CA1336124C - Spinning process and device for its performance - Google Patents
Spinning process and device for its performanceInfo
- Publication number
- CA1336124C CA1336124C CA000604736A CA604736A CA1336124C CA 1336124 C CA1336124 C CA 1336124C CA 000604736 A CA000604736 A CA 000604736A CA 604736 A CA604736 A CA 604736A CA 1336124 C CA1336124 C CA 1336124C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- spinning
- ring
- nozzle
- diaphragm
- circular
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
- D01D5/088—Cooling filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
- D01F6/62—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyesters
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
Spinning apparatus comprising a ring spinning nozzle and a quench stick arranged centrally beneath the spinning plate at a distance therefrom in which a circular slotted diaphragm with a narrow ring slot is arranged between the spinning plate and the top edge of the quench stick, and through which the spun filaments can pass without problems.
Description
t 376~ 2~
Description:
Spinning process and device for its performance The present invention relates to a process and apparatus for producing synthetic fibers of particularly high uniformity and high dynamic efficiency wherein the freshly spun filaments are cooled by central gas quenching.
DE-C-1,278,684 and US-A-3,259,681 already disclose melt spinning processes where the filaments are immediately cooled after emerging from the spinneret by central gas quenching. In these known processes, the filaments are spun from a spinning nozzle whose spinning holes are arranged in one or more concentric circles, the diameter of the smallest hole circle being sufficiently large for installation of a quench stick just below the center of the spinning nozzle.
This quench stick consists of a tubular hollow body, made of a porous gas-permeable material, is sealed at one end and supplied at the other end with cooling air. In action, the quench stick produces a radially outward stream of cooling air which penetrates the few "layers" (corresponding to the number of concentric spinning hole circles) of the downward-moving filament curtain surrounding the quench stick. This arrangement is supposed to give an appreciably more powerful cooling effect, and it is also expected that the cooling of the individual filament layers will become more uniform. However, in practice it was found that central gas quenching does not give sufficiently uniform filaments and that there are frequent process disruptions due to filament breakage.
US-A-4,414,169 discloses a process for producing high-strength polyester multifilament yarns. In this process, the filaments are cooled by gas quenching directly beneath the spinning nozzle and drawn off under relatively high tension.
The filaments are then drawn in two stages. In this process, the gas quenching of the filaments just below the spinning nozzle can also be performed by an outward directed gas stream supplied in the center of the filament bundle. In this process too, however, the uniformity of the filaments cooled by central gas quenching leaves a lot to be desired, and there are frequent filament breakages in the course of production.
DE-A-3,629,731, EP-A-40,482 and EP-A-50,483 disclose melt spinning processes where the filaments are likewise cooled by central gas quenching immediately following their emergence from the die plate and where the gas quenching is followed immediately by a likewise central impingement of the filaments with a spin finish. This spin finish is applied by a central contact body which is wetted with the spin finish and over which the circular filament bundle glides, or by a centrally positioned radial spray nozzle.
These known processes and apparatuses likewise have the disadvantage that the filaments obtained are not sufficiently uniform for many applications and that there are an excessive number of production disruptions due to filament breakage.
A proposal to improve the uniformity of polyester filaments is known from US-A-3,858,386. Therein polyester filaments are melt spun, then guided through a heating zone underneath the nozzle surface and then cooled by central gas quenching.
The object of this process is a polyester yarn of improved uniformity in its physical properties, in particular the Uster values and strength measured across the cross-section of a filament bundle. The heating zone through which the filaments pass immediately after emerging from the spinning plate is 15 to 60 cm in length and at a temperature of 260 to 460C.
- 3- 1336t24 However, the polyester yarns thus obtained have high thermal shrinkage values, which presents problems for some applications such as, for example, the production of tire cords.
The present invention therefore provides a spinning apparatus with which a stable and highly reproducible process for producing very uniform high-strength synthetic fibers of low shrinkage and low elongation and hence of high dynamic efficiency can be carried out.
The spinning apparatus according to the invention comprises a ring spinning nozzle, a quench stick arranged centrally beneath the spinning plate at a distance therefrom, and a circular slotted diaphragm arranged between the spinning plate and the upper edge of the quench stick.
In what follows, reference is made to Figures 1 to 5.
Figure 1 is a schematic plan view of the spinning plate (1) of a ring spinning nozzel having an approximately square ring area (2) with the spinning bores (3).
Figure 2 is a schematic plan view of the spinning plate (1) of a referred ring spinning nozzle with 3 concentric circles (2a) of spinning bores (3).
Figure 3 is a schematic plan view of a circular slotted diaphragm (4) enclosing between the inner part (5) and the outer part (6) the circular slot (7).
Figure 4 is a schematic perpendicular section through a spinning apparatus according to the invention, comprising the spinning nozzle (8), the spinning bores (3), the filaments (9) extruded therefrom, and the circular slotted - ~ 4 ~ ~ 3361 24 diaphragm (4) whose inner part (5) is attached by means of a spacer piece (10) to the quench stick (11). The shell (12) of the quench stick is made of a porous, gas-permeable material; the cooling air is supplied through the flat tube (13).
Figure 5 is a cross-section through the flat tube (13).
For the purposes of the present invention a ring spinning nozzle is a spinning nozzle whose spinning plate has a central zone which is free of bores. The zone which does contain bores hence surrounds the bore-free zone in the shape of a frame, i.e. a closed, not necessarily circular, ring area.
Figure 1 is a schematic view of the spinning plate of a ring spinning nozzle comprising an approximately square ring area (2) with bores (3).
The area with bores can be for example square, rectangular, polygonal or oval and have at its center a correspondingly smaller bore-free zone with a respectively square, rectangular, polygonal or oval shape.
Advantageously, the width of the ring area which contains the bores is approximately the same in any direction, measured radially from the center. Such dimensioning ensures a particularly uniform cooling of all spun filaments.
Uniform cooling of all filaments is also promoted by a very high central symmetry of the ring area. Particular reference is therefore given to a circular ring area.
Within the ring area the spinning bores can be uniformly distributed in a conventional manner. In a particularly advantageous arrangement, the spinning bores are arranged in ~ 5 - 1 3~61 24 closed lines, in the case of a circular ring area accordingly in circle lines.
A preferred ring spinning nozzle therefore has from 1 to 10, preferably 1 - 4, die hole circles. Particular preference is given to a spinning nozzle having 2 or 3 hole circles where the nozzle holes making up the individual hole circles are positioned opposite gaps.
Figure 2 is a schematic view from below of a ring spinning nozzle preferred for the construction of the spinning apparatus according to the invention. The nozzle holes (3) are arranged in concentric circles (2a), the smallest of which has the diameter di and the largest the diameter da.
The following observations are for simplicity directed at the use of such a ring spinning nozzle having a circular, bore-containing ring area, but the person skilled in the art will have no problem applying them to non-circular ring spinning nozzles:
The quench stick used in the process according to the invention is of a conventional design. It comprises a tubular hollow body made of a gas-permeable material, for example a sinter metal, which is sealed at one end and which is supplied at the other end with a stream of cooling air.
The diameter of the quench stick does of course depend on the diameter di of the smallest nozzle hole circle. In general, the diameter D of the quench stick is D = (0.5 - 1.0) x di, preferably (0.7 - 0.8) x di, and ranges from 45 to 180 mm. The length of the quench stick is in general from 500 to 1,500 mm, preferably from 800 to 1,300 mm.
- 6 - I 336 t 24 The distance between the spinning plate and the top edge of the quench stick is advantageously between 50 and 500 mm, preferably 100 to 200 mm.
The ring slot diaphragm arranged between the spinning plate and the top edge of the quench stick is a plate with a closed-shape slot. Again, the slot of the ring slotted diaphragm need not necessarily be circular. Rather its shape is similar to the shape of the spinning bore ring area of the ring spinning nozzle.
If a preferred ring spinning nozzle is used, where the spinning bores are arranged within a circular ring area (corresponding to Figure 2), the circular slotted diaphragm used does of course also have a circular ring slot. Similarly, the subsequent statements concerning such a preferred circular slotted diaphragm are readily applied to other embodiments featuring non-circular ring slots.
Figure 3 is a schematic plan view of such a preferred circular slotted diaphragm with a circular slot. The inner edge of the ring slot (7) is formed by the inner part (5) of the circular slotted diaphragm, which comprises a circular plate of diameter dp. The outer part (6) of the circular slotted diaphragm, which forms the outer edge of the ring slot, consists of a plate with a circular cutout of diameter dr~ dr being greater than dp and the slot width s being accordingly (dr-dp)/2. The dimensions of the circular slotted diaphragm of course also depend on the arrangement of the spinning nozzle holes, i.e.
on the diameters di and da of the smallest and the largest circle of holes in the spinning plate. Advantageously, dp -(0.5 to 1.0) x di, preferably (0.7 to 0.8) x di.
The slot width s is accordingly given by the following relation:
s = (1.0 to 4.5) x (da-di), preferably (3.0 to 4.0) x (da-di).
In general the following dimensions are selected for di and da in practice:
di = 50 to 200 mm, preferably 50 - 180;
da = 55 to 205 mm.
The distance Ab of the circular slotted diaphragm from the spinning plate relates to the distance Ak of the spinning plate from the top edge of the quench stick. Advantageously, the circular slotted diaphragm is arranged at a distance Ab = (0.3 to 0,8) x Ak, preferably (0.4 to 0.7) x Ak, beneath the spinning plate.
In general, the circular slotted diaphragm should be dimensioned in such a way as to provide an as narrow as possible ring slot (i.e. a ring slot with the smallest possible s) which is just wide enough for all the spun filaments to pass through without problems.
The inner part of the circular slotted diaphragm is separated from the outer part by the slot. It is possible in principle to join inner part and outer part together with very narrow webs in such a way that the inner part is in the plane of the outer part. Preference, however, is given to installing inner part and outer part separately in the spinning apparatus. The outer part of the circular slotted diaphragm can be attached for example in a conventional manner by means of a flange at the desired distance beneath the spinning nozzle, while the inner part is secured by means of a spacer either at the center of the spinning nozzle or alternatively at the quench stick in such a way that the inner part is in the plane of the outer part of the circular slotted diaphragm. A suitable material for the circular slotted diaphragm is any .
sufficiently temperature resistant material, for example a metal, a ceramic or even a high temperature resistant plastic. Preference is given to a circular slotted diaphragm made of a heat-insulating material or coated with such a material. For instance, a circular slotted diaphragm can be made of a metal and for heat insulation be coated (laminated) with a layer of a bonded mineral fiber web.
In a constructionally particularly favourable design of the spinning apparatus according to the invention, the cooling air is supplied in a conventional manner from the side at the lower end of the quench stick. The air supply ducts employed here advantageously take the form of a flat tube;
that is, they do not have a round cross-section but an extremely elliptical or rectangular croos-section with a long axis which is 5 to 10 times the length of the short axis. These air supply ducts are installed with the long cross-sectional axis in the yarn transport direction. The advantage of this design is that, despite the air supply from the side, the filament bundle does not need to be split as in US-A-3,858,386. The strong cooling of the filaments in the region of the quench stick leads to trouble-free running of the filaments. Preferably, the air supply ducts are provided with a surface of low friction, for example with a matt chrome finish or with a coating of fluoropolymer.
Particular preference is given to those spinning apparatuses according to the invention having more than one preferred feature.
The spinning apparatus according to the invention shows its particular advantages at spinning speeds of above 2,000 m/min.
The present invention therefore also provides a spinning process for producing very uniform high-strength yarns of low shrinkage and low elongation, which comprises using the above-described spinning apparatus and operating at spinning takeoff speeds of more than 2,000 m/min, preferably at 2,500 to 4,000 m/min.
The filaments spun according to the invention can be further processed in a conventional manner immediately thereafter or in a separate step, and in particular can be drawn in a conventional manner in one or more stages at ambient or elevated temperatures.
Particularly advantageous results are obtained on using polyesters whose I.V., measured in 50/50 o-chlorophenol/
phenol at 25C, is above 0.7 dl/g, in particular above 0.8 dl/g.
The process according to the invention gives filament yarns where the filaments across the diameter of the bundle are more uniform than with yarns hitherto produced. The heat is carried off uniformly and rapidly, thereby in addition permitting short spinning columns. An additional heating means to delay the cooling of the spun filaments is not necessary and not desired in the process according to the invention. Such means would destroy the high preorientation of the filaments which is desirable here.
A further surprising advantage is that cylinder-symmetrical quenching from the inside to the outside gives in conjunction with the circular slotted diaphragm the same preorientation of the filaments at as low a spinning takeoff speed as 2,600 m/min as is obtainable with transverse quenching only at a spinning takeoff speed of 3,000 m/min.
The subsequent drawing of the filaments spun according to the invention gives high-strength filament yarns or fibers having a low total of elongation and shrinkage and a high dynamic efficiency.
Illustrative embodiment The illustrative embodiment described hereinafter utilizes a spinning apparatus according to the invention (Figure 4).
This apparatus possesses as features essential to the invention a ring spinning nozzle (8) with two concentric circles of a total of 200 spinning bores (3) each situated opposite a gap. The smaller circle of bores has a diameter di of 166 mm and the larger circle of bores has a diameter of 177 mm.
At the center beneath the nozzle there is an 800 mm long quench stick (11) 105 mm in diameter comprising a shell (12) made of sintered metal, the top edge of which is at a distance of 100 mm from the nozzle plate.
At a distance of 70 mm below the nozzle plate there is a circular slotted diaphragm (4) made of a 2 mm thick sheet of VA metal and bearing a 5 mm thick bonded rock wool web. The inner edge of the circular slot has a diameter of 120 mm, and the slot width is 40 mm. The inner part (5) of the diaphragm is attached with a spacer (10) 30 mm in length to the quench stick.
The cooling air is supplied from the side through a flat tube (13) 600 mm in height and 60 mm at its widest point which is tapered towards its upper edge and has been installed on end (see cross-section in Figure 5).
This spinning apparatus is used to spin a polyethylene terephthalate of I.V. 0.90 dl/g, measured in 50/50 o-chlorophenol/phenol at 25C, at a nozzle temperature of " 1 3~61 24 315C into filaments taken off at 2,600 m/min. The spun filaments are gathered together, have a low level of protective twist applied to them and are wound up.
The yarn obtained is then drawn in a ratio of 3.11:1 at a temperature of 265C. The filament yarn thus obtained can be further processed in a conventional manner, for example by plying and texturing or, collected into tow form, by cutting into staple fibers. The filament yarns obtained have the following data:
Titer: 1,440 dtex f 200 Breaking strength: 72 cN/tex Elongation at break: 8.7 Elongation under a load of 54 cN/tex: 6.2 Hot air shrinkage at 200C: 6.4 ~
The filament yarns differ from conventionally produced yarns by excellent, appreciable improved uniformity of the textile data across the yarn.
Description:
Spinning process and device for its performance The present invention relates to a process and apparatus for producing synthetic fibers of particularly high uniformity and high dynamic efficiency wherein the freshly spun filaments are cooled by central gas quenching.
DE-C-1,278,684 and US-A-3,259,681 already disclose melt spinning processes where the filaments are immediately cooled after emerging from the spinneret by central gas quenching. In these known processes, the filaments are spun from a spinning nozzle whose spinning holes are arranged in one or more concentric circles, the diameter of the smallest hole circle being sufficiently large for installation of a quench stick just below the center of the spinning nozzle.
This quench stick consists of a tubular hollow body, made of a porous gas-permeable material, is sealed at one end and supplied at the other end with cooling air. In action, the quench stick produces a radially outward stream of cooling air which penetrates the few "layers" (corresponding to the number of concentric spinning hole circles) of the downward-moving filament curtain surrounding the quench stick. This arrangement is supposed to give an appreciably more powerful cooling effect, and it is also expected that the cooling of the individual filament layers will become more uniform. However, in practice it was found that central gas quenching does not give sufficiently uniform filaments and that there are frequent process disruptions due to filament breakage.
US-A-4,414,169 discloses a process for producing high-strength polyester multifilament yarns. In this process, the filaments are cooled by gas quenching directly beneath the spinning nozzle and drawn off under relatively high tension.
The filaments are then drawn in two stages. In this process, the gas quenching of the filaments just below the spinning nozzle can also be performed by an outward directed gas stream supplied in the center of the filament bundle. In this process too, however, the uniformity of the filaments cooled by central gas quenching leaves a lot to be desired, and there are frequent filament breakages in the course of production.
DE-A-3,629,731, EP-A-40,482 and EP-A-50,483 disclose melt spinning processes where the filaments are likewise cooled by central gas quenching immediately following their emergence from the die plate and where the gas quenching is followed immediately by a likewise central impingement of the filaments with a spin finish. This spin finish is applied by a central contact body which is wetted with the spin finish and over which the circular filament bundle glides, or by a centrally positioned radial spray nozzle.
These known processes and apparatuses likewise have the disadvantage that the filaments obtained are not sufficiently uniform for many applications and that there are an excessive number of production disruptions due to filament breakage.
A proposal to improve the uniformity of polyester filaments is known from US-A-3,858,386. Therein polyester filaments are melt spun, then guided through a heating zone underneath the nozzle surface and then cooled by central gas quenching.
The object of this process is a polyester yarn of improved uniformity in its physical properties, in particular the Uster values and strength measured across the cross-section of a filament bundle. The heating zone through which the filaments pass immediately after emerging from the spinning plate is 15 to 60 cm in length and at a temperature of 260 to 460C.
- 3- 1336t24 However, the polyester yarns thus obtained have high thermal shrinkage values, which presents problems for some applications such as, for example, the production of tire cords.
The present invention therefore provides a spinning apparatus with which a stable and highly reproducible process for producing very uniform high-strength synthetic fibers of low shrinkage and low elongation and hence of high dynamic efficiency can be carried out.
The spinning apparatus according to the invention comprises a ring spinning nozzle, a quench stick arranged centrally beneath the spinning plate at a distance therefrom, and a circular slotted diaphragm arranged between the spinning plate and the upper edge of the quench stick.
In what follows, reference is made to Figures 1 to 5.
Figure 1 is a schematic plan view of the spinning plate (1) of a ring spinning nozzel having an approximately square ring area (2) with the spinning bores (3).
Figure 2 is a schematic plan view of the spinning plate (1) of a referred ring spinning nozzle with 3 concentric circles (2a) of spinning bores (3).
Figure 3 is a schematic plan view of a circular slotted diaphragm (4) enclosing between the inner part (5) and the outer part (6) the circular slot (7).
Figure 4 is a schematic perpendicular section through a spinning apparatus according to the invention, comprising the spinning nozzle (8), the spinning bores (3), the filaments (9) extruded therefrom, and the circular slotted - ~ 4 ~ ~ 3361 24 diaphragm (4) whose inner part (5) is attached by means of a spacer piece (10) to the quench stick (11). The shell (12) of the quench stick is made of a porous, gas-permeable material; the cooling air is supplied through the flat tube (13).
Figure 5 is a cross-section through the flat tube (13).
For the purposes of the present invention a ring spinning nozzle is a spinning nozzle whose spinning plate has a central zone which is free of bores. The zone which does contain bores hence surrounds the bore-free zone in the shape of a frame, i.e. a closed, not necessarily circular, ring area.
Figure 1 is a schematic view of the spinning plate of a ring spinning nozzle comprising an approximately square ring area (2) with bores (3).
The area with bores can be for example square, rectangular, polygonal or oval and have at its center a correspondingly smaller bore-free zone with a respectively square, rectangular, polygonal or oval shape.
Advantageously, the width of the ring area which contains the bores is approximately the same in any direction, measured radially from the center. Such dimensioning ensures a particularly uniform cooling of all spun filaments.
Uniform cooling of all filaments is also promoted by a very high central symmetry of the ring area. Particular reference is therefore given to a circular ring area.
Within the ring area the spinning bores can be uniformly distributed in a conventional manner. In a particularly advantageous arrangement, the spinning bores are arranged in ~ 5 - 1 3~61 24 closed lines, in the case of a circular ring area accordingly in circle lines.
A preferred ring spinning nozzle therefore has from 1 to 10, preferably 1 - 4, die hole circles. Particular preference is given to a spinning nozzle having 2 or 3 hole circles where the nozzle holes making up the individual hole circles are positioned opposite gaps.
Figure 2 is a schematic view from below of a ring spinning nozzle preferred for the construction of the spinning apparatus according to the invention. The nozzle holes (3) are arranged in concentric circles (2a), the smallest of which has the diameter di and the largest the diameter da.
The following observations are for simplicity directed at the use of such a ring spinning nozzle having a circular, bore-containing ring area, but the person skilled in the art will have no problem applying them to non-circular ring spinning nozzles:
The quench stick used in the process according to the invention is of a conventional design. It comprises a tubular hollow body made of a gas-permeable material, for example a sinter metal, which is sealed at one end and which is supplied at the other end with a stream of cooling air.
The diameter of the quench stick does of course depend on the diameter di of the smallest nozzle hole circle. In general, the diameter D of the quench stick is D = (0.5 - 1.0) x di, preferably (0.7 - 0.8) x di, and ranges from 45 to 180 mm. The length of the quench stick is in general from 500 to 1,500 mm, preferably from 800 to 1,300 mm.
- 6 - I 336 t 24 The distance between the spinning plate and the top edge of the quench stick is advantageously between 50 and 500 mm, preferably 100 to 200 mm.
The ring slot diaphragm arranged between the spinning plate and the top edge of the quench stick is a plate with a closed-shape slot. Again, the slot of the ring slotted diaphragm need not necessarily be circular. Rather its shape is similar to the shape of the spinning bore ring area of the ring spinning nozzle.
If a preferred ring spinning nozzle is used, where the spinning bores are arranged within a circular ring area (corresponding to Figure 2), the circular slotted diaphragm used does of course also have a circular ring slot. Similarly, the subsequent statements concerning such a preferred circular slotted diaphragm are readily applied to other embodiments featuring non-circular ring slots.
Figure 3 is a schematic plan view of such a preferred circular slotted diaphragm with a circular slot. The inner edge of the ring slot (7) is formed by the inner part (5) of the circular slotted diaphragm, which comprises a circular plate of diameter dp. The outer part (6) of the circular slotted diaphragm, which forms the outer edge of the ring slot, consists of a plate with a circular cutout of diameter dr~ dr being greater than dp and the slot width s being accordingly (dr-dp)/2. The dimensions of the circular slotted diaphragm of course also depend on the arrangement of the spinning nozzle holes, i.e.
on the diameters di and da of the smallest and the largest circle of holes in the spinning plate. Advantageously, dp -(0.5 to 1.0) x di, preferably (0.7 to 0.8) x di.
The slot width s is accordingly given by the following relation:
s = (1.0 to 4.5) x (da-di), preferably (3.0 to 4.0) x (da-di).
In general the following dimensions are selected for di and da in practice:
di = 50 to 200 mm, preferably 50 - 180;
da = 55 to 205 mm.
The distance Ab of the circular slotted diaphragm from the spinning plate relates to the distance Ak of the spinning plate from the top edge of the quench stick. Advantageously, the circular slotted diaphragm is arranged at a distance Ab = (0.3 to 0,8) x Ak, preferably (0.4 to 0.7) x Ak, beneath the spinning plate.
In general, the circular slotted diaphragm should be dimensioned in such a way as to provide an as narrow as possible ring slot (i.e. a ring slot with the smallest possible s) which is just wide enough for all the spun filaments to pass through without problems.
The inner part of the circular slotted diaphragm is separated from the outer part by the slot. It is possible in principle to join inner part and outer part together with very narrow webs in such a way that the inner part is in the plane of the outer part. Preference, however, is given to installing inner part and outer part separately in the spinning apparatus. The outer part of the circular slotted diaphragm can be attached for example in a conventional manner by means of a flange at the desired distance beneath the spinning nozzle, while the inner part is secured by means of a spacer either at the center of the spinning nozzle or alternatively at the quench stick in such a way that the inner part is in the plane of the outer part of the circular slotted diaphragm. A suitable material for the circular slotted diaphragm is any .
sufficiently temperature resistant material, for example a metal, a ceramic or even a high temperature resistant plastic. Preference is given to a circular slotted diaphragm made of a heat-insulating material or coated with such a material. For instance, a circular slotted diaphragm can be made of a metal and for heat insulation be coated (laminated) with a layer of a bonded mineral fiber web.
In a constructionally particularly favourable design of the spinning apparatus according to the invention, the cooling air is supplied in a conventional manner from the side at the lower end of the quench stick. The air supply ducts employed here advantageously take the form of a flat tube;
that is, they do not have a round cross-section but an extremely elliptical or rectangular croos-section with a long axis which is 5 to 10 times the length of the short axis. These air supply ducts are installed with the long cross-sectional axis in the yarn transport direction. The advantage of this design is that, despite the air supply from the side, the filament bundle does not need to be split as in US-A-3,858,386. The strong cooling of the filaments in the region of the quench stick leads to trouble-free running of the filaments. Preferably, the air supply ducts are provided with a surface of low friction, for example with a matt chrome finish or with a coating of fluoropolymer.
Particular preference is given to those spinning apparatuses according to the invention having more than one preferred feature.
The spinning apparatus according to the invention shows its particular advantages at spinning speeds of above 2,000 m/min.
The present invention therefore also provides a spinning process for producing very uniform high-strength yarns of low shrinkage and low elongation, which comprises using the above-described spinning apparatus and operating at spinning takeoff speeds of more than 2,000 m/min, preferably at 2,500 to 4,000 m/min.
The filaments spun according to the invention can be further processed in a conventional manner immediately thereafter or in a separate step, and in particular can be drawn in a conventional manner in one or more stages at ambient or elevated temperatures.
Particularly advantageous results are obtained on using polyesters whose I.V., measured in 50/50 o-chlorophenol/
phenol at 25C, is above 0.7 dl/g, in particular above 0.8 dl/g.
The process according to the invention gives filament yarns where the filaments across the diameter of the bundle are more uniform than with yarns hitherto produced. The heat is carried off uniformly and rapidly, thereby in addition permitting short spinning columns. An additional heating means to delay the cooling of the spun filaments is not necessary and not desired in the process according to the invention. Such means would destroy the high preorientation of the filaments which is desirable here.
A further surprising advantage is that cylinder-symmetrical quenching from the inside to the outside gives in conjunction with the circular slotted diaphragm the same preorientation of the filaments at as low a spinning takeoff speed as 2,600 m/min as is obtainable with transverse quenching only at a spinning takeoff speed of 3,000 m/min.
The subsequent drawing of the filaments spun according to the invention gives high-strength filament yarns or fibers having a low total of elongation and shrinkage and a high dynamic efficiency.
Illustrative embodiment The illustrative embodiment described hereinafter utilizes a spinning apparatus according to the invention (Figure 4).
This apparatus possesses as features essential to the invention a ring spinning nozzle (8) with two concentric circles of a total of 200 spinning bores (3) each situated opposite a gap. The smaller circle of bores has a diameter di of 166 mm and the larger circle of bores has a diameter of 177 mm.
At the center beneath the nozzle there is an 800 mm long quench stick (11) 105 mm in diameter comprising a shell (12) made of sintered metal, the top edge of which is at a distance of 100 mm from the nozzle plate.
At a distance of 70 mm below the nozzle plate there is a circular slotted diaphragm (4) made of a 2 mm thick sheet of VA metal and bearing a 5 mm thick bonded rock wool web. The inner edge of the circular slot has a diameter of 120 mm, and the slot width is 40 mm. The inner part (5) of the diaphragm is attached with a spacer (10) 30 mm in length to the quench stick.
The cooling air is supplied from the side through a flat tube (13) 600 mm in height and 60 mm at its widest point which is tapered towards its upper edge and has been installed on end (see cross-section in Figure 5).
This spinning apparatus is used to spin a polyethylene terephthalate of I.V. 0.90 dl/g, measured in 50/50 o-chlorophenol/phenol at 25C, at a nozzle temperature of " 1 3~61 24 315C into filaments taken off at 2,600 m/min. The spun filaments are gathered together, have a low level of protective twist applied to them and are wound up.
The yarn obtained is then drawn in a ratio of 3.11:1 at a temperature of 265C. The filament yarn thus obtained can be further processed in a conventional manner, for example by plying and texturing or, collected into tow form, by cutting into staple fibers. The filament yarns obtained have the following data:
Titer: 1,440 dtex f 200 Breaking strength: 72 cN/tex Elongation at break: 8.7 Elongation under a load of 54 cN/tex: 6.2 Hot air shrinkage at 200C: 6.4 ~
The filament yarns differ from conventionally produced yarns by excellent, appreciable improved uniformity of the textile data across the yarn.
Claims (13)
1. Spinning apparatus comprising a ring spinning nozzle and a quench stick arranged centrally below the spinning plate at a distance therefrom, wherein a circular slotted diaphragm is arranged between the spinning plate and the top edge of the quench stick.
2. The spinning apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ring slot of the circular slotted diaphragm is similar to the bore-containing ring area of the ring spinning nozzle.
3. The spinning apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bore-containing ring area of the ring spinning nozzle and the ring slot of the circular slotted diaphragm are circular.
4. The spinning apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ring spinning nozzle has 1 to 10 concentric hole circles (2a).
5. The spinning apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein the inner diameter dp of the ring slot is given by dp = (0.5 to 1.0) x di, where di is the diameter of the inner nozzle hole circle.
6. The spinning apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein the slot width s of the ring slot is given by s = (1.0 to 4.5) x (da-di), where di is the diameter of the inner nozzle hole circle and da is the diameter of the outer nozzle hole circle.
7. The spinning apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ring slot diaphragm is attached underneath the spinning plate at a distance Ab = (0.3 to 0.8) x Ak, where Ak is the distance between the spinning plate and the top edge of the quench stick.
8. The spinning apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inner part and the outer part of the circular slotted diaphragm are installed separately in a plane.
9. The spinning apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ring slot diaphragm is made of or covered with a heat-insulating laminated or other material.
10. A process for producing very uniform high-strength polyester yarns of low shrinkage and low elongation, which comprises spinning a fiber-forming polyester by means of the apparatus claimed in claim 1 at a spinning takeoff speed of over 2,000 m/min and further processing of the resulting filaments in the conventional manner immediately thereafter or in a separate step.
11. The process as claimed in claim 10, wherein a polyester having an I.V. of >0.7 dl/g is spun.
12. The process as claimed in claim 10, wherein the spun filaments are drawn immediately thereafter or in a separate step in a conventional manner.
13
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEP3822571.9 | 1988-07-04 | ||
| DE3822571A DE3822571A1 (en) | 1988-07-04 | 1988-07-04 | SPINNING METHOD AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING THEREOF |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1336124C true CA1336124C (en) | 1995-07-04 |
Family
ID=6357908
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000604736A Expired - Fee Related CA1336124C (en) | 1988-07-04 | 1989-07-04 | Spinning process and device for its performance |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0349889B1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1336124C (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3822571A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH678433A5 (en) * | 1989-01-30 | 1991-09-13 | Schweizerische Viscose | |
| DE19821778B4 (en) * | 1998-05-14 | 2004-05-06 | Ems-Inventa Ag | Device and method for producing microfilaments of high titer uniformity from thermoplastic polymers |
| EP1491663A1 (en) * | 2003-06-23 | 2004-12-29 | Nan Ya Plastics Corporation | Manufacturing method of polyester fine denier multifilament and polyester fine denier multifilament yarns |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL271547A (en) * | 1960-11-18 | |||
| BE631629A (en) * | 1962-04-27 | |||
| US3858386A (en) * | 1971-07-06 | 1975-01-07 | Fiber Industries Inc | Polyester yarn production |
| JPS5215615A (en) * | 1975-07-28 | 1977-02-05 | Toray Ind Inc | Melt spinning machine |
| IT1090451B (en) * | 1978-05-24 | 1985-06-26 | Corima Spa | EXTRUSION HEAD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SYNTHETIC YARNS |
| US4414169A (en) * | 1979-02-26 | 1983-11-08 | Fiber Industries, Inc. | Production of polyester filaments of high strength possessing an unusually stable internal structure employing improved processing conditions |
| DE3165354D1 (en) * | 1980-05-13 | 1984-09-13 | Celanese Corp | Process and apparatus for melt spinning filaments in which quench gas and finishing liquid are introduced to the filaments through the fibre pack and spinneret |
| DE3162048D1 (en) * | 1980-10-21 | 1984-03-01 | Fiber Industries Inc | Process of, apparatus for, and filament guide for, producing melt-spun filaments |
| CH667676A5 (en) * | 1985-09-18 | 1988-10-31 | Inventa Ag | DEVICE FOR COOLING AND PREPARING MELT-SPONNED SPINNING MATERIAL. |
-
1988
- 1988-07-04 DE DE3822571A patent/DE3822571A1/en active Granted
-
1989
- 1989-06-28 DE DE8989111728T patent/DE58904249D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-06-28 EP EP89111728A patent/EP0349889B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-07-04 CA CA000604736A patent/CA1336124C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0349889B1 (en) | 1993-05-05 |
| EP0349889A3 (en) | 1990-09-05 |
| DE3822571A1 (en) | 1990-02-01 |
| DE58904249D1 (en) | 1993-06-09 |
| DE3822571C2 (en) | 1990-08-09 |
| EP0349889A2 (en) | 1990-01-10 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKLA | Lapsed |