CA2113148A1 - Pressing tool for pressing a cylindrical pressing member or a pressing member comprising a cylindrical pressing portion onto a round profile - Google Patents
Pressing tool for pressing a cylindrical pressing member or a pressing member comprising a cylindrical pressing portion onto a round profileInfo
- Publication number
- CA2113148A1 CA2113148A1 CA002113148A CA2113148A CA2113148A1 CA 2113148 A1 CA2113148 A1 CA 2113148A1 CA 002113148 A CA002113148 A CA 002113148A CA 2113148 A CA2113148 A CA 2113148A CA 2113148 A1 CA2113148 A1 CA 2113148A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- press
- pressing
- press die
- dies
- pressing tool
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
- B21D39/04—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of tubes with tubes; of tubes with rods
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
- B21D39/04—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of tubes with tubes; of tubes with rods
- B21D39/046—Connecting tubes to tube-like fittings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
- B25B27/00—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for
- B25B27/02—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for connecting objects by press fit or detaching same
- B25B27/10—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for connecting objects by press fit or detaching same inserting fittings into hoses
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Automatic Assembly (AREA)
- Mounting, Exchange, And Manufacturing Of Dies (AREA)
- Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
- Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
- Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Pressing Tool for Pressing a Cylindrical Pressing Member or a Pressing Member Comprising a Cylindrical Pressing Portion Onto a Round Profile The pressing tool (10) comprises a plurality of press dies (48) for pressing the pressing member onto the round profile from all sides. The press dies (48) are provided with pressing surfaces (50) for abutting the pressing member during the press-connec-ting procedure. Further, two lever arms (14) are supported at the pressing tool (10), which, respectively, comprise a holding end section (20) and an actuating end section (26) between which the lever arms (14) are supported so as to be rotatable about rotational axes (16). At the holding end sections (20), two press die holding members (22) for holding two press dies (48) are rotatably supported; this is the only connection between the press die holding members (22) and the lever arms (14). Due to the rotatable support of the press die holding members (22), the latter move towards the pressing member during the press-connec-ting procedure in a centered manner, i.e. they are radially moved towards the pressing member. If the press dies (48) are guided at the press die holding members (22) so as to be dis-placed in a direction being transversely to their pressing di-rection, provision is also made that the pressing surfaces (50) move radially to the pressing member.
(Fig. 3)
Pressing Tool for Pressing a Cylindrical Pressing Member or a Pressing Member Comprising a Cylindrical Pressing Portion Onto a Round Profile The pressing tool (10) comprises a plurality of press dies (48) for pressing the pressing member onto the round profile from all sides. The press dies (48) are provided with pressing surfaces (50) for abutting the pressing member during the press-connec-ting procedure. Further, two lever arms (14) are supported at the pressing tool (10), which, respectively, comprise a holding end section (20) and an actuating end section (26) between which the lever arms (14) are supported so as to be rotatable about rotational axes (16). At the holding end sections (20), two press die holding members (22) for holding two press dies (48) are rotatably supported; this is the only connection between the press die holding members (22) and the lever arms (14). Due to the rotatable support of the press die holding members (22), the latter move towards the pressing member during the press-connec-ting procedure in a centered manner, i.e. they are radially moved towards the pressing member. If the press dies (48) are guided at the press die holding members (22) so as to be dis-placed in a direction being transversely to their pressing di-rection, provision is also made that the pressing surfaces (50) move radially to the pressing member.
(Fig. 3)
Description
3 ~ ~ 8 Pressing Tool for Pressing a Cylindrical Pressing Member or a Pressing Member Comprising a Cylindrical Pressing Portion Onto a Round Profile The present invention generally relates to a pressing tool for pressing a cylindrical pressing member or a pressing member comprising a cylindrical pressing portion onto a round profile and onto a pipe conduit in particular.
Such pressing tools are used for press-connecting pipe conduits with connection pieces or the like, so-called fittings, for press-connecting cable lugs and connectors with electrical con-ductors (solid profiles) and for similar purposes. The term 'Iround profile" as used herein is meant to comprise hollow pro-files as well as solid profiles. A solid profile, for example, can also be a wire rope.
When~press-connecting a pipe conduit onto the support body of a fitting by means of a pressing member surrounding the pipe con-duit, the main aspect is the tight connection between the fit-ting and the support body thereof, respectively, and the pipe conduit after the press-connecting procedure. The pressing mem-ber is three-dimensionally deformed during the press-connecting procedure. While the fitting and the pressing member may be made of metal, the pipe conduit may altogether consist of plastic material or be a multi-layered composite pipe having two plastic layers of preferably crosslinked polyethylene and a metal layer, e.g. of aluminum, which is arranged therebetween and serves as diffusion barrier. On the one hand, such multi-layered composite pipes have the properties (flexibility) of a plastic pipe and, on the other hand, the properties of a metal pipe as far as the diffusion barrier iB concerned. The demands on press-connecting 3~
cable l~gs and connectors t~ith electrical conductors are inas-much comparable with the demands on the tightness o~ a pipe conduit connection as a positive and non-positive connection between the electrical conductor and the cable lug or the con-nector, respectively, is to be established.
From DE 34 23 283 A1, a pressing tool of the afore-mentioned kind is known which comprises two lever arms being supported between two housing parts so as to be rotatable about two axes arranged in parallel. At both sides of the fulcrums, one holding end section and one actuating end section, respectively, extend from both lever arms. Substantially, the two lever arms can be aligned so as to be parallel to each other. Two press dies are arranged at the two holding end sections. One press die, respec-tively, is supported at a holding end section so as to be rotat-able about an axis being parallel to the rotational axes of the lever arms. The two press dies comprise substantially semi-cir-cular recesses facing each other the peripheral surfaces of which comprise the pressing surfaces for pressing the pressing member onto the round profile. In case of lever arms substan-tially extending in parallel, the two press die recesses form a closed relief when the two press die surfaces facing each other abut. The movement of the two lever arms in such a manner that the two press dies move towards each other is produced by an axially displaceable hydraulic or otherwise driven piston with rolls the peripheral surfaces of which can be brought into en-gagement with the lever arm actuating end section inner surfaces facing each other. In other wordæ, the two lever arms are simi-lar to two knee levers, the holding end sections of the two lever arms, for press-connecting, being moved towards each other by means of the roll drive- In the known pressing tool according to DE 34 23 283 A1, the two press dies are actively and control-ledly guided. Each press die comprises a guide bolt immersed into a guide groove in one of the two housing parts. Due to this controlled guidance, the construction of the known pressing tool is rather complicated.
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From EP 0 452 791 A1, a pressing tool is known in which the holding members holding the press dies are supporLed, via a guiding member, on t~Jo lever arms in a controlled manner. With this pressing tool, it is difficult to guide the parts to be press-connected in a centered manner. Without such a centered guidance, tilting may occur which makes an exact press-connec-tion impossible.
From EP 0 504 490 A1, a tool having three press dies is known, wherein che two press dies are fixedly and rigidly connected to the lever arms. The third press die is stationarily supported on the member connecting the two lever arms.
Finally, from US-A-3 575 036, a pressing tool is known wherein the four press dies are individually pivotably supported and pivot about their pivotal axes a~ainst the parts to be press-connected during press-connection.
It is the object of the invention to provide a pressing tool for pressing a cylindrical pressing member or a pressing member com-prising a cylindrical pressing portion onto a round profile, which ensures a reliably non~positive and positive press-connec-tion while having a relatively simple construction.
In order to solve this object, the invention suggests a pressing tool of the afore-mentioned kind comprising two lever arms being rotatably supported and comprising one holding end section and one actuating end section, respectively, between which the lever arms are rotatably supported, and wherein a plurality of press dies,for pressing the pressing member from all sides onto the round profile are provided, the press dies comprising pressing surfaces adapted to abut the pressing member during a press-connecting procedure, and wherein two press die holding members for respectively holding at least one press die are provided, the two press die holding members being rotatably supported at the holding end sections of the two lever arms without any con-trolled guidance.
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At the holding end sections of the two lever arms of the pres-sing tool according to the present invention, press die holding members are rotatably supported, at which, respectively, at least one press die, preferably more, particularly two press dies, are expediently exchangeably supported. Thus, holding members and press dies are preferably separate elements. The only connection between the press die holding members and the pressing tool is the rotatable support of the press die holding members at the holding end sections of the lever arms. According to the invention, no provision is made for a controlled guidance or controlled movement of the press die holding members relative to the lever arms upon pivoting the lever arms for the purpose of pressing or opening the pressing tool. The pressing tool according to the invention is rather configured such that, dur-ing the press-connecting procedure, the two press die holding members move centrically towards the pressing member. This hap-pens automatically, since their press dies or the pressing sur-facas thereof, respectively, abut the pressing member. Due to the fact that these pressing surfaces abut the peripheral sur-face of the pressing member, an automatic centering is effected without there being any need for a controlled guidance of the press die holding members. This means that even with a simple construction (the press die holding members are only rotatably supported at the lever arms), a reliable press-connection is ensured since the press die holding members are always moved towards the pressing member in a centered manner.
The pressing tool according to the invention can be realized with lever arms being parallel to each other, i.e. with knee levers, as well as with two lever arms crossing each other and being rotatably supported, relative to each other, in their crossing point. The clearance of the rotational movement of the press die holding members is to be configured such that, during the entire press-connecting procedure, i.e. with their pressing surfaces abutting the pressing member, the press die holding member5 can turn relative to the holding end sections of the lever arms so far that they are always radially moved onto the pressing member. Furthermore, it should be possible to pivot the '~
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press die holding members in the opened state oî the pressing tool so that the pressing tool can be opened in order to encom-pass a fitting to be press-connected.
In an advantageous development of the invention, the press dies are displaceably supported at the press die holding members. At least two press dies are supported at at least one of the two press die holding members so as to be displaceable in a direc-tion extending under an angle which is not zero with respect to the movement of the pressing surfaces of the press dies during the press-connecting procedure. Preferably, at least two press dies are respectively displaceably supported at both press die holding members. In case of cylindrical pressing surfaces, it is particularly advantageous to support the press dies at the press die holding members so as to be displaceable in a direction being tangential to the pressing surfaces. The advantage of the displaceable support at their press die holding members consists in that the pressing surfaces of the press dies are always ra-dially moved towards the pressing member during the press-con-necting procedure, i.e. during the centered movement of the press die holding members towards the pressing member. This results in an optimal press-connection of the pressing member with the pipe.
Preferably, the press dies of each press die holding member are arranged such that they are arranged at a mutual angle of 90.
The press die holding members respectively comprise a V-shaped recess in whose side flanks extending orthogonally with respect to each other the press dies are displaceably arranged. In the press-connecting position of all press dies, these are offset from each other by 90.
During the press-connecting procedure, the press dies are pre-ferably moved into the displacement direction against the bias force of springs; in other words, the press dies are, at the beginning of a press-connecting procedure, spring-biased into their original position, i.e. into their start position. While the press dies, in their original position, are spaced from 3 L ~ ~
_ 6 their neighbors, they abut in their press-connecting position and form a substantially closed press die ring.
In an advantageous development of the invention, it is provided that the pressing surfaces of the press dies are configured such that they are already in contact with the pressing member to be pressed on when their press dies are in their original posi-tions. Naturally, this contact cannot be brought about over the entire pressing surface, since the radius of the convex pressing surfaces is smaller than the radius of the pressing member prior to the press-connection. Since the difference between the radii, however, is relatively small and preferably in the range of about 1 mm, the pressing surfaces quasi abut the peripheral surface of the pressing member. Thus, the contact pressure can be applied from all sides over the entire peripheral surface of the pressing memher in the region of the press dies from the start of the press procedure. This also improves the press-con-nection.
Principally, the pressing surfaces may have any shape. The press dies, for example, may be provided with smooth inner or pressing surfaces facing each other. Advantageously, it is provided that the press dies comprise line-shaped concave pressing surfaces.
Preferably, they are formed by forming grooves into the smooth concave pressing surface of each press die, which results in line-shaped and parallel-extending projections. Advantageously, the line-shaped pressing surfaces or projections are spaced from each other when the press dies are in their press-connecting end position and abut each other with their radial side surfaces.
The line-shaped pressing surfaces cause a groove press-connec-tion accompanied by contraction of the three-dimensionally de-formable pressing member. The entire pressing surface, for exam-ple, is comprised of the inner surfaces of three rings being formed by the projections on the inner surfaces of the press dies, which face each other- Squeezing of the material of the pressing member in the area between successive pressing surfaces of adjacent press dies does not arise during the press-connec-tion, since the pressing member material "drains off towards the :, -: ':`: ': :-. ` . ' ' ', ' ~1~3~ ~8 bulges in this area because of inner mechanical s~ress between the constrictions and bulges.
Advantageously, the line-shaped pre5sing surfaces are adapted to the configuration of the fitting as far as the relative position of the projections of the press dies is concerned. Typically, a pipe conduit fitting consists of a support body onto which a pipe conduit end is pushed and a pressing sleeve surrounding the pipe conduit end. When using press dies with the a~ove-described pressing surfaces, the supporting body of the fitting is provid-ed with peripheral beads being axially offset with respect to the projections of the pressing surfaces of the press dies.
Each holding member comprises reception cavities for the press dies. Advantageously, the reception cavity for a press die is realized in such a manner that the press die - at its side op-posite to the pressing surface - comprises a stud or protrusion insertable into a reception cavity at the holding member and being guided therein so as to be longitudinally displaceable.
The width and depth of a reception cavity are substantially equal to the thickness or projecting length of the press die stud; the length of a reception cavity, however, is greater than the length of the stud by the amount by which the press die is displaceable. The press die, which insofar is partially po~
sitively inserted into the reception cavity through its stud, is reliably held therein while permitting movement.
The springs urging the press dies into their original positions are advantageously respectively arranged between the facing ends of the studs of both press dies supported at a holding member and the reception cavity surfaces being opposite to these stud ends. The pressure springs press the two press dies of a holding member apart so that the press dies are spaced from each other without any stress, i.e. pressing against a pressing member without any pressure force. The pressure springs are held in pocket bores of the press die studs.
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AdvantageoUsly, the press dies are lockingly inserted into the reception cavities of the holding members; thus, the press dies can be exchanged against other without any difficulty, each press die being reliably held.
In case of a locking connection between the press die and the allocated reception cavity, the locking elements are immersed into longitudinal locking hollows formed in the cavity inner surfaces, so that the locking elements also have a guiding func-tion in order to longitudinally displaceably guide the studs and thus the press dies relative to the respective holding members.
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In an advantageous development of the invention, the pressing tool comprises at least one fixed guiding element comprising two open guiding recesses for receiving and axially fixing and guid-ing a fitting between the guiding recesses in a centered manner during the press-connecting procedure, which guiding recesses are substantially oriented towards the holding end sections of the lever arms and are in alignment with each other. For reasons of construction, the pipe connection and the pressing tool move relative to each other during the press-connecting procedure.
Thereby, the distance between the pipe connection and the ful-crum(s) of the lever arms is changed. Although the amount of the relative movement is not important, it is nevertheless present.
In order that the parts to be press-connected, i.e. the fitting, the pipe and the pressing membex, do not change their axial position relative to each other during the press-connecting procedure, the pressing tool according to the invention prefer-ably comprises the fixed guiding element which axially fixes the fitting and guides it in a centered manner. Without any centered guide of the fitting, i.e. without any provision for holding or arranging the fitting respectively in the center of the press die ring surrounding the fitting, there is the danger of press die tilting, resulting in an improper press-connection. The guide recesses are open to the holding end sections, i.e. when the pressing tool is open, the fitting, which has been introduc-ed between the press dies along with the pressing member and the pipe, protrudes with one section being configured for the axial ~` 9 2~3~ ~
fixing into the axial guiding recess which is open t~ the front end of the pressing tool.
Preferably, the guiding recesses are limited at both sides by one pair of guiding element guiding projections, respectively, one outer projection of the fitting, which preferably is con-figured as a peripheral projection extending over the entire periphery of the fitting, being held so as to be enclosed bet-ween the guiding projections of the two guiding recesses in order to axially fix the fitting. This means that the two guid-ing recesses of the guiding element surround the fitting at both axial sides of the fixing or outer projection. Thus, the fitting is secured against axial displacements as well as guided in a centered manner, and this during the entire press-connecting procedure.
Preferably, one guiding element, respectively, is provided at both sides of the pressing tool. Thus, the pressing tool need not be turned to secure the fitting by means of a guiding ele~
ment. While the two guiding recesses of one guiding element are in alignment with each other, in a direction parallel to the rotational axis of the lever arms, all guiding elements -, i.e.
four guiding elements in this case - are in alignment with each other and with the press die ring which is closed in the press-connecting position and is arranged between the two pairs of guiding recesses. If there are two guiding elements, the press-ing member can preferably be axially fixed between the inner guiding elements by preferably arranging the guiding projections of the inner guiding recesses of the two guiding elements, which face each other, in the direction of the two fronts of the pres-sing member and limiting the axial movements thereof.
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the invention is explained in detail with respect to the Figures, in which:
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Fig. 1 shows a top plan view of the pressing tool in its -closed state, the roll drive for closing the holding :
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arms for the purpose of press-connecting the pressing member being indicated, ig. 2 shows a side view of the pressing tool according to Fig. 1 in the direction of the arrow II, ig. 3 shows an illustration of the pressing tool similar to that of Fig. 1, the connecting plate between the two lever arms, however, being removed in order to clarify the press dies and the holding members thereof which are rotatably supported at tha lever arms, ig. 4 is an illustration of the pressing tool similar to that according to Fig. 3, but in the opened state, ig. 5 is a section along the line V-V of Fig. 3, ig. 6 is a section along the line VI-VI of Fig. 5, ig. 7 is a section through the pressing tool along the line VII-VII according to Fig. 1, and ig. 8 is a section along the line VIII-VIII of Fig. 1.
In the Figures, a knee lever pressing tool 10 for pressing a cylindrical pressing member or a pressing member comprising a cylindrical portion onto a round profile, in this case a pipe conduit, is shown~ The pipe conduit with the fitting, which are connected posit.ively and non-po5itively by means of a pressing member, are indicated in the illustration according to Fig. 8.
The pressing tool 10, which is shown in top view in Fig. 1 and in side view in Fig. 2, comprises two plates 12 being parallel to and spaced from each other between which two knee levers or lever arms 14 are rotatably supported. Each lever arm 14 can be rotated about its own rotational axis, both rotational axes 16 being parallel to and spaced from each other. At both sides, each lever arm 14 extends beyond its rotational axis 16. The two sections of the two lever arms 14 extending towards the front 3 ~ ~ ~
end 18 of the pressing tool 10 are holding end sections 20 at hich press die holding members 22 are rotatably supported, which will be described later on (cf. also Fig. 3). Actuating end sections 26 forming the second part of the lever arms 14, respectively, extend from the rotational axes 16 to the rear end 24 of the pressing tool 10. The inner sides of the spaced ac-tuating end sections 26 of the lever arms 14, which face each other, comprise conically tapered entry guidance surfaces 28 merging into parallel inner surface portions 30. The entire structure of the pressing tool 10 is symmetrical to the axis 31 (see the axis of symmetry plotted in the Figs. 1, 3, and 4, respectively).
The pressing tool 10 is mounted to a hydraulic apparatus (not shown in the Figures). This is effected by two lugs 32 being provided with bores 34 in alignment with each other and being connected to the plates 12 and extending towards the rear end 24. The hydraulic apparatus comprises bores which are in align-ment with the bores 34 of the lugs 32. A blocking bolt securing the pressing tool at the hydraulic apparatus can be pushed through the bores in alignment with each other. The hydraulic apparatus comprises a hydraulic piston indicated in Fig. 1 at 36, comprising rolls 38. The piston 36 can be advanced in the direction of the pressing tool lO. Then, the peripheral surfaces of the rolls 38 come first into contact with the entry guidance areas 28 of the inner sides of the actuating end sections 26 of the lever arms 14, which face each other, whereby the actuating end sections 26 are pivoted apart in the direction of the arrows 40. As a consequence, the two lever arms 14 rotate about their rotational axes 16 so that their holding end sections 20 exert force upon each other in the direction of the arrows 42 via the press die holding members 22. This force in the direction of the arrows 42 is the press-connecting force with which the pressing member is press-connected.
When the piston 36 is in its retracting position, the actuating end sections 26 of the lever arms 14 can be moved towards each 3 1 ~ 8 ,~ 12 other in the direction of the arrows 44- Therefore, for example, a manual force is exerted upon the outer surfaces 46 of the actuating end sections 22, which face away from each other, for pressing the actuating end sections 26 together. The lever arms 14 are pivoted in the direction opposite to that of the press-connection so that the pressing tool 10 assumes the opening position shown in Fig. 4.
As has already been mentioned and shown in Figs. 3 and 4, one press die holding member 22, respectively, is supported at the holding end sections 20 of the lever arms 14, at which holding member, in turn, two press dies 48 with pressing surfaces 50 for press-connecting a pressing member are held. The press die hol-ding members 22 have a substantially V-shaped configuration and are supported so as to be rotatable about the bolts 52 in the area of their tips, where the two legs of the V converge. The two V-shaped press die holding members 22 are respectively pro-vided with a recess 54 wherein the holding end sections 20 of the lever arms 14 are arranged (cf. Figs. 3 and 4). As can be seen from Fig. 4, the press die holding members 22 can be rotat-ed by several degrees about the bolts 52 relative to the lever arms 14 or their holding end sections 20, respectively. On the one hand, the turning range is limited by the fact that the inner leg of the V-shaped press die holding member 22 abuts the portion of the allocated lever arm 14 illustrated-at 56. In the other direction, the pivot range is limited by the fact that the edge of the recess 54 abuts the upper end of the holding end section 20.
As has already been mentioned, two press dies 48 are supported at each press die holding member 22. Per press die holding mem-ber 22, the two press dies 48 are arranged so as to be offset from each other by 90 ; the V-shaped press die holding members 22 comprise V-shaped recesses 58 facing each other, the two leg surfaces of which extend orthogonally with respect to each other. This means that each press die 48 extends over 90 so that the four press dies 48, in their closed state, i.e. in the ~ 13 2~31~
state wherein adjacent press dies 48 contact each other, form a closed press ring~.
In the direction of the double arrows 60, 62, the press dies 48 are displaceably supported at the V-shaped press die holding members 22. In the direction of the arrows 62, the press dies 48 are spring-biased; without any forces being exerted on the press dies 48 via the pressing surfaces 50 thereof, the two press dies 48 of a V-shaped press die holding member 22 are spaced from each other, as shown in Fig. 4.
' According to Figs. 5 and 6, each press die 48 comprises a stud piece 64 which is immersed in a reception cavity 66 of the press die holding member 22 when the press die 48 is mounted to the V-shaped press die holding member 22. In the two side flanks of the stud piece 64, two longitudinal recesses 68 are milled in which the ends of two spring-loaded guiding or locking pins 70 are immersed which are secured to the press die holding member 22. Thereby, a locking connection is established between the press dies 48 and the press die holding members 22. This locking connection via the guiding pins 70 immersed ln the recesses 68 also guarantees the guidance of the press dies 48 in their re-ception cavities 46 at the press die holding members 22.
Further, each stud piece 64 is provided with a spring-loaded element 72 which supports on one of the peripheral surfaces of the reception cavities 66 and thus provides for the bias of the press dies 48 in the direction of the arrows 62. As can be seen in Fig. 5, but also in Fig. 8, the pressing surfaces 50 of the press dies 48 comprise line-shaped projections 74 between which grooves 76 are arranged. Thus, a linear-like press-connection is effected by means of the press dies 48.
The manipulation of the pressing tool 10 is effected as follows.
First, the pressing tool lO is opened by exerting a force for opening the pressing tool 10 onto the outer surfaces 46 of the actuating end sections 26 of the lever arms 14. In the opened state, the V-shaped press die holding members 22 are spaced apart, the press dies 48 assuming the original position shown in .
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Fig. ~. due to their spring-biases- The pressing member indicated at 78 including the fitting and the pipe conduit (indicated in Fig. 8) can be inserted into the pressing tool 10 opened accor-ding to Fig. 4. Subsequently, the force exertion onto the outer surfaces 45 of the actuating end sections 26 is terminated so that the lever arms 14 automatically pivot back until all four press dies are brought into abutment with the pressing member 78. This pivoting back of the lever arms 14 happens automatical-ly due to leg springs 80 which extend about bolts 82 forming the rotational axes 16 and support, with their one leg, on one of the two plates 12, and, with their other leg, on the lever arms 14. The leg springs 80 are shown in Figs. 3, 4 and 7. Moreover, Fig. 7 shows the assembly of the pressing tool 10, the connec-tion of the press die holding members 22 with the lever arms 14 or the holding end sections 20 thereof and the connection of the lever arrns 14 with the plates 12 in particular.
As soon as the pressing surfaces 50 of the press dies 48 are brought in abutment with the pressing member 78, the actual press-connecting procedure starts. The piston 36 advances in the direction of the pressing tool 10, its rolls 38 coming into contact with the entry guidance areas 28 of the actuating end sections 26 and pivoting the lever arms 14. The press die hold-ing members 22 move towards each othe:r, being radially moved towards the pressing member 78 due to their rotatable support at the holding end sections 20 of the lever arms 14. Because of the displaceable support of each individual press die 48, the press-ing surfaces 50 of the press dies 48 also always move radially towards the pressing member 78. The press die movement is ef-fected until the press dies 48 abut in the press-connecting end position (cf. Fig. 1). Due to the rotatable support of the press die holding members 22 at the lever arms 14 and the displaceabi-lity of the press dies 48 relative to the press die holding members 22, an optimum press-connection is effected since it is always ensured that the press dies 48 with their pressing sur-faces 50 are moved in a centered manner and radially towards the pressing member 78.
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In connection with Fig. 8, a last specific feature of the pres-sing tool 10 is to be described- As illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, fork-like guiding elements 84 are connected to the plates 12.
These guiding elements 84 serve for the axial fixing and the cen~ered guidance of fitting and pressing member during the press-connecting procedure. To clarify the situation during the press-connecting procedure, Fig. 8 shows, above the pressing tool 10 shown in section, a fitting 86 with a pipe end 90 being pushed onto its support body indicated at 88 as well as the pressing member 78 arranged about the pipe end 90. The guiding elements 84 arranged at both sides of the pressing tool 10 serve, on the one hand, for axial fixation and centered guidance of the sleeve-like pressing member 78 and, on the other hand, for axial fixation and centered guidance of the fitting 86. Each guiding element 84 comprises an inner and an outer guiding fork 92, 94, respectively comprising two guiding projections 96 re-spectively defining a guiding recess 98 therebetween. All four guiding recesses 98 are in alignment with each other and with the opening being surrounded by the press dies 48 in the press-connecting state. Further, all guiding recesses are open towards the front end 18 of the pressing tool 10. The inner guiding forks 92 are spaced apart to such a degree that the pressing member 78 is received therebetween, this means the axial length of the pressing member 78 is about the same as or a little shor-ter than the distance of the inner guiding forks 92. The guiding recesses 98 of the inner guiding forks 92 have about the same diameter as the inner diameter of the pressing member 78 so that the guiding projections 96 of the guiding forks 92, i.e. the "prongs" thereof, abut the front ring surfaces of the pressing member 78. The distance of the two guiding forks 92,94 of a guiding element 84 is equal to the axial extension of a periph-eral projection 100 of the fitting 86; this peripheral projec-tion 100 is located between the two guiding forks 92,94 of one of the two guiding elements 84 during the press-connecting pro-cedure, the guiding projections 96 of the two guiding forks 92,94 of this guiding element 84 abutting both axial sides of the peripheral projection 100. ~his means that the inner guiding fork 92 of the guiding element 84, with its side facing the allocated outer guiding fork 94, abuts the peripheral projection 100 and, with its side facing the other inner guiding fork 92, it abuts the presslng member 78 and surrounds the pipe end 90 being pushed over the support body 88 of the fitting 86 until it abuts the peripheral projection 100. After the press-connection, the pipe end is exposed exactly in this area in which it was surrounded by one of the inner guiding forks 92 during the de-formation, whereby a visual monitoring for subsequent inspection is possible.
The arrangement of the peripheral projection 100 of the fitting 86 between the two guiding forks 92,94 of one of the two guiding elements 84 can also be achieved by a centered guidance of the fitting 86 during the press-connecting procedure. Due to the guidance at the respective guiding element 84, the fitting 86 cannot move out of the center of the press die ring during the press-connecting procedure so that the danger of tilting of the press dies 48 is eliminated. Further, the guidance system de-scribed herein permits that the parts to be press-connected are located exactly in the center of the ring of press dies (cen-tered guidance). This guidance is made possible by the movement of the parts to be press-connected in the guiding forks (in the direction of the extension of the openings thereof). This (lin-ear) movement is determined by the pressing procedure by the fact that the movement components of the press die holding mem-bers 22 predetermine the linear movement of the press bushing, the fitting and the pipe within the guiding fork openings.
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Such pressing tools are used for press-connecting pipe conduits with connection pieces or the like, so-called fittings, for press-connecting cable lugs and connectors with electrical con-ductors (solid profiles) and for similar purposes. The term 'Iround profile" as used herein is meant to comprise hollow pro-files as well as solid profiles. A solid profile, for example, can also be a wire rope.
When~press-connecting a pipe conduit onto the support body of a fitting by means of a pressing member surrounding the pipe con-duit, the main aspect is the tight connection between the fit-ting and the support body thereof, respectively, and the pipe conduit after the press-connecting procedure. The pressing mem-ber is three-dimensionally deformed during the press-connecting procedure. While the fitting and the pressing member may be made of metal, the pipe conduit may altogether consist of plastic material or be a multi-layered composite pipe having two plastic layers of preferably crosslinked polyethylene and a metal layer, e.g. of aluminum, which is arranged therebetween and serves as diffusion barrier. On the one hand, such multi-layered composite pipes have the properties (flexibility) of a plastic pipe and, on the other hand, the properties of a metal pipe as far as the diffusion barrier iB concerned. The demands on press-connecting 3~
cable l~gs and connectors t~ith electrical conductors are inas-much comparable with the demands on the tightness o~ a pipe conduit connection as a positive and non-positive connection between the electrical conductor and the cable lug or the con-nector, respectively, is to be established.
From DE 34 23 283 A1, a pressing tool of the afore-mentioned kind is known which comprises two lever arms being supported between two housing parts so as to be rotatable about two axes arranged in parallel. At both sides of the fulcrums, one holding end section and one actuating end section, respectively, extend from both lever arms. Substantially, the two lever arms can be aligned so as to be parallel to each other. Two press dies are arranged at the two holding end sections. One press die, respec-tively, is supported at a holding end section so as to be rotat-able about an axis being parallel to the rotational axes of the lever arms. The two press dies comprise substantially semi-cir-cular recesses facing each other the peripheral surfaces of which comprise the pressing surfaces for pressing the pressing member onto the round profile. In case of lever arms substan-tially extending in parallel, the two press die recesses form a closed relief when the two press die surfaces facing each other abut. The movement of the two lever arms in such a manner that the two press dies move towards each other is produced by an axially displaceable hydraulic or otherwise driven piston with rolls the peripheral surfaces of which can be brought into en-gagement with the lever arm actuating end section inner surfaces facing each other. In other wordæ, the two lever arms are simi-lar to two knee levers, the holding end sections of the two lever arms, for press-connecting, being moved towards each other by means of the roll drive- In the known pressing tool according to DE 34 23 283 A1, the two press dies are actively and control-ledly guided. Each press die comprises a guide bolt immersed into a guide groove in one of the two housing parts. Due to this controlled guidance, the construction of the known pressing tool is rather complicated.
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From EP 0 452 791 A1, a pressing tool is known in which the holding members holding the press dies are supporLed, via a guiding member, on t~Jo lever arms in a controlled manner. With this pressing tool, it is difficult to guide the parts to be press-connected in a centered manner. Without such a centered guidance, tilting may occur which makes an exact press-connec-tion impossible.
From EP 0 504 490 A1, a tool having three press dies is known, wherein che two press dies are fixedly and rigidly connected to the lever arms. The third press die is stationarily supported on the member connecting the two lever arms.
Finally, from US-A-3 575 036, a pressing tool is known wherein the four press dies are individually pivotably supported and pivot about their pivotal axes a~ainst the parts to be press-connected during press-connection.
It is the object of the invention to provide a pressing tool for pressing a cylindrical pressing member or a pressing member com-prising a cylindrical pressing portion onto a round profile, which ensures a reliably non~positive and positive press-connec-tion while having a relatively simple construction.
In order to solve this object, the invention suggests a pressing tool of the afore-mentioned kind comprising two lever arms being rotatably supported and comprising one holding end section and one actuating end section, respectively, between which the lever arms are rotatably supported, and wherein a plurality of press dies,for pressing the pressing member from all sides onto the round profile are provided, the press dies comprising pressing surfaces adapted to abut the pressing member during a press-connecting procedure, and wherein two press die holding members for respectively holding at least one press die are provided, the two press die holding members being rotatably supported at the holding end sections of the two lever arms without any con-trolled guidance.
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At the holding end sections of the two lever arms of the pres-sing tool according to the present invention, press die holding members are rotatably supported, at which, respectively, at least one press die, preferably more, particularly two press dies, are expediently exchangeably supported. Thus, holding members and press dies are preferably separate elements. The only connection between the press die holding members and the pressing tool is the rotatable support of the press die holding members at the holding end sections of the lever arms. According to the invention, no provision is made for a controlled guidance or controlled movement of the press die holding members relative to the lever arms upon pivoting the lever arms for the purpose of pressing or opening the pressing tool. The pressing tool according to the invention is rather configured such that, dur-ing the press-connecting procedure, the two press die holding members move centrically towards the pressing member. This hap-pens automatically, since their press dies or the pressing sur-facas thereof, respectively, abut the pressing member. Due to the fact that these pressing surfaces abut the peripheral sur-face of the pressing member, an automatic centering is effected without there being any need for a controlled guidance of the press die holding members. This means that even with a simple construction (the press die holding members are only rotatably supported at the lever arms), a reliable press-connection is ensured since the press die holding members are always moved towards the pressing member in a centered manner.
The pressing tool according to the invention can be realized with lever arms being parallel to each other, i.e. with knee levers, as well as with two lever arms crossing each other and being rotatably supported, relative to each other, in their crossing point. The clearance of the rotational movement of the press die holding members is to be configured such that, during the entire press-connecting procedure, i.e. with their pressing surfaces abutting the pressing member, the press die holding member5 can turn relative to the holding end sections of the lever arms so far that they are always radially moved onto the pressing member. Furthermore, it should be possible to pivot the '~
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press die holding members in the opened state oî the pressing tool so that the pressing tool can be opened in order to encom-pass a fitting to be press-connected.
In an advantageous development of the invention, the press dies are displaceably supported at the press die holding members. At least two press dies are supported at at least one of the two press die holding members so as to be displaceable in a direc-tion extending under an angle which is not zero with respect to the movement of the pressing surfaces of the press dies during the press-connecting procedure. Preferably, at least two press dies are respectively displaceably supported at both press die holding members. In case of cylindrical pressing surfaces, it is particularly advantageous to support the press dies at the press die holding members so as to be displaceable in a direction being tangential to the pressing surfaces. The advantage of the displaceable support at their press die holding members consists in that the pressing surfaces of the press dies are always ra-dially moved towards the pressing member during the press-con-necting procedure, i.e. during the centered movement of the press die holding members towards the pressing member. This results in an optimal press-connection of the pressing member with the pipe.
Preferably, the press dies of each press die holding member are arranged such that they are arranged at a mutual angle of 90.
The press die holding members respectively comprise a V-shaped recess in whose side flanks extending orthogonally with respect to each other the press dies are displaceably arranged. In the press-connecting position of all press dies, these are offset from each other by 90.
During the press-connecting procedure, the press dies are pre-ferably moved into the displacement direction against the bias force of springs; in other words, the press dies are, at the beginning of a press-connecting procedure, spring-biased into their original position, i.e. into their start position. While the press dies, in their original position, are spaced from 3 L ~ ~
_ 6 their neighbors, they abut in their press-connecting position and form a substantially closed press die ring.
In an advantageous development of the invention, it is provided that the pressing surfaces of the press dies are configured such that they are already in contact with the pressing member to be pressed on when their press dies are in their original posi-tions. Naturally, this contact cannot be brought about over the entire pressing surface, since the radius of the convex pressing surfaces is smaller than the radius of the pressing member prior to the press-connection. Since the difference between the radii, however, is relatively small and preferably in the range of about 1 mm, the pressing surfaces quasi abut the peripheral surface of the pressing member. Thus, the contact pressure can be applied from all sides over the entire peripheral surface of the pressing memher in the region of the press dies from the start of the press procedure. This also improves the press-con-nection.
Principally, the pressing surfaces may have any shape. The press dies, for example, may be provided with smooth inner or pressing surfaces facing each other. Advantageously, it is provided that the press dies comprise line-shaped concave pressing surfaces.
Preferably, they are formed by forming grooves into the smooth concave pressing surface of each press die, which results in line-shaped and parallel-extending projections. Advantageously, the line-shaped pressing surfaces or projections are spaced from each other when the press dies are in their press-connecting end position and abut each other with their radial side surfaces.
The line-shaped pressing surfaces cause a groove press-connec-tion accompanied by contraction of the three-dimensionally de-formable pressing member. The entire pressing surface, for exam-ple, is comprised of the inner surfaces of three rings being formed by the projections on the inner surfaces of the press dies, which face each other- Squeezing of the material of the pressing member in the area between successive pressing surfaces of adjacent press dies does not arise during the press-connec-tion, since the pressing member material "drains off towards the :, -: ':`: ': :-. ` . ' ' ', ' ~1~3~ ~8 bulges in this area because of inner mechanical s~ress between the constrictions and bulges.
Advantageously, the line-shaped pre5sing surfaces are adapted to the configuration of the fitting as far as the relative position of the projections of the press dies is concerned. Typically, a pipe conduit fitting consists of a support body onto which a pipe conduit end is pushed and a pressing sleeve surrounding the pipe conduit end. When using press dies with the a~ove-described pressing surfaces, the supporting body of the fitting is provid-ed with peripheral beads being axially offset with respect to the projections of the pressing surfaces of the press dies.
Each holding member comprises reception cavities for the press dies. Advantageously, the reception cavity for a press die is realized in such a manner that the press die - at its side op-posite to the pressing surface - comprises a stud or protrusion insertable into a reception cavity at the holding member and being guided therein so as to be longitudinally displaceable.
The width and depth of a reception cavity are substantially equal to the thickness or projecting length of the press die stud; the length of a reception cavity, however, is greater than the length of the stud by the amount by which the press die is displaceable. The press die, which insofar is partially po~
sitively inserted into the reception cavity through its stud, is reliably held therein while permitting movement.
The springs urging the press dies into their original positions are advantageously respectively arranged between the facing ends of the studs of both press dies supported at a holding member and the reception cavity surfaces being opposite to these stud ends. The pressure springs press the two press dies of a holding member apart so that the press dies are spaced from each other without any stress, i.e. pressing against a pressing member without any pressure force. The pressure springs are held in pocket bores of the press die studs.
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AdvantageoUsly, the press dies are lockingly inserted into the reception cavities of the holding members; thus, the press dies can be exchanged against other without any difficulty, each press die being reliably held.
In case of a locking connection between the press die and the allocated reception cavity, the locking elements are immersed into longitudinal locking hollows formed in the cavity inner surfaces, so that the locking elements also have a guiding func-tion in order to longitudinally displaceably guide the studs and thus the press dies relative to the respective holding members.
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In an advantageous development of the invention, the pressing tool comprises at least one fixed guiding element comprising two open guiding recesses for receiving and axially fixing and guid-ing a fitting between the guiding recesses in a centered manner during the press-connecting procedure, which guiding recesses are substantially oriented towards the holding end sections of the lever arms and are in alignment with each other. For reasons of construction, the pipe connection and the pressing tool move relative to each other during the press-connecting procedure.
Thereby, the distance between the pipe connection and the ful-crum(s) of the lever arms is changed. Although the amount of the relative movement is not important, it is nevertheless present.
In order that the parts to be press-connected, i.e. the fitting, the pipe and the pressing membex, do not change their axial position relative to each other during the press-connecting procedure, the pressing tool according to the invention prefer-ably comprises the fixed guiding element which axially fixes the fitting and guides it in a centered manner. Without any centered guide of the fitting, i.e. without any provision for holding or arranging the fitting respectively in the center of the press die ring surrounding the fitting, there is the danger of press die tilting, resulting in an improper press-connection. The guide recesses are open to the holding end sections, i.e. when the pressing tool is open, the fitting, which has been introduc-ed between the press dies along with the pressing member and the pipe, protrudes with one section being configured for the axial ~` 9 2~3~ ~
fixing into the axial guiding recess which is open t~ the front end of the pressing tool.
Preferably, the guiding recesses are limited at both sides by one pair of guiding element guiding projections, respectively, one outer projection of the fitting, which preferably is con-figured as a peripheral projection extending over the entire periphery of the fitting, being held so as to be enclosed bet-ween the guiding projections of the two guiding recesses in order to axially fix the fitting. This means that the two guid-ing recesses of the guiding element surround the fitting at both axial sides of the fixing or outer projection. Thus, the fitting is secured against axial displacements as well as guided in a centered manner, and this during the entire press-connecting procedure.
Preferably, one guiding element, respectively, is provided at both sides of the pressing tool. Thus, the pressing tool need not be turned to secure the fitting by means of a guiding ele~
ment. While the two guiding recesses of one guiding element are in alignment with each other, in a direction parallel to the rotational axis of the lever arms, all guiding elements -, i.e.
four guiding elements in this case - are in alignment with each other and with the press die ring which is closed in the press-connecting position and is arranged between the two pairs of guiding recesses. If there are two guiding elements, the press-ing member can preferably be axially fixed between the inner guiding elements by preferably arranging the guiding projections of the inner guiding recesses of the two guiding elements, which face each other, in the direction of the two fronts of the pres-sing member and limiting the axial movements thereof.
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the invention is explained in detail with respect to the Figures, in which:
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Fig. 1 shows a top plan view of the pressing tool in its -closed state, the roll drive for closing the holding :
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arms for the purpose of press-connecting the pressing member being indicated, ig. 2 shows a side view of the pressing tool according to Fig. 1 in the direction of the arrow II, ig. 3 shows an illustration of the pressing tool similar to that of Fig. 1, the connecting plate between the two lever arms, however, being removed in order to clarify the press dies and the holding members thereof which are rotatably supported at tha lever arms, ig. 4 is an illustration of the pressing tool similar to that according to Fig. 3, but in the opened state, ig. 5 is a section along the line V-V of Fig. 3, ig. 6 is a section along the line VI-VI of Fig. 5, ig. 7 is a section through the pressing tool along the line VII-VII according to Fig. 1, and ig. 8 is a section along the line VIII-VIII of Fig. 1.
In the Figures, a knee lever pressing tool 10 for pressing a cylindrical pressing member or a pressing member comprising a cylindrical portion onto a round profile, in this case a pipe conduit, is shown~ The pipe conduit with the fitting, which are connected posit.ively and non-po5itively by means of a pressing member, are indicated in the illustration according to Fig. 8.
The pressing tool 10, which is shown in top view in Fig. 1 and in side view in Fig. 2, comprises two plates 12 being parallel to and spaced from each other between which two knee levers or lever arms 14 are rotatably supported. Each lever arm 14 can be rotated about its own rotational axis, both rotational axes 16 being parallel to and spaced from each other. At both sides, each lever arm 14 extends beyond its rotational axis 16. The two sections of the two lever arms 14 extending towards the front 3 ~ ~ ~
end 18 of the pressing tool 10 are holding end sections 20 at hich press die holding members 22 are rotatably supported, which will be described later on (cf. also Fig. 3). Actuating end sections 26 forming the second part of the lever arms 14, respectively, extend from the rotational axes 16 to the rear end 24 of the pressing tool 10. The inner sides of the spaced ac-tuating end sections 26 of the lever arms 14, which face each other, comprise conically tapered entry guidance surfaces 28 merging into parallel inner surface portions 30. The entire structure of the pressing tool 10 is symmetrical to the axis 31 (see the axis of symmetry plotted in the Figs. 1, 3, and 4, respectively).
The pressing tool 10 is mounted to a hydraulic apparatus (not shown in the Figures). This is effected by two lugs 32 being provided with bores 34 in alignment with each other and being connected to the plates 12 and extending towards the rear end 24. The hydraulic apparatus comprises bores which are in align-ment with the bores 34 of the lugs 32. A blocking bolt securing the pressing tool at the hydraulic apparatus can be pushed through the bores in alignment with each other. The hydraulic apparatus comprises a hydraulic piston indicated in Fig. 1 at 36, comprising rolls 38. The piston 36 can be advanced in the direction of the pressing tool lO. Then, the peripheral surfaces of the rolls 38 come first into contact with the entry guidance areas 28 of the inner sides of the actuating end sections 26 of the lever arms 14, which face each other, whereby the actuating end sections 26 are pivoted apart in the direction of the arrows 40. As a consequence, the two lever arms 14 rotate about their rotational axes 16 so that their holding end sections 20 exert force upon each other in the direction of the arrows 42 via the press die holding members 22. This force in the direction of the arrows 42 is the press-connecting force with which the pressing member is press-connected.
When the piston 36 is in its retracting position, the actuating end sections 26 of the lever arms 14 can be moved towards each 3 1 ~ 8 ,~ 12 other in the direction of the arrows 44- Therefore, for example, a manual force is exerted upon the outer surfaces 46 of the actuating end sections 22, which face away from each other, for pressing the actuating end sections 26 together. The lever arms 14 are pivoted in the direction opposite to that of the press-connection so that the pressing tool 10 assumes the opening position shown in Fig. 4.
As has already been mentioned and shown in Figs. 3 and 4, one press die holding member 22, respectively, is supported at the holding end sections 20 of the lever arms 14, at which holding member, in turn, two press dies 48 with pressing surfaces 50 for press-connecting a pressing member are held. The press die hol-ding members 22 have a substantially V-shaped configuration and are supported so as to be rotatable about the bolts 52 in the area of their tips, where the two legs of the V converge. The two V-shaped press die holding members 22 are respectively pro-vided with a recess 54 wherein the holding end sections 20 of the lever arms 14 are arranged (cf. Figs. 3 and 4). As can be seen from Fig. 4, the press die holding members 22 can be rotat-ed by several degrees about the bolts 52 relative to the lever arms 14 or their holding end sections 20, respectively. On the one hand, the turning range is limited by the fact that the inner leg of the V-shaped press die holding member 22 abuts the portion of the allocated lever arm 14 illustrated-at 56. In the other direction, the pivot range is limited by the fact that the edge of the recess 54 abuts the upper end of the holding end section 20.
As has already been mentioned, two press dies 48 are supported at each press die holding member 22. Per press die holding mem-ber 22, the two press dies 48 are arranged so as to be offset from each other by 90 ; the V-shaped press die holding members 22 comprise V-shaped recesses 58 facing each other, the two leg surfaces of which extend orthogonally with respect to each other. This means that each press die 48 extends over 90 so that the four press dies 48, in their closed state, i.e. in the ~ 13 2~31~
state wherein adjacent press dies 48 contact each other, form a closed press ring~.
In the direction of the double arrows 60, 62, the press dies 48 are displaceably supported at the V-shaped press die holding members 22. In the direction of the arrows 62, the press dies 48 are spring-biased; without any forces being exerted on the press dies 48 via the pressing surfaces 50 thereof, the two press dies 48 of a V-shaped press die holding member 22 are spaced from each other, as shown in Fig. 4.
' According to Figs. 5 and 6, each press die 48 comprises a stud piece 64 which is immersed in a reception cavity 66 of the press die holding member 22 when the press die 48 is mounted to the V-shaped press die holding member 22. In the two side flanks of the stud piece 64, two longitudinal recesses 68 are milled in which the ends of two spring-loaded guiding or locking pins 70 are immersed which are secured to the press die holding member 22. Thereby, a locking connection is established between the press dies 48 and the press die holding members 22. This locking connection via the guiding pins 70 immersed ln the recesses 68 also guarantees the guidance of the press dies 48 in their re-ception cavities 46 at the press die holding members 22.
Further, each stud piece 64 is provided with a spring-loaded element 72 which supports on one of the peripheral surfaces of the reception cavities 66 and thus provides for the bias of the press dies 48 in the direction of the arrows 62. As can be seen in Fig. 5, but also in Fig. 8, the pressing surfaces 50 of the press dies 48 comprise line-shaped projections 74 between which grooves 76 are arranged. Thus, a linear-like press-connection is effected by means of the press dies 48.
The manipulation of the pressing tool 10 is effected as follows.
First, the pressing tool lO is opened by exerting a force for opening the pressing tool 10 onto the outer surfaces 46 of the actuating end sections 26 of the lever arms 14. In the opened state, the V-shaped press die holding members 22 are spaced apart, the press dies 48 assuming the original position shown in .
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Fig. ~. due to their spring-biases- The pressing member indicated at 78 including the fitting and the pipe conduit (indicated in Fig. 8) can be inserted into the pressing tool 10 opened accor-ding to Fig. 4. Subsequently, the force exertion onto the outer surfaces 45 of the actuating end sections 26 is terminated so that the lever arms 14 automatically pivot back until all four press dies are brought into abutment with the pressing member 78. This pivoting back of the lever arms 14 happens automatical-ly due to leg springs 80 which extend about bolts 82 forming the rotational axes 16 and support, with their one leg, on one of the two plates 12, and, with their other leg, on the lever arms 14. The leg springs 80 are shown in Figs. 3, 4 and 7. Moreover, Fig. 7 shows the assembly of the pressing tool 10, the connec-tion of the press die holding members 22 with the lever arms 14 or the holding end sections 20 thereof and the connection of the lever arrns 14 with the plates 12 in particular.
As soon as the pressing surfaces 50 of the press dies 48 are brought in abutment with the pressing member 78, the actual press-connecting procedure starts. The piston 36 advances in the direction of the pressing tool 10, its rolls 38 coming into contact with the entry guidance areas 28 of the actuating end sections 26 and pivoting the lever arms 14. The press die hold-ing members 22 move towards each othe:r, being radially moved towards the pressing member 78 due to their rotatable support at the holding end sections 20 of the lever arms 14. Because of the displaceable support of each individual press die 48, the press-ing surfaces 50 of the press dies 48 also always move radially towards the pressing member 78. The press die movement is ef-fected until the press dies 48 abut in the press-connecting end position (cf. Fig. 1). Due to the rotatable support of the press die holding members 22 at the lever arms 14 and the displaceabi-lity of the press dies 48 relative to the press die holding members 22, an optimum press-connection is effected since it is always ensured that the press dies 48 with their pressing sur-faces 50 are moved in a centered manner and radially towards the pressing member 78.
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In connection with Fig. 8, a last specific feature of the pres-sing tool 10 is to be described- As illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, fork-like guiding elements 84 are connected to the plates 12.
These guiding elements 84 serve for the axial fixing and the cen~ered guidance of fitting and pressing member during the press-connecting procedure. To clarify the situation during the press-connecting procedure, Fig. 8 shows, above the pressing tool 10 shown in section, a fitting 86 with a pipe end 90 being pushed onto its support body indicated at 88 as well as the pressing member 78 arranged about the pipe end 90. The guiding elements 84 arranged at both sides of the pressing tool 10 serve, on the one hand, for axial fixation and centered guidance of the sleeve-like pressing member 78 and, on the other hand, for axial fixation and centered guidance of the fitting 86. Each guiding element 84 comprises an inner and an outer guiding fork 92, 94, respectively comprising two guiding projections 96 re-spectively defining a guiding recess 98 therebetween. All four guiding recesses 98 are in alignment with each other and with the opening being surrounded by the press dies 48 in the press-connecting state. Further, all guiding recesses are open towards the front end 18 of the pressing tool 10. The inner guiding forks 92 are spaced apart to such a degree that the pressing member 78 is received therebetween, this means the axial length of the pressing member 78 is about the same as or a little shor-ter than the distance of the inner guiding forks 92. The guiding recesses 98 of the inner guiding forks 92 have about the same diameter as the inner diameter of the pressing member 78 so that the guiding projections 96 of the guiding forks 92, i.e. the "prongs" thereof, abut the front ring surfaces of the pressing member 78. The distance of the two guiding forks 92,94 of a guiding element 84 is equal to the axial extension of a periph-eral projection 100 of the fitting 86; this peripheral projec-tion 100 is located between the two guiding forks 92,94 of one of the two guiding elements 84 during the press-connecting pro-cedure, the guiding projections 96 of the two guiding forks 92,94 of this guiding element 84 abutting both axial sides of the peripheral projection 100. ~his means that the inner guiding fork 92 of the guiding element 84, with its side facing the allocated outer guiding fork 94, abuts the peripheral projection 100 and, with its side facing the other inner guiding fork 92, it abuts the presslng member 78 and surrounds the pipe end 90 being pushed over the support body 88 of the fitting 86 until it abuts the peripheral projection 100. After the press-connection, the pipe end is exposed exactly in this area in which it was surrounded by one of the inner guiding forks 92 during the de-formation, whereby a visual monitoring for subsequent inspection is possible.
The arrangement of the peripheral projection 100 of the fitting 86 between the two guiding forks 92,94 of one of the two guiding elements 84 can also be achieved by a centered guidance of the fitting 86 during the press-connecting procedure. Due to the guidance at the respective guiding element 84, the fitting 86 cannot move out of the center of the press die ring during the press-connecting procedure so that the danger of tilting of the press dies 48 is eliminated. Further, the guidance system de-scribed herein permits that the parts to be press-connected are located exactly in the center of the ring of press dies (cen-tered guidance). This guidance is made possible by the movement of the parts to be press-connected in the guiding forks (in the direction of the extension of the openings thereof). This (lin-ear) movement is determined by the pressing procedure by the fact that the movement components of the press die holding mem-bers 22 predetermine the linear movement of the press bushing, the fitting and the pipe within the guiding fork openings.
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Claims (21)
1. A pressing tool for pressing a cylindrical pressing member or a pressing member comprising a cylindrical pressing portion onto a round profile, particularly a pipe conduit, comprising - a plurality of press dies (48) for pressing the pres-sing member (78) onto the round profile (90) from all sides, the press dies (48) comprising pressing sur-faces (50) for abutting the pressing member (78) dur-ing a press-connecting procedure, - two rotatably supported lever arms (14), each compris-ing a holding end section (20) and an actuating end section (26) between which the lever arms (14) are rotatably supported, and - two press die holding members (22) for holding at least one press die (48), - the two press die holding members (22) being rotatably supported at the holding end sections (20) of the two lever arms (14) without any controlled guidance.
2. The pressing tool of claim 1, characterized in that at least two press dies (48) are supported at at least one of the two press die holding members (22) so as to be dis-placeable in a direction (60,62) which extends in an angle to the movement of the pressing surfaces (50) of the press dies (48) during the press-connecting procedure.
3. The pressing tool of claim 2, characterized in that two press dies (48), respectively, are displaceably supported at both press die holding members (22).
4. The pressing tool of claim 3, characterized in that the press dies (48) of each press die holding member (22) are offset by 90°.
5. The pressing tool of claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the adjacent press dies (48) of different press die holding members (22) are offset by 90 when the press die holding members (22) are in their press-connecting position.
6. The pressing tool of any one of claims 3 to 5, cha-racterized in that the displacement directions (60,62) of the press dies (48) respectively extend under an angle of 45° to the direction of movement of the press die holding members (22) during the press-connecting procedure.
7. The pressing tool of any one of claims 1 to 6, characteriz-ed in that the two lever arms (14) are supported so as to be rotatable about rotational axes (16) being parallel to and spaced from each other, that the press die holding members (22) face each other and are arranged opposite to each other at the holding end sections (20) of the press die holding members (22), and in that, during the press-connecting procedure, forces for moving the press die hol-ding members (22) towards each other until they abut each other are exertable onto the sides (28,30) of the actuating end sections (26), which face each other.
8. The pressing tool of any one of claims 1 to 7, characteriz-ed in that the press dies (48) are biased into their re-spective original positions by spring force and, during the press-connecting procedure, move against the spring force out of the respective original position into the respective press-connecting end position because their pressing sur-faces (50) abut the pressing member (78) when the press die holding members (22) move towards each other.
9. The pressing tool of any one of claims 1 to 8, characteriz-ed in that adjacent press dies (48) abut each other in their press-connecting end positions and form a closed ring encompassing the pressing member (78).
10. The pressing tool of any one of claims 1 to 9, characteriz-ed in that the pressing surfaces (50) of the press dies (48) are configured such that they can be brought into contact with the pressing member (78) when the press dies (48) are in their original positions.
11. The pressing tool of any one of claims 1 to 10, charac-terized in that the press dies (48) comprise line-shaped concave pressing surfaces (50).
12. The pressing tool of any one of claims 1 to 11, charac-terized in that the concave pressing surfaces (50) of the press dies (48), which face each other, are provided with a plurality of parallel line-shaped projections (74).
13. The pressing tool of any one of claims 1 to 12, charac-terized in that in case of abutting press dies (48), the ends of the line-shaped pressing surfaces (50) or projec-tions (74) facing each other are spaced from each other.
14. The pressing tool of any one of claims 2 to 13, charac-terized in that each press die (48) comprises, on its side opposite to the pressing surface (50) for abutting the pressing member (78), a stud piece (64) being insertable into a reception cavity (66) of the allocated press die holding member (22).
15. The pressing tool of claim 14, characterized in that the width and depth of a reception cavity (66) is substantially equal to the thickness or length of projection of the stud piece (64) of a press die (48), and that the length of a reception cavity (66) is greater than the length of the press die stud piece (64) by the amount by which the press die (48) can be longitudinally displaced.
16. The pressing tool of claim 14 or 15, characterized in that, per press die (48), one spring-loaded element (72) arranged between the stud piece (64) and the reception cavity (66) is provided, and that the spring-loaded elements (72) of two press dies (48) supported at a press die holding member (22) project from the ends of the stud pieces (64), which face each other.
17. The pressing tool of any one of claims 14 to 16, charac-terized in that the press dies (48) are lockingly inser-table into the reception cavities (66) of the press die holding members (22).
18. The pressing tool of any one of claims 1 to 17, charac-terized in that each press die (48) comprises, in its stud piece (64), at least one longitudinal locking recess (68) extending in displacement direction, in which a spring-loaded locking element (70) protruding into the allocated reception cavity (66) and adapted to hold and guide the press die (48) at the press die holding member (22) is immersed when the stud piece (64) of the press die (48) is inserted in the allocated reception cavity (66).
19. The pressing tool of any one of claims 1 to 18, charac-terized in that the two press die holding members (22) comprise V-shaped recesses facing each other at the legs of which the press dies (48) are arranged.
20. The pressing tool of any one of claims 1 to 18, charac-terized in that at least one fixed guiding element (84) is provided which comprises two open guiding recesses (98) in alignment with each other and substantially directed to the holding end sections (20) of the lever arms (14) and adapt-ed to receive and axially fix as well as guide a fitting (86) between the guiding recesses (98) during the press-connecting procedure in a centered manner.
21. The pressing tool of claim 20, characterized in that the guiding recesses (98) are limited at both sides by one pair of guiding projections (96) of the guiding element (84), respectively, and that an outer projection (100) of the fitting is held encompassed between the guiding projections
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4300934A DE4300934A1 (en) | 1993-01-15 | 1993-01-15 | Press tool for pressing a cylindrical press part or a press part having a cylindrical press section onto a round profile |
| DEP4300934.4 | 1993-01-15 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2113148A1 true CA2113148A1 (en) | 1994-07-16 |
Family
ID=6478273
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002113148A Abandoned CA2113148A1 (en) | 1993-01-15 | 1994-01-10 | Pressing tool for pressing a cylindrical pressing member or a pressing member comprising a cylindrical pressing portion onto a round profile |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0611613B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE133097T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2113148A1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE4300934A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0882531A3 (en) * | 1997-05-28 | 2002-10-16 | Fränkische Rohrwerke Gebr. Kirchner GmbH & Co. | Machining device, in particular a crimping tool |
| DE10328778B4 (en) * | 2003-06-25 | 2005-09-08 | Rennsteig Werkzeuge Gmbh | Hand tool for centric pressing of workpieces |
| DE202004007032U1 (en) * | 2004-04-30 | 2005-09-15 | Viega Gmbh & Co Kg | Pressing tool for pipe fittings has two jaws with pressing element mounted movable between same and moving up to workpiece which is to be pressed to produce uniform pressing action |
| DE102008051284B3 (en) * | 2008-10-10 | 2010-06-02 | Uponor Innovation Ab | Tool device for connecting a plastic pipe |
| DE102011088388A1 (en) * | 2011-12-13 | 2013-06-13 | Novopress Gmbh Pressen Und Presswerkzeuge & Co. Kg | Method for producing a pipe connection by means of press fitting and pressing tool |
| DE102017127707A1 (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2019-05-23 | Viega Technology Gmbh & Co. Kg | Interchangeable jaw for pressing tool |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3575036A (en) * | 1967-09-13 | 1971-04-13 | Amp Inc | Crimping tool and die assembly |
| DE3423283A1 (en) * | 1984-06-23 | 1986-01-02 | Helmut Dipl.-Ing. 4040 Neuss Dischler | Clamping tool, in particular for connecting tubes and other sections |
| DE9007414U1 (en) * | 1990-04-12 | 1991-07-18 | Dischler, Helmut, Dipl.-Ing., 4040 Neuss | Press tool |
| DE9103264U1 (en) * | 1991-03-18 | 1991-06-20 | Hewing GmbH, 4434 Ochtrup | Pressing pliers for pressing pipe connections |
| DE4130008A1 (en) * | 1991-09-10 | 1993-03-11 | Hewing Gmbh | PRESSING TOOL FOR PRESSING A CYLINDRICAL PRESSING PART OR PRESSING PART HAVING A CYLINDRIC SECTION ON A ROUND PROFILE, IN PARTICULAR A PIPELINE |
-
1993
- 1993-01-15 DE DE4300934A patent/DE4300934A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1994
- 1994-01-10 CA CA002113148A patent/CA2113148A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1994-01-14 AT AT94100471T patent/ATE133097T1/en active
- 1994-01-14 EP EP94100471A patent/EP0611613B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-01-14 DE DE59400083T patent/DE59400083D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE4300934A1 (en) | 1994-08-18 |
| DE59400083D1 (en) | 1996-02-29 |
| ATE133097T1 (en) | 1996-02-15 |
| EP0611613A1 (en) | 1994-08-24 |
| EP0611613B1 (en) | 1996-01-17 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued |