CA2187841C - Process for preparing aqueous dispersion of higher fatty acid zinc salt - Google Patents
Process for preparing aqueous dispersion of higher fatty acid zinc salt Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2187841C CA2187841C CA002187841A CA2187841A CA2187841C CA 2187841 C CA2187841 C CA 2187841C CA 002187841 A CA002187841 A CA 002187841A CA 2187841 A CA2187841 A CA 2187841A CA 2187841 C CA2187841 C CA 2187841C
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- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- fatty acid
- higher fatty
- aqueous dispersion
- acid
- zinc oxide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- -1 fatty acid zinc salt Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- LHIJANUOQQMGNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N aminoethylethanolamine Chemical compound NCCNCCO LHIJANUOQQMGNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 32
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 17
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical class C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229940117927 ethylene oxide Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007499 fusion processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LSHROXHEILXKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-[2-[2-[2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethylamino]ethylamino]ethyl]ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCNCCN LSHROXHEILXKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229960002969 oleic acid Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- ULQISTXYYBZJSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 12-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCC(O)CCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O ULQISTXYYBZJSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nonylphenol Natural products CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000005215 alkyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DDXLVDQZPFLQMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M dodecyl(trimethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C DDXLVDQZPFLQMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XMHIUKTWLZUKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexacosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O XMHIUKTWLZUKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UTOPWMOLSKOLTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octacosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UTOPWMOLSKOLTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 2
- VHOCUJPBKOZGJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacontanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O VHOCUJPBKOZGJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N (2r,3r,4s)-2-[(1r)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940114072 12-hydroxystearic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MDEDENRMBJWPAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanol;formic acid;octadecanoic acid Chemical compound OC=O.OCCN(CCO)CCO.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O MDEDENRMBJWPAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021357 Behenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005632 Capric acid (CAS 334-48-5) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005635 Caprylic acid (CAS 124-07-2) Substances 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethenol Chemical compound OC=C IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerol Natural products OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021353 Lignoceric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CQXMAMUUWHYSIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lignoceric acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 CQXMAMUUWHYSIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N Linoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AUIHGOYKJPLJLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;n-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]octadecanamide Chemical compound CC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NCCN(CC)CC AUIHGOYKJPLJLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940100198 alkylating agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002168 alkylating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N alpha-linolenic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000020661 alpha-linolenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940116226 behenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JBIROUFYLSSYDX-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzododecinium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 JBIROUFYLSSYDX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- FARYTWBWLZAXNK-WAYWQWQTSA-N ethyl (z)-3-(methylamino)but-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)\C=C(\C)NC FARYTWBWLZAXNK-WAYWQWQTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- VKOBVWXKNCXXDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N icosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O VKOBVWXKNCXXDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004232 linoleic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960004488 linolenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N linolenic acid Natural products CC=CCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002763 monocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UDGSVBYJWHOHNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N n',n'-diethylethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCN UDGSVBYJWHOHNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- APVPOHHVBBYQAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyloctadecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 APVPOHHVBBYQAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960002446 octanoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 1
- WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-XLNAKTSKSA-N ricinelaidic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC[C@@H](O)C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-XLNAKTSKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003656 ricinoleic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ricinoleic acid Natural products CCCCCCC(O[Si](C)(C)C)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000003441 saturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/02—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides from salts of carboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/41—Preparation of salts of carboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C53/00—Saturated compounds having only one carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom or hydrogen
- C07C53/126—Acids containing more than four carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C57/00—Unsaturated compounds having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C57/02—Unsaturated compounds having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms with only carbon-to-carbon double bonds as unsaturation
- C07C57/03—Monocarboxylic acids
- C07C57/12—Straight chain carboxylic acids containing eighteen carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C59/00—Compounds having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and containing any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, groups, groups, or groups
- C07C59/01—Saturated compounds having only one carboxyl group and containing hydroxy or O-metal groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C59/00—Compounds having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and containing any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, groups, groups, or groups
- C07C59/40—Unsaturated compounds
- C07C59/42—Unsaturated compounds containing hydroxy or O-metal groups
- C07C59/44—Ricinoleic acid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K23/00—Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K23/00—Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
- C09K23/16—Amines or polyamines
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Colloid Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
A process for preparing an aqueous dispersion of a higher fatty acid zinc salt which comprises adding a molten higher fatty acid to an aqueous dispersion of zinc oxide and reacting the higher fatty acid with the zinc oxide in the presence of a surfactant or a water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol with stirring while the aqueous dispersion is maintained at a tempereature that is higher than the melting point of the higher fatty acid used.
Description
HIGHER FATTY ACID ZINC SALT
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field of the Invention This invention relates to a process for preparing an aqueous dispersion of higher fatty acid zinc salt. More particularly, the invention relates to a wet direct precipitating process for preparing a low viscosity aqueous dispersion of higher fatty acid zinc salt having a small particle size in high yields.
Description of the Prior Art An aqueous dispersion of a metallic soap has been heretofofe produced by first preparing a metallic soap and then dispersing the metallic soap in water in the presence of a surfactant. For industrial use, the metallic soap is produced mainly by a wet double decomposition process. In this process, an aqueous solution of the appropriate metal salt is added to an aqueous solution of sodium salt of a fatty acid, thereby precipitating the water-insoluble metallic salt. The process by-produces a large amount of water-soluble inorganic sodium salt. Accordingly, it is necessary that, after the reaction, the resulting metallic soap is fully washed with a large quantity of water to remove the inorganic sodium salt from the metallic soap.
Moreover, as mentioned hereinabove, an aqueous dispersion of a metallic soap is produced by first preparing a metallic soap in this manner and then dispersing the metallic soap in water in the presence of a surfactant by means of a high ~18~$~1 performance agitator or a homogenizer. Under these circumstances, the conventional process for the preparation of aqueous dispersion of a metallic soap invloves many steps and the production cost is inevitably expensive. In addition, the resulting dispersion not only comprises a metallic soap which has a large particle size and poor dispersibility but also has a high viscosity.
Other processes for the preparation of metallic soaps such as a dry direct fusion process or a wet direct Precipitating process are also known. In the dry direct fusion process, a higher fatty acid is directly reacted with a metal compound at a high temperature. The process has a drawback that the resulting metallic soap suffers from thermal deterioration. The wet direct precipitating 1~5 process is a process in which a fatty acid is first dispersed in water, and then a metal oxide or hydroxide is added to the dispersion so that the fatty acid reacts directly with the metal oxide or hydroxide. The process has an advantage that no water-soluble salt is by-produced 2~ contrast to the wet double decomposition process. The wet direct precipitating process has a further advantage that high temperature reactions are not needed so that the resulting metallic soap does not suffer from thermal deterioration, contrast to the dry direct fusion process.
25 However, according to the known wet direct precipitating process, it is difficult to complete the reaction between a higher fatty acid and a metal oxide.
Therefore, the known process employs the metal oxide in excess so that the unreacted free higher fatty acid does 30 not remain in the reaction mixture after the reaction. In consequence, the resulting aqueous dispersion of metallic soap has a low purity of the metallic soap.
SUMMAKY OF THE INVENTION
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field of the Invention This invention relates to a process for preparing an aqueous dispersion of higher fatty acid zinc salt. More particularly, the invention relates to a wet direct precipitating process for preparing a low viscosity aqueous dispersion of higher fatty acid zinc salt having a small particle size in high yields.
Description of the Prior Art An aqueous dispersion of a metallic soap has been heretofofe produced by first preparing a metallic soap and then dispersing the metallic soap in water in the presence of a surfactant. For industrial use, the metallic soap is produced mainly by a wet double decomposition process. In this process, an aqueous solution of the appropriate metal salt is added to an aqueous solution of sodium salt of a fatty acid, thereby precipitating the water-insoluble metallic salt. The process by-produces a large amount of water-soluble inorganic sodium salt. Accordingly, it is necessary that, after the reaction, the resulting metallic soap is fully washed with a large quantity of water to remove the inorganic sodium salt from the metallic soap.
Moreover, as mentioned hereinabove, an aqueous dispersion of a metallic soap is produced by first preparing a metallic soap in this manner and then dispersing the metallic soap in water in the presence of a surfactant by means of a high ~18~$~1 performance agitator or a homogenizer. Under these circumstances, the conventional process for the preparation of aqueous dispersion of a metallic soap invloves many steps and the production cost is inevitably expensive. In addition, the resulting dispersion not only comprises a metallic soap which has a large particle size and poor dispersibility but also has a high viscosity.
Other processes for the preparation of metallic soaps such as a dry direct fusion process or a wet direct Precipitating process are also known. In the dry direct fusion process, a higher fatty acid is directly reacted with a metal compound at a high temperature. The process has a drawback that the resulting metallic soap suffers from thermal deterioration. The wet direct precipitating 1~5 process is a process in which a fatty acid is first dispersed in water, and then a metal oxide or hydroxide is added to the dispersion so that the fatty acid reacts directly with the metal oxide or hydroxide. The process has an advantage that no water-soluble salt is by-produced 2~ contrast to the wet double decomposition process. The wet direct precipitating process has a further advantage that high temperature reactions are not needed so that the resulting metallic soap does not suffer from thermal deterioration, contrast to the dry direct fusion process.
25 However, according to the known wet direct precipitating process, it is difficult to complete the reaction between a higher fatty acid and a metal oxide.
Therefore, the known process employs the metal oxide in excess so that the unreacted free higher fatty acid does 30 not remain in the reaction mixture after the reaction. In consequence, the resulting aqueous dispersion of metallic soap has a low purity of the metallic soap.
SUMMAKY OF THE INVENTION
The invention has been completed to solve the problems involved in the production of aqueous dispersion of metallic soaps as mentioned above. Accordingly, it is an object of the inventors to provide a proces for preparing a low viscosity aqueous dispersion of higher fatty acid zinc salt having a small particle size in high yields.
The invention provides a process for preparing an aqueous dispersion of a higher fatty acid zinc salt which comprises adding a molten higher fatty acid to an aqueous dispersion of zinc oxide and reacting the higher fatty acid with the zinc oxide in the presence of a surfactant or a water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol with stirring while the aqueous dispersion or the reaction mixture is maintained at a tempereature that is higher than the melting point of the higher fatty acid used.
DETRILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The higher fatty acid used in the invention is a saturated or unsaturated monocarboxylic acid having from 8-30 carbons. Therefore, the higher fatty acid includes, for example, saturated fatty acids such as caprylic acid, caproic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid, cerotic acid, montanic acid or melissic acid; and unsaturated fatty acids such as oleic acid, linolic acid or linolenic acid. The higher fatty acid used in the invention may have hydroxyl, carbonyl or epoxy groups in the molecule. Thus, the higher fatty acid used further includes, for example, ricinoleic acid or 12-hydroxystearic acid. Among the above mentioned, myristic acid, palmitic acid or stearic acid, or a mixture of two or more is in particular preferred.
The surfactant used may be either cationic, nonionic or anionic. The cationic surfactant used includes, for example, higher alkylamine salts (such as acetates or hy.drochlorides), ethylene oxide adducts~to higher alkylamines, condensates of higher fatty acid and polyalkylenepolyamine (such as condensates of oleic acid and pentaethylenehexamine), salts of esters of higher fatty acids and alkanolamines (such as triethanolamine stearate formate (Soromin*A-type available from B.A.S.F.(1.G.)), salts of higher fatty acid amides (such as stearamidoethyl-diethylamine acetate (Sapamin*A-type available from Ciba-Geigy), salts prepared by condensing higher fatty acids and aminoethylethanolamine under heat followed by bonding urea thereto and neutralizing the resulting condensate Faith acetic acid (such as Ahcovel*A- or G-type cationic surfactants available from Ciba- Geigy), imidazoline-type cationic surfactants (such as 2-heptadecenylhydroxy>ethyliaaidazoline;
Amine 0~'available from Ciba-Geigy), (higher alkyl)t:rimethyl-ammonium salts (such as lauryltrimethylammonium chloride), (higher alkyl)dimethylbenzylammonium salts (such as lauryl-dimethylbenzylammonium chloride), quaternary ammonium salts of higher fatty acid amides (such as products produced by quaternating tertiary amines derived from N,N-diethyl-ethylenediamine and higher fatty acids with alkylating agents (such as Sapamin*MS or Sapamin 8CH available from Ciba-Geigy; Catanack"SN available from American Cyan;~mid Co.) and alkylpyridinium salts.
The nonionic surfactant used includes, for example, ethylene oxide adducts to higher alcohols such as lauryl alcohol, ethylene oxide adducts to higher alkylphenols such as nonylphenol, ethyleneoxide adducts to fatty acids, ethylene oxide adducts to polyhydric alcohol farry acid esters, ethylene oxide adducts to higher alkylamines, ethylene oxide adducts to fatty acid amides, ethylene oxide adducts to fats and oils; ethylene oxide adducts to polypropylene glycol, glycerine fatty acid esters, pentaerythritol fatty acid esters, sorbitol or sorbitan *Trade-mark fatty acid esters, sucrose fatty acid esters, polyhydric alcohol alkylether and fatty acid amides of alka:nol amines.
The anionic surfactant used includes, for ~axample, higher alcohol sulfates, higher alkyl ether sulf,3tes, 5 sulfonated oils, sulfonated fatty acid esters, sulfonated olefins, alkylbenzenesulfonates, alkylnaphthalemssulfonates, parrafin sulfonates, Igepon*T (available fro~a B.A.S.F.(I.G.), Aerosol*OT available from American Cyanamid Co.;l and higher alcohol phospates.
Among the above mentioned, cationic surfactnts are particularly preferred since the resulting higher fatty acid zinc salt is very fine and the resulting 'dispersion thereof has a very low viscosity.
A water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol may be used as a dispersant in place of the above mentioned.surfac:tants.
Namely, according to the invention, an aqueous diispersion of a higher fatty acid zinc salt is prepared by adding a molten higher fatty acid to an aqueous dispersion of zinc oxide and reacting the higher fatty acid with the zinc oxide in the presence of a surfactant or polyvinyl alcohol with stirring while the aqueous dispersion of zinc oxide or the reaction mixture is maintained at a tempereatvre that is higher than the melting point of the higher fatty acid used.
Zinc oxide is used in an amount of 0.45-O.EiS moles per mole of the higher fatty acid used. The surfactant or polyvinyl alcohol is used usually in an amount of 2-15% by weight, preferably in an amount of 5-10% by weight, based on the higher fatty acid used. The amount of water used as a reaction medium is not specifically limited, but it is usually in the range of one to three times the. weight of the resulting higher fatty acid zinc salt.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, zinc oxide is first dispersed in water, and the dispersion is heated to and maintained at a temperature that is higher *Trade-mark than the melting point of the higher fatty acid used, and then a molten higher fatty acid is added gradually to the dispersion with effective stirring, thereby reacting the higher fatty acid with zinc oxide in the presence of a surfactant or polyvinyl alcohol.
It is preferred that after the completion of the addition of the molten higher fatty acid, the resulting reaction mixture is stirred over a period of further several hours while the reaction mixture is maintained at a temperature that is higher than the melting point of the higher fatty acid used. The upper limit of the teaction temperature is not specifically limited, however, it is usually about 110°C. The reaction is carried out usually under normal pressures, however, it may be carried out under reduced or increased pressures, if necessary.
According to the invention, the higher fatty acid zinc salt is obtained usually in a yield as high as 95-99%, and there is obtained in a stable manner a 30-50~
concentration aqueous dispersion of higher fatty acid zinc salt having an average particle size of 0.5-5 a m, in a preferred embodiment, an average particle size of 1.0-2.0 a m.
As set forth above, the process of the invention readily provides an aqueous dispersion of higher fatty acid zinc salt having a small particle size in high yields.
The dispersion is stable and has a low viscosity. The aqueous dispersion is suitable for use as a lubricant incorporated in a coating for the production of coated paper to prevent dusting or flouring, or as a viscosity stabilizer for the coating.
The invention will be now described with reference to examples, however, the examples are illustrative only and the invention is not limited thereto.
The invention provides a process for preparing an aqueous dispersion of a higher fatty acid zinc salt which comprises adding a molten higher fatty acid to an aqueous dispersion of zinc oxide and reacting the higher fatty acid with the zinc oxide in the presence of a surfactant or a water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol with stirring while the aqueous dispersion or the reaction mixture is maintained at a tempereature that is higher than the melting point of the higher fatty acid used.
DETRILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The higher fatty acid used in the invention is a saturated or unsaturated monocarboxylic acid having from 8-30 carbons. Therefore, the higher fatty acid includes, for example, saturated fatty acids such as caprylic acid, caproic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid, cerotic acid, montanic acid or melissic acid; and unsaturated fatty acids such as oleic acid, linolic acid or linolenic acid. The higher fatty acid used in the invention may have hydroxyl, carbonyl or epoxy groups in the molecule. Thus, the higher fatty acid used further includes, for example, ricinoleic acid or 12-hydroxystearic acid. Among the above mentioned, myristic acid, palmitic acid or stearic acid, or a mixture of two or more is in particular preferred.
The surfactant used may be either cationic, nonionic or anionic. The cationic surfactant used includes, for example, higher alkylamine salts (such as acetates or hy.drochlorides), ethylene oxide adducts~to higher alkylamines, condensates of higher fatty acid and polyalkylenepolyamine (such as condensates of oleic acid and pentaethylenehexamine), salts of esters of higher fatty acids and alkanolamines (such as triethanolamine stearate formate (Soromin*A-type available from B.A.S.F.(1.G.)), salts of higher fatty acid amides (such as stearamidoethyl-diethylamine acetate (Sapamin*A-type available from Ciba-Geigy), salts prepared by condensing higher fatty acids and aminoethylethanolamine under heat followed by bonding urea thereto and neutralizing the resulting condensate Faith acetic acid (such as Ahcovel*A- or G-type cationic surfactants available from Ciba- Geigy), imidazoline-type cationic surfactants (such as 2-heptadecenylhydroxy>ethyliaaidazoline;
Amine 0~'available from Ciba-Geigy), (higher alkyl)t:rimethyl-ammonium salts (such as lauryltrimethylammonium chloride), (higher alkyl)dimethylbenzylammonium salts (such as lauryl-dimethylbenzylammonium chloride), quaternary ammonium salts of higher fatty acid amides (such as products produced by quaternating tertiary amines derived from N,N-diethyl-ethylenediamine and higher fatty acids with alkylating agents (such as Sapamin*MS or Sapamin 8CH available from Ciba-Geigy; Catanack"SN available from American Cyan;~mid Co.) and alkylpyridinium salts.
The nonionic surfactant used includes, for example, ethylene oxide adducts to higher alcohols such as lauryl alcohol, ethylene oxide adducts to higher alkylphenols such as nonylphenol, ethyleneoxide adducts to fatty acids, ethylene oxide adducts to polyhydric alcohol farry acid esters, ethylene oxide adducts to higher alkylamines, ethylene oxide adducts to fatty acid amides, ethylene oxide adducts to fats and oils; ethylene oxide adducts to polypropylene glycol, glycerine fatty acid esters, pentaerythritol fatty acid esters, sorbitol or sorbitan *Trade-mark fatty acid esters, sucrose fatty acid esters, polyhydric alcohol alkylether and fatty acid amides of alka:nol amines.
The anionic surfactant used includes, for ~axample, higher alcohol sulfates, higher alkyl ether sulf,3tes, 5 sulfonated oils, sulfonated fatty acid esters, sulfonated olefins, alkylbenzenesulfonates, alkylnaphthalemssulfonates, parrafin sulfonates, Igepon*T (available fro~a B.A.S.F.(I.G.), Aerosol*OT available from American Cyanamid Co.;l and higher alcohol phospates.
Among the above mentioned, cationic surfactnts are particularly preferred since the resulting higher fatty acid zinc salt is very fine and the resulting 'dispersion thereof has a very low viscosity.
A water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol may be used as a dispersant in place of the above mentioned.surfac:tants.
Namely, according to the invention, an aqueous diispersion of a higher fatty acid zinc salt is prepared by adding a molten higher fatty acid to an aqueous dispersion of zinc oxide and reacting the higher fatty acid with the zinc oxide in the presence of a surfactant or polyvinyl alcohol with stirring while the aqueous dispersion of zinc oxide or the reaction mixture is maintained at a tempereatvre that is higher than the melting point of the higher fatty acid used.
Zinc oxide is used in an amount of 0.45-O.EiS moles per mole of the higher fatty acid used. The surfactant or polyvinyl alcohol is used usually in an amount of 2-15% by weight, preferably in an amount of 5-10% by weight, based on the higher fatty acid used. The amount of water used as a reaction medium is not specifically limited, but it is usually in the range of one to three times the. weight of the resulting higher fatty acid zinc salt.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, zinc oxide is first dispersed in water, and the dispersion is heated to and maintained at a temperature that is higher *Trade-mark than the melting point of the higher fatty acid used, and then a molten higher fatty acid is added gradually to the dispersion with effective stirring, thereby reacting the higher fatty acid with zinc oxide in the presence of a surfactant or polyvinyl alcohol.
It is preferred that after the completion of the addition of the molten higher fatty acid, the resulting reaction mixture is stirred over a period of further several hours while the reaction mixture is maintained at a temperature that is higher than the melting point of the higher fatty acid used. The upper limit of the teaction temperature is not specifically limited, however, it is usually about 110°C. The reaction is carried out usually under normal pressures, however, it may be carried out under reduced or increased pressures, if necessary.
According to the invention, the higher fatty acid zinc salt is obtained usually in a yield as high as 95-99%, and there is obtained in a stable manner a 30-50~
concentration aqueous dispersion of higher fatty acid zinc salt having an average particle size of 0.5-5 a m, in a preferred embodiment, an average particle size of 1.0-2.0 a m.
As set forth above, the process of the invention readily provides an aqueous dispersion of higher fatty acid zinc salt having a small particle size in high yields.
The dispersion is stable and has a low viscosity. The aqueous dispersion is suitable for use as a lubricant incorporated in a coating for the production of coated paper to prevent dusting or flouring, or as a viscosity stabilizer for the coating.
The invention will be now described with reference to examples, however, the examples are illustrative only and the invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1 5.95 g of zinc oxide was dispersed in 90 g of distilled water while 2.4 g of a condensate of oleic and pentaethylenehexamine (cationic surfactant) was dissolved therein. 35 g of stearic acid (m.p.: 56°C) was heated to about 70°C and the resulting molten stearic acid was added to the aqueous mixture gradually. Thereafter, the reaction mixture was stirred for three hours while it was maintained a t a tempera ture of 60 °C .
After the reaction, the reaction mixture was allowed to cool to normal temperatures, thereby providing an aqueous dispersion of zinc stearate. The yield of zinc stearate was found to be 95.7%. The dispersion was found to contain zinc stearate in 41.2% by weight and have a viscosity of 150 centipoises at 25°C. The average particle size of the zinc stearate was found to be 1.3 a m.
Example 2 An aqueous dispersion of zinc stearate was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 2.8 g of a condensate of palmitic acid and aminoethylethanolamine;
Ahcovel A-type) was used as a cationic surfactant. The yield of zinc stearate was found to be 96.1%.
The dispersion was found to contain zinc stearate in 39.4% by weight and have a viscosity of 130 centipoises at 25°C. The average particle size of the zinc stearate was found to be 1. 0 ,u m.
Example 3 An aqueous dispersion of zinc stearate was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a mixture of 1.0 g of a condensate of oleic acid and pentaethylene-hexamine and 1.6 g of a condensate of palmitic acid and aminoethylethanolamine; Ahcovel A-type) was used as a cationic surfactant. The yield of zinc stearate was found to be 95.8%.
The dispersion was found to contain zinc stearate in 40.5% by weight and have a viscosity of 110 centipoises at 25°C. The average particle size of the zinc stearate was found to be 1.1 a m.
Example 4 An aqueous dispersion of zinc stearate was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 3.0 g of dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride was used as a cationic surfactant. The yield of zinc stearate was found to be 99.1%.
The dispersion was found to contain zinc stearate in 40.2% by weight and have a viscosity of 110 centipoises at 25°C. The average particle size of the zinc stearate was found to be 1.2 a m.
Example 5 An aqueous dispersion of zinc stearate was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 4.0 g of an ethylene oxide (6 mole) adduct to lauryl alcohol (nonionic surfactant) was used in place of the cationic surfactant. The yield of zinc stearate was found to be 99. 0%.
The dispersion was found to contain zinc stearate in 40.1% by weight and have a viscosity of 350 centipoises at 25°C. The average particle size of the zinc stearate was found to be 2.0 a m.
Example 6 An aqueous dispersion of zinc stearate was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a mixture of 2.0 g of an ethylene oxide (6 mole) adduct to lauryl alcohol (nonionic surfactant) and 1.8 g of an ethylene oxide (10 mole) adduct to nonylphenol (nonionic surfactant) was used in place of the cationic surfactant. The yield of zinc stearate was found to be 99.2%.
The dispersion was found to contain zinc stearate in 41.3% by weight and have a viscosity of 270 centipoises at 25°C. The average particle size of the zinc stearate was found to be 2.8 a m.
Example 7 An aqueous dispersion of zinc stearate was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 2.0 g of sodium dodecyl sulfate (anionic surfactant) was used in place of the cationic surfactant. The yield of zinc stearate was found to be 97.3%.
The dispersion was found to contain zinc stearate in 40.9% by weight and have a viscosity of 410 centipoises at 25°C. The average particle size of the zinc stearate was found to be 2.3 ,u m.
Example 8 An aqueous dispersion of zinc stearate was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 2.35 g of polyvinyl alcohol having a saponification degree of about 88 mole % and an average polymerization degree of 800 (PA-05 available from Shin-etsu Poval) was used in place of the cationic surfactant. The yield of zinc stearate was found to be 99.3%.
The dispersion was found to contain zinc stearate in 38.7% by weight and have a viscosity of 290 centipoises at 25°C. The average particle size of the zinc stearate was found to be 1.3 ~tm.
After the reaction, the reaction mixture was allowed to cool to normal temperatures, thereby providing an aqueous dispersion of zinc stearate. The yield of zinc stearate was found to be 95.7%. The dispersion was found to contain zinc stearate in 41.2% by weight and have a viscosity of 150 centipoises at 25°C. The average particle size of the zinc stearate was found to be 1.3 a m.
Example 2 An aqueous dispersion of zinc stearate was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 2.8 g of a condensate of palmitic acid and aminoethylethanolamine;
Ahcovel A-type) was used as a cationic surfactant. The yield of zinc stearate was found to be 96.1%.
The dispersion was found to contain zinc stearate in 39.4% by weight and have a viscosity of 130 centipoises at 25°C. The average particle size of the zinc stearate was found to be 1. 0 ,u m.
Example 3 An aqueous dispersion of zinc stearate was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a mixture of 1.0 g of a condensate of oleic acid and pentaethylene-hexamine and 1.6 g of a condensate of palmitic acid and aminoethylethanolamine; Ahcovel A-type) was used as a cationic surfactant. The yield of zinc stearate was found to be 95.8%.
The dispersion was found to contain zinc stearate in 40.5% by weight and have a viscosity of 110 centipoises at 25°C. The average particle size of the zinc stearate was found to be 1.1 a m.
Example 4 An aqueous dispersion of zinc stearate was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 3.0 g of dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride was used as a cationic surfactant. The yield of zinc stearate was found to be 99.1%.
The dispersion was found to contain zinc stearate in 40.2% by weight and have a viscosity of 110 centipoises at 25°C. The average particle size of the zinc stearate was found to be 1.2 a m.
Example 5 An aqueous dispersion of zinc stearate was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 4.0 g of an ethylene oxide (6 mole) adduct to lauryl alcohol (nonionic surfactant) was used in place of the cationic surfactant. The yield of zinc stearate was found to be 99. 0%.
The dispersion was found to contain zinc stearate in 40.1% by weight and have a viscosity of 350 centipoises at 25°C. The average particle size of the zinc stearate was found to be 2.0 a m.
Example 6 An aqueous dispersion of zinc stearate was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a mixture of 2.0 g of an ethylene oxide (6 mole) adduct to lauryl alcohol (nonionic surfactant) and 1.8 g of an ethylene oxide (10 mole) adduct to nonylphenol (nonionic surfactant) was used in place of the cationic surfactant. The yield of zinc stearate was found to be 99.2%.
The dispersion was found to contain zinc stearate in 41.3% by weight and have a viscosity of 270 centipoises at 25°C. The average particle size of the zinc stearate was found to be 2.8 a m.
Example 7 An aqueous dispersion of zinc stearate was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 2.0 g of sodium dodecyl sulfate (anionic surfactant) was used in place of the cationic surfactant. The yield of zinc stearate was found to be 97.3%.
The dispersion was found to contain zinc stearate in 40.9% by weight and have a viscosity of 410 centipoises at 25°C. The average particle size of the zinc stearate was found to be 2.3 ,u m.
Example 8 An aqueous dispersion of zinc stearate was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 2.35 g of polyvinyl alcohol having a saponification degree of about 88 mole % and an average polymerization degree of 800 (PA-05 available from Shin-etsu Poval) was used in place of the cationic surfactant. The yield of zinc stearate was found to be 99.3%.
The dispersion was found to contain zinc stearate in 38.7% by weight and have a viscosity of 290 centipoises at 25°C. The average particle size of the zinc stearate was found to be 1.3 ~tm.
Claims (11)
1. A process for preparing an aqueous dispersion of a higher fatty acid zinc salt for use as a lubricant incorporated in a coating for producing coated paper to prevent dusting or flouring or as a viscosity stabilizer for the coating, which process comprises adding a molten higher fatty acid to an aqueous dispersion of zinc oxide and reacting the higher fatty acid with the zinc oxide in the presence of a cationic surfactant in an amount of 2-15% by weight based on the higher fatty acid with stirring while the aqueous dispersion is maintained at a temperature that is higher than the melting point of the higher fatty acid used, thereby providing a 30-50% concentration aqueous dispersion of the higher fatty acid zinc salt having an average particle size of 1.0-2.0 µm in a yield of 95-99% and a viscosity of 110 to 150 centipoise.
2. The process as claimed in claim 1, wherein zinc oxide is used in an amount of 0.45-0.65 moles per mole of the higher fatty acid.
3. The process as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the cationic surfactant is used in an amount of 5-15% by weight based on the higher fatty acid.
4. The process as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the higher fatty acid is at least one member selected from the group consisting of myristic acid, palmitic acid and stearic acid.
5. The process as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the fatty acid is stearic acid.
6. The process as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the cationic surfactant comprises a condensate of a higher fatty acid with a polyalkylenepolyamine, a condensate of palmitic acid with aminoethylethanolamine or a combination thereof.
7. A process for preparing an aqueous dispersion of a higher fatty acid zinc salt for use as a lubricant incorporated in a coating for producing coated paper to prevent dusting or flouring or as a viscosity stabilizer for the coating, which process comprises adding a molten higher fatty acid to an aqueous dispersion of zinc oxide and reacting the higher fatty acid with the zinc oxide in the presence of a water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol in an amount of 2-15% by weight based on the higher fatty acid with stirring while the aqueous dispersion is maintained at a temperature that is higher than the melting point of the higher fatty acid used, thereby providing a 30-50%
concentration aqueous dispersion of the higher fatty acid zinc salt having an average particle size of 1.0-2.0 µm in a yield of 95-99%.
concentration aqueous dispersion of the higher fatty acid zinc salt having an average particle size of 1.0-2.0 µm in a yield of 95-99%.
8. The process as claimed in claim 7, wherein zinc oxide is used in an amount of 0.45-0.65 moles per mole of the higher fatty acid.
9. The process as claimed in claim 7 or 8, wherein the polyvinyl alcohol is used in an amount of 5-15% by weight based on the higher fatty acid.
10. The process as claimed in claim 7, 8 or 9, wherein the higher fatty acid is at least one member selected from the group consisting of myristic acid, palmitic acid and stearic acid.
11. The process as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the temperature at which the dispersion is maintained is 110°C or less; and the reaction of the higher fatty acid with the zinc oxide is conducted under normal pressure.
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