNUJOCKMOGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013365 dairy product Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011012 sanitization Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims 11
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims 8
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 claims 5
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 claims 4
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 claims 4
- 150000003585 thioureas Chemical class 0.000 claims 4
- 125000000954 2-hydroxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])O[H] 0.000 claims 3
- IHZZXCSYROWQTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-hydroxyethyl(3-octadecoxypropyl)amino]ethanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOCCCN(CCO)CCO IHZZXCSYROWQTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- NDLNTMNRNCENRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-hydroxyethyl(octadecyl)amino]ethanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN(CCO)CCO NDLNTMNRNCENRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- VUNIQVINNGOJKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-hydroxyethyl-[3-(8-methylnonoxy)propyl]amino]ethanol Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCOCCCN(CCO)CCO VUNIQVINNGOJKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- CUFBDUDYFHCIOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(11-methyldodecoxy)propan-1-amine Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCOCCCN CUFBDUDYFHCIOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- VLCDUOXHFNUCKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N'-Dimethylthiourea Chemical compound CNC(=S)NC VLCDUOXHFNUCKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- ULNVBRUIKLYGDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-bis(4-methylphenyl)thiourea Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1NC(=S)NC1=CC=C(C)C=C1 ULNVBRUIKLYGDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- KREOCUNMMFZOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-di(propan-2-yl)thiourea Chemical compound CC(C)NC(S)=NC(C)C KREOCUNMMFZOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- ZWAVGZYKJNOTPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-diethylurea Chemical compound CCNC(=O)NCC ZWAVGZYKJNOTPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- LTMHEXFMSAISLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-ditert-butylthiourea Chemical compound CC(C)(C)NC(=S)NC(C)(C)C LTMHEXFMSAISLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- DHIBIUNZWFPELU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(8-methylnonoxy)propan-1-amine Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCOCCCN DHIBIUNZWFPELU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- FLVIGYVXZHLUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N'-diethylthiourea Chemical compound CCNC(=S)NCC FLVIGYVXZHLUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- FCSHMCFRCYZTRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N'-diphenylthiourea Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1 FCSHMCFRCYZTRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- KQJQICVXLJTWQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylthiourea Chemical compound CNC(N)=S KQJQICVXLJTWQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- GMEHFXXZSWDEDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-ethylthiourea Chemical compound CCNC(N)=S GMEHFXXZSWDEDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- XGEGHDBEHXKFPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylthiourea Natural products CNC(N)=O XGEGHDBEHXKFPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- CNWSQCLBDWYLAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N butylurea Chemical compound CCCCNC(N)=O CNWSQCLBDWYLAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000137 polyphosphoric acid Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229940005657 pyrophosphoric acid Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003784 tall oil Substances 0.000 claims 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 29
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 20
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 18
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 16
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- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 14
- DZHMRSPXDUUJER-UHFFFAOYSA-N [amino(hydroxy)methylidene]azanium;dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound NC(N)=O.OP(O)(O)=O DZHMRSPXDUUJER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 13
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 12
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 12
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 8
- 241000282412 Homo Species 0.000 description 7
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- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 7
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 7
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 5
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001684 chronic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 235000019820 disodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- GYQBBRRVRKFJRG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium pyrophosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])(=O)OP(O)([O-])=O GYQBBRRVRKFJRG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 230000002500 effect on skin Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+) phosphate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1 YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005955 Ferric phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008365 aqueous carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 210000004400 mucous membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 2
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- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010037844 rash Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
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- 239000003053 toxin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000765 toxin Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 108700012359 toxins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical class [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 235000019801 trisodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 206010006458 Bronchitis chronic Diseases 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000669 Chrome steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 208000007882 Gastritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000408495 Iton Species 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010073310 Occupational exposures Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001327682 Oncorhynchus mykiss irideus Species 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101710191567 Probable endopolygalacturonase C Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010037423 Pulmonary oedema Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 206010039203 Road traffic accident Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000277331 Salmonidae Species 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- VYWQTJWGWLKBQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N [amino(hydroxy)methylidene]azanium;chloride Chemical compound Cl.NC(N)=O VYWQTJWGWLKBQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 235000011180 diphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000397 disodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019800 disodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002467 phosphate group Chemical group [H]OP(=O)(O[H])O[*] 0.000 description 1
- 229940085991 phosphate ion Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003016 phosphoric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 235000021110 pickles Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 208000005333 pulmonary edema Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H zinc phosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910000165 zinc phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
- C23G1/10—Other heavy metals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/16—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using chemical substances
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/53—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone involving the removal of at least part of the materials of the treated article, e.g. etching, drying of hardened concrete
- C04B41/5315—Cleaning compositions, e.g. for removing hardened cement from ceramic tiles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/60—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only artificial stone
- C04B41/72—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only artificial stone involving the removal of part of the materials of the treated articles, e.g. etching
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D3/06—Phosphates, including polyphosphates
- C11D3/062—Special methods concerning phosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/26—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C11D3/32—Amides; Substituted amides
- C11D3/323—Amides; Substituted amides urea or derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
- C11D7/02—Inorganic compounds
- C11D7/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D7/08—Acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
- C11D7/22—Organic compounds
- C11D7/32—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C11D7/3272—Urea, guanidine or derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F11/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent
- C23F11/04—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in markedly acid liquids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
- C23G1/04—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions using inhibitors
- C23G1/06—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions using inhibitors organic inhibitors
- C23G1/061—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions using inhibitors organic inhibitors nitrogen-containing compounds
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
- C23G1/08—Iron or steel
- C23G1/083—Iron or steel solutions containing H3PO4
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D2111/00—Cleaning compositions characterised by the objects to be cleaned; Cleaning compositions characterised by non-standard cleaning or washing processes
- C11D2111/10—Objects to be cleaned
- C11D2111/14—Hard surfaces
- C11D2111/16—Metals
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Abstract
A synthetic acid composition for use in removal of cementitious deposits off metallic surfaces, said composition comprising: urea and phosphoric acid or a derivative thereof in a molar ratio of not less than 0.1:1. The composition may also be used for several other industrial applications.
Description
SYNTHETIC ACIDS FOR USE IN VARIOUS
INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITIES
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to compositions for use in industrial settings. more specifically to synthetic acid compositions as alternatives to conventional acids in various applications where chrome exposure is expected.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Multiple industries work with HO in large amounts and on a daily basis. One of the problems encountered with HC1 (hydrochloric acid) is that it releases airborne toxins that can have serious side effects on workers, as well as the environment in the surrounding area. For example, if hydrochloric acid is not properly filtered through air purification ducts and is released into the atmosphere, in its aerosol form hydrogen chloride gas is highly toxic and corrosive. So while the need for acids in industries will never diminish, the toxins released into the environment and their exposure to humans and wildlife by their application needs to be mitigated by utilizing safer chemistry.
It is advantageous to have an alternative to I ICI that does not create hydrogen chloride gas and has extremely low rates of corrosion and does not affect chrome components like those found on transport trucks.
Hydrochloric acid is corrosive to the eyes, skin, and mucous membranes, as well as all metals. Acute (short-term) inhalation exposure may cause eye. nose, and respiratory tract irritation and inflammation and pulmonary edema in humans. that is irreversible. Acute oral exposure may cause corrosion of the mucous membranes, esophagus, and stomach and dermal contact may produce severe burns, ulceration, and scarring in humans. Chronic (long-term) occupational exposure to hydrochloric acid has been reported to cause gastritis, chronic bronchitis, dermatitis, and photosensitiz.ation in workers.
Prolonged exposure to low concentrations may also cause dental discoloration and erosion.
There are many different mineral and organic acids used to perform various Functions in several industries. For example, concrete trucks use acids to clean the dried concrete off of their trucks causing large amounts of corrosion resulting in significant maintenance costs. 'Mere is a high rate of human and environmental exposure as well in these industries. Therefore it is highly desirable to have a non-fuming product that has very low corrosion rates, does not tarnish chrome and has low toxicity levels and does not burn human tissue that can replace the hydrochloric acid blends typically utilized.
HO is also used as an efflorescence cleaner for retaining walls, driveways, brick and as a mortar cleaner. It is also used to etch concrete which is typically treated with phosphoric acid.
HCI is also used as cement cleaner, more specifically in the removal of cement based material from equipment or structures as well as in the treatment of boiler scale, as well as being a scale cleaner applicable to ships, submarines, offshore vessels, and evaporators. However, there are limitations to the use of HO and the strength of solutions used. Typically, if HO is sprayed on a chrome plated surface it will damage this surface as chrome is very susceptible to oxidization in the presence of mineral acids such as hydrochloride acid, especially at higher ambient temperatures or if allowed to dry.
Some of the major challenges faced in various industries resorting to the use of acids include the following: general high levels of corrosion due to the use of acids. These corrosion problems are typically countered by the addition of corrosion inhibitors that are typically themselves toxic and harmful to humans, the environment and/or even the equipment. Reactions between acids and various types of metals can vary greatly, metals, such as aluminum, magnesium, copper and east parts, are very susceptible to severe corrosion causing immediate damage. Toxicity levels of acids applied (including multiple additives used to control corrosion, cut through oils/liquids/tar etc.). Hydrochloric acid produces hydrogen chloride gas which is toxic, potentially fatal and corrosive to skin and metals. At levels above 50 ppm (parts per million), hydrogen chloride gas can be Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health (IDHL).
At levels ranging from 1300-2000 ppm, death can occur in 2-3 minutes.
The inherent environmental dangers (organic sterility, poisoning of wildlife etc.) of the use of acids in the event of an unintended/accidental release into water aquifers or sources of water are devastating as they can cause significant pH reduction of such and can substantially increase the toxicity and could potentially cause a mass culling of aquatic species and potential poisoning of humans/livestock and wildlife exposed to/or drinking the water. An unintended surface release can also cause the release of a hydrogen chloride gas cloud, potentially endangering human and animal health. This is a common event at large storage sites when tanks split or leak or during a traffic accident involving an acid tanker or even in open pit holding areas with accumulated spent cleaning products typical in the concrete industry for example.
Typically, if near the public, large areas need to be evacuated post-event.
Because of its acidic nature, hydrogen chloride gas is also corrosive, particularly in the presence of moisture.
Toxic fumes produced by mineral acids are harmful to humans/animals and are highly corrosive and/or explosive potentially creating exposure dangers for personnel exposed to handling these harmful acids.
Another concern is the potential for spills due to high corrosion levels of acids causing storage container failures and/or deployment equipment thilures caused by high corrosion rates. Other concerns include: inconsistent strength or quality level of mineral & organic acids;
potential supply issues based on industrial output levels; and ongoing risks to individuals handling acid cleaners due to the high level of human contact and exposure found in many industrial cleaning applications.
Other issues associated with strong acids currently used in various industries are severe reaction with dermal/eye tissue; major PPE requirements (personal protective equipment) for handling, such as on-site shower units; extremely high corrosion rates, especially as temperature increases, substantial storage, clean up and shipping costs and environmental damage during accidental release or spent product holding area seepage / liner failures. Temperatures of over 40 degrees Celsius are fairly common when working outdoors during the warmer months which greatly increase the fuming and corrosive effects of hydrochloric acid based products.
When used to treat scaling issues on surface due to precipitation of minerals from most water sources, acids are exposed to humans and mechanical devices as well as expensive equipment causing increased risk for the operator and corrosion effects that damage equipment and create hazardous fumes.
When mixed with bases or higher p11 fluids, acids will create a large amount of' thermal energy (exothermic reaction) causing potential safety concerns and equipment damage.
Typical organic and mineral acids used in a pH control situation can or will cause degradation of certain additives/systems requiring further chemicals to be added to counter these potentially negative effects. When using an acid to pickle steel, very careful attention must be paid to the process due to high levels of corrosion. Acids are very destructive to many typical elastomers found in various industries such as in water treatment/transfer pumps and seals utilized in the dairy/food processing industries. Preferably, it is advantageous to have an HCI alternative that is less damaging compatible with most common elastomers.
Acids perform many critical functions in various industries and are considered indispensable to achieve a desired result. However, the associated dangers that come with using typical acids are expansive and require substantial risk mitigation through various control measures (whether they are chemically or mechanically engineered) and are typically costly and complex and/or time-consuming.
Eliminating or even simply reducing the negative effects of acids while maintaining their usefulness is a struggle for industries using them. As the public demand for the use of cleaner/safer/greener products increases, companies arc looking for alternatives that perform the required function without all or most of the drawbacks associated with the use of conventional acids.
Synthetic acid compositions are mostly applicable in the cleaning industry.
However, such compositions require the additional of a number of various chemical compounds which can be dangerous in their undiluted states. The physical process to make such cleaning compositions involves multiple steps of mixing, blending and dilution. Mineral deposits are forrned by ionic reactions resulting in the formation of an insoluble precipitate. For example, when hard water is heated, Ca 2f ions react with bicarbonate (11CO3-) ions to form insoluble calcium carbonate (CaCO3) in industrial applications. This byproduct must be regularly removed regularly, typically utilizing acids, some of which can cause equipment damage, especially to chrome plated components, Hydrochloric acid is extremely corrosive on all metals, especially on chrome.
Other mineral and many organic acids can also have a very negative impact on the corrosion of various metals including chrome. Phosphoric acid is very effective to remove rust but it is an acid which also negatively affects the integrity of chrome when placed in contact with it over time.
Pure phosphoric acid is a white solid. It melts at a little over 42 C into a viscous and colorless liquid.
The most commonly commercially available forms of phosphoric acid are aqueous solutions of 75% to 85%
concentration. These solutions are colorless, odorless, viscous / syrupy, and non-volatile. Known common industrial uses of phosphoric acid include rust removal, where iron (111) oxide is converted to ferric phosphate (FeP0.1). This ferric phosphate can then be manually removed.
Similarly, phosphate salt which consists of salts formed by the neutralization of phosphorous or phosphoric acid with a NaOH or KOH. Orthophosphates are phosphoric acid (1-14'04) salts, where 1, 2 or 3 of the hydrogen ions are neutralized. Neutralization with NaOH gives three sodium orthophosphates: (a) monosodium phosphate (MSP), (11) disodium phosphate (I)SP) or (c) trisodium phosphate (FSP). Their solutions are buffers in the 4.6 to 12 p11 range. TSP is an excellent degreaser. All will precipitate hardness ions such as calcium. Polyphosphates are polymers made from various orthophosphates by dehydration with heat. Sodium acid pyrophosphate (SAPP) is a clay defloceidant and treatment for cement contamination.
For clay deflocculation, polyphosphates arc limited by the temperature at which they hydrolyze back to orthophosphates, although several that performed up to 280 F [138 C] have been documented in the literature.
Similarly. polyphosphates (also known as pyrophosphates) are polymers made from various orthophosphates by dehydration with heat. Orthophosphates are phosphoric acid (1-13PO4) salts, where 1, 2 or 3 of the hydrogen ions arc neutralized. Sodium acid pyrophosphate (SAPP) is a clay deflocculant and treatment for cement contamination.
W() 2006/113735 A2 teaches an aqueous acidic cleaning composition suitable for the cleaning of metal parts is constituted by urea phosphate, a surfactant, a corrosion inhibitor, and water. The corrosion inhibitor can be a phosphatizing compound such as iron phosphate, zinc phosphate. manganese phosphate, and the like.
US 2006/0079424 Al teaches a composition for cleaning oxide discoloration, rust, and high temperature-related scale from stainless steel and other metals. The composition comprises a nitrogen acid salt produced by the mixture of urea and an acid and a gelling agent. The preferred nitrogen acid salt used in the composition is urea hydrochloride, which is a buffered acid cleaner.
Synthetic smectite clay is the preferred thixotropic gelling agent. Both of these ingredients are non-hazardous and do not produce any toxic or corrosive fumes. The invention also includes the method of preparing the composition.
US 2004/0048769 Al teaches a cleaning formulation comprising a cleaning agent, a particulate clay material and an aqueous carrier. The formulation has a ptl less than about 4.0 and is characterized by at least a 90% reduction in viscosity at 25 C' at a shear rate of up to about 0.10 s I. The cleaning formulation is thixotropic and has a highly desirable combination of acid stability, temperature stability, electrolyte stability and ultraviolet radiation stability.
US 2003/0004080 Al teaches a long-time stable pickling agent for the removal of an oxide layer on a stainless steel after heat treatment, such as welding, which pickling agent comprises nitric acid and fillers and constitutes of a pickling paste or pickling gel to he coated on the heat treated stainless steel, or of a pickling liquid to he sprayed on the steel. According to the invention, the pickling agent also comprises urea for reduced formation of nitrous fumes when the pickling agent is used.
US Patent no. 3,936,316 teaches a process and composition for pickling metals, especially iron based metals, prior to metal finishing. A hydrohalide acid pickling solution is used which solution is characterized by the addition of urea, The urea substantially reduces, even completely eliminates, the excessive liberation of noxious and corrosive hydrohalide acid fumes normally associated with such pickling operations. It is stated that it greatly reduces the cost of the pickling operation as the consumption of acid is dramatically reduced. Moreover, there is less injury to personnel and equipment contacted with said fumes. Finally, it is stated that a metal surface treated with the pickling solution of the invention is improved as there is less pitting and the surface is more active to a metal depositing solution.
US patent application no. 2003/0181350 Al discloses a cleaning formulation comprising a cleaning agent, a particulate clay material and an aqueous carrier. In a preferred embodiment, the formulation has a pH less than about 1.0 and is characterized by: (i) at least a 90% reduction in viscosity at 25 C. at a shear rate of up to about 0.10 s.', and (ii) a substantially unchanged viscosity for a period of at least 60 days. The cleaning formulation is thixotropic and is said to have a highly desirable combination of acid stability, temperature stability, electrolyte stability and ultraviolet radiation stability.
Consequently, there is still a need for compositions for use in various industries which can be used over a range of applications and temperatures which will decrease a number of the associated dangers/issues typically associated with acid applications to the extent that, when properly used. these acid compositions are considered much safer for handling on worksites, as well as performance advantages such as the extremely low corrosion rates on metal and in particular are chronic compatibility, shipping advantages and reduced storage costs.
The present invention provides a composition for use in various industrial applications such as for the removal of hardened cement or cement-like materials on surfaces which provides relief for at least some of the drawbacks of using acids on metal surfaces including chrome and in the most preferred embodiment other "acid incompatible" metals.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Compositions according to the present invention have been developed for various industrial settings, such as the concrete industry, by targeting the problems of steel and chrome corrosion and oxidization, logistics, storage, human/environmental exposure and equipment/fluid-product compatibilities.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a synthetic acid composition which can be used to remove cementitions deposits off of metallic surfaces, and which exhibit advantageous properties over known compositions containing FICI or other strong acids.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a synthetic acid composition which, upon proper use, results in a very low corrosion rate on various metals used in the transport industry, more preferably when used to remove cementitious compounds on various equipment such as cement trucks which have large amounts of chronic components, for example.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a synthetic acid composition for use in industry which has minimal exothermic reactivity. Acids normally utilized in industrial operations typically have a high tendency to evaporate or fume, especially at higher concentrations and ambient temperatures. Preferred embodiments of the present invention do not exhibit this tendency and have very low fuming effect, even in at high concentration and temperatures.
Hydrochloric acid will produce hazardous fumes, such as chlorine gas, which can be fatal in higher concentrations. Preferred embodiments of the present invention do not produce hazardous fumes, even in higher concentrations.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a synthetic acid composition for use in the construction industry said use being selected from the group consisting of: etching concrete, cleaning dried concrete off equipment or efflorescence and scale build-up on concrete and other industrial components where water is exposed such as heat exchangers.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a synthetic acid which has an extremely low rate of corrosion on steel and chrome at various temperatures.
Accordingly, the composition according to the present invention is intended to overcome many of the drawbacks found in the use of prior art compositions of fICI and other mineral acids in the transport industry, more specifically in the cleaning of cemcntitious deposits off of industrial equipment such as cement trucks.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a chronic-friendly synthetic acid composition fbr use in various industrial settings, said composition has a minimal exothermic reactivity upon dilution or reaction. Typically adding a strong acid to a fluid (water, base etc.) will cause an aggressive rise in fluid temperature. Certain preferred embodiments of the present invention do not exhibit this effect to the same degree such that the exothermic reaction is minimal when combined with typical industrial fluids, such saline water, fresh water or even a high pH fluid.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a chrome-friendly synthetic acid composition for use in various industrial settings, said composition has a high salinity tolerance.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a chrome-friendly synthetic acid composition for use in various industrial settings, said composition which is immediately reactive upon contact/application. Many organic acids that are considered safe have a slower reaction rate, a reduced capacity to solubilize scale, cause substantial damage to chrome, making them ineffective or uneconomical in some applications. Strong mineral acids have very high hazards associated with them: they cause substantial and immediate damage to chronic surfaces, but are immediately reactive. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are immediately active, even at lower concentrations.
This immediate activity allows for a standard operating procedure to be followed, minimizing operational changes. Many operations that utilize mineral acids. such as hydrochloric acid, will not need to alter their standard operating procedure (SOP) to utilize preferred compositions of the present invention.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a chrome-friendly synthetic acid composition for use in various industrial settings, wherein said composition having a low evaporation rate. Acids normally utilized in industrial operations typically have a high tendency to evaporate, fume or exhibit a high vapor pressure, especially at higher concentrations. Preferred embodiments of the present invention do not exhibit this tendency and have very low fuming effect and low vapor pressure.
Hydrochloric acid will produce hazardous fumes, such as chlorine gas, which can he fatal in higher concentrations >1300 ppm. Preferred embodiments of the present invention do not produce hazardous fumes, even in higher concentrations.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a synthetic acid composition comprising:
- urea & a phosphoric acid derivative in a molar ratio of not less than 0.1:1; preferably in a molar ratio not less than 0.5:1, preferably in a molar ratio not less than 0.7:1, more preferably in a molar ratio not less than 1.0:1 - optionally, a corrosion inhibitor can be added, examples of such can include Armohib 31 from Azko Nobel.
The term phosphoric acid derivatiVe is to be understood as including compounds such as phosphoric acid, polyphosphorie acid, orthophosphorie acid (113PO4), pyrophosphorie acid (H413207), tripolyphosphoric acid (11513,101,,), tetrapolyphosphorie acid (116P4013), trimetaphosphoric acid (1.131)300,and phosphoric anhydride (13401)). The preferred phosphoric acid derivative is orthophosphoric acid.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The description that follows, and the embodiments described therein, is provided by way of illustration of an example, or examples, of particular embodiments of the principles of the present invention.
These examples are provided for the purposes of explanation, and not limitation, of those principles and of the invention.
According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a synthetic acid composition for use in the removal of cementitious deposits off metallic surfaces, said composition comprising:
- urea & a phosphoric acid derivative in a molar ratio of not less than 0.1:1; preferably in a molar ratio not less than 0.5:1, more preferably in a molar ratio not less than 0.7:1 yet more preferably in a molar ratio not less than 1 .0: 1 .
Urea and a phosphoric acid derivative is the main component in terms of volume and weight percent of the composition of the present invention. When added to a phosphoric acid derivative, for example orthophosphoric acid, there is a reaction that results in a urea phosphate solution with the chemical composition of CO(N112)21-131104, which binds the phosphate ion within the molecular structure. The low pH
- of urea phosphate allows calcium, magnesium and phosphorus to co-exist in solution. This reaction greatly reduces the hazardous effects of the orthophosphoric acid on its own, such as the fuming effects, the hygroscopic effects, the exothermic effect and the highly corrosive nature.
According to a preferred embodiment, urea & orthophosphoric acid are present in a molar ratio of not less than 0.1:1; preferably in a molar ratio not less than 0.5:1, and more preferably in a molar ratio not less than1.0:1. However, this ratio can be increased or decreased depending on the application.
It is preferable to add the urea at a molar ratio greater than 1 to the moles of phosphoric acid derivative (in terms of phosphate groups). This is done in order to bind any available phosphate ions, thereby creating a safer, more stable product. Preferably, the composition according to the present invention comprises 1.00 moles of urea per 1,0 moles of orthophosphoric acid. The urea also allows for a reduced rate of reaction when in the presence of carbonate-based materials. This again due to the stronger molecular or ionic bonds associated over what orthophosphoric acid traditionally displays.
Chrome-friendly is understood to mean that the corrosion on a standard chrome surface upon exposure of the synthetic acid composition is at least 85% less than the corrosion of the same type of chrome surface by HC1 at a temperature of 20"C for a period of time of 6 hours.
According to the MSDS sheet of Armohib 31*, this inhibitor is said to be designed for use with phosphoric acid. It is said to contain a proprietary alkoxylated fatty amine salts (in an undisclosed %
content), a proprietary alkoxylated organic acid (in an undisclosed content), and N,N'-dibutyl thiourea in an amount ranging from 20-30 A) by weight. This corrosion inhibitor does however not address the exothermic and environmental toxicity drawbacks associated with the use of phosphoric acids, nor does it address the corrosion effect on chrome. It mainly addresses the corrosion on steel surfaces.
Example 1 - Process to prepare a composition according, to a preferred embodiment of the invention Start with a 50% by weight solution of urea liquor in water. Add an 85% by weight solution of orthophosphoric acid and circulate until all reactions have completely ceased.
Immediately add water to a desired concentration of 50%. Armohib CA-31 or an equivalent corrosion inhibition package is added at this point. Circulation is maintained until all products have been solubilized.
Table 1 lists the components of the composition of Example 1, including their weight percentage as compared to the total weight of the composition and the CAS numbers of each component.
Table 1 ¨ Formulation of Example 1 Chemical % Wt Composition CAM
Water 43.95% 7732-18-5 Urea Phosphate _________________________ 56% 4861-19-2 Armohib 0.05% a/a Example 2 Table 2 lists the components of the composition of Example 2 including their weight percentage as compared to the total weight of the composition and the CAS numbers of each component.
Table 2 ¨ Formulation of Example 2 Chemical % Wt Composition CAS#
______________________________________________________________ Water 44%
Urea Phosphate 56% 4861-19-2 The resulting composition of Example 1 is a clear, odourless liquid having shelf-life of greater than I
year. It has a freezing point temperature of approximately minus 15 C and a boiling point temperature of approximately 100 C. It has a specific gravity of 1.1910.02. It is completely soluble in water and its pH is The composition is expected to be classified as a non- irritant according to the classifications for OECD dermal tests. The composition is non-fuming and has no volatile organic compounds nor does it have any BTEX levels above the drinking water quality levels. BTEX refers to the chemicals benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene. Toxicity testing was calculated using surrogate information and the I.,C50 was determined to he greater than 884 mg/kg.
Aquatic Toxicity Testing The biological test method that was employed was the Reference Method for Determining acute lethality using rainbow trout (1990 Environment Canada. EPS 1/RM/9 ¨ with the May 1996 and May 2007 amendments).
The Trout 96 hour Acute Test (WTR-ME-041) was performed at 5 different concentrations of compositions (62.5, 125, 250, 500 and 1000 ppm) one replicate per treatment, ten fish per replicate.
The test results indicate that at concentrations of the composition of Example
INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITIES
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to compositions for use in industrial settings. more specifically to synthetic acid compositions as alternatives to conventional acids in various applications where chrome exposure is expected.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Multiple industries work with HO in large amounts and on a daily basis. One of the problems encountered with HC1 (hydrochloric acid) is that it releases airborne toxins that can have serious side effects on workers, as well as the environment in the surrounding area. For example, if hydrochloric acid is not properly filtered through air purification ducts and is released into the atmosphere, in its aerosol form hydrogen chloride gas is highly toxic and corrosive. So while the need for acids in industries will never diminish, the toxins released into the environment and their exposure to humans and wildlife by their application needs to be mitigated by utilizing safer chemistry.
It is advantageous to have an alternative to I ICI that does not create hydrogen chloride gas and has extremely low rates of corrosion and does not affect chrome components like those found on transport trucks.
Hydrochloric acid is corrosive to the eyes, skin, and mucous membranes, as well as all metals. Acute (short-term) inhalation exposure may cause eye. nose, and respiratory tract irritation and inflammation and pulmonary edema in humans. that is irreversible. Acute oral exposure may cause corrosion of the mucous membranes, esophagus, and stomach and dermal contact may produce severe burns, ulceration, and scarring in humans. Chronic (long-term) occupational exposure to hydrochloric acid has been reported to cause gastritis, chronic bronchitis, dermatitis, and photosensitiz.ation in workers.
Prolonged exposure to low concentrations may also cause dental discoloration and erosion.
There are many different mineral and organic acids used to perform various Functions in several industries. For example, concrete trucks use acids to clean the dried concrete off of their trucks causing large amounts of corrosion resulting in significant maintenance costs. 'Mere is a high rate of human and environmental exposure as well in these industries. Therefore it is highly desirable to have a non-fuming product that has very low corrosion rates, does not tarnish chrome and has low toxicity levels and does not burn human tissue that can replace the hydrochloric acid blends typically utilized.
HO is also used as an efflorescence cleaner for retaining walls, driveways, brick and as a mortar cleaner. It is also used to etch concrete which is typically treated with phosphoric acid.
HCI is also used as cement cleaner, more specifically in the removal of cement based material from equipment or structures as well as in the treatment of boiler scale, as well as being a scale cleaner applicable to ships, submarines, offshore vessels, and evaporators. However, there are limitations to the use of HO and the strength of solutions used. Typically, if HO is sprayed on a chrome plated surface it will damage this surface as chrome is very susceptible to oxidization in the presence of mineral acids such as hydrochloride acid, especially at higher ambient temperatures or if allowed to dry.
Some of the major challenges faced in various industries resorting to the use of acids include the following: general high levels of corrosion due to the use of acids. These corrosion problems are typically countered by the addition of corrosion inhibitors that are typically themselves toxic and harmful to humans, the environment and/or even the equipment. Reactions between acids and various types of metals can vary greatly, metals, such as aluminum, magnesium, copper and east parts, are very susceptible to severe corrosion causing immediate damage. Toxicity levels of acids applied (including multiple additives used to control corrosion, cut through oils/liquids/tar etc.). Hydrochloric acid produces hydrogen chloride gas which is toxic, potentially fatal and corrosive to skin and metals. At levels above 50 ppm (parts per million), hydrogen chloride gas can be Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health (IDHL).
At levels ranging from 1300-2000 ppm, death can occur in 2-3 minutes.
The inherent environmental dangers (organic sterility, poisoning of wildlife etc.) of the use of acids in the event of an unintended/accidental release into water aquifers or sources of water are devastating as they can cause significant pH reduction of such and can substantially increase the toxicity and could potentially cause a mass culling of aquatic species and potential poisoning of humans/livestock and wildlife exposed to/or drinking the water. An unintended surface release can also cause the release of a hydrogen chloride gas cloud, potentially endangering human and animal health. This is a common event at large storage sites when tanks split or leak or during a traffic accident involving an acid tanker or even in open pit holding areas with accumulated spent cleaning products typical in the concrete industry for example.
Typically, if near the public, large areas need to be evacuated post-event.
Because of its acidic nature, hydrogen chloride gas is also corrosive, particularly in the presence of moisture.
Toxic fumes produced by mineral acids are harmful to humans/animals and are highly corrosive and/or explosive potentially creating exposure dangers for personnel exposed to handling these harmful acids.
Another concern is the potential for spills due to high corrosion levels of acids causing storage container failures and/or deployment equipment thilures caused by high corrosion rates. Other concerns include: inconsistent strength or quality level of mineral & organic acids;
potential supply issues based on industrial output levels; and ongoing risks to individuals handling acid cleaners due to the high level of human contact and exposure found in many industrial cleaning applications.
Other issues associated with strong acids currently used in various industries are severe reaction with dermal/eye tissue; major PPE requirements (personal protective equipment) for handling, such as on-site shower units; extremely high corrosion rates, especially as temperature increases, substantial storage, clean up and shipping costs and environmental damage during accidental release or spent product holding area seepage / liner failures. Temperatures of over 40 degrees Celsius are fairly common when working outdoors during the warmer months which greatly increase the fuming and corrosive effects of hydrochloric acid based products.
When used to treat scaling issues on surface due to precipitation of minerals from most water sources, acids are exposed to humans and mechanical devices as well as expensive equipment causing increased risk for the operator and corrosion effects that damage equipment and create hazardous fumes.
When mixed with bases or higher p11 fluids, acids will create a large amount of' thermal energy (exothermic reaction) causing potential safety concerns and equipment damage.
Typical organic and mineral acids used in a pH control situation can or will cause degradation of certain additives/systems requiring further chemicals to be added to counter these potentially negative effects. When using an acid to pickle steel, very careful attention must be paid to the process due to high levels of corrosion. Acids are very destructive to many typical elastomers found in various industries such as in water treatment/transfer pumps and seals utilized in the dairy/food processing industries. Preferably, it is advantageous to have an HCI alternative that is less damaging compatible with most common elastomers.
Acids perform many critical functions in various industries and are considered indispensable to achieve a desired result. However, the associated dangers that come with using typical acids are expansive and require substantial risk mitigation through various control measures (whether they are chemically or mechanically engineered) and are typically costly and complex and/or time-consuming.
Eliminating or even simply reducing the negative effects of acids while maintaining their usefulness is a struggle for industries using them. As the public demand for the use of cleaner/safer/greener products increases, companies arc looking for alternatives that perform the required function without all or most of the drawbacks associated with the use of conventional acids.
Synthetic acid compositions are mostly applicable in the cleaning industry.
However, such compositions require the additional of a number of various chemical compounds which can be dangerous in their undiluted states. The physical process to make such cleaning compositions involves multiple steps of mixing, blending and dilution. Mineral deposits are forrned by ionic reactions resulting in the formation of an insoluble precipitate. For example, when hard water is heated, Ca 2f ions react with bicarbonate (11CO3-) ions to form insoluble calcium carbonate (CaCO3) in industrial applications. This byproduct must be regularly removed regularly, typically utilizing acids, some of which can cause equipment damage, especially to chrome plated components, Hydrochloric acid is extremely corrosive on all metals, especially on chrome.
Other mineral and many organic acids can also have a very negative impact on the corrosion of various metals including chrome. Phosphoric acid is very effective to remove rust but it is an acid which also negatively affects the integrity of chrome when placed in contact with it over time.
Pure phosphoric acid is a white solid. It melts at a little over 42 C into a viscous and colorless liquid.
The most commonly commercially available forms of phosphoric acid are aqueous solutions of 75% to 85%
concentration. These solutions are colorless, odorless, viscous / syrupy, and non-volatile. Known common industrial uses of phosphoric acid include rust removal, where iron (111) oxide is converted to ferric phosphate (FeP0.1). This ferric phosphate can then be manually removed.
Similarly, phosphate salt which consists of salts formed by the neutralization of phosphorous or phosphoric acid with a NaOH or KOH. Orthophosphates are phosphoric acid (1-14'04) salts, where 1, 2 or 3 of the hydrogen ions are neutralized. Neutralization with NaOH gives three sodium orthophosphates: (a) monosodium phosphate (MSP), (11) disodium phosphate (I)SP) or (c) trisodium phosphate (FSP). Their solutions are buffers in the 4.6 to 12 p11 range. TSP is an excellent degreaser. All will precipitate hardness ions such as calcium. Polyphosphates are polymers made from various orthophosphates by dehydration with heat. Sodium acid pyrophosphate (SAPP) is a clay defloceidant and treatment for cement contamination.
For clay deflocculation, polyphosphates arc limited by the temperature at which they hydrolyze back to orthophosphates, although several that performed up to 280 F [138 C] have been documented in the literature.
Similarly. polyphosphates (also known as pyrophosphates) are polymers made from various orthophosphates by dehydration with heat. Orthophosphates are phosphoric acid (1-13PO4) salts, where 1, 2 or 3 of the hydrogen ions arc neutralized. Sodium acid pyrophosphate (SAPP) is a clay deflocculant and treatment for cement contamination.
W() 2006/113735 A2 teaches an aqueous acidic cleaning composition suitable for the cleaning of metal parts is constituted by urea phosphate, a surfactant, a corrosion inhibitor, and water. The corrosion inhibitor can be a phosphatizing compound such as iron phosphate, zinc phosphate. manganese phosphate, and the like.
US 2006/0079424 Al teaches a composition for cleaning oxide discoloration, rust, and high temperature-related scale from stainless steel and other metals. The composition comprises a nitrogen acid salt produced by the mixture of urea and an acid and a gelling agent. The preferred nitrogen acid salt used in the composition is urea hydrochloride, which is a buffered acid cleaner.
Synthetic smectite clay is the preferred thixotropic gelling agent. Both of these ingredients are non-hazardous and do not produce any toxic or corrosive fumes. The invention also includes the method of preparing the composition.
US 2004/0048769 Al teaches a cleaning formulation comprising a cleaning agent, a particulate clay material and an aqueous carrier. The formulation has a ptl less than about 4.0 and is characterized by at least a 90% reduction in viscosity at 25 C' at a shear rate of up to about 0.10 s I. The cleaning formulation is thixotropic and has a highly desirable combination of acid stability, temperature stability, electrolyte stability and ultraviolet radiation stability.
US 2003/0004080 Al teaches a long-time stable pickling agent for the removal of an oxide layer on a stainless steel after heat treatment, such as welding, which pickling agent comprises nitric acid and fillers and constitutes of a pickling paste or pickling gel to he coated on the heat treated stainless steel, or of a pickling liquid to he sprayed on the steel. According to the invention, the pickling agent also comprises urea for reduced formation of nitrous fumes when the pickling agent is used.
US Patent no. 3,936,316 teaches a process and composition for pickling metals, especially iron based metals, prior to metal finishing. A hydrohalide acid pickling solution is used which solution is characterized by the addition of urea, The urea substantially reduces, even completely eliminates, the excessive liberation of noxious and corrosive hydrohalide acid fumes normally associated with such pickling operations. It is stated that it greatly reduces the cost of the pickling operation as the consumption of acid is dramatically reduced. Moreover, there is less injury to personnel and equipment contacted with said fumes. Finally, it is stated that a metal surface treated with the pickling solution of the invention is improved as there is less pitting and the surface is more active to a metal depositing solution.
US patent application no. 2003/0181350 Al discloses a cleaning formulation comprising a cleaning agent, a particulate clay material and an aqueous carrier. In a preferred embodiment, the formulation has a pH less than about 1.0 and is characterized by: (i) at least a 90% reduction in viscosity at 25 C. at a shear rate of up to about 0.10 s.', and (ii) a substantially unchanged viscosity for a period of at least 60 days. The cleaning formulation is thixotropic and is said to have a highly desirable combination of acid stability, temperature stability, electrolyte stability and ultraviolet radiation stability.
Consequently, there is still a need for compositions for use in various industries which can be used over a range of applications and temperatures which will decrease a number of the associated dangers/issues typically associated with acid applications to the extent that, when properly used. these acid compositions are considered much safer for handling on worksites, as well as performance advantages such as the extremely low corrosion rates on metal and in particular are chronic compatibility, shipping advantages and reduced storage costs.
The present invention provides a composition for use in various industrial applications such as for the removal of hardened cement or cement-like materials on surfaces which provides relief for at least some of the drawbacks of using acids on metal surfaces including chrome and in the most preferred embodiment other "acid incompatible" metals.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Compositions according to the present invention have been developed for various industrial settings, such as the concrete industry, by targeting the problems of steel and chrome corrosion and oxidization, logistics, storage, human/environmental exposure and equipment/fluid-product compatibilities.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a synthetic acid composition which can be used to remove cementitions deposits off of metallic surfaces, and which exhibit advantageous properties over known compositions containing FICI or other strong acids.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a synthetic acid composition which, upon proper use, results in a very low corrosion rate on various metals used in the transport industry, more preferably when used to remove cementitious compounds on various equipment such as cement trucks which have large amounts of chronic components, for example.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a synthetic acid composition for use in industry which has minimal exothermic reactivity. Acids normally utilized in industrial operations typically have a high tendency to evaporate or fume, especially at higher concentrations and ambient temperatures. Preferred embodiments of the present invention do not exhibit this tendency and have very low fuming effect, even in at high concentration and temperatures.
Hydrochloric acid will produce hazardous fumes, such as chlorine gas, which can be fatal in higher concentrations. Preferred embodiments of the present invention do not produce hazardous fumes, even in higher concentrations.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a synthetic acid composition for use in the construction industry said use being selected from the group consisting of: etching concrete, cleaning dried concrete off equipment or efflorescence and scale build-up on concrete and other industrial components where water is exposed such as heat exchangers.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a synthetic acid which has an extremely low rate of corrosion on steel and chrome at various temperatures.
Accordingly, the composition according to the present invention is intended to overcome many of the drawbacks found in the use of prior art compositions of fICI and other mineral acids in the transport industry, more specifically in the cleaning of cemcntitious deposits off of industrial equipment such as cement trucks.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a chronic-friendly synthetic acid composition fbr use in various industrial settings, said composition has a minimal exothermic reactivity upon dilution or reaction. Typically adding a strong acid to a fluid (water, base etc.) will cause an aggressive rise in fluid temperature. Certain preferred embodiments of the present invention do not exhibit this effect to the same degree such that the exothermic reaction is minimal when combined with typical industrial fluids, such saline water, fresh water or even a high pH fluid.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a chrome-friendly synthetic acid composition for use in various industrial settings, said composition has a high salinity tolerance.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a chrome-friendly synthetic acid composition for use in various industrial settings, said composition which is immediately reactive upon contact/application. Many organic acids that are considered safe have a slower reaction rate, a reduced capacity to solubilize scale, cause substantial damage to chrome, making them ineffective or uneconomical in some applications. Strong mineral acids have very high hazards associated with them: they cause substantial and immediate damage to chronic surfaces, but are immediately reactive. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are immediately active, even at lower concentrations.
This immediate activity allows for a standard operating procedure to be followed, minimizing operational changes. Many operations that utilize mineral acids. such as hydrochloric acid, will not need to alter their standard operating procedure (SOP) to utilize preferred compositions of the present invention.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a chrome-friendly synthetic acid composition for use in various industrial settings, wherein said composition having a low evaporation rate. Acids normally utilized in industrial operations typically have a high tendency to evaporate, fume or exhibit a high vapor pressure, especially at higher concentrations. Preferred embodiments of the present invention do not exhibit this tendency and have very low fuming effect and low vapor pressure.
Hydrochloric acid will produce hazardous fumes, such as chlorine gas, which can he fatal in higher concentrations >1300 ppm. Preferred embodiments of the present invention do not produce hazardous fumes, even in higher concentrations.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a synthetic acid composition comprising:
- urea & a phosphoric acid derivative in a molar ratio of not less than 0.1:1; preferably in a molar ratio not less than 0.5:1, preferably in a molar ratio not less than 0.7:1, more preferably in a molar ratio not less than 1.0:1 - optionally, a corrosion inhibitor can be added, examples of such can include Armohib 31 from Azko Nobel.
The term phosphoric acid derivatiVe is to be understood as including compounds such as phosphoric acid, polyphosphorie acid, orthophosphorie acid (113PO4), pyrophosphorie acid (H413207), tripolyphosphoric acid (11513,101,,), tetrapolyphosphorie acid (116P4013), trimetaphosphoric acid (1.131)300,and phosphoric anhydride (13401)). The preferred phosphoric acid derivative is orthophosphoric acid.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The description that follows, and the embodiments described therein, is provided by way of illustration of an example, or examples, of particular embodiments of the principles of the present invention.
These examples are provided for the purposes of explanation, and not limitation, of those principles and of the invention.
According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a synthetic acid composition for use in the removal of cementitious deposits off metallic surfaces, said composition comprising:
- urea & a phosphoric acid derivative in a molar ratio of not less than 0.1:1; preferably in a molar ratio not less than 0.5:1, more preferably in a molar ratio not less than 0.7:1 yet more preferably in a molar ratio not less than 1 .0: 1 .
Urea and a phosphoric acid derivative is the main component in terms of volume and weight percent of the composition of the present invention. When added to a phosphoric acid derivative, for example orthophosphoric acid, there is a reaction that results in a urea phosphate solution with the chemical composition of CO(N112)21-131104, which binds the phosphate ion within the molecular structure. The low pH
- of urea phosphate allows calcium, magnesium and phosphorus to co-exist in solution. This reaction greatly reduces the hazardous effects of the orthophosphoric acid on its own, such as the fuming effects, the hygroscopic effects, the exothermic effect and the highly corrosive nature.
According to a preferred embodiment, urea & orthophosphoric acid are present in a molar ratio of not less than 0.1:1; preferably in a molar ratio not less than 0.5:1, and more preferably in a molar ratio not less than1.0:1. However, this ratio can be increased or decreased depending on the application.
It is preferable to add the urea at a molar ratio greater than 1 to the moles of phosphoric acid derivative (in terms of phosphate groups). This is done in order to bind any available phosphate ions, thereby creating a safer, more stable product. Preferably, the composition according to the present invention comprises 1.00 moles of urea per 1,0 moles of orthophosphoric acid. The urea also allows for a reduced rate of reaction when in the presence of carbonate-based materials. This again due to the stronger molecular or ionic bonds associated over what orthophosphoric acid traditionally displays.
Chrome-friendly is understood to mean that the corrosion on a standard chrome surface upon exposure of the synthetic acid composition is at least 85% less than the corrosion of the same type of chrome surface by HC1 at a temperature of 20"C for a period of time of 6 hours.
According to the MSDS sheet of Armohib 31*, this inhibitor is said to be designed for use with phosphoric acid. It is said to contain a proprietary alkoxylated fatty amine salts (in an undisclosed %
content), a proprietary alkoxylated organic acid (in an undisclosed content), and N,N'-dibutyl thiourea in an amount ranging from 20-30 A) by weight. This corrosion inhibitor does however not address the exothermic and environmental toxicity drawbacks associated with the use of phosphoric acids, nor does it address the corrosion effect on chrome. It mainly addresses the corrosion on steel surfaces.
Example 1 - Process to prepare a composition according, to a preferred embodiment of the invention Start with a 50% by weight solution of urea liquor in water. Add an 85% by weight solution of orthophosphoric acid and circulate until all reactions have completely ceased.
Immediately add water to a desired concentration of 50%. Armohib CA-31 or an equivalent corrosion inhibition package is added at this point. Circulation is maintained until all products have been solubilized.
Table 1 lists the components of the composition of Example 1, including their weight percentage as compared to the total weight of the composition and the CAS numbers of each component.
Table 1 ¨ Formulation of Example 1 Chemical % Wt Composition CAM
Water 43.95% 7732-18-5 Urea Phosphate _________________________ 56% 4861-19-2 Armohib 0.05% a/a Example 2 Table 2 lists the components of the composition of Example 2 including their weight percentage as compared to the total weight of the composition and the CAS numbers of each component.
Table 2 ¨ Formulation of Example 2 Chemical % Wt Composition CAS#
______________________________________________________________ Water 44%
Urea Phosphate 56% 4861-19-2 The resulting composition of Example 1 is a clear, odourless liquid having shelf-life of greater than I
year. It has a freezing point temperature of approximately minus 15 C and a boiling point temperature of approximately 100 C. It has a specific gravity of 1.1910.02. It is completely soluble in water and its pH is The composition is expected to be classified as a non- irritant according to the classifications for OECD dermal tests. The composition is non-fuming and has no volatile organic compounds nor does it have any BTEX levels above the drinking water quality levels. BTEX refers to the chemicals benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene. Toxicity testing was calculated using surrogate information and the I.,C50 was determined to he greater than 884 mg/kg.
Aquatic Toxicity Testing The biological test method that was employed was the Reference Method for Determining acute lethality using rainbow trout (1990 Environment Canada. EPS 1/RM/9 ¨ with the May 1996 and May 2007 amendments).
The Trout 96 hour Acute Test (WTR-ME-041) was performed at 5 different concentrations of compositions (62.5, 125, 250, 500 and 1000 ppm) one replicate per treatment, ten fish per replicate.
The test results indicate that at concentrations of the composition of Example
2 of up to and including 884 ppm there was a 100% survival rate in the fish sample studied.
This is an indicator that the composition of Example 2 demonstrates a highly acceptable environmental safety profile.
Solubility Testing The formulation of example 1 was tested for dissolving ability. Its solubilising power (in kg per inl) is lower than other synthetic acids, but it provides steel and chrome protection which other synthetic acids do not. The results of the solubilising tests are reported in Tables 3 and 4 below.
II -Table 3- Calcium Carbonate Dissolution Testing Results for Various Formulations Calcium Carbonate Weight Loss Due To CO2/ g Time / mins 0 5 10 15 Example 2 0 1.45 2.13 2.39 __st Ora) Example 2 (50% diluted) ______ 0 1.11 1.35 1.44 _ Phosphoric Acid 85% 0 0.04 0.06 0.07 Phosphoric Acid 0 1.53 1.87 2.01 Table 4- Calcium Carbonate Dissolution Testing Results for Various Formulations CaCO3 CaCO3 Loss at Loss at Initial Final Weight / Weight Total Solubility kg 225 mins 225 mins Weight / g Loss! g per m3 g ___________________________ Example 2 6.26 6.26 15.0165 9.8225 5.194 103.88 Example 2 15.0133 12.1614 2.8519 57.038 (50% diluted) 3.60 3.60 Phosphoric Acid 0.17 0.17 14.5035 14.5 0 0 _______ 85%
Corrosion Testing The fmnulation of Examples 1 and 2 according to the present invention were exposed to corrosion testing. The results of the corrosion tests are reported below.
Corrosion Testing on J-55 Steel Coupons Corrosion testing was carried out on J-55 steel coupons at 70 C for 6 hours (density is Of 7.86 Wee, the coupons presenting a surface area 28.992 cm). Samples of J55 grade steel were exposed to various synthetic acid solutions for periods of time ranging up to 24 hours at 90 C
temperatures. All of the tested compositions contained urea and phosphoric acid in a I :1.00 ratio.
Table 5 - Corrosion Test Results on J-55 Steel Coupons Initial Wt. Final wt. Loss wt.
Fluid Inhibitor -Mils/yr mm/year Ih/ft2 tgi (g) (g) Example 2 None 34.8659 29.771 5.095 12887.59 327.218 0.361 Example 2 0.5% CI-PP 36.5826 31.0838 5.499 13903.86 353.158 0.39 Example 2 0.5% C1-28 34.828 33.6092 1.219 3081.767 78.277 0.086 Example 2 0.5% C1-31 35.2115 35.1834 0,028 71.05158 1.805 0.002 Example 2 0.5% 242ES 34.8771 31.3091 3.568 9021.78 229.153 0.253 Example 2 0.3% C1-31 34.8183 34.7928 0.026 64.47741 1.638 0.002 *Example 2 0.3% C1-31 35.5523 35.5165 0.036 90.52123 7.299 0.003 (50% diluted) Phosphoric None 35.5042 29.798 5.706 14428.27 366.478 0.404 acid 85%
Phosphoric None 33.3285 20.6098 12.719 32159.56 816.853 0.902 acid 42.5%
As a note. compositions where an additive was incorporated contain less water to account Mr the volume of the additive.
*Compositions which were diluted alter the corrosion inhibitor additive was added.
This type of corrosion testing helps to determine the impact of the use of such synthetic replacement acid composition according to the present invention compared to the industry standard (such as 1-1C1 blends or phosphoric acid or organic acid blends). The results obtained for the composition containing only phosphoric acid (at 85% and at 42,5%) were used as a baseline to compare with the formulation of Example 1 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Additionally, the compositions according to the present invention will allow the end user to utilize an alternative to conventional acids that has the down-hole performance advantages, transportation and storage advantages as well as the health, safety and environmental advantages. Enhancement in short/long term corrosion control is one of the key advantages of the present invention. 'Hie reduction in skin corrosiveness, the elimination of corrosive fumes, the controlled spending nature, and the high salt tolerance are some other advantages of compositions according to the present invention.
Corrosion Testing on Chrome Coupons Testing was carried out on Chrome 13 coupons at 70 C for a period of 6 hours.
A urea-phosphoric acid composition (Example 2) provided an improvement in the corrosion resistance of 33% versus a phosphoric acid (42.5%) composition. The urea-phosphoric acid with inhibitor composition (Example 1) provided a corrosion resistance improvement of 66% over the phosphoric acid (42.5%) composition. This represents a significant improvement as a reduction in pitting on the surface of the chrome component will result in longer equipment life.
Corrosion Testing, on Chromed Stainless Steel Coupons Testing was carried out on stainless steel coupons having a chromed surface at 70"C for a period of 6 hours. The urea-phosphoric acid composition (Example 2) provided a corrosion resistance improvement of 64% over the phosphoric acid (42.5%) composition. The surface area of the coupons was 23.42 -cm?. The results are reported in Table #6.
Table 6 - Corrosion Test Results on Chromed Stainless Steel Coupons composition Initial Final difference wt weight Mils/yr mm/year lb/ft2 Example 2 24.432 22.7074 1.725 5385.143 136.783 0.151 42.5% Phosphoric 24.248 19.4281 4.820 15050.36 382.279 0.422 acid Testing was carried out on stainless steel coupons having a chromed surface at 23 C for a period of 24 hours. The urea-phosphoric acid (50%) with additive provided a corrosion resistance improvement of 64% over the hydrochloric acid (15%) composition. The urea-phosphoric acid provided a corrosion resistance improvement of 64% over the hydrochloric acid (15%) composition.
This represents a significant improvement as a reduction in pitting on the surface of the chrome and reduction in the corrosion of the steel will result in longer equipment life. The surface area of the coupons was 23.42 cm?. The results are reported in Table #7.
Table 7 - Corrosion Test Results on Chromed Stainless Steel Coupons Initial Composition Final weight difference Mils/yr mm/year lb/ft2 wt 15%11C1 24.2276 21.8413 2.386 1862.833 47.316 0.169 Example I 24.4701 24.469 0.001 0.8587 0.011 0.0001 Example 1 (50%
24.3014 14.2086 0.003 2.185782 0.056 0.0002 diluted) With WI composition, the chromed surface became dull and peeled from the steel. Both of the urea-phosphoric acid compositions (100% and 50%) had barely any impact on the chromed steel.
With respect to the corrosion impact of the composition on the tested steel and chrome plated steel, it was established that it was clearly well below the acceptable corrosion limits set by industry for certain applications, such as scale treatments. As the compositions according to preferred embodiments of the present invention exhibit little or no corrosion on chrome plated components, it is highly economical -for multiple applications where chrome exposure is a concern. Long term exposure to chrome-corrosive compositions may lead to the need for replacement of equipment which may be costly, time-consuming or both.
Properties The formulation of Example I was analyzed and had the following physical and chemical properties at full strength and upon dilution by half.
Table 8 ¨ Various Physical and Chemical Properties of the Formulation of Example 2 at Full Strength and Upon Dilution by Half.
100% 50%
Appearance Clear colorless liquid Clear colorless liquid Specific Crayity at 23C 1.192 1.1 Salinity, 30 ____ Odor Slight Slight Between Between Freezing Point -10 and -20 C -10 and -/0 0C
Boiling Point 98 C 980C
pH 0.93 1.23 Dermal Test Classification PG III Not tested Aquatic Toxicity LC 50 884 mg/L Not tested Additionally, the compositions according to the present invention will allow the end user to utilize an alternative to conventional acids that has transportation and storage advantages as well as health, safety and environmental advantages. Enhancement in short/long term corrosion control is one of the key advantages of the present invention. The reduction in skin corrosiveness, the elimination of corrosive fumes during reactions, the controlled spending nature, and the high salt tolerance and the resistance to damaging chrome are some other advantages of compositions according to the present invention.
Salinity tolerance The formulation of Example 2 exhibited high salinity tolerance of more than 150,000 ppm.
Consequentially, this provides the additional advantage of allowing for onsite dilution with water while still not precipitating salts, unlike the tendency of HC1 to do so.
Elastomer Testing This formulation shows little effect on a typical elastomer found within industry upon exposure for 24 hours at room temperature.
Table 9 ¨ .Elastomer Testing of the Formulation of Example 2 at Full Strength Elastomer Testing 100%
_________________________ V iton Time Thickness I / Thickness 2 /
____ days Weight / g inches inches 5.4269 0.35 0.44 5.4476 0.35 0.44 Dilution Testing There is also minimal exothermic reaction when a formulation according to the present invention is blended with water. Comparative testing with phosphoric acid dilution with water showed an increase in temperature from 20'C to 35.8C. 50m1 of the formulation of Example 2 (at 100%
strength) and 50m1 distilled water mixed together, the temperature was recorded as being 19.2'C
(initial T) and 19.1"C(after dilution). Comparatively, phosphoric acid (85%) yielded an initial temperature of 20.3"C and 35.8 C after Table 10 Comparative Exothermic Testing of the Formulation of Example 2 and Phosphoric Acid (85%) Upon dilution with Distilled Water Exothermic Testing 50m1 test fluid and SOml distilled water No agitation Initial Temp Final Temp /
Test Fluid /"C oc Example 2,100% __________________ 19 . 19.1 Phosphoric Acid, 85% 20.3 35.8 Prior art compositions used in the trucking industry have approached the corrosion problems by typically simply diluting the acid. However, this renders the acid much less efficient and requires substantially more volumes of liquid causing more environmental concerns and reduced washing efficiency.
Compositions according to the present invention are capable to remove dried cement off the surfaces of trucks and other vehicles exposed to cement. This is the true worst case scenario in terms of removal of hardened foreign substances and the removal of hardened cement or cement-like substances is extremely difficult and requires strongly reactive components all the while maintaining the integrity of the metals on which the cement or cement-like substances have deposited.
Other uses for the composition according to preferred embodiments of the present invention include pH control, concrete cleaning, sanitizing of food, dairy and brewery equipment, and so on, these are preferably uses where chrome or chrome plated equipment is used.
While the foregoing invention has been described in sonic detail for purposes of clarity and understanding, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the relevant arts, once they have been made familiar with this disclosure, which various changes in form and detail can be made without departing from the true scope of' the invention in the appended claims.
This is an indicator that the composition of Example 2 demonstrates a highly acceptable environmental safety profile.
Solubility Testing The formulation of example 1 was tested for dissolving ability. Its solubilising power (in kg per inl) is lower than other synthetic acids, but it provides steel and chrome protection which other synthetic acids do not. The results of the solubilising tests are reported in Tables 3 and 4 below.
II -Table 3- Calcium Carbonate Dissolution Testing Results for Various Formulations Calcium Carbonate Weight Loss Due To CO2/ g Time / mins 0 5 10 15 Example 2 0 1.45 2.13 2.39 __st Ora) Example 2 (50% diluted) ______ 0 1.11 1.35 1.44 _ Phosphoric Acid 85% 0 0.04 0.06 0.07 Phosphoric Acid 0 1.53 1.87 2.01 Table 4- Calcium Carbonate Dissolution Testing Results for Various Formulations CaCO3 CaCO3 Loss at Loss at Initial Final Weight / Weight Total Solubility kg 225 mins 225 mins Weight / g Loss! g per m3 g ___________________________ Example 2 6.26 6.26 15.0165 9.8225 5.194 103.88 Example 2 15.0133 12.1614 2.8519 57.038 (50% diluted) 3.60 3.60 Phosphoric Acid 0.17 0.17 14.5035 14.5 0 0 _______ 85%
Corrosion Testing The fmnulation of Examples 1 and 2 according to the present invention were exposed to corrosion testing. The results of the corrosion tests are reported below.
Corrosion Testing on J-55 Steel Coupons Corrosion testing was carried out on J-55 steel coupons at 70 C for 6 hours (density is Of 7.86 Wee, the coupons presenting a surface area 28.992 cm). Samples of J55 grade steel were exposed to various synthetic acid solutions for periods of time ranging up to 24 hours at 90 C
temperatures. All of the tested compositions contained urea and phosphoric acid in a I :1.00 ratio.
Table 5 - Corrosion Test Results on J-55 Steel Coupons Initial Wt. Final wt. Loss wt.
Fluid Inhibitor -Mils/yr mm/year Ih/ft2 tgi (g) (g) Example 2 None 34.8659 29.771 5.095 12887.59 327.218 0.361 Example 2 0.5% CI-PP 36.5826 31.0838 5.499 13903.86 353.158 0.39 Example 2 0.5% C1-28 34.828 33.6092 1.219 3081.767 78.277 0.086 Example 2 0.5% C1-31 35.2115 35.1834 0,028 71.05158 1.805 0.002 Example 2 0.5% 242ES 34.8771 31.3091 3.568 9021.78 229.153 0.253 Example 2 0.3% C1-31 34.8183 34.7928 0.026 64.47741 1.638 0.002 *Example 2 0.3% C1-31 35.5523 35.5165 0.036 90.52123 7.299 0.003 (50% diluted) Phosphoric None 35.5042 29.798 5.706 14428.27 366.478 0.404 acid 85%
Phosphoric None 33.3285 20.6098 12.719 32159.56 816.853 0.902 acid 42.5%
As a note. compositions where an additive was incorporated contain less water to account Mr the volume of the additive.
*Compositions which were diluted alter the corrosion inhibitor additive was added.
This type of corrosion testing helps to determine the impact of the use of such synthetic replacement acid composition according to the present invention compared to the industry standard (such as 1-1C1 blends or phosphoric acid or organic acid blends). The results obtained for the composition containing only phosphoric acid (at 85% and at 42,5%) were used as a baseline to compare with the formulation of Example 1 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Additionally, the compositions according to the present invention will allow the end user to utilize an alternative to conventional acids that has the down-hole performance advantages, transportation and storage advantages as well as the health, safety and environmental advantages. Enhancement in short/long term corrosion control is one of the key advantages of the present invention. 'Hie reduction in skin corrosiveness, the elimination of corrosive fumes, the controlled spending nature, and the high salt tolerance are some other advantages of compositions according to the present invention.
Corrosion Testing on Chrome Coupons Testing was carried out on Chrome 13 coupons at 70 C for a period of 6 hours.
A urea-phosphoric acid composition (Example 2) provided an improvement in the corrosion resistance of 33% versus a phosphoric acid (42.5%) composition. The urea-phosphoric acid with inhibitor composition (Example 1) provided a corrosion resistance improvement of 66% over the phosphoric acid (42.5%) composition. This represents a significant improvement as a reduction in pitting on the surface of the chrome component will result in longer equipment life.
Corrosion Testing, on Chromed Stainless Steel Coupons Testing was carried out on stainless steel coupons having a chromed surface at 70"C for a period of 6 hours. The urea-phosphoric acid composition (Example 2) provided a corrosion resistance improvement of 64% over the phosphoric acid (42.5%) composition. The surface area of the coupons was 23.42 -cm?. The results are reported in Table #6.
Table 6 - Corrosion Test Results on Chromed Stainless Steel Coupons composition Initial Final difference wt weight Mils/yr mm/year lb/ft2 Example 2 24.432 22.7074 1.725 5385.143 136.783 0.151 42.5% Phosphoric 24.248 19.4281 4.820 15050.36 382.279 0.422 acid Testing was carried out on stainless steel coupons having a chromed surface at 23 C for a period of 24 hours. The urea-phosphoric acid (50%) with additive provided a corrosion resistance improvement of 64% over the hydrochloric acid (15%) composition. The urea-phosphoric acid provided a corrosion resistance improvement of 64% over the hydrochloric acid (15%) composition.
This represents a significant improvement as a reduction in pitting on the surface of the chrome and reduction in the corrosion of the steel will result in longer equipment life. The surface area of the coupons was 23.42 cm?. The results are reported in Table #7.
Table 7 - Corrosion Test Results on Chromed Stainless Steel Coupons Initial Composition Final weight difference Mils/yr mm/year lb/ft2 wt 15%11C1 24.2276 21.8413 2.386 1862.833 47.316 0.169 Example I 24.4701 24.469 0.001 0.8587 0.011 0.0001 Example 1 (50%
24.3014 14.2086 0.003 2.185782 0.056 0.0002 diluted) With WI composition, the chromed surface became dull and peeled from the steel. Both of the urea-phosphoric acid compositions (100% and 50%) had barely any impact on the chromed steel.
With respect to the corrosion impact of the composition on the tested steel and chrome plated steel, it was established that it was clearly well below the acceptable corrosion limits set by industry for certain applications, such as scale treatments. As the compositions according to preferred embodiments of the present invention exhibit little or no corrosion on chrome plated components, it is highly economical -for multiple applications where chrome exposure is a concern. Long term exposure to chrome-corrosive compositions may lead to the need for replacement of equipment which may be costly, time-consuming or both.
Properties The formulation of Example I was analyzed and had the following physical and chemical properties at full strength and upon dilution by half.
Table 8 ¨ Various Physical and Chemical Properties of the Formulation of Example 2 at Full Strength and Upon Dilution by Half.
100% 50%
Appearance Clear colorless liquid Clear colorless liquid Specific Crayity at 23C 1.192 1.1 Salinity, 30 ____ Odor Slight Slight Between Between Freezing Point -10 and -20 C -10 and -/0 0C
Boiling Point 98 C 980C
pH 0.93 1.23 Dermal Test Classification PG III Not tested Aquatic Toxicity LC 50 884 mg/L Not tested Additionally, the compositions according to the present invention will allow the end user to utilize an alternative to conventional acids that has transportation and storage advantages as well as health, safety and environmental advantages. Enhancement in short/long term corrosion control is one of the key advantages of the present invention. The reduction in skin corrosiveness, the elimination of corrosive fumes during reactions, the controlled spending nature, and the high salt tolerance and the resistance to damaging chrome are some other advantages of compositions according to the present invention.
Salinity tolerance The formulation of Example 2 exhibited high salinity tolerance of more than 150,000 ppm.
Consequentially, this provides the additional advantage of allowing for onsite dilution with water while still not precipitating salts, unlike the tendency of HC1 to do so.
Elastomer Testing This formulation shows little effect on a typical elastomer found within industry upon exposure for 24 hours at room temperature.
Table 9 ¨ .Elastomer Testing of the Formulation of Example 2 at Full Strength Elastomer Testing 100%
_________________________ V iton Time Thickness I / Thickness 2 /
____ days Weight / g inches inches 5.4269 0.35 0.44 5.4476 0.35 0.44 Dilution Testing There is also minimal exothermic reaction when a formulation according to the present invention is blended with water. Comparative testing with phosphoric acid dilution with water showed an increase in temperature from 20'C to 35.8C. 50m1 of the formulation of Example 2 (at 100%
strength) and 50m1 distilled water mixed together, the temperature was recorded as being 19.2'C
(initial T) and 19.1"C(after dilution). Comparatively, phosphoric acid (85%) yielded an initial temperature of 20.3"C and 35.8 C after Table 10 Comparative Exothermic Testing of the Formulation of Example 2 and Phosphoric Acid (85%) Upon dilution with Distilled Water Exothermic Testing 50m1 test fluid and SOml distilled water No agitation Initial Temp Final Temp /
Test Fluid /"C oc Example 2,100% __________________ 19 . 19.1 Phosphoric Acid, 85% 20.3 35.8 Prior art compositions used in the trucking industry have approached the corrosion problems by typically simply diluting the acid. However, this renders the acid much less efficient and requires substantially more volumes of liquid causing more environmental concerns and reduced washing efficiency.
Compositions according to the present invention are capable to remove dried cement off the surfaces of trucks and other vehicles exposed to cement. This is the true worst case scenario in terms of removal of hardened foreign substances and the removal of hardened cement or cement-like substances is extremely difficult and requires strongly reactive components all the while maintaining the integrity of the metals on which the cement or cement-like substances have deposited.
Other uses for the composition according to preferred embodiments of the present invention include pH control, concrete cleaning, sanitizing of food, dairy and brewery equipment, and so on, these are preferably uses where chrome or chrome plated equipment is used.
While the foregoing invention has been described in sonic detail for purposes of clarity and understanding, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the relevant arts, once they have been made familiar with this disclosure, which various changes in form and detail can be made without departing from the true scope of' the invention in the appended claims.
Claims (16)
1. A synthetic acid composition for use in removal of cementitious deposits off metallic surfaces, said composition comprising:
- urea and phosphoric acid or a derivative thereof in a molar ratio of not less than 0.1:1.
- urea and phosphoric acid or a derivative thereof in a molar ratio of not less than 0.1:1.
2. A synthetic acid composition for use in pH control, said composition comprising:
- urea and phosphoric acid or a derivative thereof in a molar ratio of not less than 0.1:1.
- urea and phosphoric acid or a derivative thereof in a molar ratio of not less than 0.1:1.
3. A synthetic acid composition for use in concrete cleaning, said composition comprising:
- urea and phosphoric acid or a derivative thereof in a molar ratio of not less than 0.1:1.
- urea and phosphoric acid or a derivative thereof in a molar ratio of not less than 0.1:1.
4 A
synthetic acid composition for use in sanitizing of food, dairy and brewery equipment, said composition comprising:
- urea and phosphoric acid or a derivative thereof in a molar ratio of not less than 0.1:1.
synthetic acid composition for use in sanitizing of food, dairy and brewery equipment, said composition comprising:
- urea and phosphoric acid or a derivative thereof in a molar ratio of not less than 0.1:1.
5. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the phosphoric acid derivative is selected from the group consisting of :
phosphoric acid, polyphosphoric acid, Orthophosphoric acid (H3PO4), pyrophosphoric acid (H4P2O7), tripolyphosphoric acid (H5P3O10), tetrapolyphosphoric acid (H6P4O13), trimetaphosphoric acid (H3P3O9), and phosphoric anhydride (P4O10).
phosphoric acid, polyphosphoric acid, Orthophosphoric acid (H3PO4), pyrophosphoric acid (H4P2O7), tripolyphosphoric acid (H5P3O10), tetrapolyphosphoric acid (H6P4O13), trimetaphosphoric acid (H3P3O9), and phosphoric anhydride (P4O10).
6. The synthetic acid composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a thiourea derivative.
7. The synthetic acid composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the thiourea derivative is selected from the group consisting of: N,N'-dibutyl thiourea, N,N'-Diphenylthiourea, 1,3-di-tert-butyl-2-thiourea, N-Butylurea, N,N'-Diethylthiourea, 1 ,3-Diethylurea, N,N'-Dimethylthiourea, 1,3-Diisopropyl-2-thiourea, N,N'-Dimethylthiourea, N-Methylthiourea, 1,3-Di-p-tolyl-2-thiourea, and N-Ethylthiourea.
8. The synthetic acid composition according to claim 7, wherein the thiourea derivative is N,N'-dibutyl thiourea.
9. The synthetic acid composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising an alkoxylated fatty amine salts.
10. The synthetic acid composition according to claim 9, wherein the alkoxylated fatty amine salts is selected from the group consisting of: bis-(2-hydroxyethyl) isodecyloxypropylamine; poly (5) oxyethylene isodecyloxypropylamine; bis-(2-hydroxyethyl) isotridecyloxypropylamine; polyoxyethylene isotridecyloxypropyl amine; bis-(2-hydroxyethyl) linear alkyloxypropylamine;
bis (2-hydroxyethyl) soya amine; polyoxyethylene soya amine; bis (2-hydroxyethyl) octadecylamine;
polyoxyethylene octadecylamine; polyoxyethylene octadecylamine; polyoxyethylene octadecylamine; polyoxyethylene octadecylamine; bis (2-hydroxyethyl) octadecyloxypropylamine; bis-(2-hydroxyethyl) tallow amine;
polyoxyethylene tallow amine; polyoxyethylene tallow amine; polyoxyethylene 1,3 diaminopropane; bis (2-hydroxyethyl) coco amine; bis-(2-hydroxyethyl) isodecyloxypropylamine;
polyoxyethylene isodecyloxypropylamine; bis-(2-hydroxyethyl) isotridecyloxypropylamine; polyoxyethylene isotridecyloxypropyl amine; bis-(2-hydroxyethyl) linear alkyloxypropylamine;
bis (2-hydroxyethyl) soya amine; polyoxyethylene soya amine; bis (2-hydroxyethyl) octadecylamine; bis (2-hydroxyethyl) octadecyloxypropylamine; bis-(2-hydroxyethyl) tallow amine; polyoxyethylene tallow amine;
polyoxyethylene 1,3 diaminopropane; and bis (2-hydroxethyl) coco amine.
bis (2-hydroxyethyl) soya amine; polyoxyethylene soya amine; bis (2-hydroxyethyl) octadecylamine;
polyoxyethylene octadecylamine; polyoxyethylene octadecylamine; polyoxyethylene octadecylamine; polyoxyethylene octadecylamine; bis (2-hydroxyethyl) octadecyloxypropylamine; bis-(2-hydroxyethyl) tallow amine;
polyoxyethylene tallow amine; polyoxyethylene tallow amine; polyoxyethylene 1,3 diaminopropane; bis (2-hydroxyethyl) coco amine; bis-(2-hydroxyethyl) isodecyloxypropylamine;
polyoxyethylene isodecyloxypropylamine; bis-(2-hydroxyethyl) isotridecyloxypropylamine; polyoxyethylene isotridecyloxypropyl amine; bis-(2-hydroxyethyl) linear alkyloxypropylamine;
bis (2-hydroxyethyl) soya amine; polyoxyethylene soya amine; bis (2-hydroxyethyl) octadecylamine; bis (2-hydroxyethyl) octadecyloxypropylamine; bis-(2-hydroxyethyl) tallow amine; polyoxyethylene tallow amine;
polyoxyethylene 1,3 diaminopropane; and bis (2-hydroxethyl) coco amine.
11. The synthetic acid composition according to any one of claims 1 to 10, further comprising an alkoxylated organic acid.
12. The synthetic acid composition according to claim 9, wherein the alkoxylated organic acid is selected from the group consisting of coconut oil ethoxylated fatty acid and derivatives thereof, tall oil ethoxylated fatty acid and derivatives thereof and combinations thereof.
13. The synthetic acid composition according to any one of claims 1 to 12, further comprising a corrosion inhibitor comprising at least one of the following: alkoxylated fatty amine salts; alkoxylated organic acid; and a thiourea derivative.
14. The synthetic acid composition according to any one of claims, 1 to 13, wherein the urea and the phosphoric acid derivative are in a molar ratio of not less than 0.5:1.
15. The synthetic acid composition according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the urea and the phosphoric acid derivative are in a molar ratio of not less than 0.7:1.
16. The synthetic acid composition according to claim 15, wherein the urea and the phosphoric acid derivative are in a molar ratio of not less than 1.0:1.
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| CA2925635A CA2925635A1 (en) | 2016-03-31 | 2016-03-31 | Synthetic acids for use in various industrial acrivities |
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| CA2925635A CA2925635A1 (en) | 2016-03-31 | 2016-03-31 | Synthetic acids for use in various industrial acrivities |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109321925A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-02-12 | 福泉市利广环保设备有限公司 | A kind of kitchen waste treater rust remover and its preparation process |
| US11591696B2 (en) | 2016-12-02 | 2023-02-28 | Fluid Energy Group Ltd. | Corrosion inhibition package |
| US11795373B2 (en) | 2018-06-19 | 2023-10-24 | Dorf Ketal Chemicals Fze | Corrosion inhibitor for various acids |
-
2016
- 2016-03-31 CA CA2925635A patent/CA2925635A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11591696B2 (en) | 2016-12-02 | 2023-02-28 | Fluid Energy Group Ltd. | Corrosion inhibition package |
| US11795373B2 (en) | 2018-06-19 | 2023-10-24 | Dorf Ketal Chemicals Fze | Corrosion inhibitor for various acids |
| CN109321925A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-02-12 | 福泉市利广环保设备有限公司 | A kind of kitchen waste treater rust remover and its preparation process |
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