CA2347636C - Rotatable flap folder - Google Patents
Rotatable flap folder Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2347636C CA2347636C CA002347636A CA2347636A CA2347636C CA 2347636 C CA2347636 C CA 2347636C CA 002347636 A CA002347636 A CA 002347636A CA 2347636 A CA2347636 A CA 2347636A CA 2347636 C CA2347636 C CA 2347636C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- flap
- carton
- folder
- blade
- helical
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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- Making Paper Articles (AREA)
- Closing Of Containers (AREA)
- Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
Abstract
A cylindrical segment having a longitudinal axis has a helical edge which serves as a static flap folding edge for a carton in translatory motion with respect to the cylindrical segment. The cylindrical segment is reciprocally rotatable about an axis such that when the cylindrical segment rotates the helical edge progressively engages and folds a flap of a carton disposed at the helical edge.
Description
, , v ~ v, LV l' : ~ G . L '! " v a a ~e CA 02347636 2001-04-20 n.r. t i r t -, , - _ 01-'i2-2000 I US 009924617 RUTATABLE FLAP' F4ff)ER
The invention relates to contvtuou~rnotion cartoning rn~3chines and, more particularly, relates to a mechanism capable of operating as both a st~3tic flap folder and a rotatabfy reciprocating flap folder.
Continuous-motion czrtoning machines are useful for prsckaging multiple articles such as beverage cans in cartons or other packaging components. An example of a continudus~
motion cartoning machine is shown in U.S. patent No. ~s,241, 806 to Ziegler et al.
W a castoning (or packaging) machine, a flap folder generally causes the side or end flap of a side- or end-loaded carton to be folded' into flat face re:lattonship with an end or side panel or flap to which glue has been applied. The opcra~:ion of a packaging (cartoninb) machine is sometimZS interrupted before a side or end flap is folded into face-to-face 1 S contact with the side or end panel and~or flap to which flue has 6cen applied. It can be appreciated that it would be useful to have a means for folding a carton flap into a sealable position with respect to an end or side panel andJor flap to which an adhesive has been applied when the operation of the machine has been inu:rrupted. It can be further appreciated that it would be useful to have such a means that also folds carton flapsto a sealable position during regular continuous motion of the machine.
In US 3~8 758, there is shown a folder to fold a statioy~ carton. The folder has a helical element tEtat rotates about an axis perpendicular to the folding action of the flap. The helical element comprises a pear of helically wound meimbers which pass under the flaps 23 and fold the flaps inwardly.
The present invention and its preferred embodiments seek to overeorne or at least smitigate the problems of the prior art, One aspect of the invention provides a rotatabie t7ap folder far folding a flap of a carton durinm continuous for~'ard movernent of the cartanwhich folder comprises a helical blade having a longitudinally extending helical edge, and means to rotate the efernent characterised in that the helical blade is rotated about it, lonbltudinai axis so AMENDED SHEET
'CA 02347636 2001-04-20 ~~'~ ~ u~~.m.u au.r ~luT ~ ar c:v ya;o:rt-tots. rF l J
.__....... _.~y;"i~juWit.c:W ~~~~'~~av v .__ _.. _ to _ that the helical edge progressively engages and thereby fblds the flap of a carton disposed adjacent the helical edge.
A second aspect of the invention provides a rotatable flap folder for folding a flap en a carton which folder comprises an element having a longitudinally extending helical edge, and means to rotate the blade about its longitudinal axis so that the heiica!
edge progressively engages and thereby folds the flap of a carton disposed adjacent the helical edge cbar~cteris~i in that the element comprises a helic~~! blade and in that an outer arcuate face of the blade is urged into contact with the folded flap as the blade continues to rotate following folding of the fi7ap. Preferably, a conveyor :.may be provided to cause relative longitudinal s'nevcwent between the blade and the Carton.
According to an optional feature of the second aspect of the invention the helical bladernay be adapted to serve as a static flap folding edge for a carton in tran5latory motion with respect to the blade.
According! to another optional feature of the second aspect of the invention the helical blade may be rotatable about the longitudinal axis ther~y~ to urge the flap into face contacting relationship with an end of the carton.
According to amther optional feature of the second aspect ofthe invention the foldermay be rotated to and fro in a reciprocal manner.
According to another optional feattue of the second aspe;et of the iw ention the outer face of the blade may be arcuate. Preferably, the outer face ntay be a substantially ''U" shaped prof ie.
A third aspect of the invention provides a method for c1«sing a carton flap eotnprising disposing a carton having an extended carton flap adjacent a rotatable flag folder wherein the extended carton flap is disposed proximate the helical edge; then rotatingthe helical blade to fold the flap adjacent the helical edge, and continue folding the flap b}' abutment with the outer arcuate face of the blade thereby to urge the carton AMENDED SHEET
i , v ~ v. L v t V I .. . L l' '~ ~ ~ w 'd I ~ 02347636 2001-04-20 ~~ v~ ' ~ ' ° ~ ' t 01-12-2000 I b US 009924617 flap into face-to.face relationship with an end of the carton. Preferably, the helical blade may be rotated about 94 de~rees-According to an optional feature of the third aspect of the: invention, prior to engagerncnt of the carton by the helical blade adhesive may be applied to an end wall of the carton to which the carton flap is to be pressed along a line which is coincident with a tantent line along which a cylindrical wall of the cylindrical segment structure contacts the carton.
AMENDED SHEET
The invention relates to contvtuou~rnotion cartoning rn~3chines and, more particularly, relates to a mechanism capable of operating as both a st~3tic flap folder and a rotatabfy reciprocating flap folder.
Continuous-motion czrtoning machines are useful for prsckaging multiple articles such as beverage cans in cartons or other packaging components. An example of a continudus~
motion cartoning machine is shown in U.S. patent No. ~s,241, 806 to Ziegler et al.
W a castoning (or packaging) machine, a flap folder generally causes the side or end flap of a side- or end-loaded carton to be folded' into flat face re:lattonship with an end or side panel or flap to which glue has been applied. The opcra~:ion of a packaging (cartoninb) machine is sometimZS interrupted before a side or end flap is folded into face-to-face 1 S contact with the side or end panel and~or flap to which flue has 6cen applied. It can be appreciated that it would be useful to have a means for folding a carton flap into a sealable position with respect to an end or side panel andJor flap to which an adhesive has been applied when the operation of the machine has been inu:rrupted. It can be further appreciated that it would be useful to have such a means that also folds carton flapsto a sealable position during regular continuous motion of the machine.
In US 3~8 758, there is shown a folder to fold a statioy~ carton. The folder has a helical element tEtat rotates about an axis perpendicular to the folding action of the flap. The helical element comprises a pear of helically wound meimbers which pass under the flaps 23 and fold the flaps inwardly.
The present invention and its preferred embodiments seek to overeorne or at least smitigate the problems of the prior art, One aspect of the invention provides a rotatabie t7ap folder far folding a flap of a carton durinm continuous for~'ard movernent of the cartanwhich folder comprises a helical blade having a longitudinally extending helical edge, and means to rotate the efernent characterised in that the helical blade is rotated about it, lonbltudinai axis so AMENDED SHEET
'CA 02347636 2001-04-20 ~~'~ ~ u~~.m.u au.r ~luT ~ ar c:v ya;o:rt-tots. rF l J
.__....... _.~y;"i~juWit.c:W ~~~~'~~av v .__ _.. _ to _ that the helical edge progressively engages and thereby fblds the flap of a carton disposed adjacent the helical edge.
A second aspect of the invention provides a rotatable flap folder for folding a flap en a carton which folder comprises an element having a longitudinally extending helical edge, and means to rotate the blade about its longitudinal axis so that the heiica!
edge progressively engages and thereby folds the flap of a carton disposed adjacent the helical edge cbar~cteris~i in that the element comprises a helic~~! blade and in that an outer arcuate face of the blade is urged into contact with the folded flap as the blade continues to rotate following folding of the fi7ap. Preferably, a conveyor :.may be provided to cause relative longitudinal s'nevcwent between the blade and the Carton.
According to an optional feature of the second aspect of the invention the helical bladernay be adapted to serve as a static flap folding edge for a carton in tran5latory motion with respect to the blade.
According! to another optional feature of the second aspect of the invention the helical blade may be rotatable about the longitudinal axis ther~y~ to urge the flap into face contacting relationship with an end of the carton.
According to amther optional feature of the second aspect ofthe invention the foldermay be rotated to and fro in a reciprocal manner.
According to another optional feattue of the second aspe;et of the iw ention the outer face of the blade may be arcuate. Preferably, the outer face ntay be a substantially ''U" shaped prof ie.
A third aspect of the invention provides a method for c1«sing a carton flap eotnprising disposing a carton having an extended carton flap adjacent a rotatable flag folder wherein the extended carton flap is disposed proximate the helical edge; then rotatingthe helical blade to fold the flap adjacent the helical edge, and continue folding the flap b}' abutment with the outer arcuate face of the blade thereby to urge the carton AMENDED SHEET
i , v ~ v. L v t V I .. . L l' '~ ~ ~ w 'd I ~ 02347636 2001-04-20 ~~ v~ ' ~ ' ° ~ ' t 01-12-2000 I b US 009924617 flap into face-to.face relationship with an end of the carton. Preferably, the helical blade may be rotated about 94 de~rees-According to an optional feature of the third aspect of the: invention, prior to engagerncnt of the carton by the helical blade adhesive may be applied to an end wall of the carton to which the carton flap is to be pressed along a line which is coincident with a tantent line along which a cylindrical wall of the cylindrical segment structure contacts the carton.
AMENDED SHEET
Other advantages and objects of the present invention will be apparent from the following description, the accompanying drawings, and the appended claims.
Brief Description of thn Drawings Fig. 1 is an isometric illustration of a continuous-motion cartoning machine suitable for incorporation of a rotatable flap folder, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is an isometric illustration of a rotat;able flap folder, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, suitable for use in the machine environment of Fig. 1 illustrated with cartons engaged in translatory motion with respect to the flap folder.
Fig. 3 is an isometric illustration of the rotatable flap folder of Fig. 2 illustrated in conjunction with a carton having unfolded, unsealed flaps, wherein the carton is stationary.
Fig. 4 is the isometric illustration of the invention as shown in Fig. 3 but wherein the invention has been rotated to close the flaps that were extended in Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a downstream, end view of the invention in conjunction with a carton as is shown isometrically in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Throughout the drawings the same reference numerals are used to denote the same or Iike features of the invention.
Referring first to Fig. 1, therein is illustrated a continuous-motion cartoning machine M, suitable for incorporation of a rotatable flap folder in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention.1n the machine, the carton hopper 10 receives collapsed cartons C stacked in substantially upright condition as shown.
Cartons C are withdrawn from the carton hopper 10 by the adjustable carton feeder 20 and then deposited in substantially erect condition at the beginning of the carton conveyor 30. As cartons are continuously engaged and translated through the machine M, articles, such as beverage cans, to be packaged in the cartons C .are also translated through the machine in synchronous motion with the cartons. An article conveyor 40 and article lane arrangement SO form an article transport that urges the articles into the cartons C.
Article-engaging wheels 60 complete the process of placement of the articles into cartons C. Side-flap folding wheels '70 (partially obstructed in Fig. 1) engage and inwardly fold the side flaps of cartons having side flaps. Glue is applied to the cartons C
at a gluing station 80. At a sealing station 90, end flaps of the cartons C
are pressed and held into contact with glue that has been previouslly applied. Packaged, sealed cartons are ejected from the machine at the ejection station 100.
Referring now to Fig. 2, therein is illustrated a rotatable flap folder 800 disposed adjacent cartons C1, C2 traveling in translatory motion with respect to the flap folder 800. The cartons C l, C2 are traveling downstream in a direction indicated by the direction arrow 801. The carton C 1 which is upstz~eam, particularly with respect to the downstream carton C2, has end or side flaps E, F which lie extended away from the end/side walls of the carton C 1. The terms "end'' and "side" may be considered interchangeable in the description of the invention. the structure of the cartons C.and the operation of the invention are the same irrespE:ctive of whether the flaps to be folded are referred to as "side" flaps or "end" flaps. Simiilarly,the term "flap" is interchangeable with the term "panel."
In a packaging/cartoning machine glue typically has been applied prior to the arrival of the cartons C at the flap folder 800. Thf; flap folder 800 is a structure 802 which is generally a segment of a cylinder which is formed about an axis 803.
The cylindrical segment 802 has a helical edge 804 which is its flap-contacting portion. It is to be noted that in a typical machine environment a flap folder is disposed at either side of the carton. Only one flap folder is shown in the accompanying figures for clarity and brevity. The structure and operation of an opposing flap folder would mirror that of the WO 00/23321 PCT/US99l24617 flap folder 800 illustrated and discussed. Illustration and discussion of one flap folder 800 does not and is not intended to limit the scope or applicability of the invention.
As the upstream carton C 1 with extended maps E, F translates downstream the extended flaps E, F and helical edge 804 of the flap folder 800 (as previously noted, a second flap folder is not depicted for brevity and clarity) engage one another in a progressive manner such that as the flap F travels the path of the helical edge it is ultimately pressed into face-to-face relationship with the endlside of the carton C. In this manner, the flap folder 800 serves as a stationary folding device.
Referring now to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the method of operation of the invention as a reciprocally-rotating flap folder is illustrated. A carton C3 is shown in phantom view so that the elements of the invention and the operation thereof can be clearly seen. The carton C3 is shown in a substantially stationary position although the invention is also applicable to cartons which are in translatory motion as depicted in Fig. 2.
The carton C3 is shown in a substantially stationary position because this is the situation of greatest applicability of the invention. In order to close thc; flap F of the stationary carton C3, the flap folder 800 is rotated about the axis 803 such that the helical edge 804 urges the flap F downward and inward into face-to-face relationship with the end/side of the carton C3. The degree of rotation is that suitable to ensure closure of the flap. In the preferred embodiment illustrated in Fig. 4, a suitable rotation of 90 degrees has been used.
Referring now to Fig. 5, the cylindrical segment 802 can be made to rotate by any known drive train means; for example, a motor driving a drive shaft 806 which is coaxial with the axis 803 and at least one spoke element 808 interconnecting the drive shaft and cylindrical segment 802.
Referring now simultaneously to Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, an additional feature of the invention is shown. The invention 800 is disposed at the path of a carton C
such that a line along the endlside wall of the carton C is coincident with the tangent line of cylindrical segment 802. In the method employed in accordance with the invention, a bead of glue (exaggerated for clarity in Fig 5) is applied along the tangent line G so that the wall of the cylindrical segment 802 presses the flap F against the glue line G during translation of the carton C downstream and also upon rotation of the cylindrical segment 802.
The structure of the invention provides a flap folder 800 which is capable of 5 functioning as a stationary flap folder for cartons C in translatory motion and a reciprocally-rotatable flap folder for a stationary or moving carton C.
Modifications may be made in the foregoing without departing from the scope and spirit of the claimed invention.
What is claimed is:
Brief Description of thn Drawings Fig. 1 is an isometric illustration of a continuous-motion cartoning machine suitable for incorporation of a rotatable flap folder, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is an isometric illustration of a rotat;able flap folder, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, suitable for use in the machine environment of Fig. 1 illustrated with cartons engaged in translatory motion with respect to the flap folder.
Fig. 3 is an isometric illustration of the rotatable flap folder of Fig. 2 illustrated in conjunction with a carton having unfolded, unsealed flaps, wherein the carton is stationary.
Fig. 4 is the isometric illustration of the invention as shown in Fig. 3 but wherein the invention has been rotated to close the flaps that were extended in Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a downstream, end view of the invention in conjunction with a carton as is shown isometrically in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Throughout the drawings the same reference numerals are used to denote the same or Iike features of the invention.
Referring first to Fig. 1, therein is illustrated a continuous-motion cartoning machine M, suitable for incorporation of a rotatable flap folder in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention.1n the machine, the carton hopper 10 receives collapsed cartons C stacked in substantially upright condition as shown.
Cartons C are withdrawn from the carton hopper 10 by the adjustable carton feeder 20 and then deposited in substantially erect condition at the beginning of the carton conveyor 30. As cartons are continuously engaged and translated through the machine M, articles, such as beverage cans, to be packaged in the cartons C .are also translated through the machine in synchronous motion with the cartons. An article conveyor 40 and article lane arrangement SO form an article transport that urges the articles into the cartons C.
Article-engaging wheels 60 complete the process of placement of the articles into cartons C. Side-flap folding wheels '70 (partially obstructed in Fig. 1) engage and inwardly fold the side flaps of cartons having side flaps. Glue is applied to the cartons C
at a gluing station 80. At a sealing station 90, end flaps of the cartons C
are pressed and held into contact with glue that has been previouslly applied. Packaged, sealed cartons are ejected from the machine at the ejection station 100.
Referring now to Fig. 2, therein is illustrated a rotatable flap folder 800 disposed adjacent cartons C1, C2 traveling in translatory motion with respect to the flap folder 800. The cartons C l, C2 are traveling downstream in a direction indicated by the direction arrow 801. The carton C 1 which is upstz~eam, particularly with respect to the downstream carton C2, has end or side flaps E, F which lie extended away from the end/side walls of the carton C 1. The terms "end'' and "side" may be considered interchangeable in the description of the invention. the structure of the cartons C.and the operation of the invention are the same irrespE:ctive of whether the flaps to be folded are referred to as "side" flaps or "end" flaps. Simiilarly,the term "flap" is interchangeable with the term "panel."
In a packaging/cartoning machine glue typically has been applied prior to the arrival of the cartons C at the flap folder 800. Thf; flap folder 800 is a structure 802 which is generally a segment of a cylinder which is formed about an axis 803.
The cylindrical segment 802 has a helical edge 804 which is its flap-contacting portion. It is to be noted that in a typical machine environment a flap folder is disposed at either side of the carton. Only one flap folder is shown in the accompanying figures for clarity and brevity. The structure and operation of an opposing flap folder would mirror that of the WO 00/23321 PCT/US99l24617 flap folder 800 illustrated and discussed. Illustration and discussion of one flap folder 800 does not and is not intended to limit the scope or applicability of the invention.
As the upstream carton C 1 with extended maps E, F translates downstream the extended flaps E, F and helical edge 804 of the flap folder 800 (as previously noted, a second flap folder is not depicted for brevity and clarity) engage one another in a progressive manner such that as the flap F travels the path of the helical edge it is ultimately pressed into face-to-face relationship with the endlside of the carton C. In this manner, the flap folder 800 serves as a stationary folding device.
Referring now to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the method of operation of the invention as a reciprocally-rotating flap folder is illustrated. A carton C3 is shown in phantom view so that the elements of the invention and the operation thereof can be clearly seen. The carton C3 is shown in a substantially stationary position although the invention is also applicable to cartons which are in translatory motion as depicted in Fig. 2.
The carton C3 is shown in a substantially stationary position because this is the situation of greatest applicability of the invention. In order to close thc; flap F of the stationary carton C3, the flap folder 800 is rotated about the axis 803 such that the helical edge 804 urges the flap F downward and inward into face-to-face relationship with the end/side of the carton C3. The degree of rotation is that suitable to ensure closure of the flap. In the preferred embodiment illustrated in Fig. 4, a suitable rotation of 90 degrees has been used.
Referring now to Fig. 5, the cylindrical segment 802 can be made to rotate by any known drive train means; for example, a motor driving a drive shaft 806 which is coaxial with the axis 803 and at least one spoke element 808 interconnecting the drive shaft and cylindrical segment 802.
Referring now simultaneously to Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, an additional feature of the invention is shown. The invention 800 is disposed at the path of a carton C
such that a line along the endlside wall of the carton C is coincident with the tangent line of cylindrical segment 802. In the method employed in accordance with the invention, a bead of glue (exaggerated for clarity in Fig 5) is applied along the tangent line G so that the wall of the cylindrical segment 802 presses the flap F against the glue line G during translation of the carton C downstream and also upon rotation of the cylindrical segment 802.
The structure of the invention provides a flap folder 800 which is capable of 5 functioning as a stationary flap folder for cartons C in translatory motion and a reciprocally-rotatable flap folder for a stationary or moving carton C.
Modifications may be made in the foregoing without departing from the scope and spirit of the claimed invention.
What is claimed is:
Claims (10)
1. A rotatable flap folder for folding a flap on a carton which folder comprises an element having a longitudinally extending helical edge, and means to rotate the element about its longitudinal axis so that the helical edge progressively engages and thereby folds the flap of a carton disposed adjacent the helical edge, characterized in that the element comprises a helical blade and in that an outer arcuate face of the blade is urged into contact with the folded flap as the blade continues to rotate following folding of the flap.
2. A rotatable flap folder as claimed in claim 1, wherein a conveyor is provided to cause relative longitudinal movement between the blade and the carton.
3. A rotatable flap folder as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the helical blade can be adapted to serve as a static flap folding edge for a carton in translatory motion with respect to the blade.
4. A rotatable flap folder as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said helical blade is rotatable about the longitudinal axis thereby to urge the flap into face contacting relationship with an end of the carton.
5. A rotatable flap folder as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the folder is rotated in a reciprocating manner about its longitudinal axis.
6. A rotatable flap folder as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the outer face of the blade is arcuate.
7. A rotatable flap folder as claimed in claim 6, wherein the outer face is a substantially "U" shaped profile.
8. A method for closing a carton flap comprising disposing a carton having an extended carton flap adjacent a rotatable flap folder as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the extended carton flap is disposed proximate the helical edge:
then rotating said helical blade to fold the flap adjacent the helical edge, and continue folding the flap by abutment with the outer arcuate face of the blade thereby to urge the carton flap into face-to-face relationship with an end of the carton.
then rotating said helical blade to fold the flap adjacent the helical edge, and continue folding the flap by abutment with the outer arcuate face of the blade thereby to urge the carton flap into face-to-face relationship with an end of the carton.
9. The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the helical blade is rotated about 90 degrees.
10. The method as claimed in claim 8 or claim 9, wherein prior to engagement of the carton by said helical blade adhesive is applied to an end wall of the carton to which the carton flap is to be pressed along a line which is coincident with a tangent line along which a cylindrical wall of said cylindrical segment structure contacts the carton.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US1999/024617 WO2000023321A1 (en) | 1998-10-21 | 1999-10-21 | Rotatable flap folder |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2347636A1 CA2347636A1 (en) | 2000-04-27 |
| CA2347636C true CA2347636C (en) | 2007-04-17 |
Family
ID=22273873
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002347636A Expired - Fee Related CA2347636C (en) | 1999-10-21 | 1999-10-21 | Rotatable flap folder |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2002536248A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE265359T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2347636C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69916872T2 (en) |
-
1999
- 1999-10-21 JP JP2000577068A patent/JP2002536248A/en active Pending
- 1999-10-21 DE DE69916872T patent/DE69916872T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-10-21 AT AT99970638T patent/ATE265359T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-10-21 CA CA002347636A patent/CA2347636C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE69916872D1 (en) | 2004-06-03 |
| ATE265359T1 (en) | 2004-05-15 |
| DE69916872T2 (en) | 2005-05-12 |
| CA2347636A1 (en) | 2000-04-27 |
| JP2002536248A (en) | 2002-10-29 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed |