CA2615260A1 - Limited slip differential for electric vehicle - Google Patents
Limited slip differential for electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2615260A1 CA2615260A1 CA002615260A CA2615260A CA2615260A1 CA 2615260 A1 CA2615260 A1 CA 2615260A1 CA 002615260 A CA002615260 A CA 002615260A CA 2615260 A CA2615260 A CA 2615260A CA 2615260 A1 CA2615260 A1 CA 2615260A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- limited slip
- slip differential
- vehicle
- electric motor
- electric vehicle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
- B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
- B60K17/16—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of differential gearing
- B60K17/20—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of differential gearing in which the differential movement is limited
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/30—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
- B60L7/10—Dynamic electric regenerative braking
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
- B60L2200/22—Microcars, e.g. golf cars
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
- B60Y2200/80—Other vehicles not covered by groups B60Y2200/10 - B60Y2200/60
- B60Y2200/86—Carts; Golf carts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H48/00—Differential gearings
- F16H48/12—Differential gearings without gears having orbital motion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H48/00—Differential gearings
- F16H48/12—Differential gearings without gears having orbital motion
- F16H48/14—Differential gearings without gears having orbital motion with cams
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H48/00—Differential gearings
- F16H48/12—Differential gearings without gears having orbital motion
- F16H48/14—Differential gearings without gears having orbital motion with cams
- F16H48/142—Differential gearings without gears having orbital motion with cams consisting of linked clutches using axially movable inter-engaging parts
- F16H48/145—Differential gearings without gears having orbital motion with cams consisting of linked clutches using axially movable inter-engaging parts with friction clutching members
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Retarders (AREA)
- Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
An electric vehicle, such as a golf car or utility vehicle, is provided with an electric motor that provides dynamic braking for the vehicle. The vehicle drivetrain is provided with a limited slip differential in order to prevent the wheels from turning freely when traction is lost.
Description
LIMITED SLIP DIFFERENTIAL FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLE
FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates to electric vehicles, and more particularly, to an electric vehicle having dynamic electric motor braking and a limited slip differential for preventing wheel slip during the dynamic braking mode.
BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY
FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates to electric vehicles, and more particularly, to an electric vehicle having dynamic electric motor braking and a limited slip differential for preventing wheel slip during the dynamic braking mode.
BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY
[0002] The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not constitute prior art.
[0003] Electric vehicles have grown more and more popular for use as golf cars and utility vehicles. Electric vehicles are relatively low maintenance and emit zero environmentally harmful emissions. In addition, electric vehicles are highly reliable.
[0004] Although electric vehicles have proven to be very popular and efficient, the need to improve the vehicle's manufacture and assembly still exists.
One area of recent development for electrical vehicles relates to the braking system.
Examples of such inventions are disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 6,457,568 and 6,686,719 which are commonly assigned. In U.S. Patent No. 6,457,568, a disc brake system for use with electric vehicles is provided. Electric vehicle disc brake systems are specially designed due to the limited ground clearance of the electric vehicle which has smaller wheels than a standard automotive vehicle.
Additionally, U.S. Patent No. 6,686,719 provides for regenerative braking, wherein electric energy is generated during braking so as to aid in the charging of the vehicle batteries.
One area of recent development for electrical vehicles relates to the braking system.
Examples of such inventions are disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 6,457,568 and 6,686,719 which are commonly assigned. In U.S. Patent No. 6,457,568, a disc brake system for use with electric vehicles is provided. Electric vehicle disc brake systems are specially designed due to the limited ground clearance of the electric vehicle which has smaller wheels than a standard automotive vehicle.
Additionally, U.S. Patent No. 6,686,719 provides for regenerative braking, wherein electric energy is generated during braking so as to aid in the charging of the vehicle batteries.
[0005] The present invention utilizes the drive motor as a source of braking torque. However, braking on slippery surfaces can be difficult when the drive motor is used for providing braking torque. In cases where one wheel loses traction, the other wheel is free to tum, resulting in no braking torque being applied to either of the wheels. This can also happen when an electro-mechanical brake on the motor shaft is used for emergency braking or for parking. To prevent this problem, the present disclosure provides a limited slip differential mechanism for preventing and/or limiting relative movement between the wheels, thus providing braking torque. In other words, when the first and second output shafts of the differential are prevented from rotating relative to one another, and the input from the motor is braked, the differential is locked up and, therefore, the rear wheels are automatically prevented from rotating.
[0006] Further areas of applicability will become apparent from the description provided herein. It should be understood that the description and specific examples are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.
DRAWINGS
DRAWINGS
[0007] The drawings described herein are for illustration purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure in any way.
[0008] Figure 1 is a schematic view of an electric vehicle drivetrain, including a limited slip differential according to the principles of the present disclosure;
[0009] Figure 2 is a perspective view of an exemplary limited slip differential for use with the present disclosure;
[0010] Figure 3 is an exploded view of the limited slip differential shown in Figure 2; and [0011] Figure 4a-4c show various plan views of the limited slip differential.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0012] The following description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the present disclosure, application, or uses. It should be understood that throughout the drawings, corresponding reference numerals indicate like or corresponding parts and features.
[0013] With reference to Figure 1, an electric vehicle 10, such as a golf car or utility vehicle, is shown including an electric motor 12 including an output shaft 14 connected to a limited slip differential 16. The limited slip differential 16 includes first and second output axle shafts 18, 20 which are connected to the left and right rear drive wheels 22, 24, respectively.
[0014] A vehicle central processing unit 28 is provided for controlling operation of the motor 12 for providing driving torque as well as braking torque to the drive shaft 14. The central processing unit 28 receives signals from an accelerator pedal sensor 30 and a brake pedal sensor 32.
[0015] The limited slip differential 16 is provided to ensure that one wheel 22, 24 does not spin freely while the other is providing traction.
Accordingly, dynamic braking with the electric motor 12 is ensured, even if one of the wheels is provided on a slippery surface. Providing braking by the electric motor 12 accomplishes two things: it returns energy back to the battery by using the electric motor 12 as a generator, and it reduces cost and maintenance associated with a mechanical braking system.
Accordingly, dynamic braking with the electric motor 12 is ensured, even if one of the wheels is provided on a slippery surface. Providing braking by the electric motor 12 accomplishes two things: it returns energy back to the battery by using the electric motor 12 as a generator, and it reduces cost and maintenance associated with a mechanical braking system.
[0016] The limited slip differential is installed in an axle carrier 40 which is driven from the intermediate shaft 14 via a ring gear 42 (Figure 1) which is bolted to the carrier 40. The device operates using a solid pin 44 which is stationary with respect to the carrier 40. Side gears 46 are splined to the clutch plates 48 and altemating clutch plates 50 are splined to the axle shafts 18, 20 when the plates 48 have relative rotation, the side gear 40 slips against the pin 44 compressing the plates 48, 50 and locking the axle shafts 18, 20 and the carrier 40 by the friction between the plates 48, 50. The device also has tabs between the side gears 46 and carrier 40 which allow over-run of the lower torque axle shaft for making turns without turf damage. An exemplary limited slip differential of this type is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 6,608,194 which is herein incorporated by reference.
[0017] Although an exemplary limited slip differential as shown in Figures 2 and 3 is described herein, it should be understood that variety of other limited slip differential designs can be utilized in combination with the electric motor providing dynamic braking in order to achieve the desired results. By way of example, U.S.
Patent Nos. 4,424,725; 6,374,701; 5,836,220; 5,715,733; 5,727,430; 5-,413,015;
4,424,725; 4,557,158; 4,644,818 atl disclose known lirnited slip differentials which are hereby incorporated by reference.
Patent Nos. 4,424,725; 6,374,701; 5,836,220; 5,715,733; 5,727,430; 5-,413,015;
4,424,725; 4,557,158; 4,644,818 atl disclose known lirnited slip differentials which are hereby incorporated by reference.
Claims (2)
1. A vehicle comprising:
an electric motor;
a limited slip differential drivingly connected to said electric motor and including first and second output shafts; and a pair of drive wheels each connected to a respective one of said first and second output shafts.
an electric motor;
a limited slip differential drivingly connected to said electric motor and including first and second output shafts; and a pair of drive wheels each connected to a respective one of said first and second output shafts.
2. The vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising a controller for controlling said electric motor in response to a brake signal to provide dynamic braking of the electric motor.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/923,937 US20090107741A1 (en) | 2007-10-25 | 2007-10-25 | Limited Slip Differential For Electric Vehicle |
US11/923,937 | 2007-10-25 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CA2615260A1 true CA2615260A1 (en) | 2009-04-25 |
Family
ID=39048643
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA002615260A Abandoned CA2615260A1 (en) | 2007-10-25 | 2007-12-19 | Limited slip differential for electric vehicle |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20090107741A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101417650A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2615260A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2454027A (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104494409A (en) * | 2014-12-20 | 2015-04-08 | 北汽银翔汽车有限公司 | Electromobile with novel power arrangement transmission system |
CN108237899B (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2020-02-21 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Drive shaft locking device, power drive system and vehicle |
USD885450S1 (en) | 2017-05-15 | 2020-05-26 | Torq-Masters Industries, Inc | Vehicular differential replacement device |
USD848497S1 (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2019-05-14 | Torq-Masters, Inc. | Axle gear |
US10731742B2 (en) | 2017-12-08 | 2020-08-04 | Torq-Masters Industries, Inc | Axle coupler with ring recess |
JP7020139B2 (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2022-02-16 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | automobile |
USD906388S1 (en) | 2019-06-11 | 2020-12-29 | Torq-Masters Industries, Inc. | Automatic locking differential |
Family Cites Families (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1423090A (en) * | 1920-07-21 | 1922-07-18 | Delano James Kendall | Electric motor vehicle |
US2966076A (en) * | 1960-02-04 | 1960-12-27 | Dana Corp | Differential gearing |
US4106583A (en) * | 1976-08-25 | 1978-08-15 | P. N. Associates, Inc. | Self-powered folding golf cart |
US4319140A (en) * | 1980-07-28 | 1982-03-09 | Paschke Ralph W | Demand operated power management drive system |
US4424725A (en) * | 1980-09-19 | 1984-01-10 | Tractech, Inc. | Locking differential mechanism with improved holdout ring and spring retainer |
US4557158A (en) * | 1983-05-19 | 1985-12-10 | Tractech, Inc. | Holdout ring construction for differentials |
US4644818A (en) * | 1984-10-29 | 1987-02-24 | Tractech, Inc. | Differential apparatus with side-gear-centered center cam |
US5413015A (en) * | 1993-06-28 | 1995-05-09 | Zentmyer; John | Automotive vehicle differential assembly |
US5727430A (en) * | 1996-10-24 | 1998-03-17 | Dyneer Corporation | Locking differential including friction pack clutch means |
US5715733A (en) * | 1996-11-25 | 1998-02-10 | Tractech Inc. | Locking differential including a spring cap biasing assembly |
US6374701B1 (en) * | 1999-10-22 | 2002-04-23 | Tractech Inc. | Gearless differential |
EP1116828B1 (en) * | 2000-01-12 | 2005-08-17 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Snow removal machine |
JP4636651B2 (en) * | 2000-04-07 | 2011-02-23 | Gknドライブラインジャパン株式会社 | Power transmission device |
US6717281B1 (en) * | 2000-10-26 | 2004-04-06 | Dennis Brandon | Electric generator and motor drive system |
US6688194B2 (en) * | 2001-10-04 | 2004-02-10 | Tractech Inc. | Locking differential including improved clutch member and adapter sleeve |
US7134517B1 (en) * | 2003-02-10 | 2006-11-14 | Kaiser Clements J | Dual electric motor four wheel drive personnel carrier |
US7296644B2 (en) * | 2003-07-09 | 2007-11-20 | Tochigi Fuji Sangyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Reduction-drive device |
GB0412736D0 (en) * | 2004-06-08 | 2004-07-07 | Ricardo Uk Ltd | An electrically driven single speed differential transmission |
DE102005041080A1 (en) * | 2004-08-31 | 2006-03-16 | Tochigi Fuji Sangyo K.K. | friction engagement |
US7332881B2 (en) * | 2004-10-28 | 2008-02-19 | Textron Inc. | AC drive system for electrically operated vehicle |
US7497285B1 (en) * | 2007-11-15 | 2009-03-03 | Vladimir Radev | Hybrid electric vehicle |
-
2007
- 2007-10-25 US US11/923,937 patent/US20090107741A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-12-19 CA CA002615260A patent/CA2615260A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-12-21 GB GB0725090A patent/GB2454027A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-12-26 CN CNA2007103056460A patent/CN101417650A/en active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB0725090D0 (en) | 2008-01-30 |
US20090107741A1 (en) | 2009-04-30 |
GB2454027A (en) | 2009-04-29 |
CN101417650A (en) | 2009-04-29 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
EEER | Examination request | ||
FZDE | Discontinued |