CA2848983C - Arc-shaped and polygonal crushing tooth arrangement in rotor crushers and roller crushers - Google Patents
Arc-shaped and polygonal crushing tooth arrangement in rotor crushers and roller crushers Download PDFInfo
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- CA2848983C CA2848983C CA2848983A CA2848983A CA2848983C CA 2848983 C CA2848983 C CA 2848983C CA 2848983 A CA2848983 A CA 2848983A CA 2848983 A CA2848983 A CA 2848983A CA 2848983 C CA2848983 C CA 2848983C
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
- B02C4/28—Details
- B02C4/30—Shape or construction of rollers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
- B02C4/02—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills with two or more rollers
- B02C4/08—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills with two or more rollers with co-operating corrugated or toothed crushing-rollers
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- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
- Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
Abstract
A crushing tooth arrangement for roller crushers or rotor crushers with improved draw-in, discharge, throughput, crushing and/or wear behavior is provided. The crushing tooth arrangement has rows of teeth of the rollers or rotors that do not have any points of discontinuity and have opposing offset angle courses in the axial direction. Forces are exerted, on the material to be crushed or bulk material fed in, which generate an axial mass flow, which homogenizes an inhomogeneous material distribution fed in along the rollers or rotors. Furthermore, a crushing tooth arrangement is provided, in which the rows of teeth each comprise at least three tooth subgroups arranged in an axially aligned manner each with at least two crushing teeth. The tooth subgroups are offset in an arrow-shaped manner and the rows of teeth are arranged opposing one another. This crushing tooth arrangement is especially suitable for crushing large chunks of material.
Description
, , ARC-SHAPED AND POLYGONAL CRUSHING TOOTH
ARRANGEMENT IN ROTOR CRUSHERS AND ROLLER
CRUSHERS
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The subject of the present invention is the arc-shaped and polygonal arrangement of crushing teeth on the periphery of rotors or rollers of rotor crushers or roller crushers (arc formation and polygonal formation). The tooth height h related to the rotor or roller outside diameter D determines whether it is a rotor crusher (wave-type crusher, sizer) with toothed rotors (h/D> 0.17) or a roller crusher with toothed rollers (h/D <0.17).
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
ARRANGEMENT IN ROTOR CRUSHERS AND ROLLER
CRUSHERS
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The subject of the present invention is the arc-shaped and polygonal arrangement of crushing teeth on the periphery of rotors or rollers of rotor crushers or roller crushers (arc formation and polygonal formation). The tooth height h related to the rotor or roller outside diameter D determines whether it is a rotor crusher (wave-type crusher, sizer) with toothed rotors (h/D> 0.17) or a roller crusher with toothed rollers (h/D <0.17).
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] Rotors and rollers equipped with teeth are used in rotor crushers and roller crushers to improve the draw-in conditions and to facilitate the crushing by means of a concentrated application of force. Of decisive importance here is the arrangement of the crushing teeth (tooth formation/crushing tooth arrangement). This arrangement has an effect on the draw-in behavior, particularly on the draw-in duration of large chunks of material, as well as on the throughput behavior, particularly the material distribution along the rotor or roller length (throughput behavior) and finally also on the discharge behavior, particularly the oversized and deformed parts in the crushed product. Furthermore, the crushing behavior, particularly the needed crushing work as well as the time course of the crushing force and thus also the tooth wear along the rotor or roller length can be influenced by the formation of the crushing teeth.
[0003] Eponymous for the tooth formation type is the shape of the connecting line of the tooth tips of a row of teeth in the rotor or roller unwinding. For the clear characterization of the formation type, at first, it must be determined which partial quantity of teeth belongs to a row of teeth, because, otherwise, any number of periodic patterns can be found. Figure 1 shows this in an example of an unwound roller with spiral tooth arrangement according to EP 0 167 178 Bl, in which besides the correct connecting line of the spiral formation (a), e.g., also those of an arrow formation (b), multispiral (c) formation or alignment formation (d) can be drawn in.
[0004] At first, it follows that the formation type depends only on the shape or slope of the axial connecting lines, and radial connecting lines as in Figure 1 (d) are not eponymous.
The connecting line may be oriented in the radial direction partly (Figure 1 a, b) or even completely (Figure 1 c), but it must extend over the entire roller length.
Furthermore, if it is assumed that the shortest and geometrically simplest axial connecting line is to be selected, variants (b) and (c) also do not apply and only the desired variant (b) remains. Thus, straight lines or polygon courses always form the shortest, but not in each case the geometrically simplest connecting line (e.g., arrow formation with curved arrow flanks according to EP 1 385 630 B1). Finally, complete equipping of the roller with teeth results from radial offset of the row of teeth defined in Figure 1 (a) by the value of the circumference pitch tu.
The connecting line may be oriented in the radial direction partly (Figure 1 a, b) or even completely (Figure 1 c), but it must extend over the entire roller length.
Furthermore, if it is assumed that the shortest and geometrically simplest axial connecting line is to be selected, variants (b) and (c) also do not apply and only the desired variant (b) remains. Thus, straight lines or polygon courses always form the shortest, but not in each case the geometrically simplest connecting line (e.g., arrow formation with curved arrow flanks according to EP 1 385 630 B1). Finally, complete equipping of the roller with teeth results from radial offset of the row of teeth defined in Figure 1 (a) by the value of the circumference pitch tu.
[0005] Thus, a row of teeth comprises all teeth in the axial direction which describe the complete equipping with teeth in the unwinding alone due to radial offset and form the shortest and geometrically simplest connecting line (= formation line).
Analogously to the row of teeth, the toothed ring is defined in the radial direction, such that the number of teeth n is the product of the number of toothed rings na and the number of rows of teeth nu.
Analogously to the row of teeth, the toothed ring is defined in the radial direction, such that the number of teeth n is the product of the number of toothed rings na and the number of rows of teeth nu.
[0006] The tooth arrangements belonging to the free or patented state of the art can be defined based on this definition. The simplest formations include the alignment formation, in which the row of teeth forms a straight line parallel to the axis of rotation of the roller or rotor body. Likewise sufficiently known are various offset formations, in which the row of teeth forms a straight line, which is not axially parallel, or a curved function.
[00071 Thus, EP 0 167 178 B1 discloses a spiral formation, in which the row of teeth forms a straight line sloped by an angle in the rotor or roller unwinding. This formation is found on the two crushing rollers of a mineral crusher, which rotate in opposite directions, between which feed material is crushed. The spiral arrangement of the one roller may run in the same direction or the opposite direction to the counter-roller. If the feed material is fed parallel to the roller axes from the side (axially parallel feed), then the opposing spiral formation leads to a directed transport from the equipped side to the opposite side of the roller. On the other hand, same-direction spiral formation brings about an undirected transport of material above the rollers. In case of axially vertical feed, where the material is above all concentrated in the roller center, the opposing spiral formation is also only still conditionally suitable, since it directs the material away from the center only in one direction and thus effectively utilizes only one roller half. In both variants of this formation, each tooth of the one roller is axially offset to its corresponding tooth on the counter-roller by ta/2 (cf. Figure 1), so that they can mesh with one another during the rotation of the rollers.
[0008] If throughput and wear behavior are essential, then a uniform material distribution should be noted above all along the complete rotor or roller length. In case of axially parallel material feed out from one rotor or roller, this can best be achieved by an opposing spiral formation, since this activates an axial transport to the opposite side and thus relieves the feed side. Axial transport actions above the rotors or rollers are brought about by offset-arranged tooth formation of rotor or roller and counter-rotor or counter-roller. While they move on one another, these form an opening angle 8 in the unwinding. In case of opposing spiral formation, this corresponds, e.g., to the doubled offset angle y (8 =
27, cf. Figure 1).
Rotor crushers or roller crushers are, however, usually equipped in an axially vertical manner, whereby depending on the dumping cross section on the feed conveyor, a different material distribution along the rotors or rollers results. An axially parallel material feed directed on one side is then less advantageous.
[0009] An arrow formation, which is also to be included in the offset formations, with which the problem of the one-sided material transport in centric, axially vertical feed shall be solved, is described in EP 1 385 630 Bl. The rollers of the multiroller crusher described in this publication are equipped with rows of teeth, which run towards the center in an arrow-shaped pattern in the roller unwinding. The opposing arrow formations of both rollers are usually offset to one another by the half axial pitch ta/2 to make possible a meshing of the teeth. The following formations are disclosed in the patent:
- formations with equal/unequal-sided arrow flanks, - formations with equally/unequally sloped arrow flanks, , - formations with straight/hollow-cone-shaped, curved arrow flanks, - formations, whose arrow tip points towards the crushing gap /
away from it.
[0010] A material transport on both sides to the roller edges is only possible in case of arrow tips pointing towards the crushing gap. Otherwise, the material moves to the rotor or roller center.
[0011] Furthermore, tooth arrangements, in which the basic formations per rows of teeth occur repeatedly, as a result of which a zigzag-shaped (multiarrow formation) or obliquely offset (multispiral formation) shape results, are known from the state of the art.
[0012] It is likewise known to combine a plurality of basic formation types with one another in each row of teeth. Thus, DE 20 2006 014 902 Ul describes a spiral-arrow formation, for example, of a single-roller crusher, in which the toothed roller interacts with an anvil and thus crushes the feed material. The arrangement principle is subsequently applied to a two-roller crusher. It is characterized in that the teeth are first combined into toothed rings in the circumferential direction. Two adjacent toothed rings of a roller are offset to one another by a defined angle and form a pair of toothed rings.
Since, besides the toothed rings of a pair of toothed rings, the pair of toothed rings of a roller are also offset axially, a spiral tooth arrangement with superimposed arrow formation forms.
, . .
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0013] A basic object of the present invention is to overcome the drawbacks of the state of the art and to optimize the draw-in, discharge, throughput, crushing and/or wear behavior of rotor crushers and roller crushers by means of improved tooth arrangements.
[0014] The object is accomplished by a crushing tooth arrangement on the periphery of both rollers or rotors of a roller crusher or rotor crusher, characterized in that the rows of teeth of the rollers or rotors have opposing offset angle courses in the axial direction, which correspond to the course of an axial mass flow needed for homogenizing an inhomogeneous material distribution along the length of the rollers or rotors (arc formation).
[0015] The axial mass flow needed for homogenizing or blending arises from the differential mass balance between the too much or too little fed material in relation to a uniform dumping cross section along the roller or rotor axis (Figure 2 A).
Thus, a doubled parabolic course over the roller or rotor length arises for a real dumping cross section, with a linear increase on both sides to a feed maximum in the roller or rotor center at L/2 (L =
roller length), and with maxima at L/4 and 3L/4 and minimum at L/2 for the material to be carried away or to be fed axially (Figure 2 B). This axial mass flow, with which a uniform material distribution along the rotor or roller length is achieved, results from the integration of the linear course of the dumping height difference between the idealized homogeneous and the real dumping cross section (Figure 2 A, B).
, =
[0016] Axial feed forces, which are generated in rotating rollers or rotors by means of tooth tips of tooth arrangements with an offset angle y > 0, are necessary for generating this axial mass flow. The amount of this feed force depends on sin(y) and since sin(y) =
y applies to small angles, a proportional connection arises between offset angle y and axial feed force or speed. As a result of this, the offset angle course needed for homogenizing corresponds to the course of the axial mass flow needed for homogenizing (Figure 2 B). A
directed movement results from the axial feed forces generated in each case only with an opposing arrangement of the rows of teeth of both rollers or rotors.
[0017] Since the slopes of a row of teeth of both rollers or rotors correspond precisely to the offset angle, its course can be determined directly by means of integration of the offset angle course or of the course from axial mass flow (Figure 2 B). For the nonuniform dumping cross section with a linear slope on both sides to the feed maximum at L/2 (Figure 2 A), arc-shaped rows of teeth are thus needed for homogenizing (Figure 2 C).
For integration, the offset angle course must be continuous at least in sections (cf. Figure 2, B).
As a result, the resulting formation line of the crushing teeth can be continuously differentiated along the entire axial extension of the roller.
[0018] A random, unequal material feed, provided it is known, can thus be homogenized along the rollers or rotors, respectively, by means of the crushing tooth arrangement. Such a blending along the rotors or rollers is meaningful, since tooth wear in the roller center can thus be reduced and thus a longer service life of the roller or of the rotor can be achieved. In addition, the material flow is increased in the edges, in which the flow is low, and consequently, a higher throughput is made possible.
[00071 Thus, EP 0 167 178 B1 discloses a spiral formation, in which the row of teeth forms a straight line sloped by an angle in the rotor or roller unwinding. This formation is found on the two crushing rollers of a mineral crusher, which rotate in opposite directions, between which feed material is crushed. The spiral arrangement of the one roller may run in the same direction or the opposite direction to the counter-roller. If the feed material is fed parallel to the roller axes from the side (axially parallel feed), then the opposing spiral formation leads to a directed transport from the equipped side to the opposite side of the roller. On the other hand, same-direction spiral formation brings about an undirected transport of material above the rollers. In case of axially vertical feed, where the material is above all concentrated in the roller center, the opposing spiral formation is also only still conditionally suitable, since it directs the material away from the center only in one direction and thus effectively utilizes only one roller half. In both variants of this formation, each tooth of the one roller is axially offset to its corresponding tooth on the counter-roller by ta/2 (cf. Figure 1), so that they can mesh with one another during the rotation of the rollers.
[0008] If throughput and wear behavior are essential, then a uniform material distribution should be noted above all along the complete rotor or roller length. In case of axially parallel material feed out from one rotor or roller, this can best be achieved by an opposing spiral formation, since this activates an axial transport to the opposite side and thus relieves the feed side. Axial transport actions above the rotors or rollers are brought about by offset-arranged tooth formation of rotor or roller and counter-rotor or counter-roller. While they move on one another, these form an opening angle 8 in the unwinding. In case of opposing spiral formation, this corresponds, e.g., to the doubled offset angle y (8 =
27, cf. Figure 1).
Rotor crushers or roller crushers are, however, usually equipped in an axially vertical manner, whereby depending on the dumping cross section on the feed conveyor, a different material distribution along the rotors or rollers results. An axially parallel material feed directed on one side is then less advantageous.
[0009] An arrow formation, which is also to be included in the offset formations, with which the problem of the one-sided material transport in centric, axially vertical feed shall be solved, is described in EP 1 385 630 Bl. The rollers of the multiroller crusher described in this publication are equipped with rows of teeth, which run towards the center in an arrow-shaped pattern in the roller unwinding. The opposing arrow formations of both rollers are usually offset to one another by the half axial pitch ta/2 to make possible a meshing of the teeth. The following formations are disclosed in the patent:
- formations with equal/unequal-sided arrow flanks, - formations with equally/unequally sloped arrow flanks, , - formations with straight/hollow-cone-shaped, curved arrow flanks, - formations, whose arrow tip points towards the crushing gap /
away from it.
[0010] A material transport on both sides to the roller edges is only possible in case of arrow tips pointing towards the crushing gap. Otherwise, the material moves to the rotor or roller center.
[0011] Furthermore, tooth arrangements, in which the basic formations per rows of teeth occur repeatedly, as a result of which a zigzag-shaped (multiarrow formation) or obliquely offset (multispiral formation) shape results, are known from the state of the art.
[0012] It is likewise known to combine a plurality of basic formation types with one another in each row of teeth. Thus, DE 20 2006 014 902 Ul describes a spiral-arrow formation, for example, of a single-roller crusher, in which the toothed roller interacts with an anvil and thus crushes the feed material. The arrangement principle is subsequently applied to a two-roller crusher. It is characterized in that the teeth are first combined into toothed rings in the circumferential direction. Two adjacent toothed rings of a roller are offset to one another by a defined angle and form a pair of toothed rings.
Since, besides the toothed rings of a pair of toothed rings, the pair of toothed rings of a roller are also offset axially, a spiral tooth arrangement with superimposed arrow formation forms.
, . .
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0013] A basic object of the present invention is to overcome the drawbacks of the state of the art and to optimize the draw-in, discharge, throughput, crushing and/or wear behavior of rotor crushers and roller crushers by means of improved tooth arrangements.
[0014] The object is accomplished by a crushing tooth arrangement on the periphery of both rollers or rotors of a roller crusher or rotor crusher, characterized in that the rows of teeth of the rollers or rotors have opposing offset angle courses in the axial direction, which correspond to the course of an axial mass flow needed for homogenizing an inhomogeneous material distribution along the length of the rollers or rotors (arc formation).
[0015] The axial mass flow needed for homogenizing or blending arises from the differential mass balance between the too much or too little fed material in relation to a uniform dumping cross section along the roller or rotor axis (Figure 2 A).
Thus, a doubled parabolic course over the roller or rotor length arises for a real dumping cross section, with a linear increase on both sides to a feed maximum in the roller or rotor center at L/2 (L =
roller length), and with maxima at L/4 and 3L/4 and minimum at L/2 for the material to be carried away or to be fed axially (Figure 2 B). This axial mass flow, with which a uniform material distribution along the rotor or roller length is achieved, results from the integration of the linear course of the dumping height difference between the idealized homogeneous and the real dumping cross section (Figure 2 A, B).
, =
[0016] Axial feed forces, which are generated in rotating rollers or rotors by means of tooth tips of tooth arrangements with an offset angle y > 0, are necessary for generating this axial mass flow. The amount of this feed force depends on sin(y) and since sin(y) =
y applies to small angles, a proportional connection arises between offset angle y and axial feed force or speed. As a result of this, the offset angle course needed for homogenizing corresponds to the course of the axial mass flow needed for homogenizing (Figure 2 B). A
directed movement results from the axial feed forces generated in each case only with an opposing arrangement of the rows of teeth of both rollers or rotors.
[0017] Since the slopes of a row of teeth of both rollers or rotors correspond precisely to the offset angle, its course can be determined directly by means of integration of the offset angle course or of the course from axial mass flow (Figure 2 B). For the nonuniform dumping cross section with a linear slope on both sides to the feed maximum at L/2 (Figure 2 A), arc-shaped rows of teeth are thus needed for homogenizing (Figure 2 C).
For integration, the offset angle course must be continuous at least in sections (cf. Figure 2, B).
As a result, the resulting formation line of the crushing teeth can be continuously differentiated along the entire axial extension of the roller.
[0018] A random, unequal material feed, provided it is known, can thus be homogenized along the rollers or rotors, respectively, by means of the crushing tooth arrangement. Such a blending along the rotors or rollers is meaningful, since tooth wear in the roller center can thus be reduced and thus a longer service life of the roller or of the rotor can be achieved. In addition, the material flow is increased in the edges, in which the flow is low, and consequently, a higher throughput is made possible.
7 , .
[0019] Each tooth of the one roller is axially offset to its corresponding tooth on the counter-roller, so that they can mesh with one another during the rotating of the rollers.
[0020] With the crushing tooth arrangement according to the present invention it is advantageously ensured that the rotor or roller teeth are uniformly centered, which increases both the service life of the teeth and the throughput of the rotor crusher or roller crusher.
[0021] Furthermore, the wide versatility of the arc formation, which can be used for any conditions of tooth height h to tooth tip diameter D, i.e., both in rotor crushers with toothed rotors (h/D> 0.17) and in roller crushers with toothed rollers (h/D <0.17), is advantageous.
Arc formations can, in addition, advantageously be formed from any number of rows of teeth nu and toothed rings na, which have any, especially not only equal distances from one another. In addition, arc formations can also be used for any rotor and roller active pairing, e.g., from a rotor and a roller or two or more rotors and rollers with any tooth formation in relation to the active partner.
[0022] Furthermore, the subject of the present invention is a crushing tooth arrangement on the periphery of both rollers or rotors of a roller crusher or rotor crusher, characterized in that the rows of teeth of the rollers or rotors consist of tooth subgroups, which are arranged axially aligned, with at least two teeth, which are offset in an arrow-shaped manner and are arranged opposing one another. Here, according to the present invention, each tooth is offset axially to its corresponding tooth on the counter-roller, so that they can mesh with one another during the rotation of the rollers (polygonal formation).
[0019] Each tooth of the one roller is axially offset to its corresponding tooth on the counter-roller, so that they can mesh with one another during the rotating of the rollers.
[0020] With the crushing tooth arrangement according to the present invention it is advantageously ensured that the rotor or roller teeth are uniformly centered, which increases both the service life of the teeth and the throughput of the rotor crusher or roller crusher.
[0021] Furthermore, the wide versatility of the arc formation, which can be used for any conditions of tooth height h to tooth tip diameter D, i.e., both in rotor crushers with toothed rotors (h/D> 0.17) and in roller crushers with toothed rollers (h/D <0.17), is advantageous.
Arc formations can, in addition, advantageously be formed from any number of rows of teeth nu and toothed rings na, which have any, especially not only equal distances from one another. In addition, arc formations can also be used for any rotor and roller active pairing, e.g., from a rotor and a roller or two or more rotors and rollers with any tooth formation in relation to the active partner.
[0022] Furthermore, the subject of the present invention is a crushing tooth arrangement on the periphery of both rollers or rotors of a roller crusher or rotor crusher, characterized in that the rows of teeth of the rollers or rotors consist of tooth subgroups, which are arranged axially aligned, with at least two teeth, which are offset in an arrow-shaped manner and are arranged opposing one another. Here, according to the present invention, each tooth is offset axially to its corresponding tooth on the counter-roller, so that they can mesh with one another during the rotation of the rollers (polygonal formation).
8 , [0023] The rows of teeth here are each formed from at least three tooth subgroups, whereby the simplest arrow-shaped offset arrangement is that the outer tooth subgroups in the roller or rotor unwinding in the axial direction are positioned closer in the direction of the crushing gap than the center tooth subgroup. If the row of teeth consists of more than three tooth subgroups, the axially outermost tooth subgroups in the roller or rotor unwinding in each case are positioned in the radial direction closest to the crushing gap.
This radial distance then increases tooth subgroup for tooth subgroup, whereby the tooth subgroup forming an "arrow tip" in the roller or rotor unwinding has the greatest distance to the crushing gap. If the row of teeth of this "arrow tip" has the same offset angle on both sides in the direction of the next tooth subgroups, corresponding tooth subgroups in the "arrow flanks" each occupy the same radial positions.
[0024] A rotor or roller pairing with these crushing tooth arrangements with the rows of teeth arranged in opposite directions advantageously forms a polygonal crushing space for penetrating and crushing large chunks of material in the unwinding (cf. Figure 6, B).
Because of the dependence of the draw-in behavior on the primary crushing space forming between the teeth above the rotors or rollers, this crushing tooth arrangement brings about an optimized draw-in behavior, especially for large and hard chunks. In addition, a more uniform load can be achieved during crushing, since fewer teeth mesh at the same time.
Furthermore, the polygonal formation according to the present invention advantageously reduces the risk of blockage during the crushing operation because of the offset of the tooth subgroups.
This radial distance then increases tooth subgroup for tooth subgroup, whereby the tooth subgroup forming an "arrow tip" in the roller or rotor unwinding has the greatest distance to the crushing gap. If the row of teeth of this "arrow tip" has the same offset angle on both sides in the direction of the next tooth subgroups, corresponding tooth subgroups in the "arrow flanks" each occupy the same radial positions.
[0024] A rotor or roller pairing with these crushing tooth arrangements with the rows of teeth arranged in opposite directions advantageously forms a polygonal crushing space for penetrating and crushing large chunks of material in the unwinding (cf. Figure 6, B).
Because of the dependence of the draw-in behavior on the primary crushing space forming between the teeth above the rotors or rollers, this crushing tooth arrangement brings about an optimized draw-in behavior, especially for large and hard chunks. In addition, a more uniform load can be achieved during crushing, since fewer teeth mesh at the same time.
Furthermore, the polygonal formation according to the present invention advantageously reduces the risk of blockage during the crushing operation because of the offset of the tooth subgroups.
9 [0025] In a preferred embodiment of the polygonal formation, the row of teeth from the "arrow tip" has different offset angles in the direction of the next tooth subgroups or between two corresponding tooth subgroups of both "arrow flanks" (cf. Figure 7, A). Then, corresponding tooth subgroups in both arrow flanks of a row of teeth occupy different radial positions in each case. Consequently, it is advantageously prevented that elongated oversize uncrushed between the rows of teeth slips through. Furthermore, consequently, the number of teeth meshing with the material to be crushed at the same time can advantageously be further reduced.
[0026] In a preferred embodiment of the crushing tooth arrangement, the tooth subgroups are pairs of teeth or a set of three teeth. Also preferably, the number of crushing teeth between the individual tooth subgroups varies. Consequently, even complicated polygonal crushing spaces can be formed, which can be advantageously adapted to a crushing picture frequently occurring in a certain type of rock.
[0027] A polygonal formation, in which the rows of teeth have multiple tooth subgroups offset to one another in an arrow-shaped manner, is also preferred.
Consequently, a plurality of crushing zones can advantageously be created along the roller or rotor length (cf. Figure 8, A).
[0028] The polygonal formations according to the present invention are advantageously widely versatile, especially for any conditions of tooth height h to tooth tip diameter D, i.e., both in rotor crushers with toothed rotors (h/D> 0.17) and in roller crushers with toothed rollers (h/D < 0.17), for any number of rows of teeth nu and toothed rings nu, which have any, especially not only equal, distances from one another and for any rotor or roller active pairings from a rotor and a roller or two or more rotors and rollers with tooth formation in relation to the active partner.
[0029] The present invention is explained in detail below based on a plurality of exemplary embodiments as well as figures without being limited to these examples. The various features of novelty which characterize the invention are pointed out with particularity in the claims annexed to and forming part of this disclosure. For a better understanding of the invention, its operating advantages and specific objects attained by its uses, reference is made to the accompanying drawings and descriptive manner in which preferred embodiments of the invention are illustrated.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0030] In the drawings, [0031] Figure 1 shows the roller unwinding of a roller with plotted spiral formation (a), arrow formation (b), multispiral formation (c) or "alignment formation" (d), as well as offset angle 7, circumference pitch tu and axial pitch ta, [0032] Figure 2 (A) shows the dumping height of an idealized (5) as well as of a real (6) dumping cross section plotted against the roller or feeder width under a dumping angle with a dumping height maximum at L/2; (B) shows the axial mass flow plotted against the roller width for blending or homogenizing the idealized (7) as well as the real (8) dumping cross section; (C) shows the roller unwinding with the row of teeth needed for homogenizing the idealized dumping cross section with alignment formation (9) as well as the row of teeth needed for homogenizing the real dumping cross section with arc formation
[0026] In a preferred embodiment of the crushing tooth arrangement, the tooth subgroups are pairs of teeth or a set of three teeth. Also preferably, the number of crushing teeth between the individual tooth subgroups varies. Consequently, even complicated polygonal crushing spaces can be formed, which can be advantageously adapted to a crushing picture frequently occurring in a certain type of rock.
[0027] A polygonal formation, in which the rows of teeth have multiple tooth subgroups offset to one another in an arrow-shaped manner, is also preferred.
Consequently, a plurality of crushing zones can advantageously be created along the roller or rotor length (cf. Figure 8, A).
[0028] The polygonal formations according to the present invention are advantageously widely versatile, especially for any conditions of tooth height h to tooth tip diameter D, i.e., both in rotor crushers with toothed rotors (h/D> 0.17) and in roller crushers with toothed rollers (h/D < 0.17), for any number of rows of teeth nu and toothed rings nu, which have any, especially not only equal, distances from one another and for any rotor or roller active pairings from a rotor and a roller or two or more rotors and rollers with tooth formation in relation to the active partner.
[0029] The present invention is explained in detail below based on a plurality of exemplary embodiments as well as figures without being limited to these examples. The various features of novelty which characterize the invention are pointed out with particularity in the claims annexed to and forming part of this disclosure. For a better understanding of the invention, its operating advantages and specific objects attained by its uses, reference is made to the accompanying drawings and descriptive manner in which preferred embodiments of the invention are illustrated.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0030] In the drawings, [0031] Figure 1 shows the roller unwinding of a roller with plotted spiral formation (a), arrow formation (b), multispiral formation (c) or "alignment formation" (d), as well as offset angle 7, circumference pitch tu and axial pitch ta, [0032] Figure 2 (A) shows the dumping height of an idealized (5) as well as of a real (6) dumping cross section plotted against the roller or feeder width under a dumping angle with a dumping height maximum at L/2; (B) shows the axial mass flow plotted against the roller width for blending or homogenizing the idealized (7) as well as the real (8) dumping cross section; (C) shows the roller unwinding with the row of teeth needed for homogenizing the idealized dumping cross section with alignment formation (9) as well as the row of teeth needed for homogenizing the real dumping cross section with arc formation
(10);
[0033] Figure 3 shows an isometric 3D view of a roller (A) as well as the related roller unwinding of an arc formation (10) (B);
[0034] Figure 4 shows an arc formation with formation lines of a polynomial function of second (A) and third (B) order;
[0035] Figure 5 shows the roller unwindings of a decentering (A) and of a centering arc formation (B);
[0036] Figure 6 shows an isometric 3D view of a roller (A) as well as the related roller unwinding with polygonal formation (11) (B);
[0037] Figure 7 shows the roller unwindings of a polygonal formation with unequal (A) and equal (B) offset angle between the tooth subgroups; and [0038] Figure 8 shows the roller unwinding of a multipolygonal formation with two crushing spaces (A) and a polygonal formation with various tooth subgroups (B).
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0039] A crushing roller with an arc formation 10 according to the present invention is shown in Figure 3 in a 3D view in cavalier projection as well as in a roller unwinding.
[0040] The arc formations shown as examples in Figure 4 include an arc formation with formation lines of a polynomial function of second (A) and third (B) order.
Advantageously, the arc formations can be shown by polynomial functions of any order, since these can always be continuously differentiated and rule out points of discontinuity, as they occur in case of the arrow formation at the arrow tip.
[0041] Figure 5 shows arc formations with decentering (A) or centering (B) arc segments, which point towards the crushing gap or away from it. In case of arcs pointing in the direction of the crushing gap, the material is conducted to the rotor/roller wall (decentering) and otherwise to the center (centering).
[0042] It is also possible to connect in series a plurality of arc formations in a multiarc formation within a row of teeth in a wave-like manner.
[0043] A crushing roller with a polygonal formation 11 according to the present invention with a polygon-shaped crushing space 12 is shown in Figure 6 in an isometric 3D view as well as in a roller unwinding.
[0044] The polygonal formations shown as examples, furthermore, in Figure 7 include those with equal (Figure 7 B) and unequal (Figure 7 A) offset angle between the tooth subgroups as well as polygonal formation with two 4 (Figures 7, 8) and three 13 (Figures 6, 8) teeth per tooth subgroup. The number of teeth per tooth subgroup can, in addition, vary within a rotor or a roller or in relation to the counter-rotor or to the counter-roller (Figure 8, B). Finally, it is also possible that a plurality of polygonal formations are series connected (multipolygonal formation) within a row of teeth and consequently form a plurality of crushing spaces 12 (Figure 8, A).
[0045] While specific embodiments of the invention have been shown and described in detail to illustrate the application of the principles of the invention, it will be understood that the invention may be embodied otherwise without departing from such principles.
List of Reference Numbers 1 Row of teeth 2 Toothed ring 3 Crushing tooth (tip) 4 Pair of teeth 5 Idealized dumping cross section 6 Real dumping cross section under a dumping angle 7 Axial mass flow needed for homogenizing the idealized dumping cross section 8 Axial mass flow or offset angle course needed for homogenizing the real dumping cross section 9 Row of teeth needed for homogenizing the idealized dumping cross section (corresponds to alignment formation) 10 Row of teeth needed for homogenizing the real dumping cross section (corresponds to arc formation)
[0033] Figure 3 shows an isometric 3D view of a roller (A) as well as the related roller unwinding of an arc formation (10) (B);
[0034] Figure 4 shows an arc formation with formation lines of a polynomial function of second (A) and third (B) order;
[0035] Figure 5 shows the roller unwindings of a decentering (A) and of a centering arc formation (B);
[0036] Figure 6 shows an isometric 3D view of a roller (A) as well as the related roller unwinding with polygonal formation (11) (B);
[0037] Figure 7 shows the roller unwindings of a polygonal formation with unequal (A) and equal (B) offset angle between the tooth subgroups; and [0038] Figure 8 shows the roller unwinding of a multipolygonal formation with two crushing spaces (A) and a polygonal formation with various tooth subgroups (B).
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0039] A crushing roller with an arc formation 10 according to the present invention is shown in Figure 3 in a 3D view in cavalier projection as well as in a roller unwinding.
[0040] The arc formations shown as examples in Figure 4 include an arc formation with formation lines of a polynomial function of second (A) and third (B) order.
Advantageously, the arc formations can be shown by polynomial functions of any order, since these can always be continuously differentiated and rule out points of discontinuity, as they occur in case of the arrow formation at the arrow tip.
[0041] Figure 5 shows arc formations with decentering (A) or centering (B) arc segments, which point towards the crushing gap or away from it. In case of arcs pointing in the direction of the crushing gap, the material is conducted to the rotor/roller wall (decentering) and otherwise to the center (centering).
[0042] It is also possible to connect in series a plurality of arc formations in a multiarc formation within a row of teeth in a wave-like manner.
[0043] A crushing roller with a polygonal formation 11 according to the present invention with a polygon-shaped crushing space 12 is shown in Figure 6 in an isometric 3D view as well as in a roller unwinding.
[0044] The polygonal formations shown as examples, furthermore, in Figure 7 include those with equal (Figure 7 B) and unequal (Figure 7 A) offset angle between the tooth subgroups as well as polygonal formation with two 4 (Figures 7, 8) and three 13 (Figures 6, 8) teeth per tooth subgroup. The number of teeth per tooth subgroup can, in addition, vary within a rotor or a roller or in relation to the counter-rotor or to the counter-roller (Figure 8, B). Finally, it is also possible that a plurality of polygonal formations are series connected (multipolygonal formation) within a row of teeth and consequently form a plurality of crushing spaces 12 (Figure 8, A).
[0045] While specific embodiments of the invention have been shown and described in detail to illustrate the application of the principles of the invention, it will be understood that the invention may be embodied otherwise without departing from such principles.
List of Reference Numbers 1 Row of teeth 2 Toothed ring 3 Crushing tooth (tip) 4 Pair of teeth 5 Idealized dumping cross section 6 Real dumping cross section under a dumping angle 7 Axial mass flow needed for homogenizing the idealized dumping cross section 8 Axial mass flow or offset angle course needed for homogenizing the real dumping cross section 9 Row of teeth needed for homogenizing the idealized dumping cross section (corresponds to alignment formation) 10 Row of teeth needed for homogenizing the real dumping cross section (corresponds to arc formation)
11 Polygonal formation
12 Polygon-shaped primary crushing space
13 Tooth triple
Claims (6)
1. A crushing tooth arrangement on the periphery of both rollers or rotors of a roller crusher or rotor crusher having a crushing gap therebetween, wherein the rows of teeth of the rollers or rotors each consist of at least three tooth subgroups axially arranged with each tooth subgroup having at least two crushing teeth, whereby the tooth subgroups are offset in an arrow-shaped manner and the outer tooth subgroups in the axial direction on one of the rollers or rotors and on the other roller or rotor are positioned closer to the crushing gap than the center tooth subgroup forming an arrow tip on one of the rollers or rotors and on the other roller or rotor.
2. The crushing tooth arrangement in accordance with claim 1, wherein the tooth subgroups are arranged with different offset angles to one another.
3. The crushing tooth arrangement in accordance with claim 1 or 2, wherein the tooth subgroups are pairs of teeth, tooth triples or a combination thereof.
4. The crushing tooth arrangement in accordance with any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the number of crushing teeth between the tooth subgroups varies.
5. The crushing tooth arrangement in accordance with any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the row of teeth is formed from three tooth subgroups.
6. The crushing tooth arrangement in accordance with any one of the claims 1 to 4, wherein the rows of teeth have a plurality of tooth subgroups offset to one another in an arrow-shaped manner.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2977474A CA2977474C (en) | 2013-04-10 | 2014-04-10 | Arc-shaped and polygonal crushing tooth arrangement in rotor crushers and roller crushers |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102013206341.5 | 2013-04-10 | ||
| DE102013206341.5A DE102013206341B4 (en) | 2013-04-10 | 2013-04-10 | Arched and polygonal crushing tooth arrangement in rotor and roll crushers |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2977474A Division CA2977474C (en) | 2013-04-10 | 2014-04-10 | Arc-shaped and polygonal crushing tooth arrangement in rotor crushers and roller crushers |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2848983A1 CA2848983A1 (en) | 2014-10-10 |
| CA2848983C true CA2848983C (en) | 2017-10-10 |
Family
ID=51618317
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2848983A Active CA2848983C (en) | 2013-04-10 | 2014-04-10 | Arc-shaped and polygonal crushing tooth arrangement in rotor crushers and roller crushers |
| CA2977474A Active CA2977474C (en) | 2013-04-10 | 2014-04-10 | Arc-shaped and polygonal crushing tooth arrangement in rotor crushers and roller crushers |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2977474A Active CA2977474C (en) | 2013-04-10 | 2014-04-10 | Arc-shaped and polygonal crushing tooth arrangement in rotor crushers and roller crushers |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN104117402B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2014202037A1 (en) |
| CA (2) | CA2848983C (en) |
| CL (1) | CL2014000901A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102013206341B4 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106475180A (en) | 2015-08-31 | 2017-03-08 | 川崎重工业株式会社 | The kibbler roll of cooling device |
| CN109225439A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-01-18 | 眉县金信机械制造有限公司 | The low noise dust suppression type double-geared roller crusher of the advantageous unified allocation of materials to lower units |
| IT202100020906A1 (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2023-02-03 | Simex Eng S R L | CRUSHER BUCKET |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR421323A (en) * | 1910-10-06 | 1911-02-20 | Gustave Devos | Sprayer for impalpable materials and powders without sieve |
| US1219927A (en) * | 1916-02-02 | 1917-03-20 | Laurent G G Dibbets | Crushing-roll. |
| DE2702177A1 (en) * | 1977-01-20 | 1978-07-27 | Kloeckner Gmbh & Co Geb | Waste material pulverising rollers - rotating in opposite directions at different speeds and having hard metal tipped teeth |
| AU561740B2 (en) | 1981-12-19 | 1987-05-14 | Mmd Design And Consultancy Ltd. | Mineral sizers |
| US5320293A (en) * | 1992-02-13 | 1994-06-14 | Cimp S.A. | Rotary grinder exploying blades |
| DE10120765A1 (en) | 2001-04-27 | 2002-10-31 | Krupp Foerdertechnik Gmbh | More roll crusher |
| CN2576328Y (en) * | 2002-10-21 | 2003-10-01 | 青岛三信精密机械有限公司 | Double-roll shaft of food disintegrator |
| DE202006014902U1 (en) | 2006-09-28 | 2008-02-07 | ThyssenKrupp Fördertechnik GmbH | roll crusher |
| GB0817132D0 (en) * | 2008-09-19 | 2008-10-29 | Mmd Design & Consult | Mineral Sizer |
| CN202096976U (en) * | 2011-04-02 | 2012-01-04 | 中冶建筑研究总院有限公司 | Crushing roller for treating steel slag |
| CN202155216U (en) * | 2011-07-01 | 2012-03-07 | 河北钢铁集团矿业有限公司 | Improved roller of high-pressure roller mill |
| CN202655061U (en) * | 2012-02-16 | 2013-01-09 | 四川皇龙智能破碎技术股份有限公司 | Double-teeth roll type sieving crusher |
-
2013
- 2013-04-10 DE DE102013206341.5A patent/DE102013206341B4/en active Active
-
2014
- 2014-04-10 CN CN201410143865.3A patent/CN104117402B/en active Active
- 2014-04-10 CA CA2848983A patent/CA2848983C/en active Active
- 2014-04-10 CA CA2977474A patent/CA2977474C/en active Active
- 2014-04-10 CL CL2014000901A patent/CL2014000901A1/en unknown
- 2014-04-10 AU AU2014202037A patent/AU2014202037A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2014202037A1 (en) | 2014-10-30 |
| CN104117402B (en) | 2017-09-05 |
| DE102013206341B4 (en) | 2017-12-21 |
| BR102014008721A2 (en) | 2016-01-05 |
| CN104117402A (en) | 2014-10-29 |
| CL2014000901A1 (en) | 2014-08-29 |
| CA2848983A1 (en) | 2014-10-10 |
| DE102013206341A1 (en) | 2014-10-16 |
| CA2977474C (en) | 2019-05-21 |
| CA2977474A1 (en) | 2014-10-10 |
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