CA2263981A1 - Liquid compositions comprising stability enhancing surfactants and a method of enhancing low temperature stability thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to lamellar structured liquid cleansing compositions comprising 5 % to 50 % of a surfactant system comprising (a) an anionic or mixture of anionics and (b) an amphoteric and/or zwitterionic surfactant in mixture, wherein alkalimetal alkylamphoacetate comprises 25 % to 90 % of component (b). A method of enhancing low temperature stability of such lamellar structured liquid cleansing compositions by the selection of an alkalimetal alkylamphoacetate in an amount of 25 % to 90 % of the component (b ) is provided. Excellent low temperature stability is achieved.

Description

?K(\,\H\ MPR Hlh\CHL:'HC636420=*“s|~'H8 1 IH=2H 2 Ul3ll7llHl7~~-—~« CA 02263981 1999-02-251LIQUID COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING STABILITYENHANCING SURFACT ANTS AND A METHOD OF ENHANCINGLOW TEMPERTURE STABILITY THEREOFThe present invention relates to lamellar structured liquid cleansingcompositions such as those described, for example, in applicant’s co-pending US Serial No 08/512,010 ?led August 7, 1995. Thesecompositions are generally used in skin cleansing or shower gelcompositions. In particular, the invention relates to such compositions inwhich the surfactant system is carefully selected to ensure good stabilityeven at low temperature storage (c.g. —6.7"C (20“I") and below down to -l7.8°C (0°F) and to a method of enhancing such low temperature stabilityby careful selection of the surfactant system.Typically, lamellar structured liquid cleansing composition (e.g.shower gel compositions) comprise a mixture of anionic surfactants (forcleansing and foaming attributes) and mild surfactant. In a typical showerformulation the mild surfactant may be an amphoteric andlor zwitterionicsurfactant such as those described in US Serial No 08.5 12,010 mentionedabove, hereby incorporated by reference into the subject application.in such lamellar structured compositions, however it has beenfound that there is considerable thinning of product as the product iscooled down to temperatures of -6.7-l7.8°C (20° to 0°F). This loss ofviscosity is not a desirable property.Unexpectedly. applicants have found that when allcalimetal allrylamphoacetatc is used as 25% to 90%, preferably 30% to 90% and morepreferably about 40% to 90% of the amphoteric and/or zwitterionicAMENDED SHEETH59 H39 ‘_32ifi€H'ls1.'): }/(V.?Nu mx I-j!’\ \ut«\tH;~-.1. vic53642530:.'i(l~l()-SJ.-t I 15{:'__>§; ; t,},’,[,17[H$]7_,CA 02263981 1999-02-252component. in the surfactant system in larnellar structured compositions,there is a significant increase in product stability. The applicants havealso found a method of enhancing low temperature stability of a lamellarstructured liquid cleansing composition by selecting an alkali metalalkylarnphoacetate as 25-90% of the amphoteric and/or zwittcrionicsurfactant in a composition further comprising anionic surfactant.US Serial No 08/512,010 shows one example (Example IX at page23) where sodium oocoamphoacetate is used. However, in neither thatexample or in the other eight examples are there ever taught blends ofother arnphoteric (e.g. betaine) and amphoacetate. Nor is there anyteaching or suggestion in that application that blends of ainphoteric willameliorate low temperature instability in such compositions. Indeed, untilthe problem of low temperature instability was even appreciated, it couldnot have been known that the speci?cally selected surfactant system of theinvention could ameliorate the problem.W096/214266 describes mild antibacterial cleansing compositionscontaining anionic surfactant, arnphoteric surfactant, skin moisturizerantibacterial agent. and water, wherein the anionic and amphotericsurfactants are present at speci?ed ratios and levels of the composition.W094/18292 describes personal cleansing compositions comprising5-50% anionic and/or amphoteric surfactants, 0.1-20% soluble ordispersible ethoxylated anionic surf ctant, l.S—lO% water soluble citratesalt, up to 3% perfume or cosmetic oil and water.The present invention relates to lainellar snuctured liquid cleansingcompositions comprising 5% to 50% of a surfactant system wherein saidAMENDED SHEETMS) 82) ‘_’.'%ElSJ«Ht;:'3:/I .?- <>A .;r» - -r 1,» l s r l iii 1 :v< DCA 022oé§8l l§99-02-25_ *9}! H1! 2.2-‘}l‘.!+!hv:2asurfactant system comprises (a) an anionic or mixture of anionics and (b) ablend of amphoteric andlor zwinerionic surfactants wherein said blendcomprises alkalimetal alkylarnphoacetate and said alkalimetalalkylaniphoacetate comprises 25% to 90%, preferably 30% to 90% andmore preferably 40% tn 90% of the hlenriThe present invention ?mzher relates to a method of enhancingstability of low temperature compositions (i.e. temperatures of from about-6.7 to 17.8°C (20°F to about O°F) in Iarnellar strucmred liquid cleansingcompositions comprising about 5%mguoeo SHE“rff?KL \. \ tr_\: t:t‘.»'.'C636L..III\lll‘\LllI,. :. Lt/'21(5 - :'$ 4:5 l,|;,I,",H.1‘__ *4.‘ W,’ .,‘\J,”“ _”—-—~ —- — - V _ _ _«A-> V . \. _,...‘~..;.CA 0226s9s1 1'999—02—2s3to about 50% of a surfactant system which surfactant system in turncomprises:(a) anionic or mixture of anionic surfactant; and(b) an arnphoteric and/or zwitterionic surfutant or mixturethereof,wherein said method comprises selecting component (b) such thatthe alkalinietal alkyl amphoaeetate comprises greater than 25% to 90%,preferably about 30% to 90%, more preferably about 40% to 90% of saidcomponent (b).Unexpectedly, the applicants have found that when the alkalimetalnlkylarrl'phont‘.P.t:ItP. is item as at lmsr :1 minimum amount. ofamphoteric/zwitterionic blend, the component signi?cantly enhances coldtemperature stability of the lamellar stmctured composition relative tocompositions where the alkalimetal alkylarnphoacetate does not comprise aponion or comprise less than 25 96 of the arnphoteric/zwitterionic blend.The present invention is directed towards improving the lowtemperature stability of lamellar structured liquid compositions comprisingan amphoteric andlor zwitterionic surfactant or mixture thereof.According to one aspatt the present invention provides lamellarstructured liquid cleansing compositions comprising about 5 % to about50% of a surfactant system which surfactant system in turn comprises:(a) anionic or mixture of anionic surfactant; and(b) an amphoteric and/or zwitterionic surfactant or mixturethereof;Autttetb 3'55‘U?!<x\.\<‘\?H’v\ ‘.|l},\gm.\ 1:] H _ ., _*' ~ Ar—— ~ .7 ' <>!v_;I»1”.'ib_IH1_.~ _ +15: .".‘.» ‘_J;{§]_,.1),',,“,;,,-H,C6364 ';‘1C‘A'02263“9~8.‘l ‘I999-02-253awherein alkalimetal alkyl amphoacetate comprises greater than 25%to 90%, preferably about 30% to 90%. more preferably about 40% to90% of component (b); and5 (e) a structurant selected from saturated or unsaturated,branched or unbranched Cs-Cu liquid fatty acids, orpolyallcylene glycol fatty acid esters, capric or caprylic acid,or mixtures thereof.AMENDED SHE“?1015202530W0 98/ 13022CA 02263981 1999-02-25PCT/EP97/04924According to a further aspect the present inventionprovides a method of enhancing low temperature stability ofa lamellar structured liquid cleansing compositionscomprising 5% to 50% of a surfactant system which surfactantsystem comprises:(a) anionic or mixture of anionic surfactant; and(b) an amphoteric and/or zwitterionic surfactant ormixture thereof;wherein said method comprises selecting theamphoteric and/or zwitterionic surfactant component (b) suchthat alkalimetal alkyl amphoacetate comprises greater than25% to 90% of said component (b).The anionic surfactant may be, for example, analiphatic sulfonate, such as a primary alkane (e.g., C8—Cn)sulfonate, primary alkane (e.g., C8—Cn) disulfonate, C8-C2alkene sulfonate, C8—Cm hydroxyalkane sulfonate or alkyl(AGS); or an aromatic sulfonatesuch as alkyl benzene sulfonate.glyceryl ether sulfonateThe anionic surfactant may also be an alkyl sulfate(e.g., Clf%%8 alkyl sulfate) or alkyl ether sulfate(including alkyl glyceryl ether sulfates). Among the alkylether sulfates are those having the formula:RO (CH2CH2O) nso?_Mwherein R is an alkyl or alkenyl having 8 to 18carbons, preferably 12 to 18 carbons, n has an average valueof greater than 1.0, preferably between 2 and 3; and M is asolubilizing cation such as sodium, potassium, ammonium orsubstituted ammonium. Ammonium and sodium lauryl ethersulfates are preferred.SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)?CA 02263981 1999-02-25W0 98/13022 PCT/EP97/04924The anionic surfactant may also be alkylsulfosuccinates (including mono— and dialkyl, e.g., C6—C?sulfosuccinates); alkyl and acyl taurates, alkyl and acylsarcosinates, sulfoacetates, C8-Cm alkyl phosphates and5 phosphates, alkyl phosphate esters and alkoxyl alkylphosphate esters, acyl lactates, C8-C3 monoalkyl succinatesand maleates, sulphoacetates, and acyl isethionates.Sulfosuccinates may be monoalkyl sulfosuccinates having10 the formula:R4O:CCH3CH ( so:,_M) CO:M;amido—MEA sulfosuccinates of the formula15R4CONHCH2CH2O3CCH2CH ( SO3M) co2Mwherein R4 ranges from C8-C3 alkyl and M is asolubilizing cation;20amido—MIPA sulfosuccinates of formulaRCONH (CH2 ) CH (CH3) (SO3M) CO2M25 where M is as defined above.Also included are the alkoxylated citratesulfosuccinates; and alkoxylated sulfosuccinates such as thefollowing:30 0llR—O— (CHBCHEO) nccH3cH ( SO3M) co2Mwherein n = 1 to 20; and M is as defined above.SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)?1015202530WO 98/13022CA 02263981 1999-02-25PCT/EP97/04924Sarcosinates are generally indicated by the formulaRCON(CH3)CH§K%M, wherein R ranges from C8 to Cw alkyl and Mis a solubilizing cation.Taurates are generally identified by formulaR2CONR3CH2CI-I2 SO3Mwherein R? ranges from C8—Cm alkyl, R3 ranges from C1-C4alkyl and M is a solubilizing cation.Another class of anionic surfactants are carboxylatessuch as follows:R— (CH2CH2O) nco,_,Mwherein R is C8 to Cr n is O to 20; and M is asalkyl;defined above.Another carboxylate which can be used is amido alkylpolypeptide carboxylates such as, for example, Monteine(R) .LCQ by Seppic.Another anionic surfactant which may be used are the C8~C acyl isethionates. These esters are prepared by reaction18between alkali metal isethionate with mixed aliphatic fattyacids having from 6 to 18 carbon atoms and an iodine valueof less than 20.from 12 to l8 carbon atoms and up to 25% have from 6 to lOAt least 75% of the mixed fatty acids havecarbon atoms.Acyl isethionates, when present, will generally rangefrom about 0.5-lS% by weight of the total composition.Preferably, this component is present in an amount from 1 to10%.SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 25)?101520253035CA 02263981 1999-02-25W0 98/1 3022 PCT/EP97/04924The acyl isethionate may be an alkoxylated isethionatesuch as is described in Ilardi et al., U.S. Patent No.5,393,466, hereby incorporated by reference into the subjectapplication. This compound has the general formula:0 X YII I IR C—O—CH—CH2— (OCH—CH2)m-SO_3M+wherein R is an alkyl group having 8 to 18 carbons, mis an integer from 1 to 4, X and Y are hydrogen or an alkylgroup having 1 to 4 carbons and M4 is a monovalent cationsuch as, for example, sodium, potassium or ammonium.In general the anionic surfactant component willcomprise from 1 to 20% by weight of the composition,preferably 2 to 15%, most preferably 5 to 12% by weight ofthe composition.The anionic surfactant mixture may comprise alkylsulphates, acylisethionates and mixtures thereof.The compositions of the present invention furthercomprise zwitterionic surfactants. Zwitterionic surfactantsare exemplified by those which can be broadly described asderivatives of aliphatic quaternary ammonium, phosphonium,and sulfonium compounds, in which the aliphatic radicals canbe straight or branched chain, and wherein one of thealiphatic substituents contains from about 8 to about 18carbon atoms and one contains an anionic group, e.g.,carboxy, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, or phosphonate. Ageneral formula for these compounds is:3(R)XI2 (+1 4 (—lR-Y —CH2—RZSUBSHTUTESHEET(RULE2Q?1015202530WO 98/13022CA 02263981 1999-02-25PCT/EP97/04924wherein R2 contains an alkyl, alkenyl, or hydroxy alkylradical of from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, from 0 toabout 10 ethylene oxide moieties and from 0 to about 1glyceryl moiety; Y is selected from the group consisting ofnitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur atoms; R3 is an alkyl ormonohydroxyalkyl group containing about 1 to about 3 carbonatoms; X is 1 when Y is a sulfur atom, and 2 when Y is anitrogen or phosphorus atom; R4 is an alkylene orhydroxyalkylene of from about 1 to about 4 carbon atoms andZ is a radical selected from the group consisting ofsulfonate, sulfate, phosphonate,carboxylate, and phosphategroups.Examples of such surfactants include:4-[N,N—di(2—hydroxyethyl)—N—octadecylammonio]—butane—1—carboxylate;5-[S-3—hydroxypropyl—S—hexadecy1sulfonio]-3-hydroxypentane—1—sulfate;3—[P,P—diethyl—P—3,6,9-trioxatetradexocylphosphonio]—2—hydroxypropane—1—phosphate;3~[N,N—dipropyl—N—3-dodecoXy—2—hydroxypropylammonio]—propane—1—phosphonate;3-(N,N-dimethyl—N—hexadecylammonio)propane—1—sulfonate;3-(N,N—dimethyl—N—hexadecylammonio)~2—hydroxypropane—1—sulfonate;4—[N,N—di(2—hydroxyethyl)—N—(2—hydroxydodecyl)ammonio]—butane—1—carboxylate;3-[S—ethyl—S—(3—dodecoxy—2—hydroxypropyl)sulfonio}—propane—l—phosphate;3—[P,P—dimethyl—P—dodecylphosphonio]—propane—1-phosphonate; and5-[N,N-di(3-hydroxypropyl)—N—hexadecylammonio]—2—hydroxy—pentane~1—sulfate.SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)?CA 02263981 1999-02-25W0 98/ 13022 PCT/EP97/04924Amphoteric detergents which may be used in thisinvention include at least one acid group. This may be acarboxylic or a sulphonic acid group. They includequaternary nitrogen and therefore are quaternary amido5 acids. They should generally include an alkyl or alkenylgroup of 7 to 18 carbon atoms. They will usually complywith an overall structural formula:2O R10 1 H IR - [—c—NH(cH3)n—]m—N’—x—YIR.15 where R1 is alkyl or alkenyl of 7 to 18 carbon atoms;R2 and R3 are each independently alkyl, hydroxyalkyl orcarboxyalkyl of 1 to 3 carbon atoms;n is 2 to 4;20m is O to 1;X is alkylene of 1 to 3 carbon atoms optionallysubstituted with hydroxyl, and25Y is —co2— or —so3—Suitable amphoteric detergents within the above generalformula include simple betaines of formula:30 R21 IR —N ——CH2CO2I3R35and amido betaines of formula:SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)?101520253035W0 98/ 13022CA 02263981 1999-02-25PCT/EP97/04924R21 |R — CONH(CH2)m——N ——-cH2co2I3Rwhere m is 2 or 3.Betaines are typically present in the compositions ofthe present inventions in amounts of O to 25% by weight, forexample, 0.1 to 25% by weight.11 _ 3In both formulae R , R and R. are as definedpreviously. R} may in particular be a mixture of CR and CL;alkyl groups derived from coconut so that at least half,preferably at least three quarters of the groups R1 have 10to 14 carbon atoms. R? and R3 are preferably methyl.A further possibility is that the amphoteric detergentis a sulphobetaine of formulaRIR1——- N'——— (CH?) 3so:,_"I3Ror2RI1 + -R - CONH (CH2)m N———(CH2)3SO'3R3where m is 2 or 3, or variants of these in which —(CH2) SOi3 is replaced by3OHI—CH:CHCH2 so,"SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)?101520253035CA 02263981 1999-02-25WO 98/13022 PCT/EP97/049242 ‘ .In these formulae R}, R and R} are as discussedpreviously.The amphoteric/zwitterionic surfactant generallycomprises 0.1 to 20% by weight, preferably 5% to 15% of thecomposition.A critical aspect of this invention is that thezwitterionic/amphoteric compounds must be used in blends ofzwitterionic/amphoteric wherein one component of the blendthe alkalimetal alkylamphoacetate must comprise 25% to 90%,30% to 90%,Suitably the amount of alkalimetal alkylamphoacetate may beof theis an alkalimetal alkylamphoacetate. Further,preferablymore preferably 40% to 90% of the blend.within the range 30 to 75%,blend.for example 40 to 60%,Examples of alkalimetal alkyl amphoacetate compoundsinclude, but are not limited to, sodium or potassium lauroOI‘ cocoamphoacetateThe total amount of amphoteric/zwitterionic includingpreferably should be no greater than 20%,The totalthe amphoacetate,more preferably no greater than 15%.amphoteric/zwitterionic should comprise at least 5% of thecomposition.In addition to one or more anionic and amphotericand/or zwitterionic, the surfactant system may optionallycomprise a nonionic surfactant.The nonionic which may be used includes in particularthe reaction products of compounds having a hydrophobicgroup and a reactive hydrogen atom, for example aliphaticalcohols, acids, amides or alkyl phenols with alkyleneSUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)?1015202530WO 98/13022CA 02263981 1999-02-25PCT/EP97/04924_ 12 _oxides, especially ethylene oxide either alone or withpropylene oxide. Specific nonionic detergent compounds arealkyl (C6-C3) phenols—ethylene oxide condensates, thecondensation products of aliphatic (C8—Cm) primary orsecondary linear or branched alcohols with ethylene oxide,and products made by condensation of ethylene oxide with thereaction products of propylene oxide and ethylenediamine.Other so—called nonionic detergent compounds include longchain tertiary amine oxides, long chain tertiary phosphineoxides and dialkyl sulphoxides.The nonionic may also be a sugar amide, such as aSpecifically, the surfactant may bePatent No.polysaccharide amide.one of the lactobionamides described in U.S.5,389,279 toreference or it may be one of the sugar amides described inAu et al. which is hereby incorporated byPatent No. 5,009,814 to Kelkenberg, hereby incorporated intothe subject application by reference.AOther surfactants which may be used are described inU.S. Patent No. 3,723,325 to Parran Jr. and alkylpolysaccharide nonionic surfactants as disclosed in U.S.Patent No. 4,565,647 to Llenado, both ofincorporated into the subject application by reference.which are alsoPreferred alkyl polysaccharides are alkylpolyglycosidesof the formulaR?O(CJgnO)t(glycosyl)Xwherein R2 is selected from the group consisting ofalkyl, alkylphenyl, hydroxyalkyl, hydroxyalkylphenyl, andmixtures thereof in which alkyl groups contain from about 10to about 18, preferably from about 12 to about 14, carbonatoms; n is O to 3, preferably 2; t is from O to about 10,SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)?101520253035W0 98/ 13022CA 02263981 1999-02-25PCT/EP97/04924_ 13 _preferably 0; and x is from l.3 to about l0,1.3 to about 2.7.glucose.preferably fromThe glycosyl is preferably derived fromTo prepare these compounds, the alcohol oralkylpolyethoxy alcohol is formed first and then reactedwith glucose,or a source of glucose, to form the glucoside(attachment at the l—position). The additional glycosylunits can then be attached between their l—position andthe preceding glycosyl units 2-, 3-, 4- and/or 6—position,preferably predominantly the 2—position.Nonionic comprises 0 to 10% by wt. of the composition.In general, the compositions of the invention are soap-free compositions.The present invention provides compositions utilizingtypically 0.1% to 15% by wt., preferably 1 to 10% by wt. ofa structuring agent which works in the compositions to forma lamellar phase. Such lamellar phase is preferred becauseit enables the compositions to suspend particles morereadily emollient particles)(e.g., while still maintaininggood shear thinning properties. The lamellar phase alsoprovides consumers with desired rheology ("heaping").More particularly, where the composition is notlamellar structured and enhanced particlesuspension/enhancing is desired, it is usually necessary toadd external structurants such as carbomers (e.g , cross-linked polyacrylate such as Carbopolm)) and clays. However,these external structurants have poorer shear thinningproperties that significantly reduce consumer acceptability.The structurant is generally an unsaturated and/orbranched long chain (C8—CM) liquid fatty acid or esterderivative thereof; and/or unsaturated and/or branched longSUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 25)?101520253035W0 98/ l 3022CA 02263981 1999-02-25PCT/EP97/04924_ 14 _chain liquid alcohol or ether derivatives thereof. It mayalso be a short chain saturated fatty acid such as capricacid or caprylic acid. While not wishing to be bound bytheory, it is believed that the unsaturated part of thefatty acid of alcohol or the branched part of the fatty acidor alcohol acts to "disorder" the surfactant hydrophobicchains and induce formation of lamellar phase.Examples of liquid fatty acids which may be used areoleic acid, isostearic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid,ricinoleic acid, elaidic acid, arichidonic acid, myristoleicacid and palmitoleic acid. Ester derivatives includepropylene glycol isostearate, propylene glycol oleate,glyceryl isostearate, glyceryl oleate and polyglyceryldiisostearate.Examples of alcohols include oleyl alcohol andisostearyl alcohol. Examples of ether derivatives includeisosteareth or oleth carboxylic acid; or isosteareth oroleth alcohol.The structuring agent may be defined as having meltingpoint below about 25C centigrade.One of the principle benefits of the invention is theability to suspend oil/emollient particles in a lamellarphase composition.Various classes of oils are set forth below.Vegetable oils: Arachis oil, Castor oil, cocoa butter,coconut oil, corn oil, cotton seed oil, olive oil, palmkernel oil, rapeseed oil, safflower seed oil, sesame seedoil and soybean oil. ?101520253035CA 02263981 1999-02-25WO 98/13022 PCT/EP97l04924-15-Esters: Butyl myristate, cetyl palmitate, decyloleate,glyceryl laurate, glyceryl ricinoleate. glyceryl stearate,glyceryl isostearate, hexyl laurate, lsobutyl palmitate,isocetyl stearate, isopropyl isostearate, isopropyl laurate,isopropyl linoleate, isopropyl myristate, isopropylpalmitate, isopropyl stearate, propylene glycol monolaurate,propylene glycol ricinoleate, propylene glycol stearate, andpropylene glycol isostearate.lanolin,Animal Fats: Acetylated lanolin alcohols,lard, mink oil and tallow.Fatty acids and alcohols: Behenic acid, palmitic acid,stearic acid, behenyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, eicosanylalcohol and isocetyl alcohol.Other examples of oil/emollients include mineral oil,petrolatum, silicone oil such as dimethyl polysiloxane,lauryl and myristyl lactate.It should be understood that where the emollient mayalso function as a structurant, it should not be doublyincluded such that,no more than 5% oleyl alcohol asfor example, if the structurant is 15%oleyl alcohol, “emollient”would be added since the emollient (whether functioning asemollient or structurant) never comprises more than 20%,preferably no more than 15% of the composition.The emollient/oil is generally used in an amount of lto 20%,Generally,preferably 1 to 15% by wt. of the composition.it should comprise no more than 20% of thecomposition.In addition, the compositions of the invention mayinclude optional ingredients as follows:?1O1520253035WO 98/13022CA 02263981 1999-02-25PCT/EI’97I04924_ 16 _Organic solvents, such as ethanol; auxiliarythickeners, such as carboxymethylcellulose, magnesiumaluminum silicate, hydroxyethylcellulose, methylcellulose,carbopols, glucamides, or Antilm)from Rhone Poulenc;sequestering agents, such as tetrasodiumethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA),preferably 0.01 to 0.05%;perfumes;EHDP or mixtures in anamount of 0.01 to 1%, and coloringagents, opacifiers and pearlizers such as zinc stearate,magnesium stearate, TiO2, EGMS (ethylene glycol monostearate)or Lytron 621 (Styrene/Acrylate copolymer); all of which areuseful in enhancing the appearance or cosmetic properties ofthe product.The compositions may further comprise antimicrobials(DP3OOJ;preservatives such as dimethyloldimethylhydantoin (GlydantXLl000),such as 2—hydroxy-4,2'4' trichlorodiphenyletherparabens, sorbic acid etc.The compositions may also comprise coconut acyl mono-or diethanol amides as suds boosters, and strongly ionizingsalts such as sodium chloride and sodium sulfate may also beused to advantage.Antioxidants such as, for example, butylatedhydroxytoluene (BHT) may be used advantageously in amountsof 0.01% or higher if appropriate.Cationic conditioners which may be used includeQuatrisoft LM—20O Polyquaternium—24, Merquat Plus 3330 —Polyquaternium 39; and Jaguarnw type conditioners.Polyethylene glycols which may be used include:WSR—205WSR-N-60KPEG 14M,PEG 45M, orPolyoxPolyoxSUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 25)?101520253035WO 98/13022CA 02263981 1999-02-25PCT/EP97/04924Polyox WSR-N-750 PEG 7M.Thickeners which may be used include Amerchol PolymerHM 1500 Glucam DOE 120(PEG 120 Methyl Glucose Dioleate); (PEG modifiedfrom Rewo Chemicals;(Nonoxynyl Hydroethyl Cellulose);Rewoderm”glyceryl cocoate, palmate or tallowate)Antilw 141 (from Goldschmidt).thickener is Xanthan gum.A particularly preferredIndeed,when used with the surfactant system of thexanthan gum, particularlyinvention, alsohelps ameliorate cold storage instability.Another optional ingredient which may be added are thedefloculating polymers such as are taught in U.S.5,147,576 to Montague,Patent No.hereby incorporated by reference.Another ingredient which may be included are exfoliantssuch as polyoxyethylene beads, walnut sheets and apricotseeds.The compositions of the present invention are typicallypersonal products but are not to be construed as strictlylimited thereto.The invention will be described in greater detail byway of the following non—limiting examples. The examplesare for illustrative purposes only and not intended to limitinvention in any way. Further modifications within thescope of the present invention will be obvious to theskilled man.Figure 1 shows cold temperature stability of variouslamellar structured liquid cleansers at 15 and UP. Asseen, when alkali metal amphoacetate comprises 25% of allamphoteric (for example, amphoacetate plus betaine),stability is dramatically increased.?CA 02263981 1999-02-25W0 98/ 13022 PCT/EP97/04924_ 18 -All percentages in the specification and examples areby weight unless stated otherwise.EXAMPLES5The following compositions are used in the examples:Ingredients I II III IVCocoamido Propyl 12 9 6 0BetaineSodium 0 3 6 12LauroamphoacetateSodium Cocoyl 6.5 6.5 6.5 6 5IsethionateSodium Laureth 6.5 6 5 6.5 6 5SulfateThickener/Polymer 0.1 to 0.1 to 0.1 to 0.1 to(e g., Cationic, 1% 1% 1% 1%Guar or XanthanGum)Emollient 1 to 7% 1 to 7% 1 to 7% 1 to 7%Structurant 3 to 3 to 3 to 3 to10% 10% 10% 10%Titanium Dioxide 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2DMDM Hydantoin 0 2 0.2 0.2 0.2Fragrance 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0BHT 0.0075 0.0075 0.0075 0.007Water to to to to100.0 100.0 100.0 100 01 0 EXAMPLES l - 4The compositions shown above in I—IV were stored inplastic cups at 15? and 0F'for a period of 1 day and thenequilibrated back to room temperature. Care was taken not15 to disturb the sample since viscosity increase when these?l\’k\.'>.«)k\/'l.l':\ \ll V;.,»\ALl|i‘\~: (r//l ‘ ::£:;«1..>,IV ‘.iH_. :47. __,_ (,1:-11,171 H” 1% +1“! H‘, .,'.iki.HH.’.):b|]CA 02263981 1999-02-25 0 ~ ' l l " C6361419products are shaken. The viscosity of the sample is then measured using aBrook?eld RV Viscometer attached to a helipath accessory and using T-Bar Spindle A.The results are set forth in Table 1 below:Example % Amphoacetate T-Bar Viscosityin Betaine.’AmphoacetateBlend lRoom 1 After 1 Day After 1 DayTemperature at -9°C at -l.7.8°C(15°F) (0°F)1, 1 0 88400 22800 2 224002 25 91200 A 26000 + 332003 so 3 37200 I 34000 All 33200As seen frcm the Table and from Figure 1. (Examples 2 and 3),10 when amphoacetate comprises about 25% and greater, preferably about30% to 90% and most preferably about 40% to 90% of blend ofamphoteric (betaine/amphoacerate blend), viscosity at low temperature -9°C (1S°F), -17.8°C (0°F) remains much higher. Thus, clearly, lowtemperature viscosity/phase stability is much superior relative to15 compositions in which amphoacetate is not used or comprises less than25% of the blend (e.g. Example 1).

Claims (12)

1. A structured liquid cleansing composition comprising 5%
to 50% of a surfactant system comprising;
(a) anionic or mixture of anionic surface and (b) an amphoteric and/or zwitterionic surfactant or mixture thereof;
wherein alkalimetal alkylamphoacetate comprises 25% to 90% of component (b); and (c) a selected from saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched C 8-C 24 liquid fatty acids or polyalkylene glycol acid esters, capric or caprylic acid, or mixtures thereof.

2. A composition according to Claim 1 wherein alkalimetal alkylamphoacetate comprises 30 to 90 % of component (b).

3. A composition according to Claim 2, wherein alkalimetal amphoacetate comprises 40% to 90 % of components (b).

4. A composition according to Claim 1, wherein the aniotic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, sulfates, acyl isethionates and mixtures thereof.

5. A composition according to Claim 1, wherein component (b) comprises 0.1% to 25% betaine.

6. A composition according to Claim 1, wherein the composition additionally comprises 0% to 10% of nonionic surfactant.

7. A composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the liquid fatty acid is oleic, isostearic acid, linoleic acid, ricinoleic acid, elaidic acid, arichodonic acid, myristoleic acid, palmitoleic acid, and mixtures thereof.

8. A composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the polyalkylene glycol fatty acid ester is propylene glycol isostearate, propylene glycol oleate, glycerol isostearate, glyconyl cleate, polyglycol diisosteatate, and mixtures thereof.

9. A method of enhancing low temperature stability of a lamellar structured liquid cleansing composition as claimed in Claim 1 wherein said method comprises selecting the amphoteric and/or zwitterionic surfactant component (b) such that alkalimetal alkyl amphoacetate comprises 25% to 90% of component (b).

10. A method according to Claim 9, wherein alkalimetal alkylamphoacetate comprises 30% to 90% of component (b).

11. A method according to Claims 10, wherein alkali metal alkylamphoacetate comprises 40% to 90% of component (b).

12. A method according to any one of Claims 9 to 11 wherein the lamellar structured liquid cleansing composition comprises one or more of the components of Claims 4 to 6.