CA2317553C - A drill pipe and method of forming and reconditioning a drill pipe - Google Patents
A drill pipe and method of forming and reconditioning a drill pipe Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2317553C CA2317553C CA002317553A CA2317553A CA2317553C CA 2317553 C CA2317553 C CA 2317553C CA 002317553 A CA002317553 A CA 002317553A CA 2317553 A CA2317553 A CA 2317553A CA 2317553 C CA2317553 C CA 2317553C
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- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- drill pipe
- journal
- tool
- stop collars
- drill
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005552 hardfacing Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001010 compromised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/10—Wear protectors; Centralising devices, e.g. stabilisers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/10—Wear protectors; Centralising devices, e.g. stabilisers
- E21B17/1057—Centralising devices with rollers or with a relatively rotating sleeve
- E21B17/1064—Pipes or rods with a relatively rotating sleeve
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
- E21B19/14—Racks, ramps, troughs or bins, for holding the lengths of rod singly or connected; Handling between storage place and borehole
- E21B19/15—Racking of rods in horizontal position; Handling between horizontal and vertical position
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B29/00—Cutting or destroying pipes, packers, plugs or wire lines, located in boreholes or wells, e.g. cutting of damaged pipes, of windows; Deforming of pipes in boreholes or wells; Reconditioning of well casings while in the ground
- E21B29/10—Reconditioning of well casings, e.g. straightening
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Drilling Tools (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
- Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
Abstract
A drill pipe (1; 12) has a journal (2; 15) formed thereon. Integrally formed stop collars (10, 11; 16, 17) are provided at each end of the journal (2; 15). The arrangement enables rotatable tools (18) to be fitted directly to a journal (2; 15) to reduce friction between the rotatable tool (18) and the journal (2; 15). The journal (2; 15) may be of a substantially greater length than the length of the rotatable tool (18) to facilitate lubrication and cooling. Alternatively removable stop collars (30; 31) are secured adjacent the ends of a journal (28) formed on the drill pipe (25). Methods of forming the journal surface (2; 15) during manufacture of a drill pipe are disclosed.
There are also disclosed methods for reconditioning an existing drill pipe (20) to form a journal (21) thereon.
There are also disclosed methods for reconditioning an existing drill pipe (20) to form a journal (21) thereon.
Description
Received 13 October 1999 A DRILL PIPE AND METHOD OF FORMING AND RECONDITIONING A
DRILL PIPE
Technical Field The present invention relates to a drill pipe, a method of forming drill pipe and drill pipe formed thereby as well as to a method of reconditioning drill pipe formed by conventional methods.
Background to the Invention Some currently available torque and drag reducing tools used in drilling applications installed directly onto drill pipes. Such tools may rotate about the drill pipe to reduce rotational torque. As the outer surface of standard drill pipe is neither perfectly round nor smooth, such tools have compromised torque reduction performance. Additionally, the fluid film operational principle of such tools sees drilling fluid, containing abrasive drill cuttings, passing between the tool and the drill pipe. This creates wear on the drill pipe and may compromise the strength of the drill pipe, particularly as the wear patterns can be deep circumferential grooves which may act as stress raisers in the tubular wall.
Disclosure of the Invention The object of the present invention is to provide a drill pipe having an integrally formed journal area having improved hardness, roundness and smoothness and methods of forming a journal on a drill pipe, or to at least provide the public with a useful choice.
According to a first aspect of the invention there is provided a drill pipe having coupling sections at either end thereof:
a pair of stop collars integrally formed with the drill pipe and extending radially outward; and AMEN-DED SHEET
IpEA/AU
Received 3 February 2000
DRILL PIPE
Technical Field The present invention relates to a drill pipe, a method of forming drill pipe and drill pipe formed thereby as well as to a method of reconditioning drill pipe formed by conventional methods.
Background to the Invention Some currently available torque and drag reducing tools used in drilling applications installed directly onto drill pipes. Such tools may rotate about the drill pipe to reduce rotational torque. As the outer surface of standard drill pipe is neither perfectly round nor smooth, such tools have compromised torque reduction performance. Additionally, the fluid film operational principle of such tools sees drilling fluid, containing abrasive drill cuttings, passing between the tool and the drill pipe. This creates wear on the drill pipe and may compromise the strength of the drill pipe, particularly as the wear patterns can be deep circumferential grooves which may act as stress raisers in the tubular wall.
Disclosure of the Invention The object of the present invention is to provide a drill pipe having an integrally formed journal area having improved hardness, roundness and smoothness and methods of forming a journal on a drill pipe, or to at least provide the public with a useful choice.
According to a first aspect of the invention there is provided a drill pipe having coupling sections at either end thereof:
a pair of stop collars integrally formed with the drill pipe and extending radially outward; and AMEN-DED SHEET
IpEA/AU
Received 3 February 2000
2 wherein a hardfacing material has been applied to the outer surface of the drill pipe between the stop collars to form a journal for supporting a rotating tool.
According to a further aspect of the invention there is provided a set of drill pipes as hereinbefore described wherein the stop collars of the drill pipes are located at different positions along the drill pipes to facilitate efficient stacking of the drill pipes.
According to a further aspect of the invention there is provided a combination comprising a drill pipe as hereinbefore described and a drilling tool. The length of the journal is sufficiently longer than the length of the drilling tool to facilitate lubrication and cooling of the interface between the journal and the tool to reduce friction therebetween.
According to another aspect of the invention there is provided a method of forming a journal on a drill pipe during manufacture comprising the steps of:
i/ applying a hardfacing material to a section of the drill pipe between a pair of intregally formed stop collars prior to heat treating the drill pipe, ii/ heat treating the drill pipe; and iii/ precision grinding the section to which the hardfacing material has been applied to form a smooth journal surface on the drill pipe.
The hardfacing is preferably an amorphous type hardfacing. The hardfacing may be applied by high velocity oxy fuel, plasma spray, combustion powder, combustion wire, arc wire spraying, flame thermal spray, nitriding, carburising or other case hardening techniques.
Alternatively, the hardfacing may be a ceramic material or PDC
(polycrystalline diamond compact).
According to another aspect of the invention there is provided a method of forming a journal on a section of preformed drill pipe comprising:
According to a further aspect of the invention there is provided a set of drill pipes as hereinbefore described wherein the stop collars of the drill pipes are located at different positions along the drill pipes to facilitate efficient stacking of the drill pipes.
According to a further aspect of the invention there is provided a combination comprising a drill pipe as hereinbefore described and a drilling tool. The length of the journal is sufficiently longer than the length of the drilling tool to facilitate lubrication and cooling of the interface between the journal and the tool to reduce friction therebetween.
According to another aspect of the invention there is provided a method of forming a journal on a drill pipe during manufacture comprising the steps of:
i/ applying a hardfacing material to a section of the drill pipe between a pair of intregally formed stop collars prior to heat treating the drill pipe, ii/ heat treating the drill pipe; and iii/ precision grinding the section to which the hardfacing material has been applied to form a smooth journal surface on the drill pipe.
The hardfacing is preferably an amorphous type hardfacing. The hardfacing may be applied by high velocity oxy fuel, plasma spray, combustion powder, combustion wire, arc wire spraying, flame thermal spray, nitriding, carburising or other case hardening techniques.
Alternatively, the hardfacing may be a ceramic material or PDC
(polycrystalline diamond compact).
According to another aspect of the invention there is provided a method of forming a journal on a section of preformed drill pipe comprising:
3 i/ lightly machining a section of the drill pipe between a pair of intregrally formed stop coliars;
ii/ applying a hardfacing material to the section of the drill pipe; and iii/ grinding the hardfaced section so that it is round and smooth.
The hardfacing material is preferably applied by spluttering, for example by twin arc or high velocity oxy fuel spraying the hardfacing material directly onto the existing drill pipe. The hardfacing material is preferably ARMORCOR M or ARNCO with options being Rolls Wood or other suitable materials.
There is further provided a drill pipe having coupling sections at either end thereof and a journal formed on the drill pipe between said coupling sections, the ovality of the journal being less than or equal to 0.7 mm.
According to an aspect of the invention there is provided a drill pipe having coupling sections at either end thereof and a journal formed on the pipe between said coupling sections, wherein the journal has a surface hardness of greater than or equal to 35 Rc.
According to another aspect of the invention there is provided a drill pipe comprising coupling sections at either end thereof, and a pair of stop collars integrally formed with the drill pipe and extending radially outward, wherein a surface of the pipe between that stop collars has a roughness of less than 0.8 micrometers to form a journal for supporting a rotating tool.
Brief Description of the Drawings The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 a: shows a partial sectional side view of drill pipe with an integrally formed journal surface;
3a Figure 1 b: shows a partial sectional side view of a drill pipe with a drilling tool secured thereto;
Figure 1 c: shows a partial sectional side view of a drill pipe having separate stop collars fitted thereto;
Figure 2: shows a section of conventional drill pipe;
Figure 3: shows the drill pipe of figure 2 after machining;
Figure 4: shows the application of a hardfacing material to the drill pipe shown in figure 3;
ii/ applying a hardfacing material to the section of the drill pipe; and iii/ grinding the hardfaced section so that it is round and smooth.
The hardfacing material is preferably applied by spluttering, for example by twin arc or high velocity oxy fuel spraying the hardfacing material directly onto the existing drill pipe. The hardfacing material is preferably ARMORCOR M or ARNCO with options being Rolls Wood or other suitable materials.
There is further provided a drill pipe having coupling sections at either end thereof and a journal formed on the drill pipe between said coupling sections, the ovality of the journal being less than or equal to 0.7 mm.
According to an aspect of the invention there is provided a drill pipe having coupling sections at either end thereof and a journal formed on the pipe between said coupling sections, wherein the journal has a surface hardness of greater than or equal to 35 Rc.
According to another aspect of the invention there is provided a drill pipe comprising coupling sections at either end thereof, and a pair of stop collars integrally formed with the drill pipe and extending radially outward, wherein a surface of the pipe between that stop collars has a roughness of less than 0.8 micrometers to form a journal for supporting a rotating tool.
Brief Description of the Drawings The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 a: shows a partial sectional side view of drill pipe with an integrally formed journal surface;
3a Figure 1 b: shows a partial sectional side view of a drill pipe with a drilling tool secured thereto;
Figure 1 c: shows a partial sectional side view of a drill pipe having separate stop collars fitted thereto;
Figure 2: shows a section of conventional drill pipe;
Figure 3: shows the drill pipe of figure 2 after machining;
Figure 4: shows the application of a hardfacing material to the drill pipe shown in figure 3;
4 PCT/NZ99/00001 Figure 5: shows the drill pipe of figure 4 after grinding.
Best Mode for Carrying out the Invention Referring to figure la there is shown a drill pipe 1 having an integrally formed journal generally indicated by the numeral 2. The drill string has a female coupling section 3 at one end, a male coupling section 4 at the other end and a pipe section 5 therebetween.
IU
Female coupling 3 and male coupling 4 are preferably formed by forging and are friction welded to respective ends of pipe section 5 at areas 6 and 7. The thickness of the drill pipe is seen to vary gradually from female coupling 3 and male coupling 4 to pipe section 5 at points 8 and 9. This gradual tapering avoids the creation of a stress point at a rapid transition.
Integrally formed collars 10 and 11 define a journal surface 12 therebetween.
The pipe string is formed substantially in accordance with standard procedures apart from the procedures for forming journal 2. Female portion 3 and male portion 4 (including journal 2) are formed by forging and are friction welded to pipe section 5. Male fitting 4 is forged in a shape including collars 10 and 11 and journal surface 12.
Prior to heat treating the drill pipe in a standard forming procedure an amorphous type hardfacing material is applied to journal surface 12. The hardf acing surface may be formed on journal surface 12 using case hardening techniques, such as nitriding or carburising. Alternatively high velocity oxy fuel, plasma spray, combustion powder, combustion wire, arc wire spraying, or flame thermal spray techniques may be used.
Alternatively, a ceramic layer or a PDC (polycrystalline diamond compact) layer may be applied.
Best Mode for Carrying out the Invention Referring to figure la there is shown a drill pipe 1 having an integrally formed journal generally indicated by the numeral 2. The drill string has a female coupling section 3 at one end, a male coupling section 4 at the other end and a pipe section 5 therebetween.
IU
Female coupling 3 and male coupling 4 are preferably formed by forging and are friction welded to respective ends of pipe section 5 at areas 6 and 7. The thickness of the drill pipe is seen to vary gradually from female coupling 3 and male coupling 4 to pipe section 5 at points 8 and 9. This gradual tapering avoids the creation of a stress point at a rapid transition.
Integrally formed collars 10 and 11 define a journal surface 12 therebetween.
The pipe string is formed substantially in accordance with standard procedures apart from the procedures for forming journal 2. Female portion 3 and male portion 4 (including journal 2) are formed by forging and are friction welded to pipe section 5. Male fitting 4 is forged in a shape including collars 10 and 11 and journal surface 12.
Prior to heat treating the drill pipe in a standard forming procedure an amorphous type hardfacing material is applied to journal surface 12. The hardf acing surface may be formed on journal surface 12 using case hardening techniques, such as nitriding or carburising. Alternatively high velocity oxy fuel, plasma spray, combustion powder, combustion wire, arc wire spraying, or flame thermal spray techniques may be used.
Alternatively, a ceramic layer or a PDC (polycrystalline diamond compact) layer may be applied.
5 PCT/NZ99/00001 The drill pipe is then heat treated in the normal manner. The journal surface 12 of the drill pipe so formed is then precision ground to form a smooth round journal surface upon which a tool may be fitted. As collars and 1 1 are integrally formed during manufacture of the drill pipe 1 no 5 additional collars need to be provided. Due to the smoothness of journal 12 the problems associated with fitting tools directly to drill pipes encountered in the prior art may be substantially overcome.
10 Referring now to figure lb there is shown a drill pipe 19 having male and female coupling sections 13 and 14 at either end thereof. Journal 15 is located at a central region of the drill pipe 19 and stop collars 16 and 17 are integrally formed with drill pipe 19 at either end of journal 15. A
rotatable drilling tool 18 is secured about journal 15. A rotatable drilling tool 18 may be a multi-part drilling tool as described in WO 96/34173, or similar, which is able to be secured about journal 15 in use.
The length b of journal 15 is preferably sufficiently greater than the length a of rotatable drilling tool 18 to allow effective lubrication and cooling of the interface between journal 15 and rotatable drilling tool 18. Length b is preferably at least 20% greater than length a, preferably length b is more than 35% greater than length a, more preferably length b is more than 50% greater than length a. By allowing the rotatable drilling tool 18 to move along joumal 15 lubricant may be introduced to the interface between journal 15 and rotatable drilling tool 18 as well as allowing heat to dissipate from journal 15, thus reducing wear.
In the embodiment shown in figure lb collars 16 and 17 are provided at a central location along drill pipe 19. In the embodiment of figure 1 a the stop collar 10 and stop collar formed by male coupling section 11 were provided at one end of the drill pipe 1. By providing a set of drill pipes having the collars located at different positions along the drill pipes the drill
10 Referring now to figure lb there is shown a drill pipe 19 having male and female coupling sections 13 and 14 at either end thereof. Journal 15 is located at a central region of the drill pipe 19 and stop collars 16 and 17 are integrally formed with drill pipe 19 at either end of journal 15. A
rotatable drilling tool 18 is secured about journal 15. A rotatable drilling tool 18 may be a multi-part drilling tool as described in WO 96/34173, or similar, which is able to be secured about journal 15 in use.
The length b of journal 15 is preferably sufficiently greater than the length a of rotatable drilling tool 18 to allow effective lubrication and cooling of the interface between journal 15 and rotatable drilling tool 18. Length b is preferably at least 20% greater than length a, preferably length b is more than 35% greater than length a, more preferably length b is more than 50% greater than length a. By allowing the rotatable drilling tool 18 to move along joumal 15 lubricant may be introduced to the interface between journal 15 and rotatable drilling tool 18 as well as allowing heat to dissipate from journal 15, thus reducing wear.
In the embodiment shown in figure lb collars 16 and 17 are provided at a central location along drill pipe 19. In the embodiment of figure 1 a the stop collar 10 and stop collar formed by male coupling section 11 were provided at one end of the drill pipe 1. By providing a set of drill pipes having the collars located at different positions along the drill pipes the drill
6 PCT/NZ99/00001 pipes may nestle together when stacked to achieve more efficient stacking.
Referring now to figure 1 c there is shown a drill pipe 25 having male and female coupling sections 26 and 27 at either end thereof. Journal 28 is formed on drill pipe 25 and a rotatable tool 29 is mounted upon journal 28.
In this case moveable stop collars 30 and 31 are secured at either end of journal 28. Stop collars 30 and 31 may be of two part construction so that they can be secured to drill pipe 25 in use. This arrangement allows the spacing between the stop collars to be varied depending upon the tool secured to the drill pipe. It also simplifies the manufacture of drill pipe as the stop collars do not need to be integrally formed, particularly for central areas of the drill pipe. This approach is also applicable where a journal is to be formed upon an existing section of drill string.
The journals of the drill pipes described in figuees 1 a to 1 c should be round, hard and smooth to minimise wear of the journal surface and rotatable tool. The surface of the tool should have a roughness of less than 0.8 micrometres. The journal should have an ovality of less than or equal to 0.7 mm, preferably less than 0.5 mm and more preferably less than 0.25 mm. The journal should also have a surface hardness of greater than or equal to 35 Rc, preferably greater than 38 Rc. The length of the journal will typically be less than 3 metres. Methods of forming the journals will be described in conjunction with figures 2 to 5 below.
When machining or treating preformed drill pipes care must be taken not to heat the drill pipe in such a manner that it loses its temper. Referring now to figures 2 to 5 a method of reconditioning a drill pipe is shown schematically.
In figure 2 a drill pipe 20 is shown prior to reconditioning. In the first step shown in figure 3 a section 21 of the drill pipe is lightly machined, preferably by rotating the drill pipe in a lathe relative to bit 22 which
Referring now to figure 1 c there is shown a drill pipe 25 having male and female coupling sections 26 and 27 at either end thereof. Journal 28 is formed on drill pipe 25 and a rotatable tool 29 is mounted upon journal 28.
In this case moveable stop collars 30 and 31 are secured at either end of journal 28. Stop collars 30 and 31 may be of two part construction so that they can be secured to drill pipe 25 in use. This arrangement allows the spacing between the stop collars to be varied depending upon the tool secured to the drill pipe. It also simplifies the manufacture of drill pipe as the stop collars do not need to be integrally formed, particularly for central areas of the drill pipe. This approach is also applicable where a journal is to be formed upon an existing section of drill string.
The journals of the drill pipes described in figuees 1 a to 1 c should be round, hard and smooth to minimise wear of the journal surface and rotatable tool. The surface of the tool should have a roughness of less than 0.8 micrometres. The journal should have an ovality of less than or equal to 0.7 mm, preferably less than 0.5 mm and more preferably less than 0.25 mm. The journal should also have a surface hardness of greater than or equal to 35 Rc, preferably greater than 38 Rc. The length of the journal will typically be less than 3 metres. Methods of forming the journals will be described in conjunction with figures 2 to 5 below.
When machining or treating preformed drill pipes care must be taken not to heat the drill pipe in such a manner that it loses its temper. Referring now to figures 2 to 5 a method of reconditioning a drill pipe is shown schematically.
In figure 2 a drill pipe 20 is shown prior to reconditioning. In the first step shown in figure 3 a section 21 of the drill pipe is lightly machined, preferably by rotating the drill pipe in a lathe relative to bit 22 which
7 moves along the section 21. The extent of machining has been greatly exaggerated for illustrative purposes.
In the next step shown in figure 4 a hardfacing material is applied. The procedure used to form the hardfacing must not heat the drill pipe 20 in such a manner as to affect its temper. One method is to apply material by sptuttering, preferably by twin arc or high velocity oxy fuel spraying hardfacing material 23 directly onto section 21 of the drill pipe. This technique requires careful preheating of the drill pipe to a temperature which is not so hot as to affect the temper of the pipe but not so cold that the hardfacing will not be successfully applied. The hardfacing material 23 is deposited using a finely calibrated arc transfer pressure. A back-step application technique may be required to ensure that the base material temperature remains within acceptable limits.
Preferred hardfacing materials are ARMORCOR M or ARNCO. It will, however, be appreciated that other suitable techniques or materials may be employed as long as the above requirements are met.
In the final step, shown in figure 5, the hardfaced section 21 is ground by aluminium oxide grinder 24 so that the journal surface 21 is round and smooth. A drilling tool may then be installed onto the drill pipe in the normal way. If required, collars may be provided at either end of journal section 21.
The invention thus provides an improved drill pipe including an integrally formed journal which enables rotatable toots to be directly mounted to the journal surface resulting in decreased friction between the tool and the drill pipe and minimising wear on the drill pipe.
There is also provided a method of reconditioning existing drill pipe to provide a journal for receiving a tool which results in reduced friction between the tool and the drill pipe and minimises wear on the drill.
In the next step shown in figure 4 a hardfacing material is applied. The procedure used to form the hardfacing must not heat the drill pipe 20 in such a manner as to affect its temper. One method is to apply material by sptuttering, preferably by twin arc or high velocity oxy fuel spraying hardfacing material 23 directly onto section 21 of the drill pipe. This technique requires careful preheating of the drill pipe to a temperature which is not so hot as to affect the temper of the pipe but not so cold that the hardfacing will not be successfully applied. The hardfacing material 23 is deposited using a finely calibrated arc transfer pressure. A back-step application technique may be required to ensure that the base material temperature remains within acceptable limits.
Preferred hardfacing materials are ARMORCOR M or ARNCO. It will, however, be appreciated that other suitable techniques or materials may be employed as long as the above requirements are met.
In the final step, shown in figure 5, the hardfaced section 21 is ground by aluminium oxide grinder 24 so that the journal surface 21 is round and smooth. A drilling tool may then be installed onto the drill pipe in the normal way. If required, collars may be provided at either end of journal section 21.
The invention thus provides an improved drill pipe including an integrally formed journal which enables rotatable toots to be directly mounted to the journal surface resulting in decreased friction between the tool and the drill pipe and minimising wear on the drill pipe.
There is also provided a method of reconditioning existing drill pipe to provide a journal for receiving a tool which results in reduced friction between the tool and the drill pipe and minimises wear on the drill.
8 Where in the foregoing description reference has been made to integers or components having known equivalents then such equivalents are herein incorporated as if individually set forth.
Although this invention has been described by way of example it is to be appreciated that improvements and/or modifications may be made thereto without departing from the scope of the present invention as defined in the claims.
Although this invention has been described by way of example it is to be appreciated that improvements and/or modifications may be made thereto without departing from the scope of the present invention as defined in the claims.
Claims (40)
1. A drill pipe having coupling sections at either end thereof and a journal formed on the pipe between said coupling sections, wherein the journal has a surface hardness greater than or equal to 35 Rc.
2. A drill pipe as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a pair of stop collars integrally formed with the drill pipe and extending radially outward.
3. A drill pipe as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein one stop collar is one of the coupling sections.
4. A drill pipe as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the journal is located in a central region of the drill pipe between the couplings.
5. A drill pipe as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the surface of the journal has a roughness of less than 0.8 micrometers.
6. A drill pipe as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the ovality of the journal is less than or equal to 0.7mm.
7. A drill pipe as claimed in claim 6, wherein the ovality of the journal is less than 0.5mm.
8. A drill pipe as claimed in claim 7, wherein the ovality of the journal is less than 0.25mm.
9. A drill pipe as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the actual length of the journal is less then 3 metres.
10. A drill pipe as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the journal has a surface hardness greater than 38 Rc.
11. A drill pipe as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the stop collars are positioned so that for a tool of a given length the spacing between the stop collars is greater than the tool length by an amount sufficient to promote lubrication and cooling of the interface between the tool and the drill pipe.
12. A drill pipe as claimed in claim 11, wherein the spacing between the stop collars is at least 20% greater than the length of the tool.
13. A drill pipe as claimed in claim 12, wherein the spacing between the stop collars is 35% greater than the length of the tool.
14. A drill pipe as claimed in claim 11, wherein the spacing between the stop collars is at least 50% greater than the length of the tool.
15. A combination comprising a drill pipe as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, and a drilling tool wherein the tool is securable about the journal of the drill pipe so that the journal is at least partially located within a bore in the drilling tool.
16. A combination as claimed in claim 15, wherein the spacing between the stop collars is at least 20% greater than the length of the tool.
17. A combination as claimed in claim 15, wherein the spacing between the stop collars is at least 35% greater than the length of the tool.
18. A combination as claimed in claim 15, wherein the spacing between the stop collars is at least 50% greater than the length of the tool.
19. A set of drill pipes as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the stop collars of the drill pipes are located at different axial positions along the drill pipes to facilitate efficient stacking of the drill pipes.
20. A method of forming a journal on a drill pipe during manufacture, the method comprising the steps of:
applying a hardfacing material to a section of the drill pipe between a pair of integrally formed stop collars prior to heat treating the drill pipe;
heat treating the drill pipe; and precision grinding the section to which the hardfacing material has been applied to form a smooth journal surface on the drill pipe.
applying a hardfacing material to a section of the drill pipe between a pair of integrally formed stop collars prior to heat treating the drill pipe;
heat treating the drill pipe; and precision grinding the section to which the hardfacing material has been applied to form a smooth journal surface on the drill pipe.
21. A method as claimed in claim 20, wherein the hardfacing material is amorphous type hardfacing material.
22. A method as claimed in claim 20 or 21, wherein the hardfacing materials applied by a case hardening process.
23. A method as claimed in claim 22, wherein the case hardening process is carburising.
24. A method as claimed in claim 22, wherein the case hardening process is nitriding.
25. A method as claimed in claim 20 or 21, wherein the hardfacing is applied using high velocity oxy fuel technique.
26. A method as claimed in claim 20 or 21, wherein the hardfacing material is applied using a plasma spray.
27. A method as claimed in claim 20 or 21, wherein the hardfacing material is applied using a combustion powder.
28. A method as claimed in claim 20 or 21, wherein the hardfacing is applied to using combustion wire.
29. A method as claimed in claim 20 or 21, wherein the hardfacing material is applied using an arc wire spraying technique.
30. A method as claimed in claim 20 or 21, wherein the hardfacing material is applied using a flame thermal spray technique.
31. A method as claimed in claim 20, wherein the hardfacing material is a polycrystalline diamond compact material.
32. A method as claimed in claim 20, wherein the hardfacing material is a ceramic material.
33. A drill pipe having a journal formed by the method of any one of claims 20 to 23.
34. A method of forming a journal on a section of preformed drill pipe, the method comprising:
lightly machining a section of the drill pipe between a pair of integrally formed stop collars;
applying a hardfacing material to the section of the drill pipe; and grinding the hardfaced section so that it is round and smooth.
lightly machining a section of the drill pipe between a pair of integrally formed stop collars;
applying a hardfacing material to the section of the drill pipe; and grinding the hardfaced section so that it is round and smooth.
35. A method as claimed in claim 34, wherein the hardfacing material is applied by spluttering the material onto the drill pipe.
36. A method as claimed in claim 35, wherein a twin arc spluttering process is used.
37. A method as claimed in claim 34, wherein a high velocity oxy fuel spraying technique is employed to apply the hardfacing material.
38. A method as claimed in any one of claims 34 to 37, wherein the hardfacing material is ARMORCOR M.
39. A method as claimed in any one of claims 34 to 37, wherein the hardfacing material is ARNCO.
40. A drill pipe comprising:
coupling sections at either end thereof; and a pair of stop collars integrally formed with the drill pipe and extending radially outward, wherein a surface of the pipe between the stop collars has a roughness of less than 0.8 micrometers to form a journal for supporting a rotating tool.
coupling sections at either end thereof; and a pair of stop collars integrally formed with the drill pipe and extending radially outward, wherein a surface of the pipe between the stop collars has a roughness of less than 0.8 micrometers to form a journal for supporting a rotating tool.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NZ32953698 | 1998-01-05 | ||
NZ329536 | 1998-01-05 | ||
PCT/NZ1999/000001 WO1999035366A1 (en) | 1998-01-05 | 1999-01-05 | A drill pipe and method of forming and reconditioning a drill pipe |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CA2317553A1 CA2317553A1 (en) | 1999-07-15 |
CA2317553C true CA2317553C (en) | 2007-06-12 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA002317553A Expired - Fee Related CA2317553C (en) | 1998-01-05 | 1999-01-05 | A drill pipe and method of forming and reconditioning a drill pipe |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6557654B1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1045958B1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU744741B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2317553C (en) |
DE (1) | DE69938712D1 (en) |
NO (1) | NO317250B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1999035366A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB0000817D0 (en) * | 2000-01-15 | 2000-03-08 | Bbl Downhole Tools Ltd | Torque reduction tool |
US7361411B2 (en) * | 2003-04-21 | 2008-04-22 | Att Technology, Ltd. | Hardfacing alloy, methods, and products |
US20090258250A1 (en) * | 2003-04-21 | 2009-10-15 | ATT Technology, Ltd. d/b/a Amco Technology Trust, Ltd. | Balanced Composition Hardfacing Alloy |
US7111517B2 (en) * | 2004-07-29 | 2006-09-26 | Agere Systems, Inc. | Apparatus and method for in-situ measuring of vibrational energy in a process bath of a vibrational cleaning system |
US7487840B2 (en) * | 2004-11-12 | 2009-02-10 | Wear Sox, L.P. | Wear resistant layer for downhole well equipment |
US7632323B2 (en) * | 2005-12-29 | 2009-12-15 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Reducing abrasive wear in abrasion resistant coatings |
US20070209839A1 (en) * | 2006-03-08 | 2007-09-13 | ATT Technology Trust, Ltd. d/b/a Arnco Technology Trust, Ltd. | System and method for reducing wear in drill pipe sections |
EP2417324B1 (en) | 2009-04-07 | 2017-05-17 | Frank's International, Inc. | Friction reducing wear band and method of coupling a wear band to a tubular |
US20110315261A1 (en) * | 2010-06-23 | 2011-12-29 | Coleman Jay B | Labeled drill pipe |
US9920412B2 (en) | 2013-08-28 | 2018-03-20 | Antelope Oil Tool & Mfg. Co. | Chromium-free thermal spray composition, method, and apparatus |
US9631157B2 (en) | 2013-10-18 | 2017-04-25 | Weatherford Technology Holdings, Llc | Cu—Ni—Sn alloy overlay for bearing surfaces on oilfield equipment |
CN109162662A (en) * | 2018-09-10 | 2019-01-08 | 陕西陆油石油自动化设备有限公司 | A kind of multifunctional well head pipe series winding connection device |
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US2318263A (en) * | 1941-11-08 | 1943-05-04 | Hughes Tool Co | Method of securing hard facing material to tubular members |
CA1018511A (en) * | 1975-06-15 | 1977-10-04 | Derek B. Berthiaume | Eccentric stabilizer |
US4043611A (en) * | 1976-02-27 | 1977-08-23 | Reed Tool Company | Hard surfaced well tool and method of making same |
US4102552A (en) * | 1976-09-07 | 1978-07-25 | Smith International, Inc. | Tandem eccentric roller stabilizer for earth boring apparatus |
US4436118A (en) * | 1977-07-25 | 1984-03-13 | Smith International, Inc. | Sleeved drill pipe |
US4368021A (en) * | 1979-04-12 | 1983-01-11 | Service (Engineers) Limited | Oval dish forming method and machine |
DD156834A1 (en) * | 1981-03-12 | 1982-09-22 | Guenter Steinert | PANZERUNG FOR CONNECTORS AT LOW DRILLING RESTAURANT |
EP0061553B1 (en) * | 1981-03-30 | 1984-09-12 | MANNESMANN Aktiengesellschaft | Method for the surface treatment of screw threads |
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IT1176705B (en) * | 1984-09-13 | 1987-08-18 | Saipem Spa | PROCEDURE PERFECTED FOR SURFACE HARDENING OF THE JOINTS OF THE DRILLING AUCTIONS AND AUCTIONS SO OBTAINED |
US4665996A (en) | 1986-03-31 | 1987-05-19 | Exxon Production Research Company | Method for reducing friction in drilling operations |
US5010225A (en) | 1989-09-15 | 1991-04-23 | Grant Tfw | Tool joint and method of hardfacing same |
US4969378A (en) * | 1989-10-13 | 1990-11-13 | Reed Tool Company | Case hardened roller cutter for a rotary drill bit and method of making |
GB9317128D0 (en) * | 1993-08-17 | 1993-09-29 | Swietlik George | Equipment to reduce torque on a drill string |
US5727627A (en) * | 1995-04-13 | 1998-03-17 | Fce Control Flow Equipment Ltd. | Well rod centralizer/centralizer stop interface with wear reducing surface |
DE69635360T2 (en) | 1995-04-27 | 2006-07-27 | Weatherford/Lamb, Inc., Houston | Non-rotating centering basket |
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EP0843773B1 (en) | 1995-08-30 | 2000-10-18 | Drilltech Services (Asia) Pte Limited | Friction-reducing drill pipe component |
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US5810100A (en) * | 1996-11-01 | 1998-09-22 | Founders International | Non-rotating stabilizer and centralizer for well drilling operations |
-
1999
- 1999-01-05 DE DE69938712T patent/DE69938712D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-01-05 US US09/581,807 patent/US6557654B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-01-05 CA CA002317553A patent/CA2317553C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-01-05 WO PCT/NZ1999/000001 patent/WO1999035366A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1999-01-05 EP EP99901246A patent/EP1045958B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-01-05 AU AU20784/99A patent/AU744741B2/en not_active Ceased
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2000
- 2000-06-06 NO NO20002888A patent/NO317250B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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EP1045958A4 (en) | 2006-02-01 |
EP1045958B1 (en) | 2008-05-14 |
CA2317553A1 (en) | 1999-07-15 |
AU2078499A (en) | 1999-07-26 |
EP1045958A1 (en) | 2000-10-25 |
NO317250B1 (en) | 2004-09-27 |
US6557654B1 (en) | 2003-05-06 |
DE69938712D1 (en) | 2008-06-26 |
NO20002888D0 (en) | 2000-06-06 |
NO20002888L (en) | 2000-08-14 |
AU744741B2 (en) | 2002-02-28 |
WO1999035366A1 (en) | 1999-07-15 |
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MKLA | Lapsed |
Effective date: 20180105 |