CA2136578C - Composition and method for increasing the resistance of polyamide and polyester fibers to oxidizing agents - Google Patents
Composition and method for increasing the resistance of polyamide and polyester fibers to oxidizing agentsInfo
- Publication number
- CA2136578C CA2136578C CA002136578A CA2136578A CA2136578C CA 2136578 C CA2136578 C CA 2136578C CA 002136578 A CA002136578 A CA 002136578A CA 2136578 A CA2136578 A CA 2136578A CA 2136578 C CA2136578 C CA 2136578C
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- fibers
- composition according
- acid
- silicone elastomer
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Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/39—Aldehyde resins; Ketone resins; Polyacetals
- D06M15/423—Amino-aldehyde resins
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/643—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing silicon in the main chain
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
A composition for increasing the resistance of polyamide fibers or polyester fibers to oxidizing agents comprises silicon elastomer, melamine formaldehyde resin, a catalyst for complexing the melamine formaldehyde resin and water. The composition is used by applying it to the fibers so the fibers absorb the composition, and then drying and curing the composition on the fibers.
Description
COMPO8ITION AND METHOD FOR INc~r~ING THE RE~ISTANCE
OF POLY~Tn~ AND POLYESTER FIBERS TO OXIDIZING AGENT~
Field of the Invention The invention relates to compositions for treating polyester and polyamide fibers, such as nylon, to increase their resistance to oxidizing agents, such as hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite, and to methods of treating polyester and polyamide fibers using such compositions, and to the fibers so treated.
Background of the Invention Polyamide and polyester fibers have poor resistance to oxidizing agents, particularly to sodium hypochlorite. Polyester fibers and polyamide fibers, including all grades of nylon, lose strength after being in contact with sodium hypochlorite solution for a few hours.
In the manufacture of paper, polyester and nylon felts are used in the bleaching process and come into contact with oxidizing agents, especially hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite, which substantially lowers the useful life of the felts. Various solutions have been tried to overcome this problem. One is to treat the felt with chloro-resorcinol or chlororesorcinol formaldehyde, or a combination of chlororesorcinol and acid dyes. This improves the resistance of the felt to chlorine to a certain extent, but it does not have a useful effect against hydrogen peroxide. Another solution that has been tried is ~? / 3(D5 ~8 To apply melamine formaldehyde resin to the felti however, this treatment makes the felt very stiff.
Summary of the Invention The present invention provides a composition for use in treating polyester and polyamide fibers, such as nylon, in the form of felts, to increase their resistance to oxidizing agents. The compositions also render the fibers soft and prolong the useful life of felts used in paper-making.
In one aspect, the invention is a composition for treating polyester or polyamide fibers comprising melamine formaldehyde resin, silicone elastomer, a catalyst for complexing the melamine formaldehyde resin, and water. The composition can optionally include fluorochemicals or acid dyes The preferred concentration of melamine formaldehyde resin is 30-150 g/l of composition; of silicone elastomer 10-150 g/l; of catalyst 5-30 g/l; and of fluorochemical 5-25 g/l.
In another aspect, the invention is a method of treatment polyester and polyamide fibers using compositions comprising melamine formaldehyde resin, silicone elastomer, a catalyst for complexing the melamine formaldehyde resin and water. The fibers, e.g., in the form of a felt, are preferably immersed in a bath of the composition. They are then dried and cured.
al3~s~s In another aspect of the invention there is provided a felt for use in paper manufacture, said felt being formed of polyester or polyamide fibers, said fibers havinq been treated with a composition of the invention.
In still another aspect of the invention there is provided in a process of manufacturing paper employing a felt formed of polyester or polyamide fibers, which felt is exposed to a chemical oxidizing agent in a bleaching step, the improvement wherein the felt is pretreated with a composition of the invention.
- 2a -Detailed Description of the Invention Compositions according to the invention are prepared by dissolving in water melamine formaldehyde resin, silicone elastomer and a catalyst for complexing the formaldehyde resin. The pH of the composition is preferably adjusted to 7 or less, more preferably to pH 5 to 6.
The preferred melamine formaldehyde resin is methylated methylol melamine formaldehyde. The preferred concentration of melamine formaldehyde resin in the composition is 30-150 g/l.
The silicone elastomer can be anionic, non-ionic or cationic. Its preferred concentration in the composition is 10-150 g/l. The silicone elastomer is preferably one of the following types of composition: silicone oil emulsion;
an emulsion of modified silicone fluid; an organosiloxane amino functional compound; a polysiloxane derivative polymer; CH3(CH2)XSLYN2; a polymethyl hydrogenosiloxane amino functional compound; dimethyl (amino ethylamino propyl) methyl-polysiloxane. The solids content of the silicone elastomer solution is preferably 20-50% by weight.
The catalyst used is one which complexes the melamine formaldehyde. Its preferred concentration is 5-30 g/l of composition. It is preferably one of the following: salts of alkaline-earth metals; aluminum chloride solution; a solution of magnesium chloride and aluminum chloride.
The composition can optionally include a fluorochemical, i.e. a carbon-based polymer containing fluorine. The preferred concentration of fluorochemical in the composition is 5-50 g/l. The preferred solids content of the fluorochemical is 15-40% by weight.
The composition can optionally include a combination of three acid dyes, namely Acid Yellow, Acid Red and Acid Blue. The Acid Yellow dye is preferably one of the following: Acid Yellow 19, 25, 169 and 219. The Acid Red dye is preferably one of the following: Acid Red 42, 57, 337 and 361. The Acid Blue dye is preferably one of the following: Acid Blue 25, 27, 72, 258, 277 and 294. The preferred concentration of acid dyes in the composition is 0.1-0.2 g/l Acid Yellow, 0.1-0.2 g/l Acid Red and 0.01-0.03 g/l Acid Blue.
The composition can further optionally include an antiprecipitant dispersing agent. Such agent is preferably ethoxylated fatty amine or ethoxylated fatty alcohol. Its preferred concentration in the composition is 1-10 g/l.
Another embodiment of the invention is a method of treating polyester fibers and polyamide fibers, such as nylon felts, with compositions of the types described above.
The felt is preferably immersed in a bath of the composition until the felt is thoroughly wetted. Preferably between 30-200% by weight of the composition is absorbed by the felt, relative to the weight of the dry felt. The felt is then dried and is cured at an elevated temperature, preferably 330-350F. Drying and curing times depend on the weight, size and nature of the felt and on the solution employed.
In one embodiment of the method, an aqueous solution of three acid dyes, Acid Yellow, Acid Red and Acid Blue is prepared. The preferred concentration of the acid dyes is 0.14 g/l Acid Yellow, 0.14 g/l Acid Red and 0.014 g/l Acid Blue. The felt is immersed in this solution, dried, and then immersed in a bath of the composition as described above. The felt is then dried and cured as described above.
The following examples describe testing of fibers treated with prior art compositions and with compositions according to the invention.
Example 1 A 15 denier fiber of Nylon 6 was tested for break point and for elongation using an Instron model 1130 (trademark) testing machine. The break point was determined to be 80 g and the elongation 59.7%
The same fiber was immersed in 3% hydrogen peroxide solution for 75 hours at 175F, then rinsed, dried and tested as above.
Result:
BREAK 71.4 g ELONGATION 47.5 RETAINED STRENGTH 89.2 RETAINED ELONGATION 79.5 The same fiber was immersed in a 10% sodium hypochlorite solution for 75 hours at 175F, then rinsed, dried and tested as above.
Result:
BREAK 32.6 g ELONGATION 22.2%
RETAINED STRENGTH 40.8%
RETAINED ELONGATION 37.2 Example 2 A fiber as in Example 1 was immersed in a solution containing 15 g/l Mesitol NBS (novolak resin) and 35 g/l chlororesorcinol. The pick-up (weight of solution absorbed to weight of dry fiber) was 50%. The fiber was rinsed and dried. The treated fiber was tested after immersion in hydrogen peroxide solution as in Example 1.
BREAK 78.3 g ELONGATION 52.9%
RETAINED STRENGTH 97.8%
RETAINED ELONGATION 88.6%
The treated fiber was tested after immersion in sodium hypochlorite solution as in Example 1.
-BREAK 28 g ELONGATION 22%
RETAINED STRENGTH 35%
RETAINED ELONGATION 36.8%
5Example 3 A fiber as in Example 1 was immersed in a solution containing three acid dyes: 0.14 g/l Acid Yellow, 0.14 g/l Acid Red and 0.014 g/l Acid Blue. The pH was adjusted to 5. The pick-up was 50%. The fiber was then immersed in a second bath as in Example 2. The pick-up was 50%. The fiber was rinsed and dried. The treated fiber was tested after immersion in hydrogen peroxide solution as in Example 1.
BREAK 76.8 g 15ELONGATION 46%
RETAINED STRENGTH 96%
RETAINED ELONGATION 77%
The treated fiber was tested after immersion in sodium hypochlorite solution as in Example 1.
BREAK 28.7 g ELONGATION 24.5%
RETAINED STRENGTH 35.8%
RETAINED ELONGATION 41%
5Example 4 A fiber as in Example 1 was immersed in a bath containing 15 g/l Mesitol NBS and 35 g/l sulfonated resol resin. The pick-up was 50%. The fiber was dried.
The treated fiber was tested after immersion in hydrogen peroxide solution in accordance with Example 1.
BREAK 67.5 g ELONGATION 38.2%
RETAINED STRENGTH 84.3%
RETAINED ELONGATION 64%
The treated fiber was tested after immersion in sodium hypochlorite solution in accordance with Example 1.
BREAK 34.6 g ELONGATION 25.9%
RETAINED STRENGTH 43.2%
20RETAINED ELONGATION 43.3%
Example 5 A fiber as in Example 1 was treated with the three acid dyes as in Example 3. It was then immersed in a bath containing 15 g/l Mesitol NBS and 35 g/l sulfonated 5resol resin at pH 5. Pick-up was 50%. The fiber was dried.
The treated fiber was tested after immersion in hydrogen peroxide solution in accordance with Example 1.
BREAK 57 g ELONGATION 34.7%
10RETAINED STRENGTH 71.2%
RETAINED ELONGATION 58.1%
The treated fiber was tested after immersion in sodium hypochlorite solution in accordance with Example 1.
BREAK 34 g 15ELONGATION 27.5%
RETAINED STRENGTH 42.5%
RETAINED ELONGATION 46%
Example 6 A second sample of 15 denier fiber of Nylon 6 20having the same break point and elongation as in Example 1 was tested after immersion in hydrogen peroxide solution as in Example 1.
BREAK 72 g ELONGATION 47%
RETAINED STRENGTH 90%
RETAINED ELONGATION 78.7%
The fiber was tested after immersion in sodium hypochlorite solution as in Example 1.
BREAK 50 g ELONGATION 32%
RETAINED STRENGTH 62.5%
10RETAINED ELONGATION 53.6%
Example 7 A fiber as in Example 6 was immersed in a solution containing 35 g/l chlororesorcinol and 15 g/l sulfonated resol resin at pH 5. The pick-up was 50%. The 15fiber was dried.
The treated fiber was tested after immersion in hydrogen peroxide solution as in Example 1.
BREAK 44 g ELONGATION 30%
RETAINED STRENGTH 55%
RETAINED ELONGATION 50.2%
The treated fiber was tested after immersion in sodium hypochlorite solution as in Example 1.
BREAK 81.6 g ELONGATION 60.6%
RETAINED STRENGTH 102%
10RETAINED ELONGATION 101.5%
Example 8 A fiber as in Example 6 was immersed in a bath containing 35 g/l chlororesorcinol and 15 g/l sulfonated resol resin. The fiber was dried and then immersed in a bath containing 100 g/l melamine resin, 20 g/l catalyst and 35 g/l fluorochemicals. It was then dried and cured at 350F
for 90 seconds.
The treated fiber was tested in hydrogen peroxide solution as in Example 1.
BREAK 41 g ELONGATION 28%
RETAINED STRENGTH 51.2%
RETAINED ELONGATION 46.9%
The treated fiber was tested in sodium hypochlorite solution as in Example 1.
BREAK 74.4 g ELONGATION 56.8%
RETAINED STRENGTH 93%
10RETAINED ELONGATION 95.1%
Example 9 A third sample of 15 denier fiber of Nylon 6 having a break point of 75.6 g and an elongation of 72.6%
was tested after immersion in hydrogen peroxide solution as 15in Example 1.
BREAK 67.6 g ELONGATION 63.0%
RETAINED STRENGTH 89.4%
RETAINED ELONGATION 86.7%
The treated fiber was tested after immersion in sodium hypochlorite solution as in Example 1.
BREAK 56.8 g ELONGATION 53.5%
5RETAINED STRENGTH 75.1%
RETAINED ELONGATION 73.6%
Bxample 10 A fiber as in Example 9 was immersed in a solution of 100 g/l melamine resin and 20 g/l catalyst. The pick-up was 50%. The fiber was dried and cured at 330F for 90 seconds.
The treated fiber was tested after immersion in hydrogen peroxide solution as in Example 1.
BREAK 71.6 g ELONGATION 65.6%
RETAINED STRENGTH 94.7%
RETAINED ELONGATION 90.3%
The treated fiber was tested after immersion in sodium hypochlorite solution as in Example 1.
BREAK 62.5 g ELONGATION 52.2%
RETAINED STRENGTH 82.6%
RETAINED ELONGATION 71.9%
5Example 11 A fiber as in Example 9 was immersed in a bath containing 70 g/l melamine resin, 20 g/l catalyst, 25 g/l fluorochemical and 50 g/l silicone elastomer. It was dried and cured at 350F for 90 seconds.
The treated fiber was tested after immersion in hydrogen peroxide solution as in Example 1.
BREAK 75 g ELONGATION 82%
RETAINED STRENGTH 99.2%
RETAINED ELONGATION 112.9%
The treated fiber was tested after immersion in sodium hypochlorite solution as in Example 1.
BREAK 65.6 g ELONGATION 51.1%
RETAINED STRENGTH 86.7%
RETAINED ELONGATION 70.4%
5Example 12 A fiber as in Example 9 was immersed in a bath containing three acid dyestuffs, 100 g/l melamine resin, and 20 g/l catalyst. Pick-up was 50%. The fiber was dried and then cured at 330F for 90 seconds. The treated fiber was tested after immersion in hydrogen peroxide solution as in Example 1.
BREAK 74-9 g ELONGATION 81.1%
RETAINED STRENGTH 99.1%
15RETAINED ELONGATION 111.7%
The treated fiber was tested after immersion in sodium hypochlorite solution as in Example 1.
BREAK 61 g ELONGATION 45.2~
RETAINED STRENGTH 80.6%
RETAINED ELONGATION 62.2%
5Example 13 A fiber as in Example 9 was immersed in a solution of acid dyes as in Example 3. It was then dried and immersed in a bath containing 100 g/l melamine resin, 20 g/l catalyst and 50 g/l silicone elastomer. It was dried and then cured at 330F for 90 seconds. The treated fiber was tested after immersion in hydrogen peroxide solution as in Example 1.
BREAK 72.8 g ELONGATION 95.4%
15RETAINED STRENGTH 96.2%
RETAINED ELONGATION 131.4%
The treated fiber was tested after immersion in sodium hypochlorite solution as in Example 1.
21~6578 BREAK 69.4 g ELONGATION 70.7%
RETAINED STRENGTH 91.7%
RETAINED ELONGATION 97.3%
5Example 14 A fourth sample of 15 denier fiber of Nylon 6 having a break point of 86 g and an elongation of 68% was tested after immersion in hydrogen peroxide solution as in Example 1.
BREAK 78 g ELONGATION 69%
RETAINED STRENGTH 90.6%
RETAINED ELONGATION 101.4%
The same fiber was tested after immersion in sodium hypochlorite solution as in Example 1.
BREAK 52 g ELONGATION 34%
RETAINED STRENGTH 60.4%
RETAINED ELONGATION 50%
Bxample 15 A fiber as in Example 14 was immersed in a bath containing 100 g/l melamine resin, 20 g/l catalyst, 35 g/l fluorochemicals and 50 g/l silicone elastomer. The pick-up was 50%. The fiber was dried and cured. The treated fiber was tested after immersion in hydrogen peroxide solution as in Example 1.
BREAK 76 g ELONGATION 81%
10RETAINED STRENGTH 88.3%
RETAINED ELONGATION 119.1%
The treated fiber was tested after immersion in sodium hypochlorite solution as in Example 1.
BREAK 62 g 15ELONGATION 50%
RETAINED STRENGTH 72%
RETAINED ELONGATION 73.5%
Example 16 A fiber as in Example 14 was immersed in a solution containing three acid dyes as in Example 3 at pH 4.
The pick-up was 50%. The fiber was dried. The treated fiber was tested after immersion in hydrogen peroxide solution as in Example 1.
` 2~36578 BREAK 79.3 g ELONGATION 68%
RETAINED STRENGTH 92.2%
RETAINED ELONGATION 100%
The treated fiber was tested after immersion in sodium hypochlorite solution as in Example 1.
BREAK 45 g ELONGATION 34%
RETAINED STRENGTH 52.3%
10RETAINED ELONGATION 50%
Example 17 A fiber as in Example 14 was treated with three acid dyes as in Example 16. It was then dried and immersed in a bath containing 100 g/l melamine resin, 20 g/l catalyst, 25 g/l fluorochemicals and 50 g/l silicone elastomer. The treated fiber was tested after immersion in hydrogen peroxide solution as in Example 1.
` - 2136578 BREAK 81.2 g ELONGATION 88%
RETAINED STRENGTH 94.4%
RETAINED ELONGATION 129.4%
The treated fiber was tested after immersion in sodium hypochlorite solution as in Example 1.
BREAK 72 g ELONGATION 65%
RETAINED STRENGTH 83.7%
10RETAINED ELONGATION 95.5%
Example 18 A polyester filament is treated in a bath as in Example 15. The fiber is dried and cured. It is tested after immersion in hydrogen peroxide solution and sodium hypochlorite solution as in Example 1, with good results.
It was observed from the tests that treating the nylon fiber with chlororesorcinol, sulfonated novolak resin or sulfonated resol resin, or combinations of these three products, or with the three acid dyes, did not give satisfactory results. It was also observed that treatment with melamine resin alone or with the addition of fluorochemicals increased the stiffness of the fibers, did ` 2136578 not give optimum resistance to oxidizing agent, and also created some degree of water repellency on the nylon felt.
The polyamide and polyester fibers treated with the compositions claimed herein had good resistance to hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite and were soft and elastic.
OF POLY~Tn~ AND POLYESTER FIBERS TO OXIDIZING AGENT~
Field of the Invention The invention relates to compositions for treating polyester and polyamide fibers, such as nylon, to increase their resistance to oxidizing agents, such as hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite, and to methods of treating polyester and polyamide fibers using such compositions, and to the fibers so treated.
Background of the Invention Polyamide and polyester fibers have poor resistance to oxidizing agents, particularly to sodium hypochlorite. Polyester fibers and polyamide fibers, including all grades of nylon, lose strength after being in contact with sodium hypochlorite solution for a few hours.
In the manufacture of paper, polyester and nylon felts are used in the bleaching process and come into contact with oxidizing agents, especially hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite, which substantially lowers the useful life of the felts. Various solutions have been tried to overcome this problem. One is to treat the felt with chloro-resorcinol or chlororesorcinol formaldehyde, or a combination of chlororesorcinol and acid dyes. This improves the resistance of the felt to chlorine to a certain extent, but it does not have a useful effect against hydrogen peroxide. Another solution that has been tried is ~? / 3(D5 ~8 To apply melamine formaldehyde resin to the felti however, this treatment makes the felt very stiff.
Summary of the Invention The present invention provides a composition for use in treating polyester and polyamide fibers, such as nylon, in the form of felts, to increase their resistance to oxidizing agents. The compositions also render the fibers soft and prolong the useful life of felts used in paper-making.
In one aspect, the invention is a composition for treating polyester or polyamide fibers comprising melamine formaldehyde resin, silicone elastomer, a catalyst for complexing the melamine formaldehyde resin, and water. The composition can optionally include fluorochemicals or acid dyes The preferred concentration of melamine formaldehyde resin is 30-150 g/l of composition; of silicone elastomer 10-150 g/l; of catalyst 5-30 g/l; and of fluorochemical 5-25 g/l.
In another aspect, the invention is a method of treatment polyester and polyamide fibers using compositions comprising melamine formaldehyde resin, silicone elastomer, a catalyst for complexing the melamine formaldehyde resin and water. The fibers, e.g., in the form of a felt, are preferably immersed in a bath of the composition. They are then dried and cured.
al3~s~s In another aspect of the invention there is provided a felt for use in paper manufacture, said felt being formed of polyester or polyamide fibers, said fibers havinq been treated with a composition of the invention.
In still another aspect of the invention there is provided in a process of manufacturing paper employing a felt formed of polyester or polyamide fibers, which felt is exposed to a chemical oxidizing agent in a bleaching step, the improvement wherein the felt is pretreated with a composition of the invention.
- 2a -Detailed Description of the Invention Compositions according to the invention are prepared by dissolving in water melamine formaldehyde resin, silicone elastomer and a catalyst for complexing the formaldehyde resin. The pH of the composition is preferably adjusted to 7 or less, more preferably to pH 5 to 6.
The preferred melamine formaldehyde resin is methylated methylol melamine formaldehyde. The preferred concentration of melamine formaldehyde resin in the composition is 30-150 g/l.
The silicone elastomer can be anionic, non-ionic or cationic. Its preferred concentration in the composition is 10-150 g/l. The silicone elastomer is preferably one of the following types of composition: silicone oil emulsion;
an emulsion of modified silicone fluid; an organosiloxane amino functional compound; a polysiloxane derivative polymer; CH3(CH2)XSLYN2; a polymethyl hydrogenosiloxane amino functional compound; dimethyl (amino ethylamino propyl) methyl-polysiloxane. The solids content of the silicone elastomer solution is preferably 20-50% by weight.
The catalyst used is one which complexes the melamine formaldehyde. Its preferred concentration is 5-30 g/l of composition. It is preferably one of the following: salts of alkaline-earth metals; aluminum chloride solution; a solution of magnesium chloride and aluminum chloride.
The composition can optionally include a fluorochemical, i.e. a carbon-based polymer containing fluorine. The preferred concentration of fluorochemical in the composition is 5-50 g/l. The preferred solids content of the fluorochemical is 15-40% by weight.
The composition can optionally include a combination of three acid dyes, namely Acid Yellow, Acid Red and Acid Blue. The Acid Yellow dye is preferably one of the following: Acid Yellow 19, 25, 169 and 219. The Acid Red dye is preferably one of the following: Acid Red 42, 57, 337 and 361. The Acid Blue dye is preferably one of the following: Acid Blue 25, 27, 72, 258, 277 and 294. The preferred concentration of acid dyes in the composition is 0.1-0.2 g/l Acid Yellow, 0.1-0.2 g/l Acid Red and 0.01-0.03 g/l Acid Blue.
The composition can further optionally include an antiprecipitant dispersing agent. Such agent is preferably ethoxylated fatty amine or ethoxylated fatty alcohol. Its preferred concentration in the composition is 1-10 g/l.
Another embodiment of the invention is a method of treating polyester fibers and polyamide fibers, such as nylon felts, with compositions of the types described above.
The felt is preferably immersed in a bath of the composition until the felt is thoroughly wetted. Preferably between 30-200% by weight of the composition is absorbed by the felt, relative to the weight of the dry felt. The felt is then dried and is cured at an elevated temperature, preferably 330-350F. Drying and curing times depend on the weight, size and nature of the felt and on the solution employed.
In one embodiment of the method, an aqueous solution of three acid dyes, Acid Yellow, Acid Red and Acid Blue is prepared. The preferred concentration of the acid dyes is 0.14 g/l Acid Yellow, 0.14 g/l Acid Red and 0.014 g/l Acid Blue. The felt is immersed in this solution, dried, and then immersed in a bath of the composition as described above. The felt is then dried and cured as described above.
The following examples describe testing of fibers treated with prior art compositions and with compositions according to the invention.
Example 1 A 15 denier fiber of Nylon 6 was tested for break point and for elongation using an Instron model 1130 (trademark) testing machine. The break point was determined to be 80 g and the elongation 59.7%
The same fiber was immersed in 3% hydrogen peroxide solution for 75 hours at 175F, then rinsed, dried and tested as above.
Result:
BREAK 71.4 g ELONGATION 47.5 RETAINED STRENGTH 89.2 RETAINED ELONGATION 79.5 The same fiber was immersed in a 10% sodium hypochlorite solution for 75 hours at 175F, then rinsed, dried and tested as above.
Result:
BREAK 32.6 g ELONGATION 22.2%
RETAINED STRENGTH 40.8%
RETAINED ELONGATION 37.2 Example 2 A fiber as in Example 1 was immersed in a solution containing 15 g/l Mesitol NBS (novolak resin) and 35 g/l chlororesorcinol. The pick-up (weight of solution absorbed to weight of dry fiber) was 50%. The fiber was rinsed and dried. The treated fiber was tested after immersion in hydrogen peroxide solution as in Example 1.
BREAK 78.3 g ELONGATION 52.9%
RETAINED STRENGTH 97.8%
RETAINED ELONGATION 88.6%
The treated fiber was tested after immersion in sodium hypochlorite solution as in Example 1.
-BREAK 28 g ELONGATION 22%
RETAINED STRENGTH 35%
RETAINED ELONGATION 36.8%
5Example 3 A fiber as in Example 1 was immersed in a solution containing three acid dyes: 0.14 g/l Acid Yellow, 0.14 g/l Acid Red and 0.014 g/l Acid Blue. The pH was adjusted to 5. The pick-up was 50%. The fiber was then immersed in a second bath as in Example 2. The pick-up was 50%. The fiber was rinsed and dried. The treated fiber was tested after immersion in hydrogen peroxide solution as in Example 1.
BREAK 76.8 g 15ELONGATION 46%
RETAINED STRENGTH 96%
RETAINED ELONGATION 77%
The treated fiber was tested after immersion in sodium hypochlorite solution as in Example 1.
BREAK 28.7 g ELONGATION 24.5%
RETAINED STRENGTH 35.8%
RETAINED ELONGATION 41%
5Example 4 A fiber as in Example 1 was immersed in a bath containing 15 g/l Mesitol NBS and 35 g/l sulfonated resol resin. The pick-up was 50%. The fiber was dried.
The treated fiber was tested after immersion in hydrogen peroxide solution in accordance with Example 1.
BREAK 67.5 g ELONGATION 38.2%
RETAINED STRENGTH 84.3%
RETAINED ELONGATION 64%
The treated fiber was tested after immersion in sodium hypochlorite solution in accordance with Example 1.
BREAK 34.6 g ELONGATION 25.9%
RETAINED STRENGTH 43.2%
20RETAINED ELONGATION 43.3%
Example 5 A fiber as in Example 1 was treated with the three acid dyes as in Example 3. It was then immersed in a bath containing 15 g/l Mesitol NBS and 35 g/l sulfonated 5resol resin at pH 5. Pick-up was 50%. The fiber was dried.
The treated fiber was tested after immersion in hydrogen peroxide solution in accordance with Example 1.
BREAK 57 g ELONGATION 34.7%
10RETAINED STRENGTH 71.2%
RETAINED ELONGATION 58.1%
The treated fiber was tested after immersion in sodium hypochlorite solution in accordance with Example 1.
BREAK 34 g 15ELONGATION 27.5%
RETAINED STRENGTH 42.5%
RETAINED ELONGATION 46%
Example 6 A second sample of 15 denier fiber of Nylon 6 20having the same break point and elongation as in Example 1 was tested after immersion in hydrogen peroxide solution as in Example 1.
BREAK 72 g ELONGATION 47%
RETAINED STRENGTH 90%
RETAINED ELONGATION 78.7%
The fiber was tested after immersion in sodium hypochlorite solution as in Example 1.
BREAK 50 g ELONGATION 32%
RETAINED STRENGTH 62.5%
10RETAINED ELONGATION 53.6%
Example 7 A fiber as in Example 6 was immersed in a solution containing 35 g/l chlororesorcinol and 15 g/l sulfonated resol resin at pH 5. The pick-up was 50%. The 15fiber was dried.
The treated fiber was tested after immersion in hydrogen peroxide solution as in Example 1.
BREAK 44 g ELONGATION 30%
RETAINED STRENGTH 55%
RETAINED ELONGATION 50.2%
The treated fiber was tested after immersion in sodium hypochlorite solution as in Example 1.
BREAK 81.6 g ELONGATION 60.6%
RETAINED STRENGTH 102%
10RETAINED ELONGATION 101.5%
Example 8 A fiber as in Example 6 was immersed in a bath containing 35 g/l chlororesorcinol and 15 g/l sulfonated resol resin. The fiber was dried and then immersed in a bath containing 100 g/l melamine resin, 20 g/l catalyst and 35 g/l fluorochemicals. It was then dried and cured at 350F
for 90 seconds.
The treated fiber was tested in hydrogen peroxide solution as in Example 1.
BREAK 41 g ELONGATION 28%
RETAINED STRENGTH 51.2%
RETAINED ELONGATION 46.9%
The treated fiber was tested in sodium hypochlorite solution as in Example 1.
BREAK 74.4 g ELONGATION 56.8%
RETAINED STRENGTH 93%
10RETAINED ELONGATION 95.1%
Example 9 A third sample of 15 denier fiber of Nylon 6 having a break point of 75.6 g and an elongation of 72.6%
was tested after immersion in hydrogen peroxide solution as 15in Example 1.
BREAK 67.6 g ELONGATION 63.0%
RETAINED STRENGTH 89.4%
RETAINED ELONGATION 86.7%
The treated fiber was tested after immersion in sodium hypochlorite solution as in Example 1.
BREAK 56.8 g ELONGATION 53.5%
5RETAINED STRENGTH 75.1%
RETAINED ELONGATION 73.6%
Bxample 10 A fiber as in Example 9 was immersed in a solution of 100 g/l melamine resin and 20 g/l catalyst. The pick-up was 50%. The fiber was dried and cured at 330F for 90 seconds.
The treated fiber was tested after immersion in hydrogen peroxide solution as in Example 1.
BREAK 71.6 g ELONGATION 65.6%
RETAINED STRENGTH 94.7%
RETAINED ELONGATION 90.3%
The treated fiber was tested after immersion in sodium hypochlorite solution as in Example 1.
BREAK 62.5 g ELONGATION 52.2%
RETAINED STRENGTH 82.6%
RETAINED ELONGATION 71.9%
5Example 11 A fiber as in Example 9 was immersed in a bath containing 70 g/l melamine resin, 20 g/l catalyst, 25 g/l fluorochemical and 50 g/l silicone elastomer. It was dried and cured at 350F for 90 seconds.
The treated fiber was tested after immersion in hydrogen peroxide solution as in Example 1.
BREAK 75 g ELONGATION 82%
RETAINED STRENGTH 99.2%
RETAINED ELONGATION 112.9%
The treated fiber was tested after immersion in sodium hypochlorite solution as in Example 1.
BREAK 65.6 g ELONGATION 51.1%
RETAINED STRENGTH 86.7%
RETAINED ELONGATION 70.4%
5Example 12 A fiber as in Example 9 was immersed in a bath containing three acid dyestuffs, 100 g/l melamine resin, and 20 g/l catalyst. Pick-up was 50%. The fiber was dried and then cured at 330F for 90 seconds. The treated fiber was tested after immersion in hydrogen peroxide solution as in Example 1.
BREAK 74-9 g ELONGATION 81.1%
RETAINED STRENGTH 99.1%
15RETAINED ELONGATION 111.7%
The treated fiber was tested after immersion in sodium hypochlorite solution as in Example 1.
BREAK 61 g ELONGATION 45.2~
RETAINED STRENGTH 80.6%
RETAINED ELONGATION 62.2%
5Example 13 A fiber as in Example 9 was immersed in a solution of acid dyes as in Example 3. It was then dried and immersed in a bath containing 100 g/l melamine resin, 20 g/l catalyst and 50 g/l silicone elastomer. It was dried and then cured at 330F for 90 seconds. The treated fiber was tested after immersion in hydrogen peroxide solution as in Example 1.
BREAK 72.8 g ELONGATION 95.4%
15RETAINED STRENGTH 96.2%
RETAINED ELONGATION 131.4%
The treated fiber was tested after immersion in sodium hypochlorite solution as in Example 1.
21~6578 BREAK 69.4 g ELONGATION 70.7%
RETAINED STRENGTH 91.7%
RETAINED ELONGATION 97.3%
5Example 14 A fourth sample of 15 denier fiber of Nylon 6 having a break point of 86 g and an elongation of 68% was tested after immersion in hydrogen peroxide solution as in Example 1.
BREAK 78 g ELONGATION 69%
RETAINED STRENGTH 90.6%
RETAINED ELONGATION 101.4%
The same fiber was tested after immersion in sodium hypochlorite solution as in Example 1.
BREAK 52 g ELONGATION 34%
RETAINED STRENGTH 60.4%
RETAINED ELONGATION 50%
Bxample 15 A fiber as in Example 14 was immersed in a bath containing 100 g/l melamine resin, 20 g/l catalyst, 35 g/l fluorochemicals and 50 g/l silicone elastomer. The pick-up was 50%. The fiber was dried and cured. The treated fiber was tested after immersion in hydrogen peroxide solution as in Example 1.
BREAK 76 g ELONGATION 81%
10RETAINED STRENGTH 88.3%
RETAINED ELONGATION 119.1%
The treated fiber was tested after immersion in sodium hypochlorite solution as in Example 1.
BREAK 62 g 15ELONGATION 50%
RETAINED STRENGTH 72%
RETAINED ELONGATION 73.5%
Example 16 A fiber as in Example 14 was immersed in a solution containing three acid dyes as in Example 3 at pH 4.
The pick-up was 50%. The fiber was dried. The treated fiber was tested after immersion in hydrogen peroxide solution as in Example 1.
` 2~36578 BREAK 79.3 g ELONGATION 68%
RETAINED STRENGTH 92.2%
RETAINED ELONGATION 100%
The treated fiber was tested after immersion in sodium hypochlorite solution as in Example 1.
BREAK 45 g ELONGATION 34%
RETAINED STRENGTH 52.3%
10RETAINED ELONGATION 50%
Example 17 A fiber as in Example 14 was treated with three acid dyes as in Example 16. It was then dried and immersed in a bath containing 100 g/l melamine resin, 20 g/l catalyst, 25 g/l fluorochemicals and 50 g/l silicone elastomer. The treated fiber was tested after immersion in hydrogen peroxide solution as in Example 1.
` - 2136578 BREAK 81.2 g ELONGATION 88%
RETAINED STRENGTH 94.4%
RETAINED ELONGATION 129.4%
The treated fiber was tested after immersion in sodium hypochlorite solution as in Example 1.
BREAK 72 g ELONGATION 65%
RETAINED STRENGTH 83.7%
10RETAINED ELONGATION 95.5%
Example 18 A polyester filament is treated in a bath as in Example 15. The fiber is dried and cured. It is tested after immersion in hydrogen peroxide solution and sodium hypochlorite solution as in Example 1, with good results.
It was observed from the tests that treating the nylon fiber with chlororesorcinol, sulfonated novolak resin or sulfonated resol resin, or combinations of these three products, or with the three acid dyes, did not give satisfactory results. It was also observed that treatment with melamine resin alone or with the addition of fluorochemicals increased the stiffness of the fibers, did ` 2136578 not give optimum resistance to oxidizing agent, and also created some degree of water repellency on the nylon felt.
The polyamide and polyester fibers treated with the compositions claimed herein had good resistance to hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite and were soft and elastic.
Claims (34)
1. A composition for use in increasing the resistance of polyamide fibers or polyester fibers to oxidizing agents, comprising:
(a) silicone elastomer;
(b) melamine formaldehyde resin;
(c) a catalyst for complexing said melamine formaldehyde resin; and (d) water.
(a) silicone elastomer;
(b) melamine formaldehyde resin;
(c) a catalyst for complexing said melamine formaldehyde resin; and (d) water.
2. A composition according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of said melamine formaldehyde resin is 30-150 g/l of said composition.
3. A composition according to claim 1, wherein said melamine formaldehyde resin is methylated methylol melamine formaldehyde.
4. A composition according to claim 1, wherein said silicone elastomer is selected from the group consisting of silicone oil emulsion; an emulsion of modified silicone fluid; an organosiloxane modified with amino groups; a polysiloxane derivative polymer;
CH3(CH2)XSLYN2; a polymethyl hydrogenosiloxane amino functional compound; and dimethyl (amino ethylamino propyl) methyl-polysiloxane.
CH3(CH2)XSLYN2; a polymethyl hydrogenosiloxane amino functional compound; and dimethyl (amino ethylamino propyl) methyl-polysiloxane.
5. A composition according to claim 1, wherein said silicone elastomer is an organosiloxane modified with amino groups.
6. A composition according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, wherein the concentration of said silicone elastomer is 10-150 g/l of said composition.
7. A composition according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein said silicone elastomer is anionic.
8. A composition according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein said silicone elastomer is non-ionic.
9. A composition according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein said silicone elastomer is cationic.
10. A composition according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 5, wherein said catalyst is selected from the group consisting of salts of alkaline-earth metals, aluminum chloride solution and a solution of magnesium chloride and aluminum chloride.
11. A composition according to claim 10, wherein said catalyst is in a concentration of 5-30 g/l of said composition.
12. A composition according to claim 1, 2, 3, 5 or 11, for use in increasing the resistance of polyamide fibers to oxidizing agents, further comprising the acid dyes Acid Yellow, Acid Red and Acid Blue.
13. A composition according to claim 12, wherein said Acid Yellow dye is selected from the group consisting of Acid Yellow 19, 25, 169 and 219, and wherein said Acid Red dye is selected from the group comprising Acid Red 42, 57, 337 and 361, and wherein said Acid Blue dye is selected from the group comprising Acid Blue 25, 27, 72, 258, 277 and 294.
14. A composition according to claim 1, 2, 3, 5, 11 or 13, further comprising a fluorochemical.
15. A composition according to claim 14, wherein said fluorochemical has a concentration in said composition of 5-50 g/l of said composition.
16. A composition according to claim 15, wherein said fluorochemical has a solids content of 15-40% by weight.
17. A composition according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 10, 13, 15 or 16, wherein said polyamide fibers comprise nylon felt, yarn, fibers or knitted fabric.
18. A composition according to claim 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 13, 15 or 16, wherein the pH of said composition is 7 or less.
19. A composition according to claim 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 13, 15 or 16, further comprising an anti-precipitant dispersing agent.
20. A composition according to claim 19, wherein said antiprecipitant dispersing agent comprises ethoxylated fatty amine or ethoxylated fatty alcohol.
21. A method of increasing the resistance of polyamide fibers or polyester fibers to oxidizing agents comprising the steps of:
(a) preparing a composition comprising:
(i) silicone elastomer;
(ii) melamine formaldehyde resin;
(iii) a catalyst for complexing said melamine formaldehyde resin; and (iv) water;
(b) applying said composition to said polyamide or polyester fibers and absorbing the com-position on said fibers; and (c) drying and curing said composition on said fibers.
(a) preparing a composition comprising:
(i) silicone elastomer;
(ii) melamine formaldehyde resin;
(iii) a catalyst for complexing said melamine formaldehyde resin; and (iv) water;
(b) applying said composition to said polyamide or polyester fibers and absorbing the com-position on said fibers; and (c) drying and curing said composition on said fibers.
22. A method according to claim 21, wherein said fibers are polyamide fibers, and wherein said composition further comprises the acid dyes Acid Yellow, Acid Red and Acid Blue.
23. A method according to claim 21 or 22, wherein said composition further comprises a fluorochemical.
24. A method according to claim 21 or 22, wherein said composition is applied by immersing said fibers in a bath of said composition.
25. A method according to claim 21 or 22, wherein said fibers absorb between 30-200% of their weight of said composition.
26. A method according to claim 21 or 22, wherein said silicone elastomer is an organosiloxane modified with amino groups.
27. A method according to claim 23, wherein said silicone elastomer is an organosiloxane modified with amino groups.
28. A method of increasing the resistance of polyamide fibers to oxidizing agents comprising the steps of:
(a) preparing a first composition comprising the acid dyes Acid Yellow, Acid Red and Acid Blue;
(b) applying said first composition to said fibers;
(c) drying said treated fibers;
(d) preparing a second composition comprising:
(i) silicone elastomer;
(ii) melamine formaldehyde resin;
(iii) a catalyst for complexing said melamine formaldehyde resin; and (iv) water;
(e) applying said second composition to said fibers;
(f) drying and curing said second composition on said fibers.
(a) preparing a first composition comprising the acid dyes Acid Yellow, Acid Red and Acid Blue;
(b) applying said first composition to said fibers;
(c) drying said treated fibers;
(d) preparing a second composition comprising:
(i) silicone elastomer;
(ii) melamine formaldehyde resin;
(iii) a catalyst for complexing said melamine formaldehyde resin; and (iv) water;
(e) applying said second composition to said fibers;
(f) drying and curing said second composition on said fibers.
29. A method according to claim 28, wherein said silicone elastomer is an organosiloxane modified with amino groups.
30. A felt for use in paper manufacture, said felt being formed of polyester or polyamide fibers, said fibers having been treated with a composition as defined in claim 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 13, 15, 16 or 20.
31. In a process of manufacturing paper employing a felt formed of polyester or polyamide fibers, which felt is exposed to a chemical oxidizing agent in a bleaching step, the improvement wherein the felt is pretreated with a composition as defined in claim 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 13, 15, 16 or 20.
32. A process according to claim 31, in which said chemical oxidizing agent is hydrogen peroxide or sodium hypochlorite.
33. A nylon felt treated according to the method of claim 21, 22 or 27.
34. A polyester felt treated according to the method of claim 21, 22 or 27.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002136578A CA2136578C (en) | 1994-11-24 | 1994-11-24 | Composition and method for increasing the resistance of polyamide and polyester fibers to oxidizing agents |
| US08/465,439 US5574088A (en) | 1994-11-24 | 1995-06-05 | Increasing the resistance of fiber material to oxidizing agents |
| US08/685,045 US5660889A (en) | 1994-11-24 | 1996-07-23 | Coating polyamide or polyester porous self-supporting sheet |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002136578A CA2136578C (en) | 1994-11-24 | 1994-11-24 | Composition and method for increasing the resistance of polyamide and polyester fibers to oxidizing agents |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2136578A1 CA2136578A1 (en) | 1996-05-25 |
| CA2136578C true CA2136578C (en) | 1998-12-22 |
Family
ID=4154732
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002136578A Expired - Lifetime CA2136578C (en) | 1994-11-24 | 1994-11-24 | Composition and method for increasing the resistance of polyamide and polyester fibers to oxidizing agents |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2136578C (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2001012166A2 (en) | 1999-08-17 | 2001-02-22 | University Of Saskatchewan Technologies Inc. | Improved treatment for acute physical insult to the central nervous system |
-
1994
- 1994-11-24 CA CA002136578A patent/CA2136578C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2136578A1 (en) | 1996-05-25 |
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