CA1236161A - Metal supported seals for galvanic cells - Google Patents
Metal supported seals for galvanic cellsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1236161A CA1236161A CA000466034A CA466034A CA1236161A CA 1236161 A CA1236161 A CA 1236161A CA 000466034 A CA000466034 A CA 000466034A CA 466034 A CA466034 A CA 466034A CA 1236161 A CA1236161 A CA 1236161A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- thermoplastic body
- disc
- molded thermoplastic
- cell
- assembly
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims 40
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims 40
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 53
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000282320 Panthera leo Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000429017 Pectis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000950638 Symphysodon discus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000153282 Theope Species 0.000 description 1
- 210000003719 b-lymphocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- OYFJQPXVCSSHAI-QFPUQLAESA-N enalapril maleate Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O.C([C@@H](C(=O)OCC)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(O)=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 OYFJQPXVCSSHAI-QFPUQLAESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002655 kraft paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000002020 sage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 101150074714 thiD gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/342—Non-re-sealable arrangements
- H01M50/3425—Non-re-sealable arrangements in the form of rupturable membranes or weakened parts, e.g. pierced with the aid of a sharp member
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/147—Lids or covers
- H01M50/148—Lids or covers characterised by their shape
- H01M50/154—Lid or cover comprising an axial bore for receiving a central current collector
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
- Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)
- Primary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
METAL SUPPORTED SEALS FOR GALVANIC CELLS
ABSTRACT
In a sealed cell having an anode, a cathode, and a cylindrical can into which the principal components of the cell are assembled, a sealing and insulating plastic member (seal) is provided at the open end of the can, and is held in sealing relationship with the can by a crimp forced over the top edge thereof. The seal may be formed so as to have a downwardly depending skirt in its lower portion; generally in the manner of a plurality of leg-like projections, usually three. Across the upper surface of the member, and over an upwardly directed and centrally located nail boss in the upper surface, there is placed a metal disc having a centrally located opening which is in interference fit with the outside periphery of the nail boss, and having a passage formd therein for pressure equalization of the space between the plastic body and the metal disc to the outside of the cell. There is an upwardly extending skirt formed around the outer periphery of the member. The seal and insulating member may be snap-fitted into either a stepped can or a beaded can.
ABSTRACT
In a sealed cell having an anode, a cathode, and a cylindrical can into which the principal components of the cell are assembled, a sealing and insulating plastic member (seal) is provided at the open end of the can, and is held in sealing relationship with the can by a crimp forced over the top edge thereof. The seal may be formed so as to have a downwardly depending skirt in its lower portion; generally in the manner of a plurality of leg-like projections, usually three. Across the upper surface of the member, and over an upwardly directed and centrally located nail boss in the upper surface, there is placed a metal disc having a centrally located opening which is in interference fit with the outside periphery of the nail boss, and having a passage formd therein for pressure equalization of the space between the plastic body and the metal disc to the outside of the cell. There is an upwardly extending skirt formed around the outer periphery of the member. The seal and insulating member may be snap-fitted into either a stepped can or a beaded can.
Description
36~
FIELD OF T~E INVENTION:
This inventioo rel~te6 to sesled gslvanic cell~, ~uch as prinary ~lkaliDe cells and otherg, and particularly relates to a ~ealing aDd insulating member, hereinafter referred ~o a8 6eal~, for such cell~. A seal ~ccording to the present invention may have a snap-iD fitment to ehe cathode can for the cell, and may have a rupturable vent membrane formed tberein, a6 required.
Over the upper surface of the seal there i~ a metal disc, who~e purp~e, among others, i8 to serve to a~nre that a peripheral 10 grommet-or Bkirt portion of the plaatic co~ponent of the ~ealing Rnd insulating member i8 maintained in place AB a ~a6ket bet~eeD the outer periphery of the disc and the inside surface of the can, thereby B0 as to maintain the seal ~ithin the caD durLng and after temperature ~ycling. The disc is in interference, or ~snap-in" fit ~ith the nail boss formed in the upper surface of the ~ealing snd insulating member. Other purpo~es for the disc include the ability to ab~rb crimping lS forces, and to serve a~ 8 ~sfety shield sbove the vent membrane.
BACRGRO~ND OF T~E INVENTION:
The general con6truction of a ~esled, cylindrical cell i~ such that it~
priGcipal components, a~ ~node s~d a cathode, are as~embled înto a can, together ~ith tbe RpprOpriate separators, electrolyte, e~c., and the cell i8 then clo6ed by a xeal placed in the open end of the can. The ~eal prerludes el~ctrolyte leskage fr~m the cell, and insulate~ the electrode cont~cts of the cell from each otber.
A seal ~ill desirably also permit hydrogen gas permeatioo from the cPll B0 as to reduce pressure build-up ~ithin the cell~ and yet al~o tn inhibit moisture gain or 10~6, and oYygen or carbon dioxide infiltration into the cell. Still further, the seal i8 u~ually maDufactured ~ith a molded in membrane or thiD section ~o ~ to ~ssure thst the ~ell will vent under certain condition6 ~ben hiBh ga~ pre~sure buildup within the cell msy occur, and to preclude rupture of the cell.
~;2;~
The ~bility of sesling and insulsting members 6erve the purpo~e6 and functions of sealing snd in~ulating sealed galvanic cellg, may be very often determiDed simplg by appropriate testing ~ethods, ~hereby a number of cellr may be ~ubjected to di~chsrge and ch~rging tert6, cycling, high or lc~ temper~ture longlife storsge testing, and 80 on. So~e 3eal~ may pa~r, certr9in of the test~
very well, but be 60me~hat ler,s concistent on other te~t~., and although nearly all of the testr are quite extreme, they are indicative of the kinds of u6e and abuse ~ondition~ that may e~i~t in the field. Many commercially used sealiDg and insulatiDg member~ for cell6 have pa~red many te6t8, but the provision of 10 sealing ~nd insulating members that can pass 811 of tbe te~ts con~i~tently, and ~t the same tLme permit iDfitallation of more sctive material i~ the cell, provide~ greater a~6ursnce of con~istent performance in the field. Moreover, as will be discu~sed hereaf~er, considerable economieB of supply and manufacture may be effected by the pre~ent invention.
The present invention is directed to~ard sesl6 which m&y be rnsp-fitted or sDap-fittsble when placed in cell~ witb assurance thst tbey ~ill remain in place, even on high ~peed cell ar9sembly lines. Noreover, the present invention provide~ r,e~ls ~bat are r9upported by a ~etnl disc, providing a s~roDger ~tructur~, and which may be es~ily snd inexpensively manufactured, aDd al80 20 which provide for the placement of greater amount6 of active materi~l in the cell BO B~ to have longer shelf and/or ~ervice life.
The prior art include6 Daley et 81., U.S. Patent No. 3,068,312 i~ued December 11, 1962, ~ho teach a sealed cell having a conductive container cover ~hich may be metnllic and vhich i8 fitted into a cealing me~ber havL~g a 25 diaphragm ~hrough ~hich a current collector pa~eB. The current collector contacts the underside of the conductive cover. Feldhake, ~.S. P~tent ~o.
39713,896, i~ued Jaouary 30, 1973, teache~ B cell hsving a cover member ~here a cesl is effected by coa~i~g at lea~t a ~urface of the ri~ of the ~ember witb a resin, and ~hich require~ either a ~pring or a welded ~ember on the under~ide iLZ3616iiL
of the cover member for current collection. Spanur, ~.5. Patent No.
3,802,923, is~ued ~pril 9, 1974, l~imply teache6 a dry cell having ~ re~eslsble vent closure ~hich compri~es a disc-like cover fitted over tbe ope~ end of the cell c~ and includiDg ~ resilient flapper valve member ~hich iB formed at th~
outer portion of the cover. Decker et al., U.S. Patent ~o. 3,994,749, i~sued November 30, 1976 teach a ~ent vslve for cells iDcluding the cover plate for the internal structurP of the cell h~ving a central relief sppertuse. A vent cap is affi~ed to the cover plate, havi~g one or more vent ports, and a re6ilient se&l is provided between the vent cap and the cover plate to co~trol the release cf gas6e~. LeYy, ~.S. Patent 4,1919806, isgued Narch 4, 19809 relies on 8 disc of resilient plastic, ~ith a pre~sure ~e~t which i6 a reces having a rangible disphragm. The Levy ~tructure has no ~upport disc, and req~ire~ & mechaDicall~ induced stre~s failure fDr venting. ~ooke et al~, in UcS. Patent 4,2~1,241, i~ued June 2, 1981, tesch a re~ealsble pre66ure relief vent vslve which includes an outer rigid plate and an inner flexible diac which form~ part of the interior of the cell can. The tisc has one or more ve~t holes, and there iB a compre~sible rubber disc in partiall~ compressed condition placed bet~een the outer riBid plste and the inner flexiblc disc ~nd situated o~Pr any of the ~ent holes 80 ~B to vene the interior of the cell when the inner fle~ible di~c has fle~ed upwardly breaking it~ ~eal over the hole~.
One of the principal features of tbe present invention is to provide a seal that may be fitted to both stepped cell cans and beaded cans, ~8 they may be supplied and manufactured in different regions and in different countries, and from different can manufacturers, but ~here the iDternal asaembly of active ~omponents is e~e~tially the ~ame.
It iB al80 a purpose of the present invention to provide a de~ign for ~e~l~, especially ~hen they are produced frv~ a thermoplastic material such 88 polypropylene, ~hich permit~ permeatio~ of hydrogen ga~ from the cell even ~hen it iP in aD up~ide-down position; ths~ i~, with the ~eal iD the downmost position.
~.~36~
A furtbes pUrpoBe of the invention i8 to provide ~uch ~eals i~ o~der to s6~ure a good compression for~e of the ~ember sgainst the iDside of the c~, 80 a~ to even better a66ure that the CQll i8 well se~led at the cri~p.
Safety consideratioD~ are also kept in ~ind by the provi~ions of the present invention, including safety agsinst outward e~pul~io~ of s~tiYe ~ateri~ in the event of ~n ~brupt ~ent rupture, and safety againBt iDward intrusion of foreigD objec~ that should not other~ise enter the cell.
BRIEP DESCRIPTION OF T~E DRAWI~GS:
The~e3 and other purpose6 and adva~tage6 of the prese~t in~ention, are 0 di~cufi6ed heresfter, in ~s~ociatioD with the accomp~Dying drawiDgs, in which:
Figure 1 iB a per~pective vie~ of a typical seal according to the pre6ent inven~ion, ~hen viewed from belo~, Figure 2 i8 a plan ~iew from the top of a typical seal, such a8 i8 used iD lsrger cell6, ~ho~ing other featurefi of the 6tructure in dotted or chaiD
15 line;
Figure 3 i6 a ~ide vie~, partially in cro~s-section, of the s~ructure of Pigure 2;
FLgures 4 and 5 are views simil~r to Figures 2 and 3, but of a structure used in smaller 6i~ed cells; ~nd Figure 6 i8 5 cso6~-sectional vie~ of the top portion of ~n assembled (e~cept for tbe outer jacket) cell embodying the pre~ent invention.
DESCRlPTION OF T~E PR~FERRED EHBODIMENT:
As ~oted, the present invention relstes to cylindrical sesled cell~, in ~hicb an hnode, cathode, separators, electrolyee, etc.9 are assembled into a 25 can, usually the c~thode ca~ wheD an alk~line cell i~ co~sidered. The c~n h~s a closed end and an open end, snd the open end nay be either 6tepped or beaded.
When the can i8 6teppe~ at it~ open e~, the diameter of the ~an abo~e the step is greater than thnt below. When the caD i6 beaded, there i8 8n in~ardly e~tending bead where the di~meeer of the be~d i8 le~6 tbsn eh~t of the rest of the can.
A purpose of the prr~ent i~veDtiOn~ 88 above ~eated; i8 to provide a ~eal that ~y be ~nap-fitted into tbe open end of the csn, ~hether it ie ~tepped or beaded. A general but typical Yiew of ~ ~eal ~ccording to the present iDvention ie sho~n in ~igure 1, where the member 10 i~ pro~ided havLng an upper portion 12 and a lo~er portion 14. Generally, the upper portion 12 ha~ a diameter uhich i~ ~ub~taDtislly the same a~ that of the grester part of the c~n. Formed in ~he ~eal 10 iB ~ shoulder 16 in tbe o~ter peripher~ of the member, aod the shoulder iB inw~rdly directed ~o 8~ eo have a diameter which i6 le~ than that of the greater part of the can iDto ~hich ~he we~ber iB fitted.
In order to a~ure ~ ~nap-fieme~t of the ~ember 10 into a can, ~he lo~er portioD 14 i~ formed as 8 downwardly and outwardly e~teoding ~kirt, ~ith tbe maximum dia~eter, or the ma~imum developed diameter, Df the ~kirt portion 14 bei~g locflted 6ubstantiallg at the lowe~t extremity thereof. That diameter i~
substantially a~ l~rge a8 that of the grester part of the c~n into which the member i8 to be fitted, st lea~t before tbe member ie in6talled or fitted into the can.
As di6cu~ed in greater detail hereafter, it i6 more us~al according to the present invention that the lower portion or skirt be for~ed ~ith a plurslity of down~ardlg e~tending leg-like prOjeCtiDn~ eho~n geoerally at 18 in ~igure 1. In preferred embodime~t6, the number of leg~like projections 18 i~ three~ but it ~ay be Dore.
Thus, during a~emblg of 6ealed cells using high ~peed manufacturing proce~6e~, the sealing and in~ulating ~e~ber 10 i~ in~talled into the ope~ end of the C8~ ~o~etime~ ~t 8 ~tation and a time during the ~anufacturang process thBt iB distantly reMoved in tLme ~od locatio~ fro~ the place ~here the crimp iD the top of tbe can ~ill be made. During that period of time, ho~ever, it ie de~ireable ~hat there ~ho~uld be little or oo electrolyte 108~ frum the can; aud 363l~
moreover, that the ~enliDg and insulating member ~hould not becorme dislodged particulArly as it ~oves 810ng a high ~peed, ~ibrating, ~embly line. The ~nap-fitment of the member in~o the c8n, eit~er stepped or be~ded, iE urged due to the downwardly ~nd out~ardly extending skirt iD lvwer portion 14, or the 12gs 18, beneath the ~houlder 16.
On the other hand9 it i8 al~o possible thst se~l~ according to tbe pre~ent iD~entiOn may be fo~med ~itbout the downwardly depending ~kirt, by ~hich the ~nap-fitment of the aeal into the can is le~ ~ssured, bnt ~hich msy be par~icularly u~eful for a~e~bly into stepped ca~s, withont depsrting from the other purpoBes of a supported ~eal as discu0sed hereiD.
In keeping ~ith tbe general provisions of the present invention, the ~Pal 10 may be formed from ~uch materials as polypropylene, polyethyleae, and nylon, and co-polymer6 thereof.
~hown more particularl~ in Figure~ 2 to 6, the upper sùrface of any co~figuratioD of the ~eal 10 has ~ centrslly located upwardly e~ending nail bo~s for~ed therein~ and an upwardly exeending skirt that i8 formed around the outer edge of the outer surfsce. A metal ti~c having a centr~l opening therein~ i~ fitted over the centrally located nail boa~, and over the npper ~urf~ce of the sealing ~nd insulating member 10, ~o that ~ rentrally located opening in the ~etal disc i8 geDerally in iDterfereDce fit ~ith the out6ide or a ~ub~tantial portion of the outside periphery of the nail ho~6. The out~ide periphery of the disc i~ not in interference fit with the inside of the upwardly e~tending s~irt ne~r the lowest portion thereof.
For example, referring particulsrly to Yigure6 2 ~nd 3, an embodi~e~t of a sesl of the ~ort that may particulsrly be u~ed in D sized aLkaline cell6 i8 aho~n. That ~ember 20 iB formed having three downwardly e~tending legs 22~
beneath the ~houlder 24, an~ having ~n upwardly e~tendiDg ~kir~ 26 sround the outer peripbery of the member above it~ upper ~urf~ce. A centrally located nail bO~E 28 iB formed in the upper ~urface, ~bich is used for receiving and supporting tbe anode nail ~hen it iB placed in the cell. A metal di6c 30 i8 placed over the upper surface of the molded pla~tic portion 32 of the ~ember 20, 80 that an opening 34 for~ed in the di~c 30 iB in interference fit with the boss 28.
~36163L
ln a preferred embodLment of the ~e~l, the ce~tral opening 34 i8 formed with a plurslity of tooth-like projection~ 37, not only to ~ure that the disc has ~ gripping interference vith the nail bo~6 2B, but also t~ pro~ide for a greater venting area for the escApe of hydrogen ga8 from the cell, a~
discus6ed hereafter~ The toothed openiog further a~ures a more positive "snap on" loading of tbe di~c onto the pla8eic ~ember.
The e~bodiment of ~igure~ 4 and 5 compri~es a ~eal 36 which ha~ 8 ~olded pla~tic portion 38 and a me~al disc 40 plsced over the nail b0ss 42. Leg~ 44 ~re formed in the lower portion of the seal 36, beneath the shculder 46. An up~ardly e~tendîng skirt 48 i8 formed above the upper ~urface of the plastic component 38 at the outer periphery of the ~eal 36.
1D eieber of the embodiments of Figure~ 2 and 3 or 10 Figure~ 4 ~nd 5, the upwsrdly directed ~irt~ 26 or 48 are generally, a~ shown, tapered ~lightly up~ardly and out~ardly. A taper of the upwardly directed akirt~ provides a lead-in for more easily mechanic&lly placing the di~c over the nail boss for ~nap-on fitment thereto.
Also, a6 ~ho~n, tbe outer periphery of the metal di6c 30 or 40 i8 ge~erally fcrmed ~o as to ha~e a do~nwardly directed ri~ 50 or 52, respectively. The downwardly directed rim at the outer periphery of tbe metal di~c particularly ~s~ure~ that~ ~hen the seal i8 in place in a crimped cell, there ~hall be no outting of the pls~tic gafiket formed by the upwardly directed skirt of the outer periphery of the plsstic portion of the ~eal by the outer periphery o~ the metal disc.
Li~ewise, the lower surface of the discs 30 or 40 ~a~ be ~uppDrted above the upper ~urfsce of the pls~ic bodie~ 32 ~r 38 by ~t lesst one or ~
plurality of discon~inuou~ bos~es or ledges such as those that are ~hown at 54 or 56. The ledges are formed in the upper surfsce of the respectiYe pla~tic COmpODent~ ~nd are spaced from, the re~pecti~e ce~eral bo~se~ and from the respective up~ardly e~tending skirt~.
Still further, the do~nwardly directed rims 50 or 52 ase generally received in rece~e~ that are formed iD the upper surfsce of the re~pective pla~tic bodies 32 or 38~ at the ba~e~ of the re~pective up~ardly exte~ding ckirt~ 26 or 48.
In any of the ~esls~ there i8 usually formed at a place otber than at the center or ou~er periphery, a membrane vhich i~ inte~ded to rupture at a predetermiDed level if the pre~sure of ga~ ~ithin the 8e81et ~ell reache~ that leYel, The membrane~ are varioufily 6hown in member6 10, 20 and 36 at 11, 58 and 60, respectively.
Referring now to Figure 6, a typical a~sembly of an alkaline cell iB
ahown, ~here 8 catbode material 62 and an anode material 64 are installed in a c~thode can 66. Near the top of the cathode can 66 i8 an inwardly extending besd 68. The can may al~o have been formed ha~ing a ~tepped portion near the open end thereof. A crimping 6eal of the csn agaiD~t the ~ealing and iD6ulating member, in ~he manner shown, i8 assured.
The ~eal 70 compri~e~ a plastic body 72 and a metal disc 74. It will be noted that the outer portion 76 of the diEc 74 has a downtur~ed ri~ 78, ~hich has been received in a reces6 formed in the plastic member 72. The ss~embly of Figure 6 i~ ~ho~n complete ~ith its outer jacket 79, which include~ a kraft or other in~ulating washer 80, an anode nail 82 drive~ dowD thr~ugh the nail boss 84, a~d an a~ode cap 86 over the top portion of tbe as~embl~.
Tbe crimp i8 for~ed above the besd 68 at 88, snd geDerally it i8 BUCh ~0 tbat the crimping forces etre~ ~he plastic material to an amount greater than the ela~tic li~it of the ~aterial, st lea~t at a first portio~ usually right at tbe CFi~p, a~d 80 that at lea~ a aecond por~ion usually belo~ tbe crimp is ~tres~ed to aD amount less thsn the elastic limit of the materisl.
A~ ~tated, and a6 can be een particularly from Figure 6, the metal aupport disc 74, especially ~hen downturned at 76 to form a rim 78, forms a good solid support again~t ~hich the 10 up~tanding skirt portion of the seal ~ember may be co~pressed, ~o a8 to for~ a seal during the cell crLmpi~g oper~tion. A1BO~ especinlly ~hen the disc iB formed having tootb-like PrOjeCtiOnB 8B sho~ in Figure 2, a positi~e loc~ or gripping ioterfere~ce of the di~c to tbe nail bo~s i8 ~sured.
lt ~ill also be ~een that the legs 90 formed in the lower portion of the ~ealing member 70 as8ure the snap-in fitmeDt of the me~ber into the can 66.
The configuration of the metsl disc 74 is ~uc~ that it ha~ ~ higher elevation in its central pDrtion thao nt it~ periphery9-as ~e the metal disc~
of the embodimentfi af ~igure6 2 and 3 or 4 and 5, ~o that ~hen crimpiDg 10 pressure i6 applied ~gainst the upper edge of the OpeD catbode can, it i6 a~6ured thst there ~ill be no down~ard deflection of t~e sealing ~nd iDsulating member. Noreover, the configuration of any Df the ~etal disc~ i~ such that there i~ a springine66 of the disc, uhich allo~6 for the outer periphery of the disc to exert an out~ardly directed CGmpressive force ~gain6~ the i~side ~urfaoe of the respective upwardly directed s~irt, after the in~ardly directed crimping forces that sre generated during the erimping operstion are relessed after the crimped cell i~ removed from the crinping die, Becsuse of the pre6ence of the metal support disc, it i8 possible to keep tbe cross~section of the injection molded pls~tic portion of the seal tD a minimum practical thic~ness, co~sistent ~ith the cell size into ~hich the ~eali~g ~ember will be a~s~mbled. When the pla~tic body portion is ~uch a3 polypropyle~e, hgdroge~ permeation i8 permitted not only through the rupturable vent membrane, but through the entire body, BO that hydrogen permeation may be maximized in any po~itio~ that the cell may be held or ~tored, during ussge or abuse, or storage; aDd e~pecially ~hen the member iB for~ed with ~ rela~ivel~
thin radi~lly directed protrusion 92 around the nail collector bos~ 84 a8 shown iD Figure 6, or a~ ~hown at 94 i~ Figure 3. FveD ~hen the cell iB upside do~n, if there i~ any 1006e electrolyte in the cell ~hich drain~ out of the cathode or anode material or #eparator, it ~ill lie on the inside, then the upper side ~36~
of the pla~tic body portion, which i~ configured i~ 6ucb ~ man~er th~t a pro~rusion or at lea~ a portion of it i~ abo~e the liquid electrolyte. Such a configurstioD thereby allo~6 for nnre~tricted diffu6io~ and per~eation of hydrogreD out of tbe cell, ~o ~tter in ~hat positioD the cell ~ay be plsced.
lndeed, the presence of the ~etsl support disc in any embodiment ~ccording to ~he pre~ent inven~ion makes po~sible the use of tbiD-sectioD thermopla~tic material, partic~larly such a8 polypropylene, theseby even ~ore greatly enhancing the po~sible bydrogren-diffusion char~cteristicc o ehe cell ~nd the increased interior volume, ~itbout compromise of tbe streDgeh of the clo6ure 0 ~ember for the cell and the streDgth of the cri~p as vell a6 the integritg of the ~eal formed by tbe crimp.
lThi8 i~ iD contradistinction to the tescbing~ of n.s. Patent ~o.
3~218,197, Carmichael et al., issued ~ovember 16, 1965, which teache6 8 plagtic top for ~ cell having 8 c~itated protru~ioD, but ~hich permit~ hydrogren 15 permeation only thr~ugb 8 ~olded thin membrane portion of the plastic top.]
Fro~ Figure 6, a~ uell a~ from Figure~ 3 aod 5, ie will be seen tbat tbe ~etal di~c acts as a ~afety shield abo~e the rupturable ~en~ membr~ne. Tbi~
i6, of cour~e, alway~ sn importsnt factor when it is coosidered that occasionally a foreigD object ~ight intrude into the regioD of the vent 20 membrsne~ h the ris~ of piercing it and expul~ion of acti~e msterial through the vent.
By the ~ame toke~, tbe space or volume bet~ee~ the upper ~urface o the plsstic body poreion of an~ seal according to the present inventiOD, and it~
~etsl disc, allo~6 for rapid ga~ e~paD~ion if the cell vent~ 80 that the gas 25 ~ill not escspe at higb ~elocity from the top portion of the cell. There i6 a p~s~sge through the metsl disc to allow pres6ure equslizAtion betwee~ th~t ~pace a~d tbe o~tside of the cellj and e~pecially whe~ the tooth-like protru6ion6 are provided i~ the central opening of ehe di6c around the central bo66 of the pla~tic body, a plurslity of pa~sage~ are provided.
~;~36~L6~
~ specially ~hen the plaatic body portion is a tbermoplastic, ~uch 88 polypropylene, lower headroom may be provided ~bove tbe membrane, ~o that the total thickne~ of tbe ~ealing snd in~ulatiDg ~ember may be ~omewhat reduced.
Thi~, toge$her ~ith tbe provision of the leg-like projertion~ iD t~e fi~irt of the plastic body portion, or their elimination in certaiD in~tance~, 8110ws for 8 greater internal free volume within tbe cell, 80 that a greater amount of sctive material may be in~tslled iD the cell. Thifi giveB the cell a longer shelf sad/or service life, and~or allowfi for a greater ga~ e~paDsion volume ~ithin the cell under bigh di~charge conditions.
~alysis of a great Dumber of tifferent deaign~ of ~ealing and iDsulating members according to the prefient invention, each compri~ing a molded pl~stic body of ~aterial such a~ polypropylene, and having a metal disc fitted to the plastic body, reveals that in each instan e the co~t of production of such a sealing aDd insul~ting member i8 no greater, and is u~ually le~fi, than the CoBt of molded nylon sealing and in~ulating me~berfi afi referred to in tbe prior art.
The seslfi of the pre~eDt iDventioD may be annealed or, ~t leafit in certain in~tance~ such afi 8mall CellB intended for general u~e applicatioD~, the plastic body portion6 do not need to be annealed, and ~et goQd cell performance i8 a~BUred.
The embodimeDt~ illufitrated in tbe accompaDying ~igures are ufied for illustrative purpo~e~ o~ly, the ficope of the invention being defined by the accompaDying cl~s.
FIELD OF T~E INVENTION:
This inventioo rel~te6 to sesled gslvanic cell~, ~uch as prinary ~lkaliDe cells and otherg, and particularly relates to a ~ealing aDd insulating member, hereinafter referred ~o a8 6eal~, for such cell~. A seal ~ccording to the present invention may have a snap-iD fitment to ehe cathode can for the cell, and may have a rupturable vent membrane formed tberein, a6 required.
Over the upper surface of the seal there i~ a metal disc, who~e purp~e, among others, i8 to serve to a~nre that a peripheral 10 grommet-or Bkirt portion of the plaatic co~ponent of the ~ealing Rnd insulating member i8 maintained in place AB a ~a6ket bet~eeD the outer periphery of the disc and the inside surface of the can, thereby B0 as to maintain the seal ~ithin the caD durLng and after temperature ~ycling. The disc is in interference, or ~snap-in" fit ~ith the nail boss formed in the upper surface of the ~ealing snd insulating member. Other purpo~es for the disc include the ability to ab~rb crimping lS forces, and to serve a~ 8 ~sfety shield sbove the vent membrane.
BACRGRO~ND OF T~E INVENTION:
The general con6truction of a ~esled, cylindrical cell i~ such that it~
priGcipal components, a~ ~node s~d a cathode, are as~embled înto a can, together ~ith tbe RpprOpriate separators, electrolyte, e~c., and the cell i8 then clo6ed by a xeal placed in the open end of the can. The ~eal prerludes el~ctrolyte leskage fr~m the cell, and insulate~ the electrode cont~cts of the cell from each otber.
A seal ~ill desirably also permit hydrogen gas permeatioo from the cPll B0 as to reduce pressure build-up ~ithin the cell~ and yet al~o tn inhibit moisture gain or 10~6, and oYygen or carbon dioxide infiltration into the cell. Still further, the seal i8 u~ually maDufactured ~ith a molded in membrane or thiD section ~o ~ to ~ssure thst the ~ell will vent under certain condition6 ~ben hiBh ga~ pre~sure buildup within the cell msy occur, and to preclude rupture of the cell.
~;2;~
The ~bility of sesling and insulsting members 6erve the purpo~e6 and functions of sealing snd in~ulating sealed galvanic cellg, may be very often determiDed simplg by appropriate testing ~ethods, ~hereby a number of cellr may be ~ubjected to di~chsrge and ch~rging tert6, cycling, high or lc~ temper~ture longlife storsge testing, and 80 on. So~e 3eal~ may pa~r, certr9in of the test~
very well, but be 60me~hat ler,s concistent on other te~t~., and although nearly all of the testr are quite extreme, they are indicative of the kinds of u6e and abuse ~ondition~ that may e~i~t in the field. Many commercially used sealiDg and insulatiDg member~ for cell6 have pa~red many te6t8, but the provision of 10 sealing ~nd insulating members that can pass 811 of tbe te~ts con~i~tently, and ~t the same tLme permit iDfitallation of more sctive material i~ the cell, provide~ greater a~6ursnce of con~istent performance in the field. Moreover, as will be discu~sed hereaf~er, considerable economieB of supply and manufacture may be effected by the pre~ent invention.
The present invention is directed to~ard sesl6 which m&y be rnsp-fitted or sDap-fittsble when placed in cell~ witb assurance thst tbey ~ill remain in place, even on high ~peed cell ar9sembly lines. Noreover, the present invention provide~ r,e~ls ~bat are r9upported by a ~etnl disc, providing a s~roDger ~tructur~, and which may be es~ily snd inexpensively manufactured, aDd al80 20 which provide for the placement of greater amount6 of active materi~l in the cell BO B~ to have longer shelf and/or ~ervice life.
The prior art include6 Daley et 81., U.S. Patent No. 3,068,312 i~ued December 11, 1962, ~ho teach a sealed cell having a conductive container cover ~hich may be metnllic and vhich i8 fitted into a cealing me~ber havL~g a 25 diaphragm ~hrough ~hich a current collector pa~eB. The current collector contacts the underside of the conductive cover. Feldhake, ~.S. P~tent ~o.
39713,896, i~ued Jaouary 30, 1973, teache~ B cell hsving a cover member ~here a cesl is effected by coa~i~g at lea~t a ~urface of the ri~ of the ~ember witb a resin, and ~hich require~ either a ~pring or a welded ~ember on the under~ide iLZ3616iiL
of the cover member for current collection. Spanur, ~.5. Patent No.
3,802,923, is~ued ~pril 9, 1974, l~imply teache6 a dry cell having ~ re~eslsble vent closure ~hich compri~es a disc-like cover fitted over tbe ope~ end of the cell c~ and includiDg ~ resilient flapper valve member ~hich iB formed at th~
outer portion of the cover. Decker et al., U.S. Patent ~o. 3,994,749, i~sued November 30, 1976 teach a ~ent vslve for cells iDcluding the cover plate for the internal structurP of the cell h~ving a central relief sppertuse. A vent cap is affi~ed to the cover plate, havi~g one or more vent ports, and a re6ilient se&l is provided between the vent cap and the cover plate to co~trol the release cf gas6e~. LeYy, ~.S. Patent 4,1919806, isgued Narch 4, 19809 relies on 8 disc of resilient plastic, ~ith a pre~sure ~e~t which i6 a reces having a rangible disphragm. The Levy ~tructure has no ~upport disc, and req~ire~ & mechaDicall~ induced stre~s failure fDr venting. ~ooke et al~, in UcS. Patent 4,2~1,241, i~ued June 2, 1981, tesch a re~ealsble pre66ure relief vent vslve which includes an outer rigid plate and an inner flexible diac which form~ part of the interior of the cell can. The tisc has one or more ve~t holes, and there iB a compre~sible rubber disc in partiall~ compressed condition placed bet~een the outer riBid plste and the inner flexiblc disc ~nd situated o~Pr any of the ~ent holes 80 ~B to vene the interior of the cell when the inner fle~ible di~c has fle~ed upwardly breaking it~ ~eal over the hole~.
One of the principal features of tbe present invention is to provide a seal that may be fitted to both stepped cell cans and beaded cans, ~8 they may be supplied and manufactured in different regions and in different countries, and from different can manufacturers, but ~here the iDternal asaembly of active ~omponents is e~e~tially the ~ame.
It iB al80 a purpose of the present invention to provide a de~ign for ~e~l~, especially ~hen they are produced frv~ a thermoplastic material such 88 polypropylene, ~hich permit~ permeatio~ of hydrogen ga~ from the cell even ~hen it iP in aD up~ide-down position; ths~ i~, with the ~eal iD the downmost position.
~.~36~
A furtbes pUrpoBe of the invention i8 to provide ~uch ~eals i~ o~der to s6~ure a good compression for~e of the ~ember sgainst the iDside of the c~, 80 a~ to even better a66ure that the CQll i8 well se~led at the cri~p.
Safety consideratioD~ are also kept in ~ind by the provi~ions of the present invention, including safety agsinst outward e~pul~io~ of s~tiYe ~ateri~ in the event of ~n ~brupt ~ent rupture, and safety againBt iDward intrusion of foreigD objec~ that should not other~ise enter the cell.
BRIEP DESCRIPTION OF T~E DRAWI~GS:
The~e3 and other purpose6 and adva~tage6 of the prese~t in~ention, are 0 di~cufi6ed heresfter, in ~s~ociatioD with the accomp~Dying drawiDgs, in which:
Figure 1 iB a per~pective vie~ of a typical seal according to the pre6ent inven~ion, ~hen viewed from belo~, Figure 2 i8 a plan ~iew from the top of a typical seal, such a8 i8 used iD lsrger cell6, ~ho~ing other featurefi of the 6tructure in dotted or chaiD
15 line;
Figure 3 i6 a ~ide vie~, partially in cro~s-section, of the s~ructure of Pigure 2;
FLgures 4 and 5 are views simil~r to Figures 2 and 3, but of a structure used in smaller 6i~ed cells; ~nd Figure 6 i8 5 cso6~-sectional vie~ of the top portion of ~n assembled (e~cept for tbe outer jacket) cell embodying the pre~ent invention.
DESCRlPTION OF T~E PR~FERRED EHBODIMENT:
As ~oted, the present invention relstes to cylindrical sesled cell~, in ~hicb an hnode, cathode, separators, electrolyee, etc.9 are assembled into a 25 can, usually the c~thode ca~ wheD an alk~line cell i~ co~sidered. The c~n h~s a closed end and an open end, snd the open end nay be either 6tepped or beaded.
When the can i8 6teppe~ at it~ open e~, the diameter of the ~an abo~e the step is greater than thnt below. When the caD i6 beaded, there i8 8n in~ardly e~tending bead where the di~meeer of the be~d i8 le~6 tbsn eh~t of the rest of the can.
A purpose of the prr~ent i~veDtiOn~ 88 above ~eated; i8 to provide a ~eal that ~y be ~nap-fitted into tbe open end of the csn, ~hether it ie ~tepped or beaded. A general but typical Yiew of ~ ~eal ~ccording to the present iDvention ie sho~n in ~igure 1, where the member 10 i~ pro~ided havLng an upper portion 12 and a lo~er portion 14. Generally, the upper portion 12 ha~ a diameter uhich i~ ~ub~taDtislly the same a~ that of the grester part of the c~n. Formed in ~he ~eal 10 iB ~ shoulder 16 in tbe o~ter peripher~ of the member, aod the shoulder iB inw~rdly directed ~o 8~ eo have a diameter which i6 le~ than that of the greater part of the can iDto ~hich ~he we~ber iB fitted.
In order to a~ure ~ ~nap-fieme~t of the ~ember 10 into a can, ~he lo~er portioD 14 i~ formed as 8 downwardly and outwardly e~teoding ~kirt, ~ith tbe maximum dia~eter, or the ma~imum developed diameter, Df the ~kirt portion 14 bei~g locflted 6ubstantiallg at the lowe~t extremity thereof. That diameter i~
substantially a~ l~rge a8 that of the grester part of the c~n into which the member i8 to be fitted, st lea~t before tbe member ie in6talled or fitted into the can.
As di6cu~ed in greater detail hereafter, it i6 more us~al according to the present invention that the lower portion or skirt be for~ed ~ith a plurslity of down~ardlg e~tending leg-like prOjeCtiDn~ eho~n geoerally at 18 in ~igure 1. In preferred embodime~t6, the number of leg~like projections 18 i~ three~ but it ~ay be Dore.
Thus, during a~emblg of 6ealed cells using high ~peed manufacturing proce~6e~, the sealing and in~ulating ~e~ber 10 i~ in~talled into the ope~ end of the C8~ ~o~etime~ ~t 8 ~tation and a time during the ~anufacturang process thBt iB distantly reMoved in tLme ~od locatio~ fro~ the place ~here the crimp iD the top of tbe can ~ill be made. During that period of time, ho~ever, it ie de~ireable ~hat there ~ho~uld be little or oo electrolyte 108~ frum the can; aud 363l~
moreover, that the ~enliDg and insulating member ~hould not becorme dislodged particulArly as it ~oves 810ng a high ~peed, ~ibrating, ~embly line. The ~nap-fitment of the member in~o the c8n, eit~er stepped or be~ded, iE urged due to the downwardly ~nd out~ardly extending skirt iD lvwer portion 14, or the 12gs 18, beneath the ~houlder 16.
On the other hand9 it i8 al~o possible thst se~l~ according to tbe pre~ent iD~entiOn may be fo~med ~itbout the downwardly depending ~kirt, by ~hich the ~nap-fitment of the aeal into the can is le~ ~ssured, bnt ~hich msy be par~icularly u~eful for a~e~bly into stepped ca~s, withont depsrting from the other purpoBes of a supported ~eal as discu0sed hereiD.
In keeping ~ith tbe general provisions of the present invention, the ~Pal 10 may be formed from ~uch materials as polypropylene, polyethyleae, and nylon, and co-polymer6 thereof.
~hown more particularl~ in Figure~ 2 to 6, the upper sùrface of any co~figuratioD of the ~eal 10 has ~ centrslly located upwardly e~ending nail bo~s for~ed therein~ and an upwardly exeending skirt that i8 formed around the outer edge of the outer surfsce. A metal ti~c having a centr~l opening therein~ i~ fitted over the centrally located nail boa~, and over the npper ~urf~ce of the sealing ~nd insulating member 10, ~o that ~ rentrally located opening in the ~etal disc i8 geDerally in iDterfereDce fit ~ith the out6ide or a ~ub~tantial portion of the outside periphery of the nail ho~6. The out~ide periphery of the disc i~ not in interference fit with the inside of the upwardly e~tending s~irt ne~r the lowest portion thereof.
For example, referring particulsrly to Yigure6 2 ~nd 3, an embodi~e~t of a sesl of the ~ort that may particulsrly be u~ed in D sized aLkaline cell6 i8 aho~n. That ~ember 20 iB formed having three downwardly e~tending legs 22~
beneath the ~houlder 24, an~ having ~n upwardly e~tendiDg ~kir~ 26 sround the outer peripbery of the member above it~ upper ~urf~ce. A centrally located nail bO~E 28 iB formed in the upper ~urface, ~bich is used for receiving and supporting tbe anode nail ~hen it iB placed in the cell. A metal di6c 30 i8 placed over the upper surface of the molded pla~tic portion 32 of the ~ember 20, 80 that an opening 34 for~ed in the di~c 30 iB in interference fit with the boss 28.
~36163L
ln a preferred embodLment of the ~e~l, the ce~tral opening 34 i8 formed with a plurslity of tooth-like projection~ 37, not only to ~ure that the disc has ~ gripping interference vith the nail bo~6 2B, but also t~ pro~ide for a greater venting area for the escApe of hydrogen ga8 from the cell, a~
discus6ed hereafter~ The toothed openiog further a~ures a more positive "snap on" loading of tbe di~c onto the pla8eic ~ember.
The e~bodiment of ~igure~ 4 and 5 compri~es a ~eal 36 which ha~ 8 ~olded pla~tic portion 38 and a me~al disc 40 plsced over the nail b0ss 42. Leg~ 44 ~re formed in the lower portion of the seal 36, beneath the shculder 46. An up~ardly e~tendîng skirt 48 i8 formed above the upper ~urface of the plastic component 38 at the outer periphery of the ~eal 36.
1D eieber of the embodiments of Figure~ 2 and 3 or 10 Figure~ 4 ~nd 5, the upwsrdly directed ~irt~ 26 or 48 are generally, a~ shown, tapered ~lightly up~ardly and out~ardly. A taper of the upwardly directed akirt~ provides a lead-in for more easily mechanic&lly placing the di~c over the nail boss for ~nap-on fitment thereto.
Also, a6 ~ho~n, tbe outer periphery of the metal di6c 30 or 40 i8 ge~erally fcrmed ~o as to ha~e a do~nwardly directed ri~ 50 or 52, respectively. The downwardly directed rim at the outer periphery of tbe metal di~c particularly ~s~ure~ that~ ~hen the seal i8 in place in a crimped cell, there ~hall be no outting of the pls~tic gafiket formed by the upwardly directed skirt of the outer periphery of the plsstic portion of the ~eal by the outer periphery o~ the metal disc.
Li~ewise, the lower surface of the discs 30 or 40 ~a~ be ~uppDrted above the upper ~urfsce of the pls~ic bodie~ 32 ~r 38 by ~t lesst one or ~
plurality of discon~inuou~ bos~es or ledges such as those that are ~hown at 54 or 56. The ledges are formed in the upper surfsce of the respectiYe pla~tic COmpODent~ ~nd are spaced from, the re~pecti~e ce~eral bo~se~ and from the respective up~ardly e~tending skirt~.
Still further, the do~nwardly directed rims 50 or 52 ase generally received in rece~e~ that are formed iD the upper surfsce of the re~pective pla~tic bodies 32 or 38~ at the ba~e~ of the re~pective up~ardly exte~ding ckirt~ 26 or 48.
In any of the ~esls~ there i8 usually formed at a place otber than at the center or ou~er periphery, a membrane vhich i~ inte~ded to rupture at a predetermiDed level if the pre~sure of ga~ ~ithin the 8e81et ~ell reache~ that leYel, The membrane~ are varioufily 6hown in member6 10, 20 and 36 at 11, 58 and 60, respectively.
Referring now to Figure 6, a typical a~sembly of an alkaline cell iB
ahown, ~here 8 catbode material 62 and an anode material 64 are installed in a c~thode can 66. Near the top of the cathode can 66 i8 an inwardly extending besd 68. The can may al~o have been formed ha~ing a ~tepped portion near the open end thereof. A crimping 6eal of the csn agaiD~t the ~ealing and iD6ulating member, in ~he manner shown, i8 assured.
The ~eal 70 compri~e~ a plastic body 72 and a metal disc 74. It will be noted that the outer portion 76 of the diEc 74 has a downtur~ed ri~ 78, ~hich has been received in a reces6 formed in the plastic member 72. The ss~embly of Figure 6 i~ ~ho~n complete ~ith its outer jacket 79, which include~ a kraft or other in~ulating washer 80, an anode nail 82 drive~ dowD thr~ugh the nail boss 84, a~d an a~ode cap 86 over the top portion of tbe as~embl~.
Tbe crimp i8 for~ed above the besd 68 at 88, snd geDerally it i8 BUCh ~0 tbat the crimping forces etre~ ~he plastic material to an amount greater than the ela~tic li~it of the ~aterial, st lea~t at a first portio~ usually right at tbe CFi~p, a~d 80 that at lea~ a aecond por~ion usually belo~ tbe crimp is ~tres~ed to aD amount less thsn the elastic limit of the materisl.
A~ ~tated, and a6 can be een particularly from Figure 6, the metal aupport disc 74, especially ~hen downturned at 76 to form a rim 78, forms a good solid support again~t ~hich the 10 up~tanding skirt portion of the seal ~ember may be co~pressed, ~o a8 to for~ a seal during the cell crLmpi~g oper~tion. A1BO~ especinlly ~hen the disc iB formed having tootb-like PrOjeCtiOnB 8B sho~ in Figure 2, a positi~e loc~ or gripping ioterfere~ce of the di~c to tbe nail bo~s i8 ~sured.
lt ~ill also be ~een that the legs 90 formed in the lower portion of the ~ealing member 70 as8ure the snap-in fitmeDt of the me~ber into the can 66.
The configuration of the metsl disc 74 is ~uc~ that it ha~ ~ higher elevation in its central pDrtion thao nt it~ periphery9-as ~e the metal disc~
of the embodimentfi af ~igure6 2 and 3 or 4 and 5, ~o that ~hen crimpiDg 10 pressure i6 applied ~gainst the upper edge of the OpeD catbode can, it i6 a~6ured thst there ~ill be no down~ard deflection of t~e sealing ~nd iDsulating member. Noreover, the configuration of any Df the ~etal disc~ i~ such that there i~ a springine66 of the disc, uhich allo~6 for the outer periphery of the disc to exert an out~ardly directed CGmpressive force ~gain6~ the i~side ~urfaoe of the respective upwardly directed s~irt, after the in~ardly directed crimping forces that sre generated during the erimping operstion are relessed after the crimped cell i~ removed from the crinping die, Becsuse of the pre6ence of the metal support disc, it i8 possible to keep tbe cross~section of the injection molded pls~tic portion of the seal tD a minimum practical thic~ness, co~sistent ~ith the cell size into ~hich the ~eali~g ~ember will be a~s~mbled. When the pla~tic body portion is ~uch a3 polypropyle~e, hgdroge~ permeation i8 permitted not only through the rupturable vent membrane, but through the entire body, BO that hydrogen permeation may be maximized in any po~itio~ that the cell may be held or ~tored, during ussge or abuse, or storage; aDd e~pecially ~hen the member iB for~ed with ~ rela~ivel~
thin radi~lly directed protrusion 92 around the nail collector bos~ 84 a8 shown iD Figure 6, or a~ ~hown at 94 i~ Figure 3. FveD ~hen the cell iB upside do~n, if there i~ any 1006e electrolyte in the cell ~hich drain~ out of the cathode or anode material or #eparator, it ~ill lie on the inside, then the upper side ~36~
of the pla~tic body portion, which i~ configured i~ 6ucb ~ man~er th~t a pro~rusion or at lea~ a portion of it i~ abo~e the liquid electrolyte. Such a configurstioD thereby allo~6 for nnre~tricted diffu6io~ and per~eation of hydrogreD out of tbe cell, ~o ~tter in ~hat positioD the cell ~ay be plsced.
lndeed, the presence of the ~etsl support disc in any embodiment ~ccording to ~he pre~ent inven~ion makes po~sible the use of tbiD-sectioD thermopla~tic material, partic~larly such a8 polypropylene, theseby even ~ore greatly enhancing the po~sible bydrogren-diffusion char~cteristicc o ehe cell ~nd the increased interior volume, ~itbout compromise of tbe streDgeh of the clo6ure 0 ~ember for the cell and the streDgth of the cri~p as vell a6 the integritg of the ~eal formed by tbe crimp.
lThi8 i~ iD contradistinction to the tescbing~ of n.s. Patent ~o.
3~218,197, Carmichael et al., issued ~ovember 16, 1965, which teache6 8 plagtic top for ~ cell having 8 c~itated protru~ioD, but ~hich permit~ hydrogren 15 permeation only thr~ugb 8 ~olded thin membrane portion of the plastic top.]
Fro~ Figure 6, a~ uell a~ from Figure~ 3 aod 5, ie will be seen tbat tbe ~etal di~c acts as a ~afety shield abo~e the rupturable ~en~ membr~ne. Tbi~
i6, of cour~e, alway~ sn importsnt factor when it is coosidered that occasionally a foreigD object ~ight intrude into the regioD of the vent 20 membrsne~ h the ris~ of piercing it and expul~ion of acti~e msterial through the vent.
By the ~ame toke~, tbe space or volume bet~ee~ the upper ~urface o the plsstic body poreion of an~ seal according to the present inventiOD, and it~
~etsl disc, allo~6 for rapid ga~ e~paD~ion if the cell vent~ 80 that the gas 25 ~ill not escspe at higb ~elocity from the top portion of the cell. There i6 a p~s~sge through the metsl disc to allow pres6ure equslizAtion betwee~ th~t ~pace a~d tbe o~tside of the cellj and e~pecially whe~ the tooth-like protru6ion6 are provided i~ the central opening of ehe di6c around the central bo66 of the pla~tic body, a plurslity of pa~sage~ are provided.
~;~36~L6~
~ specially ~hen the plaatic body portion is a tbermoplastic, ~uch 88 polypropylene, lower headroom may be provided ~bove tbe membrane, ~o that the total thickne~ of tbe ~ealing snd in~ulatiDg ~ember may be ~omewhat reduced.
Thi~, toge$her ~ith tbe provision of the leg-like projertion~ iD t~e fi~irt of the plastic body portion, or their elimination in certaiD in~tance~, 8110ws for 8 greater internal free volume within tbe cell, 80 that a greater amount of sctive material may be in~tslled iD the cell. Thifi giveB the cell a longer shelf sad/or service life, and~or allowfi for a greater ga~ e~paDsion volume ~ithin the cell under bigh di~charge conditions.
~alysis of a great Dumber of tifferent deaign~ of ~ealing and iDsulating members according to the prefient invention, each compri~ing a molded pl~stic body of ~aterial such a~ polypropylene, and having a metal disc fitted to the plastic body, reveals that in each instan e the co~t of production of such a sealing aDd insul~ting member i8 no greater, and is u~ually le~fi, than the CoBt of molded nylon sealing and in~ulating me~berfi afi referred to in tbe prior art.
The seslfi of the pre~eDt iDventioD may be annealed or, ~t leafit in certain in~tance~ such afi 8mall CellB intended for general u~e applicatioD~, the plastic body portion6 do not need to be annealed, and ~et goQd cell performance i8 a~BUred.
The embodimeDt~ illufitrated in tbe accompaDying ~igures are ufied for illustrative purpo~e~ o~ly, the ficope of the invention being defined by the accompaDying cl~s.
Claims (22)
1. In combination, a cylindrical sealed galvanic cell, having an anode, a cathode, and a generally cylindrical can into which the principal components of the cell are placed, said can having a closed end and an open end; and further comprising a sealing and insulating member at the open end of said can, said member being held in sealing relationship to said can by a crimp formed at the top edge of said can; where:
said sealing and insulating member comprises a molded thermoplastic body portion and a metal disc portion over said thermoplastic body portion, with a space between said disc snd said thermoplastic body;
said molded thermoplastic body portion has an inwardly directed shoulder in its periphery subtended by a downwardly and outwardly extending discontinuous skirt portion, which is formed as a plurality of discrete leg-like projections, and said metal diac has a central opening therein and has an interference fit over a centrally located upwardly extending boss in the upper surface of said thermoplastic body portion, and has at least one opening formed therein to provide a passage for pressure equalization between the outside of said cell and the space between said disc and said molded thermoplastic body.
said sealing and insulating member comprises a molded thermoplastic body portion and a metal disc portion over said thermoplastic body portion, with a space between said disc snd said thermoplastic body;
said molded thermoplastic body portion has an inwardly directed shoulder in its periphery subtended by a downwardly and outwardly extending discontinuous skirt portion, which is formed as a plurality of discrete leg-like projections, and said metal diac has a central opening therein and has an interference fit over a centrally located upwardly extending boss in the upper surface of said thermoplastic body portion, and has at least one opening formed therein to provide a passage for pressure equalization between the outside of said cell and the space between said disc and said molded thermoplastic body.
2. In combination, a cylindrical sealed galvanic cell, having an anode, a cathode, and a generally cylindrical can into which the principal components of the cell are placed, said can having a closed end and an open end; and further comprising a sealing and insulating member at the open end of said can, said member being held in sealing relationship to said can by a crimp formed at the top edge of said can; where:
said sealing and insulating member comprises a molded thermoplastic body portion and a metal disc portion over said thermoplastic body portion, with a space between said disc and said thermoplastic body; and said metal disc has a central opening therein formed with a plurality of spaced radially inwardly directed projections fitted with the central opening of said projections in interference fit over a centrally located upwardly extending boss in the upper surface of said thermoplastic body portion; wherein the openings between said projections provide a passage for pressure equalization between the outside of said cell and the space between said disc and said molded thermoplastic body.
said sealing and insulating member comprises a molded thermoplastic body portion and a metal disc portion over said thermoplastic body portion, with a space between said disc and said thermoplastic body; and said metal disc has a central opening therein formed with a plurality of spaced radially inwardly directed projections fitted with the central opening of said projections in interference fit over a centrally located upwardly extending boss in the upper surface of said thermoplastic body portion; wherein the openings between said projections provide a passage for pressure equalization between the outside of said cell and the space between said disc and said molded thermoplastic body.
3. The assembly of claim 1, where said can is formed having a stepped portion near the open end thereof, the diameter of said can above the step being greater than that below.
4. The assembly of claim 1, where said can is formed with an inwardly extending bead formed near the open end thereof.
5. The assembly of claim 2, where the central area of said disc is higher than the periphery thereof.
6. The assembly of claim 5, where there is an upwardly extending skirt around the outer edge of said upper surface of said molded thermoplastic body.
7. The assembly of claim 1, where there are at least three leg-like projections below said shoulder.
8. The assembly of claim 6 where at least one portion of said molded thermoplastic body, other than at its center or outer periphery, is formed with a thickness less than that of the surrounding material thereof so as to provide a rupturable vent area of said molded thermoplastic body in the event that pressure within said sealed galvanic cell reaches a predetermined level.
9. The assembly of claim 8, where at least a first portion of the thickness of the peripheral material of said molded thermoplastic member is stressed by the crimp formed at said open end to an amount greater than the elastic limit of the material thereof, and at least a second portion of the thickness of the peripheral material of said molded thermoplastic member is stressed by said crimp to an amount less than the elastic limit of said material.
10. The assembly of claim 8, where there is a springiness of the disc such that, after the release of inwardly directed crimping forces forming said crimp. there is an outwardly directed compressive force around the periphery of said disc against the inside surface of said upwardly extending skirt.
11. The assembly of claim 8, where the outer periphery of said molded thermoplastic member at the outer side of said upstanding skirt tapers slightly upwardly and outwardly.
12. The assembly of claim 11, where the inner and outer peripheries of said molded thermoplastic member each taper slightly upwardly and outwardly.
13. The assembly of claim 8, where the outer periphery of said metal disc is formed in a downwardly directly rim.
14. The assembly of claim 13, where said downwardly directed rim of said metal disc is received in a recess formed in the upper surface of said molded thermoplastic member at the base of said upwardly extending skirt.
15. The assembly of claim 1, where the material from which said molded thermoplastic member is formed is chosen from the group consisting of poly-propylene, polyethylene, nylon, and co-polymers thereof.
16. The assembly of claim 8, where the material from which said molded thermoplastic member is formed is chosen from the group consisting of poly-propylene, polyethylene, nylon, and co-polymers thereof.
17. The assembly of claim 16, where said material is polypropylene.
18. The assembly of claim 8, where at least one protrusion is formed in the underside of said molded thermoplastic member and is radially directed away from a downward extension of said centrally located boss, and has a thickness greater than that of said rupturable vent area.
19. In combination, a cylindrical sealed galvanic cell, having an anode, a cathode, and a generally cylindrical can into which the principal components of the cell are placed, said can having a closed end and an open end; and further comprising a sealing and insulating member at the open end of said can, said member being held in sealing relationship to said can by a crimp formed at the top edge of said can; where:
said sealing and insulating member comprises a molded thermoplastic body portion and a metal disc portion over said thermoplastic body portion, with a space between said disc and said thermoplastic body; and said metal disc has a central opening therein formed with a plurality of spaced radially inwardly directed projections fitted with the central opening of said projections in interference fit over a centrally located upwardly extending boss in the upper surface of said thermoplastic body portion; wherein the openings between said projections provide a passage for pressure equalization between the outside of said cell and the central area of said disc is higher than the periphery thereof; where there is an upwardly extending skirt around the outer edge of said upper surface of said molded thermoplastic body; where at least one portion of said molded thermoplastic body, other than at its center or outer periphery, is formed with a thickness less than that of the surrounding material thereof so as to provide a rupturable vent area of said molded thermoplastic body in the event that pressure within said sealed galvanic cell reaches a predetermined level; and where the lower surface of said disc is supported above the upper surface of said molded thermoplastic body by at least one ledge formed in said upper surface and spaced away from said central boss and away from said upwardly extending skirt.
said sealing and insulating member comprises a molded thermoplastic body portion and a metal disc portion over said thermoplastic body portion, with a space between said disc and said thermoplastic body; and said metal disc has a central opening therein formed with a plurality of spaced radially inwardly directed projections fitted with the central opening of said projections in interference fit over a centrally located upwardly extending boss in the upper surface of said thermoplastic body portion; wherein the openings between said projections provide a passage for pressure equalization between the outside of said cell and the central area of said disc is higher than the periphery thereof; where there is an upwardly extending skirt around the outer edge of said upper surface of said molded thermoplastic body; where at least one portion of said molded thermoplastic body, other than at its center or outer periphery, is formed with a thickness less than that of the surrounding material thereof so as to provide a rupturable vent area of said molded thermoplastic body in the event that pressure within said sealed galvanic cell reaches a predetermined level; and where the lower surface of said disc is supported above the upper surface of said molded thermoplastic body by at least one ledge formed in said upper surface and spaced away from said central boss and away from said upwardly extending skirt.
20. In combination, a cylindrical sealed galvanic cell, having an anode, a cathode, and a generally cylindrical can into which the principal components of the cell are placed, said can having a closed end and an open end; and further comprising a sealing and insulating member at the open end of said can, said member being held in sealing relationship to said can by a crimp formed at the top edge of said can; where:
said sealing and insulating member comprises a molded thermoplastic body portion and a metal disc portion over said thermoplastic body portion, with a space between said disc and said thermoplastic body; and said thermoplastic body portion has an inwardly directed shoulder at its periphery subtended by a downwardly and outwardly extending discontinuous skirt portion, which is formed as a plurality of discrete leg-like projections; and said metal disc has a central opening therein formed with a plurality of spaced radially inwardly directed projections fitted with the central opening of said projections in interference fit over a centrally located upwardly extending boss in the upper surface of said thermoplastic body portion;
wherein the openings between said projections provide a passage for pressure equalization between the outside of said cell and the space between said disc and said molded thermoplastic body.
said sealing and insulating member comprises a molded thermoplastic body portion and a metal disc portion over said thermoplastic body portion, with a space between said disc and said thermoplastic body; and said thermoplastic body portion has an inwardly directed shoulder at its periphery subtended by a downwardly and outwardly extending discontinuous skirt portion, which is formed as a plurality of discrete leg-like projections; and said metal disc has a central opening therein formed with a plurality of spaced radially inwardly directed projections fitted with the central opening of said projections in interference fit over a centrally located upwardly extending boss in the upper surface of said thermoplastic body portion;
wherein the openings between said projections provide a passage for pressure equalization between the outside of said cell and the space between said disc and said molded thermoplastic body.
21. The assembly of claim 20 wherein there is an upwardly extending skirt around the outer edge of said upper surface of said molded thermoplastic body and wherein the outer periphery of said metal disc is formed in a downwardly directed rim which is received in a recess formed in the upper surface of said molded thermoplastic member at the base of said upwardly extending skirt.
22. The assembly of claim 21 wherein at least one portion of said molded thermoplastic body, other than at its center or outer periphery, is formed with a thickness less than that of the surrounding material thereof so as to provide a rupturable vent area of said molded thermoplastic body in the event that pressure within said galvanic cell reaches a predetermined level.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US548,740 | 1983-11-04 | ||
| US06/548,740 US4537841A (en) | 1983-11-04 | 1983-11-04 | Metal-supported seals for galvanic cells |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1236161A true CA1236161A (en) | 1988-05-03 |
Family
ID=24190209
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000466034A Expired CA1236161A (en) | 1983-11-04 | 1984-10-22 | Metal supported seals for galvanic cells |
Country Status (15)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4537841A (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS60117541A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU562895B2 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE900928A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8405392A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1236161A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH665502A5 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3436415A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES8607627A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2554640B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2152272B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1178183B (en) |
| MX (1) | MX162109A (en) |
| SG (1) | SG18290G (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA848040B (en) |
Families Citing this family (28)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4606983A (en) * | 1985-02-25 | 1986-08-19 | Duracell Inc. | Anchored terminal conductor |
| DE3704536A1 (en) * | 1987-02-13 | 1988-08-25 | Varta Batterie | TIGHTLY SEALED GALVANIC ELEMENT |
| KR920004316B1 (en) * | 1987-08-28 | 1992-06-01 | 마쯔시다덴기산교 가부시가기아샤 | Alkali dry cell |
| GB2218564B (en) * | 1988-05-05 | 1991-05-15 | Duracell Int | Injection molded top |
| US4999264A (en) * | 1989-11-24 | 1991-03-12 | Duracell Inc. | Aqueous electrochemical cell |
| US5080985A (en) * | 1989-12-07 | 1992-01-14 | Duracell Inc. | High pressure seal for alkaline cells |
| IL114880A (en) * | 1994-08-24 | 1998-09-24 | Duracell Inc | Seal for electrochemical cell |
| US5532081A (en) * | 1994-08-24 | 1996-07-02 | Duracell Inc. | Upward deflecting support disk for electrochemical cell seal |
| US5491038A (en) * | 1994-08-24 | 1996-02-13 | Duracell Inc. | Contact ring for on-cell battery tester |
| IL114881A (en) * | 1994-08-24 | 1998-01-04 | Duracell Inc | Suppport disk for electrochemical cell seal |
| US6010802A (en) * | 1996-01-22 | 2000-01-04 | Rayovac Corporation | Current collector assembly |
| US6001504A (en) * | 1998-03-11 | 1999-12-14 | Duracell Inc. | Prismatic battery housing |
| US6127062A (en) * | 1998-03-24 | 2000-10-03 | Duracell Inc | End cap seal assembly for an electrochemical cell |
| US6025090A (en) * | 1998-05-15 | 2000-02-15 | Duracell Inc. | End cap assembly for an alkaline cell |
| US6042967A (en) * | 1998-07-29 | 2000-03-28 | Duracell Inc | End cap seal assembly for an electrochemical cell |
| JP2001148240A (en) * | 1999-11-22 | 2001-05-29 | Nec Corp | Secondary battery and its manufacturing method |
| US6887614B2 (en) * | 2001-07-30 | 2005-05-03 | The Gillette Company | End cap assembly for an electrochemical cell |
| US7491464B2 (en) * | 2003-01-03 | 2009-02-17 | The Gillette Company | Alkaline cell with flat housing |
| US7579105B2 (en) * | 2005-02-18 | 2009-08-25 | The Gillette Company | End cap assembly and vent for high power cells |
| ES2275419B1 (en) * | 2005-07-27 | 2008-04-16 | Celaya Emparanza Y Galdos, S.A. Cegasa | "SAFETY DEVICE IN STAIN CLOSURES OF ELECTROCHEMICAL BATTERIES". |
| US20080085450A1 (en) * | 2006-10-05 | 2008-04-10 | Depalma Christopher L | End cap seal assembly for an electrochemical cell |
| US20080102366A1 (en) * | 2006-10-31 | 2008-05-01 | Anglin David L | End cap seal for an electrochemical cell |
| US20080166626A1 (en) * | 2007-01-05 | 2008-07-10 | Yoppolo Robert A | End cap seal assembly for an electrochemical cell |
| US20080220316A1 (en) * | 2007-03-06 | 2008-09-11 | Berkowitz Fred J | End cap seal assembly for a lithium cell |
| US20090226805A1 (en) * | 2008-03-07 | 2009-09-10 | Robert Yoppolo | Battery |
| KR102565772B1 (en) | 2017-03-30 | 2023-08-10 | 도날드슨 컴파니, 인코포레이티드 | Vent with relief valve |
| RU181896U1 (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-07-26 | федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Нижегородский государственный технический университет им. Р.Е. Алексеева" (НГТУ) | Shockproof dustproof housing for diagnostic system |
| EP3537496B1 (en) * | 2018-03-05 | 2021-06-09 | H & T Marsberg GmbH & Co. KG | Battery can for a battery |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3068312A (en) * | 1958-11-19 | 1962-12-11 | Union Carbide Corp | Sealed galvanic cell |
| CA688500A (en) * | 1960-02-25 | 1964-06-09 | Carmichael Robert | Combined safety blow-out and gas permeable membrane for galvanic cells |
| US3318737A (en) * | 1963-12-25 | 1967-05-09 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Alkali dry cells |
| US3314824A (en) * | 1965-03-22 | 1967-04-18 | Union Carbide Corp | Puncture-type safety seal for galvanic cells |
| BE787331A (en) * | 1971-08-09 | 1973-02-08 | Union Carbide Corp | VALVE CAP FOR DRY BATTERIES |
| JPS5344232B2 (en) * | 1973-06-04 | 1978-11-27 | ||
| US3884722A (en) * | 1974-03-18 | 1975-05-20 | Union Carbide Corp | Alkaline galvanic cells |
| JPS5629882Y2 (en) * | 1976-09-20 | 1981-07-16 | ||
| US4075398A (en) * | 1976-10-26 | 1978-02-21 | Esb Incorporated | Means of providing pressure relief to sealed galvanic cell |
| US4227701A (en) * | 1979-01-02 | 1980-10-14 | Fuji Electrochemical Co., Ltd. | Rupturable sealing structure of cell |
| US4251602A (en) * | 1980-03-14 | 1981-02-17 | Union Carbide Corporation | High pressure safety vent for galvanic dry cells |
| JPS56138860A (en) * | 1980-04-01 | 1981-10-29 | Hitachi Maxell Ltd | Cylindrical alkaline battery |
| JPS6323882Y2 (en) * | 1981-05-27 | 1988-06-30 | ||
| CA1164936A (en) * | 1981-12-23 | 1984-04-03 | Charles Markin | Sealing and insulating member for galvanic cells |
-
1983
- 1983-11-04 US US06/548,740 patent/US4537841A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1984
- 1984-10-04 DE DE19843436415 patent/DE3436415A1/en active Granted
- 1984-10-04 DE DE8429178U patent/DE8429178U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1984-10-15 ZA ZA848040A patent/ZA848040B/en unknown
- 1984-10-22 CA CA000466034A patent/CA1236161A/en not_active Expired
- 1984-10-24 BR BR8405392A patent/BR8405392A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-10-29 BE BE0/213914A patent/BE900928A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-10-30 IT IT49091/84A patent/IT1178183B/en active
- 1984-10-30 AU AU34825/84A patent/AU562895B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1984-10-31 CH CH5215/84A patent/CH665502A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-10-31 GB GB08427498A patent/GB2152272B/en not_active Expired
- 1984-10-31 FR FR848416664A patent/FR2554640B1/en not_active Expired
- 1984-10-31 MX MX203228A patent/MX162109A/en unknown
- 1984-11-02 JP JP59232240A patent/JPS60117541A/en active Granted
- 1984-11-02 ES ES537346A patent/ES8607627A1/en not_active Expired
-
1990
- 1990-03-09 SG SG182/90A patent/SG18290G/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ZA848040B (en) | 1985-09-25 |
| DE8429178U1 (en) | 1994-06-30 |
| BR8405392A (en) | 1985-09-03 |
| JPH0558215B2 (en) | 1993-08-26 |
| SG18290G (en) | 1990-08-31 |
| FR2554640A1 (en) | 1985-05-10 |
| IT8449091A1 (en) | 1986-04-30 |
| JPS60117541A (en) | 1985-06-25 |
| GB2152272B (en) | 1987-03-18 |
| ES8607627A1 (en) | 1986-05-16 |
| MX162109A (en) | 1991-03-27 |
| GB2152272A (en) | 1985-07-31 |
| IT8449091A0 (en) | 1984-10-30 |
| DE3436415A1 (en) | 1985-05-15 |
| BE900928A (en) | 1985-02-15 |
| ES537346A0 (en) | 1986-05-16 |
| GB8427498D0 (en) | 1984-12-05 |
| DE3436415C2 (en) | 1993-08-05 |
| IT1178183B (en) | 1987-09-09 |
| US4537841A (en) | 1985-08-27 |
| CH665502A5 (en) | 1988-05-13 |
| AU3482584A (en) | 1985-05-09 |
| FR2554640B1 (en) | 1989-05-12 |
| AU562895B2 (en) | 1987-06-18 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| MKEX | Expiry |