CA2238338C - Radial sawing log holder and method - Google Patents
Radial sawing log holder and method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2238338C CA2238338C CA002238338A CA2238338A CA2238338C CA 2238338 C CA2238338 C CA 2238338C CA 002238338 A CA002238338 A CA 002238338A CA 2238338 A CA2238338 A CA 2238338A CA 2238338 C CA2238338 C CA 2238338C
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- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- log
- fastening devices
- holding
- sectors
- longitudinal axis
- Prior art date
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- Expired - Fee Related
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27B—SAWS FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; COMPONENTS OR ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- B27B1/00—Methods for subdividing trunks or logs essentially involving sawing
- B27B1/005—Methods for subdividing trunks or logs essentially involving sawing including the step of dividing the log into sector-shaped segments
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T83/00—Cutting
- Y10T83/647—With means to convey work relative to tool station
- Y10T83/6492—Plural passes of diminishing work piece through tool station
- Y10T83/6499—Work rectilinearly reciprocated through tool station
- Y10T83/65—With means to cause or permit angular re-orientation of work about axis parallel to plane of cut
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T83/00—Cutting
- Y10T83/768—Rotatable disc tool pair or tool and carrier
- Y10T83/7684—With means to support work relative to tool[s]
- Y10T83/7693—Tool moved relative to work-support during cutting
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
- Details Of Cutting Devices (AREA)
- Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
Abstract
A holder for radially sawing a log has a plurality of independently movable arms or fastening devices that are adapted to hold logs at both ends for longitudinal sawing.
The holder therefore enables complete cuts to be made along the full length of the log at the required depth for integrated production of a range of timber products, such as backsawn or quartersawn boards, trapezoidal sections or sector wedges. The arms allow cuts to be made along the radii of the sectors of the log to form individual wedges. The holder furthermore holds the wedges after being sawn, releases individual wedges on demand, and adjusts for logs with uneven ends.
The holder therefore enables complete cuts to be made along the full length of the log at the required depth for integrated production of a range of timber products, such as backsawn or quartersawn boards, trapezoidal sections or sector wedges. The arms allow cuts to be made along the radii of the sectors of the log to form individual wedges. The holder furthermore holds the wedges after being sawn, releases individual wedges on demand, and adjusts for logs with uneven ends.
Description
RADIAL SAWING LOG HOLDER AND METHOD
The present invention relates to an apparatus for the sawing of radial wedges of timber from a log and a method for further processing sawn wedges into a range of timber products.
Radial sawing involves sawing elongated wedges of timber from a log so that the resulting wedges have two radial faces that are essentially formed by sawing the log along planes parallel to radii extending from a selected centre of the Iog along the longitudinal axis of the log.
Radial sawing logs allows for increased recovery of usable timber from a log and timber products with consistent growth ring orientation.
These advantages have been outlined fully by Hasenwinkle U.S. Patent No. 3,903,943 and Know Australian Patent No. 623344, and Know U.S. Patent No. 5,560,409.
Although radial sawing offers many theoretical and practical advantages, industry has not generally adopted or developed the method.
Prior art does not disclose a method for a production process involving radial sawing logs to wedges with the subsequent ability to produce backsawn boards, quartersawn boards, further divided radial wedges or trapezoidal timber sections if required. Prior art discloses sawing devices which appear cumbersome or which because of the use of multiple blades would be expensive to build and difficult to operate and maintain.
Also, none of these devices allow for the economical and practical sawing of logs with growth stresses.
These stresses which are particularly strong in small diameter hardwood trees are adversely affecting the timber industry as old growth type forests are cut out and the timber resource comes increasingly from regrowth and plantation timbers.
Australian Patent No. 623344 does disclose a method for the production of radial wedges from all logs including logs that contain growth stresses. The method involves the mounting of logs in holding devices which hold the ends of the logs. These holding devices allow the log to be rotated S~T1T~ SHEET (Rule 25) along their longitudinal axis and for saw cuts to be made at predetermined angles basically from the outside to the centre along the length of the log. Although this has many advantages it does not provide a practical method of integrated operation that does not involve sawing of the end of the log or additional cuts to separate the wedges after the radial sawing process.
Therefore, the present invention provides a holding apparatus to enable the sawing of a log to produce radially sawn sectors of timber centred on a longitudinal axis of the log and extending from end to end of the log, including: a plurality of independently moveable fastening devices to hold and support individual sectors of a log, at both ends thereof, before, during and after the log is sawed longitudinally by a saw blade; and a means to exert pressure on the fastening devices to hold and support the log.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a holding apparatus to enable the sawing of a log to produce radially sawn sectors of timber centred on a longitudinal axis of the log and extending from end to end of the log, comprising: a plurality of independently moveable fastening devices to hold and support individual sectors of a log, at both ends thereof, before, during and after the log is sawed longitudinally by a saw blade the devices being located to allow the saw blade to pass between the fastening devices to the longitudinal axis; a means to exert pressure on the fastening devices to hold and support the log; a support shaft with a brake and lock to turn the fastening devices and pressure exerting means about longitudinal axis;
a yoke to support the fastening devices, the yoke having an opening to allow the passage of the saw blade so that a complete longitudinal cut along the full length of the log can be made to the longitudinal axis; a support platform to which is fixed a support device to brace the shaft and the yoke; and a holding device with a brake and lock, to which is fixed the support platform, that is mounted on means to provide adjustment for different size logs.
A further aspect of the present invention provides a method of holding a log to enable the sawing of a log to produce radially sawn longitudinal sectors of timber extending radially to a longitudinal axis of the log, the method including the steps of placing the log in a yoke to support the main weight of the log; adjusting a holding apparatus to compensate for the size of the log; mounting a fastening devices in relation to the longitudinal axis; applying a holding force to the fastening devices;
2a moving a saw between the fastening devices into the log to the longitudinal axis;
passing the saw along the log between the fastening devices to cut the longitudinal wedge; and withdrawing the saw from the log.
The present invention relates to a device that enables complete cuts to be made along the full length of the log at the required depth enabling the integrated production of a range of timber products.
The device provides for improved log and wedge holding ability and is comparatively simple to construct and use. The device allows for logs with uneven ends. This is typical of logs coming into the log yard and logs being docked in the log yard for sawing, as in practice it is virtually impossible to regularly dock ends square to the longitudinal axis of the tree.
The device allows for the containment of growth stresses during the sawing process and the even release of growth stresses into the individual wedges at the end of the sawing process.
The device has for a disadvantage that the number of and angle between the full cuts that can be carned out on the device is limited to the pattern of the initial manufacture.
The restrictive nature of the device can be used to advantage in further processing to maximise recovering of sawn timber from a log to increase the versatility of the overall production line and products produced and to ensure that logs go to their highest value usage.
It is not generally possible to ascertain the quality of the internal timber in a log. Depending on log quality initial cuts can be very important to subsequent recovery and usage of timber. Decisions in regard to this can take time and a high degree of skill. A standard sawing or "breaking down" procedure that can channel initial broken down product for further standardized or customized production can have significant advantages especially in the selection of high quality timbers from the sawing line. The present invention has for its object a standardized system of breaking down logs into wedge sectors which provides the ability for the making of a WO 97/18930 PCT/AU9b/00742 65 decision about the best use for the log once the internal timber quality can be seen, and a device for the object's practical application. For example, quartersawn faces of timber (i.e. radial faces in a radial sawing process) can have special grain characteristics which are highly prized. Wedges showing ~ these characteristics can be selected from the process to be further processed 70 to the required product and possible highest value.
Wedges in their broken down state can be assessed for size, quality, defect or special characteristics and channelled for further processing.
Further processing can include resawing wedges for backsawn boards (i.e. sawing from radial face to radial face to make backsawn boards which 7S basically have their growth rings tangential to the broad face), resawing wedges to produce further divided sector wedges, resawing parallel to the radial faces to produce quartersawn boards (i.e. boards with growth rings basically at right angles to the broad face) and resawing wedges tto produce trapezoidal sections that may not be classed as either quartersawn or 80 backsawn.
The basic embodiment of a device for the application of the invention involves a device with a predetermined number of fingers or holding arnns that apply pressure, force and restrictive means to hold and support Logs at both ends 8S : hold a log in position in relation to a chosen central longitudinal axis rotate around the same longitudinal axis as the log hold individual sectors of the end of a log allow sawcuts to be made along the radii of the sectors of the 90 log to form individual wedges of timber : allow clearance for the sawblade so that a complete cut along ' the full length of the log can be made at the required depth.
hold the wedges of timber after being sawn release individual wedges at a determined time 9S : adjust for length to hold logs with uneven ends or that are not at right angles to the axis of rotation SUBSTTTUTE SKEET (Rule 26) WO 97!18930 PCT/AU96/00742 allow for the practical integrated production of a range of timber products In one preferred embodiment of the invention individual holding 100 fingers are round bars or pipes which have the ability to slide in and out parallel to the axis of the log. The pins are mounted in supporting holes -arranged in a circular fashion to match the required cutting pattern with examples being six pins arranged for 60 degree wedges and 8 pins for 45 degree wedges. For this embodiment the ends of the pins cars slide into a 105 common hydraulic reservoir which causes the other pins to come out when one pin is pushed in. When the log holding devices are pushed into the ends ofthe logs this enables the pins to automatically equalize on an angled or uneven log end.
Pins extend the required distance so that circular saw blades do not cut I 10 into the material carrying the supporting holes for the sliding pins.
Pressures from log weight and growth stresses from the cut wedge can be very high. A supporting yoke is installed close to the log to support the load on the pins. The yoke is circular in nature and with an opening at the top to allow travel of the sawblade but full containment of the pins while in the I 15 sawing position.
Pins can be machined hollow at the ends to form sharp rims or have attachments at the ends to facilitate the holding of the log. Pins can be machined or have attachments to stop unwanted pin rotation causing misalignment of holding facilitating attachments.
120 In this first preferred embodiment logs are held by compressing the logs by moving at least one of the holding devices into the log to supply the required holding pressure in the hydraulic reservoir_ Holding devices are generally mounted on rails allowing movement along the same line as the longitudinal axis of the log. A suitable means for 125 rails or the mounting of rails for the devices are the lower flanges of RSJ or universal type beams. These can be strengthened or doubled if required. The actual sawing device can run along the upper flange or upon rails mounted on the upper flange.
SUBST>~TUTE SHEET (Rule 26) In an alternate embodiment holding devices can be locked at the required position and hydraulic pressure can be provided to push the pins into a holding position.
A further embodiment allows for individual hydraulic reservoirs for individual pins to allow for individual compression and release for individual wedges.
This ability to selectively release individual segments can be used to facilitate unloading of the sawn wedges of timber in a progressive manner.
Adjustment and pressure to fingers or holding arms could be provided by mechanical means, springs, compressed air or other suitable means.
A normal sawing cycle involves mounting a log in the holding devices in relation to a chosen sawing centre, lowering the saw between the holding arms into the log, passing the saw along the log to between the holding arms at the other end to complete the cut, at which point the saw is withdrawn. The log is rotated by the holding devices the required amount, with the process being repeated until all wedges are cut from the log to complete the cycle. Sector wedges are then removed for processing to the required products.
Further features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description, taken in combination with the appended drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a side view of a log illustrating the cutting restrictions of a typical prior-art log holder;
Figure 2 is a side view of a log with an uneven end, illustrating the difficulty of holding such a log using a prior-art log holder;
Figure 3 is a side schematic view of growth stresses released into two opposing wedges of timber after a longitudinal cut;
Figure 3b is an end schematic view of the wedge sectors shown in Figure 3;
Figure 4 is an end view of a log divided into eight wedged sectors;
Figure Sa is a side elevational view of a preferred embodiment of the invention;
Figure Sb is an end view of the embodiment shown in Figure Sa;
Figure 6 is an end view of a partly sawed log using an embodiment of the invention;
Figure 7 is a side view of a holding pin with a tooth attachment in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
Figure 8 is a side view of two holders at both ends of a log while a circular saw cuts longitudinally in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
Figure 9 illustrates rail-mounted holding devices in accordance with another embodiment of the invention;
Figure 10 illustrates different sawing patterns that can be performed as part of an integrated operation using embodiments of the invention; and Figure 11 is a schematic layout of a range of products made using the embodiments of the invention.
In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a diagram of a log (1) with the dotted line (2) representing the restrictions to full sawing cuts caused by a holding device (3) that does not allow sawing past the holding points of the holding device. In practice, more of the log may remain uncut and wasted as a greater uncut portion is often left to stop the growth stresses causing the cut wedges to break out.
Wedges which break out leave uneven distortion of the remaining wedges.
Figure 2 shows how sectors of a log with an end (4) as little as 2 degrees to the central axis may not be held fully or at all by a rigid holding mechanism (5).
Figure 3 diagrammatically represents the growth stresses released into two opposing wedges of timber (6) with dotted line (7) representing the former longitudinal axis of the log and the line to which a parallel saw cut was made to release the said segments. Figure 3(b) shows the relative position of the wedge sectors (6) from the log end view.
Figure 4 represents the end section of a log divided into eight equal sectors one of which is indicated by (8) with the typical centre of holding points indicated by crosses such as (9).
Figure S(a) shows the side elevation of a preferred embodiment of the invention while Figure 5(b) shows an elevation as viewed from the log holding end of the device.
In relation to these Figures:
(10) indicates the centre of rotation of the device.
(11) indicates typical circular pins capable of longitudinal movement as indicated by arrow (12).
6a (13) indicates a common hydraulic reservoir with a typical seal (14) containing hydraulic fluid that exerts pressure on the end of pins when compressive pressure is applied to the pins.
(15) indicates a plate which is connected to the reservoir section (13), with holes for supporting the pins.
(16) indicates a supporting shaft with supporting devices (17) connected to a suitable platform or trolley device which allows rotation of the shaft to which turning, indexing, locking and thrust resisting means may be attached.
(18) indicates a supporting yoke connected to the suitable platform or trolley device which supports the main weight of the log and reduces stress in the sealing area of the hydraulic reservoir and contains the growth stress forces of the cut segments. The yoke may be lined on the internal bearing surface (19) with friction reducing material.
Figure 6 shows, using dotted lines, the end section of a partly sawed log (20) in relation to the yoke (18), saw cuts, dotted lines (21), and holding points (22). Yoke characteristics allow for only sectors attached to other sectors passing saw cut opening (23) during the sawing operation further reducing stress on the holding pins.
A wedge can be driven between the pins by a suitable means to act as a locking device.
Figure 7 shows a circular holding pin (24) with a separate tooth attachment (25) to facilitate holding of log sectors. Attachments may be rigid or pivoting or shad in particular ways, or supply holding pressure in their own right. Hatched area (26) indicates how a keyway can be machined to accept a stop that allows longitudinal movement but does not allow unwanted 195 pin rotation.
Figure 8 represents two holding devices (28) acting at the end of a log {29) with circular saw (30) starting to cut along the log. Rotational means can be aplied to one of the holding devices or both of the holding devices.
Locking devices can be applied to one or both holding devices. Rotation 200 means can be applied to one holding device with locking devices applied to one or both holding devices.
Figure 9 shows the lower flange of two universal or RSJ type beams {31 ) forming rails or mountings for rails for holding or allowing the movement of the holding devices (32) to cut logs at different lengths and to apply 205 pressure to the logs. Beams may be doubled as at (33) to strengthen spans and flanges. Upper flange of beams can be used to as rail or to support rails for the sawing device. Holding devices can be shifted along rails and apply compressive forceby winching with cables and chains or by rack and pinion drive. Holding devices can be locked in position by cachet devices, pins in 210 holes or by mechanical braking devices on the rails.
Figure 10 shows sawing patterns that can be selected, after the initial sawing of the logs into wedges, as part of an integrated operation. These re-sawing processes take place on a different machine or different machines as part of an overall process. (34) indicates a wedge resawn to backsawn boards, 215 (35) indicates a wedge resawn to further wedges (36) indicates a wedge resawn to quartersawn boards and (37) indicates a trapezoidal timber section that may not be classed as either quartersawn or backsawn.
Figure 11 shows a schematic diagram of a layout for the production of the range of products required with {38) being the holding devices a~ the 220 sawing station (39) enabling the production of transferrcd wedges {40).
The wedge can be assessed or decisions made to which of the further processing stations (41 ) the wedges or batches of wedges will be sent. The arrows SUBSTITUTE WiEET (Rule 26) indicate possible wedge and product flow lines. Numbers of stations can be reduced or increased according to requirement. Stations could be reduced to 225 one or two in number with individual stations carrying out more than one required function.
SUBSTTTLJTE SHEET (Rule 26)
The present invention relates to an apparatus for the sawing of radial wedges of timber from a log and a method for further processing sawn wedges into a range of timber products.
Radial sawing involves sawing elongated wedges of timber from a log so that the resulting wedges have two radial faces that are essentially formed by sawing the log along planes parallel to radii extending from a selected centre of the Iog along the longitudinal axis of the log.
Radial sawing logs allows for increased recovery of usable timber from a log and timber products with consistent growth ring orientation.
These advantages have been outlined fully by Hasenwinkle U.S. Patent No. 3,903,943 and Know Australian Patent No. 623344, and Know U.S. Patent No. 5,560,409.
Although radial sawing offers many theoretical and practical advantages, industry has not generally adopted or developed the method.
Prior art does not disclose a method for a production process involving radial sawing logs to wedges with the subsequent ability to produce backsawn boards, quartersawn boards, further divided radial wedges or trapezoidal timber sections if required. Prior art discloses sawing devices which appear cumbersome or which because of the use of multiple blades would be expensive to build and difficult to operate and maintain.
Also, none of these devices allow for the economical and practical sawing of logs with growth stresses.
These stresses which are particularly strong in small diameter hardwood trees are adversely affecting the timber industry as old growth type forests are cut out and the timber resource comes increasingly from regrowth and plantation timbers.
Australian Patent No. 623344 does disclose a method for the production of radial wedges from all logs including logs that contain growth stresses. The method involves the mounting of logs in holding devices which hold the ends of the logs. These holding devices allow the log to be rotated S~T1T~ SHEET (Rule 25) along their longitudinal axis and for saw cuts to be made at predetermined angles basically from the outside to the centre along the length of the log. Although this has many advantages it does not provide a practical method of integrated operation that does not involve sawing of the end of the log or additional cuts to separate the wedges after the radial sawing process.
Therefore, the present invention provides a holding apparatus to enable the sawing of a log to produce radially sawn sectors of timber centred on a longitudinal axis of the log and extending from end to end of the log, including: a plurality of independently moveable fastening devices to hold and support individual sectors of a log, at both ends thereof, before, during and after the log is sawed longitudinally by a saw blade; and a means to exert pressure on the fastening devices to hold and support the log.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a holding apparatus to enable the sawing of a log to produce radially sawn sectors of timber centred on a longitudinal axis of the log and extending from end to end of the log, comprising: a plurality of independently moveable fastening devices to hold and support individual sectors of a log, at both ends thereof, before, during and after the log is sawed longitudinally by a saw blade the devices being located to allow the saw blade to pass between the fastening devices to the longitudinal axis; a means to exert pressure on the fastening devices to hold and support the log; a support shaft with a brake and lock to turn the fastening devices and pressure exerting means about longitudinal axis;
a yoke to support the fastening devices, the yoke having an opening to allow the passage of the saw blade so that a complete longitudinal cut along the full length of the log can be made to the longitudinal axis; a support platform to which is fixed a support device to brace the shaft and the yoke; and a holding device with a brake and lock, to which is fixed the support platform, that is mounted on means to provide adjustment for different size logs.
A further aspect of the present invention provides a method of holding a log to enable the sawing of a log to produce radially sawn longitudinal sectors of timber extending radially to a longitudinal axis of the log, the method including the steps of placing the log in a yoke to support the main weight of the log; adjusting a holding apparatus to compensate for the size of the log; mounting a fastening devices in relation to the longitudinal axis; applying a holding force to the fastening devices;
2a moving a saw between the fastening devices into the log to the longitudinal axis;
passing the saw along the log between the fastening devices to cut the longitudinal wedge; and withdrawing the saw from the log.
The present invention relates to a device that enables complete cuts to be made along the full length of the log at the required depth enabling the integrated production of a range of timber products.
The device provides for improved log and wedge holding ability and is comparatively simple to construct and use. The device allows for logs with uneven ends. This is typical of logs coming into the log yard and logs being docked in the log yard for sawing, as in practice it is virtually impossible to regularly dock ends square to the longitudinal axis of the tree.
The device allows for the containment of growth stresses during the sawing process and the even release of growth stresses into the individual wedges at the end of the sawing process.
The device has for a disadvantage that the number of and angle between the full cuts that can be carned out on the device is limited to the pattern of the initial manufacture.
The restrictive nature of the device can be used to advantage in further processing to maximise recovering of sawn timber from a log to increase the versatility of the overall production line and products produced and to ensure that logs go to their highest value usage.
It is not generally possible to ascertain the quality of the internal timber in a log. Depending on log quality initial cuts can be very important to subsequent recovery and usage of timber. Decisions in regard to this can take time and a high degree of skill. A standard sawing or "breaking down" procedure that can channel initial broken down product for further standardized or customized production can have significant advantages especially in the selection of high quality timbers from the sawing line. The present invention has for its object a standardized system of breaking down logs into wedge sectors which provides the ability for the making of a WO 97/18930 PCT/AU9b/00742 65 decision about the best use for the log once the internal timber quality can be seen, and a device for the object's practical application. For example, quartersawn faces of timber (i.e. radial faces in a radial sawing process) can have special grain characteristics which are highly prized. Wedges showing ~ these characteristics can be selected from the process to be further processed 70 to the required product and possible highest value.
Wedges in their broken down state can be assessed for size, quality, defect or special characteristics and channelled for further processing.
Further processing can include resawing wedges for backsawn boards (i.e. sawing from radial face to radial face to make backsawn boards which 7S basically have their growth rings tangential to the broad face), resawing wedges to produce further divided sector wedges, resawing parallel to the radial faces to produce quartersawn boards (i.e. boards with growth rings basically at right angles to the broad face) and resawing wedges tto produce trapezoidal sections that may not be classed as either quartersawn or 80 backsawn.
The basic embodiment of a device for the application of the invention involves a device with a predetermined number of fingers or holding arnns that apply pressure, force and restrictive means to hold and support Logs at both ends 8S : hold a log in position in relation to a chosen central longitudinal axis rotate around the same longitudinal axis as the log hold individual sectors of the end of a log allow sawcuts to be made along the radii of the sectors of the 90 log to form individual wedges of timber : allow clearance for the sawblade so that a complete cut along ' the full length of the log can be made at the required depth.
hold the wedges of timber after being sawn release individual wedges at a determined time 9S : adjust for length to hold logs with uneven ends or that are not at right angles to the axis of rotation SUBSTTTUTE SKEET (Rule 26) WO 97!18930 PCT/AU96/00742 allow for the practical integrated production of a range of timber products In one preferred embodiment of the invention individual holding 100 fingers are round bars or pipes which have the ability to slide in and out parallel to the axis of the log. The pins are mounted in supporting holes -arranged in a circular fashion to match the required cutting pattern with examples being six pins arranged for 60 degree wedges and 8 pins for 45 degree wedges. For this embodiment the ends of the pins cars slide into a 105 common hydraulic reservoir which causes the other pins to come out when one pin is pushed in. When the log holding devices are pushed into the ends ofthe logs this enables the pins to automatically equalize on an angled or uneven log end.
Pins extend the required distance so that circular saw blades do not cut I 10 into the material carrying the supporting holes for the sliding pins.
Pressures from log weight and growth stresses from the cut wedge can be very high. A supporting yoke is installed close to the log to support the load on the pins. The yoke is circular in nature and with an opening at the top to allow travel of the sawblade but full containment of the pins while in the I 15 sawing position.
Pins can be machined hollow at the ends to form sharp rims or have attachments at the ends to facilitate the holding of the log. Pins can be machined or have attachments to stop unwanted pin rotation causing misalignment of holding facilitating attachments.
120 In this first preferred embodiment logs are held by compressing the logs by moving at least one of the holding devices into the log to supply the required holding pressure in the hydraulic reservoir_ Holding devices are generally mounted on rails allowing movement along the same line as the longitudinal axis of the log. A suitable means for 125 rails or the mounting of rails for the devices are the lower flanges of RSJ or universal type beams. These can be strengthened or doubled if required. The actual sawing device can run along the upper flange or upon rails mounted on the upper flange.
SUBST>~TUTE SHEET (Rule 26) In an alternate embodiment holding devices can be locked at the required position and hydraulic pressure can be provided to push the pins into a holding position.
A further embodiment allows for individual hydraulic reservoirs for individual pins to allow for individual compression and release for individual wedges.
This ability to selectively release individual segments can be used to facilitate unloading of the sawn wedges of timber in a progressive manner.
Adjustment and pressure to fingers or holding arms could be provided by mechanical means, springs, compressed air or other suitable means.
A normal sawing cycle involves mounting a log in the holding devices in relation to a chosen sawing centre, lowering the saw between the holding arms into the log, passing the saw along the log to between the holding arms at the other end to complete the cut, at which point the saw is withdrawn. The log is rotated by the holding devices the required amount, with the process being repeated until all wedges are cut from the log to complete the cycle. Sector wedges are then removed for processing to the required products.
Further features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description, taken in combination with the appended drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a side view of a log illustrating the cutting restrictions of a typical prior-art log holder;
Figure 2 is a side view of a log with an uneven end, illustrating the difficulty of holding such a log using a prior-art log holder;
Figure 3 is a side schematic view of growth stresses released into two opposing wedges of timber after a longitudinal cut;
Figure 3b is an end schematic view of the wedge sectors shown in Figure 3;
Figure 4 is an end view of a log divided into eight wedged sectors;
Figure Sa is a side elevational view of a preferred embodiment of the invention;
Figure Sb is an end view of the embodiment shown in Figure Sa;
Figure 6 is an end view of a partly sawed log using an embodiment of the invention;
Figure 7 is a side view of a holding pin with a tooth attachment in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
Figure 8 is a side view of two holders at both ends of a log while a circular saw cuts longitudinally in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
Figure 9 illustrates rail-mounted holding devices in accordance with another embodiment of the invention;
Figure 10 illustrates different sawing patterns that can be performed as part of an integrated operation using embodiments of the invention; and Figure 11 is a schematic layout of a range of products made using the embodiments of the invention.
In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a diagram of a log (1) with the dotted line (2) representing the restrictions to full sawing cuts caused by a holding device (3) that does not allow sawing past the holding points of the holding device. In practice, more of the log may remain uncut and wasted as a greater uncut portion is often left to stop the growth stresses causing the cut wedges to break out.
Wedges which break out leave uneven distortion of the remaining wedges.
Figure 2 shows how sectors of a log with an end (4) as little as 2 degrees to the central axis may not be held fully or at all by a rigid holding mechanism (5).
Figure 3 diagrammatically represents the growth stresses released into two opposing wedges of timber (6) with dotted line (7) representing the former longitudinal axis of the log and the line to which a parallel saw cut was made to release the said segments. Figure 3(b) shows the relative position of the wedge sectors (6) from the log end view.
Figure 4 represents the end section of a log divided into eight equal sectors one of which is indicated by (8) with the typical centre of holding points indicated by crosses such as (9).
Figure S(a) shows the side elevation of a preferred embodiment of the invention while Figure 5(b) shows an elevation as viewed from the log holding end of the device.
In relation to these Figures:
(10) indicates the centre of rotation of the device.
(11) indicates typical circular pins capable of longitudinal movement as indicated by arrow (12).
6a (13) indicates a common hydraulic reservoir with a typical seal (14) containing hydraulic fluid that exerts pressure on the end of pins when compressive pressure is applied to the pins.
(15) indicates a plate which is connected to the reservoir section (13), with holes for supporting the pins.
(16) indicates a supporting shaft with supporting devices (17) connected to a suitable platform or trolley device which allows rotation of the shaft to which turning, indexing, locking and thrust resisting means may be attached.
(18) indicates a supporting yoke connected to the suitable platform or trolley device which supports the main weight of the log and reduces stress in the sealing area of the hydraulic reservoir and contains the growth stress forces of the cut segments. The yoke may be lined on the internal bearing surface (19) with friction reducing material.
Figure 6 shows, using dotted lines, the end section of a partly sawed log (20) in relation to the yoke (18), saw cuts, dotted lines (21), and holding points (22). Yoke characteristics allow for only sectors attached to other sectors passing saw cut opening (23) during the sawing operation further reducing stress on the holding pins.
A wedge can be driven between the pins by a suitable means to act as a locking device.
Figure 7 shows a circular holding pin (24) with a separate tooth attachment (25) to facilitate holding of log sectors. Attachments may be rigid or pivoting or shad in particular ways, or supply holding pressure in their own right. Hatched area (26) indicates how a keyway can be machined to accept a stop that allows longitudinal movement but does not allow unwanted 195 pin rotation.
Figure 8 represents two holding devices (28) acting at the end of a log {29) with circular saw (30) starting to cut along the log. Rotational means can be aplied to one of the holding devices or both of the holding devices.
Locking devices can be applied to one or both holding devices. Rotation 200 means can be applied to one holding device with locking devices applied to one or both holding devices.
Figure 9 shows the lower flange of two universal or RSJ type beams {31 ) forming rails or mountings for rails for holding or allowing the movement of the holding devices (32) to cut logs at different lengths and to apply 205 pressure to the logs. Beams may be doubled as at (33) to strengthen spans and flanges. Upper flange of beams can be used to as rail or to support rails for the sawing device. Holding devices can be shifted along rails and apply compressive forceby winching with cables and chains or by rack and pinion drive. Holding devices can be locked in position by cachet devices, pins in 210 holes or by mechanical braking devices on the rails.
Figure 10 shows sawing patterns that can be selected, after the initial sawing of the logs into wedges, as part of an integrated operation. These re-sawing processes take place on a different machine or different machines as part of an overall process. (34) indicates a wedge resawn to backsawn boards, 215 (35) indicates a wedge resawn to further wedges (36) indicates a wedge resawn to quartersawn boards and (37) indicates a trapezoidal timber section that may not be classed as either quartersawn or backsawn.
Figure 11 shows a schematic diagram of a layout for the production of the range of products required with {38) being the holding devices a~ the 220 sawing station (39) enabling the production of transferrcd wedges {40).
The wedge can be assessed or decisions made to which of the further processing stations (41 ) the wedges or batches of wedges will be sent. The arrows SUBSTITUTE WiEET (Rule 26) indicate possible wedge and product flow lines. Numbers of stations can be reduced or increased according to requirement. Stations could be reduced to 225 one or two in number with individual stations carrying out more than one required function.
SUBSTTTLJTE SHEET (Rule 26)
Claims (21)
1. A holding apparatus to enable the sawing of a log to produce radially sawn sectors of timber centred on a longitudinal axis of the log and extending from end to end of the log, including:
a plurality of independently moveable fastening devices to hold and support individual sectors of a log, at both ends thereof, before, during and after the log is sawed longitudinally by a saw blade; and a means for exerting pressure on the fastening devices to hold and support the log.
a plurality of independently moveable fastening devices to hold and support individual sectors of a log, at both ends thereof, before, during and after the log is sawed longitudinally by a saw blade; and a means for exerting pressure on the fastening devices to hold and support the log.
2. The holding apparatus of claim 1, wherein the pressure exerting means applies a pressure on the fastening devices such that the fastening devices automatically equalize on an angled or uneven log end.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the pressure exerting means includes a common hydraulic reservoir operably linked to said fastening devices to enable said automatic equalization.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the pressure exerting means enables compression or release of individual fastening devices to accommodate angled or uneven log ends.
5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the fastening devices are individually operably linked to individual hydraulic reservoirs to enable selective holding or release of individual sectors of the sawn log.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the pressure exerting means applies pressure by mechanical means, springs or compressed air.
7. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the fastening devices are located to permit a saw blade to pass between the fastening devices parallel to the longitudinal axis to enable a complete cut to be made along the full length of the longitudinal axis of the log.
8. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the fastening devices are movable parallel to the axis of the log.
9. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the apparatus includes a yoke to support the fastening devices, the yoke having an opening to allow the passage of the saw blade so that a complete longitudinal cut along the full length of the log can be made to the longitudinal axis to separate sector portions into said sectors, the yoke supporting the fastening devices is shaped to contain radially outward forces on the fastening devices caused by growth stresses in the log or sawn sectors.
10. A holding apparatus to enable the sawing of a log to produce radially sawn sectors of timber centred on a longitudinal axis of the log and extending from end to end of the log, comprising:
a plurality of independently moveable fastening devices to hold and support individual sectors of a log, at both ends thereof, before, during and after the log is sawed longitudinally by a saw blade the devices being located to allow the saw blade to pass between the fastening devices to the longitudinal axis;
a means for exerting pressure on the fastening devices to hold and support the log;
a support shaft with a brake and lock to turn the fastening devices and pressure exerting means about a longitudinal axis;
a yoke to support the fastening devices, the yoke having an opening to permit the passage of the saw blade so that a complete longitudinal cut along the full length of the log can be made to the longitudinal axis;
a support platform to which is fixed a support device to brace the shaft and the yoke; and a holding device with a brake and lock, to which is fixed the support platform, that is mounted on means to provide adjustment for different sizes of logs.
a plurality of independently moveable fastening devices to hold and support individual sectors of a log, at both ends thereof, before, during and after the log is sawed longitudinally by a saw blade the devices being located to allow the saw blade to pass between the fastening devices to the longitudinal axis;
a means for exerting pressure on the fastening devices to hold and support the log;
a support shaft with a brake and lock to turn the fastening devices and pressure exerting means about a longitudinal axis;
a yoke to support the fastening devices, the yoke having an opening to permit the passage of the saw blade so that a complete longitudinal cut along the full length of the log can be made to the longitudinal axis;
a support platform to which is fixed a support device to brace the shaft and the yoke; and a holding device with a brake and lock, to which is fixed the support platform, that is mounted on means to provide adjustment for different sizes of logs.
11. The holding apparatus of claim 10, where the fastening devices are rods which in use are under compression generated by the pressure exerting means to hold and support the log.
12. The holding apparatus of claim 10, where the fastening devices are screws which are used to support the log.
13. The holding apparatus of claim 11, where a said pressure exerting means is hydraulic and individual to each fastening device.
14. A method of holding a log to enable the sawing of a log to produce radially sawn longitudinal sectors of timber extending radially to a longitudinal axis of the log, the method including the steps of:
a) placing the log in a yoke to support the main weight of the log;
b) adjusting a holding apparatus to compensate for the size of the log;
c) mounting fastening devices in relation to the longitudinal axis;
d) applying a holding force to the fastening devices;
e) moving a saw between the fastening devices to cut into the log to the longitudinal axis;
f) passing the saw along the log between the fastening devices to cut the longitudinal wedge; and g) withdrawing the saw from the log.
a) placing the log in a yoke to support the main weight of the log;
b) adjusting a holding apparatus to compensate for the size of the log;
c) mounting fastening devices in relation to the longitudinal axis;
d) applying a holding force to the fastening devices;
e) moving a saw between the fastening devices to cut into the log to the longitudinal axis;
f) passing the saw along the log between the fastening devices to cut the longitudinal wedge; and g) withdrawing the saw from the log.
15. The method of claim 14, including a subsequent step of rotating the fastening devices a required amount to set up the next cut;
repeating steps a) to g) until all the wedges are cut from the log; and removing the sector wedges for processing.
repeating steps a) to g) until all the wedges are cut from the log; and removing the sector wedges for processing.
16. The method of claim 14 or 15, wherein the step of adjusting the holding apparatus comprises moving of the holding apparatus towards each end of the log to a holding position until the fastening devices exert enough pressure to hold the log and cut wedge sectors.
17. The method of claim 16, wherein the holding apparatus is moved away from the ends of the log to release sawn wedge sectors of timber.
18. The method of claim 16, wherein the holding apparatus remain in their relative holding position and the fastening devices are withdrawn or pressure is achieved to enable release of the sectors, either all at once, or in a controlled manner to allow individual sector release.
19. The method of claims 14 or 15, wherein the step of adjusting the holding apparatus comprises moving the holding apparatus toward each end of the log to a fixed position and extending and adjusting the fastening devices to hold the log and the cut wedge sectors.
20. The method of claim 19, wherein the holding apparatus is moved away from the ends of the log to release sawn wedge sectors of timber.
21. The method of claim 19, wherein the holding apparatus remain in their relative holding position and the fastening devices are withdrawn or pressure is achieved to enable release of the sectors, either all at once, or in a controlled manner to allow individual sector release.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AUPN6729 | 1995-11-22 | ||
| AUPN6729A AUPN672995A0 (en) | 1995-11-22 | 1995-11-22 | Radial sawing log holder |
| PCT/AU1996/000742 WO1997018930A1 (en) | 1995-11-22 | 1996-11-21 | Radial sawing log holder and method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2238338A1 CA2238338A1 (en) | 1997-05-29 |
| CA2238338C true CA2238338C (en) | 2006-11-07 |
Family
ID=3791053
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002238338A Expired - Fee Related CA2238338C (en) | 1995-11-22 | 1996-11-21 | Radial sawing log holder and method |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6032708A (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2002502323A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1267257C (en) |
| AU (1) | AUPN672995A0 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9612573A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2238338C (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1997018930A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19920546A1 (en) * | 1999-05-05 | 2000-11-09 | Esterer Wd Gmbh & Co | Method and device for breaking logs into boards |
| IES990746A2 (en) * | 1999-09-02 | 2001-04-04 | Eamonn Hughes | Woodworking Machine for Cutting Wedges |
| SE517828C2 (en) * | 1999-12-08 | 2002-07-23 | Primwood Ab | Saw station and a method of using the saw station |
| WO2006060855A1 (en) * | 2004-12-09 | 2006-06-15 | Radial Corporation Limited | Material handling for radial timber sawing |
| GB2491830B (en) * | 2011-06-13 | 2016-01-27 | Surridge Willow Ltd | A log handling machine |
| RU2558221C1 (en) * | 2014-02-14 | 2015-07-27 | Валерий Павлович Суров | Method of log conversion |
| CN107584568B (en) * | 2017-10-14 | 2023-04-18 | 苏州亨利通信材料有限公司 | Cutting method of iron and wood disc fan plate for wires and cables and special automatic cutting equipment |
| CA3037006C (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2020-09-29 | Norwood Industries Inc. | Pivoting ratchet toe board |
| CN112008822B (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2022-03-18 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Method for manufacturing high-outturn-rate wood physical and mechanical test material |
| CN113478602B (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2022-09-20 | 山东汇融电子设备有限公司 | Albizzia julibrissin branch and bark separator |
| CN113601623A (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2021-11-05 | 江苏江海机床集团有限公司 | Log processing is with effectual log centring means of centering |
| CN115070955A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-09-20 | 潘杰 | Core segmentation ware is used in geological mineral exploration |
Family Cites Families (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR579901A (en) * | 1924-04-07 | 1924-10-27 | Innovations Mecaniques | Improvements to machines for mechanically cutting logs into logs |
| US2393940A (en) * | 1942-01-21 | 1946-01-29 | Edward P Stamm | Radial sawing mechanism |
| DK91539C (en) * | 1959-10-13 | 1961-08-14 | Kristian Staerk As | Carrying mechanism for mounting on the spindle of a veneer peeling machine. |
| AU3507471A (en) * | 1971-10-28 | 1973-05-03 | Us Natural Resources | Log rotating and feeding device |
| SU490651A1 (en) * | 1973-01-11 | 1975-11-05 | Воронежский лесотехнический институт | Method for producing glued blanks for radial sawing |
| CA1027461A (en) * | 1976-02-13 | 1978-03-07 | J. Kenneth Seaman | Method and apparatus for cutting wood |
| US4394409A (en) * | 1977-09-22 | 1983-07-19 | Weyerhaeuser Company | Composite wood article and method of manufacture |
| US4287798A (en) * | 1980-01-31 | 1981-09-08 | Cooper Jr Hill M | Sawmill work feeding and product handling apparatus |
| DE3216669A1 (en) * | 1982-05-04 | 1983-11-10 | Peter 2057 Reinbek Polaczek | METHOD FOR PROCESSING ROUND WOOD TO CONSTRUCTION WOOD OR VENEER AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT THE METHOD |
| US4489635A (en) * | 1983-03-16 | 1984-12-25 | Cooper William B | Saw mill improvements |
| WO1989004747A1 (en) * | 1987-11-27 | 1989-06-01 | Andrew Karl Knorr | Method of sawing timber and timber products formed thereby |
| EP0334834B1 (en) * | 1988-03-11 | 1991-07-03 | Ludwig Lösch | Method for radially cutting round wood |
| US4936559A (en) * | 1988-11-18 | 1990-06-26 | Antonio Diaz Torga | Indexing work-piece holder for numerically-controlled machine tools |
| AU5578090A (en) * | 1989-05-22 | 1990-11-22 | Andrew Karl Knorr | A method in which radial segments are cut from a log and various products are made from the resulting segments |
| AU4865790A (en) * | 1990-01-23 | 1991-09-19 | Andrew Karl Knorr | Method for making timber structural members |
| US5109899A (en) * | 1991-01-31 | 1992-05-05 | Ken Henderickson | Cant-making apparatus and process |
| AT397058B (en) * | 1991-04-24 | 1994-01-25 | Wolf Systembau Gmbh & Co Kg | TENSIONING AND FEEDING DEVICE FOR TREATING TRUNKS |
| RU2045387C1 (en) * | 1991-08-23 | 1995-10-10 | Леонид Андреевич Богокин | Method of cutting out logs of foliate trees |
-
1995
- 1995-11-22 AU AUPN6729A patent/AUPN672995A0/en not_active Abandoned
-
1996
- 1996-11-21 CN CNB961991348A patent/CN1267257C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-11-21 JP JP51923397A patent/JP2002502323A/en active Pending
- 1996-11-21 CA CA002238338A patent/CA2238338C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-11-21 US US09/077,127 patent/US6032708A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-11-21 WO PCT/AU1996/000742 patent/WO1997018930A1/en active Application Filing
- 1996-11-21 BR BR9612573-0A patent/BR9612573A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2238338A1 (en) | 1997-05-29 |
| CN1205666A (en) | 1999-01-20 |
| AUPN672995A0 (en) | 1995-12-14 |
| WO1997018930A1 (en) | 1997-05-29 |
| CN1267257C (en) | 2006-08-02 |
| US6032708A (en) | 2000-03-07 |
| BR9612573A (en) | 1999-09-14 |
| JP2002502323A (en) | 2002-01-22 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed |