CA2821023A1 - Recovery of metals from complex minerals - Google Patents
Recovery of metals from complex minerals Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2821023A1 CA2821023A1 CA 2821023 CA2821023A CA2821023A1 CA 2821023 A1 CA2821023 A1 CA 2821023A1 CA 2821023 CA2821023 CA 2821023 CA 2821023 A CA2821023 A CA 2821023A CA 2821023 A1 CA2821023 A1 CA 2821023A1
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- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- lixiviant
- oxidative
- sulphide
- silver
- copper
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/04—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
- C22B3/06—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching in inorganic acid solutions, e.g. with acids generated in situ; in inorganic salt solutions other than ammonium salt solutions
- C22B3/10—Hydrochloric acid, other halogenated acids or salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/04—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
- C22B3/06—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching in inorganic acid solutions, e.g. with acids generated in situ; in inorganic salt solutions other than ammonium salt solutions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
- C22B3/44—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by chemical processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
- C22B3/44—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by chemical processes
- C22B3/46—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by chemical processes by substitution, e.g. by cementation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
A novel method of recovering select group of transition and precious metals from complex sulphidic mineral, their oxidized forms, concentrates or sludge is disclosed herein. The process involves simultaneous oxidation and dissolution of the target metals with a single reagent which acts both as an oxidant and lixiviant concurrently. The dissolved metals are selectively recovered as metals or metal compounds. The oxidative lixiviant is regenerated for further leaching.
Description
RECOVERY OF METALS FROM COMPLEX MINERALS
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Silver, copper, gold, lead, zinc, cobalt, nickel etc. are generally extracted from their sulphide ores which are uniquely characterized by their physico-chemical characteristics and form the core of some of the essential commodities for a wide range of applications.
All of these metals are generally very good conductors of electricity.
This invention deals with a leaching and recovery of silver, copper, gold, zinc, lead, cobalt and nickel from their composite minerals form, which are either in the form of complex metal containing sulphidic minerals, or in the form of sulphide concentrates, oxidized forms e.g., oxides, hydroxides, silicates, carbonates, in-situ or ex-situ in an economic and environmentally friendly manner. All forms of mineral but sulphides are termed as oxidized form of the mineral.
Copper is the third most common metal in use, trailing only iron and aluminium. Copper sulphides, in naturally occurring mineral deposits, are normally found in association with sulphides of iron, nickel, lead, zinc and molybdemum and often contain traces of silver and gold. Chalcopyrite is one of the most common ores from which it is extracted.
Copper finds its wide-ranging applications in electrical wires, roofing and plumbing and industrial machinery.
Conventional extractive metallurgical processes generally involve grinding the ore, froth flotation (which selectively separates minerals from gangue by taking advantage of differences in hydrophobicity) to get an ore concentrate, roasting and reduction with carbon or electrowinning. However, such treatment often entails expensive mining and beneficiation process steps to concentrate the sulphides. In addition, the production of copper employing the known technology from sulphidic copper ores produces large amounts of sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide and cadmium vapor. Smelter slag and other residues of process also contain significant amounts of heavy metals. Further, strict adherence to environmental regulations governing mining operations may substantially increase the cost of recovering copper from its ores by conventional processes.
The hydrometallurgical processes of this invention to recover metals from their respective sulphide minerals employ either air or oxygen as oxidants to convert sulphidic mineral to their oxidized forms followed by the dissolution of oxidized mineral to recover target metals. However, because of the limited solubility of oxygen or air in aqueous system, the time taken to oxidize the minerals for leaching becomes excessively burdensome for commercial deployment of the process. Further, high pressure and temperature requirement to increase oxygen supply adds to the existing cost of the overall recovery process. This invention deals with the utilization of a single chemical reagent for rapid oxidation and dissolution of the mineral simultaneously, providing an economic route for the commercialization of this technology. The oxidative dissolution reagent is electrochemically regenerated for further leaching. As a result, the overall process runs as a closed-loop operation.
A patent search revealed alkaline leaching approach to recover metals. Anthony G.
Fonseca in United States Patent 3,967,957 describe use aqueous ammonia oxidative leach and recovery of metal values. Kenneth et al in the United States Patent 5,308,381 describe ammonia extraction of gold and silver from ores and other materials.
Neither of these methods suggest the recovery process of the present invention.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
A new hydrometallurgical method has been found for dissolution of silver, copper, gold, zinc, lead, cobalt and nickel from complex sulphidic minerals or their respective oxidized forms.
The invention comprises a process for leaching of the metals from mixtures and ores containing at least one of silver sulphide, copper sulphide, gold sulphide, zinc sulphide, lead sulphide, cobalt sulphide and nickel sulphide or their oxidized forms comprising:
a. contacting the mixture or ore with an aqueous oxidative lixiviant selected to oxidize the sulphur present in sulphides only to elemental sulphur;
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Silver, copper, gold, lead, zinc, cobalt, nickel etc. are generally extracted from their sulphide ores which are uniquely characterized by their physico-chemical characteristics and form the core of some of the essential commodities for a wide range of applications.
All of these metals are generally very good conductors of electricity.
This invention deals with a leaching and recovery of silver, copper, gold, zinc, lead, cobalt and nickel from their composite minerals form, which are either in the form of complex metal containing sulphidic minerals, or in the form of sulphide concentrates, oxidized forms e.g., oxides, hydroxides, silicates, carbonates, in-situ or ex-situ in an economic and environmentally friendly manner. All forms of mineral but sulphides are termed as oxidized form of the mineral.
Copper is the third most common metal in use, trailing only iron and aluminium. Copper sulphides, in naturally occurring mineral deposits, are normally found in association with sulphides of iron, nickel, lead, zinc and molybdemum and often contain traces of silver and gold. Chalcopyrite is one of the most common ores from which it is extracted.
Copper finds its wide-ranging applications in electrical wires, roofing and plumbing and industrial machinery.
Conventional extractive metallurgical processes generally involve grinding the ore, froth flotation (which selectively separates minerals from gangue by taking advantage of differences in hydrophobicity) to get an ore concentrate, roasting and reduction with carbon or electrowinning. However, such treatment often entails expensive mining and beneficiation process steps to concentrate the sulphides. In addition, the production of copper employing the known technology from sulphidic copper ores produces large amounts of sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide and cadmium vapor. Smelter slag and other residues of process also contain significant amounts of heavy metals. Further, strict adherence to environmental regulations governing mining operations may substantially increase the cost of recovering copper from its ores by conventional processes.
The hydrometallurgical processes of this invention to recover metals from their respective sulphide minerals employ either air or oxygen as oxidants to convert sulphidic mineral to their oxidized forms followed by the dissolution of oxidized mineral to recover target metals. However, because of the limited solubility of oxygen or air in aqueous system, the time taken to oxidize the minerals for leaching becomes excessively burdensome for commercial deployment of the process. Further, high pressure and temperature requirement to increase oxygen supply adds to the existing cost of the overall recovery process. This invention deals with the utilization of a single chemical reagent for rapid oxidation and dissolution of the mineral simultaneously, providing an economic route for the commercialization of this technology. The oxidative dissolution reagent is electrochemically regenerated for further leaching. As a result, the overall process runs as a closed-loop operation.
A patent search revealed alkaline leaching approach to recover metals. Anthony G.
Fonseca in United States Patent 3,967,957 describe use aqueous ammonia oxidative leach and recovery of metal values. Kenneth et al in the United States Patent 5,308,381 describe ammonia extraction of gold and silver from ores and other materials.
Neither of these methods suggest the recovery process of the present invention.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
A new hydrometallurgical method has been found for dissolution of silver, copper, gold, zinc, lead, cobalt and nickel from complex sulphidic minerals or their respective oxidized forms.
The invention comprises a process for leaching of the metals from mixtures and ores containing at least one of silver sulphide, copper sulphide, gold sulphide, zinc sulphide, lead sulphide, cobalt sulphide and nickel sulphide or their oxidized forms comprising:
a. contacting the mixture or ore with an aqueous oxidative lixiviant selected to oxidize the sulphur present in sulphides only to elemental sulphur;
b. extending the contact time between oxidative lixiviant and solids to give the desired metals recovery in the leachate while maintaining operative reagent concentrations;
c. separating the desired leachate from the residual solids;
d. recovering metals from the leachate; and e. regenerating the oxidative lixiviant used in the process.
The oxidative lixiviant may be selected from the group consisting of a water-soluble perchlorate and a water-soluble hypochlorite.
Preferably the oxidative lixiviant is a hypochlorite in a concentration sufficient to oxidize all of the sulphides present.
The desired oxidation potential of the lixiviant for steps a) and b) is maintained by reagent addition. Majority of the oxidative dissolution of the mineral occurs within 15-30 minutes. The contact time in steps a) and b) can be extended to attain desired recovery.
The invention includes an aqueous oxidative lixiviant selected to solubilize at least one of silver, copper, gold, zinc, lead, cobalt and nickel from either sulphide-containing sulphidic minerals or their oxidized forms, comprising:
1) an oxidative lixiviant selected to oxidize the sulphur from the sulphides only to the elemental sulphur stage;
2) a hypochlorite selected to form soluble metal chloride complexes.
In a preferred aspect the composite sulphides are treated with sodium hypochlorite at ambient temperature and pressure. Sodium hypochlorite is used as an oxidant to oxidize sulphide in the composite mineral to elemental sulphur. The oxidized mineral reacts with sodium chloride to form soluble chloride complexes, which is subsequently treated to recover metals.
In another embodiment of the invention unconsolidated minerals containing at least one of silver, copper, gold, zinc, lead, cobalt and nickel, including discrete blocks of rocks and agglomerated ore particles and concentrate, agglomerated and unagglomerated sulphide bearing mill tailings of mineral beneficiation and similar sulphide containing by-products and waste products of recycling processes or their oxidized forms, are leached ex-situ, at ambient temperature and pressure, with sodium hypochlorite. The pregnant leach solution is subsequently removed and is treated for desired metal recovery.
DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
In one aspect of the present process for solubilizing the aforementioned metals from composite sulphidic minerals or their oxidized forms in the ore body, crushed ore or tailings, an aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite is used to dissolve the metals. In one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention the sulphide bearing minerals or their oxidized forms in the ore are brought into contact with sodium hypochlorite. The oxidative lixiviant reacts with the sulphidic minerals or their oxidized forms to attain the highest metal ion concentration to render the leaching process . economical as determined by the kinetics of the process. The pregnant solution containing the dissolved value metals are recovered from the leach solution by precipitation. Use of sodium hypochlorite (commonly referred to as bleach) ensures that the reagent utilized in the leaching process is not likely to damage the environment. The leaching process is conducted at ambient temperature and pressure.
The recovery of metals from their sulphides by hydrometallurgical methods usually necessitates the oxidation of the sulphide ion in the metal sulphide to render the metal soluble and hence recoverable from the solution. It has been found that for best results the sulphide in the sulphidic minerals is oxidized only to elemental sulphur, hence the oxidation potential of the oxidant in the leach solution is adjusted such that it is insufficient to oxidize the sulphide to the hexavalent state. The oxidation potential of a reagent is understood to mean the power of the reagent to remove electrons and it may be expressed quantitatively in millivolts. In the present process for leaching metals from sulphidic minerals by sodium hypochlorite, the oxidative lixiviant (sodium hypochlorite) could be replaced by calcium or other alkali and alkaline metals hypochlorite or chlorates and perchlorates e.g. potassium replacing sodium.
For illustrative purpose, the oxidative dissolution involved in the leaching of silver sulphide with sodium hypochlorite is given below. Similar chemistry was observed with all the aforementioned metals because of the soluble metal chlorides or metal chloride complexes formed during the leaching process.
Ag2S (s) + 4 CI" (aq) --> 2AgC12 (aq) Silver can be either electrolytically deposited or precipitated as metallic silver by reduction employing copper or zinc. Oxidative lixiviant is electrochemically regenerated.
Because of the significant differences in reactivity, dissolved metals can be sequentially recovered either by reduction to metallic state or precipitation.
The present invention has the additional advantage that it does not entail preconcentration of the minerals, which may require costly mining expenditures and equipment. The process does not create acid drainage problems and uses relatively environmentally benign reagents. Other complex sulphides containing metals which form soluble chlorides can also be treated by this method.
EXAMPLE
Approximately 120 g crushed ore, containing composite silver, copper, gold, zinc, lead, cobalt and nickel containing sulphidic minerals was lightly ground with a mortar/pestle and placed in a beaker.
The oxidative lixiviant (0.79M Na0C1) was poured into the beaker containing the composite mineral sample and stirred continuously for 24 hour. Aqueous samples were collected at the pre-set time intervals and quantitatively analyzed for silver concentration.
c. separating the desired leachate from the residual solids;
d. recovering metals from the leachate; and e. regenerating the oxidative lixiviant used in the process.
The oxidative lixiviant may be selected from the group consisting of a water-soluble perchlorate and a water-soluble hypochlorite.
Preferably the oxidative lixiviant is a hypochlorite in a concentration sufficient to oxidize all of the sulphides present.
The desired oxidation potential of the lixiviant for steps a) and b) is maintained by reagent addition. Majority of the oxidative dissolution of the mineral occurs within 15-30 minutes. The contact time in steps a) and b) can be extended to attain desired recovery.
The invention includes an aqueous oxidative lixiviant selected to solubilize at least one of silver, copper, gold, zinc, lead, cobalt and nickel from either sulphide-containing sulphidic minerals or their oxidized forms, comprising:
1) an oxidative lixiviant selected to oxidize the sulphur from the sulphides only to the elemental sulphur stage;
2) a hypochlorite selected to form soluble metal chloride complexes.
In a preferred aspect the composite sulphides are treated with sodium hypochlorite at ambient temperature and pressure. Sodium hypochlorite is used as an oxidant to oxidize sulphide in the composite mineral to elemental sulphur. The oxidized mineral reacts with sodium chloride to form soluble chloride complexes, which is subsequently treated to recover metals.
In another embodiment of the invention unconsolidated minerals containing at least one of silver, copper, gold, zinc, lead, cobalt and nickel, including discrete blocks of rocks and agglomerated ore particles and concentrate, agglomerated and unagglomerated sulphide bearing mill tailings of mineral beneficiation and similar sulphide containing by-products and waste products of recycling processes or their oxidized forms, are leached ex-situ, at ambient temperature and pressure, with sodium hypochlorite. The pregnant leach solution is subsequently removed and is treated for desired metal recovery.
DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
In one aspect of the present process for solubilizing the aforementioned metals from composite sulphidic minerals or their oxidized forms in the ore body, crushed ore or tailings, an aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite is used to dissolve the metals. In one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention the sulphide bearing minerals or their oxidized forms in the ore are brought into contact with sodium hypochlorite. The oxidative lixiviant reacts with the sulphidic minerals or their oxidized forms to attain the highest metal ion concentration to render the leaching process . economical as determined by the kinetics of the process. The pregnant solution containing the dissolved value metals are recovered from the leach solution by precipitation. Use of sodium hypochlorite (commonly referred to as bleach) ensures that the reagent utilized in the leaching process is not likely to damage the environment. The leaching process is conducted at ambient temperature and pressure.
The recovery of metals from their sulphides by hydrometallurgical methods usually necessitates the oxidation of the sulphide ion in the metal sulphide to render the metal soluble and hence recoverable from the solution. It has been found that for best results the sulphide in the sulphidic minerals is oxidized only to elemental sulphur, hence the oxidation potential of the oxidant in the leach solution is adjusted such that it is insufficient to oxidize the sulphide to the hexavalent state. The oxidation potential of a reagent is understood to mean the power of the reagent to remove electrons and it may be expressed quantitatively in millivolts. In the present process for leaching metals from sulphidic minerals by sodium hypochlorite, the oxidative lixiviant (sodium hypochlorite) could be replaced by calcium or other alkali and alkaline metals hypochlorite or chlorates and perchlorates e.g. potassium replacing sodium.
For illustrative purpose, the oxidative dissolution involved in the leaching of silver sulphide with sodium hypochlorite is given below. Similar chemistry was observed with all the aforementioned metals because of the soluble metal chlorides or metal chloride complexes formed during the leaching process.
Ag2S (s) + 4 CI" (aq) --> 2AgC12 (aq) Silver can be either electrolytically deposited or precipitated as metallic silver by reduction employing copper or zinc. Oxidative lixiviant is electrochemically regenerated.
Because of the significant differences in reactivity, dissolved metals can be sequentially recovered either by reduction to metallic state or precipitation.
The present invention has the additional advantage that it does not entail preconcentration of the minerals, which may require costly mining expenditures and equipment. The process does not create acid drainage problems and uses relatively environmentally benign reagents. Other complex sulphides containing metals which form soluble chlorides can also be treated by this method.
EXAMPLE
Approximately 120 g crushed ore, containing composite silver, copper, gold, zinc, lead, cobalt and nickel containing sulphidic minerals was lightly ground with a mortar/pestle and placed in a beaker.
The oxidative lixiviant (0.79M Na0C1) was poured into the beaker containing the composite mineral sample and stirred continuously for 24 hour. Aqueous samples were collected at the pre-set time intervals and quantitatively analyzed for silver concentration.
The results are shown in the table below.
Ore Sample Sample Analyzed Silver Recovery (%) A17 Leached Solid 91 Pregnant Leach A17 Solution 95 A18 Leached Solid 88 Pregnant Leach A18 Solution 87 Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that modifications and variations may be resorted to without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, as those skilled in the art readily understand. Such modifications and variations are considered to be within the purview and scope of the invention and the appended claims.
Ore Sample Sample Analyzed Silver Recovery (%) A17 Leached Solid 91 Pregnant Leach A17 Solution 95 A18 Leached Solid 88 Pregnant Leach A18 Solution 87 Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that modifications and variations may be resorted to without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, as those skilled in the art readily understand. Such modifications and variations are considered to be within the purview and scope of the invention and the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A process for leaching of at least one of silver, copper, gold, zinc, lead, cobalt and nickel from mixtures and ores containing at least one of silver sulphide, copper sulphide, gold sulphide, zinc sulphide, lead sulphide, cobalt sulphide and nickel sulphide or their oxidized forms, comprising:
a. contacting the mixture or ore with an aqueous oxidative lixiviant selected to oxidize the sulphur present in sulphides only to elemental sulphur;
b. extending the contact time between oxidative lixiviant and solids to give the desired metals recovery in the leachate while maintaining operative reagent concentrations;
c. separating the desired leachate from the residual solids;
d. recovering metals from the leachate; and e. regenerating the oxidative lixiviant used in the process.
a. contacting the mixture or ore with an aqueous oxidative lixiviant selected to oxidize the sulphur present in sulphides only to elemental sulphur;
b. extending the contact time between oxidative lixiviant and solids to give the desired metals recovery in the leachate while maintaining operative reagent concentrations;
c. separating the desired leachate from the residual solids;
d. recovering metals from the leachate; and e. regenerating the oxidative lixiviant used in the process.
2. The process of claim 1, wherein the oxidative lixiviant is selected from the group consisting of a water-soluble perchlorate and a water-soluble hypochlorite.
3. The process of claim 2, wherein the oxidative lixiviant is a hypochlorite in a concentration sufficient to oxidize all of the sulphides present.
4. The process of claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the oxidative lixiviant is sodium hypochlorite.
5. The process of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the desired oxidation potential of the lixiviant is maintained by reagent addition.
6. The process of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the contact time is extended for up to about 24 hours to attain desired recovery.
7 7. The process of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein silver is recovered as silver metal using zinc or copper.
8. The process of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein at least one of copper, gold, zinc, lead, cobalt and nickel are recovered as metal compounds.
9. An aqueous oxidative lixiviant selected to solubilize at least one of silver, copper, gold, zinc, lead, cobalt and nickel from respective sulphidic minerals, their respective oxidized forms and mixtures, comprising:
1. an oxidative lixiviant selected to oxidize the sulphur from the sulphides only to the elemental sulphur stage; and 2. the oxidative lixiviant reacting with oxidized mineral to form soluble metal chloride or metal chloride complexes as sulphide oxidation products.
1. an oxidative lixiviant selected to oxidize the sulphur from the sulphides only to the elemental sulphur stage; and 2. the oxidative lixiviant reacting with oxidized mineral to form soluble metal chloride or metal chloride complexes as sulphide oxidation products.
Priority Applications (9)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2821023 CA2821023A1 (en) | 2013-07-15 | 2013-07-15 | Recovery of metals from complex minerals |
| PE2015002088A PE20160923A1 (en) | 2013-03-28 | 2014-03-28 | INTEGRATED RECOVERY OF METALS FROM COMPLEX SUBSTRATES |
| AU2014245777A AU2014245777B2 (en) | 2013-03-28 | 2014-03-28 | Integrated recovery of metals from complex substrates |
| CA2908046A CA2908046C (en) | 2013-03-28 | 2014-03-28 | Integrated recovery of metals from complex substrates |
| CN201480024299.2A CN105452497B (en) | 2013-03-28 | 2014-03-28 | From complicated base material synthetical recovery metal |
| MX2015013796A MX2015013796A (en) | 2013-03-28 | 2014-03-28 | Integrated recovery of metals from complex substrates. |
| US14/780,821 US10487374B2 (en) | 2013-03-28 | 2014-03-28 | Integrated recovery of metals from complex substrates |
| PCT/CA2014/050324 WO2014153672A1 (en) | 2013-03-28 | 2014-03-28 | Integrated recovery of metals from complex substrates |
| US16/696,838 US20200165697A1 (en) | 2013-03-28 | 2019-11-26 | Integrated recovery of metals from complex substrates |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2821023 CA2821023A1 (en) | 2013-07-15 | 2013-07-15 | Recovery of metals from complex minerals |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2821023A1 true CA2821023A1 (en) | 2015-01-15 |
Family
ID=52471749
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2821023 Abandoned CA2821023A1 (en) | 2013-03-28 | 2013-07-15 | Recovery of metals from complex minerals |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2821023A1 (en) |
-
2013
- 2013-07-15 CA CA 2821023 patent/CA2821023A1/en not_active Abandoned
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued |
Effective date: 20150715 |
|
| FZDE | Discontinued |
Effective date: 20150715 |