CA2221597A1 - Epicyclic unit of a planet gear - Google Patents
Epicyclic unit of a planet gear Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2221597A1 CA2221597A1 CA002221597A CA2221597A CA2221597A1 CA 2221597 A1 CA2221597 A1 CA 2221597A1 CA 002221597 A CA002221597 A CA 002221597A CA 2221597 A CA2221597 A CA 2221597A CA 2221597 A1 CA2221597 A1 CA 2221597A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- flange
- carrier
- spline toothing
- lamina
- epicyclic unit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000182067 Fraxinus ornus Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000007730 finishing process Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/08—General details of gearing of gearings with members having orbital motion
- F16H57/082—Planet carriers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
- F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/3023—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms the final output mechanisms comprising elements moved by fluid pressure
- F16H63/3026—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms the final output mechanisms comprising elements moved by fluid pressure comprising friction clutches or brakes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
- Retarders (AREA)
- Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
- Gears, Cams (AREA)
Abstract
An epicyclic unit of a planet gear consists of a carrier which is provided with a journal for initiating the torque and a flange (1) arranged coaxially to the carrier, said flange having a spline toothing on its outer casing surface (2) to support a lamina (4) of a coupling adapted thereto to divert the torque. The carrier and the flange (1) are coupled to one another so as to be torsionally fixed and each receive a bearing pin of planet wheels arranged axially parallel between the carrier and the flange (1). In order to be able to manufacture such an epicyclic unit in an inexpensive manner, it is proposed that the carrier and the flange (1) be made of cast aluminum and that the spline toothing of the flange (1) be completely unfinished.
Description
CA 02221~97 1997-11-20 "Epicyclic Unit of a Planet Gear"
The invention concerns an epicyclic unit of a planet gear having a carrier which is provided with a journal for initiating the torque and a flange which is arranged coaxially to the carrier, said flange having a spline toothing on its outer casing surface for supporting a lamina of a coupling adapted thereto to divert the torque, whereby the carrier and the flange are coupled with one another so as to be torsionally fixed and each receive a bearing pin of planet wheels which are arranged axially parallel between the carrier and the flange.
Epicyclic units of this type are generally known and are usually made as castings from steel. Since these epicyclic units cannot be produced with sufficient dimensional accuracy by casting and, moreover, the surface quality does not meet the required demands, the epicyclic units according to the prior art must be machined after the casting process. In particular, the flanks of the teeth of the spline toothing used as contact surfaces for the coupling laminae on the outer casing surface of the flange must be finished to size by broaching. This comparatively complex and time-consuming finishing process of the flange and carrier of known epicyclic units represents a considerable component of the overall costs.
It is the object of the invention to propose an epicyclic unit which can be manufactured in a clearly less expensive manner and yet meets all requirements with respect to stability and durability.
CA 02221~97 1997-11-20 Proceeding from an epicyclic unit of the aforementioned type, this object is solved according to the invention thereby that the carrier and the flange are manufactured from die-cast aluminum and that the spline toothing of the flange is completely unfinished.
As a result of manufacturing the epicyclic unit of the invention from die-cast aluminum, the manufacturing costs can be substantially reduced which, in particular, is also a result of the fact that no subsequent machining of the carrier or flange is required since the aforementioned components can be made by die-casting with a very great dimensional accuracy.
Even the spline toothing of the flange can remain entirely unfinished which is why the considerable costs for the broaching required in steel flanges according to the prior art are now omitted. The machining of the spline toothing which is no longer required has the further decisive advantage that the skin of the casting produced by the casting method remains intact on the surface of the flange and thus offers the stability required to support the discs. By means of durability tests with the epicyclic unit of the invention, it could be shown that the unfinished tooth flanks of the spline toothing withstand the required number of load alternations without damage.
Due to the die-casting production by means of permanent molds, it is necessary that, among other things, the teeth of the spline toothing be provided with mold release bevels in order to even be able to remove the finished cast part from the die-casting mold. These mold release bevels on the teeth, which are shown in the form of an inclination of the teeth flanks relative to the longitudinal axis of the flange or the carrier, facilitates the release of the laminae of the CA 02221~97 1997-11-20 coupling. As a rule, the coupling is opened by means of spring tension, for which a cup spring is usually used.
Whereas, when the coupling is closing in the case of a hydraulically operated clutch, this is accomplished by applying the appropriate oil pressure, the running up of the laminae against the mold release bevels on the tooth flanks does not represent any kind of problem, the running off of the laminae from the inclined flanks acts in a supporting manner on the opening process of the coupling produced by spring tension.
A preferred compromise with respect to the mold releasability of the flange and the operability of the coupling is shown when the opposite flanks of each tooth of the spline toothing comprise an angle of 2~ to 4~ with one another and the angle bisector between the flanks of each tooth extends parallel to the longitudinal axis of the flange or carrier.
Finally, the invention proposes that the laminae for opening the coupling is axially movable in the direction in which the teeth of the spline toothing taper.
This type of an adjustment of the mold release bevels is preferred when, as common in hydraulic couplings of infinitely variable automatic transmissions for passenger cars, the coupling is opened by spring tension while the coupling is closed by the action of oil pressure.
The invention shall be described in greater detail in the following with reference to an embodiment of a flange of the epicyclic unit which is illustrated in the drawing in the form of a diagrammatic sketch, showing:
CA 02221~97 1997-11-20 ~igure 1 a side view of a flange with a coupling lamina which is engaged and ~igure 2 a top view onto the outer casing surface of the flange provided with a spline toothing, with a part of the lamina shown in section.
Figure 1 shows a representation in principle of a flange 1 of an epicyclic unit of a planet gear. The flange 1 and a carrier (not shown in the drawing) of the epicyclic unit are joined together with aid of screws and each have bearing bores for the planet wheels (also not shown in the drawing) which are situated between the flange 1 and the carrier.
The flange 1 is provided with a number of teeth 3 of a spline toothing on its outer casing surface. The teeth 3 of the spline toothing exhibit an essentially trapezoidal cross-section and are spaced equidistantly about the outer casing surface 2 of the flange 1.
A lamina 4 of a coupling is arranged coaxially with the flange 1, adapted to the spline toothing of the outer casing surface
The invention concerns an epicyclic unit of a planet gear having a carrier which is provided with a journal for initiating the torque and a flange which is arranged coaxially to the carrier, said flange having a spline toothing on its outer casing surface for supporting a lamina of a coupling adapted thereto to divert the torque, whereby the carrier and the flange are coupled with one another so as to be torsionally fixed and each receive a bearing pin of planet wheels which are arranged axially parallel between the carrier and the flange.
Epicyclic units of this type are generally known and are usually made as castings from steel. Since these epicyclic units cannot be produced with sufficient dimensional accuracy by casting and, moreover, the surface quality does not meet the required demands, the epicyclic units according to the prior art must be machined after the casting process. In particular, the flanks of the teeth of the spline toothing used as contact surfaces for the coupling laminae on the outer casing surface of the flange must be finished to size by broaching. This comparatively complex and time-consuming finishing process of the flange and carrier of known epicyclic units represents a considerable component of the overall costs.
It is the object of the invention to propose an epicyclic unit which can be manufactured in a clearly less expensive manner and yet meets all requirements with respect to stability and durability.
CA 02221~97 1997-11-20 Proceeding from an epicyclic unit of the aforementioned type, this object is solved according to the invention thereby that the carrier and the flange are manufactured from die-cast aluminum and that the spline toothing of the flange is completely unfinished.
As a result of manufacturing the epicyclic unit of the invention from die-cast aluminum, the manufacturing costs can be substantially reduced which, in particular, is also a result of the fact that no subsequent machining of the carrier or flange is required since the aforementioned components can be made by die-casting with a very great dimensional accuracy.
Even the spline toothing of the flange can remain entirely unfinished which is why the considerable costs for the broaching required in steel flanges according to the prior art are now omitted. The machining of the spline toothing which is no longer required has the further decisive advantage that the skin of the casting produced by the casting method remains intact on the surface of the flange and thus offers the stability required to support the discs. By means of durability tests with the epicyclic unit of the invention, it could be shown that the unfinished tooth flanks of the spline toothing withstand the required number of load alternations without damage.
Due to the die-casting production by means of permanent molds, it is necessary that, among other things, the teeth of the spline toothing be provided with mold release bevels in order to even be able to remove the finished cast part from the die-casting mold. These mold release bevels on the teeth, which are shown in the form of an inclination of the teeth flanks relative to the longitudinal axis of the flange or the carrier, facilitates the release of the laminae of the CA 02221~97 1997-11-20 coupling. As a rule, the coupling is opened by means of spring tension, for which a cup spring is usually used.
Whereas, when the coupling is closing in the case of a hydraulically operated clutch, this is accomplished by applying the appropriate oil pressure, the running up of the laminae against the mold release bevels on the tooth flanks does not represent any kind of problem, the running off of the laminae from the inclined flanks acts in a supporting manner on the opening process of the coupling produced by spring tension.
A preferred compromise with respect to the mold releasability of the flange and the operability of the coupling is shown when the opposite flanks of each tooth of the spline toothing comprise an angle of 2~ to 4~ with one another and the angle bisector between the flanks of each tooth extends parallel to the longitudinal axis of the flange or carrier.
Finally, the invention proposes that the laminae for opening the coupling is axially movable in the direction in which the teeth of the spline toothing taper.
This type of an adjustment of the mold release bevels is preferred when, as common in hydraulic couplings of infinitely variable automatic transmissions for passenger cars, the coupling is opened by spring tension while the coupling is closed by the action of oil pressure.
The invention shall be described in greater detail in the following with reference to an embodiment of a flange of the epicyclic unit which is illustrated in the drawing in the form of a diagrammatic sketch, showing:
CA 02221~97 1997-11-20 ~igure 1 a side view of a flange with a coupling lamina which is engaged and ~igure 2 a top view onto the outer casing surface of the flange provided with a spline toothing, with a part of the lamina shown in section.
Figure 1 shows a representation in principle of a flange 1 of an epicyclic unit of a planet gear. The flange 1 and a carrier (not shown in the drawing) of the epicyclic unit are joined together with aid of screws and each have bearing bores for the planet wheels (also not shown in the drawing) which are situated between the flange 1 and the carrier.
The flange 1 is provided with a number of teeth 3 of a spline toothing on its outer casing surface. The teeth 3 of the spline toothing exhibit an essentially trapezoidal cross-section and are spaced equidistantly about the outer casing surface 2 of the flange 1.
A lamina 4 of a coupling is arranged coaxially with the flange 1, adapted to the spline toothing of the outer casing surface
2 of the flange 1. The inner casing surface of the lamina 4 is provided with a number of teeth 6 which have a slightly smaller width than the spaces between the teeth 3 on the outer casing surface 2 of the flange 1. Due to the form-locking between the lamina 4 and the flange 1 thus present, a torque can be transmitted between each of the two aforementioned parts. In this case, a flank 7 of a tooth 3 of the flange 1 is supported on a flank 8 of a tooth 6 of the lamina 4.
Figure 2 shows a top view onto the outer casing surface 2 of the flange 1 on which the teeth 3 of the spline toothing have been made. The flanks 7 of the teeth 3 do not thereby extend parallel with a centre of rotation 9 of the flange 1 but are inclined at an angle of 1.5~ thereto. Opposite flanks 7 of the same tooth 3 thus comprise an angle ~ of 3~. The inclination of the flank 7 of the teeth 3 relative to the centre of rotation 9 of the flange 1 is shown greatly enlarged in Figure 2 to better illustrate it. In reality, the incline of the flanks cannot be seen with the naked eye.
On the left side of Figure 2, a section of a tooth 6 of the lamina 4 is shown which is supported with its flank 8 on the flank 7 of the left tooth 3. An annular clutch disc 10 and 11 is situated on each of the two sides of the lamina 1, one of said discs being used to drive forward and the other to drive backward. To release the clutch disc 10, the set consisting of the lamina 4 and the clutch discs 10 and 11 is shifted axially in direction of arrow 12. This movement is produced by the force of a cup spring (not shown) and promoted by the running off of the lamina 6 from the inclined flanks 7 of the teeth 3. The teeth 6 of the lamina 4 consist of steel, while the flange 1 including the teeth 3 are made of cast aluminum.
However, since the flange 1 remains completely unfinished after the casting process and the flanks 7 of the teeth 3 are, as a result, still provided with a hard casting skin, there are no signs of excessive wear whatsoever in spite of the torque transmission between the lamina 4 and the teeth 3 of the spline toothing. The durability of the flange 1 of the invention made of cast aluminum was shown by menas of various stress tests.
Figure 2 shows a top view onto the outer casing surface 2 of the flange 1 on which the teeth 3 of the spline toothing have been made. The flanks 7 of the teeth 3 do not thereby extend parallel with a centre of rotation 9 of the flange 1 but are inclined at an angle of 1.5~ thereto. Opposite flanks 7 of the same tooth 3 thus comprise an angle ~ of 3~. The inclination of the flank 7 of the teeth 3 relative to the centre of rotation 9 of the flange 1 is shown greatly enlarged in Figure 2 to better illustrate it. In reality, the incline of the flanks cannot be seen with the naked eye.
On the left side of Figure 2, a section of a tooth 6 of the lamina 4 is shown which is supported with its flank 8 on the flank 7 of the left tooth 3. An annular clutch disc 10 and 11 is situated on each of the two sides of the lamina 1, one of said discs being used to drive forward and the other to drive backward. To release the clutch disc 10, the set consisting of the lamina 4 and the clutch discs 10 and 11 is shifted axially in direction of arrow 12. This movement is produced by the force of a cup spring (not shown) and promoted by the running off of the lamina 6 from the inclined flanks 7 of the teeth 3. The teeth 6 of the lamina 4 consist of steel, while the flange 1 including the teeth 3 are made of cast aluminum.
However, since the flange 1 remains completely unfinished after the casting process and the flanks 7 of the teeth 3 are, as a result, still provided with a hard casting skin, there are no signs of excessive wear whatsoever in spite of the torque transmission between the lamina 4 and the teeth 3 of the spline toothing. The durability of the flange 1 of the invention made of cast aluminum was shown by menas of various stress tests.
Claims (3)
1. An epicyclic unit of a planet gear having a carrier which is provided with a journal to initiate the torque and a flange which is arranged coaxially to the carrier, said flange having, on its outer casing surface, a spline toothing for supporting a lamina of a coupling adapted thereto to divert the torque, whereby the carrier and the flange are coupled so as to be torsionally fixed and each receive a bearing pin of planet wheels which are arranged axially parallel between the carrier and the flange, characterized therein that the carrier and the flange (1) are made of cast aluminum and that the spline toothing of the flange (1) is completely unfinished.
2. An epicyclic unit according to claim 1, characterized therein that the opposite flanks (7) of each tooth (3) of the spline toothing comprise an angle .alpha. of 2° to 4° vis-à-vis one another and that the bisector of the angle between the flanks (7) of each tooth (3) extends parallel to the longitudinal axis (9) of the flange (1) and of the carrier.
3. An epicyclic unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized therein that the lamina (4) can be moved axially to open the coupling in the direction in which the teeth (3) of the spline toothing taper.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19648124A DE19648124A1 (en) | 1996-11-21 | 1996-11-21 | Planet carrier of a planetary gear |
| DE19648124.4-12 | 1996-11-21 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2221597A1 true CA2221597A1 (en) | 1998-05-21 |
Family
ID=7812296
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002221597A Abandoned CA2221597A1 (en) | 1996-11-21 | 1997-11-20 | Epicyclic unit of a planet gear |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0844417A3 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2221597A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE19648124A1 (en) |
| HU (1) | HUP9702171A3 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8613687B2 (en) | 2009-06-04 | 2013-12-24 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Planetary gearbox having nested planetary gear stages |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19945242A1 (en) * | 1999-09-21 | 2001-03-22 | Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen | Method of manufacturing a planet carrier |
| DE10043564A1 (en) * | 2000-09-01 | 2002-03-14 | Flender A F & Co | Planet carrier for a planetary gear |
| DE10064917A1 (en) * | 2000-12-23 | 2002-06-27 | Ina Schaeffler Kg | Planet carrier for transmissions, especially automatic transmissions or powershift transmissions |
| DE102006049229A1 (en) | 2006-10-18 | 2008-04-30 | Lucas Automotive Gmbh | Electric parking brake actuator with planetary gear |
| DE102007023952A1 (en) * | 2007-05-23 | 2008-11-27 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Planetary gear set for automatic gearing of vehicle, has planet carrier with multiple planetary gears mounted on planet shaft, and center gear with oil supply channel, where planet carrier has recess that is provided as oil pocket |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS53134160A (en) * | 1977-04-28 | 1978-11-22 | Toyota Motor Corp | Gearing device in automatic transmission gear box for automobile |
| DE3347058A1 (en) * | 1983-12-24 | 1985-07-04 | Fichtel & Sachs Ag, 8720 Schweinfurt | Drive hub for cycles or the like |
| JPH0674835B2 (en) * | 1986-03-27 | 1994-09-21 | マテックス株式会社 | Casing mounting structure for planetary gear unit |
-
1996
- 1996-11-21 DE DE19648124A patent/DE19648124A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1997
- 1997-11-18 EP EP97120161A patent/EP0844417A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-11-20 HU HU9702171A patent/HUP9702171A3/en unknown
- 1997-11-20 CA CA002221597A patent/CA2221597A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8613687B2 (en) | 2009-06-04 | 2013-12-24 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Planetary gearbox having nested planetary gear stages |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0844417A3 (en) | 1999-06-30 |
| HUP9702171A2 (en) | 1998-09-28 |
| DE19648124A1 (en) | 1998-06-18 |
| EP0844417A2 (en) | 1998-05-27 |
| HU9702171D0 (en) | 1998-01-28 |
| HUP9702171A3 (en) | 1999-09-28 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued |