CA2557159A1 - Dynamic halogenation of sorbents for the removal of mercury from flue gases - Google Patents
Dynamic halogenation of sorbents for the removal of mercury from flue gases Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2557159A1 CA2557159A1 CA002557159A CA2557159A CA2557159A1 CA 2557159 A1 CA2557159 A1 CA 2557159A1 CA 002557159 A CA002557159 A CA 002557159A CA 2557159 A CA2557159 A CA 2557159A CA 2557159 A1 CA2557159 A1 CA 2557159A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- stream
- sorbent
- flue gas
- halogen
- combined
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000002594 sorbent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract 17
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract 9
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract 9
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract 3
- 230000026030 halogenation Effects 0.000 title 1
- 238000005658 halogenation reaction Methods 0.000 title 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract 14
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 8
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 8
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract 8
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims abstract 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 claims 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical class [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical class [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical class [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical class FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Chemical class BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012717 electrostatic precipitator Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011630 iodine Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D47/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/06—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds
- B01D53/10—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds with dispersed adsorbents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/64—Heavy metals or compounds thereof, e.g. mercury
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/10—Oxidants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/50—Inorganic acids
- B01D2251/502—Hydrochloric acid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
- B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
- B01D2253/102—Carbon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/60—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
- B01D2257/602—Mercury or mercury compounds
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
A halogen-containing gas is injected into a flowing transport air/sorbent stream at a point close to the point where the sorbent and transport air first mix to maximize the residence time available for the halogen-containing compound to be adsorbed onto the sorbent surface prior to the sorbent being injected into a flue gas containing mercury. This process maximizes the benefit and utilization of the halogen-containing reagent by placing it exactly where it is needed to facilitate elemental mercury removal - on the surface of the sorbent. The sorbent particles with their loading of adsorbed halogen-containing reagent enter the flue gas with a high reactivity for the removal of elemental mercury.
Claims
[0039] ~~~CLAIMS
[0040] We claim:
[0041] 1. A method of removing a portion of the elemental mercury in a flue gas created during a combustion process, comprising:
providing four streams, wherein the first stream comprises a halogen containing reagent, the second stream comprises a sorbent, the third stream comprises conveyance air, and the fourth stream comprises a flue gas containing elemental mercury;
combining the first, second, and third streams wherein the halogen containing reagent is adsorbed onto the sorbent;
injecting the combined stream into the fourth stream;
adsorbing the elemental mercury onto the sorbent; and removing the sorbent from the fourth stream.
[0042] 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the flue gas is created during the combustion of at least one of a fossil fuel and municipal solid waste.
[0043] 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the fossil fuel comprises coal.
[0044] 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the halogen containing agent comprises at least one of chlorine, bromine, iodine or fluorine and halide derivatives thereof.
[0045] 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sorbent comprises a carbonaceous sorbent.
[0046] 6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the carbonaceous sorbent comprises at least one of powdered activated carbon, carbons and chars produced from coal and other organic materials, and unburned carbon produced by a combustion process.
[0047] 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first and second streams are combined at a temperature between about 0C and about 50C.
[0048] 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first, second and third streams are first combined just prior to injection of the combined stream into the fourth stream.
[0049] 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the combined stream is injected into the fourth stream at a location where the temperature of the fourth stream is below about 175C.
[0050] 10. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of adsorbing a substantial portion of oxidized mercury present in the flue gas in addition to the elemental mercury in the fourth stream.
[0051] 11. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of using a fabric filter to remove the sorbent from the fourth stream.
[0052] 12. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of using an electrostatic precipitator to remove the sorbent from the fourth stream.
[0053] 13. The method according to claim 1, wherein the fourth stream is provided with up to about 4 moles of halogen per million moles of flue gas, and at least about 0.1 pounds of sorbent per million cubic feet of flue gas.
[0040] We claim:
[0041] 1. A method of removing a portion of the elemental mercury in a flue gas created during a combustion process, comprising:
providing four streams, wherein the first stream comprises a halogen containing reagent, the second stream comprises a sorbent, the third stream comprises conveyance air, and the fourth stream comprises a flue gas containing elemental mercury;
combining the first, second, and third streams wherein the halogen containing reagent is adsorbed onto the sorbent;
injecting the combined stream into the fourth stream;
adsorbing the elemental mercury onto the sorbent; and removing the sorbent from the fourth stream.
[0042] 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the flue gas is created during the combustion of at least one of a fossil fuel and municipal solid waste.
[0043] 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the fossil fuel comprises coal.
[0044] 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the halogen containing agent comprises at least one of chlorine, bromine, iodine or fluorine and halide derivatives thereof.
[0045] 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sorbent comprises a carbonaceous sorbent.
[0046] 6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the carbonaceous sorbent comprises at least one of powdered activated carbon, carbons and chars produced from coal and other organic materials, and unburned carbon produced by a combustion process.
[0047] 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first and second streams are combined at a temperature between about 0C and about 50C.
[0048] 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first, second and third streams are first combined just prior to injection of the combined stream into the fourth stream.
[0049] 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the combined stream is injected into the fourth stream at a location where the temperature of the fourth stream is below about 175C.
[0050] 10. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of adsorbing a substantial portion of oxidized mercury present in the flue gas in addition to the elemental mercury in the fourth stream.
[0051] 11. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of using a fabric filter to remove the sorbent from the fourth stream.
[0052] 12. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of using an electrostatic precipitator to remove the sorbent from the fourth stream.
[0053] 13. The method according to claim 1, wherein the fourth stream is provided with up to about 4 moles of halogen per million moles of flue gas, and at least about 0.1 pounds of sorbent per million cubic feet of flue gas.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US55528104P | 2004-03-22 | 2004-03-22 | |
US60/555,281 | 2004-03-22 | ||
PCT/US2005/009441 WO2005092476A1 (en) | 2004-03-22 | 2005-03-21 | Dynamic halogenation of sorbents for the removal of mercury from flue gases |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CA2557159A1 true CA2557159A1 (en) | 2005-10-06 |
CA2557159C CA2557159C (en) | 2010-05-25 |
Family
ID=35056018
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA2557159A Expired - Fee Related CA2557159C (en) | 2004-03-22 | 2005-03-21 | Dynamic halogenation of sorbents for the removal of mercury from flue gases |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20070180990A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1737556A4 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2007530255A (en) |
KR (1) | KR101243539B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN100473447C (en) |
AU (1) | AU2005225449A1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2557159C (en) |
TW (1) | TWI265820B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2005092476A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8198208B2 (en) | 2008-10-03 | 2012-06-12 | EPCOR Power Generation Services, Inc. | Bromination process |
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- 2005-03-21 CA CA2557159A patent/CA2557159C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-03-21 KR KR1020067021622A patent/KR101243539B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-03-21 CN CNB2005800089508A patent/CN100473447C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-03-21 EP EP05729582A patent/EP1737556A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-03-21 WO PCT/US2005/009441 patent/WO2005092476A1/en active Application Filing
- 2005-03-21 TW TW094108659A patent/TWI265820B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-03-21 JP JP2007505083A patent/JP2007530255A/en active Pending
- 2005-03-21 US US10/591,856 patent/US20070180990A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-03-21 AU AU2005225449A patent/AU2005225449A1/en not_active Abandoned
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US8198208B2 (en) | 2008-10-03 | 2012-06-12 | EPCOR Power Generation Services, Inc. | Bromination process |
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CN1933893A (en) | 2007-03-21 |
EP1737556A4 (en) | 2009-03-25 |
US20070180990A1 (en) | 2007-08-09 |
WO2005092476A1 (en) | 2005-10-06 |
KR101243539B1 (en) | 2013-03-20 |
EP1737556A1 (en) | 2007-01-03 |
TWI265820B (en) | 2006-11-11 |
KR20070035484A (en) | 2007-03-30 |
JP2007530255A (en) | 2007-11-01 |
AU2005225449A1 (en) | 2005-10-06 |
TW200536598A (en) | 2005-11-16 |
CA2557159C (en) | 2010-05-25 |
CN100473447C (en) | 2009-04-01 |
WO2005092476A8 (en) | 2005-12-01 |
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