CA1236538A - Grounding device for flat cable boxes - Google Patents
Grounding device for flat cable boxesInfo
- Publication number
- CA1236538A CA1236538A CA000474902A CA474902A CA1236538A CA 1236538 A CA1236538 A CA 1236538A CA 000474902 A CA000474902 A CA 000474902A CA 474902 A CA474902 A CA 474902A CA 1236538 A CA1236538 A CA 1236538A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- strip
- projection
- conductor
- plate
- insulation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 101100165827 Mus musculus Cables1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 14
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
- H02G3/00—Installations of electric cables or lines or protective tubing therefor in or on buildings, equivalent structures or vehicles
- H02G3/02—Details
- H02G3/08—Distribution boxes; Connection or junction boxes
- H02G3/18—Distribution boxes; Connection or junction boxes providing line outlets
- H02G3/185—Floor outlets and access cups
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
- H01R4/58—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation characterised by the form or material of the contacting members
- H01R4/64—Connections between or with conductive parts having primarily a non-electric function, e.g. frame, casing, rail
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
- H01R4/24—Connections using contact members penetrating or cutting insulation or cable strands
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Installation Of Indoor Wiring (AREA)
- Multi-Conductor Connections (AREA)
- Cable Accessories (AREA)
- Insulated Conductors (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
In a flat cable energy distribution system in which the conductors of the cable are connected to a device in a box, the box is grounded to the ground conductor of the cable by a point extending from the metal base of the box. An insulating bar with a through-hole through which the point extends re-ceives the cable between pairs of projections and an elastic metal strip overlies the cable and is disposed between pairs of such projections. The strip and the bar are secured at their ends to the base by screws which pass through the bar and the strip and which engage the base. When they are so secured, the point pierces the insulation of the ground conductor and engages the conductor, and the strip is elastically deformed causing it to apply pressure to the conductor and thereby causing the latter to press against the point.
In a flat cable energy distribution system in which the conductors of the cable are connected to a device in a box, the box is grounded to the ground conductor of the cable by a point extending from the metal base of the box. An insulating bar with a through-hole through which the point extends re-ceives the cable between pairs of projections and an elastic metal strip overlies the cable and is disposed between pairs of such projections. The strip and the bar are secured at their ends to the base by screws which pass through the bar and the strip and which engage the base. When they are so secured, the point pierces the insulation of the ground conductor and engages the conductor, and the strip is elastically deformed causing it to apply pressure to the conductor and thereby causing the latter to press against the point.
Description
653~
GROUNDING D~VICÆ FOR FLAT cAsLE BOXES
The present invention relates to a box for electric power distributing networks utilizing flat cables which are interposed between a floor, a wall, or the like, and the covering thereof which may be constituted, for exampie, of a textile material.
Moreover, the present invention relates to flat cable, electric power, distributing installations incorporating the boxes of the present invention.
The boxes which are the subject of the invention are fixed to floors, to walls and the like, serve for the housing of accessories of the network utilizing flat cables. For example, these boxes serve the purpose of housing electrical receptacles and for connections between flat cables and round cables, and the like.
These boxes which extend from floors, from walls and the li]~e, are usually made of a metallic material for endowing them with the best mechanical resistance possible against impacts, and for such reason, in order to obviate any risks to the user, an efficient grounding is required for said boxes which must remain effective for relatively long periods of time.
In the boxes which are presently adopted in such networks for distributing energy, the grounding is effectuated through a rigid connection between the base of the box and the neutral conductor of the flat cable.
Since both the boxes and the flat cables are rigidly fixed to the floors or to the walls or the like, the inevitable impacts applied to the boxes, such as by reason of the user 15 treading upon the flat cables when they are applied to a floor, the inevitable vibrations transmitted by the walls or floors to .. ~
lZ36538 7~7-282 the boxes and to the flat cables, as well as the temperature variations in general and those which are generated in the case of any short circuiting, cause, with the passage of time, a looseness in the rigid connection of the grounding devices used for said boxes and the neutral conductor of the flat cab-les connected to them.
This signifies that, after a period of time, the ground-ing efficacy of the boxes becomes reduced thereby giving rise to risks to the users.
One object of the present invention is to eliminate the described drawback of the known boxes in such a way as to ob-tain a constant efficacy, with the passage of time, of the grounding of the boxes onto the neutral conductors of flat cables.
According to one aspect of this invention there is pro-vided a connector for making a conductive connection to a con-ductor of a flat cable, said cable comprising at least one conductor surrounded by insulation, said conductor comprising:
a plate having a projection with at least one point e~-tending from a surface thereof for piercing said insulation and contacting said conductor, said projection having a height above said surface greater than the thickness of the insulation to be pierced;
and elastic strip overlying said plate, said elastic strip having a surface facing said surface of said plate to provide facing surfaces for receiving said cable therebetween;
securing means for securing portions of said strip, spaced lengthwise of said strip from, and at opposite sides of said pointed projection, to said plate, said securing means engag-ing said plate and said strip and applying pressure thereto to press said strip and said plate toward each other; and said facing surfaces being free of projections intermedlate said 1~36538 7487-282 securing means and said projection extending from said facing surfaces which have a height equal to the height of said pro-jection and said strip being bendable with the pressure of said securing means when said cable is between said facing surfaces whereby when said strip is secured to said plate with said flat cable therebetween, said projection pierces said insulation and contacts said conductor and deflects the latter thereby elast-ically bending said surface of said strip away from said sur-face of said plate which urges said conductor against said projection According to another aspect of this invention there is provided a connector for making a conductive connection to a conductor of a flat cable, said cable comprising at least one conductor surrounded by insulation, said connector comprising:
a plate having a pointed projection extending from a surface thereof for piercing said insulation and contacting said conductor, said pointed projection having a height above said surface greater than the thickness of the insulation to be pierced;
an elastic strip overlying said plate; a bar of insulating material intermediate said plate and said strip, said bar hav-ing spaced pairs of aligning projections extending therefrom toward said strip, the aligning projection of each pair being spaced from the aligning projection of the same pair by a dis-tance substantially equal to the width of said strip and one pair of said aligning prcjections being spaced lengthwise of said bar from the other pair of said aligning proiections by a distance .substantially equal to the width of a flat cable to be received by said connector and said bar having a through opening aligned with said pointed projection to permit said ~ pointed projection to extend through said opening; and .,~
~Z3653~ 7487-282 securing means for securing a portion of said strip, spac-ed lengthwise of said strip from said projection, to said pla-te; whereby when said strip is secured to said plate with said flat cable therebetween, said projection pierces said in-sulation and contacts said conductor and deflects the latter thereby elastically bending said strip which urges said con-ductor against said projection.
According to a further aspect of this invention there is provided a connection box for connecting a flat cable to a de-~ice within said box, said cable comprising at least one con-ductor surrounded by insulation, said box comprising:
a base plate having a projection with at least one point extending from a surface thereof for piercing said insulation and contacting said conductor, said projection having a height above said surface greater than the thickness of the insula-tion to be pierced;
a cover for said device overlying said base plate; an elastic strip overlying said base plate, said elastic strip having a surface facing said surface of said plate to provide facing surfaces for receiving said cable therebetween;
securing means for securing portions of said strip, spaced lengthwise of said strip from, and at opposite sides of said projection, to said base plate, said securing means engaging said plate and said strip and applying pressure thereto to press said strip and said plate toward each other; and said facing surfaces being free of projections intermed-iate said securing means and said projections extending from said facing surfaces which have a height e~ual to the height of said projection and said elastic strip being bendable with the pressure of said securing means when said cable is between ~ said facing surfaces; and whereby when said strip is secured to said base plate with said flat cable therebetween, said 3a ~
65;~13 74~7-282 projection pierces said insulation and contacts said conductor and deflects the latter thereby elastically bending said strip which urges said conductor against said projection.
According to another aspect of this invention there is provided a connection box for connecting a flat cable to a device within said box, said cable comprising at least one con-ductor surrounded by insulation, said box comprising:
a base plate having a pointed projection extending from a surface thereof for piercing said insulation and contacting said conductor, said pointed projection having a height above said surface greater than the thickness of the insulation to be pierced;
a cover for said device overlying said base plate; an elastic strip overlying said base plate; and a bar of insulat-ing material intermediate said base plate and said strip, said bar having spaced pairs of aligning projections extending therefrom toward said strip, the aligning projection of each pair being spaced from the aligning projection of the same pair by a distance substan-tially equal to the width of said strip and one pair of said aligning projections being spaced lengthwise of said bar from the other pair of said aligning projections by a distance substantially equal to the width of a flat cable to be received by said connection box and said bar having a through opening aligned with said pointed pro-jection to permit said pointed projection to extend through said opening; and securing means for securing a portion of said strip, spaced lengthwise of said strip from said projection, to said base plate; whereby when said strip is secured to said base -; plate with said flat cable therebetween, said projection pierces said insulation and contacts said conductor and de-flects the latter thereby elastically bending said strip which 3b ~
1~3~538 7487-282 urges said conductor against said projection.
~ ccord~ing to yet another aspect of this invention there is provided in an electrical energy distribution system com-prising a flat cable comprising at least two conductors in side-by-side relation and surrounded by insulation, said flat cable having planar upper and lower surfaces and a connection box receiving a portion of said flat cable and having a cover and a base plate, said flat cable overlying said base plate wherein the improvement comprises:
a pointed projection extending from a surface of said base plate and piercing said insulation and contacting one of said conductors, qaid pointed projection having a height above said surface greater than the thickness of the insulation to be pierced; an elastic strip overlying said base plate; and secur-ing means for securing a portion of said strip, spaced length-wise of said strip from said projection, to said base plate;
whereby said strip is secured to said base plate with said flat cable therebetween, said projection is in conkact with said one of said conductors and said stri.p urges said one of said conductors against said projection.
Other objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of the p.resently preferred embodiments ~hereof, which description should be considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 is a perspective view (with parts cut away) of a box according to the invention; and Figure 2 is an enlarged, exploded view of the preferred form of the means for effectuating the grounding of a box.
Figure 1 illustrates a box for energy distribution net-;i ~.~ works using flat cables. Figure 1 illustrates a floor box 1~36531~
incorporating a receptacle Ishown digramatically) and which also contains the connecting means for connecting the flat cables which penetrate into the box to the terminals of the receptacle.
Although one particular type of box will be described hereinafter, such box is merely illustrative because within the scope of the present invention are the various types of boxes used for the flat cables, energy distributing installa-tions. The present invention includes the installations themselves which are used for distributing electrical energy utilizing flat cables when -they are provided with boxes ac-cording to the present invention.
As can be seen in Fig. 1, the box comprises a metallic base 1, secured to a floor by means of screws or similar means (not shown) which connect said base 1 to the floor by traversing through-holes 2.
The base 1 is surrounded by a floor covering 3 such as, for example, a moquette or similar covering.
Above the base 1, there is a metal lid or cover ~
which is secured to the base 1 in a conventional manner. The lid 4 is provided with an aperture giving access to a receptacle 5. A flat cable 6, disposed between the floor and its floor covering 3, enters into the box between the lid and the base 1 and passes over the base 1.
Conventional means (not shown in the drawing) provide the electrical connections between the conductors of the flat cable 6 and the terminals of the receptacle 5.
At the side of base 1 at which the flat cable 6 enters into the box, there is provided means 7 by which the grounding of the box onto the netural conductor of the flat cable 6, is effectuated. In general terms, the means 7 --~I--lZ3653~
comprises a metallic point extending from the base 1 and a metallic strip which is elastically deformable by said point, superimposed on the latter and fixed at its extremities to the base 1, a flat cable being interposed between the base 1 and the strip.
In Fig. 2, there is shown, in enlarged scale and in an exploded view, the means 7 by which, in the preferred embodi-ment, there is effectuated the grounding of the box -to the neutral conductor of the flat cable otherwise connec-ted to devices contained in the box.
As can be seen in Fig. 2, the means 7 comprises a metallic point 8, or projection with a pointed end, extending from the upper surface of the metallic base 1 of the box, which point 8, in the embodiment shown, is centrally positioned with respect to the side edges la and lb of the base 1 on the as-sumption that the central conductor 21 of the cable 6 is the ground conductor. Of course, if the ground conductor has a different position, the point 8 may have a different, corre-sponding position. Although the point 8 is shown with a pointed end, it may have other shapes as long as it will pene-trate the insulation of the grounded conductor. Also, the point 8 should have a sufficient stiffness and/or size so that when the metal strip 13 is applied, as described hereinafter, the strip 13 will be elastically deflected or bent above the point 8. Preferably, the point 8 has a height above the surface of the plate 7 from which it extends greater than the thickness of the insulation between it and the conductor, such as the conductor 21, to be contacted by the point 8.
At the side of the base 1 which has metallic point 8, there is positioned a small bar 9, or the like, made of an insulating material, for example, a plastic material.
The small bar has a rectangular shape and in a central position, corresponding to the position of the point 8, there is a through-hole 10 for receiving the point 8. The thickness of the bar 9 is less than the height of the point 8 above the surface of the base 1 to permit the extremity of the point 8 to be at a hi~her level than the surface of the bar 9 remote from the base.
Moreover, the bar 9 has, extending from the surface thereof, opposite to the one which faces the base 1, two pairs of aligning projections 11 and 12 which are symmetrically positioned with respect to the through-hole 10.
The distance between the pairs of projections 11 and 12, is substantially equal to the width of the flat cable 6 which is to be inserted into the box. The distance between the projections of each of the pairs 11 and 12 is substantially equal to the width of a thin strip 13 which is e:Lastically deformable by the metallic point 8 extending Erom the base 1.
Preferably, the point 8 does not pierce the conductor 21, and instead, it causes the conductor 21, with the insulation on the surface thereof opposite to the surface thereof engaged by the point 8 to bulge upwardly and deflect the strip 13 at the portion thereof above the point 3. Preferably, the strip 13 is made of metal, such as steel, but it may be made of ot,her materials which have similar elastic properties. The metallic strip 13 is urged at its ends toward the bar 9.
More particularly, both the strip 13 and -the bar 9 are simultaneously secured to the base 1 of the box. For this purpose, at their extremities, the strip 13 and the bar 9 are provided with through-holes 14 and 15, respectively, which are aligned with the threaded holes 16 in the base 1 of the box.
After going through the holes 14 and 15, the screws i53B
17 and 18 can be screwed inside the threaded holes 16, thereby ensuring both the connection of the strip 13 and bar 9 to the box base 1. At the same time, the flat cable 6, which is inter-posed between the strip 13 and the bar 9 is mechanically secured to the box, and the strip 13 is elastically deformed by the point 8, the extremity of the point 8 extending from the through-hole 10 in the bar 9 and engaging the conductor 21 of the cable 6.
A flat cable has three flat conductors, which, for example, are made of copper and are embedded in a layer of insulating material, for example, a plastic material. Of these three conductors, the two outermost ones 19 and 20, usually serve for transporting electrical energy, while the intermediate conductor 21, is the earth or grounded conductor or neutral conductor of the cable 6.
When the flat cable 6 is interposed between the metallic strip 13 and the bar 9, it is kept stably in posi-tion by the pairs of projections 11 and 12 which constitute elements for guiding the flat cable 6 as it enters into the box.
Moreover, the projections 11 and 12 also constitute a means for centering the metallic strip 13 on the bar 9 in view of the fact that (as can be seen in Fig. 2~ the strip 13 is positioned between the pairs of projections 11 and 12.
When the strip 13, the bar 9 and the base 1 are all connected to the flat cable 6, which is inter.posed between strip 13 and bar 9, the metallic point 8, extending from the base 1 of the box, is received in the through-hole 10, and its extremity, which is furthermos-t from the base 1, is at a higher level than the side of bar 9 which faces the strip 13. In this way, after haviny perforated the insulation of the ground conductor 21, the point 8 i5 in contact with the conductor 21 ~36531~
and, at the same time, causes an elastic deformation of the strip 13 which applies an elastic pressure to conductor 21 urging it toward the point 8.
The elastic pressure, exerted by the strip 13 not only maintains a contact between the point 8 and the conductor 21, even when strains of any whatsoever origin are transmitted to them try to cause a relative shifting, but also provides a beneficial effect with said strains because any small relative shiftings, in the presence of a permanent contact between the point 8 and the conductor 21 which is assured by the action of the strip 13 on the conductar 21, cause a relative sliding between the point 8 and the conductor 21 removing any metallic oxides which may have formed between the latter two elements with the passage of time.
In this manner, the grounding of a box onto the neutral conductor of a cable is maintained reliable with time thereby obviating any risks arising for the users oE these boxes or of the electric installations for distributing electric power by flat cables which incorporate boxes grounded according to the invention.
Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described and illustrated, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications may be made without departing from the principles of the invention.
GROUNDING D~VICÆ FOR FLAT cAsLE BOXES
The present invention relates to a box for electric power distributing networks utilizing flat cables which are interposed between a floor, a wall, or the like, and the covering thereof which may be constituted, for exampie, of a textile material.
Moreover, the present invention relates to flat cable, electric power, distributing installations incorporating the boxes of the present invention.
The boxes which are the subject of the invention are fixed to floors, to walls and the like, serve for the housing of accessories of the network utilizing flat cables. For example, these boxes serve the purpose of housing electrical receptacles and for connections between flat cables and round cables, and the like.
These boxes which extend from floors, from walls and the li]~e, are usually made of a metallic material for endowing them with the best mechanical resistance possible against impacts, and for such reason, in order to obviate any risks to the user, an efficient grounding is required for said boxes which must remain effective for relatively long periods of time.
In the boxes which are presently adopted in such networks for distributing energy, the grounding is effectuated through a rigid connection between the base of the box and the neutral conductor of the flat cable.
Since both the boxes and the flat cables are rigidly fixed to the floors or to the walls or the like, the inevitable impacts applied to the boxes, such as by reason of the user 15 treading upon the flat cables when they are applied to a floor, the inevitable vibrations transmitted by the walls or floors to .. ~
lZ36538 7~7-282 the boxes and to the flat cables, as well as the temperature variations in general and those which are generated in the case of any short circuiting, cause, with the passage of time, a looseness in the rigid connection of the grounding devices used for said boxes and the neutral conductor of the flat cab-les connected to them.
This signifies that, after a period of time, the ground-ing efficacy of the boxes becomes reduced thereby giving rise to risks to the users.
One object of the present invention is to eliminate the described drawback of the known boxes in such a way as to ob-tain a constant efficacy, with the passage of time, of the grounding of the boxes onto the neutral conductors of flat cables.
According to one aspect of this invention there is pro-vided a connector for making a conductive connection to a con-ductor of a flat cable, said cable comprising at least one conductor surrounded by insulation, said conductor comprising:
a plate having a projection with at least one point e~-tending from a surface thereof for piercing said insulation and contacting said conductor, said projection having a height above said surface greater than the thickness of the insulation to be pierced;
and elastic strip overlying said plate, said elastic strip having a surface facing said surface of said plate to provide facing surfaces for receiving said cable therebetween;
securing means for securing portions of said strip, spaced lengthwise of said strip from, and at opposite sides of said pointed projection, to said plate, said securing means engag-ing said plate and said strip and applying pressure thereto to press said strip and said plate toward each other; and said facing surfaces being free of projections intermedlate said 1~36538 7487-282 securing means and said projection extending from said facing surfaces which have a height equal to the height of said pro-jection and said strip being bendable with the pressure of said securing means when said cable is between said facing surfaces whereby when said strip is secured to said plate with said flat cable therebetween, said projection pierces said insulation and contacts said conductor and deflects the latter thereby elast-ically bending said surface of said strip away from said sur-face of said plate which urges said conductor against said projection According to another aspect of this invention there is provided a connector for making a conductive connection to a conductor of a flat cable, said cable comprising at least one conductor surrounded by insulation, said connector comprising:
a plate having a pointed projection extending from a surface thereof for piercing said insulation and contacting said conductor, said pointed projection having a height above said surface greater than the thickness of the insulation to be pierced;
an elastic strip overlying said plate; a bar of insulating material intermediate said plate and said strip, said bar hav-ing spaced pairs of aligning projections extending therefrom toward said strip, the aligning projection of each pair being spaced from the aligning projection of the same pair by a dis-tance substantially equal to the width of said strip and one pair of said aligning prcjections being spaced lengthwise of said bar from the other pair of said aligning proiections by a distance .substantially equal to the width of a flat cable to be received by said connector and said bar having a through opening aligned with said pointed projection to permit said ~ pointed projection to extend through said opening; and .,~
~Z3653~ 7487-282 securing means for securing a portion of said strip, spac-ed lengthwise of said strip from said projection, to said pla-te; whereby when said strip is secured to said plate with said flat cable therebetween, said projection pierces said in-sulation and contacts said conductor and deflects the latter thereby elastically bending said strip which urges said con-ductor against said projection.
According to a further aspect of this invention there is provided a connection box for connecting a flat cable to a de-~ice within said box, said cable comprising at least one con-ductor surrounded by insulation, said box comprising:
a base plate having a projection with at least one point extending from a surface thereof for piercing said insulation and contacting said conductor, said projection having a height above said surface greater than the thickness of the insula-tion to be pierced;
a cover for said device overlying said base plate; an elastic strip overlying said base plate, said elastic strip having a surface facing said surface of said plate to provide facing surfaces for receiving said cable therebetween;
securing means for securing portions of said strip, spaced lengthwise of said strip from, and at opposite sides of said projection, to said base plate, said securing means engaging said plate and said strip and applying pressure thereto to press said strip and said plate toward each other; and said facing surfaces being free of projections intermed-iate said securing means and said projections extending from said facing surfaces which have a height e~ual to the height of said projection and said elastic strip being bendable with the pressure of said securing means when said cable is between ~ said facing surfaces; and whereby when said strip is secured to said base plate with said flat cable therebetween, said 3a ~
65;~13 74~7-282 projection pierces said insulation and contacts said conductor and deflects the latter thereby elastically bending said strip which urges said conductor against said projection.
According to another aspect of this invention there is provided a connection box for connecting a flat cable to a device within said box, said cable comprising at least one con-ductor surrounded by insulation, said box comprising:
a base plate having a pointed projection extending from a surface thereof for piercing said insulation and contacting said conductor, said pointed projection having a height above said surface greater than the thickness of the insulation to be pierced;
a cover for said device overlying said base plate; an elastic strip overlying said base plate; and a bar of insulat-ing material intermediate said base plate and said strip, said bar having spaced pairs of aligning projections extending therefrom toward said strip, the aligning projection of each pair being spaced from the aligning projection of the same pair by a distance substan-tially equal to the width of said strip and one pair of said aligning projections being spaced lengthwise of said bar from the other pair of said aligning projections by a distance substantially equal to the width of a flat cable to be received by said connection box and said bar having a through opening aligned with said pointed pro-jection to permit said pointed projection to extend through said opening; and securing means for securing a portion of said strip, spaced lengthwise of said strip from said projection, to said base plate; whereby when said strip is secured to said base -; plate with said flat cable therebetween, said projection pierces said insulation and contacts said conductor and de-flects the latter thereby elastically bending said strip which 3b ~
1~3~538 7487-282 urges said conductor against said projection.
~ ccord~ing to yet another aspect of this invention there is provided in an electrical energy distribution system com-prising a flat cable comprising at least two conductors in side-by-side relation and surrounded by insulation, said flat cable having planar upper and lower surfaces and a connection box receiving a portion of said flat cable and having a cover and a base plate, said flat cable overlying said base plate wherein the improvement comprises:
a pointed projection extending from a surface of said base plate and piercing said insulation and contacting one of said conductors, qaid pointed projection having a height above said surface greater than the thickness of the insulation to be pierced; an elastic strip overlying said base plate; and secur-ing means for securing a portion of said strip, spaced length-wise of said strip from said projection, to said base plate;
whereby said strip is secured to said base plate with said flat cable therebetween, said projection is in conkact with said one of said conductors and said stri.p urges said one of said conductors against said projection.
Other objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of the p.resently preferred embodiments ~hereof, which description should be considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 is a perspective view (with parts cut away) of a box according to the invention; and Figure 2 is an enlarged, exploded view of the preferred form of the means for effectuating the grounding of a box.
Figure 1 illustrates a box for energy distribution net-;i ~.~ works using flat cables. Figure 1 illustrates a floor box 1~36531~
incorporating a receptacle Ishown digramatically) and which also contains the connecting means for connecting the flat cables which penetrate into the box to the terminals of the receptacle.
Although one particular type of box will be described hereinafter, such box is merely illustrative because within the scope of the present invention are the various types of boxes used for the flat cables, energy distributing installa-tions. The present invention includes the installations themselves which are used for distributing electrical energy utilizing flat cables when -they are provided with boxes ac-cording to the present invention.
As can be seen in Fig. 1, the box comprises a metallic base 1, secured to a floor by means of screws or similar means (not shown) which connect said base 1 to the floor by traversing through-holes 2.
The base 1 is surrounded by a floor covering 3 such as, for example, a moquette or similar covering.
Above the base 1, there is a metal lid or cover ~
which is secured to the base 1 in a conventional manner. The lid 4 is provided with an aperture giving access to a receptacle 5. A flat cable 6, disposed between the floor and its floor covering 3, enters into the box between the lid and the base 1 and passes over the base 1.
Conventional means (not shown in the drawing) provide the electrical connections between the conductors of the flat cable 6 and the terminals of the receptacle 5.
At the side of base 1 at which the flat cable 6 enters into the box, there is provided means 7 by which the grounding of the box onto the netural conductor of the flat cable 6, is effectuated. In general terms, the means 7 --~I--lZ3653~
comprises a metallic point extending from the base 1 and a metallic strip which is elastically deformable by said point, superimposed on the latter and fixed at its extremities to the base 1, a flat cable being interposed between the base 1 and the strip.
In Fig. 2, there is shown, in enlarged scale and in an exploded view, the means 7 by which, in the preferred embodi-ment, there is effectuated the grounding of the box -to the neutral conductor of the flat cable otherwise connec-ted to devices contained in the box.
As can be seen in Fig. 2, the means 7 comprises a metallic point 8, or projection with a pointed end, extending from the upper surface of the metallic base 1 of the box, which point 8, in the embodiment shown, is centrally positioned with respect to the side edges la and lb of the base 1 on the as-sumption that the central conductor 21 of the cable 6 is the ground conductor. Of course, if the ground conductor has a different position, the point 8 may have a different, corre-sponding position. Although the point 8 is shown with a pointed end, it may have other shapes as long as it will pene-trate the insulation of the grounded conductor. Also, the point 8 should have a sufficient stiffness and/or size so that when the metal strip 13 is applied, as described hereinafter, the strip 13 will be elastically deflected or bent above the point 8. Preferably, the point 8 has a height above the surface of the plate 7 from which it extends greater than the thickness of the insulation between it and the conductor, such as the conductor 21, to be contacted by the point 8.
At the side of the base 1 which has metallic point 8, there is positioned a small bar 9, or the like, made of an insulating material, for example, a plastic material.
The small bar has a rectangular shape and in a central position, corresponding to the position of the point 8, there is a through-hole 10 for receiving the point 8. The thickness of the bar 9 is less than the height of the point 8 above the surface of the base 1 to permit the extremity of the point 8 to be at a hi~her level than the surface of the bar 9 remote from the base.
Moreover, the bar 9 has, extending from the surface thereof, opposite to the one which faces the base 1, two pairs of aligning projections 11 and 12 which are symmetrically positioned with respect to the through-hole 10.
The distance between the pairs of projections 11 and 12, is substantially equal to the width of the flat cable 6 which is to be inserted into the box. The distance between the projections of each of the pairs 11 and 12 is substantially equal to the width of a thin strip 13 which is e:Lastically deformable by the metallic point 8 extending Erom the base 1.
Preferably, the point 8 does not pierce the conductor 21, and instead, it causes the conductor 21, with the insulation on the surface thereof opposite to the surface thereof engaged by the point 8 to bulge upwardly and deflect the strip 13 at the portion thereof above the point 3. Preferably, the strip 13 is made of metal, such as steel, but it may be made of ot,her materials which have similar elastic properties. The metallic strip 13 is urged at its ends toward the bar 9.
More particularly, both the strip 13 and -the bar 9 are simultaneously secured to the base 1 of the box. For this purpose, at their extremities, the strip 13 and the bar 9 are provided with through-holes 14 and 15, respectively, which are aligned with the threaded holes 16 in the base 1 of the box.
After going through the holes 14 and 15, the screws i53B
17 and 18 can be screwed inside the threaded holes 16, thereby ensuring both the connection of the strip 13 and bar 9 to the box base 1. At the same time, the flat cable 6, which is inter-posed between the strip 13 and the bar 9 is mechanically secured to the box, and the strip 13 is elastically deformed by the point 8, the extremity of the point 8 extending from the through-hole 10 in the bar 9 and engaging the conductor 21 of the cable 6.
A flat cable has three flat conductors, which, for example, are made of copper and are embedded in a layer of insulating material, for example, a plastic material. Of these three conductors, the two outermost ones 19 and 20, usually serve for transporting electrical energy, while the intermediate conductor 21, is the earth or grounded conductor or neutral conductor of the cable 6.
When the flat cable 6 is interposed between the metallic strip 13 and the bar 9, it is kept stably in posi-tion by the pairs of projections 11 and 12 which constitute elements for guiding the flat cable 6 as it enters into the box.
Moreover, the projections 11 and 12 also constitute a means for centering the metallic strip 13 on the bar 9 in view of the fact that (as can be seen in Fig. 2~ the strip 13 is positioned between the pairs of projections 11 and 12.
When the strip 13, the bar 9 and the base 1 are all connected to the flat cable 6, which is inter.posed between strip 13 and bar 9, the metallic point 8, extending from the base 1 of the box, is received in the through-hole 10, and its extremity, which is furthermos-t from the base 1, is at a higher level than the side of bar 9 which faces the strip 13. In this way, after haviny perforated the insulation of the ground conductor 21, the point 8 i5 in contact with the conductor 21 ~36531~
and, at the same time, causes an elastic deformation of the strip 13 which applies an elastic pressure to conductor 21 urging it toward the point 8.
The elastic pressure, exerted by the strip 13 not only maintains a contact between the point 8 and the conductor 21, even when strains of any whatsoever origin are transmitted to them try to cause a relative shifting, but also provides a beneficial effect with said strains because any small relative shiftings, in the presence of a permanent contact between the point 8 and the conductor 21 which is assured by the action of the strip 13 on the conductar 21, cause a relative sliding between the point 8 and the conductor 21 removing any metallic oxides which may have formed between the latter two elements with the passage of time.
In this manner, the grounding of a box onto the neutral conductor of a cable is maintained reliable with time thereby obviating any risks arising for the users oE these boxes or of the electric installations for distributing electric power by flat cables which incorporate boxes grounded according to the invention.
Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described and illustrated, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications may be made without departing from the principles of the invention.
Claims (21)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A connector for making a conductive connection to a conductor of a flat cable, said cable comprising at least one conductor surrounded by insulation, said conductor comprising:
a plate having a projection with at least one point extending from a surface thereof for piercing said insulation and contacting said conductor, said projection having a height above said surface greater than the thickness of the insulation to be pierced;
an elastic strip overlying said plate, said elastic strip having a surface facing said surface of said plate to provide facing surfaces for receiving said cable therebetween;
securing means for securing portions of said strip, spaced lengthwise of said strip from, and at opposite sides of said pointed projection, to said plate, said securing means engaging said plate and said strip and applying pressure thereto to press said strip and said plate toward each other; and said facing surfaces being free of projections intermediate said securing means and said projection extending from said facing surfaces which have a height equal to the height of said projection and said strip being bendable with the pressure of said securing means when said cable is between said facing surfaces whereby when said strip is secured to said plate with said flat cable therebetween, said projection pierces said insulation and contacts said conductor and deflects the latter thereby elastically bending said surface of said strip away from said surface of said plate which urges said conductor against said projection.
a plate having a projection with at least one point extending from a surface thereof for piercing said insulation and contacting said conductor, said projection having a height above said surface greater than the thickness of the insulation to be pierced;
an elastic strip overlying said plate, said elastic strip having a surface facing said surface of said plate to provide facing surfaces for receiving said cable therebetween;
securing means for securing portions of said strip, spaced lengthwise of said strip from, and at opposite sides of said pointed projection, to said plate, said securing means engaging said plate and said strip and applying pressure thereto to press said strip and said plate toward each other; and said facing surfaces being free of projections intermediate said securing means and said projection extending from said facing surfaces which have a height equal to the height of said projection and said strip being bendable with the pressure of said securing means when said cable is between said facing surfaces whereby when said strip is secured to said plate with said flat cable therebetween, said projection pierces said insulation and contacts said conductor and deflects the latter thereby elastically bending said surface of said strip away from said surface of said plate which urges said conductor against said projection.
2. A connector as set forth in claim 1 wherein said strip is made of metal and extends at opposite sides of said projection and said securing means comprises a pair of means, one at one end of said strip and the other at the other end of said strip.
3. A connector for making a conductive connection to a conductor of a flat cable, said cable comprising at least one conductor surrounded by insulation, said connector comprising:
a plate having a pointed projection extending from a surface thereof for piercing said insulation and contacting said conductor, said pointed pro-jection having a height above said surface greater than the thickness of the insulation to be pierced;
an elastic strip overlying said plate;
a bar of insulating material intermediate said plate and said strip, said bar having spaced pairs of aligning projections extending therefrom toward said strip, the aligning projection of each pair being spaced from the aligning projection of the same pair by a distance substantially equal to the width of said strip and one pair of said aligning projections being spaced lengthwise of said bar from the other pair of said aligning projections by a distance substantially equal to the width of a flat cable to be received by said connector and said bar having a through opening aligned with said pointed projection to permit said pointed projection to extend through said opening; and securing means for securing a portion of said strip, spaced lengthwise of said strip from said projection, to said plate;
whereby when said strip is secured to said plate with said flat cable therebetween, said projection pierces said insulation and contacts said conductor and deflects the latter thereby elastically bending said strip which urges said conductor against said projection.
a plate having a pointed projection extending from a surface thereof for piercing said insulation and contacting said conductor, said pointed pro-jection having a height above said surface greater than the thickness of the insulation to be pierced;
an elastic strip overlying said plate;
a bar of insulating material intermediate said plate and said strip, said bar having spaced pairs of aligning projections extending therefrom toward said strip, the aligning projection of each pair being spaced from the aligning projection of the same pair by a distance substantially equal to the width of said strip and one pair of said aligning projections being spaced lengthwise of said bar from the other pair of said aligning projections by a distance substantially equal to the width of a flat cable to be received by said connector and said bar having a through opening aligned with said pointed projection to permit said pointed projection to extend through said opening; and securing means for securing a portion of said strip, spaced lengthwise of said strip from said projection, to said plate;
whereby when said strip is secured to said plate with said flat cable therebetween, said projection pierces said insulation and contacts said conductor and deflects the latter thereby elastically bending said strip which urges said conductor against said projection.
4. A connector as set forth in claim 3 wherein said strip is made of metal and extends at opposite sides of said projection and said securing means comprises a pair of means, one at one end of said strip and the other at the other end of said strip.
5. A connector as set forth in claim 4 whrein said strip and said bar have aligned openings at their ends and said securing means comprises screws passing through said openings and engaging said plate.
6. A connector as set forth in claim 5 wherein said plate has holes with threaded walls for receiving said screws.
7. A connection box for connecting a flat cable to a device within said box, said cable comprising at least one conductor surrounded by insulation, said box comprising:
a base plate having a projection with at least one point extending from a surface thereof for piercing said insulation and contacting said conductor, said projection having a height above said surface greater than the thickness of the insulation to be pierced;
a cover for said device overlying said base plate;
an elastic strip overlying said base plate, said elastic strip having a surface facing said surface of said plate to provide facing surfaces for receiving said cable therebetween;
securing means for securing portions of said strip, spaced lengthwise of said strip from, and at opposite sides of said projection, to said base plate, said securing means engaging said plate and said strip and applying pressure thereto to press said strip and said plate toward each other; and said facing surfaces being free of projections intermediate said securing means and said projections extending from said facing surfaces which have a height equal to the height of said projection and said elastic strip being bendable with the pressure of said securing means when said cable is between said facing surfaces; and whereby when said strip is secured to said base plate with said flat cable therebetween, said projection pierces said insulation and contacts said conductor and deflects the latter thereby elastically bending said strip which urges said conductor against said projection.
a base plate having a projection with at least one point extending from a surface thereof for piercing said insulation and contacting said conductor, said projection having a height above said surface greater than the thickness of the insulation to be pierced;
a cover for said device overlying said base plate;
an elastic strip overlying said base plate, said elastic strip having a surface facing said surface of said plate to provide facing surfaces for receiving said cable therebetween;
securing means for securing portions of said strip, spaced lengthwise of said strip from, and at opposite sides of said projection, to said base plate, said securing means engaging said plate and said strip and applying pressure thereto to press said strip and said plate toward each other; and said facing surfaces being free of projections intermediate said securing means and said projections extending from said facing surfaces which have a height equal to the height of said projection and said elastic strip being bendable with the pressure of said securing means when said cable is between said facing surfaces; and whereby when said strip is secured to said base plate with said flat cable therebetween, said projection pierces said insulation and contacts said conductor and deflects the latter thereby elastically bending said strip which urges said conductor against said projection.
8. A connection box as set forth in claim 7 wherein said strip is made of metal and extends at opposite sides of said projection and said securing means comprises a pair of means, one at one end of said strip and the other at the other end of said strip.
9. A connection box for connecting a flat cable to a device within said box, said cable comprising at least one conductor surrounded by insulation, said box comprising:
a base plate having a pointed projection extending from a surface thereof e or piercing said insulation and contacting said conductor, said pointed projection having a height above said surface greater than the thickness of the insulation to be pierced;
a cover for said device overlying said base plate;
an elastic strip overlying said base plate; and a bar of insulating material intermediate said base plate and said strip, said bar having spaced pairs of aligning projections extending therefrom toward said strip, the aligning projection of each pair being spaced from the aligning projection of the same pair by a distance substantially equal to the width of said strip and one pair of said aligning projections being spaced lengthwise of said bar from the other pair of said aligning projections by a distance substantially equal to the width of a flat cable to be received by said connection box and said bar having a through opening aligned with said pointed projection to permit said pointed projection to extend through said opening; and securing means for securing a portion of said strip, spaced lengthwise of said strip from said projection, to said base plate;
whereby when said strip is secured to said base plate with said flat cable therebetween, said projection pierces said insulation and contacts said conductor and deflects the latter thereby elastically bending said strip which urges said conductor against said projection.
a base plate having a pointed projection extending from a surface thereof e or piercing said insulation and contacting said conductor, said pointed projection having a height above said surface greater than the thickness of the insulation to be pierced;
a cover for said device overlying said base plate;
an elastic strip overlying said base plate; and a bar of insulating material intermediate said base plate and said strip, said bar having spaced pairs of aligning projections extending therefrom toward said strip, the aligning projection of each pair being spaced from the aligning projection of the same pair by a distance substantially equal to the width of said strip and one pair of said aligning projections being spaced lengthwise of said bar from the other pair of said aligning projections by a distance substantially equal to the width of a flat cable to be received by said connection box and said bar having a through opening aligned with said pointed projection to permit said pointed projection to extend through said opening; and securing means for securing a portion of said strip, spaced lengthwise of said strip from said projection, to said base plate;
whereby when said strip is secured to said base plate with said flat cable therebetween, said projection pierces said insulation and contacts said conductor and deflects the latter thereby elastically bending said strip which urges said conductor against said projection.
10. A connection box as set forth in claim 9 wherein said strip is made of metal and extends at opposite sides of said projection and said securing means comprises a pair of means, one at one end of said strip and the other at the other end of said strip.
11. A connection box as set forth in claim 9 wherein said strip and said bar have aligned openings at their ends and said securing means comprises screws passing through said openings and engaging said base plate.
12. A connection box as set forth in claim 11 wherein said base plate has holes with threaded walls for receiving said screws.
13. In an electrical energy distribution system comprising a flat cable comprising at least two conductors in side-by-side relation and surrounded by insulation, said flat cable having planar upper and lower surfaces and a connection box receiving a portion of said flat cable and having a cover and a base plate, said flat cable overlying said base plate wherein the improvement comprises:
a pointed projection extending from a surface of said base plate and piercing said insulation and contacting one of said conductors, said pointed projection having a height above said surface greater than the thickness of the insulation to be pierced;
an elastic strip overlying said base plate; and securing means for securing a portion of said strip, spaced lengthwise of said strip from said projection, to said base plate;
whereby said strip is secured to said base plate with said flat cable therebetween, said projection is in contact with said one of said conductors and said strip urges said one of said conductors against said projection.
a pointed projection extending from a surface of said base plate and piercing said insulation and contacting one of said conductors, said pointed projection having a height above said surface greater than the thickness of the insulation to be pierced;
an elastic strip overlying said base plate; and securing means for securing a portion of said strip, spaced lengthwise of said strip from said projection, to said base plate;
whereby said strip is secured to said base plate with said flat cable therebetween, said projection is in contact with said one of said conductors and said strip urges said one of said conductors against said projection.
14. An electrical energy distribution system as set forth in claim 13 wherein said strip is made of metal and extends at opposite sides of said projection and said securing means comprises a pair of means, one at one end of said strip and the other at the other end of said strip.
15. An electrical energy distribution system as set forth in claim 13 further comprising a bar of insulating material intermediate said flat cable and said base plate, said bar having spaced pairs of aligning projections extending therefrom toward said strip, the aligning projection of each pair being spaced from the aligning projection of the same pair by a distance substantially equal to the width of said strip and said strip being therebetween and one pair of said aligning projections being spaced lengthwise of said bar from the other pair of said aligning projections by a distance substantially equal to the width of the flat cable and said one pair of aligning projections being at one side of said flat cable and said other part of aligning projections being at the other side of said flat cable and said bar having a through opening aligned with said pointed projection and said pointed projection extending through said opening.
16. An electrical energy distribution system as set forth in claim 15 wherein said strip and said bar have aligned openings at their ends and said securing means comprises screws passing through said openings and engaging said plate.
17. An electrical energy distribution system as set forth in claim 16 wherein said plate has holes with threaded walls for receiving said screws.
18. A connector as set forth in claim 1 wherein said surface of said elastic strip lies in a rectilinear plane in the absence of said cable between said facing surfaces.
19. A connector as set forth in claim 18 wherein said surface of said elastic strip is smooth.
20. A connection box as set forth in claim 7 wherein said surface of said elastic strip lies in a rectilinear plane in the absence of said cable between said e acing surfaces.
21. A connection box as set-forth in claim 20 wherein said surface of said elastic strip is smooth.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT19843/84A IT1173402B (en) | 1984-02-29 | 1984-02-29 | BOXES FOR FLAT CABLE ENERGY DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS AND BUILT-IN INSTALLATIONS SAID BOXES |
| IT19843A/84 | 1984-02-29 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1236538A true CA1236538A (en) | 1988-05-10 |
Family
ID=11161731
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000474902A Expired CA1236538A (en) | 1984-02-29 | 1985-02-22 | Grounding device for flat cable boxes |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU578450B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8500841A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1236538A (en) |
| ES (1) | ES285348Y (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2560453A1 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1173402B (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ211134A (en) |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1478871A (en) * | 1973-10-05 | 1977-07-06 | Amp Inc | Electrical terminal |
| US4027941A (en) * | 1976-11-01 | 1977-06-07 | Thomas & Betts Corporation | Termination method and apparatus for flat flexible cable |
| US4192062A (en) * | 1978-06-08 | 1980-03-11 | Western Electric Company, Inc. | Terminating flat flexible cables |
| US4240688A (en) * | 1979-10-01 | 1980-12-23 | Amp Incorporated | Floor fixture |
-
1984
- 1984-02-29 IT IT19843/84A patent/IT1173402B/en active
-
1985
- 1985-02-13 FR FR8502050A patent/FR2560453A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1985-02-14 AU AU38721/85A patent/AU578450B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1985-02-15 NZ NZ211134A patent/NZ211134A/en unknown
- 1985-02-22 CA CA000474902A patent/CA1236538A/en not_active Expired
- 1985-02-22 BR BR8500841A patent/BR8500841A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-02-28 ES ES1985285348U patent/ES285348Y/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT1173402B (en) | 1987-06-24 |
| BR8500841A (en) | 1985-10-15 |
| AU578450B2 (en) | 1988-10-27 |
| ES285348Y (en) | 1986-07-16 |
| AU3872185A (en) | 1985-09-05 |
| IT8419843A0 (en) | 1984-02-29 |
| ES285348U (en) | 1985-12-16 |
| NZ211134A (en) | 1989-01-06 |
| FR2560453A1 (en) | 1985-08-30 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |