CA2018924C - Counterweight removal device - Google Patents
Counterweight removal deviceInfo
- Publication number
- CA2018924C CA2018924C CA 2018924 CA2018924A CA2018924C CA 2018924 C CA2018924 C CA 2018924C CA 2018924 CA2018924 CA 2018924 CA 2018924 A CA2018924 A CA 2018924A CA 2018924 C CA2018924 C CA 2018924C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- counterweight
- mounting frame
- supporting
- frame
- hollows
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/18—Counterweights
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
- B66C23/72—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples
- B66C23/74—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples separate from jib
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Jib Cranes (AREA)
- Component Parts Of Construction Machinery (AREA)
Abstract
A counterweight removal device for crane, whereby said counterweight can be fixed on a counterweight mounting frame fixed on the rear end of swing frame after lifting up to the determined height by using chains driven by lift cylinders and by passing rotating beds rotatably fixed on the rear end of the counterweight mounting frame through vertical grooves formed on the back of counterweight by keeping said rotating bed in ver-tical position or by retreating the pins into the mounting frame and placing housing hollows on said rotating beds in horizontal position or on said bearing pins stuck out so as to be fixed on the counterweight mounting frame.
Description
201~24 c, p E C I F I C A T I O N
l TITLE OF THE INVENTION
Counterweight Removal Device 2. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a counterweight removal device for construction equipments such as crane and hydraulic excavators. Regarding a counterweight for this type of conventional construction machines, it is common that the swing frame is provided with horizontal weight bearing extension on its rear end, on which the counterweight is placed so as to be screwed on said frame. However, said counterweight has to be lifted so as to clear the weight b,earing extensions and moved forward so as to lean against the mountinq frame and fixed with set screws, because the weight bearing extensions themselves stand on the uplifting route of the counterweight.
Then it is necessary to have some means for lifting or lowering the counterweight vertically and for moving it forward or backward, that is to say that the crane or the like itself requires other auxiliary heavy equipment for handling proper counterweight in the field or some proper heavy device of com-plicated structure only for mounting and dismo~unting the coun-terweight. - ' As shown in the Figure 8, a counterweight handling system has been disclosded by the Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 59-1625, wherein a l,ift cylinder for operating arm pivoted - 201 8~24 l the rear end of swing frame of said equipment is mounted for replacing said counterweight bearing extension, by which the counterweight is lifted so as to be fixed on the swing frame with shear pins and set screws.
However, it is necessary to provide an arm pivoted on the frame and a lift cylinder on the counterweight lifting system as aforementioned. The counterweight mounting operation is not easy because of hard positioning of shear pins for bearing counterweight. Further, this type of counterweight lifting system is rather expensive.
The present invention was developed considering the above situation and is to provide a counterweight removal device, whereby it is enough to only lift and lower the counterweight vertically for removing.
l TITLE OF THE INVENTION
Counterweight Removal Device 2. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a counterweight removal device for construction equipments such as crane and hydraulic excavators. Regarding a counterweight for this type of conventional construction machines, it is common that the swing frame is provided with horizontal weight bearing extension on its rear end, on which the counterweight is placed so as to be screwed on said frame. However, said counterweight has to be lifted so as to clear the weight b,earing extensions and moved forward so as to lean against the mountinq frame and fixed with set screws, because the weight bearing extensions themselves stand on the uplifting route of the counterweight.
Then it is necessary to have some means for lifting or lowering the counterweight vertically and for moving it forward or backward, that is to say that the crane or the like itself requires other auxiliary heavy equipment for handling proper counterweight in the field or some proper heavy device of com-plicated structure only for mounting and dismo~unting the coun-terweight. - ' As shown in the Figure 8, a counterweight handling system has been disclosded by the Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 59-1625, wherein a l,ift cylinder for operating arm pivoted - 201 8~24 l the rear end of swing frame of said equipment is mounted for replacing said counterweight bearing extension, by which the counterweight is lifted so as to be fixed on the swing frame with shear pins and set screws.
However, it is necessary to provide an arm pivoted on the frame and a lift cylinder on the counterweight lifting system as aforementioned. The counterweight mounting operation is not easy because of hard positioning of shear pins for bearing counterweight. Further, this type of counterweight lifting system is rather expensive.
The present invention was developed considering the above situation and is to provide a counterweight removal device, whereby it is enough to only lift and lower the counterweight vertically for removing.
3. SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE
In order to carry out above purpose according to the present invention, there is provided a counterweight removal device comprising: a counterweight frame; a counterweight supporting means mounted on the counterweight mounting frame for supporting the counterweight in position on the frame; counterweight lifting means mounted on the rear end of said counterweight mounting frame for lifting the counterweight into position on the counterweight mounting frame; a counterweight for fixing on said counterweight mounting frame, having a plurality of substantially vertical grooves for receiving said counterweight lifting means, and a plurality of support points for engaging with said counterweight supporting means, wherein the supporting means includes counterweight supporting members and the support points are hollows in the counterweight to receive the supporting members, wherein the ~unterweight supporting members include rectangular rotating blocks, wherein said hollows are formed horizontally at the lower end of the grooves formed on the back of the counterweight for receiving the rotating blocks, wherein said hollows are rectangular and the rotating blocks are rotatably mounted on the counterweight mounting frame so as to slide vertically in the grooves when said blocks are oriented in a substantially vertical position and engage in said rectangular hollows when said blocks are oriented in a substantially horizontal position.
In order to carry out above purpose according to the present invention, there is provided a counterweight removal device comprising: a counterweight frame; a counterweight supporting means mounted on the counterweight mounting frame for supporting the counterweight in position on the frame; counterweight lifting means mounted on the rear end of said counterweight mounting frame for lifting the counterweight into position on the counterweight mounting frame; a counterweight for fixing on said counterweight mounting frame, having a plurality of substantially vertical grooves for receiving said counterweight lifting means, and a plurality of support points for engaging with said counterweight supporting means, wherein the supporting means includes counterweight supporting members and the support points are hollows in the counterweight to receive the supporting members, wherein the ~unterweight supporting members include rectangular rotating blocks, wherein said hollows are formed horizontally at the lower end of the grooves formed on the back of the counterweight for receiving the rotating blocks, wherein said hollows are rectangular and the rotating blocks are rotatably mounted on the counterweight mounting frame so as to slide vertically in the grooves when said blocks are oriented in a substantially vertical position and engage in said rectangular hollows when said blocks are oriented in a substantially horizontal position.
4. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 (a) shows a front view showing an embodiment according to the present invention. Figure 1 (b) shows a front view of other embodiment. Figure 2 (a) shows a plan view. Figure 2 (b) shows a front view of other embodiment. Figure 3 illustrates a lateral section of counterweight. Figure 4 shows an amplified rear view of weight rotating bed. Figure 5 shows an amplified lateral view of rotating bed. Figure 6 shows an amplified lateral view of stuck out supporting pin. Figure 7 shows an amplified lateral view of retreated supporting pin. Figure 8 shows a lateral view of prior art.
Figure 1 (a) shows a front view showing an embodiment according to the present invention. Figure 1 (b) shows a front view of other embodiment. Figure 2 (a) shows a plan view. Figure 2 (b) shows a front view of other embodiment. Figure 3 illustrates a lateral section of counterweight. Figure 4 shows an amplified rear view of weight rotating bed. Figure 5 shows an amplified lateral view of rotating bed. Figure 6 shows an amplified lateral view of stuck out supporting pin. Figure 7 shows an amplified lateral view of retreated supporting pin. Figure 8 shows a lateral view of prior art.
5. EMBODIMENT
Hereinafter, an embodiment according to the present invention will be explained referring to the drawings.
According to the Figure 1 (a), 2 (a), 3, 4 and 5, numeral 1 indicates a counterweight mounting frame provided on the rear end of swing frame. A pair of rectangular rotating bed 2 incorporated with pin 3 are rotatably mounted on the lower part of 2 0 ~ 2 4 weight mounting frame. On the upper portions of each rotating bed 2, through holes 5 are perforated for inserting set screws 30 to be explained later. On the back of counterweight, back plates with threaded holes 4 are mounted. A pair of weight lifting system 10 are mounted in the inner grooves in relation to the rotating beds with bracket 8 and 9, and on the upper ends of piston rod to be lifted or lowered by oil pressure in the cylinder 11, sprockets 13 are mounted, with which chains 14 are engaged. The front ends of the chain 14 are fixed on the coun-terweight mounting frame 1 as showrl in the Figure 3 and other ends are mounted detachably on the fixing plates 21 provided in the vertical grooves 26.
The counterweight 20 has hollows 22 wherein through holes 23 are formed as shown in the Figu~e 1 (a) and 2 (a). On the back of counterweight 20, a pair of guide groove are formed vertically. On the lower ends of said guide grooves 24, said supporting hollow 25 which are wider than said guide grooves are formed.
Further, a pair of groove 26 for mounting said weight lifting systems 10 are formed vertically between the guide grooves 24 on the back of counterweight 20.
In the Figure (b), 2 (b), 3, 6 and 7, the lifting systems are same with the aforementioned. There are a pair of supporting pins 3a in the place of rectangular rotating beds. The counter-weight has a pair of notch in inverted letter form V 25a at the identical positions in the place of guide grooves.
2018~24 In the next place, the function of the present system will be explained. In order to mount -the counterweight 20 on the swing frame, the rotating beds 2 have to be turned first so as to be put in vertical position as illustrated with double chain h lines in the Figure 4. Then rear ends of chain 14 have to be fixed on the fixing plates Z1 of counterweight on the ground using bolts or equivalents and the piston rods 12 are extended by driving the lift cylinders 11. Then the counterweight 20 is lifted up being driven by the sprockets 13 and the chains 14, but the rotating beds 2 do not block the guide grooves 24 on the back of counterweight 20, because they slide freely through the guide grooves 24. When the counterweight 20 is elevated to the height where the rotating beds 2 may turn in the supporting hollows 25 formed on the lower end of yuide grooves 24. Then, after finishing the lifting operation of counterweight, the rotating beds can be turned 90 so as to be positioned horizon-tally as shown with a line in the Figure 4. Then the counter-weight can be lowered a little so as to be placed on the rotat-ing beds 2. ~ccordingly the counterweight can be fixed on the counterweight mounting frame with set screws 30 inserted in the through holes 23 and the fixing plates 4.
However, the frequency of replacement of counterweight is not so high-generally, therefore the chains 14~can be taken off and the piston rods 12 can be kept in the lowest position of cylinders 11 after having mounted the counterweight. Further, the cylinders can be covered with some protectors or taken off for storing.
2~ 892~ `
Also in order to take off the counterweight 20 after taking off the set screws 30 first, the counterweight 20 has to be lifted until the rotating beds 2 may be put in vertical position turning 90. Then the counterweight Z0 has to be lowered down to the ground letting the rotating beds 2 slide in the guide grooves 24, then the chains can be taken off At the time of lifting the counterweight, the rotating beds are vertically positioned so as to slide freely through the guide grooves and then positioned horlzontally in the supporting hollow so as to receive the counterwelght on themselves when the counterweight is lowered. Then the counterweight can be fixed on the counterweight mounting frame with set screws.
As shown in the Figure 1 (b), 2 (b), 6 and 7, in a coun-terweight removal device comprising supporting pins 3a and notched hollows 25a, when the counterweight is lifted, the supporting pins 3a are retreated back i.nto the mounting frame 1 as shown in the Figure 7 not staying in uplifting rout of coun-terweight. When the counterweight is lifted up clearing the height of pins 3a, the slidable pins can stick out under the counterweight. Then the counterweight 20 can be positioned on the pins 3a by means of notched portions 25a so as to be fixed on the counterweight mounting frame with set screws 30.
In order to take off the counterweight 20, the same process has to be done reversely and the supporting pins 3a can be retreated back into the counterweight mounting frame 1.
According to the present invention aforementioned, it is sufficient to mount two weight lifting systems of simple con-2~1L8924 struction which may work verticallly, therefore the counter--weight mounting systems themselves can be simpLified and the weight lifting systems will not disturb other operations, be-cause they are mounted in the grooves on the back of the coun-terweight. In addition, the positioning of counterweight can be done easily and exactly, because the counterweight can be fixed on the swing frame after being placed on the rotating beds or on the supporting pins. Accordingly the counterweight mounting operation in the field can be largely simplified.
Hereinafter, an embodiment according to the present invention will be explained referring to the drawings.
According to the Figure 1 (a), 2 (a), 3, 4 and 5, numeral 1 indicates a counterweight mounting frame provided on the rear end of swing frame. A pair of rectangular rotating bed 2 incorporated with pin 3 are rotatably mounted on the lower part of 2 0 ~ 2 4 weight mounting frame. On the upper portions of each rotating bed 2, through holes 5 are perforated for inserting set screws 30 to be explained later. On the back of counterweight, back plates with threaded holes 4 are mounted. A pair of weight lifting system 10 are mounted in the inner grooves in relation to the rotating beds with bracket 8 and 9, and on the upper ends of piston rod to be lifted or lowered by oil pressure in the cylinder 11, sprockets 13 are mounted, with which chains 14 are engaged. The front ends of the chain 14 are fixed on the coun-terweight mounting frame 1 as showrl in the Figure 3 and other ends are mounted detachably on the fixing plates 21 provided in the vertical grooves 26.
The counterweight 20 has hollows 22 wherein through holes 23 are formed as shown in the Figu~e 1 (a) and 2 (a). On the back of counterweight 20, a pair of guide groove are formed vertically. On the lower ends of said guide grooves 24, said supporting hollow 25 which are wider than said guide grooves are formed.
Further, a pair of groove 26 for mounting said weight lifting systems 10 are formed vertically between the guide grooves 24 on the back of counterweight 20.
In the Figure (b), 2 (b), 3, 6 and 7, the lifting systems are same with the aforementioned. There are a pair of supporting pins 3a in the place of rectangular rotating beds. The counter-weight has a pair of notch in inverted letter form V 25a at the identical positions in the place of guide grooves.
2018~24 In the next place, the function of the present system will be explained. In order to mount -the counterweight 20 on the swing frame, the rotating beds 2 have to be turned first so as to be put in vertical position as illustrated with double chain h lines in the Figure 4. Then rear ends of chain 14 have to be fixed on the fixing plates Z1 of counterweight on the ground using bolts or equivalents and the piston rods 12 are extended by driving the lift cylinders 11. Then the counterweight 20 is lifted up being driven by the sprockets 13 and the chains 14, but the rotating beds 2 do not block the guide grooves 24 on the back of counterweight 20, because they slide freely through the guide grooves 24. When the counterweight 20 is elevated to the height where the rotating beds 2 may turn in the supporting hollows 25 formed on the lower end of yuide grooves 24. Then, after finishing the lifting operation of counterweight, the rotating beds can be turned 90 so as to be positioned horizon-tally as shown with a line in the Figure 4. Then the counter-weight can be lowered a little so as to be placed on the rotat-ing beds 2. ~ccordingly the counterweight can be fixed on the counterweight mounting frame with set screws 30 inserted in the through holes 23 and the fixing plates 4.
However, the frequency of replacement of counterweight is not so high-generally, therefore the chains 14~can be taken off and the piston rods 12 can be kept in the lowest position of cylinders 11 after having mounted the counterweight. Further, the cylinders can be covered with some protectors or taken off for storing.
2~ 892~ `
Also in order to take off the counterweight 20 after taking off the set screws 30 first, the counterweight 20 has to be lifted until the rotating beds 2 may be put in vertical position turning 90. Then the counterweight Z0 has to be lowered down to the ground letting the rotating beds 2 slide in the guide grooves 24, then the chains can be taken off At the time of lifting the counterweight, the rotating beds are vertically positioned so as to slide freely through the guide grooves and then positioned horlzontally in the supporting hollow so as to receive the counterwelght on themselves when the counterweight is lowered. Then the counterweight can be fixed on the counterweight mounting frame with set screws.
As shown in the Figure 1 (b), 2 (b), 6 and 7, in a coun-terweight removal device comprising supporting pins 3a and notched hollows 25a, when the counterweight is lifted, the supporting pins 3a are retreated back i.nto the mounting frame 1 as shown in the Figure 7 not staying in uplifting rout of coun-terweight. When the counterweight is lifted up clearing the height of pins 3a, the slidable pins can stick out under the counterweight. Then the counterweight 20 can be positioned on the pins 3a by means of notched portions 25a so as to be fixed on the counterweight mounting frame with set screws 30.
In order to take off the counterweight 20, the same process has to be done reversely and the supporting pins 3a can be retreated back into the counterweight mounting frame 1.
According to the present invention aforementioned, it is sufficient to mount two weight lifting systems of simple con-2~1L8924 struction which may work verticallly, therefore the counter--weight mounting systems themselves can be simpLified and the weight lifting systems will not disturb other operations, be-cause they are mounted in the grooves on the back of the coun-terweight. In addition, the positioning of counterweight can be done easily and exactly, because the counterweight can be fixed on the swing frame after being placed on the rotating beds or on the supporting pins. Accordingly the counterweight mounting operation in the field can be largely simplified.
Claims (3)
1. A counterweight removal device comprising:
a counterweight frame;
a counterweight supporting means mounted on the counterweight mounting frame for supporting the counterweight in position on the frame;
counterweight lifting means mounted on the rear end of said counterweight mounting frame for lifting the counterweight into position on the counterweight mounting frame;
a counterweight for fixing on said counterweight mounting frame, having a plurality of substantially vertical grooves for receiving said counterweight lifting means, and a plurality of support points for engaging with said counterweight supporting means, wherein the supporting means includes counterweight supporting members and the support points are hollows in the counterweight to receive the supporting members, wherein the counterweight supporting members include rectangular rotating blocks, wherein said hollows are formed horizontally at the lower end of the grooves formed on the back of the counterweight for receiving the rotating blocks, wherein said hollows are rectangular and the rotating blocks are rotatably mounted on the counterweight mounting frame so as to slide vertically in the grooves when said blocks are oriented in a substantially vertical position and engage in said rectangular hollows when said blocks are oriented in a substantially horizontal position.
a counterweight frame;
a counterweight supporting means mounted on the counterweight mounting frame for supporting the counterweight in position on the frame;
counterweight lifting means mounted on the rear end of said counterweight mounting frame for lifting the counterweight into position on the counterweight mounting frame;
a counterweight for fixing on said counterweight mounting frame, having a plurality of substantially vertical grooves for receiving said counterweight lifting means, and a plurality of support points for engaging with said counterweight supporting means, wherein the supporting means includes counterweight supporting members and the support points are hollows in the counterweight to receive the supporting members, wherein the counterweight supporting members include rectangular rotating blocks, wherein said hollows are formed horizontally at the lower end of the grooves formed on the back of the counterweight for receiving the rotating blocks, wherein said hollows are rectangular and the rotating blocks are rotatably mounted on the counterweight mounting frame so as to slide vertically in the grooves when said blocks are oriented in a substantially vertical position and engage in said rectangular hollows when said blocks are oriented in a substantially horizontal position.
2. A device according to claim 1, wherein the counterweight lifting means comprise hydraulic components mounted on the counterweight mounting frame.
3. A device according to claim 1, wherein the grooves are formed substantially vertically in the back of the counterweight for receiving the counterweight lifting means.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1-071315 | 1989-06-19 | ||
| JP1989071315U JPH0612062Y2 (en) | 1989-06-19 | 1989-06-19 | Counterweight attachment / detachment device |
| JP57154 | 1990-05-30 | ||
| JP5715490U JPH0416792U (en) | 1990-05-30 | 1990-05-30 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2018924A1 CA2018924A1 (en) | 1990-12-19 |
| CA2018924C true CA2018924C (en) | 1995-12-19 |
Family
ID=26398179
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2018924 Expired - Lifetime CA2018924C (en) | 1989-06-19 | 1990-06-13 | Counterweight removal device |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU628181B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2018924C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE4019369A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2648449B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2234732B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4409514C2 (en) * | 1993-10-09 | 1998-05-07 | Orenstein & Koppel Ag | Adjustable counterweight for a construction machine and hydraulic excavator, which is equipped with an adjustable counterweight |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1026500B (en) * | 1955-09-29 | 1958-03-20 | Krupp Ardelt Gmbh | Vehicle crane, in particular slewing crane, the counterweight of which is divided into several sub-elements |
| US3375021A (en) * | 1966-05-20 | 1968-03-26 | Bucyrus Erie Co | Counterweight removal device |
| DE1531137B1 (en) * | 1967-08-17 | 1970-10-15 | Ruston Bucyrus Ltd | Counterweight removal device, especially for a crane mounted on a chassis |
| FR2041385A5 (en) * | 1969-04-22 | 1971-01-29 | Ppm Sa | |
| US3595410A (en) * | 1969-08-18 | 1971-07-27 | Deere & Co | Tractor-mounted power assist means for elevating front-end weights |
| US3891095A (en) * | 1974-04-22 | 1975-06-24 | Case Co J I | Removable counterweight mounting mechanism |
| US3902735A (en) * | 1974-06-03 | 1975-09-02 | Caterpillar Tractor Co | Hydraulic counterweight removal mechanism |
| US4072324A (en) * | 1976-08-19 | 1978-02-07 | Caterpillar Tractor Co. | Shear pin assembly for counterweights |
| US4402413A (en) * | 1981-11-19 | 1983-09-06 | J. I. Case Company | Counterweight arrangement |
| DE3708458A1 (en) * | 1987-03-16 | 1988-09-29 | Krupp Gmbh | Device for arranging a lowerable counterweight of a cantilever crane |
-
1990
- 1990-06-08 AU AU56946/90A patent/AU628181B2/en not_active Expired
- 1990-06-13 CA CA 2018924 patent/CA2018924C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-06-15 GB GB9013409A patent/GB2234732B/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-06-18 DE DE19904019369 patent/DE4019369A1/en active Granted
- 1990-06-18 FR FR9007587A patent/FR2648449B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE4019369A1 (en) | 1990-12-20 |
| AU628181B2 (en) | 1992-09-10 |
| CA2018924A1 (en) | 1990-12-19 |
| DE4019369C2 (en) | 1993-06-24 |
| GB2234732A (en) | 1991-02-13 |
| FR2648449A1 (en) | 1990-12-21 |
| GB2234732B (en) | 1993-12-01 |
| GB9013409D0 (en) | 1990-08-08 |
| FR2648449B1 (en) | 1995-06-16 |
| AU5694690A (en) | 1991-04-18 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKEX | Expiry |