CA2134646A1 - Seeding implement assembly and method - Google Patents
Seeding implement assembly and methodInfo
- Publication number
- CA2134646A1 CA2134646A1 CA 2134646 CA2134646A CA2134646A1 CA 2134646 A1 CA2134646 A1 CA 2134646A1 CA 2134646 CA2134646 CA 2134646 CA 2134646 A CA2134646 A CA 2134646A CA 2134646 A1 CA2134646 A1 CA 2134646A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- tyne
- seed
- fertiliser
- ground
- furrows
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Transplanting Machines (AREA)
Abstract
A seeding implement assembly (111) for deep banding seed (157) and fertiliser (155) in the ground. The assembly (111) includes a linkage (117) connecting it to a travelling frame (113), a tyne (121), a nose portion (119) and a seed and fertiliser discharge means. The nose (119) is of plate form projecting forwardly from the front of the tyne (121). A deep ripping point (141) is mounted to the bottom of the tyne for deeply ripping the ground. The fertiliser and seed discharge means includes fertiliser tubes (149) which deposit fertiliser directly into the bottom of the incision which is formed by the nose portion and behind the tyne (121) subsequent deep ripping by the point (141). Furrowing means (115) forming part of the seed and fertiliser discharge means are mounted to the rear of the tyne (121) to create a pair of furrows either side of the tyne. Seed tubes (151) deposit seed into the furrows continuously as they are formed and covering means (129) mounted at the rear of the assembly, trail along covering the furrows.
The linkage (117) is in the form of an offset parallelogram which enables the tyne to be elevated, whilst substantially maintaining its attitude whilst engaged with the ground, but lessening the ripping effect caused by the point (141) as the point nears the surface of the ground. A seeding method and planting system are also described which are generally characterised by forming a row comprising a single line of fertiliser and two lines of seed within furrows which have a central ridge separating them, disposed above the line of fertiliser.
The linkage (117) is in the form of an offset parallelogram which enables the tyne to be elevated, whilst substantially maintaining its attitude whilst engaged with the ground, but lessening the ripping effect caused by the point (141) as the point nears the surface of the ground. A seeding method and planting system are also described which are generally characterised by forming a row comprising a single line of fertiliser and two lines of seed within furrows which have a central ridge separating them, disposed above the line of fertiliser.
Description
~93/217~ C4~i` P~U93/0~187 ~S~1I1g I~plem~t A~s~ and ~ethod"
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Thi~ i~vent:Lon relat~ to a seediRg ~plem~t a~ nbly and m~th~d which ~ particular, but not ~xclu~i~re, utility in ~eedi~g pad~k~ for ~r~p produc~ion ha~ g ~hallow cla~
80iL18 or r~on-wetting ~oils whi~h have a ~hard pan" layer of ~o~l below the ~urface.
UH~rd pan~ ~oil~ occur in many of the crop produ~ g areas o~ Australia where f ine, non-wettiTIsF sand g~t~ compac~d over time to form E{ harcl layer of compag~ted 80il approximately three illches below ~he 13ur~ac~ of th~ ~oil d: which Q~erally i8 two to three inc:h~ t~ick. This lay~r can be~:om~ o hard that it do~ t allow root;~ of he ~:re~p to penetrate through to th~ s~il :b~eath a~d ~hus ends t~ i~hibit deep root~d crop growth. A ~imilar probl ari~e~ with ~h~llow clay soil whi~h al80 occur i~
~y c~op producing~ area~ ~throughout :the world..
ord-r~ to break~p ~his Hhard pan" layer; it i~ u~ual for far~ers to u~e~ agricu~tu~al: i~pleme~t~ for de~p rippillg of the ~oil prior~ t o or iIl ~o~junction with ~ee~
O~e p~:o~lem ~ enc:ou~tered with preYiou~ d~ep rippi~g techniques i~ that th~y generally c:aus~ ~uch di~rup~ion to th~: tQp ~ail a~d~generally r~ult 1~ a te~de~cy or 'ihard parlh or clay 23e~Ilt8~it5~ be lifted o~to the surfacè o~ th~
80il , ~ubse~[uently~ au~ing ~ealing over o:E the ~3urace which form~ a hard~crust through which ~the plant cannot pe~et~ate.
~ ~ .
With the increased 5en8ititrity of farmer~ to ~oil erosion :~::
213 ~ 1~46 W~93/21~S4 -PCEl~U93/~
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-- 2. --probl~m~" th~3~e ~ e~d~ncy ~ m;rimi~2 ~rl~g Q:E the 57rou~d ev~ area~ wher~ "~ard pa~" o~ sha~;low cl~y ~o~
are ~o~ a ~r~ t~,~. iD r~csll~ E;~8& ~here is ~ m~c~ ater use m~de of ch~mic~ls t~ erad~cat~ or cut back o~ the prol~f~ratio~ ~cl regener~t~o~ o~ ~e~d~Ft ~ætead; of rely~ng ~po~ onven~ional w~xking back o~
paddocks wi~h animal grazi~g or cultiva~ o:E ~h~ ~ame;
X13w~rt with inc~eE~i3ec~ enYiromcelrta~ awa~e~ , th~ wide ~px~ad U8~ o:E chem~ca}~ l~as falle~ ou~ of fa~four a~d ~nde~d, ~he~re i6 a belie:E ~ngst ~he :E~nn}ng co~mnun~y tha~ tl~e uEe o$ pre-emergent che~Lcal~ :~or 8~;0pping weed re~erle~ation has ~ terlou~ :e~ect upon ~he crop~
In rec:ent ti:mas~, ~mproved ~ ing a~d 80Wi~l~. tec~i~ues ha~e. beeIl adopted to: provide ~fo~ better crop ~o~rth and for more ef~icie~t Ut~L. ation o.~ fe~:lliser~ One of th~
techni~ue6 ig known a~ deep ~ diD~/~. ~hi~:~ e~Be~ially ~vol~e~ depo~ g ~ti~ er at a~pre~c:r~bec~ dep1~h be~ow the ~eed 80 ~ha~ as~ t~ seed ~g=ate~r all opp~rtunity i~
pr~d ~ for ~ :COQ~ ~h tc~ d~velop a~l~ e~li~h ~elf efore ~e~ch~g~;h-e ~i~serr~hich othervFise ~bur~" ne~r r~ot: gro h d~ro~ g~ ~he ~ eed. T~ te~ aue i8 a ~Fa~t improv~Qe~t upt~ e~: :prior .a~ which. fi:hllpl~ in~rolved dopofiitl~ fe~tilise~:~concurr~y~witll ~:h~ ~e~, re~ultiTlg ~;S~a~ w~tage~ ~f~ both i~ar~ er ~;a~d ge~d~
th~ti~n~ng t;~e ~DVe~ent a~ ved ~y adopti~g d~ep b~ingr . pre~ellt p~an~ing ~d seediE~ 3c~ique~; for crop growinç~ ~ill ~vo~v~ ~he ba~ic prin~:~pl~ Df forming a re~atlhre~ d:eeE fu~:rQ~ ~ ~hich fer~ er i~ depo~i~e~, co~er~ng thi~ pa~ally~.w~th ~oil ~nd ~he~ depo~iting a }~e o s~e~ i~ à slngl~: xo~ di~ect~ ~o~e the ~er~ er.
~ccord~gly,. a rati~ of ~eed tc) :Eertili er ~ t~e 3rder of 1:~ is u ed. A di~ad~a~t~ge of ~ig~ however~ ia ~hat ~he er~:iliser caD oi~eIl provide q~i~e ~ ~ati6facto~y sourc~e o~
~utritic~ to more thaIi o~ ~eed at a: t~e, particularly '.
wo g3~2l~S4 2 1 3 ~ 6 4 ~ ~A~9~/Q~187 w;~h the wide ~pre~d use of ~uper-pho~phate ~hich proYides ~a ~r@ry cor~celltrated sQurce of nutritit)n for plank$.
Th~3refore p~en~ si~gle rc~w 80WiD.g m~hod~ ~o not provide i~or e~fi~iQn~ usag~ of ~ er.
In addition, i21 order to maximise yield, lt :t~as b~e~
~omtnonplace to dispose the rows of 8~ed and the i~di~rid~al se~ds themselvss with~ a rc~w, relatively ~lo~ely.
di~advantage of thi~ i8 that relative clo e spacing ~f ~eeds a~ct~ plant stooling, wb.ereby it has b~en fc~und tha~ the mor~ clo~ely planted i8 the ~ed, the les~er the nu~er of ~tools produc~d on ~ach pla~t duri~g growthO
In o~der ~o acco~aodate both fioil ero~orl and ehemical u~aga con~ideratio~6, it i~ an object o o~e asp~3~t of the preseIlt i~v~n~ion to provide a method of seediIlg ~ C:roI?
whic:h ~tigate~ Boil erosion a~d ~hances ~rop root growth/
par icular where there are ~hard p~" or ~hallow clay oil~ h~e~nore i~ i8 aTl obj~c:t for ~h~ me~hod to ~ti~ate or: ~ di~pe~e: with the use of a pre-e~n~rg~nt mical for s~ppi~g w~ed r~general:ion after the initial ~eding stage.
It iR an obje~t c~f a~a~her asp~¢t of the ~pre~ent inverltio~
to p~ovide ~ se~ding ~plem~3nt as~s~ly ~hich ~:a~ be u~ed i~ th~ afo~mentio~ed method.
An o~j~ct of eve~ further aspect~ of the inve~tio~ î~volve providi~g a~ improved ~eeding method aTld p~anti~g ~ystem, which ac:hieve~ re e~ficient utili~ation Qf- fertiliser a~d the ability to achiev~ greater plant stooling.
In ors~er to achieve at least ~ome of the aforemen~ioned object~, certain aspect6 of the present invention P~AV ~i 5 J (3 ~ I ~ f ~13 i~ 6 il ~ RE~::EI~E~ O 8 APR t994 contemplate cutting the ground initially to ~orm an incision by mean~ of either a cutting wheel or tyne and utilisirlg a deep ripping implement which follows the ~rack of the incision to deeply penetrate the ground cau~ing minimal surface disturba~ce and consequently providing for deep band seeding and fertilising to be effected. A
problem encountered with this technîque, however, particularly in "hard pan" soils, i~ that it has been difficult to maintain an op~imum and con~tant depth for deep ripping and banding of the seed and fertiliser due to ob~tacles encountered by the cutting wheel or tyne and~or deep ripping implement. ~~
Consequently~ it is a further and preferred object of certain a~pects of the present invention to pro~ide methods a~d apparat~s where appropriate which can alleviat0 some or all of the aforementioned disadvantage~ as~ociated with the u~e of previous methods and implements for seeding purposes.
:
In accorda~ce with one aspect of the pre~ent in~ention, there i~ provided a method for seeding a crop compri~ing:-continuously cutting an inci6ion through the ~urface of theground for a deep ripping Lmplement to traver~e;
con~inuously deep ripping the ground along ~aid inci~ion below the 6urface of the yround, ~aid d~ep ripping causing minimal ~urface disturbance;
continuou~ly depo~iting seed in a furrow formed below the surface within the deeply rippsd ground; and continuously covering ~aid furrow after the depo~iting of seed therein;
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~D~;D
U
W093l~17~4 ~13 ~f~ G 4 6 rcr/~u~3~oDl~7 . . . ~
wherein said deep ripping, depositi~g o~ seed a~ co~ering i~ per~ormed ~ontinuousl~ along ~he entire longitudinal ~tont of said incision and at sub~tantially relatively c~stant depths with respect to ~ach othe~, at lea~t during the kime that ~aid ~uttin~ of ~aid incision and ~aid deep ripping i8 caused to temporarily fluctuate in depth due to minor obstacles or obs~ruction~ bei~g enc~untered during ~aid cutting.
Preferably, the relative angular po~ition of the deep ripping i8 altered in re6po~se to said tempo~a~y fluct~ations in depth 80 as to mitigate the lifting effect of ~eep ripping closer to the ~urface of the ground.
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Preferably, ~aid method includes the step of continuously depositing fertiliser :prQxLmate to ~he ~ottom of said inciBioIl immediately; ~;follo~ing the deep ripping of the ground t~erealong~d~ formins~ said furrow at a level above the i~cision bottom, so as to deep ba~d said seed.
Preferably, ~the method inelude~:forFing said furrow eparateIy~ of ~said:deep ripping.~Pref~rably,-~aid method clude~forming a~pair of~6aid furrow~, one at either ~ide of ~said inoi~ion,~each:of;~sa~id furrows bei~g respectively covered:a~ter~the~delpD~iting of the~ eed therei~ In this manner the one~ ine~:of:~ deposited ertiliser serve~ to ertilige the~two lines~of deposited ~eed, the~e~y reducing the:amount of fertitiser required relative to the amount of eed. Furthermore, the p1urality of rows of ~ee~ enable~
the ;~ effective~ concentratiQn~ of s~ed to be reduced, rffsulting in~ ipcrea~ed ~spacing ~:between the seed which produce~ ~uch improved~st301ing.
Preferably, said method includes formins~ a central ridge of 80il betweeIl the :c~overed furrows. In this manner, water is ~ubse~uently ~ channelled into the covered furrow~ by the P~r~ S /' U ~ 1 8 7 2.~ 3 !~ 5 ~1 ~ R~ Ei3 ~ 8 APR 199~
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efect of the ridge r aiding germination of the 6eed which is e~pecially advantageous for non-w~tting ~oils.
Preferably, said deep ripping, depositing of seed and covering i5 rapidly ceased upon encountering a major ob~tacle during said cutting after the entire longitudinal extent of said incision is deeply ripped, said fuxrow i~
formed, deposited with seed and covered.
In accordancé with another aspect of the present invention f there is provided a ~eeding implement assembly for mounting to a travelling f rame ~o as to engage the ground traverse~~
by the travelling ~rame, ~aid as~embly comprising:-a linkage for connection to the travelling frame;
a tyne for being directly connected to said li~kage saidt~ne having a deep ripping point disposed at the base of the tyne and a ground cutting mean~ for cutting an incision through the ground for the tyne to traverse;
a seed discharge means for mounting to the rear of said t~ne;
sai~ linkage being adapted to normally ~uspend said tyne and 6aid s~ed: discharge means in a prescribed operative working po~ition with re~pect ~o the travelling frame and the ground,: 80 that there ~exi~t~ a working spatial relation~hip between ~aid tyne and ~eed discharge means;
and ...
bia~ing mean~ for biasing ~aid tyne into ~aid prePcribed operative working positio~;
~ A~ ~ 3 J U U I ~ ~
? 2 1 3 -~. Ii 4. 6 wherein ~aid linkage includes compen6ating means for uRe in clearing an obstacle obstructing the travel of said ground cutting means, said compe~ating means being adapted to elevate said tyne and said seed di~charge means so as to clear the obstacle whilst simultaneously substantially.
maintaining the relative ~aid prescribed operative working position between said tyne and said eed discharge mean~
until at least ~aid ~yne is impeded from maintaining ~aid working position by the obstacle.
Preferably, the relative angular position of said point i~
altered in response to ~elevation of said tyne so as ta-mitigate the lifting effect of deep ripping caused by said point as the position of said point nears the surface of the ground.
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Preferably, said compensating mean is formed by said linkage~being constructed in the form~of an off6et parallel linkage as~embly,~ comprising a pair of depending arms offset from the~ parallel with ~espect to each other, whereby the fir~t arm~i pi~otally connected at one end to the frame: and at:~:the:other end~to the front of said tyne, and the~seco~d :arm~: i8~:pi~otally:: ~co~ected at one end thereof to ~the~frame~rearwardly in~Qpaced~relation to the pivot~l axi~ of said:one end;of ~aid:first arm, a~d at the other end:of:s~ai~:~second arm to said~tyn~ rearwardly and i~
spaced:relation to:the pivotal axi~:of ~aid: other end of said :fir t arm,:~ such~that the pivotal axis of said other end of ~aid second arm is more elevated and closer spaced to said pi~o~al ~axis of the other end of said fir~t arm than: i8 the corresponding relationship betwéen the pivotal axes of the one ends:of said ~irst a~d ~econd arm~.
: ~ . .
Preferably, :~aid cu~ g méan~ comprises a no~e portion : projecting anteriorly rrom the front of ~aid tyne for ~E~JA~
~ p~f (ir)~l l~EGE~E~ ~ B APR ~9g4 2 1 3 ~ 6 4 S
cutting throush the ground.
Preferably, said nose i8 planar and is provided with a leading rectilinear cUtting edge sloped rearwardly from the bottom thereof.
By this arrangement, the tyne is able to slice through the ground and lift any surface material free from the grcund enabling the material to flow around the front, dispo~ing with the need for a cutting wheel.
Preferably, the seeding implement a~sembly includes ~
fertili~er discharge means interposed between said tyne and s~id ~eed discharge means so that fertili~er can be depo~i~ed into the incision formed by said tyne immediately behind the point of said: tyne.
Preferably/ the s:eeding~ Lmplement assembly include~ a tra~ling furrowing means for opening up the ground behind said tyne to form a furrow in which s~ed may be deposited at a level above the incision bottom, and covering mean~
disposed behind s~id:furrowing means to cover said seed ~depo ited into the~ furrow.
:
Preferably, a ~pair of: ~aid furrowing means are di~po~ed either side and rearwardly of ~aid ~yne for forming a furrow on each ~ide of said tyne, and a corresponding pair o~ said covering; means are provided for covering said furrows.
Preferably, said pair of covering mean~ are arranged to deflect covering soil for said~furrow6 ~o a~ to for~ a central~ ridge of oll ~between the furrows additional to co~ering said furrow~.
Preferably, said biasing means compri~es a pair of springs respectively connected at one of their ends to the frame and at the other of their e~d~ to the re~pective arms of A~ENDBD ~Er ~E~JAU
WO ~3/2175~ 6 ~ 6 P~/~
~ai~ kag~ be~weell th2 oppo~ing end~ of said arm~.
t:n acco~dance wi~h a further aspect of th* pr98e~1t in~r0~ion, ther~ i~ pro-rided a m~thod for ~aeding a crop mpri~i~g:
de~po~iti~g fertiliser at a fir~t pre~cribed level in a $ir~ e beneath the surface of the grouTld; and depo~it~ng seed in second lines at a ~eco~d prescribed le~el above the first pr~s~cribed level, .o~e said seco~ line being di~posed laterally to one s~de of ~aid first: line a~d the other said ~e~ d lîne being dispos~3d laterally ~o the other side ~f said fir~t lin~.
Pr~er~ly, ~he method includes fc:r~u~g a central ridge aloIlg t~e l3ur~ace of the grou~d betw~en the ~econd line~.
accordance wit~ a~a~her aspect of ~he prese~ in~rentio~, there i~ provided a pl~nti~g system ~:ompri~ g:
a li~e :~:of~ fer~iliBer~ disposed at a ~ir~t pre~cribed leve} ben~3ath ~he Rurface of the ground;
a pair ~o~:~ lines. o ~ ~ seed di~po~e~d a~ a ~co~d pr~scribed~ level above ;the fir~t pre~cribed level~ #0 : that one of ~h~ lineB of ~eed i~: di~pos~d la~erally ~o c~ sid~ ~f the ~ e of fer~iliser ~nd the other o~
the line~ af ~eed i~ dispo~ed laterally ~o the ot~er ~de ~f the li~e ~ fe~iliRer.
~: :
Pre~erably, a central ridge of ~oil i8 disposed b~tween fiaid furrow~ to cha~nel water into the furrow The lnventio~ wil 1 be better understood in the light ~f the ` .
wo 93~17~4 ~ 1 3 ~ G 4 1~ pcr/Au93~
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i~o~l~ing de~cr~p~ion ~ tW~ 8pl~ fiC em~dimen~:8 I;~iere~of.
~e descripi:io~ i~ m~sde ~it~ referen¢e ~o t~e a~ccsmpan~ g ,p dX~i~lg8, ~her~
s P'~gure 1 ~8 n ~ide. ele~.ra~io~ of a ~d~nig ~plement asE~e~bly dispo~ed i~ ~ts ~o ~ all~ op~a~i~re ~o~king . p~it~on ~it~ respe ~ to the tra~ ng frame and ~e : ground i~ a~or~anc~ wi~h the first emboaim~nt;
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Fislu:re 2 is a s~m~la~ ~rie~F ~o fi~ure 1 8h:0~ing a partia~ly retracte~ position of ~e ~emb~y where~y the cutt~llg~wheel is~marg~a~ly ele~r~ted ~o overcome a mino~ ~tacle whilst the tyne and ~eed discharge mean~ subs~antsally~ maintaLn ~heir prescr~bed ope~tiYe wor~~g ~s11;ion, Figure ~3 i~a;~ide elev~tion o~ ~he ~em~ly from the oppo6i~e~:~ida~ t~ hat show~ a~ ~igure ~ o~ the rawl~g~f~:a~ howing~ ~he~ a~s~ly i~ ~tg maxlmum retractéd~:;po&~io.~ wdth:both~the c~tting wheel iand tyne~:ele~ate~: from~ ~e~ g~oun~ as.wou~d arise when en ~ ~ a~immo~able~ob~tacIe;
Figure;~4;~ an~e~d view of~igur~ 1 with the ~ub~e guard~removed;
Figure ~ i&~a~ide elevat~o~ o~ a ~eedi~g ~ pleme~
d~spofied~ In~it~ormalty oper~ti~ worki~g po~itio~
:wit~ r~spe~ko~the t~avelling frame a~d the gxound in a~co~d. ~ wi~h the~.second~embodiment, Figure G~is~a~Lm~lar ~iew to ~ ffgure 1 howi~g the sse~bly ih ~ts mR~mum:retracted posit~on with b~th the ty~e~:and the seed discharge means eleva~ed from he ground a ~ would ari~e ~hen encountering a r~l~ti~ely immovable obstacle;
. . WO Q3/21754 ~ 1 3 ~ 6 ~ 6 P~/AU~3/W187 ~i~e 7 i~ a front e~d vi~w of ~h~ ~eedins~ i~pleme~t aa~ y as Rhc~w~ in ~igure 5 of t~s draw~ng~ with the spri~gs r~3mo~ed;
Figur~ a r~ar e~d view of the ~di~g implement a~s~ly a~ ~hown in figure 5 of the drawings;
~igure 9 i~ a ~ide elevatio~ of the ~eedin~ impleme~t a88embl~ with th~ linkage and travelling frame rem~Ted, bu~ ~o~i~g the seed di~charge means in more detail with the eeding and fertili~er boot~ attach~d t~reto;
Fig~re 10 i~ a per~peoti~re view e~ the tyne a~d geed di~chaxge m~ans~:of the se~ding implement ~8~embly in accordance with the cond embodiment;
igure 11 i ~ a p~r~pective ~ w o~ the 8UppO~ pla~
for the ~eed~ disch~rge me~ans;
, :
Figure ~12 i~ a re~lr top ~riew of the ~uppor~ plEIte own i~ ure~: il o. th~ ~awi~
Figure 13 ~ i8: ~ an Imd~rside; vie~ of the ~uppor~: plate sh~ iguro~ ~11 of the~ d;rawings, Figure 14~ a rear:end undexsi~le view of th~ ~uppor~
plate shown in fi~ure 11 OI the d~awings; ~d Figure ~5 i8 a~ cro~s-sectional gro~nd profi~e t~ken acrQ~s a ~portiQn~: of ground ~w~ich ha~ bee~ ~own u ing ths method ~ and th~ see~ding impleme~t a~ee~l~
de~cri~ed ~n~ the second embodiment, which ~hows t~e r~lat z ve po~itioni~g of the covered furrows, the cer~tral ridge a~d the ~own ~eed and f~rtili6er.
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~WQ g3/217S~ ~ 13 ~ 6 PC~IAU93/~
he :l~ir~t ~d~t i~ ~re~ec~ towards ~ see~ing i~ple~ent a~ y tl wh~ch i~ o~e oî a ~k o~ ~u~
as~q~lie~ adapted $o be mou~ a tra~el~ fra~e (~t ~ho~L) wl~ch ~ ed a~ g ~he gro~d be~ind a pxime~ver ~no~ ~ accordlmce with con~renti.~nal fa ng pract~Ge a~d wi~ e d~e~r~ w~h refereIlce to Figures ~ 4.
:; T~ aasernbly 1~ i 6 E;ll~pended~ ~ouDt~ ~ed bax 13 .
e~tendi~g longitlid~a:lly of ~he ~rame ~rit~ respect ~o. the i~teIld~d c~irec~ ; of tra~Tel of th~ frame.
~: ~T~e ~lE;8elliE~ly ~en~ral~ly co~pri.ae~ a car~i:age 15~u~pe~de~
elc~w the ~ar 13~ m~a~s: Qî ~a l~nkag~ mpr~ a pair o~ rs~ arms::1~a ~:;apai~o~:~ec~ ,d antl& 17~, a grou~d `~ : : : ` :
engaging~ ~i~g :~wheel- 1~, a deep ripping ty~e 21~ a.
E~ i6~ Bd~r~mea~:s 23~ a seed~i~a~g~ means ~f bias~g mean~ 2~ rE;i}i~g covering w~e~ 29~
The carriage~ l5~ ectiv~y i~ t~e i~or~ of -an in~erted shap~:chalmel~men~er~the fro~t bot~o~ co;r~er~ l~a of w ~ c~ ~are~truncatèd and ~he botto~tra~ g edg~D of w~ich are.forme~:wit~`~a~p~ Qf ~ids 31, ~e a~ e1ther slde ~or resting opon t~surfa~e~of t~e gro~ d.
~he c~tting w~ee~ 19 is rot~tab~y ~ounted t~w~r~ the bottom ~f th~ carriage tS a~out:~ cen~ral ax~s 33 e~tend~g tr~n~er~el~o~;~ è;~carriag~:~nd ~oin~iden~ wi~h an axle: 35 upo~l w~i~ch t3~Le~hee~ mo~nted.~ e cutti~ ~rhe~1 19 ha~
a ~--~haped edge ~ 6ection ~stead oi~ ~ co~Y n~ioll~l t~in whee 1 80 tha~: t~ tti~g whe~ ut thro~gh the surface : . .
~: : of the ground m~ n~:a deep in~i&io~ w~ich can be ~sed a5 a ::
u~ro~ for ~ub~equent ~eeding in s.tubbl~ covered paddocks w~er~ a ~olTowing ty~e cannot be u~ed~ ~ the pre~e~t :
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~ ` , ' . ' ..
W~93/21754 PCT/~Ug3/~5187 ~3 ~ ~46 embQdiment, howe~er, whera the a88embly has partieular utility for ~hard pa~ 80il8 whieh regui~e deep rippi~g, the ~utting wheel 19 i8 ad~pted to cut thr~ugh the ~urfaee of the ground 60 as to ~orm an ineision along whieh the ty~e 21 may ~ub~equently pa~s through without unduly di~turbi~g the ~urfaee of the ground a~d thus minimising the likelihood of soil eroeion.
The front of the earriage has a stubble guard 37 mounted thereto to defle~t mînor obstacle6 such a6 twig~ and stubble a~ay from the eutting wheel 19.
The linkage 17 is arrang~d 80 that the pair of first arm~
17a are pîvotal}y mounted at their upper end ~o either side of tha ~ar 13 ~ d their lower ends to either side o~ the earriage 15, 80 that~the pivotal axi8 of t~e lower end of the arm~ is eQineident~with the eentral axi~ 33 of the eutting wheel. ;The:pair of seeond arm~ 17b are relativ~ly d~spo~d with:re~pe~t: to the fir~t arm~, ~o that the first and second:arm~ form~an o$fse~parall~ lin~age arra~gement as shQwn in~the drawings. The upper ends of ~he sec~nd arms are 6imi1arly~:pivotally: moun~ed to the bar 13 a* a rearwardly~spaced~p~sition relati~e to th~ ~irst~ a~s 17a and ~:the ~lower~ end6 o the second~arms 17b are pi~4tally ~o~ted t~ the carr~age 15~, but in6tead of being di~posed to either side~of~he~ carria~e, the low~r end~ ~f ~he arm~
are~joined together~to bé~pi~otally mounted ~ide of the carriage 15 between~the in~er;side6 thereof. Th~ pivota1 axis:39 of .the lower end of the se~ond arms 17b i8 imilarly rearw~r~ly: ~spaced : :with re~pect to the.
correspo~ding:pivota~:~axi6 of the fir~t arms 17a, bu~ in contrast:to the relat~Ye dispo6ition of th~ pivotal axes of the upper ~nds of the first and seco~d arms, the pivotal axes of the low~ ends of the ~irst and second arm~ are closer spaced a~d furthermore the pivotal axis 39 of the ~econd arms 17b i8 marginally elé~ated ~n the carriage 15 WOg3/21754 ~13~
-- 14 .--re p~c:t kc t~ c~rr~ rli~g ~i~ro$a~ axi of the :Eir~t a~s w~i~h ~8 coinc~d~ wi~h t~e ce~ral ~is 33~
-~e t^~ ~ :LS i%~ mounted. ~ th~ seco~d arms ~7b l~etween th~ lower end~ thereo~ ~o ~E~ to be capab~ of p~v~tal :~ov~Ilt i~ coIliuDctior~ with ~h;e ~econd ~m~
rel~:ti~re ~c~ the c:~rriage 15, ~?he ty~le ~ ch2~acteri~ed 1~ haYiIlg a s~aDk portio~ of a n~ raIl~ver~e e~e~ of margi~ally le~;se~ dime~8ic~ thaI~ the corre8p~D;ding tra~sv~rse eætex~t o~ n~ wheel 19, a~ fihO~l in fig~ Z o~ the drilwing&r a~d ha:s ~ l~rger lo~g~udinal e~e~rt ~ the di~ec ion oi~ tr~vel fs:~r ~rerl~h~ ~he sh~k pc~ o~ i~ taper~d ~oward ~e leE~ding edge Z1~-t~ereo~ 80 a~ ~o :Eaci~itake d~e~? ~ippi~ hrough the Uhard pa~u layer, a~d ha~ a :Ela~eIled rear k~a~ ng end .21b to p~c~vide a pathway i~3r :E~ esr W~L~C~ ~ill be c~e~ri~e~ ~ mare d~:ai~ la~er~ :
: - .
he bo~tom of ~h~ t~ iB fit~e~ wit~ uita~le ~elta 8~1p~d ~oi~t 41: ha~n~ a. dow~w~r~y depre~sd a~d ~lunt T108~ ~G f~lita~ ~ormzltioll of a de~p furrow .;Eor deep ~g the ~d wi~h ;f~ er.
.
~ ~how~ e I of ~he ~aw~g&f tb,e ~a~or :: long,itudi~al ~he~ Z~ ularly o~ e~ h re~p~ ~o ~ corr~ ~g lcs~itud~nal ~Ki~ of the pair Q~ ~co~d ~ l~b.~ t~ def~e a rea~ward obtu~e a~gle w~ch pre~e~;~ ~he. t~e w~ a lag~ angl~ of ~ack relati~e to the ~ound.
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.
~e ~er~ disc:h ~e m~:ans 23 ~:Efe~ti~ely compri~e~ a ~r boot 43 ::Eixedly ~u~ted wit~i~ the c:o~ es of the. c~rxiage 1~ betw~en~ ner slde directly behihd ~he : ~ . pair o$ seco~d: arm~ 17b alld t~e ~ e 21. Th~ fertiliser d~æcharge mea~ al~o i~dude~ a fer~ili er de:f~lector pla~e 4~ mou:~lted ~ert:ically to t~e reax o~ pair o:E ~eco~d - . .
~ ~ WO ~3t21754 ~ ~ 3 ~ 6 4 6 PCr/AU~3/00187 ~ 15 ~
ar~ 17b and which extends contiguousl~ to adjoin the tra~ g end 21b of the 3~ank of the ty~e 80 as to foxm a pathway for falli~g fertili~er to tra~el along the rear t~ailing e~d ~lb and deposit it~el~ into the furrow at the traili~g end of the p~int 41 im~ediately upon it being ~ormed ~y the tyne. Accordingly, the fertiliser ~oo~ 43 i8 c~nnected to a conventio~al fertili~er delivery tube (not show~) which iB in turn con~ected to a fer~ilise~ discharge source mounted in a~ ocation with the travelling frame.
The seed discharge means 25 similarly compri~e~ a s~eding boot 47 again fixedly mou~ted within the confines ~f the carriage 15 between the inner sides thereof, but rearwardly of the fertiliser dis~harge ~eans 23. The seed discharge means 25 al~o includes a ~eed deflector plate 49 which form~ part of ~a triangular ~-ghaped brack~t 51 pivotally mounted about a transverse axi6 53 at the end of the carriage for supportin:g the covering wheel 29. The seed defl*ctor plate 49 incorporates a lip which protrude~ from the bottom of the bracke~ 51 downwakdly 80 as to extend a ` ~ : :
margi~al dis~ance b*yond the ~ottom of the carriage defined by the: skid~::3i.~ The~seed deflector plate ~9 i8 disposed in a corre~ponding~;angular dispositio~ to th~ major longitudLnal axi6 of~the tyne 21 80 that ~eed falling from th~ boot 47 may~strike~t~e ~eed deflector plate 49 a~d follow:a p~th~ther~al~ng to be~depo~ited i~to the furrow at a loc~ ion re~rward~y spaced ~rom th~ corre~ponding posi~ion of the ty~e at that instant. Thi rearward E~acing between the deflec~or plate 49 a~d the rear trailing end ~1~ o~ the t~e iB ~uffici~nt to allow parti~l aoveri~g of the fertiliser depos:i~ed into the bottom of the furrow by the en~ o~ the d~fl~ctor plate 49 ~o that the ~eed may be deposited at a marginally higher position within th~ furrow, there~y achieving deep banding of the seed.
WO93~21754 ~ 1 3 ~ 6 ~ 6 ~/~
-- ~6 --.. . .
wit~ ~e ~e~iliEIer ~c~arge me~r ~e ~eed~g boot 4?
oi~ the ~e~d ~fi~harqe mea~ 25 ~!~ co~ec~ted to ~ ~eed ~le~ rery tube ~I~,Q~ how~ w~ich i~ tllrn i8 l:oD~ec~d t~ a ~ee~ disch~rg~ sou~ ot B~lOW~l~ al80 u~ted ir~
as.~c~cia~ion .Tith the tr~v~ g frame.
T}~ triaD~ular brac:ket 51 ~ pi~otall~ molm~ed to the carriage abou~ the. tran~verse pi~rotsl a~i~ 5~ w~ic~
di~po~ed :~ear~ardl~ d ~oward;s t~e ~op of . the carriage etw~en the i~0rt~1i6er boo~t 4~ a~d see~n~ boot ~i. T~Le es of t~e bracket p~ lec~ rearwardly ~rom - the ~ar of the c~rria~ge 15: irL para~le~paced rela~ioIlsh p to each ot:her ~o rotata~ly &uppo~:t th~ tra:~ling ct~e~ing w~ee3: 29 at t}~ ~e~r of ~e ca~age. The c~vering whe~t 29 i~ ~uch der~ ~e c~tt~ng wheel ig to compres~ ~he. to~ of the $urrow and t~& ~c~o~e~the~ ion f~nned ~3y ~he cutti:clg wl~el ~lg a~ hence~ cover the dep~ ed ~ee~ with ~oil .
The ~a~ me~s~ 2~ :compri~e~a teD;sio~ ap ing w~ich i~
~ustabl~ ted~ a~ ;o~ end 27a ~ ~ ;E?e~de~t bracke.t 55 se lr~mount:d~o~.~e~b~;~ 3 of the.~ frame and~ pi~tall~ ~
nountec~ ot~er~:~d.:betwee~; the. ~ec~d ~ 7b at a pos~ti~3n in~erm~d~t~l~ ~disposed betweei~ the . upper ~d lo~/er ~ds ~Q~ he ~: Beco~l arme~ The one end 27a cf the pr~g i~: fo~d~wLth~a ~threaded~bo~t sIld whi~ recei~re~ a ~ut; w}~ch I a~ uLrned~ ad~ui~: ~b;e ~en~lon i~ ~he spri~g e~d;end~Dg between ~t~e ~pendent~ plate ~ g5 and t~e pair oi~
con~ ~8 ~7~. ~ tl~is ma~er, rear~rar~ de:Ele~itic~ a~d thu r~trac~lo~ f ~ t~e carriag~ from iE:s normally presc~ibed: :o~erat~ue~ ~orkin~ ~po-~ition a~ shown i~ f~gure 1 d~awin~ oppc~d by ~he k~ he spring/
cau&~ng ~e ag.s~ly;;~o ~e~ur~ t~ ~s ~e~cri~ed operat~Ye wor~g po~on ~ whe~: a fo~ce causi~q such retraction p~te~ or l~. Dvercome.
Imp~rtaDl:yr the lillkaIge 17 ~cludes compensating mean~
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W093/21754 ~ 13 ~ G 4 6 PC~/AUg3J~Ol~
~ic~ c~mes into oper~io~ whe~ the carriage i3 retracted for the p ~ ses of cleari~g an ob~tacle. ~or~oYer, the aompen~ating me~n~ i~ formed by the cQnstruction o the linkag~ a~ fin off~et parallel li~kage a~sembly, where~y ~he ~irst a~d s~co~d arms are oæfset from the par~llel wit~
re~pect to each other, ~s ~hown in figure 1 of the drawings, w~en ia the normal operative working position.
Co~seg~en~ly, when the cu~ting wheel e~counter~ a~ obstacle such as a ro~k, twig Qr ~ven hard ground, it i~ cau~ed to lift w~ereupon the compe~8ati~g mean8 ele~ate8 ~he cuttin~
wheel from its working spatial relations~ip with th~ tyne and the seed disch~rge means so as to clear the obstacle.
The arrangeme~t of the compen8ation mean8~ however, ~Lmultaneou~ly causes the tyne to lag this upward lifting movement by ~ing 8~8tantially î~depende~tly ~onnected of the carriage,~wh~reby its re~ative po ition i~ dictated by the ~ spo~ition~of~the:pair of second a~ms 17b. The offset parallel linkage aQs~mbly of the arms i8 ~uch that the tyne and pair of ~econd~ arm~ 17b correspo~dingl~ move ~t a different and~ ~retarded rate~relative to the cutting ~heel 19 and pair of~irs~; arms 17a. Conseque~tly, the tyne subs~antially~ mai~t~ins:~ its~ prescribed opexati~e workin~
positio~ simu1ta~eou~1y~w~th the ele~atio~ ~f the cutting wheel,~thereby~allow;m g~d~ep ripping and ~he ~eeding ~f the furrow:to b-;completed:~all~:the:;way along ~he inc~sion made by: ~he :cutting;:~ wheel 19 at a~con~tant maximal dep~h e~e~
though thexe may;;~be~ ~fluctuativns in the depth of the : :
ncisi~n caused by o~stacles encou~tered by the cutting ' wheel.
otwithstandi~g~this,:however, when a majar ob~truction i~
,, encountered b~: the~;:cutting wh~el cau~ing it to li~t : significantly a~d di6engag~ ~rom khe ~round, the linkage as:sembly will come~into operation cau~ing the ~ne to lift entirely f~m :engagement with the ground as in a ~onventional st~mp jump mechanism so a~ to a~id permanent :
W~3/21754 ;~ i 3 ~ 6 4 6 PCIl~U~3l~18 . 18 --.
dam~ge l~e:~ng c:~u~ed to t~e t~ by- ~:he ob~t~cl~.
~ar~hermo~e, osc:e the t~e comme~c~e~ ~if~cant rear~ar~l mo~reme~t, it ~ ?ve bo1;~ rear~ tg a~d upwardl~r quicl~y to di~engage from ~;he gr~u~d.
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Th~s, tb;e ~:ompenE;at~g m~ i8 c}~aracterised by two i~pc~xta~t i~atu~e~, o~ ~g tIlat the ~e mc~eme~t i~
dampe~ed s~ ca:~tly With m~o~ f~.uc~uations in the height ai~ ~:he cutting w~el 80 as to effec~ively op~rate independe~y o~ tb~ ~;eigh~ o~ cuttinS~ wheel dur:Lng mi~o~ f~lIctuatlons.in ~e ~e~;gh~ o: the cuttinç~ whee~ ~u~
wi11 rapidly r~ra~t rom ~he grQurd.uE~o~ the c~t~ins w~eel co~t~uin~ ele~ratlo~ beyond; a prescr~bed threshold ~ight d~t~ed J~ ~he par~llel o~f~et ~o av~id major o~stac~le~.
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Now de~;crThi~g t~e~ method of seeding a crop whic~ can be.
achi ed. usin~ the ~8~ dascrihed iT~ the present embodiment,: initia~ y~; a~ i on i~ continuous3~ cut ~hrough t~;e ~surfac~. of t~e gEo~ f~r a deep ripping im~lement :to ~i~o~o~. q~he grou~d. i8 ~hen ~ inuo1lsl;y ripped deep~ly~a1on~:1~e illCi8iC~Il to iEorm a n~rrow f ~ ro~
belo~ t~e surface~f: t~e grou~ :for ~ep~&i~in~ ~ee~, whereby :the :: deep- ripping caufle~ mi~Lmal $urface di~tur'oanc~. ~Fer~ili8er. i~ ~ then c~ntinuou~ly depo~ited tQ the narrow~urro~:imme ately upo~ i~ be ~ g formed and co~ered. :See-d~ then~ contLnuously dep~si~ed in~o ~he narrow f~rrow:at;~a~de~t~ whi~h iQ margi~a~ly ~igher than $ert~ e~, an~ finally is eontinNously covered o~e~ ~o deeply b~nd t~ e~d~ -, .
: T~e deep rlppi~g, fertili~e~ an~ ~ed depo~iting and ; :coYe~in~: are~ ~a~l per onme~ ~ontinuou~1y alo~g the ~nt1re lon~i~ud~al exten~ of ~he i~isio~ ~n t~ dire~tion ~f the ~Reedi~g opera~on- and at a sub~tan~i~lly co~stant depth which iE largely~independe~ of ~he depth ~ the inci~ion ~t lea~ during ~he tLme that t~e c~tting of the inGi~ion :
; WO 9~/217S4 2 ~ 3 ~ ~ ~1 6 PCIlAU~3/~1~7 i~ a~usec~ to temporarily fluc1:uate in depth due to mint~
ob~ta~:slas or o~truction~ b~ing ~3nc:0untered duri~g t~e cuttiIlg operation. Furthermore, the daap ripping, depositi~g ~f $or~iliser and seed ~nd covering i~ rapidly cea~d upon encouIltering a major obstac:le dur~g the cutting, after the entlre longitudi~al exte~t of ~he inci~ion i~ deeply rippe~d, deposited wit~ se~sd alld co~ered.
:
The second e~bodiment iB differen~ ~rom the ~ir~t ~odiment in many re~pe~ts and will be de~cribed with reference to fi~res: 5 through to 15. Moreover, the second embodiment i6 d~:rect~d toward~ a seeding i~lement assembly 111 which i~ su~pendedly mounted to a fixed bar 113 arranged ~la~ly wi~h re pect to a travelling rame a~ in :~ the first embodiment. ~: The assem~l~ 111 however, di~pen6~3s with the use of a carriage, a cutting wheel and a trailing ~: covering w~,eel; ~ut ma~ntains a:~ linkage 117 comprisi~g a pair o irst arms 117a~and~a pair of ~econd arms 117~, a dsep rip~i~g ty~ 121, a :f:ertili~er discharge means 123, a seed di6~harge means 125 and biasing means 127. I~tead of a ground engaging cu~ing wheel, the as~embly i~Gludes a ground ~clltting m~an~ in ~ the fo~ o a nose -p~ n 119 whic~ projects~ e~riorIy from ~he :fron~ of t~- tyne 121 for cuttirls~ :through: the ground,~ ~;and ~in~tead t~f the t~ailing :coverinçl wheel~,~ the~as~embly i~cludes a co~reri~g means in u~m of a ~pa`ir~of coverin~ ~oil defl~ctor plate~ lZ~.
P~dditional to the a88~ Ibly of the fir6t embodiment, the :afise~ly 111~include~ a furrowi~g mea~s irl the ~onn of a pair of furr~wing:soil deflector plate~ 115.
The ~08e 119 iQ planar ~a~d is pxo~ided w th a leadin~
rectilinear cutting edge whi~h in the prescribed operative ~: workiTlg posi~ior~ as ~hown in figure 5 of the drawings, i~
sloped r~arwardly from the hottom 131a to the top 131b.
The nose 119: projects anteriorly from the tyne ~uite .
~ ~ 3 ~ 6 WO93/~17S4 . . P~r/~U~3/00187 ~ a~ 8}IOWirl ~ t~e dra!lw~g~ a~d ~ a. ~onse~ ce of bei~g :E~rml3d GiE re~i~ly tb~ t~rial, or examl?lQ, . ~ix mill~metr~3 thic~s~ s:teel piater 1:~1& ~088 C~ CUt thr~ugh ~ ~olmd c~eatillg a requ~te i~ci~ jusl: a~
efec~ as ca~ a c:u~ti~s~ w~eel a~ a~e i~ the ~ odim~t. I~deedt a~ th~ n~s~e 11~ ~xte~d~ a~l the W~ ong th~ ~rQ~: o:E t~e ~e 121/. ri~b~ d~n to t~e bott~m of ~. tyne~ a, d~aper illc~sio~ i~ cre~ed tha~ i8 t~ ca~ wi~;h the cutting wl~el~
~ ted i~ the draw~llgs, th~ top i19a ~d bottom llgb of the n~ po-rtio~ ar~ s~re~g~hened by bei~sl formed of margi~ally t~;~cl~er ste.el plate, e;g. 16 ~nillime~res. The ~108e por~îo~ 119 i~ p~v-~3d with & }:~ot~o~ e~e ll9c which project~ exl~ly ~ a the bo~t;o~ o~ the ~e a~d i~
d~pos0d i~: a: Bu~t~lltiall~ horizonta~ pl~ne w~en iIl th~
pr~Gribed ~p~ati~re ~rking po ion a~d ~hus i~t~ec~
Uith t~ }~ad~ dge 131 at ~ a~ t~ ~g}e ~a ~g tO :EC~rm a 1~a~$ POi~t ~: ~e bQt~Om 131 Eac~ ta~eC ~Utt~9: i~hrOU
~:O~U~C~IO:a With the ~@ar~r~ 1QE~, a3~19WS ~e ~8~eIab~Y tO
pas~ ~ou~ ~tUbb1e: a~l Q~er S~e ina~eE~a~ W1~0U~
~ ~ musjor blo~l~as~3s. ~ e:~ctr~e~u~ B~r~ace mater~-a~ t~rld~ t~
ed :Ere~ rc;k t~e gro~ e~ ~ t~ w ar~und frQ~t. ~ ~h~ ty~er a~ g t~e l~kelihood s:~ it beillg pressed i~o ~ grouIld ~er~ ~t e~ r~t a~ fec~
ge~ tioIl, a ~roblem e~c~ r~: w~:h ~h~ us~ of c:u~tlng a~ p3;~ wheal~. kddi~ona~ , loo~ acles ca~ fl~w pa~ ~he ~yrle i~ a; ~im~l~r :~[a~er wi~;hQ~au~ ng ur~ e lift~g o:E ~he ~ y, a proE~ h ~he u~;e o:E
wheels whi~ te~i ~a ro~l o~r~r ob~t;a~les~u~h as tump~
:aUsi~a ~due ~ ~g~
The li~ka~e 117 ~s subs~antially sim~l~r to tl~e li~kag~ o:E
t~e fir~ d;-~me~ except that the pair ~ fir~t arms 117a are pi~tally mounted at th~ir lower ends ~o eit~er W0~3~17S4 ~ 1 3 -~ 6 Q 6 PCT/AU~3~001X7 side of the front part of the top 119a of t~e no~e po~tio~
1~9, instead of to the carriage and cutting whee1 as in the ~irst embod~ment. In addition, both the first ~rm8 117a a~ seco~d axms 117b ~re respective1y outwar~ly curved as shown i~ ~igures 5 and 6 of the drawingg. This curvature i8 important to:maximise the elevation tha~ can be achieved from lifting ~f the ~6embly w~th respect to the fixed bar 113, enab1in~ the relat~e angular po~itio~ of ~he ty~e lZ1 to be altered and be maintained in it~ altered po~ion to mitigate ~he lifti~g effect of the deep ripping cau~ed by it, as it approaches :~he maxima1 elevated po~ition, a6 hown parti~ularly in fi ~ re 6 of $h~ drawing Impor~ntly~ the off-set para1lel linkage arrangement of the arm~ which form the co~pensating means i8 maintainedr wher~by the ~pacing between the:pivota1 axes of the upper end~: of ~he fir6t ~d se~ond arms i8 ma~ginally greater than the ~pacing~:betwee~ the:p~votal:axes of the lower ends of the f; r t and second 8rm8 . In a typical example of t~e pre~e~t embodiment, this ~pacinq:b~tw~en the upper ends iB
approximately 9~25 :~nches~and ~the corresponding ~pBCi~g batween:the lowe~ end~ i8 8.875 in~hes.
The:bia ing~mea~s~lZ7~again i8 ma~ginally dif~rent ~o the iasing ~mean~ adopte~:in:thè~first~embodiment. ~oreov~r, the~bia~ing mea~s~l27 comprises~two~te~ion spring~, 127a ~nd~ 7b~ w~ich~: are respectively co~nected to the pa~r of first arm6~1l7a~ d::the~:pair of ~econd axms 1~7b, as shown in figure 1 of ~ the: drawings. ~otwith~ta~ding the plurality of ~ension 6pr~ng~:invoIved in the second embodLmen~, the iasing ~ef ect:of:the6:~:Qpring6~:0n thé linkage a~rangement in~bia~ing~ thé~ ty~e~ 121:~int~ the pre~cribed workins~
po6i~ion,: i8 préci6ely: the ~6ame a6 the biaæirlg means of the firs~ embodiment.
:
:~ : The main body of the tyne~ 121 as :opp~sad to the fir~t : embodiment, iæ not:integrally formed with the second arms ~; :
~: :
WO 93l21754 ;~ 1 3 ~ 6 !1 6 P~/~U~0~187 --- ~2 --~17b. t~ e~e~t}~ re~:t~ve ~gul~ po~it,~on of the ~e 12~ i~ allow~ o a~;~er with re~p~ o ch~:ges in ~e ahg~lar po~i~on~g .~ ~e pai~ o:E s~aond: ~rms 117~, enabling a d~ffere~ ~g effa~t or~ i:he t~e ~o be }.
ach~ eveid ~ha~; iff ~ ca~e in ~e ~irs~ enibodi~ent .
M~reo~e~, ~he t~ei i21 ~ Arly pro~d~:d w~h a deep r~pp~n~ point 14 at the }ra~e ~her~a:E whic~ i~
a~tia~ plaz~r, del~a shap~d an~ ~o~ed, as :i.8 ~he ca~e in the ff:rs~ odiment,. :~owever ~he angu~ar po~itioniIlg ~ thi~ nt during elevatio~ o~ the a~se~ibly wit~ re&pec~t ~ the ~$ia~ed bar 113, is oppo~ite to tha~
achie~e~ l~e ~ s~ e~odin~ent~ Tha~ lS, due ~ the ~ela~iv~-pi~oti~g ~etween t~:e palr Qf sec:oIld anrls ll7b and t~e ~e 121t the; ç~eneral pra~e of the po;ln~ ~:41 16 brou~ht rom a~ ~itia~:a~;aclci~ig~angle with.re~?~ct ~o the ground, as ~i~ show~ fi~u~ 5 o: t~ -~aWl~lg~;t w~:en i~ ~he pre~ 3per~t v~ ~or ~ng pO8i~tiQTI as ~ xeq~ixed: for ~ep rip~i$gr~ to;~ 8tlb8t;~ti~Lly parallel. pG~it~on wit~
re p~ to ~ gro~ a ~e a88~bL~ ; eleva~ed as i8 8h~ ~ ig~re~ 6~ o ~t~e drawinç~ ~lU~r a .t~ tyn~ 121 progr~ vely ~}evat~sr tke~ lif~ing ~ec~ on ~oi~ callsed by the ~in;~ 1;41 red~ ~ ~e~rs ~e ~ur~ac~ ~f ~e grou~, ~ena~ g~ po~ ~ be ~i~ted i~rom QU~; of ~h~
grou~d, ~`min~g~ oil~ turbance a~ ~he s~rface ~;d tig~t~g~:t~e ~ f~ ~: ~y ~derl~ing ~lay to ~he a~:e~ : :
Thu~ ~IE a resul~ :~f ~he off--set li~ age a~ra~ngeme~, the ro~ o: ~h~ ~e~ i~ t~1:ed ma~ }a~ly up~rard~y rela~ive to he rear of the ~ne, ~&~mu~ eously ~;th the eleva~ion o$
tyne as :4 ~e~ arraDgement al~o enhances ~he h r2pid c~ear~ae- a~ he ~:u~inS~ ~aEe from t~e grau~d ~hen enco~ter~çr ~ ~IImnovs}~le o~sta~le.
., . ~ .
t s-~oul:d be ~o~ed ~ ~h~ nose portion 119 i5 di~;pC)~;ed co~tiS~uously with ~he front of the rippin~ point 141 and WO 93/21754 ~ 1 3 ~ B ~ 6 PCr/~U93/-00187 con~ ly ~rith t~e r~ulta~ ty~e, there i~ no l~adi~g c~tchi~ edge or f~ce, a~ i8 in the cass o~ a normal ~d point ~oIIfiguratio~ on which ~tubble ~an aeclLmula~3 ~d catch, making it dl fic~llt to remove withollt manual effort. ~oreover, due to there being ~o ca~ching ed~e or ~ce, any stubble a~cumulated at the leading edge oT th~
no~e portic~n can 8illlply d:rop and fall away from ~he tyne by el~v~ting it from the ~ro~nd and ~haki~g it if ne~es~
I)ue to ~h~ forward: projeetion of c:~nve~tional tynes and poi~t~, removal of the aee~ulated ~tu~ble ~anno~ be ae~ieved ~o ea~ily, due to ~he faet that the forward pro~etion of the poi~t provides à retaining surface on whieh the stubbl,e is preve~ted from ~;imply sliding off the . t~3, even whe~ it i8 lif d free from the gro~d.
It ~hould al80 be noted that the eeIltral l~catio~ of the rippi~g po~nt with re~p~3~t to the ro~t and re~r of the ~e ~ a whole ha~ the advant~geous effee~ of l~s~eni~g e ~ide draft fcsrel3 up~ ~he frame wh~n t~xIIing.
The furrowi~g mea~s ~ a~d eo~reri~g mea~ are î~egrally f~rmed: i~ a add~e ~llaped braelcet arrans~ement ~ich iR
fixedly attaehed at ~the sides of th~ main body o~ th~ t~ne 12~: to e~nd re~ardly the~r~m by ~uitab~e meanE sueh a~ ~eld,ins~ a~d pin~:L~g provided by the pîD~ 13~. A coyBr plate 1:35 ~u~:mo~ts at th~ pair:of ~urrowîllg ~oil deflector pla~es 1}5 80 th~t:~he plate~ lIS effec~i~rely depend f~o~q th~ cov~r plate 135 i~ a 8tlb. tantîally upright pobi~ n wheIl in the pre~cribed operatîve working pO~itiOIl., The furrowîng soîl defl~ctor plates ~ llS ar~ substa~tîally pl~ar and wi~ged shape~d, ~eing oppositely a~gled to : . proiect ou~ l~terall~ from eith~r ~ide o~ the ty~e. II1 t~is manner, they are a~le to engage the ground behînd the tyne a~d def ~ ect 80il la~rally either side of the tyne to form a pair of discrete furrows 1~1 for the ~eed. Th~
lower most ends 115a of the plates are di~po~ed at a level ~ ~ .
.
~VO 93/~1754 ~ ~i 3 4 6 4 6 P~r/A~193~00187 . -- 2,4 --a~o~ 1~ po~ ç~ t;h~ p~i~t 141 ~ a~ ~eii dept~ of Etl~0~8 il~ s~fic~y 1~88 t,~Ea~ ~e deipth o~ the ~:ci~ion ~:rme~ he ~e.
. . . . . .
. ~ 8 T~e cov~ri~g ~oi~ defl~c~or plates 129 ~re ~tegra~ly Eormed with che coYer plate 135r esgen~forming a pair of t~il~ w~g w~i~ pro~ect r~ar~ardly 3~n,d o~liquely ;~ ~: f~om ~e e~ o ~ a~e~1y. The cover~ oi~ def~ector ~: ~ : pla~es 129 are~ al80 su~taD.~iall~ planar and of triangular sb:ape, ~eing d~ipos~d n ~ignment directl~ behind the .
re~sp~ic~ive fu~ro~ng soil ~eflector pl~es 115 so as to engagl3 t~e ~soil~: a~ the ou~side of ~he re~pect~re ~urrows 151 a~d def~e~: ~e E~a~ne lateraIly acX088 ~he f~rrows, /ardly ~ to. :~ the~ :o~her: ~ide Q~ the :E~oW5. The ~hape o~
the def~ector~p1a~es 1.9: ~orm a .ce~tral passage directly :aligned with~:the~ rear ~of t~e tyne,~ wh~c~ pa88~e iB an inverte~ hape~ on~èque~tly,~th~ deflector:.pla~e~ 129 :with tb~:s~il deflecte~acrQss ~o ~he~ln~;de o-~ the furrow~
151 s~pe th~:sq~l between~t~ two~urrow~ i~ta a ce~tral ridge ~5~ a~ ~an~ best~een;~ igure ~5~
:Th~: coYer ~p1a~e~ 5~ ormed with a plura~ity ~f :aperture~, two~ of~ ~h~se~ aperture 137 accomm~ate fertiliser~:~bo~s~ l43~w~lc~ :~f~rm~p~r~ o~ ~he f~ r disch~rge;~ea~ a~d~two;~of~t~e~aperture~. 13~ a~commoda~e eed~oo~ 47~w~1ch:~or~pa~t~o~ t~e see~ disch ~ e ~ea~.
The two fer~ er:: ~perture~ an~. ~oo~s ~re di~posed ceD~rall~in~a~er~es~ me~ia~ely be~L~d t~e- re~r Qf the tyne~ a~d~ar~con~ec~ed ~o fe~iliser ~e~ivery ~ubes 14g o deposit ~ liser. lSS: from~ a~ fertiliser dis~harge source, beh~nd:~he t~ an~ i~to ~ke:~ottom of the incisivn formed behind ~he~deep~ripping point l41. -, Th~ seed apertures and boot~ are dispo~ed xearwar~ly of the fertili~er aperture6:a~d ~oots, but are di~poged latera1ly . :
WO931217~ 3 ~ 6 4 6 P~/A~3/001~7 ~ith respect t~ either side of the ce~ltre lin~ :Eorm~d by the ~y~e a~d ~he fertiliser ap~r~ure~ and boot~ d ~teriorly with re~p~ct to the coveri~g mea~s~ q~he s~ed apertures a~d ~ot~ are precisely positioned ~o that s~ed 157 delive~ed thereto from a seed di~charge souxt:e via re~pec~i~e ~sed. deli~rery tube~ 151 is.depQsited directly into ea~:~ furrow. 151 i~ediately after 80il i8 deflec~ed to th~ outside b~ the furrowi~g mean6 formi~g th~ ~urrclw a~d prior to th~ 80il being deflected back to the în~ide by the coverin~ mean~.
A erti1iser deflector plate 145 i8 fi~cedly attached to the under~ide of the coYer plate 135 to depend therefrom betwean t~e ~e~tili~er aperture~ and boots and the seed apertures and boots~ 80 aB to partition discharged ferti1is2r from ~d~scharged~eed~ Thi~ de~lector plat~ is centra1}y disposed :a~d: project~ anterior1y to deflect fert~ er: 155~ anterIor}y toward~ the rear a~ the tyne 80 that~it may~be depQ~sited~at the ~botto~ of the inci~ion created by::~he tyne~prior to this being covered ~y 80il a~
a co~sequence ~f the ~ubsequent furrow formation and overi~g. :
Now~::de~cribing :~the~ method ~y w~i~h ~aeding of a crop i~
achievedj using the~ seeding imp1ement assemb1y of the se~ond~e~bodiment,~the:tr~vell~ng frame is 8~t Up 80 t~at a ba~k of seeding Lmp1e~0nt a~emb1ies:~are~provided which are spaced ap~rt 1~terally a~ optim ~ di~t~e to promote atooling, ~or example~, in some soil typ~/ 14 i~che~ apart.
The~fe~ti1iser ~and.~eed~:discharge~mea~s of the a~se~b1ie~
are re pecti ly~co~ected via ferti1i~er and ~eed delivery tub~ to fertili~:er~ and ~ 6eed discharge ~ource~ a~d the travelling ~ame is~draw~ by a prime mover along a paddock to be ~own, ~with the :a~semblie~ being brought into engagement at a prescri~ed working positi~n with re~pect ~o the gr~und.
wo 93J21754 2 13 Ll 6 4 6 PcrlA~3!aol8 -- 26:-- .
-Ti4~ cu~g ~ea~ oiE ~ac:h ~ssem~ conti~uou~y ~Ut;8 2!tIli~c:isio~L ~hroug3h ~ surfat:e o~ ~he grou~d ~hrollgh which the l:~e cQns~it~g ~he deep rippin~ ~leme~t ca~
i~ollow~, The. t~D,e CO~lt;l~UOUB3~ deep rip~ the grou~d al~s~g the iDlci~io~ b~ v~u~ o~ ~he dieep ripping point being ai~po~ed at aD; appropri~e a~gle of atta-::k wi~;h re~pect to the . groun~ bRlow the :6tLr~a~e~ The ~arrow extent of the cu~g mea~s aIl~t.t~e and ~he con~e~uent ~cigion ~a~ i~
ormed en~les deep ripp~Ilg to ~ccur with minimal su~face disturbance.
. ~ ~
h~ ~ertil~er ~ means -con~i~uo~sly deposits fextl~er pro~ate to the ~o~tom of the i~ci~ion ~ed;ia~el~ upQn:~he deep r~.pping. of the gro~d by the t~e so hat ~er~ isex i& disposed ~ce~rtrally of th~ row a~
maximuDL depth. S~ltaneously, ~he furrowi~s mea~s forms two urrows :e~er:~ 8~ of t~e ~nc~ n at a relatively close sp~cing,~ for ~ple 4-6 ;i~che~ apa~, an~ at a muc~
Bha~lower ~ep~: t~ .~he~ i~ci~io~. ~he ~eed di~charge meanfl-su~iequent~F a~d co~tinuou~}y depc~ seed i~o ~he furro~ w~ the~.are i~Dsdiately co~e-r~ t~ ~er~ng mean~de~Lect1nq~oil~on~the~;out~Ld~ o~ ~he respecti~e furrQws, no~: only :~CrOSfi ~he~ furr~s, but ~i~o ~o the o~ntrer concentratLng~the 60iL ~o ~as ~ form a central ridge wh~c~remains after the pa~age of the implemen~
grm md~ pr~fi~ is~oDseque ~ ly ~chleved as shown in :figure 15i w~ere ~he seed; i& deep banded ~ ~h fertiliser.
Signi~ica~t~ the;;one li~e of.fertili~ex provide6 adequate nu~r~e~ : to t~ two ~i~es ~$ ~eed Wl~n a row. Thi not o~ly DU~C~mi6e~ the~effe~t of ~he ~erti~er use~, but also reduce~ t~e proport}onai amou~t o~.ertil~er ~equire~ for he s-ed~ T~u~ a seed to fertilise~ ratio 'n ~he ord~r o~
2:1 ca~ b~ ach~eved~: Furthermoret greater ~acing between the r~wg can be achleved ~hll~t main~aining yield, a : . . . .
W~ 93/217~ L 3 `~. 6 ~ ~ pcr~Au93Jaol87 ~ 27 ~
coroll~ r of whi~:h i~ improve~ ~tooli~g. ~dditio~ally, th~3 rema~illg ca~tral ridge chan~els wat~r re~ult~ ~rom precipita~ion i~to th~ coYer~d furrow~, whic~
particul~rly ~d~tageous in non-wetting 80il~.
.
Importantly, whil~t ~he a88eIDbly i8 operational, o}:~tacles ~ausing sQme impedim~nt to the ~orward movement of the a~ly will :Eorce the assembly rear~rdly agai~st the tensio~ provided by the b~a~i~g means. The par~llel li~kage arr~g~ment translates this retardation into an elevation of ~h~ as~embly with re~peet ~o the fix2d bar o the travelling frame and by virtu~ of the off-se~ p~rall~l arm~, eau~eg the fro~ of the tyne to ele~a~e more quic~ly than the rear of the tyne deer2asi~g the angle of a~aek oP
the poi~* t~ereby mitig~ting the lif~ing effect and the deep rippi~ eaused by the tyne as the point move~ towards the Eurf~e~. Cons~quently, mi~imal ~urf~ee distur~a~e i8 eaused miti~ting~he lifti~g of a~y u~derlying ~lay or the.
e, Impr~vi~eonserv~tion of the 80il . ~
It sho~ld be appreciated tha~ the ~cope of the p~e~t iI~veTltion i8 not limited to the partieular embo~lLm~nts here~ d,e~r~ed. In pa~ticular, ~it ~hould be apprecia~sd ;hat nc~tw~th~tarlding~ the ~a~t that ~he seediIlg m~t~od and p~ g sy~t~n haYe ~ been describ~d wi~hin t~ ~pe~i~îc ~od~m~tlts di~ected~ t oward the see~ ~mplemen~
assembly, ~hey ~ollethel~ co~stit~te independe~t forms o~
the in~e~ti~D..
In addition~ C~4Ilg~8 i~ accordance wit~ con~tional design practice ~an be mad~ t~ the æpecific d~sig~ of the ~eedi~g Lmplement a~s2mbly to allow the compe~sating mean~ itQ
i~ tion in ~l~e ~ame ~ a Eimilar manner as provided by ~he of~set parallel lin~age assembly of the li~kage a~
without ~ecessarily utilisi~g ~he precise de8ign described herein.
. .
Thi~ i~vent:Lon relat~ to a seediRg ~plem~t a~ nbly and m~th~d which ~ particular, but not ~xclu~i~re, utility in ~eedi~g pad~k~ for ~r~p produc~ion ha~ g ~hallow cla~
80iL18 or r~on-wetting ~oils whi~h have a ~hard pan" layer of ~o~l below the ~urface.
UH~rd pan~ ~oil~ occur in many of the crop produ~ g areas o~ Australia where f ine, non-wettiTIsF sand g~t~ compac~d over time to form E{ harcl layer of compag~ted 80il approximately three illches below ~he 13ur~ac~ of th~ ~oil d: which Q~erally i8 two to three inc:h~ t~ick. This lay~r can be~:om~ o hard that it do~ t allow root;~ of he ~:re~p to penetrate through to th~ s~il :b~eath a~d ~hus ends t~ i~hibit deep root~d crop growth. A ~imilar probl ari~e~ with ~h~llow clay soil whi~h al80 occur i~
~y c~op producing~ area~ ~throughout :the world..
ord-r~ to break~p ~his Hhard pan" layer; it i~ u~ual for far~ers to u~e~ agricu~tu~al: i~pleme~t~ for de~p rippillg of the ~oil prior~ t o or iIl ~o~junction with ~ee~
O~e p~:o~lem ~ enc:ou~tered with preYiou~ d~ep rippi~g techniques i~ that th~y generally c:aus~ ~uch di~rup~ion to th~: tQp ~ail a~d~generally r~ult 1~ a te~de~cy or 'ihard parlh or clay 23e~Ilt8~it5~ be lifted o~to the surfacè o~ th~
80il , ~ubse~[uently~ au~ing ~ealing over o:E the ~3urace which form~ a hard~crust through which ~the plant cannot pe~et~ate.
~ ~ .
With the increased 5en8ititrity of farmer~ to ~oil erosion :~::
213 ~ 1~46 W~93/21~S4 -PCEl~U93/~
.
-- 2. --probl~m~" th~3~e ~ e~d~ncy ~ m;rimi~2 ~rl~g Q:E the 57rou~d ev~ area~ wher~ "~ard pa~" o~ sha~;low cl~y ~o~
are ~o~ a ~r~ t~,~. iD r~csll~ E;~8& ~here is ~ m~c~ ater use m~de of ch~mic~ls t~ erad~cat~ or cut back o~ the prol~f~ratio~ ~cl regener~t~o~ o~ ~e~d~Ft ~ætead; of rely~ng ~po~ onven~ional w~xking back o~
paddocks wi~h animal grazi~g or cultiva~ o:E ~h~ ~ame;
X13w~rt with inc~eE~i3ec~ enYiromcelrta~ awa~e~ , th~ wide ~px~ad U8~ o:E chem~ca}~ l~as falle~ ou~ of fa~four a~d ~nde~d, ~he~re i6 a belie:E ~ngst ~he :E~nn}ng co~mnun~y tha~ tl~e uEe o$ pre-emergent che~Lcal~ :~or 8~;0pping weed re~erle~ation has ~ terlou~ :e~ect upon ~he crop~
In rec:ent ti:mas~, ~mproved ~ ing a~d 80Wi~l~. tec~i~ues ha~e. beeIl adopted to: provide ~fo~ better crop ~o~rth and for more ef~icie~t Ut~L. ation o.~ fe~:lliser~ One of th~
techni~ue6 ig known a~ deep ~ diD~/~. ~hi~:~ e~Be~ially ~vol~e~ depo~ g ~ti~ er at a~pre~c:r~bec~ dep1~h be~ow the ~eed 80 ~ha~ as~ t~ seed ~g=ate~r all opp~rtunity i~
pr~d ~ for ~ :COQ~ ~h tc~ d~velop a~l~ e~li~h ~elf efore ~e~ch~g~;h-e ~i~serr~hich othervFise ~bur~" ne~r r~ot: gro h d~ro~ g~ ~he ~ eed. T~ te~ aue i8 a ~Fa~t improv~Qe~t upt~ e~: :prior .a~ which. fi:hllpl~ in~rolved dopofiitl~ fe~tilise~:~concurr~y~witll ~:h~ ~e~, re~ultiTlg ~;S~a~ w~tage~ ~f~ both i~ar~ er ~;a~d ge~d~
th~ti~n~ng t;~e ~DVe~ent a~ ved ~y adopti~g d~ep b~ingr . pre~ellt p~an~ing ~d seediE~ 3c~ique~; for crop growinç~ ~ill ~vo~v~ ~he ba~ic prin~:~pl~ Df forming a re~atlhre~ d:eeE fu~:rQ~ ~ ~hich fer~ er i~ depo~i~e~, co~er~ng thi~ pa~ally~.w~th ~oil ~nd ~he~ depo~iting a }~e o s~e~ i~ à slngl~: xo~ di~ect~ ~o~e the ~er~ er.
~ccord~gly,. a rati~ of ~eed tc) :Eertili er ~ t~e 3rder of 1:~ is u ed. A di~ad~a~t~ge of ~ig~ however~ ia ~hat ~he er~:iliser caD oi~eIl provide q~i~e ~ ~ati6facto~y sourc~e o~
~utritic~ to more thaIi o~ ~eed at a: t~e, particularly '.
wo g3~2l~S4 2 1 3 ~ 6 4 ~ ~A~9~/Q~187 w;~h the wide ~pre~d use of ~uper-pho~phate ~hich proYides ~a ~r@ry cor~celltrated sQurce of nutritit)n for plank$.
Th~3refore p~en~ si~gle rc~w 80WiD.g m~hod~ ~o not provide i~or e~fi~iQn~ usag~ of ~ er.
In addition, i21 order to maximise yield, lt :t~as b~e~
~omtnonplace to dispose the rows of 8~ed and the i~di~rid~al se~ds themselvss with~ a rc~w, relatively ~lo~ely.
di~advantage of thi~ i8 that relative clo e spacing ~f ~eeds a~ct~ plant stooling, wb.ereby it has b~en fc~und tha~ the mor~ clo~ely planted i8 the ~ed, the les~er the nu~er of ~tools produc~d on ~ach pla~t duri~g growthO
In o~der ~o acco~aodate both fioil ero~orl and ehemical u~aga con~ideratio~6, it i~ an object o o~e asp~3~t of the preseIlt i~v~n~ion to provide a method of seediIlg ~ C:roI?
whic:h ~tigate~ Boil erosion a~d ~hances ~rop root growth/
par icular where there are ~hard p~" or ~hallow clay oil~ h~e~nore i~ i8 aTl obj~c:t for ~h~ me~hod to ~ti~ate or: ~ di~pe~e: with the use of a pre-e~n~rg~nt mical for s~ppi~g w~ed r~general:ion after the initial ~eding stage.
It iR an obje~t c~f a~a~her asp~¢t of the ~pre~ent inverltio~
to p~ovide ~ se~ding ~plem~3nt as~s~ly ~hich ~:a~ be u~ed i~ th~ afo~mentio~ed method.
An o~j~ct of eve~ further aspect~ of the inve~tio~ î~volve providi~g a~ improved ~eeding method aTld p~anti~g ~ystem, which ac:hieve~ re e~ficient utili~ation Qf- fertiliser a~d the ability to achiev~ greater plant stooling.
In ors~er to achieve at least ~ome of the aforemen~ioned object~, certain aspect6 of the present invention P~AV ~i 5 J (3 ~ I ~ f ~13 i~ 6 il ~ RE~::EI~E~ O 8 APR t994 contemplate cutting the ground initially to ~orm an incision by mean~ of either a cutting wheel or tyne and utilisirlg a deep ripping implement which follows the ~rack of the incision to deeply penetrate the ground cau~ing minimal surface disturba~ce and consequently providing for deep band seeding and fertilising to be effected. A
problem encountered with this technîque, however, particularly in "hard pan" soils, i~ that it has been difficult to maintain an op~imum and con~tant depth for deep ripping and banding of the seed and fertiliser due to ob~tacles encountered by the cutting wheel or tyne and~or deep ripping implement. ~~
Consequently~ it is a further and preferred object of certain a~pects of the present invention to pro~ide methods a~d apparat~s where appropriate which can alleviat0 some or all of the aforementioned disadvantage~ as~ociated with the u~e of previous methods and implements for seeding purposes.
:
In accorda~ce with one aspect of the pre~ent in~ention, there i~ provided a method for seeding a crop compri~ing:-continuously cutting an inci6ion through the ~urface of theground for a deep ripping Lmplement to traver~e;
con~inuously deep ripping the ground along ~aid inci~ion below the 6urface of the yround, ~aid d~ep ripping causing minimal ~urface disturbance;
continuou~ly depo~iting seed in a furrow formed below the surface within the deeply rippsd ground; and continuously covering ~aid furrow after the depo~iting of seed therein;
.
;
~D~;D
U
W093l~17~4 ~13 ~f~ G 4 6 rcr/~u~3~oDl~7 . . . ~
wherein said deep ripping, depositi~g o~ seed a~ co~ering i~ per~ormed ~ontinuousl~ along ~he entire longitudinal ~tont of said incision and at sub~tantially relatively c~stant depths with respect to ~ach othe~, at lea~t during the kime that ~aid ~uttin~ of ~aid incision and ~aid deep ripping i8 caused to temporarily fluctuate in depth due to minor obstacles or obs~ruction~ bei~g enc~untered during ~aid cutting.
Preferably, the relative angular po~ition of the deep ripping i8 altered in re6po~se to said tempo~a~y fluct~ations in depth 80 as to mitigate the lifting effect of ~eep ripping closer to the ~urface of the ground.
.
Preferably, ~aid method includes the step of continuously depositing fertiliser :prQxLmate to ~he ~ottom of said inciBioIl immediately; ~;follo~ing the deep ripping of the ground t~erealong~d~ formins~ said furrow at a level above the i~cision bottom, so as to deep ba~d said seed.
Preferably, ~the method inelude~:forFing said furrow eparateIy~ of ~said:deep ripping.~Pref~rably,-~aid method clude~forming a~pair of~6aid furrow~, one at either ~ide of ~said inoi~ion,~each:of;~sa~id furrows bei~g respectively covered:a~ter~the~delpD~iting of the~ eed therei~ In this manner the one~ ine~:of:~ deposited ertiliser serve~ to ertilige the~two lines~of deposited ~eed, the~e~y reducing the:amount of fertitiser required relative to the amount of eed. Furthermore, the p1urality of rows of ~ee~ enable~
the ;~ effective~ concentratiQn~ of s~ed to be reduced, rffsulting in~ ipcrea~ed ~spacing ~:between the seed which produce~ ~uch improved~st301ing.
Preferably, said method includes formins~ a central ridge of 80il betweeIl the :c~overed furrows. In this manner, water is ~ubse~uently ~ channelled into the covered furrow~ by the P~r~ S /' U ~ 1 8 7 2.~ 3 !~ 5 ~1 ~ R~ Ei3 ~ 8 APR 199~
.
efect of the ridge r aiding germination of the 6eed which is e~pecially advantageous for non-w~tting ~oils.
Preferably, said deep ripping, depositing of seed and covering i5 rapidly ceased upon encountering a major ob~tacle during said cutting after the entire longitudinal extent of said incision is deeply ripped, said fuxrow i~
formed, deposited with seed and covered.
In accordancé with another aspect of the present invention f there is provided a ~eeding implement assembly for mounting to a travelling f rame ~o as to engage the ground traverse~~
by the travelling ~rame, ~aid as~embly comprising:-a linkage for connection to the travelling frame;
a tyne for being directly connected to said li~kage saidt~ne having a deep ripping point disposed at the base of the tyne and a ground cutting mean~ for cutting an incision through the ground for the tyne to traverse;
a seed discharge means for mounting to the rear of said t~ne;
sai~ linkage being adapted to normally ~uspend said tyne and 6aid s~ed: discharge means in a prescribed operative working po~ition with re~pect ~o the travelling frame and the ground,: 80 that there ~exi~t~ a working spatial relation~hip between ~aid tyne and ~eed discharge means;
and ...
bia~ing mean~ for biasing ~aid tyne into ~aid prePcribed operative working positio~;
~ A~ ~ 3 J U U I ~ ~
? 2 1 3 -~. Ii 4. 6 wherein ~aid linkage includes compen6ating means for uRe in clearing an obstacle obstructing the travel of said ground cutting means, said compe~ating means being adapted to elevate said tyne and said seed di~charge means so as to clear the obstacle whilst simultaneously substantially.
maintaining the relative ~aid prescribed operative working position between said tyne and said eed discharge mean~
until at least ~aid ~yne is impeded from maintaining ~aid working position by the obstacle.
Preferably, the relative angular position of said point i~
altered in response to ~elevation of said tyne so as ta-mitigate the lifting effect of deep ripping caused by said point as the position of said point nears the surface of the ground.
.
Preferably, said compensating mean is formed by said linkage~being constructed in the form~of an off6et parallel linkage as~embly,~ comprising a pair of depending arms offset from the~ parallel with ~espect to each other, whereby the fir~t arm~i pi~otally connected at one end to the frame: and at:~:the:other end~to the front of said tyne, and the~seco~d :arm~: i8~:pi~otally:: ~co~ected at one end thereof to ~the~frame~rearwardly in~Qpaced~relation to the pivot~l axi~ of said:one end;of ~aid:first arm, a~d at the other end:of:s~ai~:~second arm to said~tyn~ rearwardly and i~
spaced:relation to:the pivotal axi~:of ~aid: other end of said :fir t arm,:~ such~that the pivotal axis of said other end of ~aid second arm is more elevated and closer spaced to said pi~o~al ~axis of the other end of said fir~t arm than: i8 the corresponding relationship betwéen the pivotal axes of the one ends:of said ~irst a~d ~econd arm~.
: ~ . .
Preferably, :~aid cu~ g méan~ comprises a no~e portion : projecting anteriorly rrom the front of ~aid tyne for ~E~JA~
~ p~f (ir)~l l~EGE~E~ ~ B APR ~9g4 2 1 3 ~ 6 4 S
cutting throush the ground.
Preferably, said nose i8 planar and is provided with a leading rectilinear cUtting edge sloped rearwardly from the bottom thereof.
By this arrangement, the tyne is able to slice through the ground and lift any surface material free from the grcund enabling the material to flow around the front, dispo~ing with the need for a cutting wheel.
Preferably, the seeding implement a~sembly includes ~
fertili~er discharge means interposed between said tyne and s~id ~eed discharge means so that fertili~er can be depo~i~ed into the incision formed by said tyne immediately behind the point of said: tyne.
Preferably/ the s:eeding~ Lmplement assembly include~ a tra~ling furrowing means for opening up the ground behind said tyne to form a furrow in which s~ed may be deposited at a level above the incision bottom, and covering mean~
disposed behind s~id:furrowing means to cover said seed ~depo ited into the~ furrow.
:
Preferably, a ~pair of: ~aid furrowing means are di~po~ed either side and rearwardly of ~aid ~yne for forming a furrow on each ~ide of said tyne, and a corresponding pair o~ said covering; means are provided for covering said furrows.
Preferably, said pair of covering mean~ are arranged to deflect covering soil for said~furrow6 ~o a~ to for~ a central~ ridge of oll ~between the furrows additional to co~ering said furrow~.
Preferably, said biasing means compri~es a pair of springs respectively connected at one of their ends to the frame and at the other of their e~d~ to the re~pective arms of A~ENDBD ~Er ~E~JAU
WO ~3/2175~ 6 ~ 6 P~/~
~ai~ kag~ be~weell th2 oppo~ing end~ of said arm~.
t:n acco~dance wi~h a further aspect of th* pr98e~1t in~r0~ion, ther~ i~ pro-rided a m~thod for ~aeding a crop mpri~i~g:
de~po~iti~g fertiliser at a fir~t pre~cribed level in a $ir~ e beneath the surface of the grouTld; and depo~it~ng seed in second lines at a ~eco~d prescribed le~el above the first pr~s~cribed level, .o~e said seco~ line being di~posed laterally to one s~de of ~aid first: line a~d the other said ~e~ d lîne being dispos~3d laterally ~o the other side ~f said fir~t lin~.
Pr~er~ly, ~he method includes fc:r~u~g a central ridge aloIlg t~e l3ur~ace of the grou~d betw~en the ~econd line~.
accordance wit~ a~a~her aspect of ~he prese~ in~rentio~, there i~ provided a pl~nti~g system ~:ompri~ g:
a li~e :~:of~ fer~iliBer~ disposed at a ~ir~t pre~cribed leve} ben~3ath ~he Rurface of the ground;
a pair ~o~:~ lines. o ~ ~ seed di~po~e~d a~ a ~co~d pr~scribed~ level above ;the fir~t pre~cribed level~ #0 : that one of ~h~ lineB of ~eed i~: di~pos~d la~erally ~o c~ sid~ ~f the ~ e of fer~iliser ~nd the other o~
the line~ af ~eed i~ dispo~ed laterally ~o the ot~er ~de ~f the li~e ~ fe~iliRer.
~: :
Pre~erably, a central ridge of ~oil i8 disposed b~tween fiaid furrow~ to cha~nel water into the furrow The lnventio~ wil 1 be better understood in the light ~f the ` .
wo 93~17~4 ~ 1 3 ~ G 4 1~ pcr/Au93~
.
i~o~l~ing de~cr~p~ion ~ tW~ 8pl~ fiC em~dimen~:8 I;~iere~of.
~e descripi:io~ i~ m~sde ~it~ referen¢e ~o t~e a~ccsmpan~ g ,p dX~i~lg8, ~her~
s P'~gure 1 ~8 n ~ide. ele~.ra~io~ of a ~d~nig ~plement asE~e~bly dispo~ed i~ ~ts ~o ~ all~ op~a~i~re ~o~king . p~it~on ~it~ respe ~ to the tra~ ng frame and ~e : ground i~ a~or~anc~ wi~h the first emboaim~nt;
.
.
Fislu:re 2 is a s~m~la~ ~rie~F ~o fi~ure 1 8h:0~ing a partia~ly retracte~ position of ~e ~emb~y where~y the cutt~llg~wheel is~marg~a~ly ele~r~ted ~o overcome a mino~ ~tacle whilst the tyne and ~eed discharge mean~ subs~antsally~ maintaLn ~heir prescr~bed ope~tiYe wor~~g ~s11;ion, Figure ~3 i~a;~ide elev~tion o~ ~he ~em~ly from the oppo6i~e~:~ida~ t~ hat show~ a~ ~igure ~ o~ the rawl~g~f~:a~ howing~ ~he~ a~s~ly i~ ~tg maxlmum retractéd~:;po&~io.~ wdth:both~the c~tting wheel iand tyne~:ele~ate~: from~ ~e~ g~oun~ as.wou~d arise when en ~ ~ a~immo~able~ob~tacIe;
Figure;~4;~ an~e~d view of~igur~ 1 with the ~ub~e guard~removed;
Figure ~ i&~a~ide elevat~o~ o~ a ~eedi~g ~ pleme~
d~spofied~ In~it~ormalty oper~ti~ worki~g po~itio~
:wit~ r~spe~ko~the t~avelling frame a~d the gxound in a~co~d. ~ wi~h the~.second~embodiment, Figure G~is~a~Lm~lar ~iew to ~ ffgure 1 howi~g the sse~bly ih ~ts mR~mum:retracted posit~on with b~th the ty~e~:and the seed discharge means eleva~ed from he ground a ~ would ari~e ~hen encountering a r~l~ti~ely immovable obstacle;
. . WO Q3/21754 ~ 1 3 ~ 6 ~ 6 P~/AU~3/W187 ~i~e 7 i~ a front e~d vi~w of ~h~ ~eedins~ i~pleme~t aa~ y as Rhc~w~ in ~igure 5 of t~s draw~ng~ with the spri~gs r~3mo~ed;
Figur~ a r~ar e~d view of the ~di~g implement a~s~ly a~ ~hown in figure 5 of the drawings;
~igure 9 i~ a ~ide elevatio~ of the ~eedin~ impleme~t a88embl~ with th~ linkage and travelling frame rem~Ted, bu~ ~o~i~g the seed di~charge means in more detail with the eeding and fertili~er boot~ attach~d t~reto;
Fig~re 10 i~ a per~peoti~re view e~ the tyne a~d geed di~chaxge m~ans~:of the se~ding implement ~8~embly in accordance with the cond embodiment;
igure 11 i ~ a p~r~pective ~ w o~ the 8UppO~ pla~
for the ~eed~ disch~rge me~ans;
, :
Figure ~12 i~ a re~lr top ~riew of the ~uppor~ plEIte own i~ ure~: il o. th~ ~awi~
Figure 13 ~ i8: ~ an Imd~rside; vie~ of the ~uppor~: plate sh~ iguro~ ~11 of the~ d;rawings, Figure 14~ a rear:end undexsi~le view of th~ ~uppor~
plate shown in fi~ure 11 OI the d~awings; ~d Figure ~5 i8 a~ cro~s-sectional gro~nd profi~e t~ken acrQ~s a ~portiQn~: of ground ~w~ich ha~ bee~ ~own u ing ths method ~ and th~ see~ding impleme~t a~ee~l~
de~cri~ed ~n~ the second embodiment, which ~hows t~e r~lat z ve po~itioni~g of the covered furrows, the cer~tral ridge a~d the ~own ~eed and f~rtili6er.
.
~WQ g3/217S~ ~ 13 ~ 6 PC~IAU93/~
he :l~ir~t ~d~t i~ ~re~ec~ towards ~ see~ing i~ple~ent a~ y tl wh~ch i~ o~e oî a ~k o~ ~u~
as~q~lie~ adapted $o be mou~ a tra~el~ fra~e (~t ~ho~L) wl~ch ~ ed a~ g ~he gro~d be~ind a pxime~ver ~no~ ~ accordlmce with con~renti.~nal fa ng pract~Ge a~d wi~ e d~e~r~ w~h refereIlce to Figures ~ 4.
:; T~ aasernbly 1~ i 6 E;ll~pended~ ~ouDt~ ~ed bax 13 .
e~tendi~g longitlid~a:lly of ~he ~rame ~rit~ respect ~o. the i~teIld~d c~irec~ ; of tra~Tel of th~ frame.
~: ~T~e ~lE;8elliE~ly ~en~ral~ly co~pri.ae~ a car~i:age 15~u~pe~de~
elc~w the ~ar 13~ m~a~s: Qî ~a l~nkag~ mpr~ a pair o~ rs~ arms::1~a ~:;apai~o~:~ec~ ,d antl& 17~, a grou~d `~ : : : ` :
engaging~ ~i~g :~wheel- 1~, a deep ripping ty~e 21~ a.
E~ i6~ Bd~r~mea~:s 23~ a seed~i~a~g~ means ~f bias~g mean~ 2~ rE;i}i~g covering w~e~ 29~
The carriage~ l5~ ectiv~y i~ t~e i~or~ of -an in~erted shap~:chalmel~men~er~the fro~t bot~o~ co;r~er~ l~a of w ~ c~ ~are~truncatèd and ~he botto~tra~ g edg~D of w~ich are.forme~:wit~`~a~p~ Qf ~ids 31, ~e a~ e1ther slde ~or resting opon t~surfa~e~of t~e gro~ d.
~he c~tting w~ee~ 19 is rot~tab~y ~ounted t~w~r~ the bottom ~f th~ carriage tS a~out:~ cen~ral ax~s 33 e~tend~g tr~n~er~el~o~;~ è;~carriag~:~nd ~oin~iden~ wi~h an axle: 35 upo~l w~i~ch t3~Le~hee~ mo~nted.~ e cutti~ ~rhe~1 19 ha~
a ~--~haped edge ~ 6ection ~stead oi~ ~ co~Y n~ioll~l t~in whee 1 80 tha~: t~ tti~g whe~ ut thro~gh the surface : . .
~: : of the ground m~ n~:a deep in~i&io~ w~ich can be ~sed a5 a ::
u~ro~ for ~ub~equent ~eeding in s.tubbl~ covered paddocks w~er~ a ~olTowing ty~e cannot be u~ed~ ~ the pre~e~t :
.
~ ` , ' . ' ..
W~93/21754 PCT/~Ug3/~5187 ~3 ~ ~46 embQdiment, howe~er, whera the a88embly has partieular utility for ~hard pa~ 80il8 whieh regui~e deep rippi~g, the ~utting wheel 19 i8 ad~pted to cut thr~ugh the ~urfaee of the ground 60 as to ~orm an ineision along whieh the ty~e 21 may ~ub~equently pa~s through without unduly di~turbi~g the ~urfaee of the ground a~d thus minimising the likelihood of soil eroeion.
The front of the earriage has a stubble guard 37 mounted thereto to defle~t mînor obstacle6 such a6 twig~ and stubble a~ay from the eutting wheel 19.
The linkage 17 is arrang~d 80 that the pair of first arm~
17a are pîvotal}y mounted at their upper end ~o either side of tha ~ar 13 ~ d their lower ends to either side o~ the earriage 15, 80 that~the pivotal axi8 of t~e lower end of the arm~ is eQineident~with the eentral axi~ 33 of the eutting wheel. ;The:pair of seeond arm~ 17b are relativ~ly d~spo~d with:re~pe~t: to the fir~t arm~, ~o that the first and second:arm~ form~an o$fse~parall~ lin~age arra~gement as shQwn in~the drawings. The upper ends of ~he sec~nd arms are 6imi1arly~:pivotally: moun~ed to the bar 13 a* a rearwardly~spaced~p~sition relati~e to th~ ~irst~ a~s 17a and ~:the ~lower~ end6 o the second~arms 17b are pi~4tally ~o~ted t~ the carr~age 15~, but in6tead of being di~posed to either side~of~he~ carria~e, the low~r end~ ~f ~he arm~
are~joined together~to bé~pi~otally mounted ~ide of the carriage 15 between~the in~er;side6 thereof. Th~ pivota1 axis:39 of .the lower end of the se~ond arms 17b i8 imilarly rearw~r~ly: ~spaced : :with re~pect to the.
correspo~ding:pivota~:~axi6 of the fir~t arms 17a, bu~ in contrast:to the relat~Ye dispo6ition of th~ pivotal axes of the upper ~nds of the first and seco~d arms, the pivotal axes of the low~ ends of the ~irst and second arm~ are closer spaced a~d furthermore the pivotal axis 39 of the ~econd arms 17b i8 marginally elé~ated ~n the carriage 15 WOg3/21754 ~13~
-- 14 .--re p~c:t kc t~ c~rr~ rli~g ~i~ro$a~ axi of the :Eir~t a~s w~i~h ~8 coinc~d~ wi~h t~e ce~ral ~is 33~
-~e t^~ ~ :LS i%~ mounted. ~ th~ seco~d arms ~7b l~etween th~ lower end~ thereo~ ~o ~E~ to be capab~ of p~v~tal :~ov~Ilt i~ coIliuDctior~ with ~h;e ~econd ~m~
rel~:ti~re ~c~ the c:~rriage 15, ~?he ty~le ~ ch2~acteri~ed 1~ haYiIlg a s~aDk portio~ of a n~ raIl~ver~e e~e~ of margi~ally le~;se~ dime~8ic~ thaI~ the corre8p~D;ding tra~sv~rse eætex~t o~ n~ wheel 19, a~ fihO~l in fig~ Z o~ the drilwing&r a~d ha:s ~ l~rger lo~g~udinal e~e~rt ~ the di~ec ion oi~ tr~vel fs:~r ~rerl~h~ ~he sh~k pc~ o~ i~ taper~d ~oward ~e leE~ding edge Z1~-t~ereo~ 80 a~ ~o :Eaci~itake d~e~? ~ippi~ hrough the Uhard pa~u layer, a~d ha~ a :Ela~eIled rear k~a~ ng end .21b to p~c~vide a pathway i~3r :E~ esr W~L~C~ ~ill be c~e~ri~e~ ~ mare d~:ai~ la~er~ :
: - .
he bo~tom of ~h~ t~ iB fit~e~ wit~ uita~le ~elta 8~1p~d ~oi~t 41: ha~n~ a. dow~w~r~y depre~sd a~d ~lunt T108~ ~G f~lita~ ~ormzltioll of a de~p furrow .;Eor deep ~g the ~d wi~h ;f~ er.
.
~ ~how~ e I of ~he ~aw~g&f tb,e ~a~or :: long,itudi~al ~he~ Z~ ularly o~ e~ h re~p~ ~o ~ corr~ ~g lcs~itud~nal ~Ki~ of the pair Q~ ~co~d ~ l~b.~ t~ def~e a rea~ward obtu~e a~gle w~ch pre~e~;~ ~he. t~e w~ a lag~ angl~ of ~ack relati~e to the ~ound.
~` :
.
~e ~er~ disc:h ~e m~:ans 23 ~:Efe~ti~ely compri~e~ a ~r boot 43 ::Eixedly ~u~ted wit~i~ the c:o~ es of the. c~rxiage 1~ betw~en~ ner slde directly behihd ~he : ~ . pair o$ seco~d: arm~ 17b alld t~e ~ e 21. Th~ fertiliser d~æcharge mea~ al~o i~dude~ a fer~ili er de:f~lector pla~e 4~ mou:~lted ~ert:ically to t~e reax o~ pair o:E ~eco~d - . .
~ ~ WO ~3t21754 ~ ~ 3 ~ 6 4 6 PCr/AU~3/00187 ~ 15 ~
ar~ 17b and which extends contiguousl~ to adjoin the tra~ g end 21b of the 3~ank of the ty~e 80 as to foxm a pathway for falli~g fertili~er to tra~el along the rear t~ailing e~d ~lb and deposit it~el~ into the furrow at the traili~g end of the p~int 41 im~ediately upon it being ~ormed ~y the tyne. Accordingly, the fertiliser ~oo~ 43 i8 c~nnected to a conventio~al fertili~er delivery tube (not show~) which iB in turn con~ected to a fer~ilise~ discharge source mounted in a~ ocation with the travelling frame.
The seed discharge means 25 similarly compri~e~ a s~eding boot 47 again fixedly mou~ted within the confines ~f the carriage 15 between the inner sides thereof, but rearwardly of the fertiliser dis~harge ~eans 23. The seed discharge means 25 al~o includes a ~eed deflector plate 49 which form~ part of ~a triangular ~-ghaped brack~t 51 pivotally mounted about a transverse axi6 53 at the end of the carriage for supportin:g the covering wheel 29. The seed defl*ctor plate 49 incorporates a lip which protrude~ from the bottom of the bracke~ 51 downwakdly 80 as to extend a ` ~ : :
margi~al dis~ance b*yond the ~ottom of the carriage defined by the: skid~::3i.~ The~seed deflector plate ~9 i8 disposed in a corre~ponding~;angular dispositio~ to th~ major longitudLnal axi6 of~the tyne 21 80 that ~eed falling from th~ boot 47 may~strike~t~e ~eed deflector plate 49 a~d follow:a p~th~ther~al~ng to be~depo~ited i~to the furrow at a loc~ ion re~rward~y spaced ~rom th~ corre~ponding posi~ion of the ty~e at that instant. Thi rearward E~acing between the deflec~or plate 49 a~d the rear trailing end ~1~ o~ the t~e iB ~uffici~nt to allow parti~l aoveri~g of the fertiliser depos:i~ed into the bottom of the furrow by the en~ o~ the d~fl~ctor plate 49 ~o that the ~eed may be deposited at a marginally higher position within th~ furrow, there~y achieving deep banding of the seed.
WO93~21754 ~ 1 3 ~ 6 ~ 6 ~/~
-- ~6 --.. . .
wit~ ~e ~e~iliEIer ~c~arge me~r ~e ~eed~g boot 4?
oi~ the ~e~d ~fi~harqe mea~ 25 ~!~ co~ec~ted to ~ ~eed ~le~ rery tube ~I~,Q~ how~ w~ich i~ tllrn i8 l:oD~ec~d t~ a ~ee~ disch~rg~ sou~ ot B~lOW~l~ al80 u~ted ir~
as.~c~cia~ion .Tith the tr~v~ g frame.
T}~ triaD~ular brac:ket 51 ~ pi~otall~ molm~ed to the carriage abou~ the. tran~verse pi~rotsl a~i~ 5~ w~ic~
di~po~ed :~ear~ardl~ d ~oward;s t~e ~op of . the carriage etw~en the i~0rt~1i6er boo~t 4~ a~d see~n~ boot ~i. T~Le es of t~e bracket p~ lec~ rearwardly ~rom - the ~ar of the c~rria~ge 15: irL para~le~paced rela~ioIlsh p to each ot:her ~o rotata~ly &uppo~:t th~ tra:~ling ct~e~ing w~ee3: 29 at t}~ ~e~r of ~e ca~age. The c~vering whe~t 29 i~ ~uch der~ ~e c~tt~ng wheel ig to compres~ ~he. to~ of the $urrow and t~& ~c~o~e~the~ ion f~nned ~3y ~he cutti:clg wl~el ~lg a~ hence~ cover the dep~ ed ~ee~ with ~oil .
The ~a~ me~s~ 2~ :compri~e~a teD;sio~ ap ing w~ich i~
~ustabl~ ted~ a~ ;o~ end 27a ~ ~ ;E?e~de~t bracke.t 55 se lr~mount:d~o~.~e~b~;~ 3 of the.~ frame and~ pi~tall~ ~
nountec~ ot~er~:~d.:betwee~; the. ~ec~d ~ 7b at a pos~ti~3n in~erm~d~t~l~ ~disposed betweei~ the . upper ~d lo~/er ~ds ~Q~ he ~: Beco~l arme~ The one end 27a cf the pr~g i~: fo~d~wLth~a ~threaded~bo~t sIld whi~ recei~re~ a ~ut; w}~ch I a~ uLrned~ ad~ui~: ~b;e ~en~lon i~ ~he spri~g e~d;end~Dg between ~t~e ~pendent~ plate ~ g5 and t~e pair oi~
con~ ~8 ~7~. ~ tl~is ma~er, rear~rar~ de:Ele~itic~ a~d thu r~trac~lo~ f ~ t~e carriag~ from iE:s normally presc~ibed: :o~erat~ue~ ~orkin~ ~po-~ition a~ shown i~ f~gure 1 d~awin~ oppc~d by ~he k~ he spring/
cau&~ng ~e ag.s~ly;;~o ~e~ur~ t~ ~s ~e~cri~ed operat~Ye wor~g po~on ~ whe~: a fo~ce causi~q such retraction p~te~ or l~. Dvercome.
Imp~rtaDl:yr the lillkaIge 17 ~cludes compensating mean~
': -:, . . .
.
W093/21754 ~ 13 ~ G 4 6 PC~/AUg3J~Ol~
~ic~ c~mes into oper~io~ whe~ the carriage i3 retracted for the p ~ ses of cleari~g an ob~tacle. ~or~oYer, the aompen~ating me~n~ i~ formed by the cQnstruction o the linkag~ a~ fin off~et parallel li~kage a~sembly, where~y ~he ~irst a~d s~co~d arms are oæfset from the par~llel wit~
re~pect to each other, ~s ~hown in figure 1 of the drawings, w~en ia the normal operative working position.
Co~seg~en~ly, when the cu~ting wheel e~counter~ a~ obstacle such as a ro~k, twig Qr ~ven hard ground, it i~ cau~ed to lift w~ereupon the compe~8ati~g mean8 ele~ate8 ~he cuttin~
wheel from its working spatial relations~ip with th~ tyne and the seed disch~rge means so as to clear the obstacle.
The arrangeme~t of the compen8ation mean8~ however, ~Lmultaneou~ly causes the tyne to lag this upward lifting movement by ~ing 8~8tantially î~depende~tly ~onnected of the carriage,~wh~reby its re~ative po ition i~ dictated by the ~ spo~ition~of~the:pair of second a~ms 17b. The offset parallel linkage aQs~mbly of the arms i8 ~uch that the tyne and pair of ~econd~ arm~ 17b correspo~dingl~ move ~t a different and~ ~retarded rate~relative to the cutting ~heel 19 and pair of~irs~; arms 17a. Conseque~tly, the tyne subs~antially~ mai~t~ins:~ its~ prescribed opexati~e workin~
positio~ simu1ta~eou~1y~w~th the ele~atio~ ~f the cutting wheel,~thereby~allow;m g~d~ep ripping and ~he ~eeding ~f the furrow:to b-;completed:~all~:the:;way along ~he inc~sion made by: ~he :cutting;:~ wheel 19 at a~con~tant maximal dep~h e~e~
though thexe may;;~be~ ~fluctuativns in the depth of the : :
ncisi~n caused by o~stacles encou~tered by the cutting ' wheel.
otwithstandi~g~this,:however, when a majar ob~truction i~
,, encountered b~: the~;:cutting wh~el cau~ing it to li~t : significantly a~d di6engag~ ~rom khe ~round, the linkage as:sembly will come~into operation cau~ing the ~ne to lift entirely f~m :engagement with the ground as in a ~onventional st~mp jump mechanism so a~ to a~id permanent :
W~3/21754 ;~ i 3 ~ 6 4 6 PCIl~U~3l~18 . 18 --.
dam~ge l~e:~ng c:~u~ed to t~e t~ by- ~:he ob~t~cl~.
~ar~hermo~e, osc:e the t~e comme~c~e~ ~if~cant rear~ar~l mo~reme~t, it ~ ?ve bo1;~ rear~ tg a~d upwardl~r quicl~y to di~engage from ~;he gr~u~d.
~ .
Th~s, tb;e ~:ompenE;at~g m~ i8 c}~aracterised by two i~pc~xta~t i~atu~e~, o~ ~g tIlat the ~e mc~eme~t i~
dampe~ed s~ ca:~tly With m~o~ f~.uc~uations in the height ai~ ~:he cutting w~el 80 as to effec~ively op~rate independe~y o~ tb~ ~;eigh~ o~ cuttinS~ wheel dur:Lng mi~o~ f~lIctuatlons.in ~e ~e~;gh~ o: the cuttinç~ whee~ ~u~
wi11 rapidly r~ra~t rom ~he grQurd.uE~o~ the c~t~ins w~eel co~t~uin~ ele~ratlo~ beyond; a prescr~bed threshold ~ight d~t~ed J~ ~he par~llel o~f~et ~o av~id major o~stac~le~.
:
Now de~;crThi~g t~e~ method of seeding a crop whic~ can be.
achi ed. usin~ the ~8~ dascrihed iT~ the present embodiment,: initia~ y~; a~ i on i~ continuous3~ cut ~hrough t~;e ~surfac~. of t~e gEo~ f~r a deep ripping im~lement :to ~i~o~o~. q~he grou~d. i8 ~hen ~ inuo1lsl;y ripped deep~ly~a1on~:1~e illCi8iC~Il to iEorm a n~rrow f ~ ro~
belo~ t~e surface~f: t~e grou~ :for ~ep~&i~in~ ~ee~, whereby :the :: deep- ripping caufle~ mi~Lmal $urface di~tur'oanc~. ~Fer~ili8er. i~ ~ then c~ntinuou~ly depo~ited tQ the narrow~urro~:imme ately upo~ i~ be ~ g formed and co~ered. :See-d~ then~ contLnuously dep~si~ed in~o ~he narrow f~rrow:at;~a~de~t~ whi~h iQ margi~a~ly ~igher than $ert~ e~, an~ finally is eontinNously covered o~e~ ~o deeply b~nd t~ e~d~ -, .
: T~e deep rlppi~g, fertili~e~ an~ ~ed depo~iting and ; :coYe~in~: are~ ~a~l per onme~ ~ontinuou~1y alo~g the ~nt1re lon~i~ud~al exten~ of ~he i~isio~ ~n t~ dire~tion ~f the ~Reedi~g opera~on- and at a sub~tan~i~lly co~stant depth which iE largely~independe~ of ~he depth ~ the inci~ion ~t lea~ during ~he tLme that t~e c~tting of the inGi~ion :
; WO 9~/217S4 2 ~ 3 ~ ~ ~1 6 PCIlAU~3/~1~7 i~ a~usec~ to temporarily fluc1:uate in depth due to mint~
ob~ta~:slas or o~truction~ b~ing ~3nc:0untered duri~g t~e cuttiIlg operation. Furthermore, the daap ripping, depositi~g ~f $or~iliser and seed ~nd covering i~ rapidly cea~d upon encouIltering a major obstac:le dur~g the cutting, after the entlre longitudi~al exte~t of ~he inci~ion i~ deeply rippe~d, deposited wit~ se~sd alld co~ered.
:
The second e~bodiment iB differen~ ~rom the ~ir~t ~odiment in many re~pe~ts and will be de~cribed with reference to fi~res: 5 through to 15. Moreover, the second embodiment i6 d~:rect~d toward~ a seeding i~lement assembly 111 which i~ su~pendedly mounted to a fixed bar 113 arranged ~la~ly wi~h re pect to a travelling rame a~ in :~ the first embodiment. ~: The assem~l~ 111 however, di~pen6~3s with the use of a carriage, a cutting wheel and a trailing ~: covering w~,eel; ~ut ma~ntains a:~ linkage 117 comprisi~g a pair o irst arms 117a~and~a pair of ~econd arms 117~, a dsep rip~i~g ty~ 121, a :f:ertili~er discharge means 123, a seed di6~harge means 125 and biasing means 127. I~tead of a ground engaging cu~ing wheel, the as~embly i~Gludes a ground ~clltting m~an~ in ~ the fo~ o a nose -p~ n 119 whic~ projects~ e~riorIy from ~he :fron~ of t~- tyne 121 for cuttirls~ :through: the ground,~ ~;and ~in~tead t~f the t~ailing :coverinçl wheel~,~ the~as~embly i~cludes a co~reri~g means in u~m of a ~pa`ir~of coverin~ ~oil defl~ctor plate~ lZ~.
P~dditional to the a88~ Ibly of the fir6t embodiment, the :afise~ly 111~include~ a furrowi~g mea~s irl the ~onn of a pair of furr~wing:soil deflector plate~ 115.
The ~08e 119 iQ planar ~a~d is pxo~ided w th a leadin~
rectilinear cutting edge whi~h in the prescribed operative ~: workiTlg posi~ior~ as ~hown in figure 5 of the drawings, i~
sloped r~arwardly from the hottom 131a to the top 131b.
The nose 119: projects anteriorly from the tyne ~uite .
~ ~ 3 ~ 6 WO93/~17S4 . . P~r/~U~3/00187 ~ a~ 8}IOWirl ~ t~e dra!lw~g~ a~d ~ a. ~onse~ ce of bei~g :E~rml3d GiE re~i~ly tb~ t~rial, or examl?lQ, . ~ix mill~metr~3 thic~s~ s:teel piater 1:~1& ~088 C~ CUt thr~ugh ~ ~olmd c~eatillg a requ~te i~ci~ jusl: a~
efec~ as ca~ a c:u~ti~s~ w~eel a~ a~e i~ the ~ odim~t. I~deedt a~ th~ n~s~e 11~ ~xte~d~ a~l the W~ ong th~ ~rQ~: o:E t~e ~e 121/. ri~b~ d~n to t~e bott~m of ~. tyne~ a, d~aper illc~sio~ i~ cre~ed tha~ i8 t~ ca~ wi~;h the cutting wl~el~
~ ted i~ the draw~llgs, th~ top i19a ~d bottom llgb of the n~ po-rtio~ ar~ s~re~g~hened by bei~sl formed of margi~ally t~;~cl~er ste.el plate, e;g. 16 ~nillime~res. The ~108e por~îo~ 119 i~ p~v-~3d with & }:~ot~o~ e~e ll9c which project~ exl~ly ~ a the bo~t;o~ o~ the ~e a~d i~
d~pos0d i~: a: Bu~t~lltiall~ horizonta~ pl~ne w~en iIl th~
pr~Gribed ~p~ati~re ~rking po ion a~d ~hus i~t~ec~
Uith t~ }~ad~ dge 131 at ~ a~ t~ ~g}e ~a ~g tO :EC~rm a 1~a~$ POi~t ~: ~e bQt~Om 131 Eac~ ta~eC ~Utt~9: i~hrOU
~:O~U~C~IO:a With the ~@ar~r~ 1QE~, a3~19WS ~e ~8~eIab~Y tO
pas~ ~ou~ ~tUbb1e: a~l Q~er S~e ina~eE~a~ W1~0U~
~ ~ musjor blo~l~as~3s. ~ e:~ctr~e~u~ B~r~ace mater~-a~ t~rld~ t~
ed :Ere~ rc;k t~e gro~ e~ ~ t~ w ar~und frQ~t. ~ ~h~ ty~er a~ g t~e l~kelihood s:~ it beillg pressed i~o ~ grouIld ~er~ ~t e~ r~t a~ fec~
ge~ tioIl, a ~roblem e~c~ r~: w~:h ~h~ us~ of c:u~tlng a~ p3;~ wheal~. kddi~ona~ , loo~ acles ca~ fl~w pa~ ~he ~yrle i~ a; ~im~l~r :~[a~er wi~;hQ~au~ ng ur~ e lift~g o:E ~he ~ y, a proE~ h ~he u~;e o:E
wheels whi~ te~i ~a ro~l o~r~r ob~t;a~les~u~h as tump~
:aUsi~a ~due ~ ~g~
The li~ka~e 117 ~s subs~antially sim~l~r to tl~e li~kag~ o:E
t~e fir~ d;-~me~ except that the pair ~ fir~t arms 117a are pi~tally mounted at th~ir lower ends ~o eit~er W0~3~17S4 ~ 1 3 -~ 6 Q 6 PCT/AU~3~001X7 side of the front part of the top 119a of t~e no~e po~tio~
1~9, instead of to the carriage and cutting whee1 as in the ~irst embod~ment. In addition, both the first ~rm8 117a a~ seco~d axms 117b ~re respective1y outwar~ly curved as shown i~ ~igures 5 and 6 of the drawingg. This curvature i8 important to:maximise the elevation tha~ can be achieved from lifting ~f the ~6embly w~th respect to the fixed bar 113, enab1in~ the relat~e angular po~itio~ of ~he ty~e lZ1 to be altered and be maintained in it~ altered po~ion to mitigate ~he lifti~g effect of the deep ripping cau~ed by it, as it approaches :~he maxima1 elevated po~ition, a6 hown parti~ularly in fi ~ re 6 of $h~ drawing Impor~ntly~ the off-set para1lel linkage arrangement of the arm~ which form the co~pensating means i8 maintainedr wher~by the ~pacing between the:pivota1 axes of the upper end~: of ~he fir6t ~d se~ond arms i8 ma~ginally greater than the ~pacing~:betwee~ the:p~votal:axes of the lower ends of the f; r t and second 8rm8 . In a typical example of t~e pre~e~t embodiment, this ~pacinq:b~tw~en the upper ends iB
approximately 9~25 :~nches~and ~the corresponding ~pBCi~g batween:the lowe~ end~ i8 8.875 in~hes.
The:bia ing~mea~s~lZ7~again i8 ma~ginally dif~rent ~o the iasing ~mean~ adopte~:in:thè~first~embodiment. ~oreov~r, the~bia~ing mea~s~l27 comprises~two~te~ion spring~, 127a ~nd~ 7b~ w~ich~: are respectively co~nected to the pa~r of first arm6~1l7a~ d::the~:pair of ~econd axms 1~7b, as shown in figure 1 of ~ the: drawings. ~otwith~ta~ding the plurality of ~ension 6pr~ng~:invoIved in the second embodLmen~, the iasing ~ef ect:of:the6:~:Qpring6~:0n thé linkage a~rangement in~bia~ing~ thé~ ty~e~ 121:~int~ the pre~cribed workins~
po6i~ion,: i8 préci6ely: the ~6ame a6 the biaæirlg means of the firs~ embodiment.
:
:~ : The main body of the tyne~ 121 as :opp~sad to the fir~t : embodiment, iæ not:integrally formed with the second arms ~; :
~: :
WO 93l21754 ;~ 1 3 ~ 6 !1 6 P~/~U~0~187 --- ~2 --~17b. t~ e~e~t}~ re~:t~ve ~gul~ po~it,~on of the ~e 12~ i~ allow~ o a~;~er with re~p~ o ch~:ges in ~e ahg~lar po~i~on~g .~ ~e pai~ o:E s~aond: ~rms 117~, enabling a d~ffere~ ~g effa~t or~ i:he t~e ~o be }.
ach~ eveid ~ha~; iff ~ ca~e in ~e ~irs~ enibodi~ent .
M~reo~e~, ~he t~ei i21 ~ Arly pro~d~:d w~h a deep r~pp~n~ point 14 at the }ra~e ~her~a:E whic~ i~
a~tia~ plaz~r, del~a shap~d an~ ~o~ed, as :i.8 ~he ca~e in the ff:rs~ odiment,. :~owever ~he angu~ar po~itioniIlg ~ thi~ nt during elevatio~ o~ the a~se~ibly wit~ re&pec~t ~ the ~$ia~ed bar 113, is oppo~ite to tha~
achie~e~ l~e ~ s~ e~odin~ent~ Tha~ lS, due ~ the ~ela~iv~-pi~oti~g ~etween t~:e palr Qf sec:oIld anrls ll7b and t~e ~e 121t the; ç~eneral pra~e of the po;ln~ ~:41 16 brou~ht rom a~ ~itia~:a~;aclci~ig~angle with.re~?~ct ~o the ground, as ~i~ show~ fi~u~ 5 o: t~ -~aWl~lg~;t w~:en i~ ~he pre~ 3per~t v~ ~or ~ng pO8i~tiQTI as ~ xeq~ixed: for ~ep rip~i$gr~ to;~ 8tlb8t;~ti~Lly parallel. pG~it~on wit~
re p~ to ~ gro~ a ~e a88~bL~ ; eleva~ed as i8 8h~ ~ ig~re~ 6~ o ~t~e drawinç~ ~lU~r a .t~ tyn~ 121 progr~ vely ~}evat~sr tke~ lif~ing ~ec~ on ~oi~ callsed by the ~in;~ 1;41 red~ ~ ~e~rs ~e ~ur~ac~ ~f ~e grou~, ~ena~ g~ po~ ~ be ~i~ted i~rom QU~; of ~h~
grou~d, ~`min~g~ oil~ turbance a~ ~he s~rface ~;d tig~t~g~:t~e ~ f~ ~: ~y ~derl~ing ~lay to ~he a~:e~ : :
Thu~ ~IE a resul~ :~f ~he off--set li~ age a~ra~ngeme~, the ro~ o: ~h~ ~e~ i~ t~1:ed ma~ }a~ly up~rard~y rela~ive to he rear of the ~ne, ~&~mu~ eously ~;th the eleva~ion o$
tyne as :4 ~e~ arraDgement al~o enhances ~he h r2pid c~ear~ae- a~ he ~:u~inS~ ~aEe from t~e grau~d ~hen enco~ter~çr ~ ~IImnovs}~le o~sta~le.
., . ~ .
t s-~oul:d be ~o~ed ~ ~h~ nose portion 119 i5 di~;pC)~;ed co~tiS~uously with ~he front of the rippin~ point 141 and WO 93/21754 ~ 1 3 ~ B ~ 6 PCr/~U93/-00187 con~ ly ~rith t~e r~ulta~ ty~e, there i~ no l~adi~g c~tchi~ edge or f~ce, a~ i8 in the cass o~ a normal ~d point ~oIIfiguratio~ on which ~tubble ~an aeclLmula~3 ~d catch, making it dl fic~llt to remove withollt manual effort. ~oreover, due to there being ~o ca~ching ed~e or ~ce, any stubble a~cumulated at the leading edge oT th~
no~e portic~n can 8illlply d:rop and fall away from ~he tyne by el~v~ting it from the ~ro~nd and ~haki~g it if ne~es~
I)ue to ~h~ forward: projeetion of c:~nve~tional tynes and poi~t~, removal of the aee~ulated ~tu~ble ~anno~ be ae~ieved ~o ea~ily, due to ~he faet that the forward pro~etion of the poi~t provides à retaining surface on whieh the stubbl,e is preve~ted from ~;imply sliding off the . t~3, even whe~ it i8 lif d free from the gro~d.
It ~hould al80 be noted that the eeIltral l~catio~ of the rippi~g po~nt with re~p~3~t to the ro~t and re~r of the ~e ~ a whole ha~ the advant~geous effee~ of l~s~eni~g e ~ide draft fcsrel3 up~ ~he frame wh~n t~xIIing.
The furrowi~g mea~s ~ a~d eo~reri~g mea~ are î~egrally f~rmed: i~ a add~e ~llaped braelcet arrans~ement ~ich iR
fixedly attaehed at ~the sides of th~ main body o~ th~ t~ne 12~: to e~nd re~ardly the~r~m by ~uitab~e meanE sueh a~ ~eld,ins~ a~d pin~:L~g provided by the pîD~ 13~. A coyBr plate 1:35 ~u~:mo~ts at th~ pair:of ~urrowîllg ~oil deflector pla~es 1}5 80 th~t:~he plate~ lIS effec~i~rely depend f~o~q th~ cov~r plate 135 i~ a 8tlb. tantîally upright pobi~ n wheIl in the pre~cribed operatîve working pO~itiOIl., The furrowîng soîl defl~ctor plates ~ llS ar~ substa~tîally pl~ar and wi~ged shape~d, ~eing oppositely a~gled to : . proiect ou~ l~terall~ from eith~r ~ide o~ the ty~e. II1 t~is manner, they are a~le to engage the ground behînd the tyne a~d def ~ ect 80il la~rally either side of the tyne to form a pair of discrete furrows 1~1 for the ~eed. Th~
lower most ends 115a of the plates are di~po~ed at a level ~ ~ .
.
~VO 93/~1754 ~ ~i 3 4 6 4 6 P~r/A~193~00187 . -- 2,4 --a~o~ 1~ po~ ç~ t;h~ p~i~t 141 ~ a~ ~eii dept~ of Etl~0~8 il~ s~fic~y 1~88 t,~Ea~ ~e deipth o~ the ~:ci~ion ~:rme~ he ~e.
. . . . . .
. ~ 8 T~e cov~ri~g ~oi~ defl~c~or plates 129 ~re ~tegra~ly Eormed with che coYer plate 135r esgen~forming a pair of t~il~ w~g w~i~ pro~ect r~ar~ardly 3~n,d o~liquely ;~ ~: f~om ~e e~ o ~ a~e~1y. The cover~ oi~ def~ector ~: ~ : pla~es 129 are~ al80 su~taD.~iall~ planar and of triangular sb:ape, ~eing d~ipos~d n ~ignment directl~ behind the .
re~sp~ic~ive fu~ro~ng soil ~eflector pl~es 115 so as to engagl3 t~e ~soil~: a~ the ou~side of ~he re~pect~re ~urrows 151 a~d def~e~: ~e E~a~ne lateraIly acX088 ~he f~rrows, /ardly ~ to. :~ the~ :o~her: ~ide Q~ the :E~oW5. The ~hape o~
the def~ector~p1a~es 1.9: ~orm a .ce~tral passage directly :aligned with~:the~ rear ~of t~e tyne,~ wh~c~ pa88~e iB an inverte~ hape~ on~èque~tly,~th~ deflector:.pla~e~ 129 :with tb~:s~il deflecte~acrQss ~o ~he~ln~;de o-~ the furrow~
151 s~pe th~:sq~l between~t~ two~urrow~ i~ta a ce~tral ridge ~5~ a~ ~an~ best~een;~ igure ~5~
:Th~: coYer ~p1a~e~ 5~ ormed with a plura~ity ~f :aperture~, two~ of~ ~h~se~ aperture 137 accomm~ate fertiliser~:~bo~s~ l43~w~lc~ :~f~rm~p~r~ o~ ~he f~ r disch~rge;~ea~ a~d~two;~of~t~e~aperture~. 13~ a~commoda~e eed~oo~ 47~w~1ch:~or~pa~t~o~ t~e see~ disch ~ e ~ea~.
The two fer~ er:: ~perture~ an~. ~oo~s ~re di~posed ceD~rall~in~a~er~es~ me~ia~ely be~L~d t~e- re~r Qf the tyne~ a~d~ar~con~ec~ed ~o fe~iliser ~e~ivery ~ubes 14g o deposit ~ liser. lSS: from~ a~ fertiliser dis~harge source, beh~nd:~he t~ an~ i~to ~ke:~ottom of the incisivn formed behind ~he~deep~ripping point l41. -, Th~ seed apertures and boot~ are dispo~ed xearwar~ly of the fertili~er aperture6:a~d ~oots, but are di~poged latera1ly . :
WO931217~ 3 ~ 6 4 6 P~/A~3/001~7 ~ith respect t~ either side of the ce~ltre lin~ :Eorm~d by the ~y~e a~d ~he fertiliser ap~r~ure~ and boot~ d ~teriorly with re~p~ct to the coveri~g mea~s~ q~he s~ed apertures a~d ~ot~ are precisely positioned ~o that s~ed 157 delive~ed thereto from a seed di~charge souxt:e via re~pec~i~e ~sed. deli~rery tube~ 151 is.depQsited directly into ea~:~ furrow. 151 i~ediately after 80il i8 deflec~ed to th~ outside b~ the furrowi~g mean6 formi~g th~ ~urrclw a~d prior to th~ 80il being deflected back to the în~ide by the coverin~ mean~.
A erti1iser deflector plate 145 i8 fi~cedly attached to the under~ide of the coYer plate 135 to depend therefrom betwean t~e ~e~tili~er aperture~ and boots and the seed apertures and boots~ 80 aB to partition discharged ferti1is2r from ~d~scharged~eed~ Thi~ de~lector plat~ is centra1}y disposed :a~d: project~ anterior1y to deflect fert~ er: 155~ anterIor}y toward~ the rear a~ the tyne 80 that~it may~be depQ~sited~at the ~botto~ of the inci~ion created by::~he tyne~prior to this being covered ~y 80il a~
a co~sequence ~f the ~ubsequent furrow formation and overi~g. :
Now~::de~cribing :~the~ method ~y w~i~h ~aeding of a crop i~
achievedj using the~ seeding imp1ement assemb1y of the se~ond~e~bodiment,~the:tr~vell~ng frame is 8~t Up 80 t~at a ba~k of seeding Lmp1e~0nt a~emb1ies:~are~provided which are spaced ap~rt 1~terally a~ optim ~ di~t~e to promote atooling, ~or example~, in some soil typ~/ 14 i~che~ apart.
The~fe~ti1iser ~and.~eed~:discharge~mea~s of the a~se~b1ie~
are re pecti ly~co~ected via ferti1i~er and ~eed delivery tub~ to fertili~:er~ and ~ 6eed discharge ~ource~ a~d the travelling ~ame is~draw~ by a prime mover along a paddock to be ~own, ~with the :a~semblie~ being brought into engagement at a prescri~ed working positi~n with re~pect ~o the gr~und.
wo 93J21754 2 13 Ll 6 4 6 PcrlA~3!aol8 -- 26:-- .
-Ti4~ cu~g ~ea~ oiE ~ac:h ~ssem~ conti~uou~y ~Ut;8 2!tIli~c:isio~L ~hroug3h ~ surfat:e o~ ~he grou~d ~hrollgh which the l:~e cQns~it~g ~he deep rippin~ ~leme~t ca~
i~ollow~, The. t~D,e CO~lt;l~UOUB3~ deep rip~ the grou~d al~s~g the iDlci~io~ b~ v~u~ o~ ~he dieep ripping point being ai~po~ed at aD; appropri~e a~gle of atta-::k wi~;h re~pect to the . groun~ bRlow the :6tLr~a~e~ The ~arrow extent of the cu~g mea~s aIl~t.t~e and ~he con~e~uent ~cigion ~a~ i~
ormed en~les deep ripp~Ilg to ~ccur with minimal su~face disturbance.
. ~ ~
h~ ~ertil~er ~ means -con~i~uo~sly deposits fextl~er pro~ate to the ~o~tom of the i~ci~ion ~ed;ia~el~ upQn:~he deep r~.pping. of the gro~d by the t~e so hat ~er~ isex i& disposed ~ce~rtrally of th~ row a~
maximuDL depth. S~ltaneously, ~he furrowi~s mea~s forms two urrows :e~er:~ 8~ of t~e ~nc~ n at a relatively close sp~cing,~ for ~ple 4-6 ;i~che~ apa~, an~ at a muc~
Bha~lower ~ep~: t~ .~he~ i~ci~io~. ~he ~eed di~charge meanfl-su~iequent~F a~d co~tinuou~}y depc~ seed i~o ~he furro~ w~ the~.are i~Dsdiately co~e-r~ t~ ~er~ng mean~de~Lect1nq~oil~on~the~;out~Ld~ o~ ~he respecti~e furrQws, no~: only :~CrOSfi ~he~ furr~s, but ~i~o ~o the o~ntrer concentratLng~the 60iL ~o ~as ~ form a central ridge wh~c~remains after the pa~age of the implemen~
grm md~ pr~fi~ is~oDseque ~ ly ~chleved as shown in :figure 15i w~ere ~he seed; i& deep banded ~ ~h fertiliser.
Signi~ica~t~ the;;one li~e of.fertili~ex provide6 adequate nu~r~e~ : to t~ two ~i~es ~$ ~eed Wl~n a row. Thi not o~ly DU~C~mi6e~ the~effe~t of ~he ~erti~er use~, but also reduce~ t~e proport}onai amou~t o~.ertil~er ~equire~ for he s-ed~ T~u~ a seed to fertilise~ ratio 'n ~he ord~r o~
2:1 ca~ b~ ach~eved~: Furthermoret greater ~acing between the r~wg can be achleved ~hll~t main~aining yield, a : . . . .
W~ 93/217~ L 3 `~. 6 ~ ~ pcr~Au93Jaol87 ~ 27 ~
coroll~ r of whi~:h i~ improve~ ~tooli~g. ~dditio~ally, th~3 rema~illg ca~tral ridge chan~els wat~r re~ult~ ~rom precipita~ion i~to th~ coYer~d furrow~, whic~
particul~rly ~d~tageous in non-wetting 80il~.
.
Importantly, whil~t ~he a88eIDbly i8 operational, o}:~tacles ~ausing sQme impedim~nt to the ~orward movement of the a~ly will :Eorce the assembly rear~rdly agai~st the tensio~ provided by the b~a~i~g means. The par~llel li~kage arr~g~ment translates this retardation into an elevation of ~h~ as~embly with re~peet ~o the fix2d bar o the travelling frame and by virtu~ of the off-se~ p~rall~l arm~, eau~eg the fro~ of the tyne to ele~a~e more quic~ly than the rear of the tyne deer2asi~g the angle of a~aek oP
the poi~* t~ereby mitig~ting the lif~ing effect and the deep rippi~ eaused by the tyne as the point move~ towards the Eurf~e~. Cons~quently, mi~imal ~urf~ee distur~a~e i8 eaused miti~ting~he lifti~g of a~y u~derlying ~lay or the.
e, Impr~vi~eonserv~tion of the 80il . ~
It sho~ld be appreciated tha~ the ~cope of the p~e~t iI~veTltion i8 not limited to the partieular embo~lLm~nts here~ d,e~r~ed. In pa~ticular, ~it ~hould be apprecia~sd ;hat nc~tw~th~tarlding~ the ~a~t that ~he seediIlg m~t~od and p~ g sy~t~n haYe ~ been describ~d wi~hin t~ ~pe~i~îc ~od~m~tlts di~ected~ t oward the see~ ~mplemen~
assembly, ~hey ~ollethel~ co~stit~te independe~t forms o~
the in~e~ti~D..
In addition~ C~4Ilg~8 i~ accordance wit~ con~tional design practice ~an be mad~ t~ the æpecific d~sig~ of the ~eedi~g Lmplement a~s2mbly to allow the compe~sating mean~ itQ
i~ tion in ~l~e ~ame ~ a Eimilar manner as provided by ~he of~set parallel lin~age assembly of the li~kage a~
without ~ecessarily utilisi~g ~he precise de8ign described herein.
Claims (24)
1. A method for seeding a crop comprising:-continually cutting an incision through the surface of the ground for a deep ripping implement to traverse;
continuously deep ripping the ground along said incision below the surface of the ground, said deep ripping causing minimal surface disturbance;
continuously depositing seed in a furrow formed below the surface within or proximate to the deeply ripped ground;
continuously covering said furrow after the depositing of seed therein;
said deep ripping, depositing of seed and covering being performed continuously along the entire longitudinal extent of said incision and at substantially relatively constant depths with respect to each other, at least during the time that said cutting of said incision and said deep ripping is caused to temporarily fluctuate in depth due to minor obstacles or obstructions being encountered during said cutting; and altering the relative angular position of the deep ripping in response to said temporary fluctuations in depth so as to mitigate the lifting effect of deep ripping closer to the surface of the ground.
continuously deep ripping the ground along said incision below the surface of the ground, said deep ripping causing minimal surface disturbance;
continuously depositing seed in a furrow formed below the surface within or proximate to the deeply ripped ground;
continuously covering said furrow after the depositing of seed therein;
said deep ripping, depositing of seed and covering being performed continuously along the entire longitudinal extent of said incision and at substantially relatively constant depths with respect to each other, at least during the time that said cutting of said incision and said deep ripping is caused to temporarily fluctuate in depth due to minor obstacles or obstructions being encountered during said cutting; and altering the relative angular position of the deep ripping in response to said temporary fluctuations in depth so as to mitigate the lifting effect of deep ripping closer to the surface of the ground.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1, including continuously depositing fertiliser proximate to the bottom of said incision immediately following the deep ripping of the ground therealong and forming said furrow at a level above the incision bottom separately of said deep ripping so as to deep band the seed.
3. A method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, including forming a pair of said furrows, one at either side of said incision, each of said furrows being respectively covered after the depositing of the seed therein; and forming a central ridge of soil between the covered furrows.
4. A method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, including rapidly ceasing said deep ripping, depositing of seed and covering upon encountering a major obstacle during said cutting, after the entire longitudinal extent of said incision is deeply ripped, and said furrow is formed, deposited with seed and covered.
5. A seeding implement assembly for mounting to travelling frame so as to engage the ground traversed by the travelling frame, said assembly comprising:-a linkage for connection to the travelling frame;
a tyne for being directly connected to said linkage, said tyne having a deep ripping point disposed at the base of the tyne and a ground cutting mean for cutting an incision through the ground for the tyne to traverse;
a seed discharge means for mounting to the rear of said tyne;
said linkage being adapted to normally suspend said tyne and said seed discharge means in a prescribed operative working position with respect to the travelling frame and the ground, so that there exists a working spatial relationship between said tyne and seed discharge means;
and biasing means for biasing said tyne into said prescribed operative working position;
said linkage including compensating means for use in clearing an obstacle obstructing the travel of said ground cutting means;
wherein said compensating means is adapted to elevate said tyne and said seed discharge means so as to clear the obstacle whilst simultaneously substantially maintaining the relative said prescribed operative working position between said tyne and said seed discharge means until at least said tyne is impeded from maintaining said working position by the obstacle; and wherein the relative angular position of said point is altered in response to elevation of said tyne so as to mitigate the lifting effect of deep ripping caused by said point as the position of said point nears the surface of the ground.
a tyne for being directly connected to said linkage, said tyne having a deep ripping point disposed at the base of the tyne and a ground cutting mean for cutting an incision through the ground for the tyne to traverse;
a seed discharge means for mounting to the rear of said tyne;
said linkage being adapted to normally suspend said tyne and said seed discharge means in a prescribed operative working position with respect to the travelling frame and the ground, so that there exists a working spatial relationship between said tyne and seed discharge means;
and biasing means for biasing said tyne into said prescribed operative working position;
said linkage including compensating means for use in clearing an obstacle obstructing the travel of said ground cutting means;
wherein said compensating means is adapted to elevate said tyne and said seed discharge means so as to clear the obstacle whilst simultaneously substantially maintaining the relative said prescribed operative working position between said tyne and said seed discharge means until at least said tyne is impeded from maintaining said working position by the obstacle; and wherein the relative angular position of said point is altered in response to elevation of said tyne so as to mitigate the lifting effect of deep ripping caused by said point as the position of said point nears the surface of the ground.
6. A seeding implement assembly as claimed in claim 5, including a fertiliser discharge means interposed between said tyne and said seed discharge means so that fertiliser can be deposited into the incision formed by said tyne immediately behind the point of said tyne.
7. A seeding implement assembly as claimed in claim 5 or 6, wherein said compensating means is formed by said linkage being constructed in the form of an offset parallel linkage assembly, comprising a pair of depending arms offset from the parallel with respect to each other, whereby the first arm is pivotally connected at one end to the frame and at the other end to the front of said tyne, and the second arm is pivotally connected at one end thereof to the frame rearwardly in spaced relation to the pivotal axis of said one end of said first arm, and at the other end of said second arm to said tyne rearwardly and in spaced relation to the pivotal axis of said other end of said first arm, such that the pivotal said of said other end of said second arm is more elevated and closer spaced to said pivotal axis of the other end of said first arm than is the corresponding relationship between the pivotal axes of the one ends of said first and second arms.
8. A seeding implement assembly as claimed in claim 7, wherein said arms are outwardly curved so that as said tyne is elevated and the angular position of said point is altered, the tyne may be accommodated at a maximal elevated position where the general plane of said point is substantially parallel to the ground, minimising the lifting effect thereof, and said cutting means is elevated from said working spatial relationship with respect to said tyne.
9. A seeding implement assembly as claimed in any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein said cutting means comprises a nose portion projecting anteriorly from the front of said tyne for cutting through the ground, said nose being planar and being provided with a leading rectilinear cutting edge sloped rearwardly from the bottom thereof.
10. A seeding implement assembly as claimed in any one of claims 5 to 9, wherein said deep ripping point is substantially delta shaped and is disposed at an attacking angle with the leading edge lower than the rear edge when in said normal operating position, said point being formed with a truncated blunt nose.
11. A seeding implement assembly as claimed in any one of claim 5 to 10, including a pair of trailing furrowing means disposed either side and rearwardly of said tyne for opening up the ground behind said tyne to form a furrow on each side of said tyne in which seed may be deposited at a level above the incision bottom, and a corresponding pair of covering means disposed behind said furrowing means to cover the seed deposited into the furrows.
12. A seeding impleme assembly as claimed in claim 11, wherein said pair of covering means are arranged to deflect covering soil for said furrows so as to form a central ridge of soil between the furrows additional to covering said furrows.
13. A seeding implement assembly as claimed in claim 11 or 12, wherein each said furrowing means comprises a furrowing soil deflector plate disposed when in said prescribed operative working position to engage the ground and deflect soil laterally to one side behind said tyne to form the corresponding furrow.
14. A seeding implement assembly as claimed in any one of claims 11 to 13, wherein each said covering means comprises a covering soil deflector plate disposed when in said prescribed operative working position to engage the soil at the outside of the corresponding furrow and deflect the soil laterally across the furrow covering the furrow and further to the other side of the furrow.
15. A seeding implement assembly as claimed in claim 13 or 14, wherein a said furrowing soil deflector plate is substantially planar and wing shaped, and is disposed substantially upright in said prescribed operative working position.
16. A seeding implement assembly as claimed in any one of claims 13 to 15, wherein a said covering soil deflector plate is substantially planar and of triangular shape, and is disposed obliquely in said prescribed operative working position.
17. A seeding implement assembly as claimed in any one of claims 13 to 16, wherein said seed discharge means fertiliser discharge means include a cover plate overlying said furrowing means formed with apertures to accommodate respective seed and fertiliser boots, said apertures being disposed such that a said aperture for accommodating a fertiliser boot is disposed centrally with respect to the tyne and anteriorly with respect to said aperture(s) for accommodating one or more seeding boots, such that fertiliser may be deposited immediately rearwardly and at the base of the deep ripping tyne.
18. A seeding implement assembly as claimed in claim 17, wherein said apertures for accommodating at least a pair of seeding boots are disposed laterally with respect to the tyne and anteriorly with respect to said covering means so that seed may be deposited directly into the respective furrows formed on either side of said tyne prior to covering by said covering means.
19. A seeding implement assembly as claimed in claim 17 or 18, wherein a fertiliser deflector plate is provided to depend from the underside of said cover plate between said apertures for fertiliser boot(s) and seed boot(s) so as to partition discharged fertiliser from discharged seed and to deflect discharged fertiliser anteriorly towards the rear of said tyne.
20. A method for seeding a crop comprising:
depositing fertiliser at a first prescribed level in a first line beneath the surface of the ground;
forming a pair of furrows and depositing seed in second lines therein at a second prescribed level above the first prescribed level, one said second line being disposed laterally to one side of said first line and the other said second line being disposed laterally to the other side of said first line;
subsequently covering the furrow; and forming a central ridge along the surface of the ground between the second lines.
depositing fertiliser at a first prescribed level in a first line beneath the surface of the ground;
forming a pair of furrows and depositing seed in second lines therein at a second prescribed level above the first prescribed level, one said second line being disposed laterally to one side of said first line and the other said second line being disposed laterally to the other side of said first line;
subsequently covering the furrow; and forming a central ridge along the surface of the ground between the second lines.
21. A planting system comprising:
a line of fertiliser disposed at a first prescribed level beneath the surface of the ground;
a pair of lines of seed disposed at a second prescribed level above the first prescribed level, so that one of the lines of seed is disposed laterally to one side of the line of fertiliser and the other of the lines of seed is disposed laterally to the other side of the line of fertiliser, said lines of seed being disposed in covered furrows;
wherein a central ridge of soil is disposed between said furrows to channel water into the furrows.
a line of fertiliser disposed at a first prescribed level beneath the surface of the ground;
a pair of lines of seed disposed at a second prescribed level above the first prescribed level, so that one of the lines of seed is disposed laterally to one side of the line of fertiliser and the other of the lines of seed is disposed laterally to the other side of the line of fertiliser, said lines of seed being disposed in covered furrows;
wherein a central ridge of soil is disposed between said furrows to channel water into the furrows.
22. A method for seeding a crop substantially as herein described in any one of the preceding embodiments.
23. A seeding implement assembly substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings in any one of the preceding embodiments.
24. A planting system substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings in any one of the preceding embodiments.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AUPL215992 | 1992-04-29 | ||
| AUPL2159 | 1992-04-29 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2134646A1 true CA2134646A1 (en) | 1993-11-11 |
Family
ID=3776133
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2134646 Abandoned CA2134646A1 (en) | 1992-04-29 | 1993-04-29 | Seeding implement assembly and method |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2134646A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1993021754A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112512298A (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2021-03-16 | 西蒙·罗伯特·弗兰克·卓别林 | Seeding device |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AUPN460395A0 (en) * | 1995-08-04 | 1995-08-24 | Techsearch Incorporated | Ground following opener apparatus |
| BR9607568A (en) * | 1995-11-03 | 1999-11-30 | Kverneland Kleepp As | Implement for making furrow for sowing |
| AR102012A1 (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2017-02-01 | A M A S P A | UNIT AND METHOD OF LABRANZA DEL TERRENO |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU1855383A (en) * | 1982-09-01 | 1984-03-08 | Ryan, J.W. | Seeding and fertilising assembly |
| AU2911784A (en) * | 1983-06-07 | 1984-12-13 | Pfeiffer, D.I. | Constant depth combined cultivator and seeding implement |
| GB8415562D0 (en) * | 1984-06-19 | 1984-07-25 | Halford J W | Placement system |
| AU581581B2 (en) * | 1984-10-27 | 1989-02-23 | Amazonen-Werke H. Dreyer Gmbh & Co. Kg | Seed drill |
| AU593254B2 (en) * | 1985-06-12 | 1990-02-08 | Ian Malcolm Janke | Improved planting implement |
| US4831945A (en) * | 1987-11-25 | 1989-05-23 | Deere & Company | Opener assembly with depth gauging from a press wheel |
| AU5055090A (en) * | 1989-02-27 | 1990-08-30 | Austin Timothy Ryan | Tillage and sowing implements |
| CA2066214C (en) * | 1989-11-17 | 1998-09-15 | Ian Geddes | Direct drill stump jump seeder |
| AU7732491A (en) * | 1990-05-25 | 1991-11-28 | Agrowtech Australia Pty. Ltd. | A mounting for a coulter and inverted t boot |
| AU653344B2 (en) * | 1990-06-22 | 1994-09-29 | Christopher Robert England | Constant depth band seeder |
| NZ237288A (en) * | 1991-03-01 | 1994-11-25 | Massey University Substituted | Seed sower with rotatable ground-slitting blade and scraper therefor: sub-surface tine forms horizontal slot for seed deposition |
-
1993
- 1993-04-29 CA CA 2134646 patent/CA2134646A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-04-29 WO PCT/AU1993/000187 patent/WO1993021754A1/en active Application Filing
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112512298A (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2021-03-16 | 西蒙·罗伯特·弗兰克·卓别林 | Seeding device |
| CN112512298B (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2023-10-17 | 西蒙·罗伯特·弗兰克·卓别林 | Sowing device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1993021754A1 (en) | 1993-11-11 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| FZDE | Dead |