CA2054478A1 - Antiperspirant composition - Google Patents
Antiperspirant compositionInfo
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- CA2054478A1 CA2054478A1 CA 2054478 CA2054478A CA2054478A1 CA 2054478 A1 CA2054478 A1 CA 2054478A1 CA 2054478 CA2054478 CA 2054478 CA 2054478 A CA2054478 A CA 2054478A CA 2054478 A1 CA2054478 A1 CA 2054478A1
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- antiperspirant
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Abstract
J 7018 (R) Abstract An antiperspirant stick composition suitable for topical application to human skin, comprising:
i. an effective amount of an antiperspirant astringent;
ii. a volatile silicone;
iii. a structurant comprising 0-40% by weight of the total composition of alcohols selected from long-chain water insoluble aliphatic alcohols having 12-20 carbon atoms in the chain.
iv. an additional structurant comprising 0.8-20% by weight of the total composition of alcohols selected from long-chain insoluble aliphatic alcohols having 22-26 carbon atoms in the chain.
i. an effective amount of an antiperspirant astringent;
ii. a volatile silicone;
iii. a structurant comprising 0-40% by weight of the total composition of alcohols selected from long-chain water insoluble aliphatic alcohols having 12-20 carbon atoms in the chain.
iv. an additional structurant comprising 0.8-20% by weight of the total composition of alcohols selected from long-chain insoluble aliphatic alcohols having 22-26 carbon atoms in the chain.
Description
~2C5~L~7l~
1 J 7018 (R) ANTIPERSPIRANT COMPOSI1'ION
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to antiperspirant compositions suitable for topical application to human skin, particularly solid compositions suitable for use as a cosmetic stick together with a stick holder.
BACKGROUND TO THE INVENTION
The deodorant and antiperspirant market is dominated with products based on aluminium or zirconium salts which are intended to prevent, or at least control, perspiration at the skin surface, particularly on the underar~, whilst often simultaneously providing a perceived degree of deodorancy.
Various physical forms of anti-perspirant compositions are known, for example aerosol, lotion, or solid form.
When the antiperspirant is provided as a solid composition for use in "stick" form, it is known to incorporate the active components which may be present in the composition, such as for example the aluminium or zirconium salt and the other components of the composition, in a cosmetically acceptable vehicle comprising largely silicone oils (whether volatile or non-volatile), and a matrix of long chain fatky acids which act as a structurant.
For example, in US patent 4,126,679 (Armour-Dial), there is described the possibility of making solid stick antiperspirant compositions comprising powdered astringent metallic salts, suspended in a matrix comprising volatile silicone oils, and 15 to 70%
alcohols selected from long-chain water insoluble 2(~5~78 2 J 701~ (R) aliphatic alcohols having 16-22 carbon atoms in the chain.
However, the patent does not describe the possibility of using long chain fatty alcohols of more than one chain length for the structurant. Additionally, the examples all describe formulations which contain as the structurant either stearyl (C18) alcohol or cetyl (C16) alcohol.
Further, EP-B-117,070 (Procter & Gamble) describes a solid stick antiperspirant composition, which comprises 5 to 20% of a long chain fatty alcohol having ~ to 18 carbon atoms in its chain, 35 to 55% of a volatile polydimethyl silicone, 10 to 70% of an astringent antiper~spirant salt, and 1 to 3% by weight of the total long chain fatty alcohol level of the composition of an additional long chain fatty alcohol selected from C20-C26 fatty alcohols, or mixtures thereof.
However it is clear from the examples of this patent, in particular the comparative penetration test of Exa~ple 1 against Example 2, that the addition of relatively small amounts (i.e. as little as an extra 0.086% by weight of the total composition~ of what is substantially a C20 long chain fatty alcohol will cause a substantial increase in hardness of the stick. It is presumably for these reasons that this reference teaches the addition of a relatively low amount of long chain alcohols to the cosmetic stick composition (i.e. a maximum of 3% by weight of the total long chain fatty alcohol amount in the composition, or not more than 0.6% by weight of the total composition).
A further problem with existing solid stick formulations in general is their lack of high temperature stability.
Current sticks generally exhibit good stability characteristics at temperatures up to about 40C, but at ;~s~
1 J 7018 (R) ANTIPERSPIRANT COMPOSI1'ION
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to antiperspirant compositions suitable for topical application to human skin, particularly solid compositions suitable for use as a cosmetic stick together with a stick holder.
BACKGROUND TO THE INVENTION
The deodorant and antiperspirant market is dominated with products based on aluminium or zirconium salts which are intended to prevent, or at least control, perspiration at the skin surface, particularly on the underar~, whilst often simultaneously providing a perceived degree of deodorancy.
Various physical forms of anti-perspirant compositions are known, for example aerosol, lotion, or solid form.
When the antiperspirant is provided as a solid composition for use in "stick" form, it is known to incorporate the active components which may be present in the composition, such as for example the aluminium or zirconium salt and the other components of the composition, in a cosmetically acceptable vehicle comprising largely silicone oils (whether volatile or non-volatile), and a matrix of long chain fatky acids which act as a structurant.
For example, in US patent 4,126,679 (Armour-Dial), there is described the possibility of making solid stick antiperspirant compositions comprising powdered astringent metallic salts, suspended in a matrix comprising volatile silicone oils, and 15 to 70%
alcohols selected from long-chain water insoluble 2(~5~78 2 J 701~ (R) aliphatic alcohols having 16-22 carbon atoms in the chain.
However, the patent does not describe the possibility of using long chain fatty alcohols of more than one chain length for the structurant. Additionally, the examples all describe formulations which contain as the structurant either stearyl (C18) alcohol or cetyl (C16) alcohol.
Further, EP-B-117,070 (Procter & Gamble) describes a solid stick antiperspirant composition, which comprises 5 to 20% of a long chain fatty alcohol having ~ to 18 carbon atoms in its chain, 35 to 55% of a volatile polydimethyl silicone, 10 to 70% of an astringent antiper~spirant salt, and 1 to 3% by weight of the total long chain fatty alcohol level of the composition of an additional long chain fatty alcohol selected from C20-C26 fatty alcohols, or mixtures thereof.
However it is clear from the examples of this patent, in particular the comparative penetration test of Exa~ple 1 against Example 2, that the addition of relatively small amounts (i.e. as little as an extra 0.086% by weight of the total composition~ of what is substantially a C20 long chain fatty alcohol will cause a substantial increase in hardness of the stick. It is presumably for these reasons that this reference teaches the addition of a relatively low amount of long chain alcohols to the cosmetic stick composition (i.e. a maximum of 3% by weight of the total long chain fatty alcohol amount in the composition, or not more than 0.6% by weight of the total composition).
A further problem with existing solid stick formulations in general is their lack of high temperature stability.
Current sticks generally exhibit good stability characteristics at temperatures up to about 40C, but at ;~s~
3 J 7018 (R) higher temperatures there is a tendency for the structure of the stick to break down, often leading to the seepage of silicone oils out of the matrix, and the loss of beneficial properties. It is already known that, generally speaking, silicone oils and long chain fatty alcohols in solid form are not compatable, there being a tendency for the long chain alcohol to "press" the silicone oils out of the matrix. This seepage of the liquid phase from the stick matrix is exaggerated at elevated temperature.
We have surprisingly found that by the use of specific long chain alcohols it i6 possible to produce an antiperspirant stick composition outside of the teachings of the prior art which has improved temperà~ture stability, for example at elevated temperatures such as 50C (a desirable storage characteristic for antiperspirant compositions designed for sale in some of the hotter regions of the world), and which nevertheless maintains the attractive cosmetic characteristics expected of such sticks One parameter that has to be very closely controlled with stick formulations is the hardness of the stick.
This is important not only because it determines the storage properties of the stick, in particular the resistance of the stick to degradation caused by temperature extremes, but also because it determines the deposition of antiperspirant composition that occurs ; 30 when the stick is used for a given application stroXe.
As can be seen generally from the above prior art, a favoured structurant for such stick formulations has comprised largely a long chain fatty alcohol having around 14-18 carbon atoms in the chain. It is generally observed when such materials are used as structurants that as the chain length of the long chain fatty alcohol 4 J 7018 ~ ~)5~ 7 increases, then (for a given amount of long chain fatty alcohol in the formulation, and at a given temperature) so the hardness of the stick increases.
This observation has generally proved to be a disincentive for the manufacturers o~ such products to include in an antiperspirant composition any substantial amount (say greater than about 0.6~ by weight of the total composition) o~ a very long chain ~atty alcohol (with a carbon chain length of 21 atoms or greater) as a structurant, since it was previously supposed that such a stick would be undesirably hard in use.
Viewed against the above mentioned background of prior art, it has surprisingly been found that cosmetic sticks with a`~esirable hardness and pay off can be made using higher amounts of long chain fatty acids than the prior art suggest would be desirable.
Compositions according to the invention not only have surprisingly useful hardness properties at ambient temperatures, but they also enable the antiperspirant composition to be formulated easily with the desirable high temperature storage characteristics. It has also been discovered that stick formulations according to the invention tend to show a reduced tendency towards "flaking" compared to other antiperspirant formulations in which the structurant comprises, for example, only stearyl alcohol.
DEFINITION OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, the invention provides a solid stick antiperspirant composition suitable for topical application to human skin, which comprises:
~s~
J 7018 (R) i. an effective amount o~ an antiperspirant astringent;
ii. a volatile silicone;
iiio a structurant comprising 0 t:o 40% by weight of the total composition of alcohols, selected from long-chain water insoluble aliphzltic alcohols having 12-20 carbon atoms in the chain, and iv. an additional structurant comprising 0.8 to 20% by weight of the total composition of alcohols selected from long chain water insoluble aliphatic alcohols having 22-26 carbon atoms in the chain.
DISCLO~;URE OE;' THE INVENTION
The antiperspirant astrinqent The composition according to the invention comprise~ an antiperspirant astringent. Examples o~ suitable astringents include aluminium salts, zirconium salts, aluminium and/or zirconium complexes, for example ~ aluminium halides, aluminium hydroxy halides, zirconyl -~ oxyhalides, zirconyl hydroxyhalides, and mixtures thereof. Useful zirconium salts include zirconium hydroxy-chloride and zirconium oxychloride. Other generally used astringents will be known to those skilled in the art. Preferred astringents include AAZG
(Activated Aluminium Zirconium Glycine), ZAG (Zirconium Aluminium Glycine), and ~ACH (~ctivated Aluminium Chlorohydrate).
The amount of antiperspirant astringent present in the composition according to the invention is from 0.5 to 50%, preferably 1 to 30%, more preferably 5 to 25% by weight of the total composition.
~;!S~8 6 J 7018 (R) The structurant .
The composition accordiny to the invention also comprises one or more long chain fatty alcohols as structurants. Prefexably, the structurant comprises a mixture of:
- 0 to 40% by weight of the total composition of long chain water insoluble aliphatic alcohols having 12-20 carbon atoms in the chain, more preferabl~y having 16-18 carbon atoms in the chain, and - 0.8 to 20% by weight o~ the total composition of a long chain water insoluble aliphatic alcohols having 22-26 carbon atoms in the chain, more preferably having 22 carbon atoms in the chain.
The amo~nt of long chain fatty alcohol in the composition comprises preferably at least 5%, more preferably at least 10~ by weight.
The Volatile Silicone The composition according to the invention also comprises a linear or cyclic volatile silicone.
Useful silicones include cyclic or linear polydimethyl silicones containing from 3 to 9, prefera~ly 4 to 6, silicon atoms.
Examples of suitable volatile silicones include ; polydimethyl cyclosiloxanes, having a viscosity of less than 10mm2s~1, examples of which are DOW CORNING Fluids 344 and 244 ~tetramer) DOW CORNING Fluids 245 and 345 (pentamer), and Union Carbide fluids Silicone 7207 and Silicone 7158. Other suitable silicones include Stauffer Chemical SWS-03314, and hexamethyldisiloxane having a viscosity of not more than 0.65mm2s~l, for example DOW
CORNING 200 Fluid, which has a viscosity of 0.65mm2s~l as determined in accordance with the method provided in 7 J 7018 (R) the data sheets provided by the manufacturer on these compounds.
The preferred volatile silicones are the cyclic forms.
The amount of volatile silicone present in the composition according to the invention is from 1 to 85%, preferably from 5 to 70% by weight of the total composition.
Other Inqredients The composition according to the invention can optionally comprise other ingredients, in addition to those already identified, depending on the nature and form of~the finished product.
Examples of other ingredients which can optionally be present in the composition according to the invention include:
; Emollients, such as non-volatile silicones. Such non-volatile silicones include polydimethylsiloxane having a viscosity in excess of 5mm2s~1, for example, from 50 to 1000mm2s~l, such as DOW CORNING 200 Fluids (standard viscosities 50-1000mm2s~1). Other useful emollients include ~EG 400 distearate, and ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide condensation products having the following formula:
3 0 RO ( C2H40 ) a ( C3H6) bH
where R is either hydrogen or a hydrocarbon chain having from about 2 to 20 carbon atoms, and a and k are each from about 0 to 35 and a + b is from about 5 to 35. One 35 example of such an emollient is Fluid AP, a condensate of about 14 moles of propylene acid with about 1 mole of butyl alcohol sold by Union Carbide.
2~L47~
8 J 7018 (R) Still further emollients suitable for use in the present solid stick compositions include fatty acid and fatty alcohol esters and water insoluble ethers such as those disclosed in US Patent ~,202,879 to Shelton, incorporated herein by reference, and mixtures thereof;
thickeners, such as clays, for example Bentone 38;
silica, for example Aerosil 200;
skin feel improvers, such as talc and finely divided polyethylene, an example of which is ACUMIST B18;
cosmetically acceptable vehicles, such as anhydrous ethanol and other emollients;
perfumès;
preservatives; and other cosmetic adjuncts conventionally employed in stick deodorant products.
A preferred optional component includes a wax such as, castor wax, Synchrowax HRC, Carnaubau, beeswax, silicone waxes and glycerol monostearate and mixtures thereof at levels of from about 1 to 10% preferably 2 to 8%. If present, the wax is believed to enhance structural stability of the composition in the molten state.
The ingredients which can optionally be present in the composition can conveniently form the balance of the composition.
~'5'~8 9 J 7018 (R) Product Form The composition according to the invention can take the form of a solid product suited to or adapted for topical application to human skin. One convenient fo~m of the composition according to the invention is a solid stick, usually contained in a suitable holder or dispenser to enable it to be applied to the area of the skin, particularly the underarm, where control of perspiration and deodorancy is r~quired.
Use of the composition The invention also provides for the use of a solid stick antiperspirant composition, in accordance with the inventlo~n, as herein ~efined, in perspiration control, following topical application to human skin.
A preferred embodiment of the invention provides for the use of a solid stick antiperspirant composition comprising;
, ~
i. 15-25% by weight of the total composition of an antiperspirant astringent;
ii. 50-60% by weight of the total composition of a linear or cyclic volatile silicone;
iii. 12-15% by weight of the total composition of long chain water insoluble aliphatic alcohols having 16-18 carbon atoms in the chain.
iv. 0.8-1.5% by weight of the total composition of long chain water insoluble alphalic alcohols having 22-24 carbon atoms in the chain.
J 7018 (R) Examples The invention is further illustrated by the follow.ing examples.
Example 1 This illustrates an antiperspirant stick product according to the invention. The stick had the following formulation:
% w/w Volatile silicone -Cyclomethicone Dow Corning DC 2~5 52.8 Stearyl Alcohol 13.0 Behenyl Alcohol 1.0 AAZG 2~.0 - Castor`~ax MP-70 4.0 ; Other ingredients tolOO.O
,~
The stick was prepared according to conventional known techniques.
For example, the volatile silicone, stearyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol and castor wax are melted together in a vessel at a temperature of 65-80C with stirringO Other 2~ ingredients (e.g. talc, emollient and preservatives) are added slowly with mixing, and subsequently the AAZG is added slowly with stirring, the temperature of the vessel whilst the AAZG is added being kept at around 65C . Finally, perfume is added to the composition with stirring. The molten composition may then be cast into sticks of the desired shape and cooled.
A stick according to the above composition had satisfactory properties both on use, and when subjected to storage at 50C.
~`5~
11 J 701a (R) Example 2 This illustrates an antiperspirant stiek product according to the invention. The stiek had the following formulation:
;~ ~6 wlw Volatile silieone -Cyelomethieone Dow Corning DC 245 54.0 Stearyl Alcohol 10.0 Behenyl Alcohol 5.0 AAZG 22.4 Castor Wax MP-70 ~.0 Other ingredients to100.0 i The sti~k was prepared according to the same method employed in example 1.
A stick aecording to the above composition had satisfactory prope.rties both on use, and when subjected to storage at 50C.
Example 3 A series of antiperspirant stiek produets was made up aecording to the following formulations, with examples 3-5 being in accordanee with the invention:
12 J 7018 ~'~78 IngredientEx.3Ex.4 Ex.5Ex.6~x.7 ~w/w%w/w %w/w%w/w~w/w Volatile silicone Cyclomethicane52.8 52.8 52.8 52.8 52.8 Dow Corning DC 245 Stearyl Alcohol12.012.5 13.0 13.5 14.0 B~henyl Alcohol2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 AAZG 24.024.0 24.024.024.0 Castor Wax MP-704.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 Other ingredient~ to 100.0 to 100.0 to 100.0 to 100.0 to 100.0 Five replicate sticks of each of the examples were made up by conventional techniques, for example as described in relation to examples 1 and 2~ and suhjected to comparative tests to measure their penetration and deposition (pay of~).
~, Experiment 1.
In the following comparative test, the hardness of the stick formulation according to the invention was tested and compared with the control formulation.
Under the test conditions, all of the test sticks were equilibrated under ambient conditions (i.e 20C, normal humidity). Identical pieces of cardboard were weighed, and then the area of the card is completely covered by the compositions with strokes of the stick to simulate application to human skin, ensuring the area of the card is only covered once. The card is then reweighed, and from this the deposition of each formulation as to the card can be calculated.
Experiment 2.
In a comparative test, fGrmulations according to examples 1-6 were subjected to standard penetration tests to determine their hardness using a Precision Penetrometer (ex Precision Scientific, Chicago, US).
~5~47~
13 J 7018 (R) Accordingly, the distance a standard weighted cone penetrates the surface of a sample over a speci~ied time is used as an indication of the hardness of stick products. A stick sample is taken, and positioned in the penetrometer. The penetrometer is levelled, and the penetrometer cone (weight 62.3 g) is adjusted until it just touches the centre of the side surfac~ of the sample.
The release mechanism of the penetrometer is helcl, the release level depressed, and held in this position for 5 second, then released. Slowly the rod is depressed which moves the indicator needle to the recorded position, and the result recorded to the nearest 0.1 mm.
Result Formulà$ion Penetration (mm) Deposition, q/unit area Example 3 50.22 + 4.15 0.134 + 0.037 Example 4 54.63 + 5.28 0.160 + 0.012 Example 5 50.60 + 1.89 0.092 + 0.019 Example 6 45.77 ~ 4.87 0.114 + 0.017 Example 7 44.00 + 2.88 0.062 + 0.008 The experimental results suggest, rather surprisingly, that as the level of behenyl alcohol in the stick formulation increases, so the hardness of the stick decreases, and therefore the deposition of the stick in comparative circumstances increases.
We have surprisingly found that by the use of specific long chain alcohols it i6 possible to produce an antiperspirant stick composition outside of the teachings of the prior art which has improved temperà~ture stability, for example at elevated temperatures such as 50C (a desirable storage characteristic for antiperspirant compositions designed for sale in some of the hotter regions of the world), and which nevertheless maintains the attractive cosmetic characteristics expected of such sticks One parameter that has to be very closely controlled with stick formulations is the hardness of the stick.
This is important not only because it determines the storage properties of the stick, in particular the resistance of the stick to degradation caused by temperature extremes, but also because it determines the deposition of antiperspirant composition that occurs ; 30 when the stick is used for a given application stroXe.
As can be seen generally from the above prior art, a favoured structurant for such stick formulations has comprised largely a long chain fatty alcohol having around 14-18 carbon atoms in the chain. It is generally observed when such materials are used as structurants that as the chain length of the long chain fatty alcohol 4 J 7018 ~ ~)5~ 7 increases, then (for a given amount of long chain fatty alcohol in the formulation, and at a given temperature) so the hardness of the stick increases.
This observation has generally proved to be a disincentive for the manufacturers o~ such products to include in an antiperspirant composition any substantial amount (say greater than about 0.6~ by weight of the total composition) o~ a very long chain ~atty alcohol (with a carbon chain length of 21 atoms or greater) as a structurant, since it was previously supposed that such a stick would be undesirably hard in use.
Viewed against the above mentioned background of prior art, it has surprisingly been found that cosmetic sticks with a`~esirable hardness and pay off can be made using higher amounts of long chain fatty acids than the prior art suggest would be desirable.
Compositions according to the invention not only have surprisingly useful hardness properties at ambient temperatures, but they also enable the antiperspirant composition to be formulated easily with the desirable high temperature storage characteristics. It has also been discovered that stick formulations according to the invention tend to show a reduced tendency towards "flaking" compared to other antiperspirant formulations in which the structurant comprises, for example, only stearyl alcohol.
DEFINITION OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, the invention provides a solid stick antiperspirant composition suitable for topical application to human skin, which comprises:
~s~
J 7018 (R) i. an effective amount o~ an antiperspirant astringent;
ii. a volatile silicone;
iiio a structurant comprising 0 t:o 40% by weight of the total composition of alcohols, selected from long-chain water insoluble aliphzltic alcohols having 12-20 carbon atoms in the chain, and iv. an additional structurant comprising 0.8 to 20% by weight of the total composition of alcohols selected from long chain water insoluble aliphatic alcohols having 22-26 carbon atoms in the chain.
DISCLO~;URE OE;' THE INVENTION
The antiperspirant astrinqent The composition according to the invention comprise~ an antiperspirant astringent. Examples o~ suitable astringents include aluminium salts, zirconium salts, aluminium and/or zirconium complexes, for example ~ aluminium halides, aluminium hydroxy halides, zirconyl -~ oxyhalides, zirconyl hydroxyhalides, and mixtures thereof. Useful zirconium salts include zirconium hydroxy-chloride and zirconium oxychloride. Other generally used astringents will be known to those skilled in the art. Preferred astringents include AAZG
(Activated Aluminium Zirconium Glycine), ZAG (Zirconium Aluminium Glycine), and ~ACH (~ctivated Aluminium Chlorohydrate).
The amount of antiperspirant astringent present in the composition according to the invention is from 0.5 to 50%, preferably 1 to 30%, more preferably 5 to 25% by weight of the total composition.
~;!S~8 6 J 7018 (R) The structurant .
The composition accordiny to the invention also comprises one or more long chain fatty alcohols as structurants. Prefexably, the structurant comprises a mixture of:
- 0 to 40% by weight of the total composition of long chain water insoluble aliphatic alcohols having 12-20 carbon atoms in the chain, more preferabl~y having 16-18 carbon atoms in the chain, and - 0.8 to 20% by weight o~ the total composition of a long chain water insoluble aliphatic alcohols having 22-26 carbon atoms in the chain, more preferably having 22 carbon atoms in the chain.
The amo~nt of long chain fatty alcohol in the composition comprises preferably at least 5%, more preferably at least 10~ by weight.
The Volatile Silicone The composition according to the invention also comprises a linear or cyclic volatile silicone.
Useful silicones include cyclic or linear polydimethyl silicones containing from 3 to 9, prefera~ly 4 to 6, silicon atoms.
Examples of suitable volatile silicones include ; polydimethyl cyclosiloxanes, having a viscosity of less than 10mm2s~1, examples of which are DOW CORNING Fluids 344 and 244 ~tetramer) DOW CORNING Fluids 245 and 345 (pentamer), and Union Carbide fluids Silicone 7207 and Silicone 7158. Other suitable silicones include Stauffer Chemical SWS-03314, and hexamethyldisiloxane having a viscosity of not more than 0.65mm2s~l, for example DOW
CORNING 200 Fluid, which has a viscosity of 0.65mm2s~l as determined in accordance with the method provided in 7 J 7018 (R) the data sheets provided by the manufacturer on these compounds.
The preferred volatile silicones are the cyclic forms.
The amount of volatile silicone present in the composition according to the invention is from 1 to 85%, preferably from 5 to 70% by weight of the total composition.
Other Inqredients The composition according to the invention can optionally comprise other ingredients, in addition to those already identified, depending on the nature and form of~the finished product.
Examples of other ingredients which can optionally be present in the composition according to the invention include:
; Emollients, such as non-volatile silicones. Such non-volatile silicones include polydimethylsiloxane having a viscosity in excess of 5mm2s~1, for example, from 50 to 1000mm2s~l, such as DOW CORNING 200 Fluids (standard viscosities 50-1000mm2s~1). Other useful emollients include ~EG 400 distearate, and ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide condensation products having the following formula:
3 0 RO ( C2H40 ) a ( C3H6) bH
where R is either hydrogen or a hydrocarbon chain having from about 2 to 20 carbon atoms, and a and k are each from about 0 to 35 and a + b is from about 5 to 35. One 35 example of such an emollient is Fluid AP, a condensate of about 14 moles of propylene acid with about 1 mole of butyl alcohol sold by Union Carbide.
2~L47~
8 J 7018 (R) Still further emollients suitable for use in the present solid stick compositions include fatty acid and fatty alcohol esters and water insoluble ethers such as those disclosed in US Patent ~,202,879 to Shelton, incorporated herein by reference, and mixtures thereof;
thickeners, such as clays, for example Bentone 38;
silica, for example Aerosil 200;
skin feel improvers, such as talc and finely divided polyethylene, an example of which is ACUMIST B18;
cosmetically acceptable vehicles, such as anhydrous ethanol and other emollients;
perfumès;
preservatives; and other cosmetic adjuncts conventionally employed in stick deodorant products.
A preferred optional component includes a wax such as, castor wax, Synchrowax HRC, Carnaubau, beeswax, silicone waxes and glycerol monostearate and mixtures thereof at levels of from about 1 to 10% preferably 2 to 8%. If present, the wax is believed to enhance structural stability of the composition in the molten state.
The ingredients which can optionally be present in the composition can conveniently form the balance of the composition.
~'5'~8 9 J 7018 (R) Product Form The composition according to the invention can take the form of a solid product suited to or adapted for topical application to human skin. One convenient fo~m of the composition according to the invention is a solid stick, usually contained in a suitable holder or dispenser to enable it to be applied to the area of the skin, particularly the underarm, where control of perspiration and deodorancy is r~quired.
Use of the composition The invention also provides for the use of a solid stick antiperspirant composition, in accordance with the inventlo~n, as herein ~efined, in perspiration control, following topical application to human skin.
A preferred embodiment of the invention provides for the use of a solid stick antiperspirant composition comprising;
, ~
i. 15-25% by weight of the total composition of an antiperspirant astringent;
ii. 50-60% by weight of the total composition of a linear or cyclic volatile silicone;
iii. 12-15% by weight of the total composition of long chain water insoluble aliphatic alcohols having 16-18 carbon atoms in the chain.
iv. 0.8-1.5% by weight of the total composition of long chain water insoluble alphalic alcohols having 22-24 carbon atoms in the chain.
J 7018 (R) Examples The invention is further illustrated by the follow.ing examples.
Example 1 This illustrates an antiperspirant stick product according to the invention. The stick had the following formulation:
% w/w Volatile silicone -Cyclomethicone Dow Corning DC 2~5 52.8 Stearyl Alcohol 13.0 Behenyl Alcohol 1.0 AAZG 2~.0 - Castor`~ax MP-70 4.0 ; Other ingredients tolOO.O
,~
The stick was prepared according to conventional known techniques.
For example, the volatile silicone, stearyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol and castor wax are melted together in a vessel at a temperature of 65-80C with stirringO Other 2~ ingredients (e.g. talc, emollient and preservatives) are added slowly with mixing, and subsequently the AAZG is added slowly with stirring, the temperature of the vessel whilst the AAZG is added being kept at around 65C . Finally, perfume is added to the composition with stirring. The molten composition may then be cast into sticks of the desired shape and cooled.
A stick according to the above composition had satisfactory properties both on use, and when subjected to storage at 50C.
~`5~
11 J 701a (R) Example 2 This illustrates an antiperspirant stiek product according to the invention. The stiek had the following formulation:
;~ ~6 wlw Volatile silieone -Cyelomethieone Dow Corning DC 245 54.0 Stearyl Alcohol 10.0 Behenyl Alcohol 5.0 AAZG 22.4 Castor Wax MP-70 ~.0 Other ingredients to100.0 i The sti~k was prepared according to the same method employed in example 1.
A stick aecording to the above composition had satisfactory prope.rties both on use, and when subjected to storage at 50C.
Example 3 A series of antiperspirant stiek produets was made up aecording to the following formulations, with examples 3-5 being in accordanee with the invention:
12 J 7018 ~'~78 IngredientEx.3Ex.4 Ex.5Ex.6~x.7 ~w/w%w/w %w/w%w/w~w/w Volatile silicone Cyclomethicane52.8 52.8 52.8 52.8 52.8 Dow Corning DC 245 Stearyl Alcohol12.012.5 13.0 13.5 14.0 B~henyl Alcohol2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 AAZG 24.024.0 24.024.024.0 Castor Wax MP-704.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 Other ingredient~ to 100.0 to 100.0 to 100.0 to 100.0 to 100.0 Five replicate sticks of each of the examples were made up by conventional techniques, for example as described in relation to examples 1 and 2~ and suhjected to comparative tests to measure their penetration and deposition (pay of~).
~, Experiment 1.
In the following comparative test, the hardness of the stick formulation according to the invention was tested and compared with the control formulation.
Under the test conditions, all of the test sticks were equilibrated under ambient conditions (i.e 20C, normal humidity). Identical pieces of cardboard were weighed, and then the area of the card is completely covered by the compositions with strokes of the stick to simulate application to human skin, ensuring the area of the card is only covered once. The card is then reweighed, and from this the deposition of each formulation as to the card can be calculated.
Experiment 2.
In a comparative test, fGrmulations according to examples 1-6 were subjected to standard penetration tests to determine their hardness using a Precision Penetrometer (ex Precision Scientific, Chicago, US).
~5~47~
13 J 7018 (R) Accordingly, the distance a standard weighted cone penetrates the surface of a sample over a speci~ied time is used as an indication of the hardness of stick products. A stick sample is taken, and positioned in the penetrometer. The penetrometer is levelled, and the penetrometer cone (weight 62.3 g) is adjusted until it just touches the centre of the side surfac~ of the sample.
The release mechanism of the penetrometer is helcl, the release level depressed, and held in this position for 5 second, then released. Slowly the rod is depressed which moves the indicator needle to the recorded position, and the result recorded to the nearest 0.1 mm.
Result Formulà$ion Penetration (mm) Deposition, q/unit area Example 3 50.22 + 4.15 0.134 + 0.037 Example 4 54.63 + 5.28 0.160 + 0.012 Example 5 50.60 + 1.89 0.092 + 0.019 Example 6 45.77 ~ 4.87 0.114 + 0.017 Example 7 44.00 + 2.88 0.062 + 0.008 The experimental results suggest, rather surprisingly, that as the level of behenyl alcohol in the stick formulation increases, so the hardness of the stick decreases, and therefore the deposition of the stick in comparative circumstances increases.
Claims (5)
1. An antiperspirant stick composition suitable for topical application to human skin, comprising:
i. an effective amount of an antiperspirant astringent;
ii. a volatile silicone;
iii. a structurant comprising 0-40% by weight of the total composition of alcohols selected from long-chain water insoluble aliphatic alcohols having 12-20 carbon atoms in the chain.
iv. an additional structurant comprising 0.8-20%
by weight of the total composition of alcohols selected from long-chain insoluble aliphatic alcohols having 22-26 carbon atoms in the chain.
i. an effective amount of an antiperspirant astringent;
ii. a volatile silicone;
iii. a structurant comprising 0-40% by weight of the total composition of alcohols selected from long-chain water insoluble aliphatic alcohols having 12-20 carbon atoms in the chain.
iv. an additional structurant comprising 0.8-20%
by weight of the total composition of alcohols selected from long-chain insoluble aliphatic alcohols having 22-26 carbon atoms in the chain.
2. An antiperspirant stick composition according to claim 1 wherein the long chain insoluble aliphatic alcohol has 22 carbon atoms in the chain.
3. An antiperspirant stick composition according to claim 1 wherein the antiperspirant astringent comprises 5-25% by weight of the composition.
4. An antiperspirant stick composition suitable for topical application to the human skin, comprising:
i. 15-25% by weight of the total composition of an antiperspirant astringent;
J 7018 (R) ii. 50-60% by weight of the total composition of a linear or cyclic volatile silicone;
iii. 12-15% by weight of the total composition of long chain water insoluble aliphatic alcohols having 16-18 carbon atoms in the chain.
iv. 0.8-1.5% by weight of the total composition of long chain water insoluble aliphatic alcohols having 22-24 carbon atoms in the chain.
i. 15-25% by weight of the total composition of an antiperspirant astringent;
J 7018 (R) ii. 50-60% by weight of the total composition of a linear or cyclic volatile silicone;
iii. 12-15% by weight of the total composition of long chain water insoluble aliphatic alcohols having 16-18 carbon atoms in the chain.
iv. 0.8-1.5% by weight of the total composition of long chain water insoluble aliphatic alcohols having 22-24 carbon atoms in the chain.
5. The antiperspirant stick composition as claimed in claim 1 and substantially as described herein.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB909023738A GB9023738D0 (en) | 1990-11-01 | 1990-11-01 | Cosmetic composition |
| GB9023738.9 | 1990-11-01 | ||
| GB9027778.1 | 1990-12-21 | ||
| GB909027778A GB9027778D0 (en) | 1990-12-21 | 1990-12-21 | Cosmetic composition |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2054478A1 true CA2054478A1 (en) | 1992-05-02 |
Family
ID=26297876
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2054478 Abandoned CA2054478A1 (en) | 1990-11-01 | 1991-10-29 | Antiperspirant composition |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2054478A1 (en) |
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5744130A (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 1998-04-28 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Antiperspirant gel-solid stick compositions substantially free of select polar solvents |
| US5750096A (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 1998-05-12 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Low residue antiperspirant gel-solid stick compositions containing select gellants |
| US5776494A (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 1998-07-07 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Pharmaceuticals compositions containing gellants in the form of alkyl amides of di-and tri-carboxylic acids |
| US5840288A (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 1998-11-24 | Procter & Gamble Company | Antiperspirant gel-solid stick composition containing a modified silicone carrier |
| US5840286A (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 1998-11-24 | Procter & Gamble Company | Methods of making low residue antiperspirant gel-solid stick compositions |
| US5840287A (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 1998-11-24 | Procter & Gamble Company | Antiperspirant compositions containing gellants in the form of alkyl amides of di- and tri-carboxylic acids |
| US5846520A (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 1998-12-08 | Procter & Gamble Company | Antiperspirant gel-solid stick compositions containing select fatty acid gellants |
| US5849276A (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 1998-12-15 | Procter & Gamble | Antiperspirant gel-solid stick compositions containing select nucleating agents |
| US6171601B1 (en) | 1996-12-20 | 2001-01-09 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Low residue antiperspirant gel-solid stick compositions |
| US6190673B1 (en) | 1996-12-20 | 2001-02-20 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Gel compositions containing gellants in the form of alkyl amides of tri-carboxylic acids |
| WO2014082057A3 (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2014-08-14 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Packaged antiperspirant compositions |
| EP2361078B1 (en) * | 2008-12-22 | 2019-01-30 | Henkel AG & Co. KGaA | Transparent antiperspirant gels |
-
1991
- 1991-10-29 CA CA 2054478 patent/CA2054478A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5744130A (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 1998-04-28 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Antiperspirant gel-solid stick compositions substantially free of select polar solvents |
| US5750096A (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 1998-05-12 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Low residue antiperspirant gel-solid stick compositions containing select gellants |
| US5776494A (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 1998-07-07 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Pharmaceuticals compositions containing gellants in the form of alkyl amides of di-and tri-carboxylic acids |
| US5840288A (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 1998-11-24 | Procter & Gamble Company | Antiperspirant gel-solid stick composition containing a modified silicone carrier |
| US5840286A (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 1998-11-24 | Procter & Gamble Company | Methods of making low residue antiperspirant gel-solid stick compositions |
| US5840287A (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 1998-11-24 | Procter & Gamble Company | Antiperspirant compositions containing gellants in the form of alkyl amides of di- and tri-carboxylic acids |
| US5846520A (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 1998-12-08 | Procter & Gamble Company | Antiperspirant gel-solid stick compositions containing select fatty acid gellants |
| US5849276A (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 1998-12-15 | Procter & Gamble | Antiperspirant gel-solid stick compositions containing select nucleating agents |
| US6171601B1 (en) | 1996-12-20 | 2001-01-09 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Low residue antiperspirant gel-solid stick compositions |
| US6190673B1 (en) | 1996-12-20 | 2001-02-20 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Gel compositions containing gellants in the form of alkyl amides of tri-carboxylic acids |
| EP2361078B1 (en) * | 2008-12-22 | 2019-01-30 | Henkel AG & Co. KGaA | Transparent antiperspirant gels |
| WO2014082057A3 (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2014-08-14 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Packaged antiperspirant compositions |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Dead |