CA2264099A1 - Form elements and wall construction with such form elements - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention concerns a form element with two form panels which are connected by means of spacers (Q) and proposes providing, at least in the spacers (Q), a longitudinal through hole which is sealed off from filler material placed between the panels. In a wall construction with such form elements, stabilising elements, such as straightening rails (RS), can be held and braced by means of connecting elements (G) which pass through the longitudinal holes in the wall. The connecting elements (G) can be easily removed. The form elements are preferably made of separately produced form panels and of spacers (Q) inserted into said panels.

Description

?02_/12/99 FRI 15:05 FAX 202 414 4040 VENABLE 002W0 96/06911 PCT/DE97/01555TitleForm Elements and Wall Construction with Such Form ElementsThe invention relates to a form element in accordance withthe preamble of claim 1, as well as a wall construction with suchform elements.Such form elements are employed in particular in connectionwith the so—ca11ed concrete casing type of construction. The formelements, which have been put together as form walls of the heightof a story, are filled with concrete and remain as heat insulationlayers on the hardened concrete walls, and therefore they are alsocalled remaining or lost forms.The Oppo?itely located form plates of the individual formelements are connected with each other, wherein transverse rigidexpanded plastic strips, which have been molded in one step withthe plates, or metallic connection strips, which have been foam—molded into the form plates, are customary.For producing such form elements, it is moreover also knownto connect separately produced form plates into form elements bymeans of spacers, in that for example pocket-shaped recesses witha T-shaped cross section are provided in the form plates, andspacers having correspondingly shaped ends are inserted into therecesses (DE 3305288A1, us—A—4sa4aa2). ‘An efficient and co-t—effecting construction simultaneouslyhaving a good heat insulation is possible by putting together aplurality of such form elements to form walls, and filling thewall space between the form plates with concrete. Eo.d “SE0 SE5 go‘ BJEQKELQ [pd LIQE‘ dE2=3CI 66-Zt-CladCA 02264099 l999-02- 15?@0MVENABLE02/12/99 FRI 15:10 FAX 202 414 4040PCT/DE97/01555..]_a..Ner_nAe.es_ln.._1hA spacer for a concrete casing wall, which is supported onthe interior surfaces of oppositely located casing plates, isknown from DE 17 84 998 A. The spacer has a central longitudinalbore of such a diameter that pins, driven from the outside throughthe casing plates, frictionelly adhere in the bores. By means ofthis it is possible to provide the assembly of the form by anailing process.A similar arrangement is known from FR 2328814 A, whereinfastening elements with a threaded pin are screwed from theoutside into one or both sides of the longitudinal bore and restagainst the exterior surface of the wall plates with a widecontact surface. DE 19 05 341 A also discloses a form systemwherein fastening elements are screwed or pushed from the outsideof the plates into an oblong hole of a spacer. VGB 2,088,925 A discloses form elements wherein oppositelylocated plate elements are connected with each other by means ofspacers, which have been inserted into recesses of the interiorplate surfaces.A form structure of oppositely located plates, which arestabilized in their position by means of bracing elementsextending through the entire wall, is described in FR 2,267,429.The distance between the plates is determined by spacing tubesinserted between them, which are supported by the tube ends,partially with the insertion of enlarged support disks, on theinterior surfaces of the plates and are extended through thebracing elements. TheAMENDED PAGE5JaqKEL3 N uec d9z=2o 66—ZI'qaiSt'd veto E2: SOLCA 02264099 1999-02-15?, 01502/12/99 FRI 15:10 FAX 202 414 4040 VENABLEPCT/DE97/01555plates and the spacing tubes remain on, or respectively in theconcrete-covered wall, the bracing elements, which can be used forattaching stabilizing means or the like, can be removed from thespacing tubes.A farm element for concrete casing construction is knownfrom EP 0 153 660 A2, wherein oppositely located lateral walls areconnected with each other via spacers. In one embodiment, thespacer can have one longitudinal here each from both ends, whichare aeparated by a strip remaining in the center. Later, thestrip can be drilled through, for example for passing linesthrough it. Markings on the exterior surfaces of the lateralwalls indicate the position of the here: of the spacers.AMENDED PAGE9!.‘ bgto E95 :04 64aqK?LD w Her d9Z=ZD 66*ZI'q3JCA 02264099 l999-02- 15?02/12/99170'dFRI 15:03 FAX 202 414 4040 VENABLE 003wo 98/06911 PCT/DE97/01555The object of the present invention is to digg1ose a formelement which is especially advantageous to handle,wall construction with such form elements.as well as aThe form element in accordance with the invention isdescribed in claim 1. The dependent claims contain embodimentsand further developments of the invention.The form element in accordance with the invention makespossible a simple and quick application of stabilizing elements.such as guide rails, on a wall construction with such formelements, and in particular the easy and quick removal of suchstabilizing elements,through the wall.including connecting elements extendingA particularly stable wall construction until the poured-inconcrete has hardened is possible by means of connecting elementspushed through the oblong holes.not come in contact with the concrete, they can be easily removedSince the connecting element: doafter hardening and do not form any heat bridges.The invention will be explained in detail below by means ofexemplary embodiments. Shown are in:Pig. 1, a plan View of an assembled form element,Fig. 2. details of a form plate in various sectionalplanes.Fig. 3, a preferred embodiment of a space: between two formplates.Fig. 4 to Fig. 7, further advantageous embodiments ofspacers in form plates,Fig. 8, bracing of stabilizing elements,Fig. 9, a cross section through the structure of a wallmade of form elements in accordanme with the invention,veeo see not BASQKELD N “E? dEZ‘Z° 55’z"q°‘CA 02264099 1999-02-15?, H00402/12/99 FRI 15:08 FAX 202 414 4040 VENABLEW0 98/06911 PCT/DE97/01555Fig. 10. an cblique—perspective representation 0: guiderails with supports.The form element sketched in Fig. 1 consists of two formplates SP and several identical spacers Q. The form plates arepreferably made of rigid expanded polystyrene and have essentiallyflat exterior surfaces FA and facing interior surfaces FI. In amanner known per se, the interior surfaces are provided with aregular rib structure RI, into which special end pieces of rigidexpanded plastic can be inserted. The exterior surfaces can alsobe provided with grooves or the like for improved anchoring of aplaster base. The lateral surfaces F8 are provided with indentedstructures. which engage each other when the form elements areplaced against each other.The upper surfaces F0 of the form plates, which are visiblein the plan view, are provided with a grid structure, for examplein the form of elevations RE. to which a grid of depressions RV inthe lower surfaces of the form plates corresponds.Pocket-shaped recesses T lead from the upper surfaces F0parallel with the surfaces FA, Fl into the form plates SP- Thecross section of these P?cket-shaped recesses, which are opentoward the interior surfaces Fr. corresponds to the shape of theends of the spacers which have been pushed into these recesses.A parallel alignment of the form plates is assured by thespacers.The two form plates are preferably identical in form, whichhas an advantageous effect both in manufacturing and storage,because of only one form type, and in the handling of theassembled form element because of its 160° rotational symmetry.0 d VEEO 935 £04 5naqKeLg N usr dvz=zo 66-2:-sadQ ' -CA 02264O§;Ml999-02-15? , _ nousoz/12/99 FRI 15:06 FAX 202 414 4040 VEBABLEW0 98/D6911 peg‘/DE97/01555such form elements with two form plates connected byinserted spacers are known per se, for example from US—A-4884382mentioned at the outset. other customary embodiments provide forthe production of form elements in one work process by foam-molding the ends of the spacers into the form plates when thelatter are formed.A portion from a top view of a form plate SP is againrepresented in a partial sketch (A) in Fig. 2, to which theexplanations made in connection with Fig. 1 also apply. From thedirection of the interior surface PI of the form plate, the crosssection of the pocket-shaped recesses has an opening width w,which preferably remains the same up to a depth t and then widensto an end width m. which is considerably greater, preferably morethan twice as great, as the initial opening width w. Thetransition from the smaller opening width w to the larger openingwidth m preferably takes place abruptly, essentially parallel withthe exterior surface.The partial sketch in Fig. 2 (B) represents a view on theinterior surface F1 of a portion of a form plate in accordancewith the partial sketch (A) in Fig. 2. The pocket—shaped recessleads, parallel with the lateral edge SK of the form plate, fromthe upper surface F0 into the plate body as far as a pocket bottomTB, which lies on half the height of the plate height h, forexample. The recess of the pocket bottom is matched to the shapeof the spacer and has a semiCircu1.a.r shape, for example.A vertical section perpendicularly in respect to the plateplane through a pocket—shaped recess T is sketched in Fig. 2 (C).which further illustrates the advantageous design of the recessdescribed in Figs. 2(A) and 2(3). The depth t at which the5 veto sea SOL 54Iq£lLj N uer dvz=2o 66—zt—q0dO'dCA 02264099 l999-02- 15?006v NABLEoz/12/99 FRI 15:07 FAX 202 414 4040 EW0 98/06911 PCT/DE97/01555widening of the cross section starts is preferably greater thanhalf the plate thickness d, so that an anchorage of the spacer inthe plate body, which is secure against tearing, is assured.A preferred embodiment of a spacer Q in the state in whichit has been inserted into two form plates SP and in two furthersecticn? (B) and (C) is sketched in Fig. 3. The spaceressentially consists of a tube-shaped center element M, two endPlates EP and 1 Strip ST. The longitudinal axis of the centerelement extends vertically to the plate planes of the end plates.Opposite the pouring direction SCH of concrete, which willbe poured into the free space between the plates, i.e. toward thetop, the center element is widened by a strip ST. which is alsoconnected with the end plates. The strip ST stabilizes the centerelement against bending and the and plates against tilting. Atthe same time, the tube-shaped center element is protected by thestrip against impact and pressure forces of the concrete beingpoured in. This protective effect can be further improved if thestrip is widened in a wedge shape K.toward the center element.The strip preferably extends to the upper edges of the endplates, but can be made lower in the area between. Cutouts SA canbe provided in the center area of the strip, into whichreinforcement elements for static strengthening can be inserted.At a typical thickness of the plates of d = 60 mm, thedepth of the cutouts I‘ up to the end plates t = 35 mm, forexample. With a thickness of the and plates of 5 mm, a layerthickness of 20 mm of rigid expanded plastic remains between theend plates and the exterior surfaces. The height h of the formplates typically is 250 mm.___2ETE_. #880 2:; E0‘ E4aqKELD N ueo evz=zo es-zt—qaACA 02264099 l999-02- 15?02/12/99 FRI 15:07 FAX 202 414 4040 8CI'dVENABLE 55°07W0 98/06911 PCT/DE97/01555Stocking spacers of several lengths of, for example 220 mm,260 mm, 320 mm and 440 mm, then makes possible the provision oftotal wall thicknesses from 260 mm to 430 mm, wherein thethickness b of the concrete core is respectively less by thethickness of the form plates.In the sense of the present invention it is important thatthe spacer has a continuous, preferably approximately cylindrical-oblong hole R, whose longitudinal axis extends perpendicularly inrespect to the planes of the form plates. At least in the centerpart of the spacer. the oblong hole is completely closed towardthe wall space between the form plates, and thus to fillingmaterial, in particular concrete, which has been purposely pouredin.In connection with wall constructions with a plurality ofform elements it is known per se to stabilize and/or align thewall construction by the application of stabilizing elements onthe exterior of the form plates prior to pouring in the fillermaterial, until the filler material has hardened.For the application of such stabilizing elements, the fcrm_elements in accordance with the invention make it advantageouslypossible to extend connecting elements through the oblong holesand, if necessary, by means of their extension through the formplates. with whose aid the stabilizing elements are held. It isadvantageously possible to brace stabilizing elements restingagainst the exterior surfaces against the wall construction bymeans of the connecting elements.In connection with the form element sketched in Fig. 3,when the spacers are inserted into the recesses T. the latterconstitute in a simple manner a vertical end stop for the end9830 SEE SOLCA 02264099 1999-02-1554aqKELO u use etZ=ZD 66-ZI~q”d?02/12/99 FRI 15:08 FAX 202 414 4040ED‘-dVENABLE 0 0 8wo sa/06911 PCT/DE97/01555plates EP and/or, by means of the pocket bottom TB, for the centerelement M. and in this way assure a defined position of theinserted spacer, and therefore also of the longitudinal axis ofthe oblong hole in relation to the form plates, This makes thecreation of markings M on the exterior surface FA at the positionsof the extensions on the longitudinal axis of the oblong hole R inthe inserted state of the spacer already possible during theproduction of the separate form plates.Continuous holes through the form element for receivingconnecting elements are created by drilling orthe form plates at the markings.penetrating throughIt is possible to alreadyprovide continuous holes in place of the markings when the formplates are produced.An arrangement of the type sketched in Fig. 3, with guiderails RS as the stabilizing elements arranged on the exteriorsurfaces of both form plates. is illustrated in Fig. 5. A rod-shaped connecting element, for example a threaded rod G in thesketched example. has been extended at the places of the markingsM through the remaining wall thickness of the form plates andotherwise through the oblong hole R of the spacer. The guiderails Rs have cutouts SL facing the form elements, through whichthe connecting element G projects. The elements are fixed inplace in their relative position to eachfor example a threaded nut GM or a wedgeeach other, preferably by tensile strainelements G. which counteracts a pressureAn exact alignment of the wall isother by fixation means.K, and are braced againston the connectingload on the spacer.assured by the extensionof the guide rails over several form elements in a verticaldirection, preferably over the entire story height, such asbgco Egg €04 54aqKEL3 w uer dsz=zo 66-2!-GadCA 02204099 1999-02-15?@00902/12/99 FRI 15:08 FAX 202 414 4040 VENABLEW0 93/05911 PCT/DE97/01555indicated in Fig. 6. concrete, for example, is poured as thefiller material into a wall construction stabilized in this way,as represented in Fig. 9 in a wall cross section with guide railsvertically aligned by supports 5.As sketched in Fig. 10 in an oblique-perspectiverepresentation, the guide rails have a row of holes at regulardistances corresponding to the distances between the oblong holesR, or respectively the markings of the form elements, for example.Arrangements which are equally as valid as the regular row ofholes, such as slits. etc. extending over several hole spacings,for example, are familiar to one skilled in the art.The stabilization elements extending over several formelements, such as guide rails, for example, are not necessarilyfastened, or respectively braced, on all form elements. Inprinciple, rails limited to individual form elements, arrangedhorizontally or diagonally, curved rails for special courses of awall, etc., are also usable as stabilization elements.After the filler material has hardened, the fixationelements GM, K, can be released, the connecting elements G pulledout of the oblong holes and the stabilizing elements removed.Because of the possibility of the simple removal of the connectingelements, heat bridges, which could be formed by remainingconnecting elements, can be avoided. Moreover, work steps forcutting off projecting portions of connecting elements areomitted, and the connecting elements can be used time and again.The holes in the exterior surfaces of the form elementsremaining after the removal of the connecting elements can beclosed by means of plugs or the like, if covering of the holes isnot already provided anyway by planks, plaster or the like.(3t.d .b€£O :5“; Q0‘ 64amyCeL: pg uec-.ggz:zn3 56-4?!-Q33CA 02264099 1999-02-15?, , H010oz/12/as FRI 15 09 FAX 202 414 4040 VENABLEW0 $8/06911 PCT/DE97/01555Details of further advantageous embodiments of the formelement in accordance with the invention are sketched in Figs. 4to 7 in addition to the preferred embodiment in accordance withFig- 3. In the explanation of Pisa. 4 to 7, essentially only thedeviations from the previous embodiments will be stressed, andreference is made to previous explanations in respect to matchingcharacteristics.In connection with the embodiment in Fig. 4, the forming ofa continuous hole PL in the extension of the longitudinal axis Lthrough the plate wall has already been taken into considerationduring the manufacture of the form plates. This is advantageousin particular with plate materials which Cannot be easilypenetrated or drilled through at a marked place.such a preformed opening PL in the plate wall is alsoprovided with the embodiment in accordance with Fig. 5, however,the spacer has already been formed in the form plate during itsmanutactura, for example by foaming, molding or the like. Afterthe manufacturing process, the form plate is already provided as abody consisting of two form plates and several spacers.The same as Fig. 5, Fig. 6 shows a detail of a form platewith a spacer fixedly molded-in, but as in Fig. 3 without acontinuing wall opening. Finally, an embodiment is sketched inFig. 7, wherein the fixedly molded—in spacer extends past the endplate in an extension Z as far as the exterior surface of the formplate as the extension of the tube-shaped center element, and inthis way constitutes a continuous wall of the oblong hole. ‘The invention is not limited to the described examples, butcan be produced in various embodiments within the scope of theabilities of one skilled in the art. In particular. the raised‘[ d VEEO SE5 SOL E._4aqA"2|_3 N UEE‘ d§Z=ZD GE-213*‘-33:4I .CA 02264099 l999-02- 15? 9 _ ‘H011VERABLE02/12/99 FRI 15:09 FAX 202 414 4040W0 95/D6911 PCT/DE97/01555and depressed grids can be interchanged, or additional atructuresfor sealing joints between form elements placed one above theother against the outflow of concrete moisture can be provided.-15-zt-d 95330 SEES 130;.kibg 02264099 1999-02-15B4aqK€L3 N ueb d§2=2O as-zt-dad

Claims (10)

Claim

1 . A form element with oppositely located form plates (SP), which enclose a wall pace (W) between each other and are connected by spacers (Q) with each other, wherein the spacers respectively have a tube-shaped center element (M) with a continuous oblong hole (R), which essentially extends perpendicularly in relation to the planes of the form plates, for receiving connecting elements (G), which extend through the oblong hole and can be removed again, and for end plates (EP) with plate planes which are oriented perpendicularly in relation to the longitudinal axis (L) of the center elements, and wherein the end plates (EP) are arranged at a depth (t) from the interior surface (FI) of the form plates (SP) which is greater than half the thickness (d) of the form plates.

Claims

2. The form element in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that the elements of the spacers surrounding the tube-shaped oblong hole terminate inside the form plates.

3. The form element in accordance with one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that openings have been formed in the form plate in the extension of the oblong holes of the spacers.

4. The form element in accordance with one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the exterior surface of the form plates in the extension of the oblong holes of the spacers is closed and has markings.

5 . The form element in accordance with one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the elements of the spacers surrounding the tube-shaped oblong hole extend up to the exterior surface of the form plates.

-11a

6. The form element in accordance with one of claim 1 to 5, characterized in that the spacers are fixedly molded into the form plates.

7. The form element in accordance with one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the form plates have pocket-shaped recesses in the surfaces facing each other, and that the ends of the spacers are shaped to match the cross section of the recesses and are pushed into the recesses.

8. A wall construction with a plurality of form elements in accordance with one of the preceding claims, characterized in that rod- or tube-shaped connecting elements have been extended through one or several of the tube-shaped oblong holes of the spacers and, if desired, in their extension through the form plates, that stabilizing elements are held on oppositely located external surfaces of the form plate by means of the connecting elements, and that the connecting elements are releasably arranged.

9. The wall construction in accordance with claim 8, characterized in that the stabilizing elements extend in one piece over several form elements.

10. The wall construction in accordance with claim 8 or 9, characterized by guide rails as stabilizing elements.