CA2351648C - Well string injection system and method - Google Patents
Well string injection system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CA2351648C CA2351648C CA2351648A CA2351648A CA2351648C CA 2351648 C CA2351648 C CA 2351648C CA 2351648 A CA2351648 A CA 2351648A CA 2351648 A CA2351648 A CA 2351648A CA 2351648 C CA2351648 C CA 2351648C
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- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000187656 Eucalyptus cornuta Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
- E21B19/22—Handling reeled pipe or rod units, e.g. flexible drilling pipes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
A continuous feed injection unit used for example for injection and removal of continuous well string from wells operates in a dual speed configuration. The unit comprises a first hydraulic motor, a second hydraulic motor, cooperating continuous well string gripping chains connected to be driven by the first and second hydraulic motors, a hydraulic power supply connected to provide pressurized fluid to the first and second hydraulic motors and a control system for the hydraulic power supply. The control system for the hydraulic power supply has a motor speed control valve with at least a first and second operating configuration, the first operating configuration providing power fluid to the first and second hydraulic motors in parallel and the second operating configuration providing power fluid to the first and second hydraulic motors in series. The hydraulic power supply may be a conventional power tong hydraulic supply.
Description
TITLE OF THE INVENTION
01 Well String Injection System and Method BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
02 This invention relates to devices used to manipulate continuous well strings for wellsite operations. Continuous well strings include rod, used for example to operate downhole pumps, and continuous tubing, used for example in a variety of downhole applications such as drilling and clean out operations. Continuous well strings are manipulated downhole typically with continuous chain injection units that include gripper pads for gripping the well strings. One early such design is shown in U.S.
Pat. No.
3,559,905 of Palynchuk, issued Feb. 1, 1971, in which a continuous chain with gripping blocks carried by the chain is used to inject the well string into the well.
More recently, such continuous chain gripper systems have been described in U.S. Pat. No.
5,553,668 of Council, eta!, issued Sep. 10, 1996, 03 The continuous chain injection units when used at a rig conventionally are provided with their own hydraulic power supply, separate from the rig power supply. In addition, these conventional power supplies provide complicated ways of changing the speed of the motors. This invention provides an improvement on such power supplies.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
04 According to first aspect of the invention, there is provided a continuous feed injection unit that operates in a dual speed configuration. The unit comprises a first hydraulic motor, a second hydraulic motor, cooperating continuous well string gripping chains connected to be driven by the first and second hydraulic motors, a hydraulic power supply connected to provide pressurized fluid to the first and second hydraulic motors and a control system for the hydraulic power supply.
01 Well String Injection System and Method BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
02 This invention relates to devices used to manipulate continuous well strings for wellsite operations. Continuous well strings include rod, used for example to operate downhole pumps, and continuous tubing, used for example in a variety of downhole applications such as drilling and clean out operations. Continuous well strings are manipulated downhole typically with continuous chain injection units that include gripper pads for gripping the well strings. One early such design is shown in U.S.
Pat. No.
3,559,905 of Palynchuk, issued Feb. 1, 1971, in which a continuous chain with gripping blocks carried by the chain is used to inject the well string into the well.
More recently, such continuous chain gripper systems have been described in U.S. Pat. No.
5,553,668 of Council, eta!, issued Sep. 10, 1996, 03 The continuous chain injection units when used at a rig conventionally are provided with their own hydraulic power supply, separate from the rig power supply. In addition, these conventional power supplies provide complicated ways of changing the speed of the motors. This invention provides an improvement on such power supplies.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
04 According to first aspect of the invention, there is provided a continuous feed injection unit that operates in a dual speed configuration. The unit comprises a first hydraulic motor, a second hydraulic motor, cooperating continuous well string gripping chains connected to be driven by the first and second hydraulic motors, a hydraulic power supply connected to provide pressurized fluid to the first and second hydraulic motors and a control system for the hydraulic power supply.
2 05 According to a second aspect of the invention, the power tong supply of a service rig is used as the hydraulic power supply for the injection unit The service rig comprises a mast, a hydraulic power supply for the power tongs provided adjacent the mast, a first hydraulic motor and preferably a second hydraulic motor mounted on the mast, a return for hydraulic fluid used by the first hydraulic motor and second hydraulic motor, cooperating continuous well string gripping chains connected to be driven by the first hydraulic motor and second hydraulic motor, the hydraulic power supply for the power tongs being connected to provide pressurized fluid to the first hydraulic motor and second hydraulic motor and a control system for the hydraulic power supply.
06 To provide for dual speed operation, the control system for the hydraulic power supply has a motor speed control valve with at least a first and second operating configuration, the first operating configuration providing power fluid to the first and second hydraulic motors in parallel and the second operating configuration providing power fluid to the first and second hydraulic motors in series.
07 According to a further aspect of the invention, for use in association with either the first or second aspects of the invention, the control system for the hydraulic power supply incorporates a motor direction control valve through which the power fluid flows, the motor direction control valve being configured to reverse flow of power fluid through the first and second hydraulic motors.
08 According to a further aspect of the invention, the continuous chains comprise a first continuous chain and a second continuous chain, the first continuous chain being driven by the first hydraulic motor and the second continuous chain being driven by the second hydraulic motor.
06 To provide for dual speed operation, the control system for the hydraulic power supply has a motor speed control valve with at least a first and second operating configuration, the first operating configuration providing power fluid to the first and second hydraulic motors in parallel and the second operating configuration providing power fluid to the first and second hydraulic motors in series.
07 According to a further aspect of the invention, for use in association with either the first or second aspects of the invention, the control system for the hydraulic power supply incorporates a motor direction control valve through which the power fluid flows, the motor direction control valve being configured to reverse flow of power fluid through the first and second hydraulic motors.
08 According to a further aspect of the invention, the continuous chains comprise a first continuous chain and a second continuous chain, the first continuous chain being driven by the first hydraulic motor and the second continuous chain being driven by the second hydraulic motor.
3 09 According to a further aspect of the invention, the control system for the hydraulic power supply having a motor direction control valve with at least a first, second and third operating configuration, the first operating configuration providing power fluid to the first hydraulic motor to lift well string from the well, the second operating configuration providing power fluid to the first hydraulic motor to inject well string into the well and the third operating configuration allowing power fluid to flow from the hydraulic power supply directly to the return.
The dual speed configuration allows the drill string to be pulled up slowly through viscous fluid, then when the drill string is free of viscous fluid, pulled rapidly to surface.
The device has particular utility in heavy oil reservoirs. By using the power tong hydraulic fluid supply, expensive additional power supplies are not required and the injection unit is easily set up and removed with minimal inconvenience to the rig operator. These and other aspects of the invention are described in the detailed description of the invention and claimed in the claims that follow.
10A According to a still further aspect of the invention, there is provided a service rig, comprising a mast having a travelling block, a continuous well string injection unit suspended from the travelling block; and a hydraulic power supply for the continuous well string injection unit provided adjacent the mast.
10B According to a still further aspect of the invention, there is provided a continuous feed injection unit, comprising a first hydraulic motor, a second hydraulic motor, cooperating continuous well string gripping chains connected to be driven by the first and second hydraulic motors, a hydraulic power supply connected to provide pressurized fluid to the first and second hydraulic motors; and a control system for the hydraulic power supply.
The dual speed configuration allows the drill string to be pulled up slowly through viscous fluid, then when the drill string is free of viscous fluid, pulled rapidly to surface.
The device has particular utility in heavy oil reservoirs. By using the power tong hydraulic fluid supply, expensive additional power supplies are not required and the injection unit is easily set up and removed with minimal inconvenience to the rig operator. These and other aspects of the invention are described in the detailed description of the invention and claimed in the claims that follow.
10A According to a still further aspect of the invention, there is provided a service rig, comprising a mast having a travelling block, a continuous well string injection unit suspended from the travelling block; and a hydraulic power supply for the continuous well string injection unit provided adjacent the mast.
10B According to a still further aspect of the invention, there is provided a continuous feed injection unit, comprising a first hydraulic motor, a second hydraulic motor, cooperating continuous well string gripping chains connected to be driven by the first and second hydraulic motors, a hydraulic power supply connected to provide pressurized fluid to the first and second hydraulic motors; and a control system for the hydraulic power supply.
4 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
11 There will now be described preferred embodiments of the invention, with reference to the drawings, by way of illustration only and not with the intention of limiting the scope of the invention, in which like numerals denote like elements and in which:
Fig. 1 shows a side view of a service rig with a continuous feed injection unit according to the invention;
Fig. 1A shows a section through a continuous chain drive unit for use with the invention; and Fig. 2 is a schematic of a power supply for use with the continuous feed injection unit of Fig. 1.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
12 In this patent document, "comprising" means "including". In addition, a reference to an element by the indefinite article "a" does not exclude the possibility that more than one of the element is present. A valve as referred to herein need not be a single unit, but may be composed of several valve pieces. For example, the valves 36, 80 and 82 together constitute a single valve.
13 Referring to Fig. 1, there is shown a service rig 10 with a conventional mast 12 from which is suspended a continuous feed injection unit 14 using the conventional travelling block shown. A hydraulic power supply 16 for conventional power tongs (not shown) are provided adjacent the mast 12. Tong hoses 18 lead out from the power supply 16 to the rig 10. The continuous feed injection unit 14, see particularly Fig.
1A, includes a pair of hydraulic motors 20, 21 (Fig. 2) and cooperating continuous chains 22, connected to be driven by the hydraulic motors 20, 21 through shafts 15 of conventional gear reducers (not shown) and sprockets 17. The continuous chains 22, 23 include conventional gripper pads 19 for gripping continuous well string. The hydraulic power supply 16 for the power tongs is connected to provide pressurized fluid to the hydraulic motors 20, 21. A guide 24 provides continuous well string (not shown) from a conventional carousel (not shown) to the continuous chains 22, 23. Squeeze cylinders 86 squeeze the continuous chains 22, 23 between two free wheeling chain blocks 25, 26, by moving the chain block 25 laterally towards the fixed chain block 26. The chain block 25 is mounted on the cylinders 86. The squeeze cylinders preferably excerpt a high pressure in the order of 120,000 psi to grip and hold continuous rod. A lower pressure is used for coiled tubing. Chain tension cylinders 100, 101 are connected to sprockets 103, 102 respectively to maintain tension in the chain. The gripper blocks 23 and chains 22, 23 are conventional chains.
14 Referring to Fig. 2, there is shown a control system 13 for the hydraulic power supply 16. Pressurized power fluid at for example 40 gpm and 2500 psi is supplied through line 30 and filter 33 to flow divider 32. A fraction for example 20%
of the flow is C1. 02351648 2001-06-25 diverted to auxiliary safety system 34. The remainder of the flow is direction to a directional control valve 36 which provides either straight through flow to lines 38, 39 or cross-over flow to reverse direction of fluid flow. Flow returns through check valve 40 to return 42. A pressure relief valve 31 is provided directly between the line 30 and return 42 to relieve excess pressure in the line 30.
In the case where fluid flow is straight through valve 36, which corresponds to the chains 22, 23 being operated to pull or lift well string from a well, the flow bypasses counterbalance valve 44 through check valve 46 and is provided directly to hydraulic motor 20. fhe power fluid is also provided to four way directional control valve 48, which controls flow to the hydraulic motors 20, 21 to govern the speed at which the motors 20, 21 operate. The control valve 48 functions as a motor speed control valve. In a first operating configuration, control valve 48 supplies fluid from line 50 to line 52 and then through valve 54 to motor 21, so that the motors 20, 21 operated in parallel. In a second operating configuration, directional valve 48 supplies power fluid that has passed through motor 20 along line 56 along line 52 through valve 54 to motor 21 so that the motors 20, 21 operate in series. In eithcr case, the power fluid is returned through line 58 and check valve 40 to the return 42. Direction of movement of the motors 20, 21 is controlled by manually operated valve 80 and directional control valve 82, which control the control ports of directional valve 36, to set the directional valve 36 to the cross-over position, neutral position or straight through position. The valves 36, 80 and 82 function as a motor direction control valve.
16 Flow from flow divider 32 is directed along line 60 through check valves 62 to accumulators 64 and 66 in thc auxiliary safety system 34. An unloading valve 61 is provided on the auxiliary line 60 to direct flow to the return 42 when high pressure is sensed on line 63. Line 68 provides control fluid through lines 70 and 72 to the control port 76 on directional control valve 48. Flow to the directional control valve 48 is controlled by manual operation of valve 74 on line 72. Fluid along line 70 is also provided under control of manual directional control valve 84 to squeeze cylinders 86, - _________________ which provide the gripping force for the grippers on the chains 22, 23. To prevent damage from running oversized rod through the grippers, extra relief is provided on line 88 by relief valve 90.
17 Each of the motors 20, 21 is provided with a spring actuated brake 90, respectively, which are held open by pressure in fluid line 92. Fluid line 92 also provides pressure to pilots 94, 96, which, when pressured, open the check valves 54 and 55 to allow power fluid from line 50 to power the motors.
18 Line 92 also supplies fluid through check valve 97 and line 98 to chain tension cylinders 100, 101. The chain tension cylinders 100, 101 engage sprockets 102, respectively, which support the continuous chains 22, 23. A pressure relieving valve 104 is provided on line 98 to relieve excess fluid pressure sensed by pilot line 105, for example when the rod or tubing being moved snags on an obstacle. Excess pressure is relieved through line 107 connected to the fluid return 42 through lines 110 and 112. The pressure for the chain tension cylinders 100, 101 is preferably maintained at a relatively low level, for example 500 psi.
19 Fluid in line 92 is supplied via four way directional valve 106 from line 108, which is supplied fluid from the accumulators 64. 66, through line 70. The directional valve 106 is also connected through drain line 110 to drain fluid to the return 42.
Directional control valve 106 is controlled by a pilot 114 that connects through two safety control valves 116 and 118 to the accumulators 64, 66. The control valve 116 functions as a parking brake.
20 Pressure to the motors is regulated by pilot operated pressure relief valves 122 and 132 connected respectively to the lines 39, 38. The relief pressure is set by remote pressure controls 124, 134. When pressure in lines 39, 38 exceeds a pressure set by controls 124, 134 respectively, lines 126, 136 sense the pressure and open valves 122, 132 respectively to drain fluid through lines 128. 138, check valve 139 and line 140 to the return 42. When the parking brake is on, pressure in line 131 opens the check valves 127, 137, and vents the pilots on the valves 122, 124, 132 and 134 to drain, thus setting the valves 122, 132 to drain at zero pressure and disabling the motors 20, 21.
Valve 118 is a main safety valve. When valve 118 is manually operated to the cross-over position, safety brake cylinder 120 is actuated by fluid through line 130 to stop the chains 22, 23. The safety brake cylinder 120 remains activated until released by 100 psi pressure from source 121 through hose 133.
21 The manner in which the hydraulic control system works will now be described.
When the system is hooked up to the tong power lines 30, the valve 36 is set at neutral and fluid runs back through line 140 to the return 42. Valve 82 is also in the neutral position initially.
22 To grip rod with the gripping blocks 23. valve 84 is set to the cross-over position.
which forces the movable chain block 25 laterally towards chain block 26 and grip rod or tubing between the chains 22. 23.
23 To power the motors, the parking brake 116 is released and the main safety valve 118 is placed in the cross-over position to allow pilot line 114 to activate valve 106.
Valve 106 moves into the cross-over position and power fluid supplied though lines 70 and 108 is provided to lines 92 and 142. Fluid in line 92 releases the brakes 90, 91 on the motors 20,21, opens the check valves 54, 55 to allow power fluid to allow power fluid in line 50 to activate the motors 20, 21 and powers the chain tensioners 100, 101 through line 98. Fluid in line 142 activates valve 82 into the straight through position.
24 The speed setting of the tool is selected by valve 74 as follows. The straight through position provides power fluid in line 70 through line 72 to actuate valve 76 to the cross-over position, which forces the motors 20, 21 to operate in parallel, thus providing low speed, high pressure. The cross-over position of valve 74 allows fluid in line 72 to drain to the return 42 through line 112, and the valve 76 resets to the neutral position which forces the motors 20, 21 to operate in series, thus providing a high speed, low pressure operation of the motors 20, 21.
25 When the operator is surc the rod or tubing is gripped, and the brakes are off, valve 80 is manually operated to select up or down motion for the motors. In the cross-over position, fluid in line 70 forces valve 36 into the straight through position. Power fluid then flows through line 38 and line 50 to the motors 20, 21, which will be operating in high speed or low speed depending on the selection of valve 74. The motors 20, 21 will be operating in the upward, pulling direction. When it is desired to lower rod into the well, valve 80 is set to the straight through position, which sets valve 36 into the cross-over position. Power fluid then is supplied through line 39 to counterbalance valve 39, and opens it to allow fluid to drain through lines 38 and 142 to the return.
At the same time, fluid from line 39 is provided along line 58 to power the motors 20, 21 in either high speed or low speed operation depending on the position of valve 74.
Counterbalance valve 44 places a drag on the motors 20, 21 to prevent them from overrunning due to the weight of the rod or tubing.
26 Operation of the valve 80 is used to shut off the motors if desired. The main safety valve 118 may also be operated to engage the stop cylinder 120 (which squeezes the rod to stop it), engage the brakes 90, 91 on the motors 20, 21, and activate the check valves 54, 55 to prevent the motors 20, 21 from operating.
27 The continuous gripper chain unit as well as the motors 20, 21, and cylinders 86, 100, 101 are mounted on the well, while the controls (right side of Fig. 2) are mounted in a separate unit about 30 ft away. Conventional hoses 150, 152 and 154, with quick couplings 151, 153 and 155 may be used to connect the units.
28 In this way, the continuous feed injection unit of the present invention may be operated using the power tong hydraulic power supply of a conventional rig, and may be readily operated in a high speed, low pressure configuration when the well string is held by viscous fluid and a low speed, high pressure configuration when well string is free of viscous fluid.
29 Parts for the control system may be obtained as follows:
Item Description Source Part No.
36, 48 4-way directional control valve Rexroth 4WH22G7X
106 4-way directional valve Rexroth 4WH6D5X
74, 116, 84 4-way directional control valve Rexroth 4WMM6D5X/F
118 4-way directional control valve Rexroth 4WMM1003XJF
54, 55 Pilot check valve Sun CKGB-XCN-HCM
127, 137 Pilot check valve Sun CKCB-XCN-ECJ
62, 139 Check Valve (T-5A CAVITY) Sun CXFA-XAN-DAK
40 50 PSI Check Valve(T-16A CAVITY) Sun CXHA-XDN-IAN
122, 132 Pressure Relief Valvc(T-17A CAVITY) Sun RVGA-LAN-HCM
124 Remote Pressure Control Sun RBAC-KBN-FAJ
134 Remote Pressure Control Sun RBAC-KAN-FAJ
44 Counterbalance Valve Sun CBOO-LJN-HCM
31 Pressure Relief Valve Sun RDFA-LAN-CAL
61 Unloading Valve Denison R4L106-503-12*1 104 Pressure Reducing/Relieving Valve Sun PPFB-LAN-BAL
64,66 2.5gallon Accumulator Accumulators Inc. A-2.5-3100L
26, 21 Hydraulic Motor Pen-nco M7500A767ADNE20-6 90, 91 Brake Eskridge 75C-4-C-4-B068-D
- Gear Reducer (not shown) Heco 20DGF-11-6-31-1 97 lnline Check Valve Parker C820-S
90 Pressure Relief Valve Sun RPEC-KAN-FAJ
86 Squeeze Cylinders C-TECH MK1 G625D109 100, 101 Chain Tensioner Cylinders C-TECH MK1 G625D117 120 6" Safety Cylinder Yates H6M-N6.0P-3.00N2.50TXS11 32 20/80 Gear Type Flow Divider Control Flow 80 4-way directional control valve Rexroth 4WMM6J5XJF
150 3/8" HOSE-30 FT-06NPTM/08JICF Greenline G122R-06M68FJ30 151 Quick Coupling Greenline C701H/702H-06 152 'A" HOSE-30 FT-08NPTM/12JICF Greenline G122R-08M812FJ30 153 Quick Coupling Greenline C701H/702H-08 154 3/4"HOSE-30 FT-12NPTM/16JICT Greenline 0122R-12M1216FJ30 155 Quick Coupling Greenline C701H/70211-12 82 4-way directional control valve Rexroth 4WH6G5X/S0135 33 High Pressure Filter Stauff SF0456208-TIJ/BAT
133 1/4" 250 PSI Pneumatic Hose ¨30 FT. Greenline G222-025M66M30 Immaterial modifications may be made to the invention described here without departing from the essence of the invention. For example, one or more additional motors may be used in parallel and in series.
=
11 There will now be described preferred embodiments of the invention, with reference to the drawings, by way of illustration only and not with the intention of limiting the scope of the invention, in which like numerals denote like elements and in which:
Fig. 1 shows a side view of a service rig with a continuous feed injection unit according to the invention;
Fig. 1A shows a section through a continuous chain drive unit for use with the invention; and Fig. 2 is a schematic of a power supply for use with the continuous feed injection unit of Fig. 1.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
12 In this patent document, "comprising" means "including". In addition, a reference to an element by the indefinite article "a" does not exclude the possibility that more than one of the element is present. A valve as referred to herein need not be a single unit, but may be composed of several valve pieces. For example, the valves 36, 80 and 82 together constitute a single valve.
13 Referring to Fig. 1, there is shown a service rig 10 with a conventional mast 12 from which is suspended a continuous feed injection unit 14 using the conventional travelling block shown. A hydraulic power supply 16 for conventional power tongs (not shown) are provided adjacent the mast 12. Tong hoses 18 lead out from the power supply 16 to the rig 10. The continuous feed injection unit 14, see particularly Fig.
1A, includes a pair of hydraulic motors 20, 21 (Fig. 2) and cooperating continuous chains 22, connected to be driven by the hydraulic motors 20, 21 through shafts 15 of conventional gear reducers (not shown) and sprockets 17. The continuous chains 22, 23 include conventional gripper pads 19 for gripping continuous well string. The hydraulic power supply 16 for the power tongs is connected to provide pressurized fluid to the hydraulic motors 20, 21. A guide 24 provides continuous well string (not shown) from a conventional carousel (not shown) to the continuous chains 22, 23. Squeeze cylinders 86 squeeze the continuous chains 22, 23 between two free wheeling chain blocks 25, 26, by moving the chain block 25 laterally towards the fixed chain block 26. The chain block 25 is mounted on the cylinders 86. The squeeze cylinders preferably excerpt a high pressure in the order of 120,000 psi to grip and hold continuous rod. A lower pressure is used for coiled tubing. Chain tension cylinders 100, 101 are connected to sprockets 103, 102 respectively to maintain tension in the chain. The gripper blocks 23 and chains 22, 23 are conventional chains.
14 Referring to Fig. 2, there is shown a control system 13 for the hydraulic power supply 16. Pressurized power fluid at for example 40 gpm and 2500 psi is supplied through line 30 and filter 33 to flow divider 32. A fraction for example 20%
of the flow is C1. 02351648 2001-06-25 diverted to auxiliary safety system 34. The remainder of the flow is direction to a directional control valve 36 which provides either straight through flow to lines 38, 39 or cross-over flow to reverse direction of fluid flow. Flow returns through check valve 40 to return 42. A pressure relief valve 31 is provided directly between the line 30 and return 42 to relieve excess pressure in the line 30.
In the case where fluid flow is straight through valve 36, which corresponds to the chains 22, 23 being operated to pull or lift well string from a well, the flow bypasses counterbalance valve 44 through check valve 46 and is provided directly to hydraulic motor 20. fhe power fluid is also provided to four way directional control valve 48, which controls flow to the hydraulic motors 20, 21 to govern the speed at which the motors 20, 21 operate. The control valve 48 functions as a motor speed control valve. In a first operating configuration, control valve 48 supplies fluid from line 50 to line 52 and then through valve 54 to motor 21, so that the motors 20, 21 operated in parallel. In a second operating configuration, directional valve 48 supplies power fluid that has passed through motor 20 along line 56 along line 52 through valve 54 to motor 21 so that the motors 20, 21 operate in series. In eithcr case, the power fluid is returned through line 58 and check valve 40 to the return 42. Direction of movement of the motors 20, 21 is controlled by manually operated valve 80 and directional control valve 82, which control the control ports of directional valve 36, to set the directional valve 36 to the cross-over position, neutral position or straight through position. The valves 36, 80 and 82 function as a motor direction control valve.
16 Flow from flow divider 32 is directed along line 60 through check valves 62 to accumulators 64 and 66 in thc auxiliary safety system 34. An unloading valve 61 is provided on the auxiliary line 60 to direct flow to the return 42 when high pressure is sensed on line 63. Line 68 provides control fluid through lines 70 and 72 to the control port 76 on directional control valve 48. Flow to the directional control valve 48 is controlled by manual operation of valve 74 on line 72. Fluid along line 70 is also provided under control of manual directional control valve 84 to squeeze cylinders 86, - _________________ which provide the gripping force for the grippers on the chains 22, 23. To prevent damage from running oversized rod through the grippers, extra relief is provided on line 88 by relief valve 90.
17 Each of the motors 20, 21 is provided with a spring actuated brake 90, respectively, which are held open by pressure in fluid line 92. Fluid line 92 also provides pressure to pilots 94, 96, which, when pressured, open the check valves 54 and 55 to allow power fluid from line 50 to power the motors.
18 Line 92 also supplies fluid through check valve 97 and line 98 to chain tension cylinders 100, 101. The chain tension cylinders 100, 101 engage sprockets 102, respectively, which support the continuous chains 22, 23. A pressure relieving valve 104 is provided on line 98 to relieve excess fluid pressure sensed by pilot line 105, for example when the rod or tubing being moved snags on an obstacle. Excess pressure is relieved through line 107 connected to the fluid return 42 through lines 110 and 112. The pressure for the chain tension cylinders 100, 101 is preferably maintained at a relatively low level, for example 500 psi.
19 Fluid in line 92 is supplied via four way directional valve 106 from line 108, which is supplied fluid from the accumulators 64. 66, through line 70. The directional valve 106 is also connected through drain line 110 to drain fluid to the return 42.
Directional control valve 106 is controlled by a pilot 114 that connects through two safety control valves 116 and 118 to the accumulators 64, 66. The control valve 116 functions as a parking brake.
20 Pressure to the motors is regulated by pilot operated pressure relief valves 122 and 132 connected respectively to the lines 39, 38. The relief pressure is set by remote pressure controls 124, 134. When pressure in lines 39, 38 exceeds a pressure set by controls 124, 134 respectively, lines 126, 136 sense the pressure and open valves 122, 132 respectively to drain fluid through lines 128. 138, check valve 139 and line 140 to the return 42. When the parking brake is on, pressure in line 131 opens the check valves 127, 137, and vents the pilots on the valves 122, 124, 132 and 134 to drain, thus setting the valves 122, 132 to drain at zero pressure and disabling the motors 20, 21.
Valve 118 is a main safety valve. When valve 118 is manually operated to the cross-over position, safety brake cylinder 120 is actuated by fluid through line 130 to stop the chains 22, 23. The safety brake cylinder 120 remains activated until released by 100 psi pressure from source 121 through hose 133.
21 The manner in which the hydraulic control system works will now be described.
When the system is hooked up to the tong power lines 30, the valve 36 is set at neutral and fluid runs back through line 140 to the return 42. Valve 82 is also in the neutral position initially.
22 To grip rod with the gripping blocks 23. valve 84 is set to the cross-over position.
which forces the movable chain block 25 laterally towards chain block 26 and grip rod or tubing between the chains 22. 23.
23 To power the motors, the parking brake 116 is released and the main safety valve 118 is placed in the cross-over position to allow pilot line 114 to activate valve 106.
Valve 106 moves into the cross-over position and power fluid supplied though lines 70 and 108 is provided to lines 92 and 142. Fluid in line 92 releases the brakes 90, 91 on the motors 20,21, opens the check valves 54, 55 to allow power fluid to allow power fluid in line 50 to activate the motors 20, 21 and powers the chain tensioners 100, 101 through line 98. Fluid in line 142 activates valve 82 into the straight through position.
24 The speed setting of the tool is selected by valve 74 as follows. The straight through position provides power fluid in line 70 through line 72 to actuate valve 76 to the cross-over position, which forces the motors 20, 21 to operate in parallel, thus providing low speed, high pressure. The cross-over position of valve 74 allows fluid in line 72 to drain to the return 42 through line 112, and the valve 76 resets to the neutral position which forces the motors 20, 21 to operate in series, thus providing a high speed, low pressure operation of the motors 20, 21.
25 When the operator is surc the rod or tubing is gripped, and the brakes are off, valve 80 is manually operated to select up or down motion for the motors. In the cross-over position, fluid in line 70 forces valve 36 into the straight through position. Power fluid then flows through line 38 and line 50 to the motors 20, 21, which will be operating in high speed or low speed depending on the selection of valve 74. The motors 20, 21 will be operating in the upward, pulling direction. When it is desired to lower rod into the well, valve 80 is set to the straight through position, which sets valve 36 into the cross-over position. Power fluid then is supplied through line 39 to counterbalance valve 39, and opens it to allow fluid to drain through lines 38 and 142 to the return.
At the same time, fluid from line 39 is provided along line 58 to power the motors 20, 21 in either high speed or low speed operation depending on the position of valve 74.
Counterbalance valve 44 places a drag on the motors 20, 21 to prevent them from overrunning due to the weight of the rod or tubing.
26 Operation of the valve 80 is used to shut off the motors if desired. The main safety valve 118 may also be operated to engage the stop cylinder 120 (which squeezes the rod to stop it), engage the brakes 90, 91 on the motors 20, 21, and activate the check valves 54, 55 to prevent the motors 20, 21 from operating.
27 The continuous gripper chain unit as well as the motors 20, 21, and cylinders 86, 100, 101 are mounted on the well, while the controls (right side of Fig. 2) are mounted in a separate unit about 30 ft away. Conventional hoses 150, 152 and 154, with quick couplings 151, 153 and 155 may be used to connect the units.
28 In this way, the continuous feed injection unit of the present invention may be operated using the power tong hydraulic power supply of a conventional rig, and may be readily operated in a high speed, low pressure configuration when the well string is held by viscous fluid and a low speed, high pressure configuration when well string is free of viscous fluid.
29 Parts for the control system may be obtained as follows:
Item Description Source Part No.
36, 48 4-way directional control valve Rexroth 4WH22G7X
106 4-way directional valve Rexroth 4WH6D5X
74, 116, 84 4-way directional control valve Rexroth 4WMM6D5X/F
118 4-way directional control valve Rexroth 4WMM1003XJF
54, 55 Pilot check valve Sun CKGB-XCN-HCM
127, 137 Pilot check valve Sun CKCB-XCN-ECJ
62, 139 Check Valve (T-5A CAVITY) Sun CXFA-XAN-DAK
40 50 PSI Check Valve(T-16A CAVITY) Sun CXHA-XDN-IAN
122, 132 Pressure Relief Valvc(T-17A CAVITY) Sun RVGA-LAN-HCM
124 Remote Pressure Control Sun RBAC-KBN-FAJ
134 Remote Pressure Control Sun RBAC-KAN-FAJ
44 Counterbalance Valve Sun CBOO-LJN-HCM
31 Pressure Relief Valve Sun RDFA-LAN-CAL
61 Unloading Valve Denison R4L106-503-12*1 104 Pressure Reducing/Relieving Valve Sun PPFB-LAN-BAL
64,66 2.5gallon Accumulator Accumulators Inc. A-2.5-3100L
26, 21 Hydraulic Motor Pen-nco M7500A767ADNE20-6 90, 91 Brake Eskridge 75C-4-C-4-B068-D
- Gear Reducer (not shown) Heco 20DGF-11-6-31-1 97 lnline Check Valve Parker C820-S
90 Pressure Relief Valve Sun RPEC-KAN-FAJ
86 Squeeze Cylinders C-TECH MK1 G625D109 100, 101 Chain Tensioner Cylinders C-TECH MK1 G625D117 120 6" Safety Cylinder Yates H6M-N6.0P-3.00N2.50TXS11 32 20/80 Gear Type Flow Divider Control Flow 80 4-way directional control valve Rexroth 4WMM6J5XJF
150 3/8" HOSE-30 FT-06NPTM/08JICF Greenline G122R-06M68FJ30 151 Quick Coupling Greenline C701H/702H-06 152 'A" HOSE-30 FT-08NPTM/12JICF Greenline G122R-08M812FJ30 153 Quick Coupling Greenline C701H/702H-08 154 3/4"HOSE-30 FT-12NPTM/16JICT Greenline 0122R-12M1216FJ30 155 Quick Coupling Greenline C701H/70211-12 82 4-way directional control valve Rexroth 4WH6G5X/S0135 33 High Pressure Filter Stauff SF0456208-TIJ/BAT
133 1/4" 250 PSI Pneumatic Hose ¨30 FT. Greenline G222-025M66M30 Immaterial modifications may be made to the invention described here without departing from the essence of the invention. For example, one or more additional motors may be used in parallel and in series.
=
Claims (7)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A continuous feed injection unit, comprising:
a first hydraulic motor;
a second hydraulic motor;
cooperating continuous well string gripping chains connected to be driven by the first and second hydraulic motors;
a hydraulic power supply connected to provide pressurized fluid to the first and second hydraulic motors, and each of the first and second hydraulic motors being connected through respective first and second drain lines to a hydraulic fluid return to form an open loop hydraulic supply;
a control system for the hydraulic power supply;
the control system for the hydraulic power supply having a motor speed control valve with at least a first and second operating configuration, the first operating configuration providing power fluid to the first and second hydraulic motors in parallel and the second operating configuration providing power fluid to the first and second hydraulic motors in series;
the control system for the hydraulic power supply incorporating a motor direction control valve through which the power fluid flows, the motor direction control valve being configured to reverse flow of power fluid through the first and second hydraulic motors; and the continuous chains comprising a first continuous chain and a second continuous chain, the first continuous chain being driven by the first hydraulic motor and the second continuous chain being driven by the second hydraulic motor.
a first hydraulic motor;
a second hydraulic motor;
cooperating continuous well string gripping chains connected to be driven by the first and second hydraulic motors;
a hydraulic power supply connected to provide pressurized fluid to the first and second hydraulic motors, and each of the first and second hydraulic motors being connected through respective first and second drain lines to a hydraulic fluid return to form an open loop hydraulic supply;
a control system for the hydraulic power supply;
the control system for the hydraulic power supply having a motor speed control valve with at least a first and second operating configuration, the first operating configuration providing power fluid to the first and second hydraulic motors in parallel and the second operating configuration providing power fluid to the first and second hydraulic motors in series;
the control system for the hydraulic power supply incorporating a motor direction control valve through which the power fluid flows, the motor direction control valve being configured to reverse flow of power fluid through the first and second hydraulic motors; and the continuous chains comprising a first continuous chain and a second continuous chain, the first continuous chain being driven by the first hydraulic motor and the second continuous chain being driven by the second hydraulic motor.
2. The continuous feed injection unit of claim 1 in which the continuous feed injection unit is suspended from the travelling block of a rig.
3. The continuous feed injection unit of claim 1 or 2 in which the continuous feed injection unit is suspended from the travelling block of a service rig.
4. The continuous feed injection unit of claim 1, 2, or 3 in which the first and second hydraulic motors are gear motors.
5. The continuous feed injection unit of claim 1, 2, 3 or 4 in which the hydraulic power supply is a power supply for power tongs.
6. A method of pulling well string from a well penetrating a heavy oil reservoir, the method comprising the steps of:
pulling well string through heavy oil using at least two motors in parallel;
and when the well string is free of the heavy oil, pulling the well string using the two motors in series to pull the well string more rapidly from the well than the well string was pulled through the heavy oil.
pulling well string through heavy oil using at least two motors in parallel;
and when the well string is free of the heavy oil, pulling the well string using the two motors in series to pull the well string more rapidly from the well than the well string was pulled through the heavy oil.
7. The method of claim 6 in which the two motors are powered by a power tong hydraulic power supply of a service rig.
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2797911A CA2797911C (en) | 2001-06-25 | 2001-06-25 | Well string injection system and method |
| CA2351648A CA2351648C (en) | 2001-06-25 | 2001-06-25 | Well string injection system and method |
| US10/423,826 US7032676B2 (en) | 2001-06-25 | 2003-04-24 | Well string injection system and method |
| US11/288,931 US7383879B2 (en) | 2001-06-25 | 2005-11-28 | Well string injection system and method |
| US11/824,776 US20080017388A1 (en) | 2001-06-25 | 2007-07-02 | Well string injection system and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2351648A CA2351648C (en) | 2001-06-25 | 2001-06-25 | Well string injection system and method |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2797911A Division CA2797911C (en) | 2001-06-25 | 2001-06-25 | Well string injection system and method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2351648A1 CA2351648A1 (en) | 2002-02-21 |
| CA2351648C true CA2351648C (en) | 2013-12-03 |
Family
ID=4169346
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2797911A Expired - Lifetime CA2797911C (en) | 2001-06-25 | 2001-06-25 | Well string injection system and method |
| CA2351648A Expired - Lifetime CA2351648C (en) | 2001-06-25 | 2001-06-25 | Well string injection system and method |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2797911A Expired - Lifetime CA2797911C (en) | 2001-06-25 | 2001-06-25 | Well string injection system and method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (2) | CA2797911C (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USRE43410E1 (en) | 1997-05-02 | 2012-05-29 | Varco I/P, Inc. | Universal carrier for grippers in a coiled tubing injector |
| US20030201099A1 (en) * | 2002-04-25 | 2003-10-30 | Varco I/P, Inc. | Coiled tubing injector with flow limiter |
| US9995094B2 (en) | 2014-03-10 | 2018-06-12 | Consolidated Rig Works L.P. | Powered milling clamp for drill pipe |
| US10787870B1 (en) | 2018-02-07 | 2020-09-29 | Consolidated Rig Works L.P. | Jointed pipe injector |
| CN109083606B (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2024-01-12 | 鼎实智能装备（青岛）有限公司 | Suspension type calandria manipulator for drilling and repairing well |
-
2001
- 2001-06-25 CA CA2797911A patent/CA2797911C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-06-25 CA CA2351648A patent/CA2351648C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2351648A1 (en) | 2002-02-21 |
| CA2797911A1 (en) | 2002-02-21 |
| CA2797911C (en) | 2013-05-28 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKEX | Expiry |
Effective date: 20210625 |