CA2189968A1 - Pipe junction and device for producing the same - Google Patents
Pipe junction and device for producing the sameInfo
- Publication number
- CA2189968A1 CA2189968A1 CA002189968A CA2189968A CA2189968A1 CA 2189968 A1 CA2189968 A1 CA 2189968A1 CA 002189968 A CA002189968 A CA 002189968A CA 2189968 A CA2189968 A CA 2189968A CA 2189968 A1 CA2189968 A1 CA 2189968A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- tube
- recess
- exhaust gas
- tube piece
- neck
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/033—Deforming tubular bodies
- B21D26/037—Forming branched tubes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
- B21C37/15—Making tubes of special shape; Making tube fittings
- B21C37/28—Making tube fittings for connecting pipes, e.g. U-pieces
- B21C37/29—Making branched pieces, e.g. T-pieces
- B21C37/294—Forming collars by compressing a fluid or a yieldable or resilient mass in the tube
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L41/00—Branching pipes; Joining pipes to walls
- F16L41/02—Branch units, e.g. made in one piece, welded, riveted
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
- Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
- Branch Pipes, Bends, And The Like (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
In a weld-free pipe junction having at least two inlets (E) and one outlet (A), the outlet (A) is formed by a neck (4) shaped in the side wall of a pipe (1,1') whose ends (2,3) form both inlets (E). A device for producing such a pipe junction from a pipe (1,1') by high pressure inner forming has the following characteristics: a forging die is engraved with a first recess (6) for receiving a pipe (1,1') and with a second recess (11) that opens into the first recess; two axial male dies (7) are provided in the first recess (6), and at least one of the male dies (7) has a duct (8) for supplying a pressurised medium (9) to the inside of the pipe (1,1') laid into the first recess; an opposite male die (12) is guided in the second recess (11).
Description
Exhaust Ga~ ~Sanlfold or a Multl-Cyllnder Engine The present invention relates to an exhaust gas manifold for a multi-cylinder en~ine, whlch passes the exhaust gas of several cyllnders to a common outlet, and ls made without any weld seam, in that lt is formed rom a tube plece with at least one neck formed in the side wall o the tube plece.
Such an exhaust gas manifold ls dlsclosed in the ~apanese patenl:
~l?plication 62-206216- In this known~exhaust gas manifold, two necks are formed in the side wall of a straight tube piec~; these neclcs, after having been provided with openings, s~rve as exhaust gas inlets of the exhaust gas manifold. One oL t~le two open ends serves as the outlet of the exhaust gas maniold.
In this exhaust gas manifold, it has proven to be a disadvantage that lt is only suitab~e for bringing together the exhaust gas of adjacent cylinders. It is unsuitable, for example, for bringing together the =
exhaust gas o cyllnders l and 4 of a four-cyllnder in-llne engine, as is desirable or high-performance engines, to increase thelr perormance; thls is because it would not be posslble to lnstall a second exhaust gas manlfold which brings together the exhaust gas of cylinders 2 and 3.
Furthermore, other tube junctions ormed in the most varied ways are also known. For example, the German utility model 9100867 describes a tube junction in which two tube segments which have been flatten~d on , 2 1 ~9~8 ~ ~ --2--one side at the end and which rest against each other are inserted into a larger ~tube. In the tube ~unction known ~rom the European patent application 192995, a main tube has an incision into which the end of another tube segment, which is formed accordingly, opens; ~he tube segment is -~nnP~-tPd with the main tube by welding. The German Offenlegungsschrift ~2283i2 describes a tube junction in which a tube segment is inserte~l, at its end, into a neck which is mechanically produced in a tube elbow. In all three known tube junctions, it is a disadvantage that they are composed of two~or three separate par~s.
This results in signi~icant production costs. One of the reasons these costs are so high is that the parts to be connected with each other must fit precisely relative to one another, and must be aligned correctly with one another, so that sufficient mechanical strength and a leak-proo~ seal o:E the tube junction is guaranteed.
In exhaust gas manifDlds known ~rom car racing, which are formed as a tube ~unction, a hole is cut in the outside wall~f a pre-bent tube, generally using a laser cutter, and a correspondingly adapted tube is welded into it. Such tube junctions suffer from the same disadvantages as those described above.
Tube ~unctions produced i~rom two hal~ shells are also expensive to produce, because of the long weld seams which connect the two half shells with each other.
~nother tube junction is descri~ed in the German patent 4103083. This known tube ~unction proceeds from a tube piece which has been hydrostatically transformed, especially widened, a.d subsequently been , _ . ~ ' , .
2~899~8 .
converted to a double tube in certain regions, by being lndented. In this known tube junction it i9 disadvantageous that the arrangement of the two inlets cannot be freely selected; instead, the two inlet6 are always very closely adjacent.
In the article "E~ydrostatic forming o~ tubing produces complex parts"
(57 Automation 10 (1963.06), p. 84/85), the method o~ hydrostatic forming is explained in connection with different hollow elements, and the formation o~ a neck in the wall of a bent tube piece is also preeented .
The present invention is based on the task of creating a light, stable exhaust gas manifold ~of the type stated initially, which can be easily and inexpensively produced, in which the arrangement of the at least two inlets can be selected in almost any way desired, relative to one another. The background for this statement oi task is, in particular, the available space for the installation of exhaust gas manifolds structured as tube junctions in internal combustion engines, since this space is often limited.
In accordance with the present invention, this task is acco~Tplished by means of an exhaust gas mani~old for a multi-cylinder engine, which passes the exhaust gas of several cylinders to a common outlet, and is made without any weld seam, in that it is formed from a tube piece with at least one neck formed in the side wall of the tube piece, where the tube piece is bent in such a way that its two ends serve as inlets, where the neck serves as a common outlet. The exhaust gas manifold according to the present invention therefore consists of a ;_ ' . ~ .
2~ B~968 single component. It is not necessary to ~oin to~ether several components, in an expensive process, in order to produce the exhaust gas manifold according to the invention. Accordingly, the latter also does not hav~ any kind of weld seams or similar features. It is therefore absolutely sealed; and there is no weakening of the material due to weld seams. The exhaust gas manifold according to the invention can there~ore also be produced from a material which is not well suited or not at all suited for welding. Furthermore, the two inlets formed by the ends of the tube piece can possess almost any desired aLLC~ relative to one another, by bending the tube piece accordingly. By making it po6sible to arrange the two inlets in any desired way relative to one another, the invention particularly permits making available an inexpensive, light exhaust gas manifold, in which tbe exhaust gas of cylinders 1 and 4 of a four-cylinder in-line engine, which are far apart ~rom one another, is brought together. To produce an exhaust gas manifold according to the invention with three or more inlets, it is practical if the inlets over and above the two formed by the ends of the tube piece are formed by necks formed in the side wall of the tube piece "
The exhaust gas system of a four-cyiinder engine can comprise two e;shaust gas manifolds according to the invention, each of which combines two cylinders with one another - cylinders 1 and 4, i.e. 2 and 3 in the case of a four-cylinder in-line engine. ~owever, a combination of a manifold according to the invention for cylinders 1 and 4 with one for cylinders 2 and 3 having a conventional structure is also possible.
s In the sense of~ the present applicatlon, "tube" and '~tube segment" are not understood to :mean only those with a clrcular cross-section.
Tubes or tube 6egments with different cross-sections (e.g rectangular, oval, polygonal~ can also be used within the framework of the invention. Furthermore, it is not precluded that the cross-section changes over the length of the tube piece (e.g. widens, narrows, is constricted in places).
To produce the exhaust gas manifold according to the invention, it is practical if the neck which later serves as an outlet is introduced into the tube piece by means of the method of interior high pressure deformation (I~V) . It i8 especially preferred in this connection if the tube piece is bent in such a way, before the neck is formed, that its two ends which later serve as an inlet ~iave essentially their final position reIative to one another, and if the progression of the tube piece, between the subsequent inlets and the subse~uent outlet, already corresponds to the final progression. For interior high pressure deformation, such a pre-bent tube piece is then placed in a forging die which has a first recess to hold the pre-bent tube piece, as well as a second recess=which opens up into this first recess, in its impression. During the process of interior high pressure deformation, the tube piece is deformea lnto the second recess, in order to form the outlet. It is practical in this connection if the formation of the neck into the second recess o~ the forging die takes place under the control of a counter-punch. The counter-punch retracts in a defined manner, as the neck is formed in the second recess. In this way, overly rapid formation of the neck, with a correspondingl~ ~reat ~ecrea~;è in wall thickness, is avoided.
..
., ,~
-.
Instead, the formation o the neck takes place so slowly, because of the defined counter-force of the counter-punch, that the tuoe piece can be followed up from one or both ends. For corresponding swaging of the tube piece during interior high pressure deformation, at least one axial punch which can be moved in the i~irst recess is provided, which exerts an axiai force on the end of the tube segment assigned to it, so that material flows into the deformation region of the neck.
~or the production of additional necks which can serve as additional inlets, a corresponding number of: third recesses which open into the first recess can be provided in the forging die.
A device suitable for production of the exhaust gas manifold according to the invention has the following characteristics:
- A forging die has an impression with a ~irst recess to hold a tube piece, and a second recess which opens into the first reces 8;
- two axial punches are provided in the first recess, at least one of which has a line bore to feed a pressure medium into the i~terior of t~Q tube piece placed into the first recess; ~=
- a counter-punch which can be moved is located in the second recess.
A significant characteristic of this device is therefore the counter-punch provided in the second recess, which ensures controlled formation of the neck during interior high pressure deformation, in the manner descrlbed above and explained in greater detail below. ~he ~1 89~68 forging die consists o~ two or more mold parts, depending on the final shape of the tuoe junction.
The retraction of the counter-punch as formation of the neck progresses can take place against the force of a spring element.
Also, retraction of the counter-punch as a function of time or o~ th~
pressure prevailing inside the tube piece, controlled by means of a corresponding aevice, is also possible.
It i8 practical if at least one of the two axial punches of the device described is guidcd so that it can be moved in the first rece6s during intérior high pressure deformation, so that the assigned end of the tube piece can be ~ollowed up during interior high pressure deformation, in accordance with the formation of the neck. A follow-up device acts on this movable axial punch. This device can be path-controlled, for example; this means that the axial punch is moved a pre-determined path distance as a fixed function of the pressure prevailing in the tuhe piece. Furthermore,~ force control is also possible, in which a defined force swaging the tube piece is applied to the axial punch. Furthermore, a combined path-force control can be provided to move the axial punch. Finally, it i8 also possible to use the escape path of the counter-punch or the force acting on it as the input value for controlling the movement of the axial punch. Also, the force acting on a punch can be controlled as the function of the displacement path of any ~other~ punch; this holds true both for one or both axial puncbes and for the counter-punch or counter-punches in /
2~ ~9968 .
the case oi several necks. Control o~ the movable punch(es) is not, however, compul60ry.
In order to make the displacement movement of the counter-punch in the ~orging die possikle, the second recess preferably has a cylindrical segment in which the counter-punch is guided. ~he same thing hold6 true for the first recess, iE one or both axial punches are 6upposed to be movable, in order to be able to push in the end of the tube piece assigned to them during the process o~ interior high pressure deformation.
In the following, the invention will be explained in greater detail using the drawings. These show:
Fig. 1 to ~: various btages ~uring the production oi an exemplary embodiment of the exhaust gas mani~old according to the in~/ention, and Fig. 5: a cross-section through a device suitable for~production oi the exhaust gas manifold according to the invention.
A tube piece 1 (Fig~. 1) serves as the starting material i~or the production of the exhaust gas manifold (Fig. 4) . The tube piece 1 is bent in a known bending device, in such a way that its two ends 2, 3, which are ~ n~n~ to form the inlets F of the ~inished tube ~unction tFig. 4), take on practically their iinal posltion relative to one another. In the pre-bent tube piece 1' (Fig. 2), the progression of the tuke piece between the two ends also corretponds essentially to the :Einal progressio .
21 8~968 g ~he pre-bent tube piece 1' i8 now placed into the forging die of a device in which the neck 4 (Fig. 3) is formed in the side wall of the pre-bent tube segment 1'. For this purpose, the forging die has an mpression with a first recess, which is adapted to the shape of the pre-bent tube piece 1', and a second recess, into which the neck 4 is supposed to be formed. ~o form the neck, the pre-bent tube plece 1' i8 defQrmed by means Qf the method of interior high pressure deformation. For this purpose, a pressure medium is introduced into the tube piece, in known manner. As the pressure inside the tube piece increases, it deforms in the region of the secQnd recess of the forging die, forming the neck 4.
After thç tube piece 1'' (Fig. 3) was removed from the forging die, after the process of lnterior high pressure deformation was completed, the "cap" S of the neck 4 is cut of, 80 that the outlet A (Fig. 4~ of the finished tube lunction is formed. Depending on ~urther use, the inlet~ E and the outlet A of the tube iunction can be ~itted with flanges after the~ deformation process is finished.
Fig. ~; illustrates the iorging die C: of a device in which interiQr high pres~ure deformation of a tube piece to i~orm a neck takes place.
In the left ha~ o~ Fi~. 5, the ~e-/ice i~ oh~ bee~r~ the ~t~rt o~
2~ 8~q68 -lD -deformation of the tube piece, while it is 6hown at the end of the deformation proce6s in the right haif. - ~ -The forging~ die 6hown in Fi~. 5 6erve6 for~deformation of a 6traight,not pre-bent tube piece 1. Accordingly, the fir6t rece66 6 i6 6tructured to be 6traight. Within it, two axial punches 7 are guided to move in it9 longitudinal direction. They each posses6 a bore 8, one of which 6erve6 to feed a pre66ure medium 9 into the tube piece 1, and the other of which 6erve6 for 6imultaneou6 ventilation. The axial punches 7 form a tight seal with the assigned end6 of the tube piece 1, by mqan6 of a corre6pondingly 6tructured 6ealing surface 10 .
The 6econd rece66 11 open6 into the fir6t rece66 6. The counter-punch 12 i6 guided to move in the for~er. ~ 6pring element - not 6hown -acts on the counter-punch 12, placing pres6ure on the counter-punch in the direction of the tube piece 1 placed in the first reces6 6.
If the pre6sure medium 9 inside the tube piece 1 i6 placed under su:Eficiently high pressure, the out6ide wall of the tube piece 1 deform6 into the 6econd rece6s 11, so that the neck 4 i6 formed there.
If deformation of the tube piece has progre6sed 60 i~ar that the wall of the tube piece 1 rests against the face 13 of the counter-punch 12, the counter-punch 12 is shifted as the deformation continues, against the force of the spring acting on it. In other words, the neck ~, which con6tantly enlarge6 during the process of interior high pre66ure deformation, pushe6 the counter-punch 12 ahead of it6elf. Because of the counter-force acting on the counter-punch, the result achieved i6 that the deformation takes place 610wly; thls means that sueficient 21 899~8 materlal cau flow into the (~r ~nrr~7tion region bec~use Qf the follow-up produced by the axial~ punches ', . The fQlLow-up of tlle axiàl punches 7, takes place by means of a separate follow-up device, not shown. A
defined follow-up force is applied tQ both axial punches by means of 'hig device, a~ ~ funcCi~n oi ~he p~essure ~f ~ re~ure ~dism 9 i.
Such an exhaust gas manifold ls dlsclosed in the ~apanese patenl:
~l?plication 62-206216- In this known~exhaust gas manifold, two necks are formed in the side wall of a straight tube piec~; these neclcs, after having been provided with openings, s~rve as exhaust gas inlets of the exhaust gas manifold. One oL t~le two open ends serves as the outlet of the exhaust gas maniold.
In this exhaust gas manifold, it has proven to be a disadvantage that lt is only suitab~e for bringing together the exhaust gas of adjacent cylinders. It is unsuitable, for example, for bringing together the =
exhaust gas o cyllnders l and 4 of a four-cyllnder in-llne engine, as is desirable or high-performance engines, to increase thelr perormance; thls is because it would not be posslble to lnstall a second exhaust gas manlfold which brings together the exhaust gas of cylinders 2 and 3.
Furthermore, other tube junctions ormed in the most varied ways are also known. For example, the German utility model 9100867 describes a tube junction in which two tube segments which have been flatten~d on , 2 1 ~9~8 ~ ~ --2--one side at the end and which rest against each other are inserted into a larger ~tube. In the tube ~unction known ~rom the European patent application 192995, a main tube has an incision into which the end of another tube segment, which is formed accordingly, opens; ~he tube segment is -~nnP~-tPd with the main tube by welding. The German Offenlegungsschrift ~2283i2 describes a tube junction in which a tube segment is inserte~l, at its end, into a neck which is mechanically produced in a tube elbow. In all three known tube junctions, it is a disadvantage that they are composed of two~or three separate par~s.
This results in signi~icant production costs. One of the reasons these costs are so high is that the parts to be connected with each other must fit precisely relative to one another, and must be aligned correctly with one another, so that sufficient mechanical strength and a leak-proo~ seal o:E the tube junction is guaranteed.
In exhaust gas manifDlds known ~rom car racing, which are formed as a tube ~unction, a hole is cut in the outside wall~f a pre-bent tube, generally using a laser cutter, and a correspondingly adapted tube is welded into it. Such tube junctions suffer from the same disadvantages as those described above.
Tube ~unctions produced i~rom two hal~ shells are also expensive to produce, because of the long weld seams which connect the two half shells with each other.
~nother tube junction is descri~ed in the German patent 4103083. This known tube ~unction proceeds from a tube piece which has been hydrostatically transformed, especially widened, a.d subsequently been , _ . ~ ' , .
2~899~8 .
converted to a double tube in certain regions, by being lndented. In this known tube junction it i9 disadvantageous that the arrangement of the two inlets cannot be freely selected; instead, the two inlet6 are always very closely adjacent.
In the article "E~ydrostatic forming o~ tubing produces complex parts"
(57 Automation 10 (1963.06), p. 84/85), the method o~ hydrostatic forming is explained in connection with different hollow elements, and the formation o~ a neck in the wall of a bent tube piece is also preeented .
The present invention is based on the task of creating a light, stable exhaust gas manifold ~of the type stated initially, which can be easily and inexpensively produced, in which the arrangement of the at least two inlets can be selected in almost any way desired, relative to one another. The background for this statement oi task is, in particular, the available space for the installation of exhaust gas manifolds structured as tube junctions in internal combustion engines, since this space is often limited.
In accordance with the present invention, this task is acco~Tplished by means of an exhaust gas mani~old for a multi-cylinder engine, which passes the exhaust gas of several cylinders to a common outlet, and is made without any weld seam, in that it is formed from a tube piece with at least one neck formed in the side wall of the tube piece, where the tube piece is bent in such a way that its two ends serve as inlets, where the neck serves as a common outlet. The exhaust gas manifold according to the present invention therefore consists of a ;_ ' . ~ .
2~ B~968 single component. It is not necessary to ~oin to~ether several components, in an expensive process, in order to produce the exhaust gas manifold according to the invention. Accordingly, the latter also does not hav~ any kind of weld seams or similar features. It is therefore absolutely sealed; and there is no weakening of the material due to weld seams. The exhaust gas manifold according to the invention can there~ore also be produced from a material which is not well suited or not at all suited for welding. Furthermore, the two inlets formed by the ends of the tube piece can possess almost any desired aLLC~ relative to one another, by bending the tube piece accordingly. By making it po6sible to arrange the two inlets in any desired way relative to one another, the invention particularly permits making available an inexpensive, light exhaust gas manifold, in which tbe exhaust gas of cylinders 1 and 4 of a four-cylinder in-line engine, which are far apart ~rom one another, is brought together. To produce an exhaust gas manifold according to the invention with three or more inlets, it is practical if the inlets over and above the two formed by the ends of the tube piece are formed by necks formed in the side wall of the tube piece "
The exhaust gas system of a four-cyiinder engine can comprise two e;shaust gas manifolds according to the invention, each of which combines two cylinders with one another - cylinders 1 and 4, i.e. 2 and 3 in the case of a four-cylinder in-line engine. ~owever, a combination of a manifold according to the invention for cylinders 1 and 4 with one for cylinders 2 and 3 having a conventional structure is also possible.
s In the sense of~ the present applicatlon, "tube" and '~tube segment" are not understood to :mean only those with a clrcular cross-section.
Tubes or tube 6egments with different cross-sections (e.g rectangular, oval, polygonal~ can also be used within the framework of the invention. Furthermore, it is not precluded that the cross-section changes over the length of the tube piece (e.g. widens, narrows, is constricted in places).
To produce the exhaust gas manifold according to the invention, it is practical if the neck which later serves as an outlet is introduced into the tube piece by means of the method of interior high pressure deformation (I~V) . It i8 especially preferred in this connection if the tube piece is bent in such a way, before the neck is formed, that its two ends which later serve as an inlet ~iave essentially their final position reIative to one another, and if the progression of the tube piece, between the subsequent inlets and the subse~uent outlet, already corresponds to the final progression. For interior high pressure deformation, such a pre-bent tube piece is then placed in a forging die which has a first recess to hold the pre-bent tube piece, as well as a second recess=which opens up into this first recess, in its impression. During the process of interior high pressure deformation, the tube piece is deformea lnto the second recess, in order to form the outlet. It is practical in this connection if the formation of the neck into the second recess o~ the forging die takes place under the control of a counter-punch. The counter-punch retracts in a defined manner, as the neck is formed in the second recess. In this way, overly rapid formation of the neck, with a correspondingl~ ~reat ~ecrea~;è in wall thickness, is avoided.
..
., ,~
-.
Instead, the formation o the neck takes place so slowly, because of the defined counter-force of the counter-punch, that the tuoe piece can be followed up from one or both ends. For corresponding swaging of the tube piece during interior high pressure deformation, at least one axial punch which can be moved in the i~irst recess is provided, which exerts an axiai force on the end of the tube segment assigned to it, so that material flows into the deformation region of the neck.
~or the production of additional necks which can serve as additional inlets, a corresponding number of: third recesses which open into the first recess can be provided in the forging die.
A device suitable for production of the exhaust gas manifold according to the invention has the following characteristics:
- A forging die has an impression with a ~irst recess to hold a tube piece, and a second recess which opens into the first reces 8;
- two axial punches are provided in the first recess, at least one of which has a line bore to feed a pressure medium into the i~terior of t~Q tube piece placed into the first recess; ~=
- a counter-punch which can be moved is located in the second recess.
A significant characteristic of this device is therefore the counter-punch provided in the second recess, which ensures controlled formation of the neck during interior high pressure deformation, in the manner descrlbed above and explained in greater detail below. ~he ~1 89~68 forging die consists o~ two or more mold parts, depending on the final shape of the tuoe junction.
The retraction of the counter-punch as formation of the neck progresses can take place against the force of a spring element.
Also, retraction of the counter-punch as a function of time or o~ th~
pressure prevailing inside the tube piece, controlled by means of a corresponding aevice, is also possible.
It i8 practical if at least one of the two axial punches of the device described is guidcd so that it can be moved in the first rece6s during intérior high pressure deformation, so that the assigned end of the tube piece can be ~ollowed up during interior high pressure deformation, in accordance with the formation of the neck. A follow-up device acts on this movable axial punch. This device can be path-controlled, for example; this means that the axial punch is moved a pre-determined path distance as a fixed function of the pressure prevailing in the tuhe piece. Furthermore,~ force control is also possible, in which a defined force swaging the tube piece is applied to the axial punch. Furthermore, a combined path-force control can be provided to move the axial punch. Finally, it i8 also possible to use the escape path of the counter-punch or the force acting on it as the input value for controlling the movement of the axial punch. Also, the force acting on a punch can be controlled as the function of the displacement path of any ~other~ punch; this holds true both for one or both axial puncbes and for the counter-punch or counter-punches in /
2~ ~9968 .
the case oi several necks. Control o~ the movable punch(es) is not, however, compul60ry.
In order to make the displacement movement of the counter-punch in the ~orging die possikle, the second recess preferably has a cylindrical segment in which the counter-punch is guided. ~he same thing hold6 true for the first recess, iE one or both axial punches are 6upposed to be movable, in order to be able to push in the end of the tube piece assigned to them during the process o~ interior high pressure deformation.
In the following, the invention will be explained in greater detail using the drawings. These show:
Fig. 1 to ~: various btages ~uring the production oi an exemplary embodiment of the exhaust gas mani~old according to the in~/ention, and Fig. 5: a cross-section through a device suitable for~production oi the exhaust gas manifold according to the invention.
A tube piece 1 (Fig~. 1) serves as the starting material i~or the production of the exhaust gas manifold (Fig. 4) . The tube piece 1 is bent in a known bending device, in such a way that its two ends 2, 3, which are ~ n~n~ to form the inlets F of the ~inished tube ~unction tFig. 4), take on practically their iinal posltion relative to one another. In the pre-bent tube piece 1' (Fig. 2), the progression of the tuke piece between the two ends also corretponds essentially to the :Einal progressio .
21 8~968 g ~he pre-bent tube piece 1' i8 now placed into the forging die of a device in which the neck 4 (Fig. 3) is formed in the side wall of the pre-bent tube segment 1'. For this purpose, the forging die has an mpression with a first recess, which is adapted to the shape of the pre-bent tube piece 1', and a second recess, into which the neck 4 is supposed to be formed. ~o form the neck, the pre-bent tube plece 1' i8 defQrmed by means Qf the method of interior high pressure deformation. For this purpose, a pressure medium is introduced into the tube piece, in known manner. As the pressure inside the tube piece increases, it deforms in the region of the secQnd recess of the forging die, forming the neck 4.
After thç tube piece 1'' (Fig. 3) was removed from the forging die, after the process of lnterior high pressure deformation was completed, the "cap" S of the neck 4 is cut of, 80 that the outlet A (Fig. 4~ of the finished tube lunction is formed. Depending on ~urther use, the inlet~ E and the outlet A of the tube iunction can be ~itted with flanges after the~ deformation process is finished.
Fig. ~; illustrates the iorging die C: of a device in which interiQr high pres~ure deformation of a tube piece to i~orm a neck takes place.
In the left ha~ o~ Fi~. 5, the ~e-/ice i~ oh~ bee~r~ the ~t~rt o~
2~ 8~q68 -lD -deformation of the tube piece, while it is 6hown at the end of the deformation proce6s in the right haif. - ~ -The forging~ die 6hown in Fi~. 5 6erve6 for~deformation of a 6traight,not pre-bent tube piece 1. Accordingly, the fir6t rece66 6 i6 6tructured to be 6traight. Within it, two axial punches 7 are guided to move in it9 longitudinal direction. They each posses6 a bore 8, one of which 6erve6 to feed a pre66ure medium 9 into the tube piece 1, and the other of which 6erve6 for 6imultaneou6 ventilation. The axial punches 7 form a tight seal with the assigned end6 of the tube piece 1, by mqan6 of a corre6pondingly 6tructured 6ealing surface 10 .
The 6econd rece66 11 open6 into the fir6t rece66 6. The counter-punch 12 i6 guided to move in the for~er. ~ 6pring element - not 6hown -acts on the counter-punch 12, placing pres6ure on the counter-punch in the direction of the tube piece 1 placed in the first reces6 6.
If the pre6sure medium 9 inside the tube piece 1 i6 placed under su:Eficiently high pressure, the out6ide wall of the tube piece 1 deform6 into the 6econd rece6s 11, so that the neck 4 i6 formed there.
If deformation of the tube piece has progre6sed 60 i~ar that the wall of the tube piece 1 rests against the face 13 of the counter-punch 12, the counter-punch 12 is shifted as the deformation continues, against the force of the spring acting on it. In other words, the neck ~, which con6tantly enlarge6 during the process of interior high pre66ure deformation, pushe6 the counter-punch 12 ahead of it6elf. Because of the counter-force acting on the counter-punch, the result achieved i6 that the deformation takes place 610wly; thls means that sueficient 21 899~8 materlal cau flow into the (~r ~nrr~7tion region bec~use Qf the follow-up produced by the axial~ punches ', . The fQlLow-up of tlle axiàl punches 7, takes place by means of a separate follow-up device, not shown. A
defined follow-up force is applied tQ both axial punches by means of 'hig device, a~ ~ funcCi~n oi ~he p~essure ~f ~ re~ure ~dism 9 i.
Claims
Claim Exhaust gas manifold for a multi-cylinder engine, which passes the exhaust gas of several cylinders to a common outlet (A), and is made without any weld seam, in that it is formed from a tube piece (1, 1') with at least one neck (4) formed in the side wall of the tube piece, characterized in that the tube piece (1, 1') is bent in such a way that its two ends (2, 3) serve as inlets (E), with the neck (4) serving as a common outlet (A).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE9407812U DE9407812U1 (en) | 1994-05-11 | 1994-05-11 | Pipe junction and device for their manufacture |
| DEG9407812.2U | 1994-05-11 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2189968A1 true CA2189968A1 (en) | 1995-11-23 |
Family
ID=6908521
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002189968A Abandoned CA2189968A1 (en) | 1994-05-11 | 1995-05-09 | Pipe junction and device for producing the same |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0759120B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE160847T1 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9507686A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2189968A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE9407812U1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0759120T3 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1995031635A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0733788B1 (en) * | 1995-02-24 | 2002-07-17 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Manifold for an internal combustion engine |
| DE19530056B4 (en) * | 1995-08-16 | 2004-09-09 | Schuler Hydroforming Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method and device for producing T-shaped or at least one dome-like hollow body |
| DE19546509A1 (en) * | 1995-12-13 | 1997-06-19 | Zeuna Staerker Kg | Exhaust manifold and process for its manufacture |
| JP3419195B2 (en) * | 1996-04-10 | 2003-06-23 | Ｊｆｅエンジニアリング株式会社 | Bulge processing method and apparatus |
| DE19632888A1 (en) * | 1996-08-16 | 1998-02-19 | Rieter Ingolstadt Spinnerei | Open-end spinning device and method for producing a transport channel |
| DE19653463C2 (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 1998-11-19 | Daimler Benz Ag | Method and device for bulging elongated hollow profiles |
| DE19733476C2 (en) * | 1997-08-02 | 1999-08-19 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Process for the production of an appropriate mounting location on a hollow profile |
| DE19733474C2 (en) * | 1997-08-02 | 1999-12-09 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Method and device for producing secondary shaped elements on hollow profiles |
| DE19752772C2 (en) | 1997-11-28 | 1999-09-02 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Process for producing an air-gap-insulated exhaust pipe provided with a branch connection |
| DE19805172C2 (en) | 1998-02-10 | 2001-06-07 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Device for hydroforming a workpiece |
| DE19816244A1 (en) * | 1998-04-11 | 1999-10-21 | Schulz Gmbh Wilhelm | Housings for pipeline fittings and processes for their manufacture |
| DE19839353C1 (en) * | 1998-08-28 | 1999-11-11 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Pressure forming method for hollow profile workpiece |
| DE10162440A1 (en) * | 2001-12-19 | 2003-07-03 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | forming press |
| BRPI0414991B1 (en) | 2003-10-02 | 2017-05-30 | Behr Gmbh & Co Kg | car heat exchanger |
| DE102013113728A1 (en) | 2013-12-09 | 2015-06-11 | Bürkert SAS | Control head of a fluid-controlling or measuring device, fluid-controlling or measuring device and method for producing a control head |
| CN107309320A (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2017-11-03 | 柳州科瑞科技有限公司 | A kind of left-right asymmetry formula threeway forming high pressure in pipe equipment |
| CN107234160A (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2017-10-10 | 柳州科瑞科技有限公司 | A kind of symmetrical formula threeway forming high pressure in pipe equipment |
| CN116078856B (en) * | 2023-02-08 | 2023-08-15 | 沧州泰昌管道装备有限公司 | Forming die of tee bend |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6186029A (en) * | 1984-10-02 | 1986-05-01 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Bending and bulging working method of pipe |
| DE3506183A1 (en) * | 1985-02-22 | 1986-08-28 | Friedrich Boysen Gmbh & Co Kg, 7272 Altensteig | EXHAUST MANIFOLD |
| JPS62206216A (en) * | 1986-03-05 | 1987-09-10 | Sango:Kk | Manufacture of exhaust manifold for internal combustion engine |
| JPH0651209B2 (en) * | 1987-04-16 | 1994-07-06 | 勝輝 荒木 | Hydraulic bulge processing method |
| JPH074629B2 (en) * | 1987-04-30 | 1995-01-25 | 鋼管加工株式会社 | Bulge forming method for long pipes |
| US4864978A (en) * | 1987-10-27 | 1989-09-12 | Mitsui & Co., Ltd. | Manifold and manufacturing method thereof |
| DE59400065D1 (en) * | 1993-05-03 | 1996-02-01 | Volkswagen Ag | Pipe elbow |
-
1994
- 1994-05-11 DE DE9407812U patent/DE9407812U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1995
- 1995-05-09 AT AT95920807T patent/ATE160847T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-05-09 EP EP95920807A patent/EP0759120B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-05-09 CA CA002189968A patent/CA2189968A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-05-09 DK DK95920807.5T patent/DK0759120T3/en active
- 1995-05-09 BR BR9507686A patent/BR9507686A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-05-09 WO PCT/EP1995/001749 patent/WO1995031635A1/en active IP Right Grant
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DK0759120T3 (en) | 1998-03-02 |
| MX9604744A (en) | 1998-05-31 |
| ATE160847T1 (en) | 1997-12-15 |
| BR9507686A (en) | 1997-09-23 |
| DE9407812U1 (en) | 1994-07-21 |
| EP0759120A1 (en) | 1997-02-26 |
| EP0759120B1 (en) | 1997-12-03 |
| WO1995031635A1 (en) | 1995-11-23 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| FZDE | Discontinued | ||
| FZDE | Discontinued |
Effective date: 20010509 |