CA2276569A1 - Mechanical and thermal improvements in metal hydride batteries, battery modules and battery packs - Google Patents
Mechanical and thermal improvements in metal hydride batteries, battery modules and battery packs Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2276569A1 CA2276569A1 CA002276569A CA2276569A CA2276569A1 CA 2276569 A1 CA2276569 A1 CA 2276569A1 CA 002276569 A CA002276569 A CA 002276569A CA 2276569 A CA2276569 A CA 2276569A CA 2276569 A1 CA2276569 A1 CA 2276569A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- battery
- batteries
- modules
- optimized
- case
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 title 1
- 150000004681 metal hydrides Chemical class 0.000 title 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 abstract 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 abstract 4
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
- H01M50/103—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure prismatic or rectangular
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
- H01M10/0413—Large-sized flat cells or batteries for motive or stationary systems with plate-like electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
- H01M10/0468—Compression means for stacks of electrodes and separators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/34—Gastight accumulators
- H01M10/345—Gastight metal hydride accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
- H01M10/635—Control systems based on ambient temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/64—Heating or cooling; Temperature control characterised by the shape of the cells
- H01M10/647—Prismatic or flat cells, e.g. pouch cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/651—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by parameters specified by a numeric value or mathematical formula, e.g. ratios, sizes or concentrations
- H01M10/652—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by parameters specified by a numeric value or mathematical formula, e.g. ratios, sizes or concentrations characterised by gradients
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/653—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by electrically insulating or thermally conductive materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6551—Surfaces specially adapted for heat dissipation or radiation, e.g. fins or coatings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
- H01M10/6557—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange arranged between the cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6561—Gases
- H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/658—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by thermal insulation or shielding
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/317—Re-sealable arrangements
- H01M50/325—Re-sealable arrangements comprising deformable valve members, e.g. elastic or flexible valve members
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
- H01M50/503—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing characterised by the shape of the interconnectors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Algebra (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mathematical Analysis (AREA)
- Mathematical Optimization (AREA)
- Pure & Applied Mathematics (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Mechanically and thermally improved rechargeable batteries, modules and fluid-cooled battery systems are disclosed herein. The battery is prismatic in shape with an optimized thickness to width to height aspect ratio which provides the battery with balanced optimal properties when compared to prismatic batteries lacking this optimized aspect ratio. The optimized thickness, width and height allow for maximum capacity and power output, while eliminating deleterious side effects. The battery case allows for unidirectional expansion which is readily compensated for by applying external mechanical compression counter to that direction. In the module (32), the batteries are bound within a bundling/compression means under external mechanical compression which is optimized to balance outward pressure due to expansion and provide additional inward compression to reduce the distance between the positive and negative electrodes, thereby increasing overall battery power.
The fluid-cooled battery pack (39) includes a battery-pack case (40) having coolant inlets (41) and outlets (42); battery modules within the case such that they are spaced from the case walls and from each other to form coolant flow channels (43) along at least one surface of the bundled batteries; and at least one coolant transport means (44). The width of the coolant flow channels allows for maximum heat transfer. Finally, the batteries, modules and packs can also include means for providing variable thermal insulation to at least that portion of the rechargeable battery system which is most directly exposed to ambient thermal conditions, so as to maintain the temperature of the system within the desired operating range thereof under variable ambient conditions.
The fluid-cooled battery pack (39) includes a battery-pack case (40) having coolant inlets (41) and outlets (42); battery modules within the case such that they are spaced from the case walls and from each other to form coolant flow channels (43) along at least one surface of the bundled batteries; and at least one coolant transport means (44). The width of the coolant flow channels allows for maximum heat transfer. Finally, the batteries, modules and packs can also include means for providing variable thermal insulation to at least that portion of the rechargeable battery system which is most directly exposed to ambient thermal conditions, so as to maintain the temperature of the system within the desired operating range thereof under variable ambient conditions.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1997/000805 WO1998031059A1 (en) | 1997-01-13 | 1997-01-13 | Mechanical and thermal improvements in metal hydride batteries, battery modules and battery packs |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CA2276569A1 true CA2276569A1 (en) | 1998-07-16 |
CA2276569C CA2276569C (en) | 2006-11-14 |
Family
ID=22260251
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA002276569A Expired - Lifetime CA2276569C (en) | 1997-01-13 | 1997-01-13 | Mechanical and thermal improvements in metal hydride batteries, battery modules and battery packs |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0956602A4 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4286909B2 (en) |
KR (5) | KR100449983B1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU737894B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2276569C (en) |
UA (1) | UA46888C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1998031059A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109613055A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-04-12 | 上海工程技术大学 | A kind of the stable state measuring method and measurement device of cylindrical battery radial direction thermal coefficient |
Families Citing this family (49)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4224186B2 (en) * | 1999-06-10 | 2009-02-12 | パナソニック株式会社 | Collective secondary battery |
JP4220649B2 (en) * | 1999-06-10 | 2009-02-04 | パナソニック株式会社 | Assembled battery |
JP4136223B2 (en) | 1999-09-21 | 2008-08-20 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | Secondary battery |
JP4416266B2 (en) | 1999-10-08 | 2010-02-17 | パナソニック株式会社 | Sealed prismatic battery |
JP4559567B2 (en) | 1999-10-08 | 2010-10-06 | パナソニック株式会社 | Sealed storage battery |
JP4921629B2 (en) | 2000-03-31 | 2012-04-25 | パナソニック株式会社 | Fluid-cooled battery pack system |
JP4959867B2 (en) * | 2000-04-12 | 2012-06-27 | パナソニック株式会社 | Assembled battery heat dissipation evaluation method and assembled battery cooling design method using this heat dissipation evaluation method |
JP4757369B2 (en) * | 2000-05-08 | 2011-08-24 | パナソニック株式会社 | Rectangular alkaline storage battery, unit battery and assembled battery using the same |
JP3805664B2 (en) * | 2001-11-01 | 2006-08-02 | 株式会社マキタ | Battery pack |
JP4242665B2 (en) | 2002-05-13 | 2009-03-25 | パナソニック株式会社 | Battery pack cooling device and secondary battery |
JP4362321B2 (en) | 2003-06-13 | 2009-11-11 | パナソニック株式会社 | Assembled battery |
US8557429B2 (en) | 2005-02-18 | 2013-10-15 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Battery pack having battery modules held by holding spacers |
KR100684763B1 (en) | 2005-07-29 | 2007-02-20 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | Secondary battery module and connector |
KR100684846B1 (en) * | 2005-07-29 | 2007-02-20 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | Secondary battery module |
JP5177947B2 (en) * | 2005-08-11 | 2013-04-10 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | Battery pack and battery case with excellent heat dissipation |
WO2007053993A1 (en) * | 2005-11-08 | 2007-05-18 | Byd Company Limited | A heat dissipating device for a battery pack, and a battery pack using the same |
KR100749655B1 (en) * | 2005-12-20 | 2007-08-14 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | Battery Pack |
KR101143314B1 (en) * | 2006-10-16 | 2012-05-09 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | Battery Module of Compact Joint Structure |
JP5082568B2 (en) * | 2007-04-26 | 2012-11-28 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Power storage device |
JP2008282582A (en) | 2007-05-08 | 2008-11-20 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Battery pack |
KR100981878B1 (en) * | 2007-06-14 | 2010-09-14 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | Middle or Large-sized Battery Pack Case Providing Improved Distribution Uniformity of Coolant Flux |
KR100951324B1 (en) * | 2007-06-14 | 2010-04-08 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | Middle or Large-sized Battery Pack Case Providing Improved Distribution Uniformity of Coolant Flux |
US8231996B2 (en) | 2008-02-15 | 2012-07-31 | Atieva Usa, Inc | Method of cooling a battery pack using flat heat pipes |
KR101112442B1 (en) * | 2008-10-14 | 2012-02-20 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | Battery Module Assembly of Improved Cooling Efficiency |
JP5405102B2 (en) | 2008-12-27 | 2014-02-05 | 三洋電機株式会社 | Battery system |
DE102009016868A1 (en) * | 2009-04-08 | 2010-10-14 | Li-Tec Battery Gmbh | Galvanic cell, cell stack and heat sink |
CN102422458B (en) | 2009-05-14 | 2014-12-24 | 株式会社杰士汤浅国际 | Battery assembly |
KR101130043B1 (en) * | 2009-07-27 | 2012-03-28 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | Battery Module of Improved Cooling Efficiency |
EP2482356B1 (en) | 2009-09-24 | 2016-04-20 | LG Chem, Ltd. | Prismatic secondary battery having a safety groove |
US8846232B2 (en) | 2009-11-11 | 2014-09-30 | Atieva, Inc. | Flash cooling system for increased battery safety |
WO2012033234A1 (en) * | 2010-09-06 | 2012-03-15 | 볼보 컨스트럭션 이큅먼트 에이비 | Energy repository discharge system for construction machinery |
TWI451614B (en) * | 2010-12-08 | 2014-09-01 | Changs Ascending Entpr Co Ltd | Electrode structure of lithium battery |
KR101275813B1 (en) * | 2011-07-12 | 2013-06-18 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | Battery pack assembly |
US9705160B2 (en) | 2012-06-18 | 2017-07-11 | Hzo, Inc. | Moisture resistant energy storage devices and associated methods |
DE102012108767B4 (en) | 2012-09-18 | 2022-04-21 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | battery module |
JP6065327B2 (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2017-01-25 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Power storage module |
KR101638105B1 (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2016-07-08 | 포스코에너지 주식회사 | Module for high temperature operated secondary battery |
KR102224592B1 (en) * | 2015-03-16 | 2021-03-08 | 주식회사 뉴파워 프라즈마 | Battery pack of matrix structure for electromobile |
US10249916B2 (en) | 2015-04-13 | 2019-04-02 | Johnson Controls Technology Company | Connector barrel for a battery module |
USD920251S1 (en) | 2015-09-10 | 2021-05-25 | Cps Technology Holdings Llc | Battery module connector barrel |
JP6508094B2 (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2019-05-08 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Vehicle power system |
US10543795B2 (en) | 2016-09-02 | 2020-01-28 | Cps Technology Holdings Llc | Battery module connector barrel |
USD867993S1 (en) | 2016-09-02 | 2019-11-26 | Cps Technology Holdings Llc | Battery module connector barrel |
US11784365B2 (en) * | 2017-03-01 | 2023-10-10 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Battery module |
FR3067170A1 (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2018-12-07 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives | TRAVERSEE FORMING TERMINAL FOR METAL-ION ELECTROCHEMICAL ACCUMULATOR, INCORPORATING A GAS RELEASE VALVE, ASSOCIATED ACCUMULATOR |
JP7212564B2 (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2023-01-25 | 株式会社Subaru | automotive battery |
CN116420085A (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2023-07-11 | Ems铱美解决有限责任公司 | Composite battery connector system |
CN114552064B (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2023-11-07 | 重庆邮电大学 | Cooling system for lithium ion battery pack of electric automobile |
CN115483474B (en) * | 2022-10-24 | 2023-06-30 | 深圳市柏特瑞电子有限公司 | Battery charging monitoring system |
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US3607439A (en) * | 1969-07-02 | 1971-09-21 | Olin Mathieson | Minature battery or power cell containers |
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JPH04358950A (en) * | 1991-05-31 | 1992-12-11 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Electrically-driven vehicle and charging stand thereof |
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-
1997
- 1997-01-13 KR KR10-2004-7003613A patent/KR100449983B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-01-13 EP EP97902993A patent/EP0956602A4/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-01-13 AU AU17034/97A patent/AU737894B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-01-13 KR KR10-2003-7008623A patent/KR20030066764A/en active Search and Examination
- 1997-01-13 WO PCT/US1997/000805 patent/WO1998031059A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1997-01-13 UA UA99084633A patent/UA46888C2/en unknown
- 1997-01-13 KR KR10-2003-7008622A patent/KR20030066763A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-01-13 CA CA002276569A patent/CA2276569C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-01-13 KR KR10-1999-7006292A patent/KR100422175B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-01-13 JP JP53082398A patent/JP4286909B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-01-13 KR KR10-2003-7008624A patent/KR20030066765A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109613055A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-04-12 | 上海工程技术大学 | A kind of the stable state measuring method and measurement device of cylindrical battery radial direction thermal coefficient |
CN109613055B (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2023-12-12 | 上海工程技术大学 | Steady state measuring method and measuring device for radial heat conductivity coefficient of cylindrical battery |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU737894B2 (en) | 2001-09-06 |
KR100422175B1 (en) | 2004-03-10 |
CA2276569C (en) | 2006-11-14 |
WO1998031059A1 (en) | 1998-07-16 |
KR20030066765A (en) | 2003-08-09 |
KR20030066763A (en) | 2003-08-09 |
EP0956602A1 (en) | 1999-11-17 |
KR20030066764A (en) | 2003-08-09 |
EP0956602A4 (en) | 2004-09-22 |
KR100449983B1 (en) | 2004-09-22 |
JP2001507856A (en) | 2001-06-12 |
JP4286909B2 (en) | 2009-07-01 |
AU1703497A (en) | 1998-08-03 |
KR20040031078A (en) | 2004-04-09 |
KR20000070071A (en) | 2000-11-25 |
UA46888C2 (en) | 2002-06-17 |
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