CA2082517A1 - Use of a combination of ionic and non-ionic tensides - Google Patents
Use of a combination of ionic and non-ionic tensidesInfo
- Publication number
- CA2082517A1 CA2082517A1 CA002082517A CA2082517A CA2082517A1 CA 2082517 A1 CA2082517 A1 CA 2082517A1 CA 002082517 A CA002082517 A CA 002082517A CA 2082517 A CA2082517 A CA 2082517A CA 2082517 A1 CA2082517 A1 CA 2082517A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- carbon atoms
- alkyl group
- range
- linear
- use according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 title claims description 38
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- -1 hydroxypropyl Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 125000006165 cyclic alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000003856 quaternary ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002563 ionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 125000000954 2-hydroxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])O[H] 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 125000003884 phenylalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- JBIROUFYLSSYDX-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzododecinium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 JBIROUFYLSSYDX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- XZOYHFBNQHPJRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-methyloctanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCC(O)=O XZOYHFBNQHPJRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrogen dioxide Chemical group O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910006069 SO3H Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- MDFFNEOEWAXZRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aminyl Chemical group [NH2] MDFFNEOEWAXZRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000020 sulfo group Chemical group O=S(=O)([*])O[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000896 monocarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 abstract description 2
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 20
- 235000013350 formula milk Nutrition 0.000 description 17
- MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N decan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCO MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 8
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 5
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229940117927 ethylene oxide Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 4
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SWBZKCQBZWYHTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl-(2-hydroxydodecyl)-dimethylazanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC(O)C[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 SWBZKCQBZWYHTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 3
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000002572 propoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 239000001226 triphosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N TOTP Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- LVTYICIALWPMFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisopropanolamine Chemical compound CC(O)CNCC(C)O LVTYICIALWPMFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011086 high cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000003136 n-heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 2
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000014593 oils and fats Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000019831 pentapotassium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- ATGAWOHQWWULNK-UHFFFAOYSA-I pentapotassium;[oxido(phosphonatooxy)phosphoryl] phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O ATGAWOHQWWULNK-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- JEGNXMUWVCVSSQ-ISLYRVAYSA-N (e)-octadec-1-en-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC\C=C\O JEGNXMUWVCVSSQ-ISLYRVAYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYWRDHBGMCXGFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-triazinane Chemical class C1CNNNC1 OYWRDHBGMCXGFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AEQDJSLRWYMAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,9,10-tetramethoxy-6,8,13,13a-tetrahydro-5H-isoquinolino[2,1-b]isoquinoline Chemical compound C1CN2CC(C(=C(OC)C=C3)OC)=C3CC2C2=C1C=C(OC)C(OC)=C2 AEQDJSLRWYMAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CMGDVUCDZOBDNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-2h-benzotriazole Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC2=NNN=C12 CMGDVUCDZOBDNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OCUCCJIRFHNWBP-IYEMJOQQSA-L Copper gluconate Chemical class [Cu+2].OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O.OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O OCUCCJIRFHNWBP-IYEMJOQQSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- HLCFGWHYROZGBI-JJKGCWMISA-M Potassium gluconate Chemical compound [K+].OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O HLCFGWHYROZGBI-JJKGCWMISA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000551 Silumin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SLINHMUFWFWBMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triisopropanolamine Chemical compound CC(O)CN(CC(C)O)CC(C)O SLINHMUFWFWBMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006887 Ullmann reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007933 aliphatic carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZAUATMGOLMYDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzyl-(2-hydroxydodecyl)-dimethylazanium;benzoate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1.CCCCCCCCCCC(O)C[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 ZAUATMGOLMYDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 229940000425 combination drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005068 cooling lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940043276 diisopropanolamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001177 diphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940093470 ethylene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002763 monocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N oleyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCO XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- HWGNBUXHKFFFIH-UHFFFAOYSA-I pentasodium;[oxido(phosphonatooxy)phosphoryl] phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O HWGNBUXHKFFFIH-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
- 150000003009 phosphonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004224 potassium gluconate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013926 potassium gluconate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960003189 potassium gluconate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium diphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 239000000176 sodium gluconate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012207 sodium gluconate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940005574 sodium gluconate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019818 tetrasodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910000406 trisodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019801 trisodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000004417 unsaturated alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/835—Mixtures of non-ionic with cationic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
- C11D1/721—End blocked ethers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/14—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with alkaline solutions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/24—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with neutral solutions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
- C11D1/62—Quaternary ammonium compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/722—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols having mixed oxyalkylene groups; Polyalkoxylated fatty alcohols or polyalkoxylated alkylaryl alcohols with mixed oxyalkylele groups
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
Abstract
USE OF A COMBINATION OF
IONIC AND NON-IONIC SURFACTANTS
Abstract of the Disclosure The present invention relates to the use for cleaning hard surfaces of a combination of ionic and nonionic sur-factants containing (a) at least one quaternary ammonium compound having the general formula (I) R1(-CHOH-CHR2)n-N+R3R4R5 X- (I) wherein R1 represents a linear or branched alkyl group having from 1 to 22 carbon atoms; R2 represents hydro-gen or a linear or branched alkyl group having from 1 to 21 carbon atoms, the total number of the carbon at-oms of the substituents R1 and R2 being within the range of from 9 to 22; n = 0 or 1; R3 and R4 represent methyl, ethyl, 2-hydroxyethyl or hydroxypropyl; R5 represents an alkyl group having from 4 to 6 carbon atoms or a phenylalkyl group having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety; and X- represents a halide or the anion of an organic acid having from 4 to 15 carbon atoms; and (b) at least one alk(en)yl polyethylene glycol mixed ether having the general formula (II):
R6-O-(CH2CH2-O)8-R7 (II), wherein R6 represents a linear or branched alkyl group or alkenyl group having from 6 to 18 carbon atoms or a cyclic alkyl group having from 5 to 6 carbon atoms;
s represents a number within the range of from 2 to 5;
and R7 represents a linear or branched alkyl group having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms or a benzyl group, the ratio by weight of the components (a):(b) being within the range of from 20:1 to 1:20.
IONIC AND NON-IONIC SURFACTANTS
Abstract of the Disclosure The present invention relates to the use for cleaning hard surfaces of a combination of ionic and nonionic sur-factants containing (a) at least one quaternary ammonium compound having the general formula (I) R1(-CHOH-CHR2)n-N+R3R4R5 X- (I) wherein R1 represents a linear or branched alkyl group having from 1 to 22 carbon atoms; R2 represents hydro-gen or a linear or branched alkyl group having from 1 to 21 carbon atoms, the total number of the carbon at-oms of the substituents R1 and R2 being within the range of from 9 to 22; n = 0 or 1; R3 and R4 represent methyl, ethyl, 2-hydroxyethyl or hydroxypropyl; R5 represents an alkyl group having from 4 to 6 carbon atoms or a phenylalkyl group having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety; and X- represents a halide or the anion of an organic acid having from 4 to 15 carbon atoms; and (b) at least one alk(en)yl polyethylene glycol mixed ether having the general formula (II):
R6-O-(CH2CH2-O)8-R7 (II), wherein R6 represents a linear or branched alkyl group or alkenyl group having from 6 to 18 carbon atoms or a cyclic alkyl group having from 5 to 6 carbon atoms;
s represents a number within the range of from 2 to 5;
and R7 represents a linear or branched alkyl group having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms or a benzyl group, the ratio by weight of the components (a):(b) being within the range of from 20:1 to 1:20.
Description
U8E OF A COM~INATION OF IONIC AND NONIONIC 8URFACTANT8 This invention relates to the use of a combination of ionic and nonionic surfactants - optionally with conven-tional additives - for cleaning hard surfaces. UIndustrial cleaners" are usually used for such purposes.
sSuch industrial cleaners are mainly used in spray cleaning stations in the automotive industry and in the supplier industries thereof for cleaning and passivation.
They are suitable for intermediate cleaning and final cleaning of parts that have been subjected to chipless working or machining in fabrication and assembly plants.
Virtually all relevant materials, such as iron and steel, aluminum, Silumin(R), copper, brass, zinc and plastics, can be treated, and the majority of all of the organic or inor-2~82S17 ganic contaminations, such as cooling lubricants, rust proofing oils, working oils, drawing aids, pigments and light abraded metal dust, can be removed. Such cleaning agents may also be used in conventional immersion proced-ures; however, the application thereof in spraying proced-ures is usually preferred.
The chemical base components of such industrial clean-ers usually are surfactants and organic corrosion inhibit-ors. The latter assure a temporary protection from corro-o sion during and after the treatment. As a rule, such clean-ing agents additionally contain substances whirh are capa-ble of counteracting undesired foam formation. The use of such foam-inhibiting additives in most cases is caused by the fact that the contaminations accumulated in the clean-ing baths act as foam-forming materials. Moreover, it may be required to employ so-called antifoam agents due to the fact that the cleaning agents themselves contain components which under the given working conditions - i.e. especially in spraying processes - give rise to an undesirable foam formation; for example, anionic surfactants and some non-ionic surfactants tend to foam at actual working tempera-tures.
From Ullmanns Encyklopadie der technischen Chemie tEnglish translation of title: Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Technical Chemistry], 4th Edition, Volume 22 (1982), pages 489 to 493, there has been known the use of fatty alcohol-polyethylene glycol ethers - also designated as fatty alco-hol ethoxylates - as surfactant component in washing and cleaning agents. However, such addition products of ethyl-ene oxide to fatty alcohols are not suitable for use in spraying operations, because they strongly foam when ap-plied at temperatures within the range of from 15 C to 80 C. It has further been known to employ fatty alcohol eth-oxylate-propoxylates as weakly foaming detergent raw mater-ials; cf., Ullmann, loc. cit., page 494.
DE-A-36 20 011 describes cationic surfactants based on quaternary ammonium compounds and the use thereof in clean-ers. The cationic surfactants are employed in the alkallne pH range, along with other cleaner constituents.
EP-A-0 116 151 describe~ a process for regenerating and/or recycling aqueous degreasing and cleaning solutions s by the addition of cationic surfactants or cationically modified polymers or mixtures thereof.
EP-A-0 OS4 895 describes a surfactant mixture compris-ing a non-ionic surfactant and a quaternary ammonium com-pound as a cationic surfactant for cleaning hard surfaces.
o The nonionic surfactant i8 present in the mixture in an amount of from 20 to 95 % by weight, and the cationic sur-factant is present in an amount of from 5 to 80 % by weight.
In comparison, it was the object of the present inven-tion to provide surfactant combinations for cleaning hard surfaces, whlch surfactant combinations in the total range of temperatures which is of practical technical relevance, namely in the range of from lS to 80 C, exhibit low foam-ing properties and, hence, are suitable for a use in spray-ing processes. Moreover, these surfactant combinations are intended to have a high cleaning power and excellent wet-ting properties relative to the substrate to be treated therewith; furthermore, said surfactant combinations should be readily compoundable with the additives conventional in industrial cleaners, should allow the cleaner solutions to run off well from, without leaving visible spots on, the treated substrate surfaces, and should have demulsifying properties with respect to oils and fats which are not self-emulsifying. It is further intended to achieve advan-tageous electrostatic effects.
Surprisingly, it has been found that mixtures compris-ing specific ionic and non-ionic surfactants over a wide mixing range will fully meet the requirements described as the object above.
3s Thus, the present invention relates to the use, for cleaning hard surfaces, of a combination of ionic and nonionic surfactants, containing:
(a) at least one quaternary ammonium compound having the general formula (I):
Rl(-CHoH-CHR2)n-N'R3R4Rs X~ (I), wherein R1 represents a linear or branched alkyl group having from 1 to 22 carbon atoms; R2 represents hydro-gen or a linear or branched alkyl group having from 1 to 21 carbon atoms, the total number of the carbon at-oms of the substituents Rl and R2 being within the range of from 9 to 22; n = 0 or 1; R3 and R4 represent methyl, ethyl, 2-hydroxyethyl, or hydroxypropyl; R5 represents an alkyl group having from 4 to 6 carbon atoms or a phenylalkyl group having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety; and X~ represents a halide or the anion of an organic acid having from 4 to 15 carbon atoms; and (b) at least one alk(en)yl polyethylene glycol mixed ether having the general formula (II):
R6-O-(CH2CH2-O)8-R7 (II) wherein R6 represents a linear or branched alkyl group or alkenyl group having from 6 to 18 carbon atoms or a cyclic alkyl group having from 5 to 6 carbon atoms;
s represents a number within the range of from 2 to 5;
and R7 represents a linear or branched alkyl group having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms or a benzyl group, the ratio by weight of the components (a):(b) being within the range of from 20:1 to 1:20.
Particularly preferred is a ratio by weight of the components (a):(b) of from 2:1 to 1:10.
Particularly preferred anions X~ of the quaternary ammonium compounds are, more specifically, benzoate or benzoate which has been mono-substituted with CH3, NH2, NO2, COOH, OH or SO3H or isononanoate as anions of organic acids.
As a halide there is especially used chloride or bromide.
Especially suitable as the quaternary ammonium com-pound are lauryldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, N-benzyl-N-2-hydroxydodecyl-N,N-dimethylammonium iso-nonanoate or N-benzyl-N-2-hydroxydodecyl-N,N-dimethylammoniumbenzoate.
2082~1 7 In the general formula (II) of the surfactant compon-ent ~b), R6 of course represents a linear or branched alkyl group or alkenyl group having from 6 to 18 carbon atoms or a cyclic alkyl group having from 5 to 6 carbon atoms.
s Thus, the substituents R6 may include the following groups:
n-hexyl, n-heptyl, n-octyl, n-nonyl, n-decyl, n-undecyl, n-dodecyl, n-tridecyl, n-tetradecyl, n-penta decyl, n-hexa-decyl, n-heptadecyl, and n-octadecyl as well as the branched chain isomers of said alkyl groups. The number of the ethoxy moieties in the molecule - the index s - here is within the range of from 2 to 5. The substituent R7 in the general formula (II) represents a linear or branched alkyl group having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, i.e. methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, n-heptyl, n-octyl as s well as the corresponding branched-chain isomers or a ben-zyl group. Such alk(en)yl ethoxylate mixed ethers, which are also designated as end-capped fatty alcohol polyethyl-ene glycol ethers, are described in greater detail in the German Published Unexamined [Laid-Open] Patent Applications DE-OS's 33 15 951, 37 27 378, and 38 OO 490. In these DE-OS's there has also been disclosed the preparation of said nonionic surfactants.
Within the meaning of the invention it is preferred to use, as the component (b) of the surfactant combination, at least one alkyl ethoxylate mixed ether of the general form-ula (II), wherein R6 represents a linear alkyl group having from 8 to 10 carbon atoms, s represents a number within the range of from 3 to 5, and R7 represents a n-butyl group.
Particularly preferred alkyl ethoxylate mixed ethers of the general formula (II) are adducts of from 3.5 to 4.5 moles of ethylene oxide with fatty alcohols having from 8 to 10 carbon atoms, which have been etherified with an n-butyl group.
The surfactant combination according to the invention fully meets the requirements for solving the problems de-fined above. The combination according to the invention of the specific components (a) and (b) not only has a high 2082~1 7 cleaning power, but also causes anionic surfactants and/or emulsifiers to be efficiently demulsified while - even when used in a spray procedure - no undesirable foam formation occurs.
s If so desired, still further components may be added to the surfactant combination consisting of the components (a) and (b). Said further components may include:
(c) at least one alk(en)yl ethoxylate having the general formula (III):
RB-O(CH2CH2-O)~-H (III), wherein R8 represents a linear or branched alkyl group or alkenyl group having from 6 to 18 carbon atoms or a cyclic alkyl group having from 5 to 6 carbon atoms, and m represents a number within the range of from 2 to 12; and/or (d) at least one alk(en)yl ethoxylate-propoxylate having the general formula (IV):
R9-O(CH2CH20)p-A-H (IV), wherein R9 represents a linear or branched alkyl group or alkenyl group having from 6 to 18 carbon atoms or a cyclic alkyl group having from 5 to 6 carbon atoms;
p represents a number within the range of from 2 to 10; and A represents moieties of the types:
~(CH2~CH(CH3)~0)g and -(CH(CH3)-CH2-O)r-, the sum of (q + r) being a number within the range of from 2 to 8.
With respect to the optionally usable surfactant com-ponents (c) and (d), the following details are applicable:
In the above-mentioned general formula (III) of the components (c) R8 represents a linear or branched alkyl group or alkenyl group having from 6 to 18 carbon atoms.
Thus, as the substituent R8 there may be taken into consid-eration all those groups which have already been mentioned above in connection with the substituent R6 of the general formula (II). In the place of the saturated alkyl group, R8 may also represent the unsaturated alkyl groups (alkenyl groups) having a number of carbon atoms within the range 2o82sl 7 indicated above, which groups likewise may be linear or branched. Furthermore, R8 may also represent a cyclic alkyl group having from 5 to 6 carbon atoms, i.e., cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl. The number of the ethoxy moieties in the mole-5 cule - the index m - is within the range of from 2 to 12.
It is preferred within the scope of the invention to use as the component (c) those compounds having the general formula (III), wherein R8 represents a linear alkyl group or alkenyl group having from 6 to 18 carbon atoms and m represents a number within the range of from 2 to 10. Ac-cording to a particularly preferred embodiment of the pres-ent invention, there is used, as the surfactant component (c), the reaction product of octanol (R8 = linear alkyl group having 8 carbon atoms) with 4 moles of ethylene ox-ide.
With respect to the preparation of compounds havingthe general formula (III), reference may be made, for example, to the above-quoted article in Ullmann, loc. cit.
Such products are also commercially available, for example 20 under the trademark Dehydol ~R) (Henkel KGaA, D~sseldorf).
In the above-mentioned general formula (IV) of the surfactant components (d), R9 represents a linear or branched alkyl group or alkenyl group having from 6 to 18 carbon atoms or a cyclic alkyl group having from 5 to 6 25 carbon atoms. Thus, as the substituent R9 there may be taken into consideration all those groups which have al-ready been mentioned above in connection with the substit-uent R6 of the general formula (II). The number of the eth-oxy moieties in the molecule - the index p - is within the 30 range of from 2 to 10. The substituent A in the general formula (IV) denotes propoxy moieties, the number of the propoxy moieties - the sum of the indices (q + r) - being within the range of from 2 to 8.
It is preferred within the scope of the invention to 35 use as the component (d) those compounds having the general formula (IV), wherein R9 represents a linear alkyl group having from 8 to 18 carbon atoms, p represents a number 2o82~l 7 within the range of from 2 to 5, and A represents propoxy groups, and the sum of (q ~ r) is a number within the range of from 4 to 6. According to a particularly preferred em-bodiment of the present invention, there is used, as the s surfactant component (d), the reaction product of technical lauryl alcohol - which comprises alkyl groups having from 12 to 18 carbon atoms (about 80 % of which have from 12 to 14 carbon atoms) - with from 2 to 4 moles of ethylene oxide and 4 to 6 moles of propylene oxide or the reaction product of n-octanol with from 2 to 6 moles of ethylene oxide and 2 to 5 moles of propylene oxide.
With respect to the preparation of compounds having the general formula (IV), reference may likewise be made, for example, to the above-quoted article in Ullmann, loc.
cit. Such products are also commercially available, for example under the trademarks DEHYPONR-LS and -LT, respec-tively (Henkel KGaA, DUsseldorf).
The surfactant combinations to be used according to the invention and comprising a cationic surfactant (a) and a non-ionic surfactant (b) are further distinguished by a definite ratio by weight of the components (a):(b), which generally is within the range of from 20:1 to 1:20, and preferably within the range of from 2:1 to 1:10.
If, in addition to the non-ionic surfactant (b), the 2s non-ionic surfactants (c) and/or (d) are also present in the mixture, then the above numerical ratios are applicable also to the respective proportions (a):{(b) + (c)}, (a):{(b) + (d)}, and (a):{(b) + (c) + (d)}-The mixed ethers in (b) and the optionally contained ethoxylated and/or propoxylated fatty alcohols (c) and/or (d), in the sum thereof, are understood to be nonionic surfactants. The ratio of mixed ether (b) to ethoxylated and/or propoxylated fatty alcohols (c) and/or (d) is between 10:1 and 1:10.
3s The surfactant combinations to be used according to the invention are distinguished by a high cleaning capacity and demulsifying capacity at temperatures within the range 2o82~l 7 of from 15 C to 80 C. Moreover, in said temperature range they are usable with the spraying method without giving any problems, since they do not cause any undesir-able foam formation to occur. Further advantages include 5 very good wetting properties, providing a spot-free run-off from the cleaned articles of the cleaning liquids, very good demulsifying properties with respect to oils and fats which are not self-emulsifying, accomplishment of antistat-ic effectæ, good compoundability with additives as conven-tionally used in industrial cleaners and a very low foamheight in the Gotte frothing apparatus (DIN 53902).
As the additives which within the scope of the inven-tion are preferably employed in addition to the surfactant combinations there are to be taken into consideration:
15 Builders and/or complexing agents, corrosion inhibitors, as well as bases or acids. Optionally there may further be used stabilizers, solubilizers, or antimicrobially active agents as additives.
As the builders and/or complex-forming agents there may be used, for example, alkali metal orthophosphates, polyphosphates, silicates, borates, carbonates, polyacryl-ates and gluconates, as well as phosphonic acids or phos-phonoalkanoic carboxylic acids and/or the water soluble alkali metal salts thereof, for example, l-hydroxyethane-x l,l-diphosphonic acid or 2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricar-boxylic acid. Straight-chain or branched aliphatic car-boxylic acids and/or salts thereof are suitable as effi-cient corrosion inhibitors. Here, alkanolamine salts of straight-chain or branched mono carboxylic acids having from 8 to 11 carbon atoms are preferably used as corrosion inhibitors. Depending on the purpose of application, the aqueous solutions of the surfactant combinations to be used according to the invention may be acidic or alkaline; ac-cordingly, they may contain an excess of an acid or base, 3s for example of sodium hydroxide and/or potassium hydroxide.
The preparation of the surfactant combinations to be used according to the invention is effected by simply mix-, 2o825l7 ing the individual components. In the same manner powdery or liquid cleaning agents are prepared by mixing the sur-factant combinations to be used according to the invention with the other additives and optionally with water. Within s the scope of the invention, such cleaning agents contain from 1 to 70 % by weight, and preferably from 2 to 20 % by weight, of the surfactant combinations to be used according to the invention.
Within the scope of the invention, the surfactant com-binations to be used according to the invention are prefer-ably used in the form of water diluted application solu-tion. Such application solutions preferably contain the surfactant combinations to be used according to the inven-tion in concentrations of from 0.0001 to 1.5 % by weight, and especially from 0.0005 to 0.5 % by weight. Such ready-to-use application solutions which are employed within the meaning of the invention for cleaning hard surfaces in a spraying procedure have a pH value of 2 7. Such applica-tion solutions are prepared by simply admixing the surfact-ant combinations with water.
The invention is illustrated in detail by the follow-- ing Examples.
Example 1 Surfactant combinations according to the invention The abbreviations used hereinbelow have the following meanings: EO z ethylene oxide, PO = propylene oxide.
A 20 Parts of octanol + 4 EO (c) 20 Parts of octanol/decanol + 3 EO-butylether (b) 7 Parts of lauryldimethylbenzylammonium chloride (a) 30 Parts of fatty alcohol Cl2_18 + 2 EO + 4 PO (d) B 4 Parts of decanol + 2.9 EO (c) 36 Parts of decanol + 2 EO-butylether (b) 7 Parts of lauryldimethylbenzylammonium chloride (a) C 2 Parts of octanol/hexadecanol + 4 EO (c) 3s 4 Parts of octanol/decanol + 4 EO-butylether (b) 5 Parts of N-benzyl-N-2-hydroxydodecyl-N,N-dimethyl ammonium isononanoate (a) 2o82~l 7 D 6 Parts of octadecenol + 2 EO (c) 2 Parts of fatty alcohol Cl2_14 + 10 EO-butyl ether (b) 13 Parts of N-benzyl-N-2-hydroxydodecyl-N,N-dimeth-ylammoniu~ isononanoate (a) E 15 Parts of octanol + 4 EO-butylether (b) 3 Parts of N-Benzyl-N-2-hydroxydodecyl-N,N-dimeth-ylammonium benzoate (a) 2 Parts of fatty alcohol C12_18 ~ 2 EO - 4 PO (d) 10 F 15 Parts of octanol/decanol + 4 EO-butylether (b) l Part of lauryldimethylbenzylammonium chloride (a) G 2 Parts of octanol + 10 EO (c) 4 Parts of octanol/decanol + 4 EO-butylether (b) 5 Parts of N-benzyl-N-2-hydroxydodecyl-N,N-dimeth-ylammonium isononanoate (a) 5 Parts of fatty alcohol C12_18 + 3 EO + 6 PO (d) Example 2 Cleaner bases, as additives to the surfactant combinations according to the invention Base 1:
55.3 Parts of water 7.0 Parts of ethanolamine 10.0 Parts of triethanolamine 2s 8.0 Parts of diethanolamine 15.0 Parts of branched carboxylic acid having 9 carbon atoms 1.0 Part of 2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid 0.2 Parts of tolyltriazole 3.5 Parts of pentapotassium triphosphate Base 2:
59.2 Parts of water 10.0 Parts of ethanolamine 10.0 Parts of triethanolamine 5.0 Parts of diisopropanolamin 5.0 Parts of n-octanoic acid 2.0 Parts of branched carboxylic acid having 9 carbon atoms 5.0 Parts of branched carboxylic acid having s8 carbon atoms 3.0 Parts of boric acid O.8 Parts of polyacrylate (MW about 1,500) Base 3:
54.0 Parts of water 20.0 Parts of triethanolamine 5.0 Parts of diisopropanolamine 5.0 Parts of triisopropanolamine 10.0 Parts of mixture of branched carboxylic acids having from 9 to 11 carbon atoms 2.5 Parts of sodium gluconate 3.5 Parts of hexahydrotriazine derivative Base 4:
72.3 Parts of water 9.0 Parts of potassium hydroxide 2.5 Parts of sodium hydroxide 5.0 Parts of pentapotassium triphosphate 5.0 Parts of potassium gluconate 5.0 Parts of mixture of branched carboxylic acids having from 9 to 11 carbon atoms 1. 2 Parts of l-hydroxyethane-l,l-diphosphonic acid `
Base 5:
30.3 Parts of pentasodium triphosphate 30.3 Parts of tetrasodium diphosphate 30.3 Parts of trisodiumphosphate * 12 H2O
~,e~~
The application-technological properties of the sur-factant combinations of Example 1 to be used according to the invention were tested in cleaner bases according to 35 Example 2 in a laboratory spray unit. In this test, steel sheets (quality St 37) contaminated with an anticorrosive oil were treated by a spray procedure (spraying pressure from 2.5 to 5 bars) with aqueous application solutions which are characterized in greater detail in the following Table 1. The cleaning effect, foaming property as well as wetting of the sheet surfaces and the property of run-off 5 from the sheet surfaces of the application solutions were visually evaluated.
In all cases of the individual Examples summarized in Table 1 there was observed a good cleaning effect of the tested application solutions. It was further found that the application solutions were readily sprayable at the temperatures set forth in Table 1 and did not exhibit any adverse foaming. The results obtained with respect to the "wetting" and "run-off" properties are listed in Table 1 in the column "Remar~s".
The individual columns of Table 1 are explained here-inbelow:
"Base": Number of the cleaner base according to Example 2 used in the respective Test Example.
"Surfactant combination": Designation (code letter) of the surfactant combination according to Example 1 used in the respective Test Example.
"Amount": means the respective concentration (in % by weight) of the surfactant combination relative to the cleaner base employed.
Z5 nConcentration": Concentration (in g/l) of the cleaner in the application solution.
"Spraying temperaturen: Temperature of the application so-lution when used in the spray procedure without occurrence of any adverse foaming.
Fully deionized water was used in all of the tests.
2082~1 7 - ,~ ~ . __ ~ __ ~ 3 ~ ~ ~ l ~ 3 ~ ~ ~
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 3 ~ ~
o w w L L W W W
~ ~ ~q ~q ~ ~ ~n ~q ~n ~ ~ ~ ~ :~ ~ ~ ~:
~ , e U 1~ o o o o o r~ i4 L O ^ ~ --_ N N _ _ _ R 5 U J~ , ¦ N O O L Y R Y _ ~
_ _ _ N _ O O
-3 .1 ~1 v~ ~0 ~-- u a------ U--~
~ Y ¦_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ O
r~ ~ u~ ~ ~ l l a~
L ~--__ _ _ _ _ _ ~!
~1 ~ ~ ~ U~ ~ t` CD ~
_ ~ L ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ :
Example 4 Mixture 1*:
20 Parts of fatty alcohol Cl2_14 + 10 EO-butylether (b) 80 Parts of lauryldimethylbenzylammonium chloride (a) Mixture 2 :
85 Parts of fatty alcohol Cl2_l8 + 5 EO-butylether (b) 15 Parts of lauryldimethylbenzylammonium chloride (a) Mixture 3 :
85 Parts of octanol/decanol + 4 EO-butyl ether (b) 15 Parts of lauryldimethylbenzylammonium chloride ~a) Mixture 4 :
20 Parts of octanol/decanol + 4 EO-butyl ether (b) 80 Parts of lauryldimethylbenzylammonium chloride (a) * ) = Comparative Example The mixtures 1 to 4 are designed so that the mixed ethers (b) exhibit gradual differences in the fatty alcohol portion as well as in the EO portion. Here the mixed ether 1 is outside of the scope of the invention. On the other hand, the quaternary ammonium compounds (a) are all within the scope of the present invention.
The foaming test as described hereinafter shows that Mixture 1 according to the Comparative Example exhibits strong foaming - in comparison to the mixtures 2 to 4 according to the invention.
Foamina Test accordina to DIN 53902 Foaming test in the frothing apparatus according to DIN
53902 (foam height in ml) 100 beats / 25 C
t/s Mixture1* 2 3 4 o 800 260 20 350 100 beats / 30 c 2082S1 7 t/sMixture 1* 2 3 4 750 <10 <5 <5 100 beats / 5 C
t/s Nixturel* 2 3 4 0 750 40 lO 200 700 10 <5 <5 600 lO <S 0
sSuch industrial cleaners are mainly used in spray cleaning stations in the automotive industry and in the supplier industries thereof for cleaning and passivation.
They are suitable for intermediate cleaning and final cleaning of parts that have been subjected to chipless working or machining in fabrication and assembly plants.
Virtually all relevant materials, such as iron and steel, aluminum, Silumin(R), copper, brass, zinc and plastics, can be treated, and the majority of all of the organic or inor-2~82S17 ganic contaminations, such as cooling lubricants, rust proofing oils, working oils, drawing aids, pigments and light abraded metal dust, can be removed. Such cleaning agents may also be used in conventional immersion proced-ures; however, the application thereof in spraying proced-ures is usually preferred.
The chemical base components of such industrial clean-ers usually are surfactants and organic corrosion inhibit-ors. The latter assure a temporary protection from corro-o sion during and after the treatment. As a rule, such clean-ing agents additionally contain substances whirh are capa-ble of counteracting undesired foam formation. The use of such foam-inhibiting additives in most cases is caused by the fact that the contaminations accumulated in the clean-ing baths act as foam-forming materials. Moreover, it may be required to employ so-called antifoam agents due to the fact that the cleaning agents themselves contain components which under the given working conditions - i.e. especially in spraying processes - give rise to an undesirable foam formation; for example, anionic surfactants and some non-ionic surfactants tend to foam at actual working tempera-tures.
From Ullmanns Encyklopadie der technischen Chemie tEnglish translation of title: Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Technical Chemistry], 4th Edition, Volume 22 (1982), pages 489 to 493, there has been known the use of fatty alcohol-polyethylene glycol ethers - also designated as fatty alco-hol ethoxylates - as surfactant component in washing and cleaning agents. However, such addition products of ethyl-ene oxide to fatty alcohols are not suitable for use in spraying operations, because they strongly foam when ap-plied at temperatures within the range of from 15 C to 80 C. It has further been known to employ fatty alcohol eth-oxylate-propoxylates as weakly foaming detergent raw mater-ials; cf., Ullmann, loc. cit., page 494.
DE-A-36 20 011 describes cationic surfactants based on quaternary ammonium compounds and the use thereof in clean-ers. The cationic surfactants are employed in the alkallne pH range, along with other cleaner constituents.
EP-A-0 116 151 describe~ a process for regenerating and/or recycling aqueous degreasing and cleaning solutions s by the addition of cationic surfactants or cationically modified polymers or mixtures thereof.
EP-A-0 OS4 895 describes a surfactant mixture compris-ing a non-ionic surfactant and a quaternary ammonium com-pound as a cationic surfactant for cleaning hard surfaces.
o The nonionic surfactant i8 present in the mixture in an amount of from 20 to 95 % by weight, and the cationic sur-factant is present in an amount of from 5 to 80 % by weight.
In comparison, it was the object of the present inven-tion to provide surfactant combinations for cleaning hard surfaces, whlch surfactant combinations in the total range of temperatures which is of practical technical relevance, namely in the range of from lS to 80 C, exhibit low foam-ing properties and, hence, are suitable for a use in spray-ing processes. Moreover, these surfactant combinations are intended to have a high cleaning power and excellent wet-ting properties relative to the substrate to be treated therewith; furthermore, said surfactant combinations should be readily compoundable with the additives conventional in industrial cleaners, should allow the cleaner solutions to run off well from, without leaving visible spots on, the treated substrate surfaces, and should have demulsifying properties with respect to oils and fats which are not self-emulsifying. It is further intended to achieve advan-tageous electrostatic effects.
Surprisingly, it has been found that mixtures compris-ing specific ionic and non-ionic surfactants over a wide mixing range will fully meet the requirements described as the object above.
3s Thus, the present invention relates to the use, for cleaning hard surfaces, of a combination of ionic and nonionic surfactants, containing:
(a) at least one quaternary ammonium compound having the general formula (I):
Rl(-CHoH-CHR2)n-N'R3R4Rs X~ (I), wherein R1 represents a linear or branched alkyl group having from 1 to 22 carbon atoms; R2 represents hydro-gen or a linear or branched alkyl group having from 1 to 21 carbon atoms, the total number of the carbon at-oms of the substituents Rl and R2 being within the range of from 9 to 22; n = 0 or 1; R3 and R4 represent methyl, ethyl, 2-hydroxyethyl, or hydroxypropyl; R5 represents an alkyl group having from 4 to 6 carbon atoms or a phenylalkyl group having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety; and X~ represents a halide or the anion of an organic acid having from 4 to 15 carbon atoms; and (b) at least one alk(en)yl polyethylene glycol mixed ether having the general formula (II):
R6-O-(CH2CH2-O)8-R7 (II) wherein R6 represents a linear or branched alkyl group or alkenyl group having from 6 to 18 carbon atoms or a cyclic alkyl group having from 5 to 6 carbon atoms;
s represents a number within the range of from 2 to 5;
and R7 represents a linear or branched alkyl group having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms or a benzyl group, the ratio by weight of the components (a):(b) being within the range of from 20:1 to 1:20.
Particularly preferred is a ratio by weight of the components (a):(b) of from 2:1 to 1:10.
Particularly preferred anions X~ of the quaternary ammonium compounds are, more specifically, benzoate or benzoate which has been mono-substituted with CH3, NH2, NO2, COOH, OH or SO3H or isononanoate as anions of organic acids.
As a halide there is especially used chloride or bromide.
Especially suitable as the quaternary ammonium com-pound are lauryldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, N-benzyl-N-2-hydroxydodecyl-N,N-dimethylammonium iso-nonanoate or N-benzyl-N-2-hydroxydodecyl-N,N-dimethylammoniumbenzoate.
2082~1 7 In the general formula (II) of the surfactant compon-ent ~b), R6 of course represents a linear or branched alkyl group or alkenyl group having from 6 to 18 carbon atoms or a cyclic alkyl group having from 5 to 6 carbon atoms.
s Thus, the substituents R6 may include the following groups:
n-hexyl, n-heptyl, n-octyl, n-nonyl, n-decyl, n-undecyl, n-dodecyl, n-tridecyl, n-tetradecyl, n-penta decyl, n-hexa-decyl, n-heptadecyl, and n-octadecyl as well as the branched chain isomers of said alkyl groups. The number of the ethoxy moieties in the molecule - the index s - here is within the range of from 2 to 5. The substituent R7 in the general formula (II) represents a linear or branched alkyl group having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, i.e. methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, n-heptyl, n-octyl as s well as the corresponding branched-chain isomers or a ben-zyl group. Such alk(en)yl ethoxylate mixed ethers, which are also designated as end-capped fatty alcohol polyethyl-ene glycol ethers, are described in greater detail in the German Published Unexamined [Laid-Open] Patent Applications DE-OS's 33 15 951, 37 27 378, and 38 OO 490. In these DE-OS's there has also been disclosed the preparation of said nonionic surfactants.
Within the meaning of the invention it is preferred to use, as the component (b) of the surfactant combination, at least one alkyl ethoxylate mixed ether of the general form-ula (II), wherein R6 represents a linear alkyl group having from 8 to 10 carbon atoms, s represents a number within the range of from 3 to 5, and R7 represents a n-butyl group.
Particularly preferred alkyl ethoxylate mixed ethers of the general formula (II) are adducts of from 3.5 to 4.5 moles of ethylene oxide with fatty alcohols having from 8 to 10 carbon atoms, which have been etherified with an n-butyl group.
The surfactant combination according to the invention fully meets the requirements for solving the problems de-fined above. The combination according to the invention of the specific components (a) and (b) not only has a high 2082~1 7 cleaning power, but also causes anionic surfactants and/or emulsifiers to be efficiently demulsified while - even when used in a spray procedure - no undesirable foam formation occurs.
s If so desired, still further components may be added to the surfactant combination consisting of the components (a) and (b). Said further components may include:
(c) at least one alk(en)yl ethoxylate having the general formula (III):
RB-O(CH2CH2-O)~-H (III), wherein R8 represents a linear or branched alkyl group or alkenyl group having from 6 to 18 carbon atoms or a cyclic alkyl group having from 5 to 6 carbon atoms, and m represents a number within the range of from 2 to 12; and/or (d) at least one alk(en)yl ethoxylate-propoxylate having the general formula (IV):
R9-O(CH2CH20)p-A-H (IV), wherein R9 represents a linear or branched alkyl group or alkenyl group having from 6 to 18 carbon atoms or a cyclic alkyl group having from 5 to 6 carbon atoms;
p represents a number within the range of from 2 to 10; and A represents moieties of the types:
~(CH2~CH(CH3)~0)g and -(CH(CH3)-CH2-O)r-, the sum of (q + r) being a number within the range of from 2 to 8.
With respect to the optionally usable surfactant com-ponents (c) and (d), the following details are applicable:
In the above-mentioned general formula (III) of the components (c) R8 represents a linear or branched alkyl group or alkenyl group having from 6 to 18 carbon atoms.
Thus, as the substituent R8 there may be taken into consid-eration all those groups which have already been mentioned above in connection with the substituent R6 of the general formula (II). In the place of the saturated alkyl group, R8 may also represent the unsaturated alkyl groups (alkenyl groups) having a number of carbon atoms within the range 2o82sl 7 indicated above, which groups likewise may be linear or branched. Furthermore, R8 may also represent a cyclic alkyl group having from 5 to 6 carbon atoms, i.e., cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl. The number of the ethoxy moieties in the mole-5 cule - the index m - is within the range of from 2 to 12.
It is preferred within the scope of the invention to use as the component (c) those compounds having the general formula (III), wherein R8 represents a linear alkyl group or alkenyl group having from 6 to 18 carbon atoms and m represents a number within the range of from 2 to 10. Ac-cording to a particularly preferred embodiment of the pres-ent invention, there is used, as the surfactant component (c), the reaction product of octanol (R8 = linear alkyl group having 8 carbon atoms) with 4 moles of ethylene ox-ide.
With respect to the preparation of compounds havingthe general formula (III), reference may be made, for example, to the above-quoted article in Ullmann, loc. cit.
Such products are also commercially available, for example 20 under the trademark Dehydol ~R) (Henkel KGaA, D~sseldorf).
In the above-mentioned general formula (IV) of the surfactant components (d), R9 represents a linear or branched alkyl group or alkenyl group having from 6 to 18 carbon atoms or a cyclic alkyl group having from 5 to 6 25 carbon atoms. Thus, as the substituent R9 there may be taken into consideration all those groups which have al-ready been mentioned above in connection with the substit-uent R6 of the general formula (II). The number of the eth-oxy moieties in the molecule - the index p - is within the 30 range of from 2 to 10. The substituent A in the general formula (IV) denotes propoxy moieties, the number of the propoxy moieties - the sum of the indices (q + r) - being within the range of from 2 to 8.
It is preferred within the scope of the invention to 35 use as the component (d) those compounds having the general formula (IV), wherein R9 represents a linear alkyl group having from 8 to 18 carbon atoms, p represents a number 2o82~l 7 within the range of from 2 to 5, and A represents propoxy groups, and the sum of (q ~ r) is a number within the range of from 4 to 6. According to a particularly preferred em-bodiment of the present invention, there is used, as the s surfactant component (d), the reaction product of technical lauryl alcohol - which comprises alkyl groups having from 12 to 18 carbon atoms (about 80 % of which have from 12 to 14 carbon atoms) - with from 2 to 4 moles of ethylene oxide and 4 to 6 moles of propylene oxide or the reaction product of n-octanol with from 2 to 6 moles of ethylene oxide and 2 to 5 moles of propylene oxide.
With respect to the preparation of compounds having the general formula (IV), reference may likewise be made, for example, to the above-quoted article in Ullmann, loc.
cit. Such products are also commercially available, for example under the trademarks DEHYPONR-LS and -LT, respec-tively (Henkel KGaA, DUsseldorf).
The surfactant combinations to be used according to the invention and comprising a cationic surfactant (a) and a non-ionic surfactant (b) are further distinguished by a definite ratio by weight of the components (a):(b), which generally is within the range of from 20:1 to 1:20, and preferably within the range of from 2:1 to 1:10.
If, in addition to the non-ionic surfactant (b), the 2s non-ionic surfactants (c) and/or (d) are also present in the mixture, then the above numerical ratios are applicable also to the respective proportions (a):{(b) + (c)}, (a):{(b) + (d)}, and (a):{(b) + (c) + (d)}-The mixed ethers in (b) and the optionally contained ethoxylated and/or propoxylated fatty alcohols (c) and/or (d), in the sum thereof, are understood to be nonionic surfactants. The ratio of mixed ether (b) to ethoxylated and/or propoxylated fatty alcohols (c) and/or (d) is between 10:1 and 1:10.
3s The surfactant combinations to be used according to the invention are distinguished by a high cleaning capacity and demulsifying capacity at temperatures within the range 2o82~l 7 of from 15 C to 80 C. Moreover, in said temperature range they are usable with the spraying method without giving any problems, since they do not cause any undesir-able foam formation to occur. Further advantages include 5 very good wetting properties, providing a spot-free run-off from the cleaned articles of the cleaning liquids, very good demulsifying properties with respect to oils and fats which are not self-emulsifying, accomplishment of antistat-ic effectæ, good compoundability with additives as conven-tionally used in industrial cleaners and a very low foamheight in the Gotte frothing apparatus (DIN 53902).
As the additives which within the scope of the inven-tion are preferably employed in addition to the surfactant combinations there are to be taken into consideration:
15 Builders and/or complexing agents, corrosion inhibitors, as well as bases or acids. Optionally there may further be used stabilizers, solubilizers, or antimicrobially active agents as additives.
As the builders and/or complex-forming agents there may be used, for example, alkali metal orthophosphates, polyphosphates, silicates, borates, carbonates, polyacryl-ates and gluconates, as well as phosphonic acids or phos-phonoalkanoic carboxylic acids and/or the water soluble alkali metal salts thereof, for example, l-hydroxyethane-x l,l-diphosphonic acid or 2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricar-boxylic acid. Straight-chain or branched aliphatic car-boxylic acids and/or salts thereof are suitable as effi-cient corrosion inhibitors. Here, alkanolamine salts of straight-chain or branched mono carboxylic acids having from 8 to 11 carbon atoms are preferably used as corrosion inhibitors. Depending on the purpose of application, the aqueous solutions of the surfactant combinations to be used according to the invention may be acidic or alkaline; ac-cordingly, they may contain an excess of an acid or base, 3s for example of sodium hydroxide and/or potassium hydroxide.
The preparation of the surfactant combinations to be used according to the invention is effected by simply mix-, 2o825l7 ing the individual components. In the same manner powdery or liquid cleaning agents are prepared by mixing the sur-factant combinations to be used according to the invention with the other additives and optionally with water. Within s the scope of the invention, such cleaning agents contain from 1 to 70 % by weight, and preferably from 2 to 20 % by weight, of the surfactant combinations to be used according to the invention.
Within the scope of the invention, the surfactant com-binations to be used according to the invention are prefer-ably used in the form of water diluted application solu-tion. Such application solutions preferably contain the surfactant combinations to be used according to the inven-tion in concentrations of from 0.0001 to 1.5 % by weight, and especially from 0.0005 to 0.5 % by weight. Such ready-to-use application solutions which are employed within the meaning of the invention for cleaning hard surfaces in a spraying procedure have a pH value of 2 7. Such applica-tion solutions are prepared by simply admixing the surfact-ant combinations with water.
The invention is illustrated in detail by the follow-- ing Examples.
Example 1 Surfactant combinations according to the invention The abbreviations used hereinbelow have the following meanings: EO z ethylene oxide, PO = propylene oxide.
A 20 Parts of octanol + 4 EO (c) 20 Parts of octanol/decanol + 3 EO-butylether (b) 7 Parts of lauryldimethylbenzylammonium chloride (a) 30 Parts of fatty alcohol Cl2_18 + 2 EO + 4 PO (d) B 4 Parts of decanol + 2.9 EO (c) 36 Parts of decanol + 2 EO-butylether (b) 7 Parts of lauryldimethylbenzylammonium chloride (a) C 2 Parts of octanol/hexadecanol + 4 EO (c) 3s 4 Parts of octanol/decanol + 4 EO-butylether (b) 5 Parts of N-benzyl-N-2-hydroxydodecyl-N,N-dimethyl ammonium isononanoate (a) 2o82~l 7 D 6 Parts of octadecenol + 2 EO (c) 2 Parts of fatty alcohol Cl2_14 + 10 EO-butyl ether (b) 13 Parts of N-benzyl-N-2-hydroxydodecyl-N,N-dimeth-ylammoniu~ isononanoate (a) E 15 Parts of octanol + 4 EO-butylether (b) 3 Parts of N-Benzyl-N-2-hydroxydodecyl-N,N-dimeth-ylammonium benzoate (a) 2 Parts of fatty alcohol C12_18 ~ 2 EO - 4 PO (d) 10 F 15 Parts of octanol/decanol + 4 EO-butylether (b) l Part of lauryldimethylbenzylammonium chloride (a) G 2 Parts of octanol + 10 EO (c) 4 Parts of octanol/decanol + 4 EO-butylether (b) 5 Parts of N-benzyl-N-2-hydroxydodecyl-N,N-dimeth-ylammonium isononanoate (a) 5 Parts of fatty alcohol C12_18 + 3 EO + 6 PO (d) Example 2 Cleaner bases, as additives to the surfactant combinations according to the invention Base 1:
55.3 Parts of water 7.0 Parts of ethanolamine 10.0 Parts of triethanolamine 2s 8.0 Parts of diethanolamine 15.0 Parts of branched carboxylic acid having 9 carbon atoms 1.0 Part of 2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid 0.2 Parts of tolyltriazole 3.5 Parts of pentapotassium triphosphate Base 2:
59.2 Parts of water 10.0 Parts of ethanolamine 10.0 Parts of triethanolamine 5.0 Parts of diisopropanolamin 5.0 Parts of n-octanoic acid 2.0 Parts of branched carboxylic acid having 9 carbon atoms 5.0 Parts of branched carboxylic acid having s8 carbon atoms 3.0 Parts of boric acid O.8 Parts of polyacrylate (MW about 1,500) Base 3:
54.0 Parts of water 20.0 Parts of triethanolamine 5.0 Parts of diisopropanolamine 5.0 Parts of triisopropanolamine 10.0 Parts of mixture of branched carboxylic acids having from 9 to 11 carbon atoms 2.5 Parts of sodium gluconate 3.5 Parts of hexahydrotriazine derivative Base 4:
72.3 Parts of water 9.0 Parts of potassium hydroxide 2.5 Parts of sodium hydroxide 5.0 Parts of pentapotassium triphosphate 5.0 Parts of potassium gluconate 5.0 Parts of mixture of branched carboxylic acids having from 9 to 11 carbon atoms 1. 2 Parts of l-hydroxyethane-l,l-diphosphonic acid `
Base 5:
30.3 Parts of pentasodium triphosphate 30.3 Parts of tetrasodium diphosphate 30.3 Parts of trisodiumphosphate * 12 H2O
~,e~~
The application-technological properties of the sur-factant combinations of Example 1 to be used according to the invention were tested in cleaner bases according to 35 Example 2 in a laboratory spray unit. In this test, steel sheets (quality St 37) contaminated with an anticorrosive oil were treated by a spray procedure (spraying pressure from 2.5 to 5 bars) with aqueous application solutions which are characterized in greater detail in the following Table 1. The cleaning effect, foaming property as well as wetting of the sheet surfaces and the property of run-off 5 from the sheet surfaces of the application solutions were visually evaluated.
In all cases of the individual Examples summarized in Table 1 there was observed a good cleaning effect of the tested application solutions. It was further found that the application solutions were readily sprayable at the temperatures set forth in Table 1 and did not exhibit any adverse foaming. The results obtained with respect to the "wetting" and "run-off" properties are listed in Table 1 in the column "Remar~s".
The individual columns of Table 1 are explained here-inbelow:
"Base": Number of the cleaner base according to Example 2 used in the respective Test Example.
"Surfactant combination": Designation (code letter) of the surfactant combination according to Example 1 used in the respective Test Example.
"Amount": means the respective concentration (in % by weight) of the surfactant combination relative to the cleaner base employed.
Z5 nConcentration": Concentration (in g/l) of the cleaner in the application solution.
"Spraying temperaturen: Temperature of the application so-lution when used in the spray procedure without occurrence of any adverse foaming.
Fully deionized water was used in all of the tests.
2082~1 7 - ,~ ~ . __ ~ __ ~ 3 ~ ~ ~ l ~ 3 ~ ~ ~
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 3 ~ ~
o w w L L W W W
~ ~ ~q ~q ~ ~ ~n ~q ~n ~ ~ ~ ~ :~ ~ ~ ~:
~ , e U 1~ o o o o o r~ i4 L O ^ ~ --_ N N _ _ _ R 5 U J~ , ¦ N O O L Y R Y _ ~
_ _ _ N _ O O
-3 .1 ~1 v~ ~0 ~-- u a------ U--~
~ Y ¦_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ O
r~ ~ u~ ~ ~ l l a~
L ~--__ _ _ _ _ _ ~!
~1 ~ ~ ~ U~ ~ t` CD ~
_ ~ L ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ :
Example 4 Mixture 1*:
20 Parts of fatty alcohol Cl2_14 + 10 EO-butylether (b) 80 Parts of lauryldimethylbenzylammonium chloride (a) Mixture 2 :
85 Parts of fatty alcohol Cl2_l8 + 5 EO-butylether (b) 15 Parts of lauryldimethylbenzylammonium chloride (a) Mixture 3 :
85 Parts of octanol/decanol + 4 EO-butyl ether (b) 15 Parts of lauryldimethylbenzylammonium chloride ~a) Mixture 4 :
20 Parts of octanol/decanol + 4 EO-butyl ether (b) 80 Parts of lauryldimethylbenzylammonium chloride (a) * ) = Comparative Example The mixtures 1 to 4 are designed so that the mixed ethers (b) exhibit gradual differences in the fatty alcohol portion as well as in the EO portion. Here the mixed ether 1 is outside of the scope of the invention. On the other hand, the quaternary ammonium compounds (a) are all within the scope of the present invention.
The foaming test as described hereinafter shows that Mixture 1 according to the Comparative Example exhibits strong foaming - in comparison to the mixtures 2 to 4 according to the invention.
Foamina Test accordina to DIN 53902 Foaming test in the frothing apparatus according to DIN
53902 (foam height in ml) 100 beats / 25 C
t/s Mixture1* 2 3 4 o 800 260 20 350 100 beats / 30 c 2082S1 7 t/sMixture 1* 2 3 4 750 <10 <5 <5 100 beats / 5 C
t/s Nixturel* 2 3 4 0 750 40 lO 200 700 10 <5 <5 600 lO <S 0
Claims (12)
1. Use, for cleaning hard surfaces, of a combination of ionic and non-ionic surfactants, containing:
(a) at least one quaternary ammonium compound having the general formula (I):
R1(-CHOH-CHR2)n-N+R3R4R5 X- (I), wherein R1 represents a linear or branched alkyl group having from 1 to 22 carbon atoms; R2 represents hydrogen or a linear or branched alkyl group having from 1 to 21 carbon atoms, the total number of the carbon atoms of the substituents R1 and R2 being within the range of from 10 to 22; n = 0 or 1; R3 and R4 represent methyl, ethyl, 2-hydroxyethyl or hydroxy-propyl; R5 represents an alkyl group having from 4 to 6 carbon atoms or a phenylalkyl group having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety; and X- represents a halide or the anion of an organic acid having from 4 to 15 carbon atoms; and (b) at least one alk(en)yl polyethylene glycol mixed ether having the general formula (II):
R6-O-(CH2CH2-O)8-R7 (II), wherein R6 represents a linear alkyl group having from 8 to 10 carbon atoms or a cyclic alkyl group having from 5 to 6 carbon atoms; s represents a number within the range of from 2 to 4.5, and R7 represents a linear alkyl group having 4 carbon atoms or a benzyl group, the ratio by weight of the components (a):(b) being within the range of from 20:1 to 1:20.
(a) at least one quaternary ammonium compound having the general formula (I):
R1(-CHOH-CHR2)n-N+R3R4R5 X- (I), wherein R1 represents a linear or branched alkyl group having from 1 to 22 carbon atoms; R2 represents hydrogen or a linear or branched alkyl group having from 1 to 21 carbon atoms, the total number of the carbon atoms of the substituents R1 and R2 being within the range of from 10 to 22; n = 0 or 1; R3 and R4 represent methyl, ethyl, 2-hydroxyethyl or hydroxy-propyl; R5 represents an alkyl group having from 4 to 6 carbon atoms or a phenylalkyl group having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety; and X- represents a halide or the anion of an organic acid having from 4 to 15 carbon atoms; and (b) at least one alk(en)yl polyethylene glycol mixed ether having the general formula (II):
R6-O-(CH2CH2-O)8-R7 (II), wherein R6 represents a linear alkyl group having from 8 to 10 carbon atoms or a cyclic alkyl group having from 5 to 6 carbon atoms; s represents a number within the range of from 2 to 4.5, and R7 represents a linear alkyl group having 4 carbon atoms or a benzyl group, the ratio by weight of the components (a):(b) being within the range of from 20:1 to 1:20.
2. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio by weight of the components (a):(b) is within the range of from 2:1 to 1:10.
3. Use according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the anion of component (a) is chloride, bromide, benzoate or benzoate which has been mono-substituted with CH3, NH2, NO2, COOH, OH or SO3H.
4. Use according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that as the quaternary ammonium compound there is used lauryl-dimethylbenzylammoniumchloride,N-benzyl-N-2-hydroxxydodec-yl-N,N-dimethylammonium isononanoate or N-benzyl-N-2-hy-droxydodecyl-N,N-dimethylammonium benzoate.
5. Use according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, charac-terized in that the surfactant combination additionally contains at least one alk(en)yl ethoxylate having the general formula (III):
R8-O(CH2CH2-O)m-H (III), wherein R8 represents a linear or branched alkyl group or alkenyl group having from 6 to 18 carbon atoms or a cyclic alkyl group having from 5 to 6 carbon atoms, and m repre-sents a number within the range of from 2 to 12.
R8-O(CH2CH2-O)m-H (III), wherein R8 represents a linear or branched alkyl group or alkenyl group having from 6 to 18 carbon atoms or a cyclic alkyl group having from 5 to 6 carbon atoms, and m repre-sents a number within the range of from 2 to 12.
6. Use according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, charac-terized in that the surfactant combination additionally contains at least one alk(en)yl ethoxylate-propoxylate having the general formula (IV):
R9-O(CH2CH2O)p-A-H (IV), wherein R9 represents a linear or branched alkyl group or alkenyl group having from 6 to 18 carbon atoms or a cyclic alkyl group having from 5 to 6 carbon atoms, p represents a number within the range of from 2 to 10, and A represents moieties of the types:
-(CH2-CH(CH3)-O)q and -(CH(CH3)-CH2-O) r-, the sum of (q + r) being a number within the range of from 2 to 8.
R9-O(CH2CH2O)p-A-H (IV), wherein R9 represents a linear or branched alkyl group or alkenyl group having from 6 to 18 carbon atoms or a cyclic alkyl group having from 5 to 6 carbon atoms, p represents a number within the range of from 2 to 10, and A represents moieties of the types:
-(CH2-CH(CH3)-O)q and -(CH(CH3)-CH2-O) r-, the sum of (q + r) being a number within the range of from 2 to 8.
7. Use according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, charac-terized in that the surfactant combination additionally contains an alk(en)yl ethoxylate having the general formula (III) according to claim 5 and an alk(en)yl ethoxylate-pro-poxylate having the general formula (IV) according to claim 6.
8. Use according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, charac-terized in that the ratio by weight of the components (a):{(b) + (c)}, (a):{(b) + (d)}, or (a):{(b) + (c) + (d)}
is between 20:1 and 1:20, and preferably between 2:1 and 1:10.
is between 20:1 and 1:20, and preferably between 2:1 and 1:10.
9. Use according to one or more of claims 1 to 8, charac-terized in that the ratio by weight of the components (b):{(c) and/or (d)} is between 10:1 and 1:10.
10. Use according to one or more of claims 1 to 9, charac-terized in that the surfactant combination additionally contains builders and/or complexing agents, corrosion inhibitors, as well as bases or acids.
11. Use according to one or more of claims 1 to 10, char-acterized in that the surfactant combination is used in the form of water-diluted application solutions in concentra-tions of from 0.0001 to 1.5 % by weight, and especially from 0.0005 to 0.5% by weight.
12. Use according to any one of claims 1 to 11, charac-terized in that the surfactant combination is used in the form of water-diluted application solutions in concentra-tions of from 0.0001 to 1.5% by weight, and especially from 0.0005 to 0.5% by weight.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4014859A DE4014859A1 (en) | 1990-05-09 | 1990-05-09 | USE OF A COMBINATION OF IONIC AND NON-IONIC SURFACES |
| DEP4014859.9 | 1990-05-09 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2082517A1 true CA2082517A1 (en) | 1991-11-10 |
Family
ID=6406025
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002082517A Abandoned CA2082517A1 (en) | 1990-05-09 | 1991-04-30 | Use of a combination of ionic and non-ionic tensides |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5308401A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0527824B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH05506689A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE116681T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU7769091A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2082517A1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE4014859A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0527824T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2066441T3 (en) |
| PT (1) | PT97594B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1991017233A1 (en) |
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| DE69321566T2 (en) * | 1992-12-04 | 1999-06-02 | Procter & Gamble | Self-thickening acidic cleaning composition |
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| DE4323252C2 (en) * | 1993-07-12 | 1995-09-14 | Henkel Kgaa | Rinse aid for machine cleaning hard surfaces |
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| US5912219A (en) * | 1994-02-03 | 1999-06-15 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Acidic cleaning compositions |
| PT666303E (en) * | 1994-02-03 | 2001-08-30 | Procter & Gamble | COMPOSITIONS FOR REMOVAL OF CALCARY SCREW |
| DE69422014T2 (en) * | 1994-02-03 | 2000-07-20 | Procter & Gamble | Acidic cleaning compositions |
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| AU689624B2 (en) * | 1994-07-21 | 1998-04-02 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Concentrated cleaner compositions capable of viscosity increase upon dilution |
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| GB9503594D0 (en) * | 1995-02-23 | 1995-04-12 | Unilever Plc | Cleaning composition comprising dialkyl cationic surfactants |
| DE19515086A1 (en) * | 1995-04-25 | 1996-10-31 | Hoechst Ag | Process for removing contaminating coatings from metal surfaces |
| US6013615A (en) | 1995-07-26 | 2000-01-11 | The Clorox Company | Antimicrobial hard surface cleaner |
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| US7435706B2 (en) * | 2000-12-29 | 2008-10-14 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Thinners for invert emulsions |
| AU2001226086B2 (en) | 2000-12-29 | 2007-06-28 | Emery Oleochemicals Gmbh | Thinners for invert emulsions |
| US7572755B2 (en) * | 2000-12-29 | 2009-08-11 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Drilling fluid comprising a vinyl neodecanoate polymer and method for enhanced suspension |
| US6887832B2 (en) * | 2000-12-29 | 2005-05-03 | Halliburton Energy Service,S Inc. | Method of formulating and using a drilling mud with fragile gels |
| US20030036484A1 (en) | 2001-08-14 | 2003-02-20 | Jeff Kirsner | Blends of esters with isomerized olefins and other hydrocarbons as base oils for invert emulsion oil muds |
| US7534746B2 (en) * | 2001-10-31 | 2009-05-19 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Metallic soaps of modified tall oil acids |
| US7008907B2 (en) * | 2001-10-31 | 2006-03-07 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Additive for oil-based drilling fluids |
| US7271132B2 (en) * | 2001-10-31 | 2007-09-18 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Metallic soaps of modified fatty acids and rosin acids and methods of making and using same |
| US6620770B1 (en) | 2001-10-31 | 2003-09-16 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Additive for oil-based drilling fluids |
| KR20050044085A (en) * | 2003-11-07 | 2005-05-12 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Aqueous cleaning solution for integrated circuit device and cleaning method using the cleaning solution |
| DE102004057623A1 (en) * | 2004-11-29 | 2006-06-01 | Henkel Kgaa | Aqueous cleaning agent concentrate, useful for cleaning oil- and/or fat- polluted metallic surfaces, comprises water, glycol ether and/or non-ionic surfactant, polyethylenimine and cationic surfactant |
| US8349979B2 (en) * | 2005-06-14 | 2013-01-08 | Basf Construction Polymers Gmbh | Liquid admixture composition |
| US8344084B2 (en) | 2005-06-14 | 2013-01-01 | Basf Construction Polymers Gmbh | Liquid admixture composition |
| US20080017078A1 (en) * | 2005-06-14 | 2008-01-24 | Manfred Bichler | Liquid admixture composition |
| DE102006018216B4 (en) * | 2006-04-18 | 2008-09-25 | Chemetall Gmbh | Process for the demulsifying cleaning of metallic surfaces |
| DE102007019458A1 (en) * | 2007-04-25 | 2008-10-30 | Basf Se | Phosphate-free machine dishwashing detergent with excellent rinse performance |
| DE102007019457A1 (en) * | 2007-04-25 | 2008-10-30 | Basf Se | Machine dishwashing detergent with excellent rinse performance |
| DE102007000501A1 (en) | 2007-10-15 | 2009-04-16 | Chemetall Gmbh | Cleaning composition for metallic surfaces |
| JP2014141668A (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2014-08-07 | Sanyo Chem Ind Ltd | Cleaner for electronic material |
| CN103740489A (en) * | 2014-02-12 | 2014-04-23 | 北京戴斯科技有限公司 | Pipeline cleaning agent |
| JP2016132737A (en) * | 2015-01-20 | 2016-07-25 | Ｊｆｅエンジニアリング株式会社 | Cleaner for coated film-peeling agent, and method for cleaning coated film-peeling agent using the same |
| AU2017267050B2 (en) | 2016-05-17 | 2020-03-05 | Unilever Global Ip Limited | Liquid laundry detergent compositions |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2556499A1 (en) * | 1975-12-16 | 1977-06-30 | Hoechst Ag | Low-foaming disinfectants and cleaners - contg. alkyl polyglycol tert. butyl ether |
| DE3048642A1 (en) * | 1980-12-23 | 1982-07-15 | Hoechst Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | "TENSIDE MIXTURE FOR CLEANING HARD SURFACES" |
| DE3048641A1 (en) * | 1980-12-23 | 1982-07-15 | Hoechst Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | "TENSIDE-CONTAINING MIXTURE FOR CLEANING HARD SURFACES" |
| DE3247431A1 (en) * | 1982-12-22 | 1984-06-28 | Henkel KGaA, 4000 Düsseldorf | METHOD FOR REGENERATION OR FOR RECYCLING AQUEOUS DEGREASING AND CLEANING SOLUTIONS |
| DE3521952A1 (en) * | 1985-06-20 | 1987-01-02 | Henkel Kgaa | AQUEOUS COMPOSITIONS FOR THE HILITE AND FLUX PROCESS AND THEIR USE |
| DE3620011A1 (en) * | 1986-06-13 | 1987-12-17 | Henkel Kgaa | NEW CATIONAL SIDE BASED ON QUARTA AMMONIUM COMPOUNDS AND THEIR USE IN CLEANING AGENTS |
| ES2026494T3 (en) * | 1986-07-24 | 1992-05-01 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | MIXTURES OF POOR FOAM SURFACES AND / OR FOAM REDUCERS AND THEIR USE. |
-
1990
- 1990-05-09 DE DE4014859A patent/DE4014859A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1991
- 1991-04-30 DE DE59104163T patent/DE59104163D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-04-30 WO PCT/EP1991/000823 patent/WO1991017233A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1991-04-30 ES ES91908642T patent/ES2066441T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-04-30 US US07/946,367 patent/US5308401A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-04-30 JP JP91508173A patent/JPH05506689A/en active Pending
- 1991-04-30 AT AT91908642T patent/ATE116681T1/en active
- 1991-04-30 DK DK91908642.1T patent/DK0527824T3/en active
- 1991-04-30 AU AU77690/91A patent/AU7769091A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1991-04-30 CA CA002082517A patent/CA2082517A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1991-04-30 EP EP91908642A patent/EP0527824B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-05-07 PT PT97594A patent/PT97594B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0527824A1 (en) | 1993-02-24 |
| AU7769091A (en) | 1991-11-27 |
| JPH05506689A (en) | 1993-09-30 |
| DE4014859A1 (en) | 1991-11-14 |
| DE59104163D1 (en) | 1995-02-16 |
| PT97594B (en) | 1998-08-31 |
| DK0527824T3 (en) | 1995-06-19 |
| US5308401A (en) | 1994-05-03 |
| ES2066441T3 (en) | 1995-03-01 |
| PT97594A (en) | 1992-02-28 |
| EP0527824B1 (en) | 1995-01-04 |
| ATE116681T1 (en) | 1995-01-15 |
| WO1991017233A1 (en) | 1991-11-14 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Discontinued |