CA2325186A1 - Containment framing system - Google Patents

Containment framing system Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2325186A1
CA2325186A1 CA002325186A CA2325186A CA2325186A1 CA 2325186 A1 CA2325186 A1 CA 2325186A1 CA 002325186 A CA002325186 A CA 002325186A CA 2325186 A CA2325186 A CA 2325186A CA 2325186 A1 CA2325186 A1 CA 2325186A1
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Canada
Prior art keywords
gasket
structural
carrier member
structural carrier
channel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
CA002325186A
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French (fr)
Inventor
Pietro N. Santavicca
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Rough Brothers Inc
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Rough Brothers Inc
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Publication of CA2325186A1 publication Critical patent/CA2325186A1/en
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor

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  • Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)

Abstract

A containment structure for securing translucent panels between first and second panels and providing a fluid tight seal between a frame and an adjoining structural member. The containment structure includes structural carrier members each having a top section adopted for connection of a first gasket, pressure bars each having a gasket accommodating surface for connection of a second gasket. The pressure bars are fastened to the structural carrier members to secure the translucent panels between the gaskets.
The containment structure may also include one or more connector plates for connecting the frame to an adjoining structural member, a structural carrier gasket for providing a seal between the frame and an adjoining structural member and a connector plate gasket for providing seals between the one or more connector plates and the adjoining structural member. The structural carrier members may be connected together with ball lock pins, hall locks and screws that lock the structural carrier members together.

Description

CONTAINMENT FRAMING SYSTEM
Cross-Reference to Related Application The present application is a continuation-in-part of U. S. patent application Serial No, 09/553, 008 , filed April 20, 2000, entitled "Containment Framing System,"
attorney docket number 15-559, which is incorporated herein by reference.
Technical Field The present invention relates to a containment framing structure for mounting 1 o translucent panels and, more particularly, the present invention relates to a containment framing structure that provides a fluid tight seal between the containment framing structure and one or more translucent panels.
'Background Art 15 Prior art greenhouse glazing systems utilize a lapped shingle approach to mount glass panels to a greenhouse frame. The lapped shingle approach employs a frame having vertically extending members for mounting the glass panels. An elastic putty material, or rope putty, is applied to the vertically extending members. A lower glass panel is mounted between two vertically extending members by the rope putty, such that the lower glass 2 o panel is held in place on two sides by two vertically extending members. A
second glass panel is similarly mounted to the two vertically extending members, such that the bottom of the second glass panel overlaps the top of the lower glass panel. A cap is applied to the glass panels to hold them in place. Panels are added in this manner until the sides and roof of the greenhouse frame are covered with glass panels.
2 5 When the lapped shingle approach is used, only two sides of the glass panels are sealed by rope putty. The lapped shingle approach does not provide any sealing between the upper and lower edges of adjoining panels. Contaminants easily enter and exit through gaps between adjacent panels. The gaps between panels widen when slightly warped panels are used or as the panels bow over time.

The rope putty used to mount the glass panels to the frame frequently must periodically be replaced as it dries out. The rope putty also must be replaced when the glazing glass needs to be replaced because of breakage.
Typically greenhouses weep condensation to the outside of the greenhouse structure through weep holes. Insects and other plant materials that are inside the greenhouse may escape or be released to the outside environment. In addition, plant and insect materials on the outside of a typical greenhouse structure can enter the inside of the greenhouse structure through the weep holes.
Typical greenhouses utilize flashing and caulking material to connect adjoining to structural members. The caulking is pores and does not form an air tight seal.
Additionally, ultra-violet light causes the caulking to break down over time.
This allows air filtration between the individual components of a greenhouse.
Framing systems have been used in conjunction with rubber gaskets to mount ,translucent panels. For example, U.S. Patent No. 4,756,127 shows a universal framing system adapted for use with glazing having substantially any thickness within a wide range of thicknesses. The framing system includes a holder on a flange that holds a flexible sealing gasket in sealing engagement with the front face of a translucent sheet.
U. S. Patent No. 4,123,883 is directed to a solar energy collector. The housing for the solar energy collector is formed of one piece wall sections having integral flashing 2 o regulets. The regulets are formed to provide lifting surfaces for the housings, help define a securing channel on the housing and aid in positioning a transparent cover retaining cap on the walls. The retaining cap holds down a transparent cover member having a sealing member about its edge to form a weather tight seal.
2 5 Disclosure of Invention The .present invention .concerns a containment structure for securing translucent panels between gasket pairs. The containment structure provides a fluid tight seal between each translucent panel and an adjoining structural member. The containment structure includes structural carrier members that work in conjunction with pressure bars to secure the translucent panels between first and second gaskets. The containment structure also includes connector plates that are used in conjunction with structural carrier gaskets and connector plate gaskets to form fluid tight seals between the structural carrier members and an adjoining structural member.
The structural carrier members that form the containment structure support the weight of the translucent panels. In an exemplary embodiment, each structural carrier member includes a rectangular tubular portion having a base, first and second sides, and a top section. Certain of the structural carrier members include a gutter that extends outwardly and upwardly from each side of the rectangular tubular portion. The top to section of each rectangular tubular portion includes first and second projections that extend generally away from a central portion of the top section. The first and second projections of each structural carrier member form a screw bosses that is used to connect a corresponding pressure bar_ A serrated cavity may be defined between the first and second projections for accepting a fastener that connects a pressure bar. The first and second projections divide the top section into first and second gasket accommodating portions.
In the exemplary embodiment of the invention, each gasket accommodating portion of a structural carrier member includes a gasket retention channel for connection of a first gasket. The gasket retention channel includes a passage that extends into a semi-2 o circular opening. Each structural carrier members that connects the containment structure to -an.adjoining structural member also includes a channel in the base of the rectangular tubular portion for connection of connector plates and structural carrier gaskets. The channel in the base of each of these structural carrier members includes a rectangular cut-out connected to a semi-circular cut-out by a small passage.
2 5 Each pressure bar includes a gasket accommodating surface that extends from a central portion of the pressure bar. The gasket accommodating surfaces of the pressure bars include one or more channels for insertion of a projection extending from a second gasket. The central portion of a pressure bar includes one or more holes for connecting the pressure bar to a structural carrier member. The pressure bar may include a channel that extends into the central portion for concealing fasteners used to assemble the containment structure. The channel in the central portion of the pressure bar may include two nubs that extend into the channel from sides of the channel for connection of a cosmetic cap.
Each pressure bar is fastened to a structural carrier member to secure an edge of a translucent panel between the first and second gaskets. One or more connector plates are connected to the base of each structural carrier member that is connected to an adjoining structural member. The connector plate includes a ridge adapted to fit in the channel in the base of the structural carrier member. Structural carrier gaskets are inserted into the to channel in the base of each structural carrier member that connects the containment structure to an adjoining structural member. Connector plate gaskets are inserted into a channel in each connector plate. When the structural carrier members are connected to an adjoining structural member by the connector plates, each structural carrier gasket forms a .fluid tight seal between a structural carrier member and an adjoining structural member and each connector plate gaskets form a fluid tight seal between a connector plate and an adjoining structural member.
In the exemplary embodiment of the invention, the structural carrier members are connected with ball lock pins, ball locks and screws to form a frame. A
threaded end of a ball lock pin is fastened to a first structural member. An elongated portion of the ball lock 2 o pin extends from the first structural member. The elongated portion of the ball lock pin transitions to a ball portion. A ball lock is inserted into a first threaded hole in the second structural member. Each ball lock includes a cylindrical side with a round hole that transitions to a reduced diameter slot. The ball lock pin is inserted through a second hole in the second structural member and into the round hole in the ball lock. The ball lock is 2 5 then rotated to bring an area of transition between the round hole and the reduced diameter slot of the ball lock into engagement with the ball portion of the ball lock pin.
The ball lock is rotated until the first and second structural members are in tight engagement. A screw is threaded into the first threaded hole in the second structural member until the screw fractionally engages a first end of the ball lock to lock the first and a second structural members together.
A containment structure constructed in accordance with the present invention facilitates seating and sealing of glass or plastic panels to the framing structure in such a manner as to impede leakage of air and water and to contain undesirable elements from escaping into the atmosphere. The containment structure is more durable than typical systems which utilize rope putty to mount translucent panels. The structural carrier members of the present invention are very strong, allowing long spans to be framed. The rectangular tubular portions of the structural carrier members facilitate easy assembly of the containment structure.
1 o Additional features of the invention will become apparent and a fuller understanding obtained by reference to the following detailed description in connection with the accompanying drawings.
;Brief Description of Drawings ' ~ Figure 1 is a perspective view of a containment framing structure constructed in accordance with the present invention;
Figure 2 is a front elevational view of the containment framing structure constructed in accordance with the present invention;
Figure 3 is an exploded perspective view of a rafter assembly;
2 0 . Figure 4 is an exploded perspective view of a ridge purlin assembled to a rafter assembly;
Figure S is an exploded perspective view of an intermediate purlin assembled to a rafter assembly;
Figure 6 is an exploded perspective view of a knee purlin assembled to a rafter 2 5 assembly;
Figure 7 is an exploded .perspective view of a sill purlin assembled to a rafter assembly;
Figure 8 is a perspective view of a ball lock pin, a ball lock and a hex head set screw;
Figure 9A is an exploded front elevational view of the assembly of a cap, a rafter pressure plate, an upper gasket, a translucent panel, a lower L-gasket, a rafter, a bottom rafter gasket, a rafter connector plate, and a connector plate basket;
Figure 9B is an exploded front elevational view of the assembly of a cap, an intelnediate purlin pressure plate, an upper gasket, a translucent panel, a lower L-gasket, and an intermediate purlin;
Figure 9C is an exploded front elevational view of the assembly of a cap, a ridge purlin pressure plate, an upper gasket, a translucent panel, a lower L-gasket, and a ridge purlin;
to Figure 9D is an exploded front elevational view of the assembly of a cap, a knee purlin pressure plate, and upper gasket, a translucent panel, a lower L-gasket, and a knee purlin;
Figure 9E is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a lower L-gasket;
Figure 9F is an enlarged cross-sectional view of an upper gasket;
~ Figure 10 is an exploded perspective view of a framing system, lower L-gaskets and translucent panels;
Figure 11 is an exploded perspective view of the containment framing structure of the present invention;
Figure 12 is an exploded perspective view of the assembly of a rafter, a rafter 2 o connector plate, a bottom rafter gasket, and a connector plate gasket;
Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view of the assembly of a rafter, a rafter connector plate, a bottom rafter gasket, and a connector plate gasket;
Figure 14A is a side view of a bottom connector block;
Figure 14B is a bottom view of a bottom connector block;
2 5 ~ Figure 14C is a side view of a bottom connector block;
Figure 15 is a perspective view of an assembly of a bottom connector block to the bottom of a rafter;
Figure 16A is a top view of a top connector block;
Figure 16B is a side view of a top connector block; and Figure 17 is a partial front elevational view of two rafters of a gable end assembled together with a top connector block , Best Mode for Carrvin~ Out the Invention .
The present invention is directed to a containment structure 10 for providing fluid tight seals between translucent panels 12 and a frame 14 that together make up the structure. The structure shown in Figure 1 is a greenhouse. The frame 14 includes l0 structural carrier members 16 and pressure bars 18. The containment structure 10 also provides fluid tight seals between the structural carrier members 16 and adjoining structural members 20.
As seen most clearly in Figures 9A-9D, L-shaped gaskets 22 that work in conjunction with upper gaskets 24 to provide the fluid tight seals between the translucent ' panels 12 and the frame 14. Each L-shaped gasket 22 includes a structural carrier member engaging surface 26 for connecting the L-shaped gasket 22 to a corresponding structural carrier member 16. Each L-shaped gasket includes a glass sealing surface 28 that provides a seal between the L-shaped gasket 22 and one side of a translucent panel 12.
The upper gaskets 24 each include a pressure plate engaging surface 30 for connecting the upper 2 o gaskets 24 to the pressure plates 18. The upper gaskets 24 each include a glass sealing surface 32 that provides a seal between the upper gasket 24 and second side 13b of the translucent panels 12. The glass sealing surface 32 of each upper gasket 24 also makes contact and seals the upper gasket 24 to a top surface 34 of a corresponding L-shaped gasket 22.
Connector plates 36 (Figures 2, 12, 13) are used in conjunction with structural carrier gaskets 3 8 and connector plate gaskets 40 to seal the structural carrier members 16 to the adjoining structural members 20. Each connector plate 36 is connected to a base 42 of a structural carrier member 16. The structural carrier gaskets 38 each have a first side 44 that fits in a channel 46 in the base 42 of one of the structural carrier members 16.
Each structural carrier gasket 38 has a second side 48 for contacting an adjoining structural member 20. Each connector plate gasket 40 has a first side 50 and a second side 52. The first side 50 of each connector plate gasket is adapted to fit in a channel 54 of a corresponding connector plate 36. The second side 52 of each connector plate gasket 40 is adapted to contact an adjoining structural member 20. Fluid tight seals are formed between the second sides 48 of the structural carrier gaskets and adjoining structural members 20, and between second sides 52 of the connector plates gasket 40 and adjoining structural members 20, when the connector plates 36 are fastened to one or more adjoining structural members 20.
to Referring to Figures 9A, 9B, 9C and 9D, the structural carrier members 16 comprise rafters 56 and purlins 58. Rafters 56 extend vertically on the sides 15 of the frame and at an incline on the top 17 of the frame. The purlins 58 are the horizontally extending members of the containment frame 14. In the exemplary embodiment, four types of purlins and one type of rafter is used to construct the frame 14. The four types of purlins are intermediate purlins 60, ridge purlins 62, knee purlins 64 and sill purlins 66, and only one type of rafter.
Referring to Figure 9A., each rafter 56 includes a rectangular tubular portion 68.
The rectangular tubular portion 68 includes a base 42 that has a channel 46 in it for mounting structural carrier gaskets 38 and rafter connector plates 36. On the sides 70a, 2 0 70b of each tubular member 68 are drip gutters 72a, 72b that extend outward and upward from the sides 70a, 70b. The drip gutters 72 channel moisture that condenses in the containment apparatus 10 on the first sides 13a of the translucent panels 12 away from the translucent panels 12. A top-section of a rafter 56 is known as the glazing profile 74. The glazing profile 74 is divided into two L-shaped gasket accommodating portions 78a, 78b, 2 5 by a screw boss 80 that extends upward from the glazing profile. The top 82 of each L-shaped .gasketing accommodating portion 78a, 78b includes two channels for capturing projections 86a, 86b on an L-shaped gasket 22 to connect the L-shaped gasket 22 to the glazing profile 74. The channels 78a, 78b in each structural carrier member include a passage 87 that extends into a semi-circular opening 89. The special shape of the channels 78a, 78b facilitate locking engagement of each L-shaped gasket to each structural carrier member 16. The screw boss 80 includes two sides 88a, 88b and an inner screw engaging cavity 90 which may include serrations. In the exemplary embodiment, the rafters, as well as each of the other structural carrier members, are extruded aluminum.
Referring to Figure 3, the rafters 56 which form sides of the containment framing system 10 are mitered at top ends 94 to mate with first mitered ends 96 of the rafters 56 that extend from a knee 98 of the containment framing system 10 to a ridge 100 or peak .
of the containment framing system 10. The rafters 56 are assembled together at the knee 98 using knee connector plates 102. The knee connector plates 102 are flat metal plates in 1 o the shape of a "V." The angle defined by the knee connector plates corresponds to the desired angle of the knee 98 of the frame. 14. The knee connector plates 102 are inserted into the rectangular tubular portion 68 of the rafters 56. Preferably, two knee connector plates are used at each joint. The knee connector plates 102 are then mechanically fastened to the sides 70a, 70b of the rectangular tubular portions 68 of the rafters 56.
~ ~ The top ends 94 of the rafters 56 that extend vertically and the first mitered end 96 of rafters 56 that extend from the knee 98 to the ridge 100 are brought into tight engagement, when the rafters 56 are connected by the knee connector plates 102. By utilizing the rectangular tubular portion 68 of the rafters 56 to connect the rafters 56, air is prevented from escaping the containment framing system 10 since the glazing profile 74 of 2 o the rafters 56 does not include connecting holes.
It should be apparent that the rafters 56 without rectangular tubular portions could be fastened together using conventional mechanical means to fasten the glazing profiles 74 of the rafters and other structural carrier members 16 together.
However, the rectangular tubular portions 68 of the rafters 56 make assembly easier. If rafters 56 and 2 5 other structural carrier members 16 that do not include rectangular tubular portions 68 are used, the connectors used to connect the members together should not pass through the glazing profile, because a passage for air to leak into or out of the structure could be created.
Second ends 104 of the rafters 56 that extend from the knees 98 to the ridges are mitered to mate with other rafters 56 to farm a ridge. The second ends 104 of the rafters 56 are connected together using ridge connector plates 106. The ridge connector plates 106 are flat metal plates in the shape of a "V." The angle defined by the ridge connector plates 106 corresponds to the desired angle of the ridge 100 of the frame 14.
The ridge connector plates 106 are inserted into the rectangular tubular portion 68 of the rafters 56 and mechanically connected, similar to the connection of the rafters 56 at the knee 98.
The connection of the rafters 56 by the ridge connector plates 106 brims second mitered ends 104 of pairs of rafters into tight engagement.
Referring to Figure 9C, the ridge purlins 62 are similar in shape to the rafters 56.
1 o The ridge purlins 62 each include a rectangular tubular portion 108 having a bottom 110 and two sides 112a, 112b. The glazing profile 114 of each ridge purlin 62 defines a slope 116 that corresponds to the angle defined by the connection of the rafters 56 at the ridge 100. The drip .gutters 118a, 118b of the ridge purlins 62 extend away from the sides 112x, ;112b of the ridge purlins 62 at the angle of the ridge 100. A screw boss 120 of each ridge purlin 62 includes sides 122x, 122b that extend generally upward at an angle, with respect to the horizontal, equal to the complement of the angle formed by the ridge 100. The screw boss 120 includes a cavity 126 which may or may not be serrated for connecting screws. The sides 122a, 122b of the screw bosses 120 of the ridge purlins 62 and the top surfaces of the glazing profiles 114 form L-shaped gasket accommodating surfaces 128x, 2 0 128b. Although, at a.n angle, the L-shaped gasket accommodating surfaces 128a, 128b of the ridge purlins 62 are the same as the L-shaped gasket accommodating portions 78a, 78b of the rafters 56. This allows the same L-shaped gaskets 22 to be used on the ridge purlins 62 as are used on the rafters 56. In the exemplary embodiment, the ridge purlins are extruded aluminum.
2 5 Referring to Figures 4 and 8, the ridge purlins 62 are assembled to the rafters Sb at the ridge 100 with a ridge connector blocks 136, two ball lock pins 130, two ball locks 132, a.nd two hex head set screws 134 . Threaded ends 138 of two ball lock pins 130 are threaded into two corresponding threaded holes 140 in the rafters 56 that form a ridge 100. Extending from the threaded ends 138 of the ball lock pins 130 are short cylindrical l0 portions 142, having diameters that are larger than the diameters of the threaded ends 138.
Shoulders 144 are formed on the ball lock pins 130 at a transition between the threaded ends 138 and the short cylindrical portions 142. The shoulders 144 on the ball lock pins 130 abut a side 88a or 88b of the rafter 56 when the ball lock pins 130 is tightly screwed into the threaded holes 140 in the rafter 56. Extending from the large cylindrical portion 142 of each ball lock pin 130 is a tapered cylindrical portion 146 which transitions into a ball portion 148 at the end of each ball lock pin 130. The end 150 of each ball portion 148 is keyed to accept a hex driver for driving the ball lock pin 130 into a threaded hole 140 in the rafter 56.
l0 Referring to Figure 4, after the two ball lock pins 130 are fastened to the rafters 56, a ridge connector block 136, containing two ball locks 132 is placed over two ball lock pins 130. The ridge connector block 136 is a solid block having an outer surface contour 152 that conforms with an inner surface 154 of the rectangular tubular portion ;108 of a ridge purlin 62. The contour 152 of the ridge connector block 136 is slightly smaller than the inner surface 154 of the rectangular tubular portion 108 of the ridge purlin .62, so that it may easily be inserted into the rectangular tubular portion 108 of the ridge purlin 62. Each ridge connector block 136 includes two threaded holes 156 into which the ball locks 132 are inserted. The ridge connector block 136 also includes two smaller unthreaded holes 160 in the front of the ridge connector block. The two smaller 2 0 holes 160 are aligned with the central axes of the threaded holes 156 in the sides 164a, 164b of the ridge connector block and intersect the threaded holes 156 near the bottom 162 of the threaded holes 156. The unthreaded holes 158 define a passage through the °front 160 of the ridge connector block into the perpendicular threaded holes 156 for the ball lock pins 130 to be inserted. When the ridge connector block 136 is placed over the two ball lock pins 130 the ball portions 148 extend. into the perpendicular threaded holes 156 of the risige connector block 136.
Each of the two ball locks 132 is a short cylindrical member that fits in the threaded holes 156 in the ridge connector block 136. The first end 166 of each ball lock 132 is keyed to accept a small hexagonal wrench. A round blind hole 168 is machined in a cylindrical side 170 of the ball lock 132. The round blind hole 168 is centered on the ball lock 132 and extends approximately 3/4 of the way through the ball lock 132.
The round blind hole 168 is slightly larger than the ball portion 148 of the ball lock pin 130. The cylindrical side 170 of the ball lock I32 also includes a reduced diameter slot 172 that extends from the round blind hole 168 around a portion of the cylindrical side 170 of the ball lock 132. The round blind hole 168 of the ball locks 132 are large enough to fit over the ball portion 148 of the ball lock pins 130. The reduced diameter slot 172 is smaller than the diameter of the ball portion 148, but is larger than the tapered cylindrical portion 146 of the ball lock pins 130.
1o Two ball locks 132 are used to mount each ridge connector block 136. The ball locks 132 are inserted into the two threaded holes 1,56 of the ridge connector block 136, and are oriented such that the round blind holes 168 are aligned with the unthreaded holes 158 in.the ridge connector block 136. The unthreaded holes 158 in the ridge connector ;block 136 are placed over the two ball lock pins 130 assembled to the rafters 56 at the ridge 100. The ball portions 148 of the ball lock pins 130 extend into the round blind holes 168 into the center of the ball locks 132. Once the ridge connector block 136 is in place, each ball lock 132 is rotated using a hex driver. Each ball lock includes an area of transition 182 between the blind hole 168 and the reduced diameter slot 172 that engages a portion 184 of the ball portion 148 abutting the tapered cylindrical portion 146 to bring 2 o the ridge connector block 136 into tight engagement with the side 70a or 70b of the rafter 56. The rectangular tubular portion 108 of the ridge purlin 62 is placed over the ridge connector block 136, such that threaded holes 186 in the ridge purlin 62 are aligned with the threaded holes 156 in the ride connector block 136. Two hex head set screws 134 are threaded through the threaded holes 186 in the ridge purlin and into the threaded holes 2 5 140 in the rafters 56, to connect each ridge purlin 62 to the ridge purlin connector block 136 and rafters 56.
Each hex head screw 134 has a large hexagonal cut-out 188 through its center.
The large hexagonal cut-out 188 allows a hex driver to be used to connect the ridge purlin 62 to the ridge connector block 136. When the hex head set screw 134 is torqued, an end 190 contacts an exposed end 180 of the ball lock 132 to fi-ictionally engage the ball lock 132 and lock the ridge purlin 62 in place Once the ridge purlin 62 has been assembled to the rafters 56, the ridge purlin 62 and ridge connector block 136 can be disassembled as a unit by slightly untightening the hex head set screws 134 and rotating the ball locks 132 with a hex driver that fits through the large hexagonal cut-out 188 in the hex head screw 134.
In an exemplary embodiment, two ball locks 132 are inserted into the ridge connector block 136. The ridge connector block 136 is then be inserted into the rectangular tubular portion 108 of a ridge purlin 62 and loosely connected to the ridge to purlin 62 with two hex head set screws 134. The ball locks 132 are adjusted using a tool that fits through the large hexagonal cut-out 188 of the hex head set screw 134 to align the ball locks 132 with the unthreaded holes 158 in the ridge connector block 136. The ridge purlin 62 and ridge connector block 136 assembly is then placed over two ball lock pins 130 that are assembled to the rafters 56. The ball locks 132 are rotated using a tool which fits through the large hexagonal cut-out 188 in the hex head set screw 134 to pull the ridge purlin 62 and ridge connector block 136 assembly into tight engagement with the rafter 56. The hex head set screws 134 are then torqued down to lock the assembly of the ridge connector block 136 and ridge purlin 62 to the rafter 56.
At the top 192 of each ridge connector block 136 there is an inverted V-shaped 2 o notch 194. The angle of the inverted V-shaped notch 194 corresponds to the angle of the ridge 100. When the ridge connector block 136 is assembled to the rafters 56 at the ridge 100, the inverted V-shaped notch 194 fits over the drip gutters 72 of the rafters 56, , allowing the front 160 of each ridge connector block 62 to mount tightly against a side 88a or 88b of the rafters 56. The rectangular tubular portion 108 of the ridge purlin 62 includes two cut-outs 196. The cut-outs 196 in the ridge purlin 58 are aligned with the V-shaped notch 194 of the ridge connector block 136, when the ridge purlin 62 is. assembled to the ridge connector block 136. The cut-outs 196 in the ridge purlin 62 fit over the drip gutters 72 of the rafters 56. The assembled ridge purlins 62 and ridge connector blocks 136 fit over the drip gutter 72 of the rafters 56 and mount tightly against the rafters 56.

When mounted to the rafters 56, the drip gutters 118 of the ridge purlin 62 are above the drip gutters 72 of the rafters 56 that meet at the ridge 100.
Referring to Figure 9B, each intermediate purlin 60 includes a smaller rectangular tubular portion 198, having two sides 200x, 200b. Extending from the two sides 200a, 200b are drip gutters 202a, 202b. At the top of the rectangular tubular portion 198 of each intermediate purlin 60, is the glazing profile 204. The glazing profile 204 of an intermediate purlin 60 is identical to the glazing profile 74 of a rafter 5b.
The top 210 of an intermediate purlin glazing profile 204 is planar, like the top 82 of the rafter 56. The screw boss 206 is the same as the screw boss of a rafter 56. Since the glazing profile 204 to of an intermediate purlins 60 is the same as the glazing profile 74 of a rafter 56, the L-shaped gasket accommodating portions 205a, 205b are the same, allowing the same L-shaped gasket to be used for a ridge purlin 62 as is used for a rafter 56. As seen in Figures 9A-9D, the L-shaped gasket accommodating portions for each type of structural carrier member 16 are the same, allowing the same L-shaped gasket to be used for every structural carrier member.
The drip gutters 202a, 202b of an intermediate purlin 60 are higher with respect to .
the glazing profile 204 than the drip gutters 72 of a rafter 56. When the intermediate purlins 60 are assembled to the rafters 56, the_drip gutters 202 of the intermediate purlins 60 are disposed above the drip gutters 72 of the rafters 56.
2 o Referring to Figure 5, an intermediate purlin 60 is assembled along a span of one of the rafters 56 using the same connection method that is used in assembling the ridge purlins 62. An intermediate connector block 212 is used in conjunction with two ball lock pins 130, two ball locks 13.2.and two hex head set screws 134 to mount an intermediate purlin to a rafter 56. The intermediate connector block 212 is sized to fit within the 2 5 rectangular tubular portion 198 of the intermediate purlin 60. Each intermediate connector block 212 includes a threaded hole 214 that passes through sides 216a, 216b of the intermediate purlins connector block 212. The face 218 of each intermediate purlin connector block 212 includes a notch 220 sized to fit over a drip gutter 72 of a rafters 56.
Also in the face 218 of each intermediate connector block 212 are two holes 222a, 222b sized to fit over ball lock pins 130. The holes 222a, 222b are perpendicular to the threaded hole 214, are aligned with the axis (not shown) of the threaded hole 214, and intersect the threaded hole 214.
The intermediate purlin connector block 212 may be attached to the rafter 56 first, or in the exemplary embodiment, the intermediate purlin connector bock 212a, 212b is attached to the intermediate purlin 60 first. The intermediate purlin 60 includes notches 224 that clear the drip gutter 72 of the rafter 56. Two ball lock pins 130 are threaded through threaded holes 140 in the rafrers 56. Two ball locks 132 are inserted into the threaded hole 214 in the intermediate connector block 212. The first end 166 of each ball lock 132, adapted to accept a hex wrench, faces outward. The intermediate purlin connector block 212 is then inserted into the rectangular tubular portion 198 of the intermediate purlin 60 until the threaded hole 214 of the intermediate connector block 212 is in alignment with the threaded holes 226 in each side 200a, 204b of the intermediate ,purlin 60. The notches 224 in the intermediate purlins 60 are aligned with the notch 220 ' in the intermediate 'connector block 212 when the intermediate connector block 212 is assembled to the intermediate purlin 60. Two hex head set screws 134 are threaded through the threaded holes 226 in the intermediate purlin 60 and loosely threaded into the threaded hole 214 in the intermediate connector block. The ball locks 132 are rotated with a small hex wrench, to align the round blind hole 168 in the ball lock 132 with the 2 0 holes 222a, 222b in the intermediate connector block 212.
The assembled intermediate purlin 60 and the intermediate connector block 212 are then placed over the two ball lock pins 130 in the rafter 56 and the drip gutter 72. The two ball locks 132 are rotated with a small Allen wrench (not shown) to bring the assembled intermediate connector block 212 and intermediate purlin 60 assembly into tight engagement with the rafter 56. The two hex head set screws 134 are then tightened down onto the two ball locks 132 to lock the intermediate connector block 212 and intermediate purlin 60 in place. Like the assembly of a ridge purlin 62 to rafters 56, an assembled intermediate connector block 212 and intermediate purlin 60 can be removed from the rafter 56 by loosening the hex head screws 134 and rotating the ball locks 132.

Referring to Figure 9D, it is apparent that the cross-section of a knee purliri 64 is similar to the cross-section of a ridge purlin 62. The main difference between the ridge purlins 62 and the knee purlins 64 is the difference in slope of the glazing profiles. The slope 116 of a ridge purlin 62 is defined by the angle formed by intersecting rafters 56 at the ridge 100. The slope 228 of the knee purlins 64 is defined by the angle between .
intersecting rafters 56 at the knee 98 of the frame 14.
Each knee purlin 64 includes a rectangular tubular portion 230 having two sides 232a, 232b. Drip gutters 234x, 234b extend from the sides 232x, 232b of each knee purlin 64 at an angle equal to the slope 228 of the knee purlin 64. The glazing profile 234 of a to knee purlin 64 is divided in half by a screw boss 236. The top surfaces 238a, 238b of the knee purlin glazing profile 234 form an angle equal to the angle of the knee 98. Sides 240a, 240b of the screw boss 236 extend upward at an angle, measured from the horizontal, equal to the complement of the angle defined by the knee 98. The top surfaces 238a, 238b of the glazing profile 234 and the sides 240a, 240b of the screw boss 236 1 define L-shaped gasket accommodating surfaces 242a, 242b. The top surfaces 238a, 238b each include channels 244a, 244b for connection of L-shaped gaskets 22. The L-shaped gasket accommodating surfaces of the knee purlin are the same as the L-shaped gasket accommodating surfaces of the other structural carrier members 18, allowing the same L-shaped gasket 22 to be used. The knee purlins are extruded aluminum profiles.
2 0 Referring to Figure 6, the same method is used to assemble a knee purlin 64 to rafters 56 at the knee 98, as is used to assemble a ridge purlins 62 to rafters 56 at the ridge 100. A knee connector block 246 is used in conjunction with two ball lock pins 130, two ball locks 132 and two hex head set screws 134 to connect each knee purlin 64 to the rafters 56. A face 248 of the knee connector block 246 includes two holes 250a, 250b that are sized to fit over ball lock pins 130. The knee connector block 246 also includes two threaded holes 252a, 252b in the connector blocks sides 254a, 254b. The threaded holes 252a, 252b extend approximately half way through the connector blocks 246, and are aligned with holes 250a, 250b. The threaded holes 252x, 252b are sized to accept ball locks 132.

A knee connector block 246 is sized to fit within the rectangular tubular portion 232 of a knee purlin 64. The face 248 of each connector block 246 includes an inverted V-shaped notch 256. The inverted V-shaped notch 256 forms an angle equal to the angle of the knee 9.8 .and is sized to fit over drip gutters 72 of the rafters 56 at the knee 98. The knee purlin 64 also includes notches 258 that are in alignment with the inverted V-shaped notch 256 of a connector block 246 when a connector block 246 is assembled to the knee purlin 64. .
Referring to Figure 6, to assemble a knee purlin 64 to rafters 56 at the knee, two balllock gins 130.are threaded int~ threaded holes 140 in the rafters 56. Two ball locks 232 are placed in the knee connector block 246 threaded holes 252a, 252b, such that the first ends 166 of the two ball locks 132 face outward, so that the ball locks 132 can be rotated with the hex tool. The connector block 246 with two ball locks 132 in it, is inserted into he.Fe:~tangular tubular portion 230 of the knee purlin 64. The threaded holes 252x, 252b of the connector block 246 are brought into alignment with threaded holes Z60a, 260b in sides 232a, 232b of the knee purlin 64. Two hex head set scre~.vs 134 are loosely threaded into the threaded holes 260 in the knee purlin 64, and the threaded holes 252a, 252b in the ~knee cor~r~ector block 246. A small hex tool is inserted through the hex head set screws 134 and into the ball lock pin 130 to align the round blind hole 168 of the ball locks 132 with the holes 250a, 250b in the face 218 of the knee purlin connector block 2 0 246. The assembly of a knee purlin connector block 246 and the knee purlin 64 is placed over the two ball lock pins i 30 in the rafters 56 that define a knee. The ball locks 132 are rotated to bring the assembly of the knee connector block 246 and knee purlin 64 into tight engagement with the rafters 56. The hex head set screws 134 are then rotated into tight frictional engagement with the ball locks 132 to lock the assembly of a knee 2 5 connector block 246 and a knee purlin 64 in place.. The assembled knee connector block 246 and knee purlin 64 can be removed from the rafter 56 by loosening the hex head screws 134 and rotating the ball locks 132.
Referring to Figure 7, sill purlins 66 are used at the bottom of the frame 14.
The cross-section of a sill purlin 66 is the same as the cross-section of an intermediate purlins 60, except the sill purlins 66 do not include drip gutters.
The sill purlins 66 include a rectangular tubular portion 262 and a glazing profile 264. The rectangular tubular portion 262 of the sill purlin 66 includes two sides 266a, 266b. The glazing profile 264 of the sill purlin 66 includes two top surfaces 268a, 268b and a vertically extending screw boss 270. The top surfaces 268a, 268b each include channels 272a, 272b for attachment of L-shaped gaskets 22. The top surfaces 268a, 268b of the sill purlins 66 are coplanar. Since the glazing profile of a sil purlin 66 is the same as the glazing profiles of the other structural carrier members, the same L-shaped gasket can be used.
1 o Referring to Figure 7, a sill purlin connector block 274 is used along with two ball lock pins 130, two ball locks 132 and two hex head set screws 134, to connect each sill purlin 66 to a rafter 56. In the exemplary embodiment, the sill purlin connector blocks 274 and the sill purlins 66 do not require notches, since the drip gutters 72 of the rafters 56 are removed at the bottom of the frame I4. In an alternate embodiment (not shown), the drip gutters 72 of the rafters are not removed, and the sill purlins 66 and sil purlin connector blocks include notches (not shown) that clear the drip gutters 72.
The face 275 of he sill purlin connector block 274 includes two holes 276x, 276b that are sized to fit over two ball lock pins 130. One side 278 of the sill purlin connector block, 274 includes two threaded holes 280a, 280b that are sized to accept two ball locks 132. The two holes 2 o 276x, 276b are aligned with and intersect the two threaded holes 280a, 280b to define passages from the face 275 to the~two threaded holes 280x, 280b.
To assemble a sill purlin 66 to the rafters 56, two ball locks 132 are inserted into the threaded holes 280a, 280b. The sill connector block 274 is inserted into the rectangular tubular portion 262 of the sill purlin 66. Two hex head set screws are loosely 2 5 threaded into threaded holes 282x, 282b in the rectangular tubular portion 262 of the sill purlin 66, and into threaded holes 280a, 280b in the side 278 of the sill connector block 274. The ball locks 132 are rotated to align the round blind hole 168 with the holes 276a, 276b in the sill connector block 274. The assembly of a sill connector block 274 and a sill purlin 66 is placed over two ball lock pins 130 that are threaded into threaded holes 140 in the rafters 56. The ball locks 132 are rotated with a hex wrench that fits through the hex head set screws 134 to bring the assembly of the sill connector block 274 and the sill purlin 66 into tight engagement with the rafter 56. The two hex head set screws 134 are torqued to bring them into tight frictional engagement with the ball locks 132 to lock the sill purlin 66 in place. The assembled sill connector block 274 and sil purlin 66 can be removed from the rafter 56 by loosening the hex head screws 134 and rotating the ball locks 132.
Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the rafters 56 are connected to a superstructure by their bases 42. The superstructure 284 provides a foundation for the rafters 56 to be to connected to. The superstructure 284 will generally be constructed of.I-beams 286 (shown in Figure 13), for example, 12 inch I-beams 286 or 10 inch I-beams 286 may be used. A fluid tight connection between the I-beams 284 and the rafters 56 is needed to prevent air from leaking through the junction 288 of the rafters 56 to the I-beams 286.
The shape of the assembled rafters 56 will directly correspond with the shape of the superstructure 284.
Referring to Figures 12 and 13, each rafter 56 is connected to the superstructure 284 with one or more rafter connector plates 36, structural carrier gaskets 38 and connector plate gaskets 40 to form a fluid tight seal between each rafter 56 and the superstructure 284. The connector plates 36 are flat metal plates, each having a channel 2 0 54 in a first side 290 and a ridge 292 extending from a second side 294.
The ridge 292 and channel 54 are centered on the connector plate 36 and extend from the top 296 of the connector plate 36 to the bottom 298 of the connector plate 36. In the exemplary embodiment, the channel 54 in the connector plate 36 includes a wide, shallow cut-out 330 and small semi-circular cut-out 332 (best shown in Figure 9A). The small semi-circular cut-out 332 is connected to the wide, shallow cut-out 330 by a passage 334. The connector plate 36 includes two rafter mounting slots 300x, 300b, which pass through the ridge 92 and channel 54 of the connector plate 36, for fastening the connector plate 36 to the rafter 56. The connector plate 36 also includes four I-beam mounting slots 302a, 302b, 302c, 302d. Two I-beam slots are on each side of the channel 54 and ridge 292 for mounting the connector plate 36 to the I-beams 286. The ridge 292 of a connector plate 36 fits within a channel 46 in the base 42 of the rafter 56 that allows the connector plate 36 to be slid along the length of the rafter 56.
Referring to Figure 9A, the rafter gaskets.38 are adapted to be inserted in the rafter channel 46 in the base 42 of a rafter 56. The rafter channel 46 is designed to tightly engage a rafter gasket 38. The rafter channel 46 includes a wide, shallow, cut-out 304 and a deeper small semi-circular cut-out 306. Two nubs 308x, 308b extend inward from sides 310a, 3 l Ob of the wide shallow cut-out 304. The cross-section of each nub 308a, 308b generally the shape of a semi-circle. When the rafter gaskets 38 are inserted into the to rafter channel 46, the nubs 308a, 308b tightly engage the rafter gaskets 38. The small, semi-circular cut-out 306 is connected to the wide, shallow cut-out 304 by a narrow passage 312. The small semi-circular cut-out 306 engages a projection 314 that extends from the first side 44 of the structural carrier gasket.
The first side 44 of each rafter gasket 38 is shaped to tightly~fit in the~rafter channel 46. On the sides 316a, 316b of each rafter gasket 38 are two semi-circular depressions 318a, 318b. The semi-circular depressions 318x, 318b correspond to the two nubs 308a, 308b of the rafter channel 46. The projection 314 that extends from the first side 44 of the rafter gasket 38 includes a shaft portion 320 that extends upward from the first side 44 of the rafter gasket 38. The shaft portion 320 of the rafter gasket 38 is sized 2 o to fit within the passage 312 in the rafter channel 46. Extending upward from the shaft portion 320 of the projection 314 is a semi-circular head 322, which is sized to fit within the semi-circular cut-out 306 ofthe.rafter channel 46 to lock the rafter gasket 38 in the rafter channel 46.
The second side 48 of the rafter gaskets 38 include a plurality of triangular teeth 324 extending from the second side 48 of the rafter gasket 38. The triangular teeth 324 are designed to make contact with the superstructure 284 at multiple locations to provide multiple seals along the interface between the I-beams 286 and the rafters 56.The rafter gaskets 38 are made of EPDM rubber. One supplier capable of extruding the rafter gaskets 38 is DJ Profiles in England.

Referring to Figures 9 and 13, a connector plate gasket 40 is similar to a rafter gasket 38, except the connector plate gaskets 40 are shorter and do not include depressions in their sides 326a, 326b. In the e~cemplary embodiment, the first side 50 of the connector plate gasket 40 includes projection 328 that extends from the first side 50.
The projection 328 of a connector plate gasket 40 includes a shaft portion 336 and a semi-circular head portion 338. When assembled to a connector plate, the projection extends into the semi-circular cut-out 332 of the connector plate 36 to lock the connector plate gasket 40 in the connector plate channel 54. In an alternative embodiment, the connector plate gasket 40 does not include a projection and the connector plate does not include a small semi-circular cutout 332 for locking.the connector plate gasket 40 to the connector plate 36.
The second side 52 of the connector plate gasket 40 also includes a plurality of triangular teeth 340. The triangular teeth 340 on the connector plate gasket 40 also act to ;provide multiple points of contact between the connector plate gasket 40 and an I-beam 286 of the superstructure 284.
Referring to Figure 12, a rafter connector plate ridge 292 is inserted into the rafter channel 46 and is moved to a position where the rafter 56 will be secured to the superstructure 284. In the exemplary.embodiinent, a wet gasket material is applied in the channel 46 in the rafter 56 to provide a seal between the rafter 56 and the connector plate 2 0 36. An example of a suitable wet gasketing material is Spectrum II
material, which is manufactured by Tremco. Referring to Figure 13, sheet metal screws 342 are passed through the two rafter mounting-slots 300a, 300b and are driven into two holes (not shown) in the rafter channels 46 to fasten a connector plate 36 to a rafter 56.
Connector plate gaskets 40 having the same length as the connector plates 36 are 2 5 inserted into connector plate channels 54. If the connector plate gaskets include a projection 328, the shaft portion 336 of each connector plate gasket projection 328 is pushed through the connector plate passage 334, such that the semi-circular head 338 of each connector plate gasket 40 is disposed in the semi-circular cut-out 332 of the connector plate channel 54 to lock the connector plate gasket 40 in the connector plate channel 54. The triangular teeth 340 of the connector plate gasket 40 extend below the first side 290 of the connector plate 36.
The remainder of the length of the rafters 56 which engage external I-beams are filled with rafter gaskets 38. The rafter gaskets 3 8 are cut to length and are pushed into the rafter channels 46 of the rafters 56, such that the rafter gaskets 38 are in abutment with the connector plates 36 and connector plate gaskets 40. When each rafter gasket 38 is inserted into the rafter channels 46, the shaft portion 320 of the rafter gasket 38 is forced through the passage 312 of the rafter channel 46 and the semi-circular head 322 of the rafter gasket 38 becomes disposed within the semi-circular cut-out 306 of the rafter l0 channel 46 to lock the rafter gasket 38 in place. Also securing the rafter gasket in place are the nubs 308x, 308b in the rafter channel 46. When the rafter gasket 38 is pushed into the rafter channel 46, the semi-circular depressions 318a, 318b surround the nubs 308a, 308b in the rafter channel 46 to lock the rafter gasket 38 in place. With the rafter gasket 38 installed, the triangular teeth 324 of the rafter gasket 38 extend below the first side 290 of the connector plate 36, and are substantially in abutting alignment with the plurality of triangular teeth 340 of the connector plate gasket 40.
Referring to Figures 12 and 13, once the connector plates 36, connector plate gaskets 40 and rafter gaskets 38 are secured to the rafter 56, the rafters 56 may be secured to the superstructure 284 by the connector plates 36. The I-beam mounting slots 302a, 302b, 302c, 302d are lined-up with corresponding openings (not shown) in the I-beams 286. The rafter connector plates 36 are then connected to the I-beams 286 using conventional fasteners. For example, 1'/< inch by 3/8 inch hex head machine bolts may be used to fasten the connector plates 36 to the I-beams 286. When the rafter connector plates 36 are tightened down to the I-beams 286, the triangular teeth 324 and 340 of the rafter gasket 38 and connector plate gasket 40 contact the I-beams 286 at multiple locations and form a seal between the rafters 56 and the I-beams 286. The compression of the~rafter gaskets 38 and connector_plate gaskets 40 causes seals to be formed between the rafter gaskets 38 and the rafters 56 and between the connector plate gaskets 40 and the connector plates 36 along an entire length, where the rafters 56 are joined to the I-beams 286.
Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the front gable end 344 and rear gable end 346 of the frame 14 are framed using rafters 56, intermediate purlins 60 and sill purlins 66.
Connection sides 70a of the rafters 56 are attached to an attachment surface 348 defined by the I-beams 286.
The second side 70b of the rafters 56 that are connected to the I-beams 286 include a large clearance hole (not shown). The first side 70a of the rafters 56 that are connected to the I-beams 286 at the front gable end 344 include a smaller hole (not shown). A mechanical fastener is inserted completely through the large hole in the second l0 side 70b of the rectangular portion 68 of the rafter 56. The mechanical fastener is then fed through the smaller hole in the first side 70a of the rafter 56 and into a corresponding hole in the I-beam 286. The head of the fastener abuts against the first side 70a of the rafter 56. The fastener is torqued down to bring the first side 70a of the rafter 56 into tight engagement with the superstructure 284. In the exemplary embodiment, the fastener is a cap screw which seals the holes (not shown) in the rafters 56 and the I-beams 286. These steps are repeated until rafters 56 have been attached to all of the I-beams 286 that form the frontgable end.
The rear gable end 346 may or may not include framing for translucent panels 12.
When the rear gable end 346 is not framed, the rear gable end 346 is attached to an 2 o adjacent building or structure.
Sill.purlins.66 are connected to the. bottom 350 of the frame 14 by mechanical fasteners. The vertical members of the gable ends 344 and 346 are rafters 56.
The rafters 56 afe attached to the bottom 350 of the frame 14 arid to the rafters 56 at the top 352 of the gable end 344. The top ends 354 of the rafters 56 used on the gable 344 are mitered to match the angle of the top 352 of the gable 344.
Referring to Figures 16A, 16B and 17, a top connector block 356 is used to connect each vertically extending rafter to the rafters 56 that form the top 352 of the gable 344. The top connector block 356 is cut an angle corresponding to the top 352 of the gable 344. The top connector block 356 includes two threaded holes 358a, 358b for mounting the top connector block 356 to the rafters 56 that extend vertically.
The top connector block also includes a threaded hole 360 in an inclined face 362 for connecting the top connector block 356 to the rafter 55 that forms the top 352 of the gable.
The bottom of the rafters 56 which extend vertically on the front gable 344 are fastened to the bottom 350 of the frame 14 using bottom connector blocks 364, as shown in Figures 14A, 14B, 14C and 15. Each bottom connector block 364 is a stepped block having two clearance holes 366x, 366b that accommodate attachment of a bottom connector block 364 to the bottom of the frame 350. The sides 368a, 368b include threaded holes 370a, 370b that facilitate attachment to rafters 56 that extend vertically.
1o The rafters 56 that extend vertically have a notched-out base 372 and threaded holes 374 The rafters 56 that extend vertically are placed over the bottom connector blocks 364 and are fastened to the bottom connector blocks 364 with threaded fasteners.
At this point, the gable.end 344 has sill purlins extending across the base of the ;frame 14, rafters 56 connected to the I-beams 286 and rafters 56 that extend vertically from~the base 350 of the frame 14 to the top 352 of the gable 352.
Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the grid 376 on the gable end 344 is completed by assembling intermediate purlins 60 to the rafters 56 in a horizontal orientation. The intermediate purlin 60 are connected to the rafters 56 of the gable end 344 in the same manner that the intermediate purlins 60 are attached to the rafters 56 in constructing.the 2 o frame 14. Intermediate purlin connector blocks 212 are used to mount intermediate purlins 60 to rafters 56 to complete the framing of the gable ends.
Once the rafters 56 and purlins 58 have been assembled together to form the frame 14, the L-shaped gaskets 22 can be applied about the perimeter of the glazing profiles of the rafters 56, the intermediate purlins 60, the ridge purlins 62, the knee purlins b4 and the 2 5 sill purlins 66.
Referring to Figures 9A-9E, as the name suggests, the L-shaped gaskets. 22 are in the general shape of an "L". The bottom surface 378 and side surface 380 are the structural carrier member engaging surfaces 26. The lower portion 382 includes a , plurality of triangular teeth 384 extending from the lower portion's top surface 386. The top surface 34 of the upright portion 388 also includes a plurality of triangular teeth 390.
Each L-shaped gasket 22 includes two projections 86a, 86b that extend from the bottom surface 378. The projections 86a, 86b include shaft portions 392 (Figure 9E) and semi-circular head portions 394 that are the same or similar to the shaft portion 320 and serni-circular head portion 322 of the rafter gasket. The projections 86a, 86b are inserted into channels 84a, 84b in the rafters 56 and purlins 58. When the projections 86a, 86b of each L-shaped gasket 22 are inserted into the channels 84a, 84b, the shaft portion 392 of the L-shaped gasket 22 is forced through the passages 87 of the channels 84a, 84b and the semi-circular head 394 of the L-shaped gasket 22 becomes disposed within the semi-circular to cut-out 89 of the channels 84a, 84b to lock each L-shaped gasket 38 in place.
Referring to Figure 10, L-shaped gaskets are inserted into each of the glazing profiles of the rafters 56 and purlins 58 that make up the frame 14. At each location where the rafters 56 meet the purlins 58 or, as on the gable end 344, the rafters 56 intersect other rafters 56, the ends 396 of the L-shaped gaskets 22 are mitered at 45 °
, angles and connected together, so that they will form a continuous seal around the perimeter 398.of each translucent panel 12. The ends 396 are fused together by gluing, welding, sonic welding or melting them together. In the exemplary embodiment, the L-shaped gaskets 22 that correspond with each translucent panel 12 are first connected together and then inserted into the channels 84a, 84b of the rafters 56 and purlins 58.
2 o When all of the L-shaped gaskets 22 have been applied to the rafters 56 and purlins 58, the translucent panels 12 are placed on the L-shaped gaskets 22 and secured with pressure plates 18 assembled to upper gaskets 24.
Referring to Figures 9A-9D, the pressure plates 18 vary depending on the slope of the glazing profile. Planar pressure plate 400 can be used with the rafters 56, the 2 5 intermediate purlins 60 and the sill purlins 66, since the only difference in the glazing profiles 74, 204, 264 is the slope. Each planar pressure plate 400 includes a planar surface 402 having four channels 404a, 404b, 404c, 404d that facilitate mounting of the upper gaskets 24. The channels 404a, 404b, 404c, 404d include a passage 406 that extends into a semi-circular cut-out 408. Two sides 410a, 410b are inclined and extend upward to the top 412 of the planar pressure plate 400. The top 412 includes a channel 414 that allows connectors used to mount the planar pressure plate 400 to be concealed below the top 412 of the planar pressure plate 400. The channel 414 and the top 412 of the planar pressure plate 400 includes two nubs 416a, 416b for holding a cap 418 in place.
Referring to Figure 9C, each ridge pressure plate 420 includes a planar surface 422 that extends outward to two inclined gasket accommodating surfaces 424a, 424b.
The inclined gasket accommodating surfaces 424a, 424b correspond to the slope 116 of the ridge purlin 62. Each ridge pressure plate 420 includes four channels 426x, 426b, 426c, 426d, two in each inclined gasket accommodating surface 424a, 424b. The ridge pressure l0 plate channels 426a, 426b, 426c, 426d each include a passage 428 that extends into a semi-circular cut-out 430. The sides 432x, 432b of the ridge pressure plate 420 are comprised of two abutting planar segments that extend upward to a top 434 of the ridge pressure plate 420. The top 434 of the ridge pressure plate 420 includes a screw concealing channel 436 that extends into the center of the ridge pressure plate 420. The screw concealing channel 436 of the ridge pressure plate 420 is the same as the screw concealing channel 436 of the planar pressure plate 400, including two nubs 438x, 438b for capturing a cap 418.
Referring to Figure 9D, the knee pressure plates 440 are generally the same as the ridge pressure plates 420, except that the gasket accommodating surfaces 442a, 442b are 2 0 at different angles. The knee pressure plate 440 includes a planar surface 444 with two inclined gasket accommodating surfaces 442a, 442b extending from it. The gasket accommodating surfaces 442a, 442b of the knee pressure plate 440 include four channels 446a, 446b, 446c, 446d for connection of upper gaskets 24. The channels 446a, 446b, 446c, 446d each include a passage 448 that extends into a semi-circular cut-out 450. The 2 5 sides 452a, 452b of the knee pressure plate 440 are comprised of two abutting planar segments that extend upward to the top 454 of the knee pressure plate. In the center of the knee pressure plate 440, extending in from the top 454 is a channel 456 for concealing connectors used to mount the knee pressure plate 440. The channel 456 of the knee pressure plate 440 is identical to the channels of the planar pressure plate 400 and the ridge pressure plate 420. The channel 456 includes t~.vo nubs 458x, 458b for securing a cap 418 to the knee pressure plate.
Referring to Figure 9F, like the L-shaped gaskets 22, the same upper gaskets are used for each pressure plate 18. The upper gaskets 24 each include a glass sealing surface 32, a pressure bar engaging surface 30, a vertical side 464, an inclined side 462 and two projections 466a, 466b that extend from the pressure bar engaging surface 30.
The glass sealing surface 32 includes a plurality of triangular projections 468 that extend down from the glass sealing surface 32. The projections 466x, 466b that extend from the pressure bar engaging surface 30' each include a shaft 470 and a semi-circular head 472.
1 o The upper gasket 24 is wider than the L-shaped gasket, so that when installed, the upper gasket 24 will overlap a greater extent of the translucent panel 12 than~the L-shaped gasket 22. Triangular projections 468 extend the entire width of the upper gasket 24.
The incline side 462 of the upper gasket 24 extends slightly above the pressure bar engaging surface 30.
~ ~ Referring to Figure 1 l, the upper gaskets 24 are attached to the planar pressure plates 400, ridge pressure plates 420 and knee pressure plates 440 by orienting the vertical side 464 of the upper gasket 24 toward the center of the pressure plates 18.
The projections 466x, 466b of the top gasket 24 are aligned with corresponding channels 404a-404d, 426a-426d, 446a-446d and are pressed into the channels. The semi-circular 2 o head 472 of the top gasket 24 becomes disposed in the semi-circular cut-outs 408, 430, 450 to lock the upper gaskets 24 in place. The shaft 470 of the top gasket 24 extends through the passage 406, 428, 448 of the channels. When installed a lip 462a of the inclined side 462 of the top gasket 24 exterids past the sides of the pressure plates 18. The pressure bar engaging surface 30 engages the pressure bar 18.
Referring now to Figures 9A, 9B, 9C, 9D and 13, the assembled upper gaskets 24 and pressure bars 18 are assembled to the translucent panels 12 that are resting on the assembly of L-shaped gaskets 24 and structural carrier members 16. The planar pressure plates 400, ridge pressure plates 420 and knee pressure plates 440 are placed on corresponding rafters 56, intermediate purlins 60, sill purlins 66, ridge purlins 62 and knee purlins 64. The center of each pressure plate 18 is aligned with each screw boss of the rafters 56 and the purlins 58.
Referring to Figure 1 l, at each location where a pressure plate 18 intersects another pressure plate, the ends 474 of the upper gaskets 24 are mitered at 45 ° angles and connected together, so that they will form a continuous seal around the perimeter 398 of each translucent panel 12. The ends 474 are fused together by gluing, welding, sonic welding or melting them together.
Mechanical fasteners are inserted through holes (not shown) in the pressure bars 18 to connect the pressure bars 18 to the rafters 56 and purlins 58. In the exemplary to embodiment, the fasteners used are number l2~sheet metal screws that are torqued to approximately 85 foot pounds: When properly torqued, the triangular teeth 384 of the L-shaped gasket sealing surface 28 are deformed by the first side 13a of the translucent panel 12 at a plurality of locations to form seals between the L-shaped gasket and the ;translucent panel 12. The triangular projections 468 that extend from the glass sealing surface 32 of the upper gasket 24~engage the second side 13b of the translucent panels 12 to provide a plurality of seals between the upper gasket 24 and the second'side 13b of the translucent panel 12. When properly torqued, the triangular teeth 390 of the upright portion 388 of the L-shaped gasket 22 engage the triangular projections 468 of the upper gasket to provide a seal between the upper gasket 24 and the L-shaped gasket 22.
2o When the pressure plates 18 are properly assembled to the rafters 56 and purlins 58, the bottom surface 378 of the L-shaped gasket 22 tightly engages the rafters 56 and purlins 58 to form a fluid tight seal and the pressure bar engaging surface 30 of the upper gasket 24 tightly engages the pressure plates 18 to form a fluid tight seal between the upper gasket 24 and the pressure plates 18. When the containment structure is properly 2 5 assembled, the lower portion 3 82 of the L-shaped gasket 22 is compressed and a small bulge or bubble (not shown) will extend from the side of the rafter 56 or purlin 58.
Referring to Figure 13 the cap 418 is a flat extruded strip of plastic. Each cap 418 corresponds to a pressure plate 18. The purpose of the caps 418 is to conceal the hardware used to assemble the frame 14. Each cap 418 includes two sides 476a, 476b having recesses 478a, 478b. Each 418 is installed on a corresponding pressure plate 18 by snapping the sides 476a, 476b into the channel of the pressure bar, causing the recesses 478a, 478b of the cap 418 to engage the nubs in the pressure plate channel.
When assembled properly, air is impeded from entering the seals formed by the pressure plates 18, upper gaskets 24, L-shaped gaskets 22 and rafters 56 or purlins 58. In order to penetrate the seal of the containment structure 10, air or moisture must penetrate the seals between the first translucent panel side.13a and the sealing surface 28 of the L
shaped gasket 22 and the seal between the second side 13b of the translucent panel and the glass sealing surface 32 of the upper gasket 24 or air would have to penetrate the seals l0 between the pressure bar engaging surface 18 of the upper gasket 24 and the pressure plates 18 and penetrate the seal between the glazing profile 74 and the L-shaped gasket 22.
The containment framurig structure 10 of the present invention was designed to quarantine and study plants. The. containment framing structure 10 meets BSL
level 3 requirements. BSL level 3 requirements ensure that plants and other organisms are not allowed to escape the containment framing structure 10 and possibly reproduce outside the structure 10, causing harm to the environment.
The containment framing structure 10 allows not more than 0.03 cubic feet per minute of air pressurized at 6.24 pounds per square foot (above atmospheric pressure) to 2 o enter the structure 10. The containment framing structure does not allow any water pressurized at 10 pounds .per square foot (.above atmospheric) to enter the structure 10.
The containment structure 10 does not include any weep holes that allow moisture to escape. Any moisture that is trapped in the greenhouse 10 is forced downward by gravity on the translucent panels 12 to the gaskets 22,24, where the moisture drips into to the drip gutters in the purlins 58. The ends 59 of the purlin drip gutters are notched back slightly (not hown), allowing moisture in the purlin drip gutters to be channeled downward by the drip gutters 74 of the rafters 56.
The rafters 56 and purlins 58 can be used to form structures other than specifically identified in the specification and shown in the drawings. For example, the containment structure 10 of the present invention can be used to make skylights or corridors in a containment framing system. Although the system is shown in use with a superstructure 284 formed of I-beams 286, it should be readily apparent that the unique design of the rafters 56 and purlins 58 allow it to be used to form structures without the.
necessity of a superstructure 284. The rafters 56 and purlins 58 used in the present invention are very strong and allow very long spans to be traversed.
Although the present invention has been described with a degree of particularity, it is the intent that the invention include all modifications and alterations falling within the spirit or scope of the appended claims.

Claims (33)

1) A containment structure for securing a translucent panel between first and second gaskets, comprising:
a) a structural carrier member having a top section adapted to connect said first gasket to said structural carrier member; and b) a pressure bar having a gasket accommodating surface for connecting said second gasket to said pressure bar, said pressure bar being fastened to said structural carrier member to secure said translucent panel between said first and second gaskets.
2) The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising at least one channel extending into said structural carrier member for inserting a corresponding at least one projection extending from said first gasket.
3) The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising at least one channel in said pressure bar for insertion of at least one projection extending from said second gasket.
4) The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said top section is adapted to provide a seal between said structural carrier member and said first gasket.
5) The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said gasket accommodating surface is adapted to provide a seal between said pressure bar and said second gasket.
6) The apparatus of claim 1 wherein at least two structural carrier members are connected together and at least two pressure bars are connected to said structural carrier members to form a frame around a corner of said translucent panel.
7) The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said structural carrier member includes a screw boss for connecting said pressure bar to said structural carrier member.
8) The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said structural carrier member includes one or more gutters for channeling moisture away from an interior of said containment structure.
9) The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising a channel in said structural carrier member for mounting said structural carrier member to an adjacent structural member with a connector plate.
10) The apparatus of claim 9 wherein a structural carrier gasket is disposed in said channel in said structural carrier member between said structural carrier member and said adjacent structural member.
11) The apparatus of claim 9 wherein a connector plate gasket is disposed between said connector plate and said adjacent structural carrier member.
12) A containment structure for providing a fluid tight connection between a translucent panel and an adjoining structural member, comprising:
a) a structural carrier.member connected to said translucent panel b) a connector plate connected to a base of said structural carrier member;
c) a structural carrier gasket having a first side adapted to fit in a channel in said base of said structural carrier member and a second side for contacting said adjoining structural member to form a fluid tight seal between said structural carrier member and said adjoining structural member when said connector plate is fastened to said adjoining structural member; and d) a connector plate gasket having a first side adapted to fit in a channel in said connector plate and a second side for contacting said adjoining structural member to form a fluid tight seal between said connector plate and said adjoining structural member when said connector plate is fastened to said adjoining structural member.
13) The apparatus of claim 12 wherein said connector plate includes a ridge adapted to fit in said channel in said base of said structural carrier member.
14) A containment structure for providing a fluid tight seal between a translucent panel and an adjoining structural member, comprising:
a) a structural carrier member having a top section adapted to connect a first gasket to said structural carrier member, said structural carrier member including a base with a channel therein;
b) a pressure bar having a gasket accommodating surface for connecting a second gasket to said pressure bar, said pressure bar being fastened to said structural carrier member to secure said translucent panel between said first and second gaskets.

c) a connector plate connected to said base of said structural carrier member;
d) a structural carrier gasket having a first side adapted to fit in said channel in said base of said structural carrier member and a second side for contacting said adjoining structural member to form a fluid tight seal between said structural carrier member and said adjoining structural member when said connector plate is fastened to said adjoining structural member; and e) a connector plate gasket having a first side adapted to fit in a channel in said connector plate and a second side for contacting said adjoining structural member to form a fluid tight seal between said connector plate and said adjoining structural member when said connector plate is fastened to said adjoining structural member.
15) A structural carrier member for a containment structure comprising:
a) a top section having at least one channel for connecting a corresponding at least on projection of a gasket; and b) a screw boss extending from said top section for connecting a pressure plate.
16) The structural carrier member of claim 15 further comprising a rectangular tubular portion disposed below said top section.
17) The structural carrier member of claim 16 further comprising at least one gutter extending from a side of said rectangular tubular portion.
18) The structural carrier member of claim 16 further comprising at a channel in a base of said of said rectangular tubular portion.
19) A structural carrier member for a containment structure comprising:
a) a top section having at least one channel for connecting a corresponding at least on projection of a gasket;
b) a screw boss extending from said top section for connecting a pressure plate;
c) a rectangular tubular portion disposed below said top section;
d) at least one gutter extending from a side of said rectangular tubular portion; and e) a channel in a base of said of said rectangular tubular portion.
20) A pressure bar for a containment structure comprising:
a) a central portion;
b) a gasket accommodating surface extending from said central portion, said gasket accommodating surface including at least one channel for insertion of a corresponding at least one projection of a gasket c) at least one hole through said central portion for connecting said pressure bar to a structural carrier member.
21) The pressure bar of claim 20 further comprising a channel extending into said central portion.
22) The pressure bar of claim 21 wherein said pressure bar includes two nubs extending inward from first and second sides of said channel.
23) A method for connecting first and second structural members, comprising:
a) fastening a threaded end of a ball lock pin to a first structural member, said ball lock pin includes an elongated portion extending from said threaded end and a ball portion extending from said elongated portion;
b) inserting a ball lock info a first threaded hole in said second structural member, said ball lock including a round hole that transitions to a reduced diameter slot and a first end;
c) inserting said ball lock pin through a second hole in said second structural member and into said round hole in said hall lock;
d) rotating said ball lock to bring an area of transition from said round hole to said reduced diameter slot of said ball lock into engagement with said ball portion of said ball lock pin;
e) threading a screw into said first threaded hale, until said screw fractionally engages said first end of said ball lock to lock said first and second structural members together.
24) A structural carrier member for a containment structure comprising:
a) a rectangular tubular portion having a base and first and second sides;
b) a top section defining a top of said rectangular tubular portion, said top section including first and second projections extending generally upward from a central portion of said top section, said first and second projections dividing said top section into first and second gasket accommodating portions, said top section defining a cavity between said first and second projections for accepting a fastener.
25) The structural carrier member further comprising a gutter extending outward and upward from said first side.
26) The structural carrier member of claim 24 further comprising first and second gasket retention channels in said first and second gasket accommodating portions.
27) The structural carrier member of claim 26 wherein said first and second gasket retention channels each include a passage that extends into a semi-circular opening.
28) The structural carrier member of claim 24 wherein said cavity includes serrated edges for capturing said fastener.
29) The structural carrier member of claim 24 further comprising a channel in said base for connection of a gasket.
30) The structural carrier member of claim 25 wherein said channel in said base comprises a rectangular cutout connected to a semicircular cutout.
31) A structural carrier member for a containment structure comprising:
a) a rectangular tubular portion having a base and first and second sides;
b) a gutter extending outward and upward from said first side. .
c) a top section defining a top of said rectangular tubular portion, said top section including first and second projections extending generally upward from a central portion of said top section, said first and second projections dividing said top section into first and second gasket accommodating portions, said top section defining a serrated cavity between said first and second projections for accepting a fastener;
d) a gasket retention channel in said first gasket accommodating portions for retaining a gasket, said gasket retention channel includes a passage that extends into a semi-circular opening.
32) The structural carrier member of claim 31 further comprising a channel in said base for connection of a gasket.
33) The structural carrier member of claim 32 wherein said channel in said base comprises a rectangular cutout connected to a semicircular cutout.
CA002325186A 2000-04-27 2000-11-07 Containment framing system Abandoned CA2325186A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US56008000A 2000-04-27 2000-04-27
US09/560,080 2000-04-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2325186A1 true CA2325186A1 (en) 2001-10-27

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA002325186A Abandoned CA2325186A1 (en) 2000-04-27 2000-11-07 Containment framing system

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Country Link
CA (1) CA2325186A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105493877A (en) * 2016-01-21 2016-04-20 河南省新乡市农业科学院 Watermelon plastic-greenhouse cultivation method

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105493877A (en) * 2016-01-21 2016-04-20 河南省新乡市农业科学院 Watermelon plastic-greenhouse cultivation method
CN105493877B (en) * 2016-01-21 2018-02-16 河南省新乡市农业科学院 A kind of watermelon move-in-mud robot method

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