CA2038301A1 - Non-slip rectilinear wiredrawing machine with synchronization between successive tangentially uncoiling capstans - Google Patents
Non-slip rectilinear wiredrawing machine with synchronization between successive tangentially uncoiling capstansInfo
- Publication number
- CA2038301A1 CA2038301A1 CA002038301A CA2038301A CA2038301A1 CA 2038301 A1 CA2038301 A1 CA 2038301A1 CA 002038301 A CA002038301 A CA 002038301A CA 2038301 A CA2038301 A CA 2038301A CA 2038301 A1 CA2038301 A1 CA 2038301A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- capstan
- wire
- ring
- freely
- shaft
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C19/00—Devices for straightening wire or like work combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with drawing or winding machines or apparatus
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C1/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, metal wire, metal rods, metal tubes by drawing
- B21C1/02—Drawing metal wire or like flexible metallic material by drawing machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by drums
- B21C1/12—Regulating or controlling speed of drawing drums, e.g. to influence tension; Drives; Stop or relief mechanisms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C1/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, metal wire, metal rods, metal tubes by drawing
- B21C1/02—Drawing metal wire or like flexible metallic material by drawing machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by drums
- B21C1/04—Drawing metal wire or like flexible metallic material by drawing machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by drums with two or more dies operating in series
- B21C1/08—Drawing metal wire or like flexible metallic material by drawing machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by drums with two or more dies operating in series in which the material does not slip on the drums
Landscapes
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)
- Unwinding Of Filamentary Materials (AREA)
- Electrophotography Configuration And Component (AREA)
- Insulated Conductors (AREA)
- Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
- Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
- Tension Adjustment In Filamentary Materials (AREA)
- Storing, Repeated Paying-Out, And Re-Storing Of Elongated Articles (AREA)
- Winding Filamentary Materials (AREA)
- Jib Cranes (AREA)
- Control And Safety Of Cranes (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Manufacture, Treatment Of Glass Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
Abstract In a non-slip rectilinear wiredrawing machine with tangentially uncoiling capstans (1), each capstan is composed of two concentric and coaxial parts, the first (2) of which driven by a motor (10) and comprising the typical capstan pulling face (2a), the second part (3) a freely-revolving ring (33) affording a run-out (3a) from which the wire (9) is drawn through a die (32) by and onto a successive capstan, the speed of the individual capstans is synchronized by a device (50) capable of monitoring both the angular movement (5c) of the shaft (5) driving the first part (2) of the capstan and the angular movement (5a) of the ring (33), detecting any difference between the two, and correcting the angular velocity (Nc) of the shaft (5) accordingly.
Description
20383~
~ n~n-~ilip rectilinear wiredrawing machine with sync'~roni~ati~ betw~en successive tangentially u~coili~g capstans The p~~e~ient invention 1-elates tc. a non-slip type rectilil~ear wiredl~awlrg machil~e with tangentially ~.lncc.ili.ng capstan--. ir-ccrpcrating a ~.ynchrc.nizatic.n devlce between e~ch two .~lcces.sive capstarls.
Ci5 Cc.nventic.n~l].y~ in ~ m-~ltiple drawi11g machine fc.r the manl.lfactu~-e c.f met~l wire~ wl~ere cah drawing step redcl~ei the diameter ~.f the wire by a yiven pe1-centage cf its r~nded sectic-n~ the fundamental diffi.culty encc,urlterecl i.s that clf ~.ynchrc,ni2i~9 the rc.tatic.~al speeds ct- the capstans, which in essel-lce f-lncticln a.s ccl].lect--and--feed static.ns i.nter-calated with the s~.lcces~.ive dr~wirlg dies cl- platc-s ill sucl~
a way as tc ellsure c~ ~-teady flclw clf material. -rh~s~
expres-iing the velc.city and sectic.n cf the wire per lS drc~wing 5tep (n~ c~s Vr7 ~nd Sn~ it mLIst be ensured thcat Sn :~ Vn = k.
The pr-c.d-~ct c.F secticln m~ltiplieci by speed, i.e.
the v~.lume c.f the flow clf material, must in effert r-emain cc.nstant -Frcm c.ne step tc. the ne:t. Give~
21:~ therefclre that the -.ecti~ln ~.f the wire i-. dependei-lt
~ n~n-~ilip rectilinear wiredrawing machine with sync'~roni~ati~ betw~en successive tangentially u~coili~g capstans The p~~e~ient invention 1-elates tc. a non-slip type rectilil~ear wiredl~awlrg machil~e with tangentially ~.lncc.ili.ng capstan--. ir-ccrpcrating a ~.ynchrc.nizatic.n devlce between e~ch two .~lcces.sive capstarls.
Ci5 Cc.nventic.n~l].y~ in ~ m-~ltiple drawi11g machine fc.r the manl.lfactu~-e c.f met~l wire~ wl~ere cah drawing step redcl~ei the diameter ~.f the wire by a yiven pe1-centage cf its r~nded sectic-n~ the fundamental diffi.culty encc,urlterecl i.s that clf ~.ynchrc,ni2i~9 the rc.tatic.~al speeds ct- the capstans, which in essel-lce f-lncticln a.s ccl].lect--and--feed static.ns i.nter-calated with the s~.lcces~.ive dr~wirlg dies cl- platc-s ill sucl~
a way as tc ellsure c~ ~-teady flclw clf material. -rh~s~
expres-iing the velc.city and sectic.n cf the wire per lS drc~wing 5tep (n~ c~s Vr7 ~nd Sn~ it mLIst be ensured thcat Sn :~ Vn = k.
The pr-c.d-~ct c.F secticln m~ltiplieci by speed, i.e.
the v~.lume c.f the flow clf material, must in effert r-emain cc.nstant -Frcm c.ne step tc. the ne:t. Give~
21:~ therefclre that the -.ecti~ln ~.f the wire i-. dependei-lt
2~8~G I
cn the diameter clf the drawing die clr plate lccated b~t~een ~apsta~s~ and that thi~ ~ame diameter will be ~ubjert tc an unpredictable anL1 uncc.ntrcllatile degree ~f variaticn thrcLIgh wear durlng pr-~du~tion, C)- a ccrrecticn can be effected c,nly by varying the velc.city of the wire ~hirh, in the nc-n-slip type r.f drawing macl-iine ~i~e. where the capstari rarries a signifirarit r1LIn1ber cf single ccils clf wire, thereby disallcwing relative mcvement between capstan and mater-ial), is equivalent to the per-ipheral s~rface speed ct the ~apstans.
Ir1 multiple machir1es s~lch as the Mcrgan and similar types, the wil-e i5 wcl~.lnd 6pirally ontcl rylindl-iral rapstans ar1d Llncrliled ir1 a~n a~ial dir-ecticr1 frcm the capstan~ Synch\cni~aticl\i is achieved in such marhines! necessarily, by r.lperatincJ the rap tans intel-m.ittel1tly. ar1ri whlle the f:Lclw clf material is r-endered str-!ady ir1 this manl1er, the resLIlt is but mcdestly successf~.~L~ The main limitatit,ns ~If sl.lch ZC) machines stem frc~m the need fcr ir1tel-mitter1t type cperaticn cn the rlne hand, and cn the cther~ frcm the fart that the wire is subjerted tc Llndesirable stresses; in effect, the wire is twisted thrclugh a ful]. revcl-ltirn with earh coil paicd cut from the capstan, by re~scln c~f the a~ial .lnrc~iling articn.
~383~
~kl-ec~ver! the~e a~ially uncci:,ing machines req~lire a devi~e by means ~.-f whi~h -tc. transfer the runr,ing wire frc,m cne cap~tan tcl the ne:t (an 'uncciler'~
in eFfect) which cc.mprises pulleys pc~itic.ne~ c"ne 0~ alongside ~3nd anc~thel- elevated a:ially frcm the capstan, serving tc direct the wire toward and into the clrawing die pr~cedi-~y the r)e~:t ~apstan.
In a variaticn cn this type of machine~ designed to prevent twisti\ng cf the wire ~which is undesi)~~bLe lC1 in any event~ bLIt ahsclutely tCI be avclided wh~n drawing steel with a high carbcn cclntent), Ilse i~
made of twcl capstans pcsi.tioned one ab~ve the clther with a sinqle transfe)~ p~ Ley located in between that erlables. the wire tcl r~n clt'f the seccnd capstan tamgel7tic~:Lly instead cf a:ially. The drawbach: of intel-mittent: c,peratic,n r~mains in s~lch machines~
however~ in acidition to the ccnside)-able str~lct~o~al ccmp].i.cati.ons that arise with twc capstans tc each d)-awing ~tep.
With the advent of d.c~ capst~n clr-ive mc~tc~rs~ it has been pcssible tc~ ~Ipdate these machines tcl newer technclcgical standar-ds~ acL-crdingly~ the `'st~p~gc."
type of intermittent cperation can be imprclved tc "s1cw~fast"~ and by inccrpclrating further- ~pecial Z5 e~pedients and transdL.Icer~ continucus and entirely ~3~
intermittence-free cperatiun can alsc be achievecl.
5 the use cf va,-iable speed ccnverters has led tc the embcdiment c.f new rectilinear wiredr~wing ma~hines in which the wire p2~e~ directly from one 1)5 cap tan tc. t~e ne:~t. The 1~un)ber cf cc.il~ passing rc.~1nd each capstan remains fi.ecl! and absc.l~1tely nc.
twisting ccc~ s i)-~ passage cf the wire from step to step. The cap~tar themselve~ are fr~1~tcccni~a1~
e:hibiting a gentle tape1- that e)~ables ard f~vc~lrs lC~ an orderly and sL1bstantially r1cn-cver-l~pping coil alc.ng the windi nCJ sul-face betweer the p~.11ling face where the Wil-e ente-r-~ i.ntc full ccntact with the s1..1rface~ and the rL1n-c~.1t face at the very tc.p c.F
the cap~tar1. Qccc.rdir1gly~ the wire can be made tc ~.~ncc1i.l tangentially frcm s~.1ch a c-.. ~pstan~
Ir1 the r-ecti.:1.i.near machine~ there i~ nc slippage be1;ween the wire anci the capst~n face ! SC' that the velocity cf the wire coi)~cides with the s-~rface speed of the cap-~tan~ This autcmatically clictates 2C~ the r1eed tc gcve\n the tensicr1 of the wire betwee~
capstans; the neces5ary ~cntrcl is cbtained in most i~n~tarce~ by lccatirg a jc~c~:ey~ cr darcer~ between c1re capstan and the next~ and m~re e~r~actly! hetween the e:~it of ~ach capstan and the drawi1~g die or plate ne~t i~ ~eq~ence~ pc~itic~ned in ~uch a way as 2 0 3 ~
tc reaet tr any gecmetrical variaticn i1~ a lclclp cf wire cre~ted between the twc~ c~p~t~ns f~r the ~ery pul-pc,~e il~ questic,ll~ The danc:e~~ cc"77bine~ with a suit~ble transdLtcer ~ ~f which the re~ip~,nse varies ith cscil1a~icn induced ~y ch~nges in ten~icn c.f the wire? tc. create a ccntrc1 medium rf which the ccrresprnding val-i~ticn in CLItpLlt can be used tc ccrr~eCt the speed c~f the interlcck:ecl cap~tan.
In rectilinear machines ct- the type in questicn~
1~ the wire yenerally r-eeds tc be directed arc.und cne cr mcre p~.llleys befc.re entel-ing the dr~wing die ~ssclciated with the fclllowing c~p~t~n~ in r.rder tc crec~te a degree cf ~ c~: sufficient tcl acccmmcrl~te the e)~eLIrsicn ~f the dancer-; this resLIlts in a cert~in degree clf clr~g cn the lclclp c~f wire! clf which the ~crce wi].]. depend cn the mechc~nica1 10~7d ~pplied tr the clancer. ~Iclrecver~ these pulleys are gener~lly c~f diameter- muh ~m~ller th~n thc\t clf the capstan~ especially whe~ instal1ed in any l~um~er~
2~:) sc that the wire is sL~bjected tc ~ sLICCesSiCn clf a1ternate ber7dinc~ st~-e~e~; ~uch an effect i~ l~C~t ~nly ~ndesirable~ b~l~ especially damaging when ~he wire i~ ~till relatively thiCk: duril1g the inl~ia1 drawin~ steps~ cr when cperating with partic~llar.1y 2~ l~rge nr~min~1 prc~dl~\ctic~n cli~meters. Cc~n~ersely! if the dancel- mechanism is reduced tc. a simple senscr mc.nitoring a single lc.op c.f wire lccated between twcl capstans~ the re5ulting cintrcl becc~me~ 5cl highly sensi.tive as tc~ prc.duce a critical cperati.ng CJ5 charActe\-i~tic, and fle~ibility i5 lclst.
Thus~ nc~twithstarding the advantage clf affcrciing a cipeed cc.ntrcll facility~ even the rectilinear type clf wireclrawi.ng machine betrays nc.t inccnsiderable drawbac k:5 .
lC~ Capstan Sipeed can be gcverned by mc.nitc.ri~g tc.rque rather than cpeed~ hc~wever~ and thi~i is the methc~ci adc.ptecl ir1 a f~lrther type cf machine in which speed is cc~mpensated by drag. The ~dvantage clf these machine~3 cc~n--i.sts i.n the tfact that cne has a dir-ect tranfer clF the wire frc.m cne cap.tan tc. anc~th--r~
withcl~.lt dancerl3 cr other- siich devi.ces; irl pr-actical terms~ the wire passes directly trclm cne caF:)stan tc.
the clr-awinc1 die lc.cated between this anc! the next capstan. Synchrc.ni~.atic.n is achieYed a~.ltcmatically ZC) inasmuch a- the drive c.f the interlc.ci:ecl capstan will not deliver the total required drawi~ tc"-i~ue~
but a c~iven prcpc~rtic~n the)-eof in~ufficient in any event tc set ~he cap~t~n in rc~tat.ic~n. The rema-ining prc~pcrtic.n is pr-c~vided by the capstan ne~:t in line ~5 by way c.f the interccnneci~in~ wire, which generate~
2 ~ 3 ~
the drag necessal-y tcl cclmpens~te the shc,rtfall~ The effect is p_i sed c.n dcwn tc. the final capst~n in lir-e~ which, being speecl-ccntrc'le~ autcmatlcally deter-milles the speed cf all the preceding cap~tan .
05 Whilst there al-e nc prc.blems with tran~fer c.f the wire fr~m cne cap~tan to the ne~<t in ~uch m~chines~
the ccmpensating drAg cannct be metered accurately tc match the effecti.ve requirement~ and the risk: cf the wire brea~!:ing i~ thereFcl-e gre~tly incl-eased.
1~:) F~lrthermclr-e~ the m~tching c.f speeds between c~ne capstan and the r,e~t is mal-~:edly rigid, gi~en the absence c.f ~ny m~rgin of toler~nce~ or c~f any Flc.w compen~ating means by which tcl ta~:e up the min~.lte ~ari.aticns il~ velccity between cap6tans caused by 1~l an irregulal~ flclw cf material~
Finally~ cptimum tcrque-mëteri)lg cf the captitan clrive mctcr~ can incleed be obtainecl using special tr-~nsd~cer-~ ~str~in g~lge~) placed in cc.nta~t with the wire at a pc~int pric~r tc its enterlng each die~
2i:~ which ccnvert the detectable degree of dr-ag intc a ~iven OUtpLIt signal. This re~ult~ ln a particularly ccmplex and deli.cate system~ hclwever~ and dces nct ultimately eliminate the risk cf wire rupt~ure.
The object c.f the pre~ent inventic.n is tc -~er-ccme the dr~wback:s mer-tic.ned ~bove.
2~383~11 ~r3 The sta-ted cbject i5 re~li~ed in a recti.line~r wiredrawing machine as characteri~ed in the claims appended, in h~hich the wire passes cdirect frcm cne capst~n tc. the next enccLInter-ing ncthing c.ther than C)5 ~ dr~wi~g die ~.r plate thereby elimin~tin~ ~ny undesirable stress c.n the wire! ~nd in additicn~
elimin~tiny any ri ~; cf the wire break:ing as occurs typic~lly in a dr-~g ccmpensated machine.
Th~ls! fclr the first time! the prcblem clf efficient syn~hroni~atic~n i5 pr~lperly ~ddre~sed and re~c.lved ~y cc.ntrclling speed! thr.~ gh witho~.~t ecerting any stress cn the wire; rather, the cciling acticn is effected in qec.metrically ccntrc.lled cclnditicln~
wi.th a margin of tc,ler-ance sufficient to safeyuard the i~teqrity c~f the wi.re at .~ny given mc.ment c.f the synchr-c~ tic~n pr c,ce~s~
Amcng the alivantacJes clf the present inventic.n is that it cclm~ines the pclsitive features clf a dancer-5peed contl-clllel:l rectilineal- machi~-~e and thc,se c~f 2) tcrque cclntrcllle~ dray cc.mpensated type.
,~nct;her a(iv~ tage of the machine disclcsed .is that clf its especial simplicity in cclnstruction, wher-eby synchrclni~atic~n is entrustecl tc an c~ncc~mplicated electrc,mechanical contr-ol obt~in~ble es~enti~lly thrclugh apprclpriate structuring clf the capstan.
203~
The inventicn w::ll nc.w be described in cletail~ by way cf e:~ample~ with the aid c,f the accc,mpanying drawings, in which:
fig 1 i5 a schematic ill-lstrati.cn c,f the ~tructure 05 cf a capstan ~cccrding tc. the inventic.n;
-fig 2 is a detail c.f the tcp end of the capstan;
-fig 3 is a schematic illu~traticln c~f cne capst~
shcwiny the parts essential to the embcdiment cf a synchl-cni.ation device eharacteristic sf the wire dr-awing machine disclosed;
-fiy 4 i a blc.ck: diagram cf the sy~chrcni~atic.n device;
-fig 5 i~ a schematic representatic"~ of the machine di-~clc~ed . .
In the genel-c7]. il].~lstration cf the machine prcvi.ded hy fig 5 ,.~f the clrawincJ~,! 9 dellc~te~ the wire! which i- fed in at 9i and grad~.lally r-educed irl sectic~n tc a gi~en prc~cl~ction diameter q~.l! thereafter beir7g recc~iled c~ntc~ a spclol 21 at a speed c~f rotatic~n 2~:) which ~di~\sts with the inrrease in the number c.1-cc~ils! hence in their- r.~verall diameter! such that the periphel~~l recc~il velccity rem~in~ ccn~t~nt.
The capstans 1 adclpted in the machine disclc~sed are essenti~lly frustc~cc~1ic~1~ fa~c~ ril~y an ordered distributic.n cf the cciling wire c~ntc. the pulling 203g~
1 t ~
face 2a ~nd alc.ng tc. the run-cut 3a at the tc.p end.
~1cre e:iactly~ each cap3tan 1 i~ embcciied in twc distinct cc.ncentrically and ccla~ially dispcsed parts 2 and 3 (figs 1! 3 and ~ the part denslte~ Z
C~5 being dl-ivell by a l-elative mc,tor lf) Clf Which the shaft tC~a is c.c~lpled via a pc.wer tran~mi~sic.~
t~ a ba~lc~lly cclnventicnal cap~tan drive c~haft 5 a~scciateci a:~ia1ly with the pcart 2 in qclestic.n.
The part ~ th~ driven appears e~sen5ially as a tore trust~lm 22 clispc-~ed coa:~ially in relatic~n tc the rema:ining pa~-t 3.
~ccc~rdi~g tc the ir~venticn, the part of the cap~tan clenc.tecl 3 cc.n~ist~ in a freæly revc.lving t~..lbL.Ila~~
ring ~3 that prc.vide~ the r~ln-t..~lt 3a fc.r the wire L~ ~l d i5 c.~ e~ by a ~-elative ~ f~ L~ C CI ~ i t h !1 and, in the case clf the e:~ample ill-lstratecl ir- the tirawinys~ pptlrted internally clf t~le shaft S first rt~entic.ned. The ring 33 might be frclstcccnical~ with a taper matched tc. that c.f the cc.ne frclstc~m 22~ cr 2t:1 cylinclrical a~ tratecl. Whichever the case~ the rinCJ 33 is embcdied with a splayed lip 33c~ ~erving tc. restrain the endmc.st cclils c.f the c.utrunning wirc 9a. Each such ring 3~ ept cclntinLIcl~l~ly i.n rc.tatic.n by the next capst~n 1 in line, c.ntc. which the wire 9 passe by way cf a re~pect ive dr~wincJ
2~3g3~
die 32 (see fig 5), thereby establishing a given angu1ar vel~city N~ cl~ the lelative 5h~ft 4.
The wiredrawing machine acccrding tc the inventic i5 cc~ trc.lled by a synchrclnizaticln device ~C) (see l:j5 fig 4) de~igned tcl cc,l-reCt the rotatic,l~lal ~peecl clf the fr~uatc~c.nical part 2 c~f the capsta~ whenever a difference clc.c~.~r between the angc~lar velcci.ty Nc cf the driving sha~t S~ integr~ated mathe,natically and ,clnsiclereLl as a degree clf ang-.llar mclvement Sc~
and the ang~llar velccity Na clf the shaft 4 c~f the freely revcllving ring 33~ similarly lntegrated and ccn~ider-ed a~ a degree o-F anglllclr movemer-t 5a~ by way clf ~er~cl-~ 7 and ~ fitteci tcl the re~pective ~hafts 5 ancl 4 anct ser-ving tc mcnitcr the angL~lar .t5 velc,c.i~;le~; ir~ ue~. tic~ F~refel-ably, the aevice 'j~:1 will be e].ectri.~ sLIch that ~ensing and aL~baequent integratir.n c~f- the re~pecti~e anycllar velccities~
cccLIr-ring at the blclck der~clted lS in fig 4~ carl be ef~e~ted tc advantage using cc~nventic~nal enccdera 2C) f~ allcl 77 fittecl tc, the relative ~haft~ 4 an~ 5 (aee fig 3)~
E~efcre prc~ceeding with the der~cripti.cn sf the ~ynchrc~ aticn device 5(:)~ it ~hcl~lld be menticlned that each capstan is asscciated~ ccnventicnally~
With a ~peed cc,ntrc~l feeclb~ck: lclCIp 17 ~erving ~c ~38~
pilclt ccrltro1 clf the rctaticnal speed Nc cf the mc..tcl~ 10 thrcl~lgh a po~itive clr negative signal amplified ~y the blclc~ denctecl Zi this signa1 ref1ects the clifference detecteci by a ccmparatcr 14 Cl~ ~etween the CUtpLIt ~igna1 c.f a tacho genel~atclr 1~ fitte~ tc the shaft cf the mctcr- lC!~ and an electrlcal refe)-ence Vrll selected previc,u~ly and adcpted as the cap~tarl ripeeci concl-~.1 parameter.
Th~.~s~ in ad~iticln tc this cc~nventicnal lclclp 17 and ll:) tc the encccier-s ~6 anci ~7 alreacly mentionecl, the sync~l-cni~ticn device ~C~ rther ccmp~-ises a di~k~ circui.t 18 by Which the C~UtpLIt siyn~ls frcm the enrc.del-~3 are reclured tr- a ratir.~ and a compar~tc~r 12 by Which thi5 I-atic~ is subtr-~cted lS frcm a previr.Llsly c~elertecl e:Lectr:ical refel-emce valLIe F~f~r~ greater th~n bLIt effectively clr.~e tCJ a l~clminal ~;ynchrc"~ at:ic,n value F~ yt~ c.elected ~c,r the capstan 1; the differenre signal prclrl-.~r.ed by subtr-actitn~ amplified by the blclc~:: denc,ted 1'~ c~n 2C) thus be u~ed tc. effect a cr.rrecticn r.f the eleetrical re~er-ence vrn afcll-ementicned if ancl when 5ynchl-c~ aticln de~ect~ rhc~.lld ccc~lr.
In r-peratirn~ wire ~ abc.~lt to re rJrawn tc.ward the capstall ne~ t ill ,eqllence wi:L:L fir~;t cc~il a 9i~/e n~lmber c.f time~ arr.und the rinrJ ~3 whieh~ being f~ f~ ~ r~
mechanically inclependent cf the ccne frustum ZZ~
rc~tate3 at an angul~r velc~city ~eter-mined by these final cclils clf wire 9a, hence by the destinatic.n cap~tan. ~ny lack cf syn~hrcni-atic.n will therefcre C15 result in the ccils arc~l-)d the ring ~3 ~ecclming slack:er cr tighter than thcse en~elepimg the cone fr~lstum 22. ~Ic"-e e:~actly~ this sl~cker c~r tighter coili.ng acticln will occur at an area denc~ted 23, which m~r~.s the crossc~ver from the cc~ne frustl~lm 22 lCl tc. the ring ~-~3. Whilst the enclmc.~t cc.il~ 9a cling tigh~ly tc~ tl~e ri.ng 33 as a re3LIlt cf the pLIlling ~r~e ~c~ which they ~re ~ biect, the precedi~9 cclls tend tc. remain at a sub~tantially cc.n~t~--t diameter~ given th~t the flow c~F materl~l cc,ml)lg t5 crtc the pulli\-lg face 2~ ~f the cap~ta~n must match the flow l-Lln~lmg clff at the ~.lppclsite end ~a.
In effect~ the f~ct tllat tl~e ~eCticln cf the wil-e 9 remains constant alcng the capstarl siynifies that its tal~genti=~ nccili~g velc~city mu~t al~cl\-emaill 2(-l ccnstant~ th~ugh cnly if the diameter cf the single cclil~ remains Cc~l~stant likewise~ FCII- e:~a~ple~ if an increasecl pulling fc.rce i~ e:er-tecl cn the endmcst cclils 9a~ as a result~cf the destinaticn capstan runnin3 faster, the freely revclving r~inCJ 33 turn~
25 faster in response and thu~ induce~ a tighter cclil 2~ 3~
at the crc,sc,ver 2~1 whereas the speecl clf the cc.ne frclstum 22 rem~ins unchangecd (typically slc,wef).
Thus~ if ~a is the diameter c~f the r i ng 33 ~nd Dc the diameter c.f the wide end cf the ~c.ne fru~tum Z2 05 (i.e. the p~.~lling fcace 2a)~ then ~lnifc~rm ~ rf~ce speeds and nc.minal synch~-c.~ tic.n m~y be expless~d ~s ~.13c.~s:
N~ D~ - ~c :~ Dc hen~e:
Nc~Na - D~c -- F~yn; 3 It ~ill be seen that the raticl ~etween the ~peeds clf the shaft~ 5 c~nd 4 ~clmpen~ates the differer-ce in diametel-s. If~ therefc,re, an electrical a~sclciaticln is est~blishe~ between the ring 33 ancl the col~e trucitum 22~ with a r~tic~ betweerl the v~lL.Ie clF ~'r~yr~
and t, cne has ~n effective synchrc.ni~.~ti~.n medium in the marqi.rl clf tc~].er-ance or f].c~w cc~mpen-sati.c~n prc,videcl by the facillty clt- the cclils tc, tighten c,r sl~ck:en at the cr-clssclvel- 2~. Syrlchrclnclu~ cc.ncliticns re therefc,re mc~int~ined~ in generc~l~ with ~ vc~lue cf F~r~ between the ncmin~3. ~y~ ~nd 1, nc.t le~st by reasc~n of the fact that the diameter clf the tinal coil 9a which dr-ives the ril~g ~3 will almc~st invariably differ from the diameter denc.tei D~ as the coils are lik:ely~ in practice~ tc, b~lnch c~r ` 2~3~3~ ~
c,verlap (fi.g 2).
Operatic,n is als~ pc~,sible with a value of Rr~r~
gl-eater than 1, thc.clgh the cc,ils wc,L~ld becc,me tclc, slack: ~lltimately, causing the ring 33 to rotate at C~5 an a~gLllar velc,city Na actually less than Nc, with clearly unacceptable re~LIlts.
Tcl advantage~ the colls at the crc,s~c,ver 23 wlll be k:ept as ticJht as pc, 5s ible (i.e. parametrically near-tc, ~r~y~) in c.rder- tc, incr-ease the 5tac,ility c~f the 1(:) cclils ~a rLInning clff the capstan in q~.le~tion, which in tu~-n ~ignifies a val~le clf ~ pproaching tha~
c~f F~yn thc~ gh ~llclwing ~ margin sLIfficient at any given mc,ment tc. maintain a diameter clf the cclil5 at the cr-clssclver~ 23 sLIch a5 per-mits clf accommc~dating any variatic,n in velc,city caus,ed by the relative tightening c,r sl~ck:erl.Lr7g actic~n~ ThLI5~ by adclpting a s~.litable valcle clf F;l~lr.l~ which wclL.lld be y~-e~ter-in any event than that clf F~yr~ and selected preferably witb the ~ystem in opel-atic~n~ thQ hest pc,s~ible ~ynchrc-ni~atic,n will be achieved frc.m practical stanclpc~int.
A preferred embc,diment clf the machine will alscl inclLIde a bra~;e 8 a~rJciated with the free-r~.lrning shaft 4~ whirh en~bles bi-directic,l1al r-eactic.~n and ine~-tia clf the ring 33 in re~pc,n~e-tc, variatic.n~ in ~383~31 drag on the wire ca~sed by cc.rrespclnding variaticns in the tangential velc.city cf the capstan 1 ne:~t in equence. This in turn renders the respcnse clf the ene..de~-s 6~ and 67 irstantanec.~ y virt~le ~f the C15 fact that the enclmc.~t cclil~ ~a ren)ain permanently in ccntact with the surface cf the r-ing 33 whatever the cclnditic~
~n e~ample cf the practical applicatic.n of such a clevice 5(:~ i5 illustrated in fig 5~ where it will be lCI seen that the electrical reference signal Vrn fcr a given capstall cc~ cldes with the illp~.lt i tcl the ~peed ccl\~trcll feedback: lccp 17 cf the capstan ne~t in seqLIence (see alscl t-ig 4)l whils-t the value vr~ , cf the input i tc the feedbacb: lclop 17 cf the capstal-l f.ir~t mel-1ticll-led pl-c,vides the Vl-n reference fcr the capstan preceding in secluence. :[n particulal-~ it wlll be cbsc~rved that the reference Vrl ~erving the first capsta\~ ct- fiy S is supplied by the fcllcwing capstar~ lib:ewi~e the sig\~als Vr2 and ~r~ supplied tc the ne~t twc eapstan ~ wher-eas the nefere~ce Vr4 suppliecd tc, the final capstan is dependent c.n the tangential velocit~ cf the c.ut-running wire ~u and matched tc the perlpheral velc,city cf th~ spclcll 21.
cn the diameter clf the drawing die clr plate lccated b~t~een ~apsta~s~ and that thi~ ~ame diameter will be ~ubjert tc an unpredictable anL1 uncc.ntrcllatile degree ~f variaticn thrcLIgh wear durlng pr-~du~tion, C)- a ccrrecticn can be effected c,nly by varying the velc.city of the wire ~hirh, in the nc-n-slip type r.f drawing macl-iine ~i~e. where the capstari rarries a signifirarit r1LIn1ber cf single ccils clf wire, thereby disallcwing relative mcvement between capstan and mater-ial), is equivalent to the per-ipheral s~rface speed ct the ~apstans.
Ir1 multiple machir1es s~lch as the Mcrgan and similar types, the wil-e i5 wcl~.lnd 6pirally ontcl rylindl-iral rapstans ar1d Llncrliled ir1 a~n a~ial dir-ecticr1 frcm the capstan~ Synch\cni~aticl\i is achieved in such marhines! necessarily, by r.lperatincJ the rap tans intel-m.ittel1tly. ar1ri whlle the f:Lclw clf material is r-endered str-!ady ir1 this manl1er, the resLIlt is but mcdestly successf~.~L~ The main limitatit,ns ~If sl.lch ZC) machines stem frc~m the need fcr ir1tel-mitter1t type cperaticn cn the rlne hand, and cn the cther~ frcm the fart that the wire is subjerted tc Llndesirable stresses; in effect, the wire is twisted thrclugh a ful]. revcl-ltirn with earh coil paicd cut from the capstan, by re~scln c~f the a~ial .lnrc~iling articn.
~383~
~kl-ec~ver! the~e a~ially uncci:,ing machines req~lire a devi~e by means ~.-f whi~h -tc. transfer the runr,ing wire frc,m cne cap~tan tcl the ne:t (an 'uncciler'~
in eFfect) which cc.mprises pulleys pc~itic.ne~ c"ne 0~ alongside ~3nd anc~thel- elevated a:ially frcm the capstan, serving tc direct the wire toward and into the clrawing die pr~cedi-~y the r)e~:t ~apstan.
In a variaticn cn this type of machine~ designed to prevent twisti\ng cf the wire ~which is undesi)~~bLe lC1 in any event~ bLIt ahsclutely tCI be avclided wh~n drawing steel with a high carbcn cclntent), Ilse i~
made of twcl capstans pcsi.tioned one ab~ve the clther with a sinqle transfe)~ p~ Ley located in between that erlables. the wire tcl r~n clt'f the seccnd capstan tamgel7tic~:Lly instead cf a:ially. The drawbach: of intel-mittent: c,peratic,n r~mains in s~lch machines~
however~ in acidition to the ccnside)-able str~lct~o~al ccmp].i.cati.ons that arise with twc capstans tc each d)-awing ~tep.
With the advent of d.c~ capst~n clr-ive mc~tc~rs~ it has been pcssible tc~ ~Ipdate these machines tcl newer technclcgical standar-ds~ acL-crdingly~ the `'st~p~gc."
type of intermittent cperation can be imprclved tc "s1cw~fast"~ and by inccrpclrating further- ~pecial Z5 e~pedients and transdL.Icer~ continucus and entirely ~3~
intermittence-free cperatiun can alsc be achievecl.
5 the use cf va,-iable speed ccnverters has led tc the embcdiment c.f new rectilinear wiredr~wing ma~hines in which the wire p2~e~ directly from one 1)5 cap tan tc. t~e ne:~t. The 1~un)ber cf cc.il~ passing rc.~1nd each capstan remains fi.ecl! and absc.l~1tely nc.
twisting ccc~ s i)-~ passage cf the wire from step to step. The cap~tar themselve~ are fr~1~tcccni~a1~
e:hibiting a gentle tape1- that e)~ables ard f~vc~lrs lC~ an orderly and sL1bstantially r1cn-cver-l~pping coil alc.ng the windi nCJ sul-face betweer the p~.11ling face where the Wil-e ente-r-~ i.ntc full ccntact with the s1..1rface~ and the rL1n-c~.1t face at the very tc.p c.F
the cap~tar1. Qccc.rdir1gly~ the wire can be made tc ~.~ncc1i.l tangentially frcm s~.1ch a c-.. ~pstan~
Ir1 the r-ecti.:1.i.near machine~ there i~ nc slippage be1;ween the wire anci the capst~n face ! SC' that the velocity cf the wire coi)~cides with the s-~rface speed of the cap-~tan~ This autcmatically clictates 2C~ the r1eed tc gcve\n the tensicr1 of the wire betwee~
capstans; the neces5ary ~cntrcl is cbtained in most i~n~tarce~ by lccatirg a jc~c~:ey~ cr darcer~ between c1re capstan and the next~ and m~re e~r~actly! hetween the e:~it of ~ach capstan and the drawi1~g die or plate ne~t i~ ~eq~ence~ pc~itic~ned in ~uch a way as 2 0 3 ~
tc reaet tr any gecmetrical variaticn i1~ a lclclp cf wire cre~ted between the twc~ c~p~t~ns f~r the ~ery pul-pc,~e il~ questic,ll~ The danc:e~~ cc"77bine~ with a suit~ble transdLtcer ~ ~f which the re~ip~,nse varies ith cscil1a~icn induced ~y ch~nges in ten~icn c.f the wire? tc. create a ccntrc1 medium rf which the ccrresprnding val-i~ticn in CLItpLlt can be used tc ccrr~eCt the speed c~f the interlcck:ecl cap~tan.
In rectilinear machines ct- the type in questicn~
1~ the wire yenerally r-eeds tc be directed arc.und cne cr mcre p~.llleys befc.re entel-ing the dr~wing die ~ssclciated with the fclllowing c~p~t~n~ in r.rder tc crec~te a degree cf ~ c~: sufficient tcl acccmmcrl~te the e)~eLIrsicn ~f the dancer-; this resLIlts in a cert~in degree clf clr~g cn the lclclp c~f wire! clf which the ~crce wi].]. depend cn the mechc~nica1 10~7d ~pplied tr the clancer. ~Iclrecver~ these pulleys are gener~lly c~f diameter- muh ~m~ller th~n thc\t clf the capstan~ especially whe~ instal1ed in any l~um~er~
2~:) sc that the wire is sL~bjected tc ~ sLICCesSiCn clf a1ternate ber7dinc~ st~-e~e~; ~uch an effect i~ l~C~t ~nly ~ndesirable~ b~l~ especially damaging when ~he wire i~ ~till relatively thiCk: duril1g the inl~ia1 drawin~ steps~ cr when cperating with partic~llar.1y 2~ l~rge nr~min~1 prc~dl~\ctic~n cli~meters. Cc~n~ersely! if the dancel- mechanism is reduced tc. a simple senscr mc.nitoring a single lc.op c.f wire lccated between twcl capstans~ the re5ulting cintrcl becc~me~ 5cl highly sensi.tive as tc~ prc.duce a critical cperati.ng CJ5 charActe\-i~tic, and fle~ibility i5 lclst.
Thus~ nc~twithstarding the advantage clf affcrciing a cipeed cc.ntrcll facility~ even the rectilinear type clf wireclrawi.ng machine betrays nc.t inccnsiderable drawbac k:5 .
lC~ Capstan Sipeed can be gcverned by mc.nitc.ri~g tc.rque rather than cpeed~ hc~wever~ and thi~i is the methc~ci adc.ptecl ir1 a f~lrther type cf machine in which speed is cc~mpensated by drag. The ~dvantage clf these machine~3 cc~n--i.sts i.n the tfact that cne has a dir-ect tranfer clF the wire frc.m cne cap.tan tc. anc~th--r~
withcl~.lt dancerl3 cr other- siich devi.ces; irl pr-actical terms~ the wire passes directly trclm cne caF:)stan tc.
the clr-awinc1 die lc.cated between this anc! the next capstan. Synchrc.ni~.atic.n is achieYed a~.ltcmatically ZC) inasmuch a- the drive c.f the interlc.ci:ecl capstan will not deliver the total required drawi~ tc"-i~ue~
but a c~iven prcpc~rtic~n the)-eof in~ufficient in any event tc set ~he cap~t~n in rc~tat.ic~n. The rema-ining prc~pcrtic.n is pr-c~vided by the capstan ne~:t in line ~5 by way c.f the interccnneci~in~ wire, which generate~
2 ~ 3 ~
the drag necessal-y tcl cclmpens~te the shc,rtfall~ The effect is p_i sed c.n dcwn tc. the final capst~n in lir-e~ which, being speecl-ccntrc'le~ autcmatlcally deter-milles the speed cf all the preceding cap~tan .
05 Whilst there al-e nc prc.blems with tran~fer c.f the wire fr~m cne cap~tan to the ne~<t in ~uch m~chines~
the ccmpensating drAg cannct be metered accurately tc match the effecti.ve requirement~ and the risk: cf the wire brea~!:ing i~ thereFcl-e gre~tly incl-eased.
1~:) F~lrthermclr-e~ the m~tching c.f speeds between c~ne capstan and the r,e~t is mal-~:edly rigid, gi~en the absence c.f ~ny m~rgin of toler~nce~ or c~f any Flc.w compen~ating means by which tcl ta~:e up the min~.lte ~ari.aticns il~ velccity between cap6tans caused by 1~l an irregulal~ flclw cf material~
Finally~ cptimum tcrque-mëteri)lg cf the captitan clrive mctcr~ can incleed be obtainecl using special tr-~nsd~cer-~ ~str~in g~lge~) placed in cc.nta~t with the wire at a pc~int pric~r tc its enterlng each die~
2i:~ which ccnvert the detectable degree of dr-ag intc a ~iven OUtpLIt signal. This re~ult~ ln a particularly ccmplex and deli.cate system~ hclwever~ and dces nct ultimately eliminate the risk cf wire rupt~ure.
The object c.f the pre~ent inventic.n is tc -~er-ccme the dr~wback:s mer-tic.ned ~bove.
2~383~11 ~r3 The sta-ted cbject i5 re~li~ed in a recti.line~r wiredrawing machine as characteri~ed in the claims appended, in h~hich the wire passes cdirect frcm cne capst~n tc. the next enccLInter-ing ncthing c.ther than C)5 ~ dr~wi~g die ~.r plate thereby elimin~tin~ ~ny undesirable stress c.n the wire! ~nd in additicn~
elimin~tiny any ri ~; cf the wire break:ing as occurs typic~lly in a dr-~g ccmpensated machine.
Th~ls! fclr the first time! the prcblem clf efficient syn~hroni~atic~n i5 pr~lperly ~ddre~sed and re~c.lved ~y cc.ntrclling speed! thr.~ gh witho~.~t ecerting any stress cn the wire; rather, the cciling acticn is effected in qec.metrically ccntrc.lled cclnditicln~
wi.th a margin of tc,ler-ance sufficient to safeyuard the i~teqrity c~f the wi.re at .~ny given mc.ment c.f the synchr-c~ tic~n pr c,ce~s~
Amcng the alivantacJes clf the present inventic.n is that it cclm~ines the pclsitive features clf a dancer-5peed contl-clllel:l rectilineal- machi~-~e and thc,se c~f 2) tcrque cclntrcllle~ dray cc.mpensated type.
,~nct;her a(iv~ tage of the machine disclcsed .is that clf its especial simplicity in cclnstruction, wher-eby synchrclni~atic~n is entrustecl tc an c~ncc~mplicated electrc,mechanical contr-ol obt~in~ble es~enti~lly thrclugh apprclpriate structuring clf the capstan.
203~
The inventicn w::ll nc.w be described in cletail~ by way cf e:~ample~ with the aid c,f the accc,mpanying drawings, in which:
fig 1 i5 a schematic ill-lstrati.cn c,f the ~tructure 05 cf a capstan ~cccrding tc. the inventic.n;
-fig 2 is a detail c.f the tcp end of the capstan;
-fig 3 is a schematic illu~traticln c~f cne capst~
shcwiny the parts essential to the embcdiment cf a synchl-cni.ation device eharacteristic sf the wire dr-awing machine disclosed;
-fiy 4 i a blc.ck: diagram cf the sy~chrcni~atic.n device;
-fig 5 i~ a schematic representatic"~ of the machine di-~clc~ed . .
In the genel-c7]. il].~lstration cf the machine prcvi.ded hy fig 5 ,.~f the clrawincJ~,! 9 dellc~te~ the wire! which i- fed in at 9i and grad~.lally r-educed irl sectic~n tc a gi~en prc~cl~ction diameter q~.l! thereafter beir7g recc~iled c~ntc~ a spclol 21 at a speed c~f rotatic~n 2~:) which ~di~\sts with the inrrease in the number c.1-cc~ils! hence in their- r.~verall diameter! such that the periphel~~l recc~il velccity rem~in~ ccn~t~nt.
The capstans 1 adclpted in the machine disclc~sed are essenti~lly frustc~cc~1ic~1~ fa~c~ ril~y an ordered distributic.n cf the cciling wire c~ntc. the pulling 203g~
1 t ~
face 2a ~nd alc.ng tc. the run-cut 3a at the tc.p end.
~1cre e:iactly~ each cap3tan 1 i~ embcciied in twc distinct cc.ncentrically and ccla~ially dispcsed parts 2 and 3 (figs 1! 3 and ~ the part denslte~ Z
C~5 being dl-ivell by a l-elative mc,tor lf) Clf Which the shaft tC~a is c.c~lpled via a pc.wer tran~mi~sic.~
t~ a ba~lc~lly cclnventicnal cap~tan drive c~haft 5 a~scciateci a:~ia1ly with the pcart 2 in qclestic.n.
The part ~ th~ driven appears e~sen5ially as a tore trust~lm 22 clispc-~ed coa:~ially in relatic~n tc the rema:ining pa~-t 3.
~ccc~rdi~g tc the ir~venticn, the part of the cap~tan clenc.tecl 3 cc.n~ist~ in a freæly revc.lving t~..lbL.Ila~~
ring ~3 that prc.vide~ the r~ln-t..~lt 3a fc.r the wire L~ ~l d i5 c.~ e~ by a ~-elative ~ f~ L~ C CI ~ i t h !1 and, in the case clf the e:~ample ill-lstratecl ir- the tirawinys~ pptlrted internally clf t~le shaft S first rt~entic.ned. The ring 33 might be frclstcccnical~ with a taper matched tc. that c.f the cc.ne frclstc~m 22~ cr 2t:1 cylinclrical a~ tratecl. Whichever the case~ the rinCJ 33 is embcdied with a splayed lip 33c~ ~erving tc. restrain the endmc.st cclils c.f the c.utrunning wirc 9a. Each such ring 3~ ept cclntinLIcl~l~ly i.n rc.tatic.n by the next capst~n 1 in line, c.ntc. which the wire 9 passe by way cf a re~pect ive dr~wincJ
2~3g3~
die 32 (see fig 5), thereby establishing a given angu1ar vel~city N~ cl~ the lelative 5h~ft 4.
The wiredrawing machine acccrding tc the inventic i5 cc~ trc.lled by a synchrclnizaticln device ~C) (see l:j5 fig 4) de~igned tcl cc,l-reCt the rotatic,l~lal ~peecl clf the fr~uatc~c.nical part 2 c~f the capsta~ whenever a difference clc.c~.~r between the angc~lar velcci.ty Nc cf the driving sha~t S~ integr~ated mathe,natically and ,clnsiclereLl as a degree clf ang-.llar mclvement Sc~
and the ang~llar velccity Na clf the shaft 4 c~f the freely revcllving ring 33~ similarly lntegrated and ccn~ider-ed a~ a degree o-F anglllclr movemer-t 5a~ by way clf ~er~cl-~ 7 and ~ fitteci tcl the re~pective ~hafts 5 ancl 4 anct ser-ving tc mcnitcr the angL~lar .t5 velc,c.i~;le~; ir~ ue~. tic~ F~refel-ably, the aevice 'j~:1 will be e].ectri.~ sLIch that ~ensing and aL~baequent integratir.n c~f- the re~pecti~e anycllar velccities~
cccLIr-ring at the blclck der~clted lS in fig 4~ carl be ef~e~ted tc advantage using cc~nventic~nal enccdera 2C) f~ allcl 77 fittecl tc, the relative ~haft~ 4 an~ 5 (aee fig 3)~
E~efcre prc~ceeding with the der~cripti.cn sf the ~ynchrc~ aticn device 5(:)~ it ~hcl~lld be menticlned that each capstan is asscciated~ ccnventicnally~
With a ~peed cc,ntrc~l feeclb~ck: lclCIp 17 ~erving ~c ~38~
pilclt ccrltro1 clf the rctaticnal speed Nc cf the mc..tcl~ 10 thrcl~lgh a po~itive clr negative signal amplified ~y the blclc~ denctecl Zi this signa1 ref1ects the clifference detecteci by a ccmparatcr 14 Cl~ ~etween the CUtpLIt ~igna1 c.f a tacho genel~atclr 1~ fitte~ tc the shaft cf the mctcr- lC!~ and an electrlcal refe)-ence Vrll selected previc,u~ly and adcpted as the cap~tarl ripeeci concl-~.1 parameter.
Th~.~s~ in ad~iticln tc this cc~nventicnal lclclp 17 and ll:) tc the encccier-s ~6 anci ~7 alreacly mentionecl, the sync~l-cni~ticn device ~C~ rther ccmp~-ises a di~k~ circui.t 18 by Which the C~UtpLIt siyn~ls frcm the enrc.del-~3 are reclured tr- a ratir.~ and a compar~tc~r 12 by Which thi5 I-atic~ is subtr-~cted lS frcm a previr.Llsly c~elertecl e:Lectr:ical refel-emce valLIe F~f~r~ greater th~n bLIt effectively clr.~e tCJ a l~clminal ~;ynchrc"~ at:ic,n value F~ yt~ c.elected ~c,r the capstan 1; the differenre signal prclrl-.~r.ed by subtr-actitn~ amplified by the blclc~:: denc,ted 1'~ c~n 2C) thus be u~ed tc. effect a cr.rrecticn r.f the eleetrical re~er-ence vrn afcll-ementicned if ancl when 5ynchl-c~ aticln de~ect~ rhc~.lld ccc~lr.
In r-peratirn~ wire ~ abc.~lt to re rJrawn tc.ward the capstall ne~ t ill ,eqllence wi:L:L fir~;t cc~il a 9i~/e n~lmber c.f time~ arr.und the rinrJ ~3 whieh~ being f~ f~ ~ r~
mechanically inclependent cf the ccne frustum ZZ~
rc~tate3 at an angul~r velc~city ~eter-mined by these final cclils clf wire 9a, hence by the destinatic.n cap~tan. ~ny lack cf syn~hrcni-atic.n will therefcre C15 result in the ccils arc~l-)d the ring ~3 ~ecclming slack:er cr tighter than thcse en~elepimg the cone fr~lstum 22. ~Ic"-e e:~actly~ this sl~cker c~r tighter coili.ng acticln will occur at an area denc~ted 23, which m~r~.s the crossc~ver from the cc~ne frustl~lm 22 lCl tc. the ring ~-~3. Whilst the enclmc.~t cc.il~ 9a cling tigh~ly tc~ tl~e ri.ng 33 as a re3LIlt cf the pLIlling ~r~e ~c~ which they ~re ~ biect, the precedi~9 cclls tend tc. remain at a sub~tantially cc.n~t~--t diameter~ given th~t the flow c~F materl~l cc,ml)lg t5 crtc the pulli\-lg face 2~ ~f the cap~ta~n must match the flow l-Lln~lmg clff at the ~.lppclsite end ~a.
In effect~ the f~ct tllat tl~e ~eCticln cf the wil-e 9 remains constant alcng the capstarl siynifies that its tal~genti=~ nccili~g velc~city mu~t al~cl\-emaill 2(-l ccnstant~ th~ugh cnly if the diameter cf the single cclil~ remains Cc~l~stant likewise~ FCII- e:~a~ple~ if an increasecl pulling fc.rce i~ e:er-tecl cn the endmcst cclils 9a~ as a result~cf the destinaticn capstan runnin3 faster, the freely revclving r~inCJ 33 turn~
25 faster in response and thu~ induce~ a tighter cclil 2~ 3~
at the crc,sc,ver 2~1 whereas the speecl clf the cc.ne frclstum 22 rem~ins unchangecd (typically slc,wef).
Thus~ if ~a is the diameter c~f the r i ng 33 ~nd Dc the diameter c.f the wide end cf the ~c.ne fru~tum Z2 05 (i.e. the p~.~lling fcace 2a)~ then ~lnifc~rm ~ rf~ce speeds and nc.minal synch~-c.~ tic.n m~y be expless~d ~s ~.13c.~s:
N~ D~ - ~c :~ Dc hen~e:
Nc~Na - D~c -- F~yn; 3 It ~ill be seen that the raticl ~etween the ~peeds clf the shaft~ 5 c~nd 4 ~clmpen~ates the differer-ce in diametel-s. If~ therefc,re, an electrical a~sclciaticln is est~blishe~ between the ring 33 ancl the col~e trucitum 22~ with a r~tic~ betweerl the v~lL.Ie clF ~'r~yr~
and t, cne has ~n effective synchrc.ni~.~ti~.n medium in the marqi.rl clf tc~].er-ance or f].c~w cc~mpen-sati.c~n prc,videcl by the facillty clt- the cclils tc, tighten c,r sl~ck:en at the cr-clssclvel- 2~. Syrlchrclnclu~ cc.ncliticns re therefc,re mc~int~ined~ in generc~l~ with ~ vc~lue cf F~r~ between the ncmin~3. ~y~ ~nd 1, nc.t le~st by reasc~n of the fact that the diameter clf the tinal coil 9a which dr-ives the ril~g ~3 will almc~st invariably differ from the diameter denc.tei D~ as the coils are lik:ely~ in practice~ tc, b~lnch c~r ` 2~3~3~ ~
c,verlap (fi.g 2).
Operatic,n is als~ pc~,sible with a value of Rr~r~
gl-eater than 1, thc.clgh the cc,ils wc,L~ld becc,me tclc, slack: ~lltimately, causing the ring 33 to rotate at C~5 an a~gLllar velc,city Na actually less than Nc, with clearly unacceptable re~LIlts.
Tcl advantage~ the colls at the crc,s~c,ver 23 wlll be k:ept as ticJht as pc, 5s ible (i.e. parametrically near-tc, ~r~y~) in c.rder- tc, incr-ease the 5tac,ility c~f the 1(:) cclils ~a rLInning clff the capstan in q~.le~tion, which in tu~-n ~ignifies a val~le clf ~ pproaching tha~
c~f F~yn thc~ gh ~llclwing ~ margin sLIfficient at any given mc,ment tc. maintain a diameter clf the cclil5 at the cr-clssclver~ 23 sLIch a5 per-mits clf accommc~dating any variatic,n in velc,city caus,ed by the relative tightening c,r sl~ck:erl.Lr7g actic~n~ ThLI5~ by adclpting a s~.litable valcle clf F;l~lr.l~ which wclL.lld be y~-e~ter-in any event than that clf F~yr~ and selected preferably witb the ~ystem in opel-atic~n~ thQ hest pc,s~ible ~ynchrc-ni~atic,n will be achieved frc.m practical stanclpc~int.
A preferred embc,diment clf the machine will alscl inclLIde a bra~;e 8 a~rJciated with the free-r~.lrning shaft 4~ whirh en~bles bi-directic,l1al r-eactic.~n and ine~-tia clf the ring 33 in re~pc,n~e-tc, variatic.n~ in ~383~31 drag on the wire ca~sed by cc.rrespclnding variaticns in the tangential velc.city cf the capstan 1 ne:~t in equence. This in turn renders the respcnse clf the ene..de~-s 6~ and 67 irstantanec.~ y virt~le ~f the C15 fact that the enclmc.~t cclil~ ~a ren)ain permanently in ccntact with the surface cf the r-ing 33 whatever the cclnditic~
~n e~ample cf the practical applicatic.n of such a clevice 5(:~ i5 illustrated in fig 5~ where it will be lCI seen that the electrical reference signal Vrn fcr a given capstall cc~ cldes with the illp~.lt i tcl the ~peed ccl\~trcll feedback: lccp 17 cf the capstan ne~t in seqLIence (see alscl t-ig 4)l whils-t the value vr~ , cf the input i tc the feedbacb: lclop 17 cf the capstal-l f.ir~t mel-1ticll-led pl-c,vides the Vl-n reference fcr the capstan preceding in secluence. :[n particulal-~ it wlll be cbsc~rved that the reference Vrl ~erving the first capsta\~ ct- fiy S is supplied by the fcllcwing capstar~ lib:ewi~e the sig\~als Vr2 and ~r~ supplied tc the ne~t twc eapstan ~ wher-eas the nefere~ce Vr4 suppliecd tc, the final capstan is dependent c.n the tangential velocit~ cf the c.ut-running wire ~u and matched tc the perlpheral velc,city cf th~ spclcll 21.
Claims (8)
1) A non-slip rectilinear wiredrawing machine with synchronization between successive tangentially uncoiling capstans, characterized -in that each capstan is embodied in two distinct concentric and coaxial parts, the first part driven by a motor and comprising the sole pulling face of the capstan, of given diameter the second part consisting in a freely-revolving tubular ring of diameter smaller than that of the pulling face and affording a run-out from which the wire is drawn by a successive capstan directly through an intervening die; and, -in that it comprises a synchronization device designed to correct the angular velocity of the shaft by which the first part of the capstan is supported and driven in rotation, in response to a difference in the degrees of angular movement described respectively by the shaft and the freely-revolving ring, as monitored by corresponding sensors.
2) A wiredrawing machine as in claim 1, wherein the freely-revolving tubular ring is cylindrical in shape, and affords a splayed lip serving to restrain the endmost coils of the wire.
3) A wiredrawing machine as in claim 1, wherein the freely-revolving tubular ring is frustonconical in shape, exhibiting a taper indentical to that of the first part of the capstan, and affords a splayed terminal lip serving to restrain the endmost coils of the wire.
4) A wiredrawing machine as in claim 1, wherein the freely-revolving tubular ring is associated with a rotatable shaft coaxial to the shaft of the first part of the capstan, and the sensors of the synchronization device are fitted one to each respective shaft.
5) A wiredrawing machine as in claim 4, wherein the synchronization device is electric, and the sensors are rotary encoders fitted to the respective shafts and designed to supply an electrical output signal proportional to the angular movement of each shaft.
6) A wiredrawing machine as in claim 5, wherein the encoders constitute an intergral part of the synchronization device, and the device further comprises a dividing circuit serving the calculate the ratio between the signals from the encoders, and a comparator by which the signal from the dividing circuit is substracted algebraically from a preset electrical reference of value marginally greater than a nominal capstan speed synchronization electrical reference, of which the value is always less than unity and equal to the ratio between the diameter of the freely-revolving ring and the diameter of the pulling face of the first part of the capstan, thus furnishing a difference signal which when suitably amplified is utilized to correct and electrical reference applied to a conventional feedback speed control loop associated with the single capstan, with the end in view of ensuring that the crossover between the first part of the capstan and the freely-revolving tubular ring is occupied by a plurality of coils firmly in contact with the ring but of diameter such as enables their tightening or slackening in response to variations in angular velocity of the successive capstan.
7) A wiredrawing machine as in claim 4 or 5 or 6, wherein braking means fitted to the shaft of each freely-revolving tubular ring enable bi-directional reaction and intertia of the ring in response to variations in drag on the wire produced by corresponding variations in the pulling speed of the successive capstan, in such a way that the response of the sensors is rendered immediate and the endmost coils of wire remain firmly in contact with the surface of the ring.
8) A wiredrawing machine as in claim 6, wherein the electrical reference utilized in controlling the rotational speed of a given capstan coincides with the input to the speed control feedback loop of the capstan next in sequence, whilst the value registering at the input to the feedback loop of the capstan thus controlled provides the electrical sequence.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT00340390A IT1238280B (en) | 1990-03-21 | 1990-03-21 | ANTI-SLIP AND STRAIGHT LINE DRAWER FOR METAL WIRE, WITH SYNCHRONISM DEVICE BETWEEN CONSECUTIVE TANGENTIAL CAPS. |
| IT3403A/90 | 1990-03-21 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2038301A1 true CA2038301A1 (en) | 1991-09-22 |
Family
ID=11106508
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002038301A Abandoned CA2038301A1 (en) | 1990-03-21 | 1991-03-14 | Non-slip rectilinear wiredrawing machine with synchronization between successive tangentially uncoiling capstans |
Country Status (16)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5136866A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0448528B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP3034989B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100220295B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE114122T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2038301A1 (en) |
| CS (1) | CS76791A2 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69105156T2 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0448528T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2067204T3 (en) |
| HU (1) | HU207812B (en) |
| IE (1) | IE65722B1 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1238280B (en) |
| MX (1) | MX174629B (en) |
| PT (1) | PT97087B (en) |
| SK (1) | SK280843B6 (en) |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IT1272560B (en) * | 1993-09-03 | 1997-06-23 | Redaelli Tecna Mecc Spa | MULTI-STAGE DRAWING MACHINE WITH THROW ADJUSTMENT |
| DE59801770D1 (en) * | 1998-04-07 | 2001-11-22 | Niehoff Kg Maschf | Method for controlling the drive of a drawing machine and drawing device |
| IT1309934B1 (en) * | 1999-11-18 | 2002-02-05 | Tecnocard Srl | DRAWING STRUCTURE FOR METAL WIRES |
| ITRN20000027A1 (en) * | 2000-06-16 | 2000-09-16 | Lisciani Trafilerie S R L R | STRAIGHT SLIPPING MACHINE FOR METAL WIRE WITH SYNCHRONISM BETWEEN CONSECUTIVE CAPS, PERFECTED. |
| US7137430B2 (en) * | 2002-03-25 | 2006-11-21 | Rollease, Inc. | Mono control lift and tilt mechanism for horizontal blinds |
| US20070240478A1 (en) * | 2006-04-12 | 2007-10-18 | Martin Kalweit | Wire-drawing apparatus |
| CN101708506B (en) * | 2009-12-08 | 2011-06-22 | 吴伟琦 | Waste leftover material wire drawing machine and wire drawing method |
| CN102139286A (en) * | 2010-11-12 | 2011-08-03 | 吴江市神州双金属线缆有限公司 | Control device used for continuous drawing |
| CN102139285A (en) * | 2010-11-12 | 2011-08-03 | 吴江市神州双金属线缆有限公司 | Continuous drawing device |
| US20150183013A1 (en) * | 2012-09-20 | 2015-07-02 | Fae, Inc. | Wire drawing machine and wire drawing method |
| JP6139923B2 (en) * | 2013-03-11 | 2017-05-31 | 株式会社エフ・エー電子 | Wire drawing machine and wire drawing method |
| CN103599951A (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2014-02-26 | 安徽奇峰机械装备有限公司 | Steel wire processing device |
| CN113458766B (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2022-10-18 | 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 | Bolt tightening device |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2960215A (en) * | 1957-11-16 | 1960-11-15 | Rehnqvist Nils Bernhard | Wire-drawing machines |
| SE359037B (en) * | 1970-10-21 | 1973-08-20 | Arboga Mek Verk Ab | |
| US4079609A (en) * | 1976-12-14 | 1978-03-21 | Amtel, Inc. | Control system for multiple stage reducing apparatus |
| IT1088302B (en) * | 1977-11-16 | 1985-06-10 | Fachini & Co | STRAIGHT LINE DRAWING MACHINE INCLUDING TWO ROTARY COAXIAL COILS IN THE SAME SENSE, WITH AUTOMATIC CONTINUOUS SPEED CONTROL ', WITHOUT RESTORATION OF THE DRAWN MATERIAL ON EXTERNAL PROBE BUTTERS WITH CONTINUOUS SPEED OF DUE ROTATION |
| US4511096A (en) * | 1983-11-14 | 1985-04-16 | Morgan Construction Company | Spinner drive for double block wire drawing machine |
| US4604883A (en) * | 1985-10-17 | 1986-08-12 | Morgan Construction Company | Mass flow control system for wire drawing machine |
| CA1247501A (en) * | 1986-01-30 | 1988-12-28 | Alan C. Glover | Methods and apparatus for drawing wire |
-
1990
- 1990-03-21 IT IT00340390A patent/IT1238280B/en active IP Right Grant
-
1991
- 1991-03-11 US US07/667,416 patent/US5136866A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-03-12 AT AT91830099T patent/ATE114122T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-03-12 EP EP91830099A patent/EP0448528B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-03-12 IE IE81191A patent/IE65722B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-03-12 DK DK91830099.7T patent/DK0448528T3/en active
- 1991-03-12 ES ES91830099T patent/ES2067204T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-03-12 DE DE69105156T patent/DE69105156T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-03-14 CA CA002038301A patent/CA2038301A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1991-03-20 PT PT97087A patent/PT97087B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-03-20 KR KR1019910004386A patent/KR100220295B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-03-20 MX MX025006A patent/MX174629B/en unknown
- 1991-03-20 HU HU91931A patent/HU207812B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-03-20 JP JP3130744A patent/JP3034989B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-03-21 CS CS91767A patent/CS76791A2/en unknown
- 1991-03-21 SK SK767-91A patent/SK280843B6/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| PT97087B (en) | 1998-08-31 |
| ES2067204T3 (en) | 1995-03-16 |
| KR100220295B1 (en) | 1999-09-15 |
| IE910811A1 (en) | 1991-10-09 |
| DE69105156D1 (en) | 1994-12-22 |
| PT97087A (en) | 1993-03-31 |
| HUT59853A (en) | 1992-07-28 |
| JP3034989B2 (en) | 2000-04-17 |
| DK0448528T3 (en) | 1995-02-27 |
| ATE114122T1 (en) | 1994-12-15 |
| EP0448528B1 (en) | 1994-11-17 |
| US5136866A (en) | 1992-08-11 |
| HU207812B (en) | 1993-06-28 |
| CS76791A2 (en) | 1991-10-15 |
| DE69105156T2 (en) | 1995-04-27 |
| SK280843B6 (en) | 2000-08-14 |
| KR910016398A (en) | 1991-11-05 |
| JPH0780536A (en) | 1995-03-28 |
| IT9003403A0 (en) | 1990-03-21 |
| EP0448528A1 (en) | 1991-09-25 |
| IT9003403A1 (en) | 1991-09-21 |
| IT1238280B (en) | 1993-07-12 |
| MX174629B (en) | 1994-05-30 |
| HU910931D0 (en) | 1991-10-28 |
| IE65722B1 (en) | 1995-11-15 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CA2038301A1 (en) | Non-slip rectilinear wiredrawing machine with synchronization between successive tangentially uncoiling capstans | |
| JP5064749B2 (en) | Internal grooved tube manufacturing method, manufacturing apparatus, and internally grooved tube | |
| JP6213786B2 (en) | Wire drawing equipment | |
| CN102974650B (en) | Vertical pay-off rack | |
| US3282304A (en) | Wire uncoiling device | |
| US4406141A (en) | Straightening apparatus for steel pipes and the like | |
| JP2001347312A (en) | Manufacturing device of internally grooved tube | |
| CA2547178A1 (en) | Rolling mill roller guide | |
| JP2005103623A (en) | Wire drawing machine | |
| CN211644166U (en) | Tension adjusting mechanism and insulated wire production device | |
| JP2002282929A (en) | Method and device for wire drawing of metal thin wire by slip wiring roll | |
| JP3204117B2 (en) | Manufacturing method of fine wire | |
| JP5814390B2 (en) | Wire drawing machine | |
| JP3605971B2 (en) | Diameter reduction method for SUS303 wire rod | |
| CN1492788B (en) | Method and apparatus for manufacturing tubes by rolling | |
| JP2003126916A (en) | Production method and equipment for pipe with helical groove | |
| CN211965459U (en) | Pipe straightening and shaping mechanism | |
| JPH0760337A (en) | Method for drawing wire and device therefor | |
| CN115958088A (en) | Manual straightening method for small-caliber pipe | |
| JPH0456682B2 (en) | ||
| JP2666037B2 (en) | Swage equipment | |
| JPS5823452Y2 (en) | Mechanical descaler device | |
| US4002379A (en) | Oil mist lubrication of centrifugally loaded bearings | |
| JPS639881B2 (en) | ||
| JPS5994512A (en) | Direct hydraulic drive for hot rolling mill roll |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Discontinued |