CA2896034A1 - Overlapping bicycle vertical independent amassing system - Google Patents
Overlapping bicycle vertical independent amassing system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2896034A1 CA2896034A1 CA2896034A CA2896034A CA2896034A1 CA 2896034 A1 CA2896034 A1 CA 2896034A1 CA 2896034 A CA2896034 A CA 2896034A CA 2896034 A CA2896034 A CA 2896034A CA 2896034 A1 CA2896034 A1 CA 2896034A1
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- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- comprised
- vertical
- bicycle
- bicycles
- peg
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62H—CYCLE STANDS; SUPPORTS OR HOLDERS FOR PARKING OR STORING CYCLES; APPLIANCES PREVENTING OR INDICATING UNAUTHORIZED USE OR THEFT OF CYCLES; LOCKS INTEGRAL WITH CYCLES; DEVICES FOR LEARNING TO RIDE CYCLES
- B62H3/00—Separate supports or holders for parking or storing cycles
- B62H3/12—Hanging-up devices
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)
Abstract
The "OBVIAS" (full name: Overlapping Bicycle Vertical Independent Amassing System) is described as a racking system utilizing the front wheel of two bicycles to store them in a vertical manner. The bicycles are hung on separated opposing sides of a unit in an overlapping fashion with the bottom (read pedals) of the bikes facing towards each other and tops (read seats) facing away. This is a single unit. Multiple units may be placed side by side at varying heights to expand the number of storage spaces.
Description
The OBVIAS
Overlapping Bicycle Vertical Independent Amassing System Description The OBVIAS is a storage system for the express purpose of increasing the density and organization of bicycles stored in any given area. The OBVIAS
system does this by hanging multiple bicycles in a vertical fashion by means of a hook through the front wheel. Bicycles are held side by side at varying heights to decrease the floor footprint along this direction. This is repeated on the opposite side of the rack structure. Both sides of the rack overlap the bicycles within the structure to further reduce the footprint. This system is best used in the middle of a room or where storage on a wall would only slightly increase density.
Previous inventions have endeavored to increase density and organization by placing bicycles in a vertical fashion at differing heights along walls, or in stand alone units that either house bicycles on both sides of a rack or around a vertical support member in a circular pattern without the overlap. As well as in a horizontal fashion either by placing pushing a bicycle into a stall (at the expense of increased organization), or at varying heights on the front wheel to allow more organization. Most of these systems are either prohibitively expensive (an example would be some two story systems) or do not sufficiently compress the density/ footprint of multiple bicycles. Other systems are designed for quick loading and unloading storage and forgo most organization (a perfect example is the majority of racks in use out front of public venues. Designed to hold many bicycles but in a fast manner rather then an organized manner). Many racking systems on the market will store every "normal" shape of bicycle, but there are quite a few shapes that do not fit the description of "normal". Many others will create interference with the wheels or the frame of certain bicycles. This becomes a problem when trying to lock the frame of particular styles of bicycle frames. Storage density, organization, damage prevention, cost, ease of use, utility, and theft deterrence. These are the major considerations when a storage racking system is designed.
For the purposes of this description, the front wheel of a bicycle shall be called the front and vice versa the rear wheel the rear of the bicycle. The seat/
handle bar shall be considered the top of the bike, and the pedals/ where the wheels contact the ground shall be considered the bottom.
Bicycles use a smaller footprint on the floor when their front wheel holds them in a vertical fashion. Front wheel up, rear wheel down. The OBVIAS system overlaps two bicycles hung on a "peg" (fig. B2). The front wheels are up, and the bottom of each bicycle faces the bottom of the other bicycle. The tops of each bicycle rest in an opposite direction then their units mate (see "OBVIAS photo 03"). Two bicycles now use about 20% less floor space then before. Multiple units can be placed side by side to increase density of any given area (see "OBVIAS photo 02" or "OBVIAS Drawing multi"). The OBVIAS holds each bicycle at varying heights (per unit, see "OBVIAS photo 02") and allows unencumbered hanging of said bicycle. Each bicycle can be placed or removed from the rack with minimal entanglement of pedals, handlebars, and shifter/ brake cables.
This allows each bicycle to avoid most damage sustained by over racking and multiple levels of user care. Because of the overlapping nature of The OBVIAS, almost all bicycle styles, shapes, and sizes will come close enough to the racking frame to allow a locking system to be utilized (see "OBVIAS photo 03). The racking frame is a closed system, which prevents easy theft from occurring (see fig. B6).
Overlapping Bicycle Vertical Independent Amassing System Description The OBVIAS is a storage system for the express purpose of increasing the density and organization of bicycles stored in any given area. The OBVIAS
system does this by hanging multiple bicycles in a vertical fashion by means of a hook through the front wheel. Bicycles are held side by side at varying heights to decrease the floor footprint along this direction. This is repeated on the opposite side of the rack structure. Both sides of the rack overlap the bicycles within the structure to further reduce the footprint. This system is best used in the middle of a room or where storage on a wall would only slightly increase density.
Previous inventions have endeavored to increase density and organization by placing bicycles in a vertical fashion at differing heights along walls, or in stand alone units that either house bicycles on both sides of a rack or around a vertical support member in a circular pattern without the overlap. As well as in a horizontal fashion either by placing pushing a bicycle into a stall (at the expense of increased organization), or at varying heights on the front wheel to allow more organization. Most of these systems are either prohibitively expensive (an example would be some two story systems) or do not sufficiently compress the density/ footprint of multiple bicycles. Other systems are designed for quick loading and unloading storage and forgo most organization (a perfect example is the majority of racks in use out front of public venues. Designed to hold many bicycles but in a fast manner rather then an organized manner). Many racking systems on the market will store every "normal" shape of bicycle, but there are quite a few shapes that do not fit the description of "normal". Many others will create interference with the wheels or the frame of certain bicycles. This becomes a problem when trying to lock the frame of particular styles of bicycle frames. Storage density, organization, damage prevention, cost, ease of use, utility, and theft deterrence. These are the major considerations when a storage racking system is designed.
For the purposes of this description, the front wheel of a bicycle shall be called the front and vice versa the rear wheel the rear of the bicycle. The seat/
handle bar shall be considered the top of the bike, and the pedals/ where the wheels contact the ground shall be considered the bottom.
Bicycles use a smaller footprint on the floor when their front wheel holds them in a vertical fashion. Front wheel up, rear wheel down. The OBVIAS system overlaps two bicycles hung on a "peg" (fig. B2). The front wheels are up, and the bottom of each bicycle faces the bottom of the other bicycle. The tops of each bicycle rest in an opposite direction then their units mate (see "OBVIAS photo 03"). Two bicycles now use about 20% less floor space then before. Multiple units can be placed side by side to increase density of any given area (see "OBVIAS photo 02" or "OBVIAS Drawing multi"). The OBVIAS holds each bicycle at varying heights (per unit, see "OBVIAS photo 02") and allows unencumbered hanging of said bicycle. Each bicycle can be placed or removed from the rack with minimal entanglement of pedals, handlebars, and shifter/ brake cables.
This allows each bicycle to avoid most damage sustained by over racking and multiple levels of user care. Because of the overlapping nature of The OBVIAS, almost all bicycle styles, shapes, and sizes will come close enough to the racking frame to allow a locking system to be utilized (see "OBVIAS photo 03). The racking frame is a closed system, which prevents easy theft from occurring (see fig. B6).
2 The OBVIAS photos.
- OBVIAS photo 01: This photo is of the prototype version already in use within "The Picasso" at 711 E 6th Ave, Vancouver, BC, Canada, V5T 1L7.
This photo is to show the varying heights and the side-by-side nature of the system.
- OBVIAS photo 02: This photo demonstrates the varying heights mentioned.
- OBVIAS photo 03: This photo demonstrates the overlapping method used to increase density and decrease floor space used. This photo also demonstrates the how the' frame of most bicycles comes into locking distance with the racking frame.
- OBVIAS photo 04: This photo demonstrates the overlapping method used to increase density and decrease floor space used.
The OBVIAS drawings.
- OBVIAS Drawing multi: This drawing demonstrates how multiple units can be placed side-by-side to allow for greater storage capacity. Fig. Al acknowledges a support member laid across the top of the units to allow for greater strength by tying all of the units of a group together. Fig. Al may be attached to a wall/pillar (as seen in the "OBVIAS photos") or left free standing. Each unit is distanced from center of the previous unit a standard repeated distance equaled to the preferred spacing allowed by the area said grouping of units is installed. Bicycles have a minimum distance they will comfortably sit next to the one beside. Do not space less then 16" centers. This is defined by the average width of modern (circa
- OBVIAS photo 01: This photo is of the prototype version already in use within "The Picasso" at 711 E 6th Ave, Vancouver, BC, Canada, V5T 1L7.
This photo is to show the varying heights and the side-by-side nature of the system.
- OBVIAS photo 02: This photo demonstrates the varying heights mentioned.
- OBVIAS photo 03: This photo demonstrates the overlapping method used to increase density and decrease floor space used. This photo also demonstrates the how the' frame of most bicycles comes into locking distance with the racking frame.
- OBVIAS photo 04: This photo demonstrates the overlapping method used to increase density and decrease floor space used.
The OBVIAS drawings.
- OBVIAS Drawing multi: This drawing demonstrates how multiple units can be placed side-by-side to allow for greater storage capacity. Fig. Al acknowledges a support member laid across the top of the units to allow for greater strength by tying all of the units of a group together. Fig. Al may be attached to a wall/pillar (as seen in the "OBVIAS photos") or left free standing. Each unit is distanced from center of the previous unit a standard repeated distance equaled to the preferred spacing allowed by the area said grouping of units is installed. Bicycles have a minimum distance they will comfortably sit next to the one beside. Do not space less then 16" centers. This is defined by the average width of modern (circa
3 2015) pedals, from the outer edge of the pedal to the centerline of a bicycle.
- OBVIAS Drawing Tech:
- Fig. B1-1 and B1-2: This figure demonstrates the varying heights at which the "pegs" and rear wheel catch are located.
- Fig. B2: This figure demonstrates the catch or bend in the "peg".
The "Peg" is where the front wheel of a bicycle is hung, and the stop or bend is placed to prevent the bicycle slipping off the rack by mistake. The "peg" extends perpendicular from the support member and the bend/ stop is best placed in an up fashion. This will allow for easy loading and unloading of the bicycle. The "peg" is placed at a height that is high enough to hold a bicycle completely off the ground for the OBVIAS Low, and low enough that an average height human can lift the front wheel onto the "peg" for the OBVIAS High. "Pegs" in multi unit groupings should be set at different heights to provide sufficient clearance for handle bars and pedals to prevent interference during the loading and unload process. Steel is recommended for this part but any material with sufficient strength may be used. It is important to note that this part will carry all of the weight of the stored bicycle, therefore should be made out of a material that will maintain it's shape under heavy stress for an extended period of time. It should also be attached to the structural member (fig. B6) in a manner that will support the same weight for an extended period of time.
- Fig. B3: This figure demonstrates the plate and the bolt hole located on the top of the racking system. This plate and hole are utilized by the support member in fig. Al to stabilize multiple units
- OBVIAS Drawing Tech:
- Fig. B1-1 and B1-2: This figure demonstrates the varying heights at which the "pegs" and rear wheel catch are located.
- Fig. B2: This figure demonstrates the catch or bend in the "peg".
The "Peg" is where the front wheel of a bicycle is hung, and the stop or bend is placed to prevent the bicycle slipping off the rack by mistake. The "peg" extends perpendicular from the support member and the bend/ stop is best placed in an up fashion. This will allow for easy loading and unloading of the bicycle. The "peg" is placed at a height that is high enough to hold a bicycle completely off the ground for the OBVIAS Low, and low enough that an average height human can lift the front wheel onto the "peg" for the OBVIAS High. "Pegs" in multi unit groupings should be set at different heights to provide sufficient clearance for handle bars and pedals to prevent interference during the loading and unload process. Steel is recommended for this part but any material with sufficient strength may be used. It is important to note that this part will carry all of the weight of the stored bicycle, therefore should be made out of a material that will maintain it's shape under heavy stress for an extended period of time. It should also be attached to the structural member (fig. B6) in a manner that will support the same weight for an extended period of time.
- Fig. B3: This figure demonstrates the plate and the bolt hole located on the top of the racking system. This plate and hole are utilized by the support member in fig. Al to stabilize multiple units
4 into a grouping. Steel is recommended for this part but any material with sufficient strength may be used. This hole is located in the exact center of the plate and should be the same size as the matching hole located on fig. Al.
- Fig. B4: Figure B4 is the bottom plate. This plate sits on the ground and is bolted down with Lag bolts or concrete anchors via bolt holes through the plate. The actual style of fastener is unimportant but should be taken into consideration based on installation location. I.e.
concrete floor verses plywood subfloor. The number of holes required depends on how many units are in a grouping. A single unit will require more holes, and multiple units less holes. Steel is recommended for this part but any material with sufficient strength may be used.
-Fig. B3 and B4: The vertical members of the OBVIAS are attached to these plates in a manner proper to the material used in the construction.
-Fig. B5: This figure represents the "catch" of the rear wheel catch.
The catch extends out from the side of the vertical support member (same side and direction as the matching "peg") at a predetermined height. This height is dependent on whether the specific rack is the OBVIAS LOW or HIGH and is based on the average wheel base length of modern bicycles. The size of the catch is based on the standard bicycle wheel averaged between a 26" and a 29" wheel. The outer edge of the catch bends back towards the top of the hung bicycle in an attempt to stop the rear wheel from falling off the catch (only seen in the "OBVIAS drawings"). Do not make the catch wider then 8"
as it will interfere with the 16" minimum spacing. Steel is recommended for this part, but any material with sufficient strength will suffice. It is recommended to leave the middle of this part a void to allow the bicycle wheel to sit inside thus increasing the stability of the stored bicycle.
- Fig. B6: This figure presents the structural frame of the OBVIAS.
The frame is comprised of two vertical members attached at respective ends to the plates represented in fig. B3 and B4. Spaced evenly across the length of these members is three cross member plates. These cross members are installed to provide lateral support and should be affixed in a manner consistent with the material used in construction. Steel is recommended for these parts but any material with sufficient strength may be used.
The OBVIAS is best used in an area where space is limited and organized storage is desired. An area such as the middle of a small room where the walls have already been fitted with a racking system and the user wants to increase density of the room is the ideal location. The OBVIAS will work well in parking stalls in above or underground parkades. The overlap maintains the total width of the floor space within that of most modern cars (circa 2000-2015). The OBVIAS is designed to be used anywhere that access from both sides of the unit is possible. It is worth noting that the OBVIAS, despite the acronym, is not obvious to new users with regards to the proper loading of bicycles. Steps should be taken to assist users on how to place the bicycles so that the density increase benefited by the overlap is utilized. It is suggested stickers, posters, or signs be placed in view describing the proper use. The prototype has shown that after a "break in" period the OBVIAS works as intended as veteran users demonstrate the proper use, giving novice users an example to follow.
- Fig. B4: Figure B4 is the bottom plate. This plate sits on the ground and is bolted down with Lag bolts or concrete anchors via bolt holes through the plate. The actual style of fastener is unimportant but should be taken into consideration based on installation location. I.e.
concrete floor verses plywood subfloor. The number of holes required depends on how many units are in a grouping. A single unit will require more holes, and multiple units less holes. Steel is recommended for this part but any material with sufficient strength may be used.
-Fig. B3 and B4: The vertical members of the OBVIAS are attached to these plates in a manner proper to the material used in the construction.
-Fig. B5: This figure represents the "catch" of the rear wheel catch.
The catch extends out from the side of the vertical support member (same side and direction as the matching "peg") at a predetermined height. This height is dependent on whether the specific rack is the OBVIAS LOW or HIGH and is based on the average wheel base length of modern bicycles. The size of the catch is based on the standard bicycle wheel averaged between a 26" and a 29" wheel. The outer edge of the catch bends back towards the top of the hung bicycle in an attempt to stop the rear wheel from falling off the catch (only seen in the "OBVIAS drawings"). Do not make the catch wider then 8"
as it will interfere with the 16" minimum spacing. Steel is recommended for this part, but any material with sufficient strength will suffice. It is recommended to leave the middle of this part a void to allow the bicycle wheel to sit inside thus increasing the stability of the stored bicycle.
- Fig. B6: This figure presents the structural frame of the OBVIAS.
The frame is comprised of two vertical members attached at respective ends to the plates represented in fig. B3 and B4. Spaced evenly across the length of these members is three cross member plates. These cross members are installed to provide lateral support and should be affixed in a manner consistent with the material used in construction. Steel is recommended for these parts but any material with sufficient strength may be used.
The OBVIAS is best used in an area where space is limited and organized storage is desired. An area such as the middle of a small room where the walls have already been fitted with a racking system and the user wants to increase density of the room is the ideal location. The OBVIAS will work well in parking stalls in above or underground parkades. The overlap maintains the total width of the floor space within that of most modern cars (circa 2000-2015). The OBVIAS is designed to be used anywhere that access from both sides of the unit is possible. It is worth noting that the OBVIAS, despite the acronym, is not obvious to new users with regards to the proper loading of bicycles. Steps should be taken to assist users on how to place the bicycles so that the density increase benefited by the overlap is utilized. It is suggested stickers, posters, or signs be placed in view describing the proper use. The prototype has shown that after a "break in" period the OBVIAS works as intended as veteran users demonstrate the proper use, giving novice users an example to follow.
Claims (25)
1. A storage system for bicycles utilizing an overlapping racking method to decrease the footprint of said bicycles comprised of a single or a grouping of an unspecified number of repeated support structures (herein called unit(s)) placed equal distance along a single plane.
2. Equal distance as defined in claim 1 is comprised of the average width of modern bicycles wherein the average measurement from the outer end of the left pedal to the outer end of the right pedal of a bicycle being the minimum distance verses the available space provided by the installation location; With regards to the desired number of units.
3. Equal distance along a single plane acknowledged in claim 1 is comprised of said average measurement described in claim 2 being applied to each unit(s) along the centerline of each parallel unit along a single plane.
4. An unspecified number of units acknowledged in claim 1 are specified by the available measurement of distance along said single plane within the installation location comprised of a maximum desired distance within the installation location divided by the average measurement defined in claim 2 and rounded to the nearest full number.
5. Repeated support structures as mentioned in claim 1 are labeled as unit(s) and are comprised of components consisting of;
- Two vertical support members - A top and bottom plate - Plates placed laterally to brace said vertical members - Two pegs or hooks - Two wheel catches
- Two vertical support members - A top and bottom plate - Plates placed laterally to brace said vertical members - Two pegs or hooks - Two wheel catches
6. A top plate acknowledge in claim 5 is defined as a plate affixed to two vertical members at the top of the vertical members; containing a hole in the exact center of said plate located for the purpose of affixing one unit to another by means of a horizontal support member.
7. In claim 6, a horizontally placed support member is defined as a support member containing an unspecified amount of holes evenly placed at said spacing defined in claim 2 and 3. Affixed to individual units by means of the top plate defined in claim 6 via the hole located in the center of said top plate.
8. In claim 7, said holes are placed for the purpose of affixing the support member to individual units in order to create a grouping.
9. In claim 5, the bottom plate is defined as a plate affixed to the bottom of said vertical members, containing multiple holes.
10. In claim 9, multiple holes are defined as voids through the plate material in which a fastener is utilized to affix each unit to the floor.
11. In claim 5, plates placed laterally to brace vertical support members are comprised of evenly spaced plates across the measurement of length of said vertical members. Each plate is placed perpendicular to the vertical members and rests in between the parallel vertical members of a single unit.
12. In claim 5, A Peg is defined as a cylindrical post extending out perpendicular to the side of a vertical member at a predetermined height along the vertical member length. The peg is comprised of a bend or stop at the end of the cylindrical post.
13. A bend, as mentioned in claim 12, is defined as a shift in the shape of said peg comprised of a 90-degree angle toward the top of the vertical support structure.
14. In claim 5 a catch is defined as a means to grab the rear wheel of a bicycle.
15. In claim 14, said catch is located at a predetermined height from the aforementioned peg comprised of a bar extending out from the side of a vertical member in a perpendicular manner, bending 90-degrees at the outer distance back towards the top of the loaded bicycle; then bent down 90-degrees toward the bottom plate a certain distance, and finally bent at 90-degrees to travel away from the loaded bicycle before bending at 90 degrees towards the same side of the same vertical support member that the catch originated.
16. In claim 15, the distance travelled down is defined as an averaged measurement taken from modern bicycle wheel sizes (29" diameter wheels to 20" diameter wheels circa 2015 to present).
17. In claim 1, an overlapping method is defined as hanging two bicycles in a vertical fashion in which the front wheel hangs both bicycles on opposite sides of a unit with the bottoms of each bicycle pointing towards the bottom of the opposing bicycle.
18. In claim 5, all components of the OBVIAS are comprised of steel
19. In claim 5, all components of the OBVIAS are affixed to their specified locations via an arc or gas welding process.
20. In claim 5, the peg and catch are located on the vertical members by means comprised of pre drilled hole(s) through said vertical support members at the predetermined heights in which said peg or catch is slid into a vertical support member via said hole and affixed in place on both sides of a single vertical support member.
21. A grouping of units defined in claim 1 is comprised of multiple units spaced at equal intervals in a parallel fashion affixed together by a horizontal support member as defined in claim 7.
22. A predetermined height in claim 20, 12, and 15 is defined as the height at which the peg is located along the side of the respective vertical member and the measurement down from said peg to the middle of the respective catch.
23. In claim 22, the downward measurement is confined to the averaged measurement of wheelbases of the majority of road worthy bicycles comprised from the furthest point forward on the front wheel of a bicycle to the mid point of the rear axle.
24. A vertical support member as mentioned in claim 5 is defined as a length of material affixed to the top and bottom plates at the respective ends and is comprising of three holes bored through the entire width of the material as define in claim 20.
25. In claim 18, steel is comprised of structural grade steel.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2896034A CA2896034A1 (en) | 2015-07-06 | 2015-07-06 | Overlapping bicycle vertical independent amassing system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2896034A CA2896034A1 (en) | 2015-07-06 | 2015-07-06 | Overlapping bicycle vertical independent amassing system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2896034A1 true CA2896034A1 (en) | 2017-01-06 |
Family
ID=57681870
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2896034A Abandoned CA2896034A1 (en) | 2015-07-06 | 2015-07-06 | Overlapping bicycle vertical independent amassing system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2896034A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107165443A (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2017-09-15 | 刘思源 | Bicycle wall suspension arrangement |
| EP4140864A1 (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2023-03-01 | Draht Mayr GmbH | Systems and methods for bicycle storage with asymmetrical, shared individual storage spaces |
-
2015
- 2015-07-06 CA CA2896034A patent/CA2896034A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107165443A (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2017-09-15 | 刘思源 | Bicycle wall suspension arrangement |
| CN107165443B (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2019-01-22 | 刘思源 | Bicycle wall suspension arrangement |
| EP4140864A1 (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2023-03-01 | Draht Mayr GmbH | Systems and methods for bicycle storage with asymmetrical, shared individual storage spaces |
| US20230064081A1 (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2023-03-02 | Avenue Marketing Consulting, Inc. | Systems and methods for bicycle storage with asymmetrical, shared individual storage spaces |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Dead |
Effective date: 20180706 |