CA2428302A1 - Multi-axle running gear for automotive trucks, tractors, trailers, and semi-trailers - Google Patents

Multi-axle running gear for automotive trucks, tractors, trailers, and semi-trailers Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2428302A1
CA2428302A1 CA 2428302 CA2428302A CA2428302A1 CA 2428302 A1 CA2428302 A1 CA 2428302A1 CA 2428302 CA2428302 CA 2428302 CA 2428302 A CA2428302 A CA 2428302A CA 2428302 A1 CA2428302 A1 CA 2428302A1
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
axle
running gear
axles
steering
trailers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA 2428302
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
CA2428302C (en
Inventor
N. Royce Curry
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to CA 2428302 priority Critical patent/CA2428302C/en
Publication of CA2428302A1 publication Critical patent/CA2428302A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2428302C publication Critical patent/CA2428302C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D61/00—Motor vehicles or trailers, characterised by the arrangement or number of wheels, not otherwise provided for, e.g. four wheels in diamond pattern
    • B62D61/12—Motor vehicles or trailers, characterised by the arrangement or number of wheels, not otherwise provided for, e.g. four wheels in diamond pattern with variable number of ground engaging wheels, e.g. with some wheels arranged higher than others, or with retractable wheels
    • B62D61/125—Motor vehicles or trailers, characterised by the arrangement or number of wheels, not otherwise provided for, e.g. four wheels in diamond pattern with variable number of ground engaging wheels, e.g. with some wheels arranged higher than others, or with retractable wheels the retractable wheel being a part of a set of tandem wheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G9/00—Resilient suspensions of a rigid axle or axle housing for two or more wheels
    • B60G9/003—Resilient suspensions of a rigid axle or axle housing for two or more wheels the axle being rigidly connected to a trailing guiding device
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D13/00—Steering specially adapted for trailers
    • B62D13/04—Steering specially adapted for trailers for individually-pivoted wheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2200/00—Indexing codes relating to suspension types
    • B60G2200/30—Rigid axle suspensions
    • B60G2200/31—Rigid axle suspensions with two trailing arms rigidly connected to the axle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2200/00—Indexing codes relating to suspension types
    • B60G2200/30—Rigid axle suspensions
    • B60G2200/32—Rigid axle suspensions pivoted
    • B60G2200/322—Rigid axle suspensions pivoted with a single pivot point and a straight axle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2200/00—Indexing codes relating to suspension types
    • B60G2200/40—Indexing codes relating to the wheels in the suspensions
    • B60G2200/44—Indexing codes relating to the wheels in the suspensions steerable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2200/00—Indexing codes relating to suspension types
    • B60G2200/40—Indexing codes relating to the wheels in the suspensions
    • B60G2200/445—Self-steered wheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2200/00—Indexing codes relating to suspension types
    • B60G2200/40—Indexing codes relating to the wheels in the suspensions
    • B60G2200/462—Toe-in/out
    • B60G2200/4622—Alignment adjustment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2202/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of spring, damper or actuator
    • B60G2202/10—Type of spring
    • B60G2202/15—Fluid spring
    • B60G2202/152—Pneumatic spring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/40—Auxiliary suspension parts; Adjustment of suspensions
    • B60G2204/422—Links for mounting suspension elements
    • B60G2204/4222—Links for mounting suspension elements for movement on predefined locus of, e.g. the wheel center
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/40—Auxiliary suspension parts; Adjustment of suspensions
    • B60G2204/423—Rails, tubes, or the like, for guiding the movement of suspension elements
    • B60G2204/4232—Sliding mounts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/61—Adjustable during maintenance
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/62—Adjustable continuously, e.g. during driving
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2300/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of vehicle
    • B60G2300/02—Trucks; Load vehicles
    • B60G2300/026—Heavy duty trucks
    • B60G2300/0262—Multi-axle trucks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2300/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of vehicle
    • B60G2300/04—Trailers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2300/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of vehicle
    • B60G2300/04—Trailers
    • B60G2300/042—Semi-trailers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2300/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of vehicle
    • B60G2300/40—Variable track or wheelbase vehicles

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Steering-Linkage Mechanisms And Four-Wheel Steering (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides new multi-axle running gear for automotive transport tractors, trailers and semi-trailers, the minimum requirement being that the running gear has at least two longitudinally spaced axles mounted parallel to one another, one relatively closely behind the other. One of the axles is mounted for substantial limited transverse movement along its longitudinal axis so that it will move sideways under transverse scrubbing forces applied thereto by the engagement of its running wheels with the ground as the vehicle negotiates a curve or corner. This gives via a relatively simple and economical structure, consisting principally of an axle member mounted for sliding movement in a supporting housing, that provides steering movement to its wheels equivalent to that of a self-steering axle, such steering movement reducing the transverse scrubbing and improving the yaw stability of the vehicle. The preferred minimum movement of the axle from a neutral position is equivalent to a steering angle of at least 10 degrees, while a practical amount for most applications will be equivalent to a steering angle of 20 degrees. Numerous combinations are possible in the standard two-wheel, three-wheel, or four-wheel bogie and tractor configurations, comprising such slip-steer axles in combination with fixed, self-steering and lifting axles.

Claims (15)

1. Multi-axle running gear for automotive transport tractors, trailers and semi-trailers, such running gear having at least two longitudinally spaced axles mounted parallel to one another, one closely behind the other, with each axle having a corresponding axis of rotation and each mounting at least two transversely spaced running wheels for engagement with ground over which the running gear passes, wherein one of the axles is mounted for substantial limited transverse movement along its longitudinal axis under transverse forces applied thereto by the engagement of its running wheels with the ground as the running gear negotiates a curve or corner to thereby reduce transverse scrubbing of the running wheels on the ground, while the other axle or axles of the running gear is fixed against transverse movement along its axis, or their respective axes.
2. Running gear as claimed in claim 1, wherein the longitudinal transverse movement of the longitudinally movable axle from a neutral position is equivalent to a steering angle of at least 10 degrees.
3. Running gear as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the longitudinal transverse movement of the longitudinally movable axle from a neutral position is equivalent to a steering angle of 20 degrees.
4. Running gear as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the longitudinally movable axle comprises an axle member mounted for such longitudinal movement back and forth along its longitudinal axis in a housing adapted to be fixed to a vehicle, spindles at each end of the axle adapted to receive respective road wheels rotatable about the axle longitudinal axis, and stop members adjacent each end of the axle member engageable with respective ends of the housing to limit the extent of movement of the axle member from a central neutral position.
5. Running gear as claimed in claim 4, and including two opposed spring means connected between the axle member and the housing and urging the axle member to the neutral position to restore it to that position upon lessening of any sideways scuffing force to a value below that of the spring means.
6 Running gear as claimed in claim 4 or 5, and including locking means operable between the axle member and the housing under the control of an operator to lock the axle member in the neutral position.
7. Running gear as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the longitudinally movable axle is the front axle of a pair of axles.
8. Running gear as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the longitudinally movable axle is the centre axle of three closely spaced axles.
9. Running gear as claimed in claim 8, wherein the rear axle of the three closely spaced axles is a self-steering axle.
10. Running gear as claimed in claim 8, wherein the front axle of the three closely spaced axles is a self-steering axle.
11. Running gear as claimed in claim 8, wherein the front axle of the three closely spaced axles is a lifting axle.
12. Running gear as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the longitudinally movable axle is the front centre axle of four closely spaced axles.
13. Running gear as claimed in claim 12, wherein the two centre axles of the four closely spaced axles are longitudinally movable.
14. Running gear as claimed in claim 13, wherein either the front or the rear axle of the four closely spaced axles is a self-steering axle.
15. Running gear as claimed in claim 13, wherein either the front or the rear axle of the four closely spaced axles is a lifting axle.
CA 2428302 2003-05-12 2003-05-12 Multi-axle running gear for automotive trucks, tractors, trailers, and semi-trailers Expired - Fee Related CA2428302C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA 2428302 CA2428302C (en) 2003-05-12 2003-05-12 Multi-axle running gear for automotive trucks, tractors, trailers, and semi-trailers

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA 2428302 CA2428302C (en) 2003-05-12 2003-05-12 Multi-axle running gear for automotive trucks, tractors, trailers, and semi-trailers

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2428302A1 true CA2428302A1 (en) 2004-11-12
CA2428302C CA2428302C (en) 2010-03-23

Family

ID=33426209

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA 2428302 Expired - Fee Related CA2428302C (en) 2003-05-12 2003-05-12 Multi-axle running gear for automotive trucks, tractors, trailers, and semi-trailers

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CA (1) CA2428302C (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2962102A1 (en) * 2010-07-02 2012-01-06 Giovanni Tonarelli Ant skating axle for road vehicle, has ball ring gear fixed under chassis of vehicle, and frame and bearer frame that are slid with respect to each other, where suspension systems are fixed under frame
EP2522565A1 (en) * 2011-05-12 2012-11-14 Schmitz Cargobull Gotha GmbH Commercial vehicle trailer
CN107985000A (en) * 2017-11-27 2018-05-04 马鞍山市海华金属制品有限公司 A kind of trailer air bag axle raising device
US11945497B2 (en) 2022-03-11 2024-04-02 Gn Technologies Inc. Vehicle steering wheels system

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2962102A1 (en) * 2010-07-02 2012-01-06 Giovanni Tonarelli Ant skating axle for road vehicle, has ball ring gear fixed under chassis of vehicle, and frame and bearer frame that are slid with respect to each other, where suspension systems are fixed under frame
EP2522565A1 (en) * 2011-05-12 2012-11-14 Schmitz Cargobull Gotha GmbH Commercial vehicle trailer
CN107985000A (en) * 2017-11-27 2018-05-04 马鞍山市海华金属制品有限公司 A kind of trailer air bag axle raising device
US11945497B2 (en) 2022-03-11 2024-04-02 Gn Technologies Inc. Vehicle steering wheels system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2428302C (en) 2010-03-23

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EEER Examination request
MKLA Lapsed

Effective date: 20170512