CA2135378C - Textile bag, textile web for bags and process for producing a textile web - Google Patents
Textile bag, textile web for bags and process for producing a textile web Download PDFInfo
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- CA2135378C CA2135378C CA002135378A CA2135378A CA2135378C CA 2135378 C CA2135378 C CA 2135378C CA 002135378 A CA002135378 A CA 002135378A CA 2135378 A CA2135378 A CA 2135378A CA 2135378 C CA2135378 C CA 2135378C
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D1/00—Woven fabrics designed to make specified articles
- D03D1/04—Sack- or bag-like articles
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- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Woven Fabrics (AREA)
- Bag Frames (AREA)
- Purses, Travelling Bags, Baskets, Or Suitcases (AREA)
- Packages (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
- Wrappers (AREA)
- Details Of Garments (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Packaging For Recording Disks (AREA)
- Undergarments, Swaddling Clothes, Handkerchiefs Or Underwear Materials (AREA)
- Packaging Of Special Articles (AREA)
Abstract
A bag made of textile material, the two superimposed hollow textile layers which are joined together at the sides and bottom of the bag by dobby fabric and at the top by strips of dobby fabric, where the lateral dobby fabric joining the front and rear of the bag extends from the dobby fabric at the bottom at least as far as the top strips. Several such bags are arranged beside one another in a textile web, and the dobby fabric joining the front and rear of the bag has a central selvedge for separating the bags. The dobby fabric closing the bag off at the bottom forms one continuous edge of the textile web and the top strips form the other continuous production cycle with shaft threading in of three repeating groups.
Description
~13~3'~8 The invention concerns a sack made of a textile which is itself made of a hollow web fabric, of which two superimposed layers, forming the front and back of the sack, are connected with each other at the sides and bottom by a fabric splice, a length of fabric for sacks which includes a two-ply fabric which has a continuous fabric splice connecting both layers of the two-ply fabric on one edge in the direction of the warp threads and which has fabric splicing strips which include centre selvedges at intervals corresponding to the width of the sack connecting both layers of the two-ply fabric, and a procedure for manufacturing the fabric for sacks in a single production process on a standard loom or on an automatic loom fitted with a dobby.
Up to now, either loosely-woven sacks made of man-made base materials or of closely-woven standard natural base materials have been used for storing and carrying fruit, vegetables and the like.
Production processes for sacks made of man-made base materials, e.g. of plastic film or plastic fibres knitted on knitting machines are very common nowadays, but when allowance is made for the fact that the edges of such sacks are connected thermally, such processes are not suitable for manufacturing sacks made of natural textiles, e.g.
100% cotton. However, the production of sacks from natural, combustible and bio-degradable textiles is particularly desirable, especially for reasons of environmental protection.
A production process for textile sacks made of natural base material usually takes place in three phases:
1. The material for the body of the sack is knitted on special Raschel knitting machines;
Up to now, either loosely-woven sacks made of man-made base materials or of closely-woven standard natural base materials have been used for storing and carrying fruit, vegetables and the like.
Production processes for sacks made of man-made base materials, e.g. of plastic film or plastic fibres knitted on knitting machines are very common nowadays, but when allowance is made for the fact that the edges of such sacks are connected thermally, such processes are not suitable for manufacturing sacks made of natural textiles, e.g.
100% cotton. However, the production of sacks from natural, combustible and bio-degradable textiles is particularly desirable, especially for reasons of environmental protection.
A production process for textile sacks made of natural base material usually takes place in three phases:
1. The material for the body of the sack is knitted on special Raschel knitting machines;
2. The body of the sack is cut to the desired sizes from the knitted material;
3. The sacks are sewn together and the edges stitched.
A procedure for manufacturing woven sacks on a standard loom with a dobby control system for the warp threads to create a leno (or doupe or gauze) weave is known from EP 0 408 467 A1. A two-ply fabric is manufactured by this process, the two superimposed, separate leno fabric layers of which are connected to each other by the intertwining of their respective warp and weft threads along one edge in the direction of the warp and across the entire width at regular intervals in the direction of the weft.
In this way a connected length of consecutive sacks is obtained, joined together transversely and along one selvage, whereby the other selvage remains open.
Such a strip of sacking is also suitable for automatic filling of the sacks, whereby the sacks are separated from each other along the middle of the respective transverse connection area, after they have been filled and closed.
The purpose of the invention is to create a textile sack and length of fabric in the form of a roll for such sacks, in which it should be possible to manufacture the sacks or fabric in a simple, cost-ef~'ective way, and the sacks should be easy to handle and also well suited to mechanical filling.
The sack in accordance with the invention is characterised by the fact that the two layers of fabric forming the front and back of the sack are joined at the sides and bottom by a fabric splice and both have a shoulder consisting of a fabric splice, whereby the fabric splices at the sides, connecting the front and back of the sack, extend from the fabric splice at the bottom at least to the shoulder.
The sack, which should preferably be made of a natu~.ral textile on a standard loom or on an automatic loom fitted with a dobby in a single production process, has a long life and an attractive appearance, the more so as the body of the sack itself can also very easily be woven in different patterns. The edges of the sack and the selvedges will not fray and, moreover, have no seams which could open. The woven sacks :require no further processing and the finished sacks taken off the loom can be filled immediately.
The inventive sack may also include apertures for lifl:ing or closure strips provided in or woven into its shoulders.
In accordance with a further feature of the invention, the sack can also be characterised by the fact that its front and back are loosely woven whilst the fabric splice connecting both layers of the fabric at the sides and bottom and the fabric splice forming the upper shoulder are of a denser weave. This not only gives the sack a pleasing; appearance, but the body of the sack itself is also thus sufficiently air-permeable and its edges are stable and will not fray.
Another aspect of the invention relates to a length of fabric for sacks, which is characterised by the fact that the two-ply part of the fabric has shoulders terminating both its layers at the other edge and that the centre selvedges connecting the two layers of the two-ply fabric extend at least from the continuous fabric splice provided at one edge to the shoulders terminating each of the two layers of the two-ply fabric provided at the other edge.
Such a length of fabric, particularly if made of a natural textile, for example cotton, can be manufactured very advantageously from a technological aspect as well, on a normal loom or on an automatic loom fitted with a Bobby, as a roll, consisting of a large number of sacks.
Depending on the use, the length of fabric can be cut into pieces immediately along the centre selvedge, to obtain individual sacks, or, in the case of major industrial or commercial use, the rolled length of fabric can be fed into an automatic filling machine so that the sacks can be filled. After a sack has been filled they are closed by sewing up the shoulders or flaps, or using the closure strips provided in the shoulders, and separated from the fabric at the centre selvedge, e.g. by mechanical rotary knives.
In accordance with the invention, a fabric may, depending primarily on the facilities on a loom, include two or more lengths of fabric made up as above, in which case, however, one is arranged as a mirror image of the adjacent strip. In this case the fabric splicing strips extending in the direction of the warp simultaneously form centre selvedges.
The invention also concerns a procedure for manufacturing a length of fabric for sacks which is characterised by the fact that a connection between the layers of the two-ply fabric is woven continuously in a repeated sequence of three groups of shaft threading, consisting of - the shoulders in the form of a splicing fabric terminating both the layers of the two-ply fabric extending in direction of the warp threads at one edge, remaining open, of the length of fabric comprising a two-ply fabric in the first group;
- the two-ply fabric forming the material of the body of a sack and the connection, at regular intervals, of both the layers of the two-ply fabric in the form of a splicing fabric strip normal ly extending to the edges of the two-ply fabric and in direction of the weft threads, including one centre selvedge separating the sacks in the second group;
- and a connection of the layers of the two-ply fabric formed from a splicing fabric extending along the other edge of the length of fabric opposite the edge remaining open in direction of the warp threads in the third group.
The manufacture of the fabric, and thus of the sacks tlhemselves, takes place in a way which is both economically and technologically advantageous, in a single production process, in which there are three types of weave within the entire width of the fabric, namely hollow web fabric, two-ply fabric and normal shaft weave. There is also a great advantage in that the manufacture of sacks by this method is faster than was previously possible and that it can also take place using natural, environmentally-friendly base materials. In addition, the procedure can also be implemented in any pattern, depending upon the facilities of the dobby, without resulting in increased production costs. Sacks manufactured in this way are thus not only usable for the storage and can iage of, for example, fruit and vegetables, but also for display and decorative purposes. Finally, the inventive procedure is more favourable than the usual multiphase manufacturing process for traditional sacks with regard to the material and energy required.
A further characteristic of the inventive procedure is that the connection formed at one edge of the two-ply fabric is a continuous fabric splice and that the shoulders terminating both the layers at the other edge of the fabric are both separate splicing fabric strips forming sack flaps.
This version of the fabric strip not only represents a measure advantageous to production, but the continuous, separate shoulders or flaps terminating both layers of the fabric in particular facilitate complication-free, automatic machine filling of the sacks in a particularly simple way.
The invention also includes a procedure for manufacturing a length of fabric including two or more lengths for sacks, manufactured on a loom or on an automatic loom fitted with a dobby, continuously, in a single production process, by threading the shafts in a repeated sequence of three groups, in accordance with the stated procedurc: for a fabric strip containing one row of sacks, in an adjacent, mirror-image way, with the centre selvedges running in the longitudinal direction of the fabric strip being formed into adjoining fabric splicing strips and/or shoulders.
The subject of the invention is elucidated by the enclosed drawings, in which Fig. 1 shows a draft, Fig. 2 a view of a section of the inventive fabric from above, Fig. 3 a front view of a partially opened inventive sack, Fig. 4 an oblique view of a section through a length of inventive fabric split apart and Fig. 5 a section along the line A - A through the fabric as shown in Fig. 4.
3a The manufacture of sacks or fabric for sacks takes place on traditional looms and, in accordance with a further development, is possible on a modern automatic loom, provided that said automatic loom is fitted with a dobby. The loom or automatic loom titted with a dobby can either be controlled lby punch cards (drafts) or computer (microprocessor).
For specific reasons of environmental compatibility the sacks should be made oi~
natural, environmentally-friendly base materials, such as cotton, jute, hemp, flax or linen, sisal, wool and similar natural fibres, but preferably of 100% cotton, so that burning or composting sacks which are no lonl;er usable and are to be thrown away does not present any problems. For this reason such sacks are also known as "bio-sacks" .
The manufacture of the sack or fabric takes place on dobbies controlled by punch cards in accordance with the draft in Fig. 1, whereb~r the weaving of the centre selvedges separating the sacks from each other takes placf: using a separate card control system.
It will be seen from the drawing of the punch card and the following details of the production technique that the shaft threading takes place in groups, whereby how often each group is repeated depends on the dimensions of the sack.
There are three different shaft threading groups:
- the first group includes the sack loops and/or the upper shoulders of the sack ;
- the second group includes the material of the; body of the,sack (two-ply fabric) and the connection between the layers of the tvvo-ply fabric which itself includes the centre selvedge that separates the sacks;
- the third group includes the edge or the connection of the two-ply fabric at the bottom of the sack.
Ten shafts are required for weaving. Reeding takes place with 140/10 cm reeds with four threads. The lift of the shafts depends on the punch card holes and repetition is determined by the dimensions of the sack.
The special feature is that whilst one edge of the two-ply fabric is closed, the other edge is open, and there is a hollow weave fabric in the middle. Sacks woven in this way require no further processing and can be: used immediately for their intended purpose.
Three stipulated examples, A, 13 and C of the production technology are given below for further elucidation of the inventive procedur~°:
A procedure for manufacturing woven sacks on a standard loom with a dobby control system for the warp threads to create a leno (or doupe or gauze) weave is known from EP 0 408 467 A1. A two-ply fabric is manufactured by this process, the two superimposed, separate leno fabric layers of which are connected to each other by the intertwining of their respective warp and weft threads along one edge in the direction of the warp and across the entire width at regular intervals in the direction of the weft.
In this way a connected length of consecutive sacks is obtained, joined together transversely and along one selvage, whereby the other selvage remains open.
Such a strip of sacking is also suitable for automatic filling of the sacks, whereby the sacks are separated from each other along the middle of the respective transverse connection area, after they have been filled and closed.
The purpose of the invention is to create a textile sack and length of fabric in the form of a roll for such sacks, in which it should be possible to manufacture the sacks or fabric in a simple, cost-ef~'ective way, and the sacks should be easy to handle and also well suited to mechanical filling.
The sack in accordance with the invention is characterised by the fact that the two layers of fabric forming the front and back of the sack are joined at the sides and bottom by a fabric splice and both have a shoulder consisting of a fabric splice, whereby the fabric splices at the sides, connecting the front and back of the sack, extend from the fabric splice at the bottom at least to the shoulder.
The sack, which should preferably be made of a natu~.ral textile on a standard loom or on an automatic loom fitted with a dobby in a single production process, has a long life and an attractive appearance, the more so as the body of the sack itself can also very easily be woven in different patterns. The edges of the sack and the selvedges will not fray and, moreover, have no seams which could open. The woven sacks :require no further processing and the finished sacks taken off the loom can be filled immediately.
The inventive sack may also include apertures for lifl:ing or closure strips provided in or woven into its shoulders.
In accordance with a further feature of the invention, the sack can also be characterised by the fact that its front and back are loosely woven whilst the fabric splice connecting both layers of the fabric at the sides and bottom and the fabric splice forming the upper shoulder are of a denser weave. This not only gives the sack a pleasing; appearance, but the body of the sack itself is also thus sufficiently air-permeable and its edges are stable and will not fray.
Another aspect of the invention relates to a length of fabric for sacks, which is characterised by the fact that the two-ply part of the fabric has shoulders terminating both its layers at the other edge and that the centre selvedges connecting the two layers of the two-ply fabric extend at least from the continuous fabric splice provided at one edge to the shoulders terminating each of the two layers of the two-ply fabric provided at the other edge.
Such a length of fabric, particularly if made of a natural textile, for example cotton, can be manufactured very advantageously from a technological aspect as well, on a normal loom or on an automatic loom fitted with a Bobby, as a roll, consisting of a large number of sacks.
Depending on the use, the length of fabric can be cut into pieces immediately along the centre selvedge, to obtain individual sacks, or, in the case of major industrial or commercial use, the rolled length of fabric can be fed into an automatic filling machine so that the sacks can be filled. After a sack has been filled they are closed by sewing up the shoulders or flaps, or using the closure strips provided in the shoulders, and separated from the fabric at the centre selvedge, e.g. by mechanical rotary knives.
In accordance with the invention, a fabric may, depending primarily on the facilities on a loom, include two or more lengths of fabric made up as above, in which case, however, one is arranged as a mirror image of the adjacent strip. In this case the fabric splicing strips extending in the direction of the warp simultaneously form centre selvedges.
The invention also concerns a procedure for manufacturing a length of fabric for sacks which is characterised by the fact that a connection between the layers of the two-ply fabric is woven continuously in a repeated sequence of three groups of shaft threading, consisting of - the shoulders in the form of a splicing fabric terminating both the layers of the two-ply fabric extending in direction of the warp threads at one edge, remaining open, of the length of fabric comprising a two-ply fabric in the first group;
- the two-ply fabric forming the material of the body of a sack and the connection, at regular intervals, of both the layers of the two-ply fabric in the form of a splicing fabric strip normal ly extending to the edges of the two-ply fabric and in direction of the weft threads, including one centre selvedge separating the sacks in the second group;
- and a connection of the layers of the two-ply fabric formed from a splicing fabric extending along the other edge of the length of fabric opposite the edge remaining open in direction of the warp threads in the third group.
The manufacture of the fabric, and thus of the sacks tlhemselves, takes place in a way which is both economically and technologically advantageous, in a single production process, in which there are three types of weave within the entire width of the fabric, namely hollow web fabric, two-ply fabric and normal shaft weave. There is also a great advantage in that the manufacture of sacks by this method is faster than was previously possible and that it can also take place using natural, environmentally-friendly base materials. In addition, the procedure can also be implemented in any pattern, depending upon the facilities of the dobby, without resulting in increased production costs. Sacks manufactured in this way are thus not only usable for the storage and can iage of, for example, fruit and vegetables, but also for display and decorative purposes. Finally, the inventive procedure is more favourable than the usual multiphase manufacturing process for traditional sacks with regard to the material and energy required.
A further characteristic of the inventive procedure is that the connection formed at one edge of the two-ply fabric is a continuous fabric splice and that the shoulders terminating both the layers at the other edge of the fabric are both separate splicing fabric strips forming sack flaps.
This version of the fabric strip not only represents a measure advantageous to production, but the continuous, separate shoulders or flaps terminating both layers of the fabric in particular facilitate complication-free, automatic machine filling of the sacks in a particularly simple way.
The invention also includes a procedure for manufacturing a length of fabric including two or more lengths for sacks, manufactured on a loom or on an automatic loom fitted with a dobby, continuously, in a single production process, by threading the shafts in a repeated sequence of three groups, in accordance with the stated procedurc: for a fabric strip containing one row of sacks, in an adjacent, mirror-image way, with the centre selvedges running in the longitudinal direction of the fabric strip being formed into adjoining fabric splicing strips and/or shoulders.
The subject of the invention is elucidated by the enclosed drawings, in which Fig. 1 shows a draft, Fig. 2 a view of a section of the inventive fabric from above, Fig. 3 a front view of a partially opened inventive sack, Fig. 4 an oblique view of a section through a length of inventive fabric split apart and Fig. 5 a section along the line A - A through the fabric as shown in Fig. 4.
3a The manufacture of sacks or fabric for sacks takes place on traditional looms and, in accordance with a further development, is possible on a modern automatic loom, provided that said automatic loom is fitted with a dobby. The loom or automatic loom titted with a dobby can either be controlled lby punch cards (drafts) or computer (microprocessor).
For specific reasons of environmental compatibility the sacks should be made oi~
natural, environmentally-friendly base materials, such as cotton, jute, hemp, flax or linen, sisal, wool and similar natural fibres, but preferably of 100% cotton, so that burning or composting sacks which are no lonl;er usable and are to be thrown away does not present any problems. For this reason such sacks are also known as "bio-sacks" .
The manufacture of the sack or fabric takes place on dobbies controlled by punch cards in accordance with the draft in Fig. 1, whereb~r the weaving of the centre selvedges separating the sacks from each other takes placf: using a separate card control system.
It will be seen from the drawing of the punch card and the following details of the production technique that the shaft threading takes place in groups, whereby how often each group is repeated depends on the dimensions of the sack.
There are three different shaft threading groups:
- the first group includes the sack loops and/or the upper shoulders of the sack ;
- the second group includes the material of the; body of the,sack (two-ply fabric) and the connection between the layers of the tvvo-ply fabric which itself includes the centre selvedge that separates the sacks;
- the third group includes the edge or the connection of the two-ply fabric at the bottom of the sack.
Ten shafts are required for weaving. Reeding takes place with 140/10 cm reeds with four threads. The lift of the shafts depends on the punch card holes and repetition is determined by the dimensions of the sack.
The special feature is that whilst one edge of the two-ply fabric is closed, the other edge is open, and there is a hollow weave fabric in the middle. Sacks woven in this way require no further processing and can be: used immediately for their intended purpose.
Three stipulated examples, A, 13 and C of the production technology are given below for further elucidation of the inventive procedur~°:
iAl~~3~8 EXAMPLE A:
Triple row of sacks, 50 cm, 40 cm, 33 cm Type of loom: P-155 Warp: 50 cm run 434 threads, of which 2 x 32 edge 40 cm run 360 threads, of which 2 x 32 edge 33 cm run 308 threads, of which 2 x 32 edge total 1,102 threads Tie up on shaft frame 4 + 2, in accordance with draft as shovm in Fig. 1 Number of reeds 70/10 cm bar reed Base 4 threads, 3 teeth remain empty Then another 4 threads Edge with 4 threads Weave in accordance with draft as shown in Fig. 1 Threading width -136.4 + 1.2 + 0.8 Width in the grey 50 cm, 40 cm, 33 cm L/V adjustment 70/140 Warp threads 50 tex x 2 Weft threads 29.5 tex x 2 Designation of thread 13.3/ 12.1 N L/V
Designation of fabric 465/847 N L/V
Surface density 159 g/m2 Fabrication 4%
Shrinkage S%
Capstan gear interval 138 cm Roll length 100 linear metres, possibly in accordance with instructions issued ~:;13a3 r 8 EXAMPLE B:
Triple row of sacks, SO cm, 40 cm, 33 cm Type of loom: P-155 Warp thread: 50 cm run 804 threads, of which 2 x 32 edge 40 cm run 656 threads, of which 2 x 32 edge 33 cm run 552 threads, of which 2 x 32 edge total 2,012 threads Tie up on shaft frame 4 + 2, in accordance with draft as shown in Fig. 1 Number of reeds 70/ 10 cm bar reed Base 4 threads, 1 tooth remains empty Then another 4 threads Edge with 4 threads Weave in accordance with draft as shown in Fig.
Threading width -136.4 + 1.2 + 0.8 Width in the grey 50 cm, 40 cm, 33 cm L/V adjustment 140/140 Warp threads 29.5 tex x 2 Weft threads 29.5 tex x 2 Designation of thread 12.1/12.1 N L/V
Designation of fabric 84/84 N L/V
Surface density 171 g/m2 Fabrication 4%
Shrinkage 5 %
Capstan gear interval 138.1 cm Roll length 100 linear metres, possibly in accordance with instructions issued Warping 500 linear metres CXAMPLE C:
Sack, 2 x 60 cm Type of loom: Chinese 175 Total warp threads: 1,744 Of which edge: 2 x 32 threads per run Tie up In accordance with draft as shown in Fig. 1 Reeding Spring reed 14-0/10 cm Four threads on every fourth reed gap Threading width 2 x 60 cm. Tvro reed combs remain empty between the runs.
Width in the grey 2 x 60 cm L/V adjustment 140/120 Warp threads 29.5 tex x 2 Weft threads 19.5 tex x 2 Fabrication (loss) 1 %
Shrinkage 1 %
Thread waste 3%
Designation of thread N L/V 6.1/6.1 Designation of fabric N L/V 420/360 Surface density 150 g/m2 Weave In accordance with the draft shown in Fig. 1 Capstan gear interval 120 cm Figs. 2 and 4 show a section of a fabric for sacks, whereby centre selvedges 1 separating the sacks from each other are provided at right angles to the longitudinal direction of the strip. Continuous sacking flaps. or shoulders 2 are provided on one edge of the fabric. 3 designates the actual body of the sack and 4 a space for publicity, though an aperture could also be provided at this point for lifting. The shoulders 2 have a point S at which they meet the body of the sack 3, providing a facility for sewing up a full sack. Centre selvedge 1 is located in the centre of a part 6 of the two layers of the two-ply fabric which have been woven together, whereby said part 6 is terminated by edges 7. At the edge of the fabric opposite shoulders 2 is a continuous length of fabric 8, connecting both the layers of the fabric, thus closing the bottom of the sacks.
9 designates the cavity of the sack, which has a front 10 and a back 11 (Figs.
3 and 5).
The production of the sack or length of fabric for sacks takes place on a loom under the conditions already described, in any pattern, depending on the dobby. The production sequence is, as previously mentioned, such that, due. to shaft threading in three groups, the machine weaves the design of the sack loops or shoulders (2) in a denser weave in the first group, to terminate each of the two layers of the two-ply fabric on an edge of the length of fabric remaining open. In the second group, the body of the sack (3) is woven, usually in a looser weave, in the form of a two-ply fabric. In addition, the machine weaves the front 10 and back 1 I of the sack in accordance with the instmctions which it has been given on the punch card, i.e. both the fabric layers of the two-ply fabric are woven together in the production sequence, whereby centre selvedge 1, which separates the individual sacks from each other, is formed between the edges 7 of the parts woven together 6 thus formed. Due to the third group of shaft threading, the weaving of the trvo layers of the fabric on the other edge of the length of fabric opposite the edge remaining of~en takes place continuously during the production process, forming a closely woven fabric splicing strip 8, which closes the end of the sack. In the vicinity of the point at which they meet the body of the sack 3, two preferred points 5 are situated in the shoulders 2, at which the sack can be sewn closed after filling. The shoulders also provide space 4 for the application of publicity or apertures for lifting.
By using this uniform production process, sacks with a cavity 9 are obtained.
As a result of the production sequence, a length of fabric in the form of a roll, consisting of a large number of sacks, is created, whereby the width of said length of fabric approximately corresponds to the depth of a sack:, but can also be double or a multiple of this depth in width. Should the width be double or a multiple of the depth of the sack, the strips are, however, arranged alongside: each other as mirror images of each other, whereby the centre selvedges (not shown) extending in the longitudinal direction of the fabric are located in the centre of fabric splicing strips 8 and/or sack flaps or shoulders 2 adjacent to each other. A double or multiple-width fabric is preferably cut apart along the longitudinal centre selvedge as soon as it leaves the loom.
Example C
of the production technology concerns the manufacture of a double-width length of fabric, in which both of the strips, the widl:h of each of which approximately corresponds to the depth of a sack, are connected to each other in the area of the fabric splicing strip 8 forming the closed end of the sack, and which are open at both their long edges formed by the sack loops or the shoulders 2. The length of fabric leaving the loom is cut apart along the centre selvedge which extends along the middle of the fabric splicing strips 8 joined to each other in the middle by means of rotary blades.
The fabric, the width of which approximately corresponds to the depth of a sack, is cut up at the centre selvedges 1 running straight across the fabric, immediately if required, in order to make individual sacks available straight away, or wound into rolls, in which form it can also be stored. The possibility then e:~cists for filling the sacks on automatic filling machines, particularly in large-scale commercial or industrial use.
After a sack has been filled it is closed by sewing the sack flaps or shoulders 2 together at the point provided, and separated from the fabric at centre selvedge 1 by mechanical rotary blades.
H
Triple row of sacks, 50 cm, 40 cm, 33 cm Type of loom: P-155 Warp: 50 cm run 434 threads, of which 2 x 32 edge 40 cm run 360 threads, of which 2 x 32 edge 33 cm run 308 threads, of which 2 x 32 edge total 1,102 threads Tie up on shaft frame 4 + 2, in accordance with draft as shovm in Fig. 1 Number of reeds 70/10 cm bar reed Base 4 threads, 3 teeth remain empty Then another 4 threads Edge with 4 threads Weave in accordance with draft as shown in Fig. 1 Threading width -136.4 + 1.2 + 0.8 Width in the grey 50 cm, 40 cm, 33 cm L/V adjustment 70/140 Warp threads 50 tex x 2 Weft threads 29.5 tex x 2 Designation of thread 13.3/ 12.1 N L/V
Designation of fabric 465/847 N L/V
Surface density 159 g/m2 Fabrication 4%
Shrinkage S%
Capstan gear interval 138 cm Roll length 100 linear metres, possibly in accordance with instructions issued ~:;13a3 r 8 EXAMPLE B:
Triple row of sacks, SO cm, 40 cm, 33 cm Type of loom: P-155 Warp thread: 50 cm run 804 threads, of which 2 x 32 edge 40 cm run 656 threads, of which 2 x 32 edge 33 cm run 552 threads, of which 2 x 32 edge total 2,012 threads Tie up on shaft frame 4 + 2, in accordance with draft as shown in Fig. 1 Number of reeds 70/ 10 cm bar reed Base 4 threads, 1 tooth remains empty Then another 4 threads Edge with 4 threads Weave in accordance with draft as shown in Fig.
Threading width -136.4 + 1.2 + 0.8 Width in the grey 50 cm, 40 cm, 33 cm L/V adjustment 140/140 Warp threads 29.5 tex x 2 Weft threads 29.5 tex x 2 Designation of thread 12.1/12.1 N L/V
Designation of fabric 84/84 N L/V
Surface density 171 g/m2 Fabrication 4%
Shrinkage 5 %
Capstan gear interval 138.1 cm Roll length 100 linear metres, possibly in accordance with instructions issued Warping 500 linear metres CXAMPLE C:
Sack, 2 x 60 cm Type of loom: Chinese 175 Total warp threads: 1,744 Of which edge: 2 x 32 threads per run Tie up In accordance with draft as shown in Fig. 1 Reeding Spring reed 14-0/10 cm Four threads on every fourth reed gap Threading width 2 x 60 cm. Tvro reed combs remain empty between the runs.
Width in the grey 2 x 60 cm L/V adjustment 140/120 Warp threads 29.5 tex x 2 Weft threads 19.5 tex x 2 Fabrication (loss) 1 %
Shrinkage 1 %
Thread waste 3%
Designation of thread N L/V 6.1/6.1 Designation of fabric N L/V 420/360 Surface density 150 g/m2 Weave In accordance with the draft shown in Fig. 1 Capstan gear interval 120 cm Figs. 2 and 4 show a section of a fabric for sacks, whereby centre selvedges 1 separating the sacks from each other are provided at right angles to the longitudinal direction of the strip. Continuous sacking flaps. or shoulders 2 are provided on one edge of the fabric. 3 designates the actual body of the sack and 4 a space for publicity, though an aperture could also be provided at this point for lifting. The shoulders 2 have a point S at which they meet the body of the sack 3, providing a facility for sewing up a full sack. Centre selvedge 1 is located in the centre of a part 6 of the two layers of the two-ply fabric which have been woven together, whereby said part 6 is terminated by edges 7. At the edge of the fabric opposite shoulders 2 is a continuous length of fabric 8, connecting both the layers of the fabric, thus closing the bottom of the sacks.
9 designates the cavity of the sack, which has a front 10 and a back 11 (Figs.
3 and 5).
The production of the sack or length of fabric for sacks takes place on a loom under the conditions already described, in any pattern, depending on the dobby. The production sequence is, as previously mentioned, such that, due. to shaft threading in three groups, the machine weaves the design of the sack loops or shoulders (2) in a denser weave in the first group, to terminate each of the two layers of the two-ply fabric on an edge of the length of fabric remaining open. In the second group, the body of the sack (3) is woven, usually in a looser weave, in the form of a two-ply fabric. In addition, the machine weaves the front 10 and back 1 I of the sack in accordance with the instmctions which it has been given on the punch card, i.e. both the fabric layers of the two-ply fabric are woven together in the production sequence, whereby centre selvedge 1, which separates the individual sacks from each other, is formed between the edges 7 of the parts woven together 6 thus formed. Due to the third group of shaft threading, the weaving of the trvo layers of the fabric on the other edge of the length of fabric opposite the edge remaining of~en takes place continuously during the production process, forming a closely woven fabric splicing strip 8, which closes the end of the sack. In the vicinity of the point at which they meet the body of the sack 3, two preferred points 5 are situated in the shoulders 2, at which the sack can be sewn closed after filling. The shoulders also provide space 4 for the application of publicity or apertures for lifting.
By using this uniform production process, sacks with a cavity 9 are obtained.
As a result of the production sequence, a length of fabric in the form of a roll, consisting of a large number of sacks, is created, whereby the width of said length of fabric approximately corresponds to the depth of a sack:, but can also be double or a multiple of this depth in width. Should the width be double or a multiple of the depth of the sack, the strips are, however, arranged alongside: each other as mirror images of each other, whereby the centre selvedges (not shown) extending in the longitudinal direction of the fabric are located in the centre of fabric splicing strips 8 and/or sack flaps or shoulders 2 adjacent to each other. A double or multiple-width fabric is preferably cut apart along the longitudinal centre selvedge as soon as it leaves the loom.
Example C
of the production technology concerns the manufacture of a double-width length of fabric, in which both of the strips, the widl:h of each of which approximately corresponds to the depth of a sack, are connected to each other in the area of the fabric splicing strip 8 forming the closed end of the sack, and which are open at both their long edges formed by the sack loops or the shoulders 2. The length of fabric leaving the loom is cut apart along the centre selvedge which extends along the middle of the fabric splicing strips 8 joined to each other in the middle by means of rotary blades.
The fabric, the width of which approximately corresponds to the depth of a sack, is cut up at the centre selvedges 1 running straight across the fabric, immediately if required, in order to make individual sacks available straight away, or wound into rolls, in which form it can also be stored. The possibility then e:~cists for filling the sacks on automatic filling machines, particularly in large-scale commercial or industrial use.
After a sack has been filled it is closed by sewing the sack flaps or shoulders 2 together at the point provided, and separated from the fabric at centre selvedge 1 by mechanical rotary blades.
H
Claims (10)
1. A textile bag, made from a hollow web fabric, including two superimposed layers of fabric defining a front and a back which are joined at the sides and bottom by fabric splices;
wherein each of the layers of fabric, defining the front and the back of the bag, have a shoulder consisting of a fabric splice; and wherein the fabric splices at the sides, which connect the front and the back of the sack, extend from the bottom fabric splice to at least the shoulders.
wherein each of the layers of fabric, defining the front and the back of the bag, have a shoulder consisting of a fabric splice; and wherein the fabric splices at the sides, which connect the front and the back of the sack, extend from the bottom fabric splice to at least the shoulders.
2. The bag according to claim 1, wherein openings for handles are provided in the shoulders.
3. The bag according to claim 1, wherein closure strips are provided on, or woven into, the shoulders.
4. The bag according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the front and the back are made of a fabric of a looser weave, whereby the fabric splice connecting the bottom of the two layers of fabric which define the front and the back of the bag, and the fabric splice defining the upper shoulders, are closely woven.
5. A length of fabric for bags according to any one of the claims 1 to 4 including a two-ply fabric having a continuous fabric splice connecting the two layers of the two-ply fabric, at one edge, in the direction of the warp threads; and strips of fabric splice, which include centre selvedges, connecting the two layers of the two-ply fabric in the direction of the weft threads at intervals corresponding to the width of the sack;
whereby the two-ply fabric, of the length of fabric, has shoulders of fabric splice terminating the other edge of both its layers; and whereby the centre selvedges, which connect both layers of the two-ply fabric, extend from the continuous fabric splice, at one edge, to at least the shoulders terminating both layers of the two-ply fabric at the other edge.
whereby the two-ply fabric, of the length of fabric, has shoulders of fabric splice terminating the other edge of both its layers; and whereby the centre selvedges, which connect both layers of the two-ply fabric, extend from the continuous fabric splice, at one edge, to at least the shoulders terminating both layers of the two-ply fabric at the other edge.
6. The length of fabric, according to claim 5 including two partial lengths of fabric, of which one length is arranged as a mirror image of the other length.
7. The length of fabric according to claim 6, wherein the centre selvedges, extending in a longitudinal direction, are each located in the middle of adjoining woven fabric splicing strips and/or shoulders of adjacent partial lengths of fabric, whereby the woven fabric splicing strips and/or shoulders are woven together as one.
8. A process for manufacturing a length of fabric for bags in which a two-ply fabric is used that is open at one end and formed by a warp having an upper and a lower warp part, wherein weft threads of said upper and lower warp parts are interwoven diagonally to the longitudinal direction of the length of fabric;
wherein the upper and lower warp parts are interwoven at preset intervals forming strips extending perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction of the length of fabric defining bag edges with centre selvedges, the strips having higher weft thickness than in the area of the upper and lower warp part forming the body of the bag; and wherein the weft threads are continuously woven in a single production process through at least three groups of warp threads;
whereby (a) in the group of warp threads allocated to the bottom edge of the bag, the weft threads are woven into all of the warp threads; (b) in the group of warp threads allocated to the body of the bag, the central area in each weft thread is woven into one of said upper or lower warp part of the warp threads and into all warp threads in the area of the bag edges; (c) in the group of warp threads allocated to the upper shoulders of the sack, the weft threads allocated to the body of the bag are woven into one of said upper or lower warp part of the warp threads; and (d) the weft threads allocated to the area of the side edges of the bag are woven either into some or all of the warp threads.
wherein the upper and lower warp parts are interwoven at preset intervals forming strips extending perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction of the length of fabric defining bag edges with centre selvedges, the strips having higher weft thickness than in the area of the upper and lower warp part forming the body of the bag; and wherein the weft threads are continuously woven in a single production process through at least three groups of warp threads;
whereby (a) in the group of warp threads allocated to the bottom edge of the bag, the weft threads are woven into all of the warp threads; (b) in the group of warp threads allocated to the body of the bag, the central area in each weft thread is woven into one of said upper or lower warp part of the warp threads and into all warp threads in the area of the bag edges; (c) in the group of warp threads allocated to the upper shoulders of the sack, the weft threads allocated to the body of the bag are woven into one of said upper or lower warp part of the warp threads; and (d) the weft threads allocated to the area of the side edges of the bag are woven either into some or all of the warp threads.
9. The process according to claim 8, wherein the areas of the group of warp threads allocated to the bottom of the bag and those allocated to the upper shoulders of the bag, the weft threads are woven in a tighter warp thread sequence than the area of the group of warp threads allocated to the body of the sack.
10. The process according to claim 8 or 9, wherein two or more partial lengths of fabric are woven together in adjacent, repetitive minor-image form, after which the length of fabric produced in this way is cut apart in the middle of adjacent fabric strips extending in longitudinal direction by weaving the weft threads in the group allocated to the bottom of the sack and/or the fabric strips formed from the group of warp threads allocated to the upper shoulders of the bag to form partial lengths of fabric.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| HU9201585A HUT62347A (en) | 1992-05-13 | 1992-05-13 | Production method of bio-bag suitable for storing and transporting and decoration ornamental purposes fruits and vegetables |
| HUP9201585 | 1992-10-30 | ||
| PCT/AT1993/000079 WO1993023594A1 (en) | 1992-05-13 | 1993-05-12 | Textile bag, textile web for bags and process for producing a textile web |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2135378A1 CA2135378A1 (en) | 1993-11-25 |
| CA2135378C true CA2135378C (en) | 2001-12-18 |
Family
ID=10981868
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002135378A Expired - Fee Related CA2135378C (en) | 1992-05-13 | 1993-05-12 | Textile bag, textile web for bags and process for producing a textile web |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0640155B2 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH07506631A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE142289T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU4049593A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2135378C (en) |
| CZ (1) | CZ286048B6 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE59303672D1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0640155T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2094540T5 (en) |
| HU (2) | HUT62347A (en) |
| PL (2) | PL173502B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1993023594A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19713812C2 (en) * | 1997-04-03 | 2000-10-19 | Krall & Roth Weberei Gmbh & Co | Textile structures |
| AT408104B (en) * | 1999-11-05 | 2001-09-25 | Meininger Susanne | FABRIC MULTILAYERED ON A WEB EDGE |
| DE102004029793B4 (en) * | 2004-06-19 | 2013-03-07 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Fabric with at least one bag |
| ES1068269Y (en) * | 2008-06-27 | 2008-12-16 | Pubill Marcos Guasch | BAG |
| WO2020154663A1 (en) | 2019-01-25 | 2020-07-30 | Annette Thurner | Bag and system for use thereof |
| RU192905U1 (en) * | 2019-07-03 | 2019-10-07 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Волгоградский государственный технический университет" (ВолгГТУ) | Trash bag |
| FR3106598B1 (en) * | 2020-01-23 | 2022-07-22 | Les Tissages De Charlieu | Woven bag to reduce the number of seams |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1423524A (en) † | 1919-02-24 | 1922-07-25 | Porter Brothers Textile Compan | Woven tubular fabric |
| FR802430A (en) † | 1936-02-26 | 1936-09-04 | Bag manufacturing process and resulting new product | |
| DE3736859A1 (en) * | 1987-10-30 | 1989-05-18 | Kielbassa Herbert Dr Ing | Large woven bag for bulk materials |
| JPH0692218B2 (en) * | 1987-12-11 | 1994-11-16 | 旭化成工業株式会社 | Shock absorbing bag and manufacturing method thereof |
| FR2649728B1 (en) * | 1989-07-13 | 1992-01-03 | Bordenoud Sarl Sacherie | PROCESS FOR MAKING BAGS BY WEAVING AND NEW TYPE OF BAGS |
| DE4126709A1 (en) † | 1990-09-08 | 1992-03-12 | Akzo Gmbh | Mfg. airbag fabric with different zones - by varying pick counts and warp end counts and/or weave constructions |
-
1992
- 1992-05-13 HU HU9201585A patent/HUT62347A/en unknown
-
1993
- 1993-05-12 EP EP93909644A patent/EP0640155B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-05-12 AT AT93909644T patent/ATE142289T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-05-12 PL PL93317382A patent/PL173502B1/en unknown
- 1993-05-12 PL PL93305957A patent/PL172179B1/en unknown
- 1993-05-12 DE DE59303672T patent/DE59303672D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-05-12 CZ CZ942785A patent/CZ286048B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-05-12 HU HU9403247A patent/HU215768B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-05-12 AU AU40495/93A patent/AU4049593A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-05-12 ES ES93909644T patent/ES2094540T5/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-05-12 DK DK93909644.2T patent/DK0640155T3/da active
- 1993-05-12 JP JP5519691A patent/JPH07506631A/en active Pending
- 1993-05-12 CA CA002135378A patent/CA2135378C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-05-12 WO PCT/AT1993/000079 patent/WO1993023594A1/en active IP Right Grant
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| PL173502B1 (en) | 1998-03-31 |
| EP0640155B1 (en) | 1996-09-04 |
| ATE142289T1 (en) | 1996-09-15 |
| JPH07506631A (en) | 1995-07-20 |
| PL172179B1 (en) | 1997-08-29 |
| HUT69479A (en) | 1995-09-28 |
| DE59303672D1 (en) | 1996-10-10 |
| EP0640155A1 (en) | 1995-03-01 |
| DK0640155T3 (en) | 1997-02-24 |
| HU215768B (en) | 1999-02-01 |
| EP0640155B2 (en) | 2000-01-05 |
| ES2094540T3 (en) | 1997-01-16 |
| HU9201585D0 (en) | 1992-09-28 |
| CA2135378A1 (en) | 1993-11-25 |
| WO1993023594A1 (en) | 1993-11-25 |
| AU4049593A (en) | 1993-12-13 |
| CZ278594A3 (en) | 1995-04-12 |
| CZ286048B6 (en) | 1999-12-15 |
| HUT62347A (en) | 1993-04-28 |
| ES2094540T5 (en) | 2000-06-01 |
| HU9403247D0 (en) | 1995-02-28 |
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| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed |