CA1217311A - Storage tank construction - Google Patents
Storage tank constructionInfo
- Publication number
- CA1217311A CA1217311A CA000472932A CA472932A CA1217311A CA 1217311 A CA1217311 A CA 1217311A CA 000472932 A CA000472932 A CA 000472932A CA 472932 A CA472932 A CA 472932A CA 1217311 A CA1217311 A CA 1217311A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- tank
- shaft
- floor
- partial
- wall
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
- E04H12/30—Water-towers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
- E03B11/00—Arrangements or adaptations of tanks for water supply
- E03B11/10—Arrangements or adaptations of tanks for water supply for public or like main water supply
- E03B11/12—Arrangements or adaptations of tanks for water supply for public or like main water supply of high-level tanks
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
This invention relates to an elevated liquid storage tank and a method of constructing same. An upright, hollow, cylindrical concrete shaft is constructed having a closed upper end portion forming a tank support floor. An upper, outer ledge is formed around the periphery of the shaft adjacent to the tank support floor;
and a central, upright access tube is mounted in the tank support floor. An annular, steel tank wall is fabricated around the base of the shaft and hoisted to the top of the shaft using a plurality of jacks. The tank wall includes a lower annular ring beam and the space between the ring beam and the shaft upper end portion is filled with reinforced concrete to connect and retain the tank in position. Roof plates extend between the access tube and the tank wall to close the storage tank roof.
This invention relates to an elevated liquid storage tank and a method of constructing same. An upright, hollow, cylindrical concrete shaft is constructed having a closed upper end portion forming a tank support floor. An upper, outer ledge is formed around the periphery of the shaft adjacent to the tank support floor;
and a central, upright access tube is mounted in the tank support floor. An annular, steel tank wall is fabricated around the base of the shaft and hoisted to the top of the shaft using a plurality of jacks. The tank wall includes a lower annular ring beam and the space between the ring beam and the shaft upper end portion is filled with reinforced concrete to connect and retain the tank in position. Roof plates extend between the access tube and the tank wall to close the storage tank roof.
Description
- 2 - 1Z~31~
This invention relates to elevated liquid storage tanks and methods of constructing same.
In the past, it has been common practice to construct elevated liquid storage tanks, which are sometimes referred to as water towers, either out of concrete or structural steel. An economical form of concrete storage tank is a simple concrete cylinder which may be completely hollow, or it may be formed with an elevated concrete floor, the tank of course being that part of the cylinder above ~he floor. A difficulty with this type of storage tank is that it lacks aesthetic appeal.
Also, in cold climates it is usually not desirable to have the concrete in contact with the liquid being stored, because freezing and thawing can have a deleterious effect on the concrete. Of course, a liner or some form of coating could be used to protect the conrete, but this increases the cost of the storage tank considerably and can cause maintenance problems, esp~cially if leaks appear in the liner or coating.
An all steel elevated storage tank is sometimes better than a concrete storage tank from the point of view of water tightness and associated maintenance problems.
Most elevated steel storage tanks, however, are supported on structural steel tower structures which are themselves aesthetically unappealing, not to mention the maintenance problem of having to periodically paint t~e structural steel tower.
~Z1731~
As an improvement over the all steel or all concrete constructions elevated storage tanks have been made where the tower or column part is formed of concrete and the tank itself is formed of steel. Ordinarly, it would be very costly to fabricate a steel tank on the top of a concrete tower, but a method has been used in the past to construct a major portion of the steel tank at ground level and hoist same into position at the top of the concrete tower where a concrete tank floor is poured to interlock the steel tank and the concrete tower. This prior art method of construction is described in the applicants' previous Canadian Patent No. 1,091,883 and United States Patent No. 4,312,167. The construction of the storage tank itself is described in applicants' previous Canadian Patent No. 1,091,884 and United States Patent No. 4,327,531. While the liquid storage tanks described in these patents are aesthetically appealing, economical to produce and relatively maintenance free, the elevated storage tank and method of construction of the present invention is an improvement thereover, in that the storage tanks of the present invention are even more economical to produce, and if desired, the tank portion can be made into a continous steel water containment chamber, so that none of the structural concrete comes into contact with the li~uid in the tank.
According to one aspect of the invention, there is provided an elevated liquid storage tank comprising an ~Z173~1 upright, hollow, cylindrical shaft adapted to be anchored to a supporting base foundation. The shaft has an upright wall and a closed upper end portion with a top surface forming a partial tank support floor. The upper end portion has an upper, outer ledge formed around the periphery of the shaft spaced below the top surface. A
tank is mounted at the top of the shaft, the tank including a wall having a lower annular ring beam attached thereto and forming a lower tank opening. The ring beam has radially, inwardly projecting support means, the ring beam and tower upper end portion forming an annular recess.
Also, means are provided for filling the recess to connect the tank to the shaft and complete the tank support floor.
According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided an elevated storage tank comprising an upright, hollow cylindrical shaft adapted to be anchored to a supporting base foundation. The shaft has an upright wall and a closed upper end portion with a top surface forming a tank support floor. A tank is mounted at the top of the shaft, the tank having a peripheral wall connected to the shaft around the top peripheral edge of the shaft adjacent to the tank support floor. A central, upright lZ173~
access tube assembly is mounted in the tank support floor, and a plurality of radial roof closing members are supported by and extend radially, outwardly from the top of the access tube assembly to the tank wall to form the tank roof.
According to yet another aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of constructing an elevated liquid storage tank comprising the steps of erecting an upright, hollow, cylin~rical shaft including a closed upper end portion forming a partial tank support floor having a top surface. The shaft also includes an upright wall having an upper, outer ledge formed around the periphery of the shaft and spaced below the top surface. A partial annular steel tank is fabricated concentrically about the base of the shaft. The partial tank includes a wall having a lower annular ring beam with inwardly projecting support members. The partial tank is hoisted to the top of the shaft so that the ring beam is opposite to the ledge forming a continuous annular recess around the periphery of the shaft, and the annular recess is filled with reinforced concrete to connect the partial tank to the shaft.
~Z1731~
A preferred embodiment of the invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
S Figure 1 is a diagrammatic, vertical elevational view, partly broken away, of a preferred embodiment of an elevated liquid storage tank according to the present invention;
Figure 2 is a sectional view taken along lines 2-2 of Figure l;
Figure 3 is a partial plan view taken along lines
This invention relates to elevated liquid storage tanks and methods of constructing same.
In the past, it has been common practice to construct elevated liquid storage tanks, which are sometimes referred to as water towers, either out of concrete or structural steel. An economical form of concrete storage tank is a simple concrete cylinder which may be completely hollow, or it may be formed with an elevated concrete floor, the tank of course being that part of the cylinder above ~he floor. A difficulty with this type of storage tank is that it lacks aesthetic appeal.
Also, in cold climates it is usually not desirable to have the concrete in contact with the liquid being stored, because freezing and thawing can have a deleterious effect on the concrete. Of course, a liner or some form of coating could be used to protect the conrete, but this increases the cost of the storage tank considerably and can cause maintenance problems, esp~cially if leaks appear in the liner or coating.
An all steel elevated storage tank is sometimes better than a concrete storage tank from the point of view of water tightness and associated maintenance problems.
Most elevated steel storage tanks, however, are supported on structural steel tower structures which are themselves aesthetically unappealing, not to mention the maintenance problem of having to periodically paint t~e structural steel tower.
~Z1731~
As an improvement over the all steel or all concrete constructions elevated storage tanks have been made where the tower or column part is formed of concrete and the tank itself is formed of steel. Ordinarly, it would be very costly to fabricate a steel tank on the top of a concrete tower, but a method has been used in the past to construct a major portion of the steel tank at ground level and hoist same into position at the top of the concrete tower where a concrete tank floor is poured to interlock the steel tank and the concrete tower. This prior art method of construction is described in the applicants' previous Canadian Patent No. 1,091,883 and United States Patent No. 4,312,167. The construction of the storage tank itself is described in applicants' previous Canadian Patent No. 1,091,884 and United States Patent No. 4,327,531. While the liquid storage tanks described in these patents are aesthetically appealing, economical to produce and relatively maintenance free, the elevated storage tank and method of construction of the present invention is an improvement thereover, in that the storage tanks of the present invention are even more economical to produce, and if desired, the tank portion can be made into a continous steel water containment chamber, so that none of the structural concrete comes into contact with the li~uid in the tank.
According to one aspect of the invention, there is provided an elevated liquid storage tank comprising an ~Z173~1 upright, hollow, cylindrical shaft adapted to be anchored to a supporting base foundation. The shaft has an upright wall and a closed upper end portion with a top surface forming a partial tank support floor. The upper end portion has an upper, outer ledge formed around the periphery of the shaft spaced below the top surface. A
tank is mounted at the top of the shaft, the tank including a wall having a lower annular ring beam attached thereto and forming a lower tank opening. The ring beam has radially, inwardly projecting support means, the ring beam and tower upper end portion forming an annular recess.
Also, means are provided for filling the recess to connect the tank to the shaft and complete the tank support floor.
According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided an elevated storage tank comprising an upright, hollow cylindrical shaft adapted to be anchored to a supporting base foundation. The shaft has an upright wall and a closed upper end portion with a top surface forming a tank support floor. A tank is mounted at the top of the shaft, the tank having a peripheral wall connected to the shaft around the top peripheral edge of the shaft adjacent to the tank support floor. A central, upright lZ173~
access tube assembly is mounted in the tank support floor, and a plurality of radial roof closing members are supported by and extend radially, outwardly from the top of the access tube assembly to the tank wall to form the tank roof.
According to yet another aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of constructing an elevated liquid storage tank comprising the steps of erecting an upright, hollow, cylin~rical shaft including a closed upper end portion forming a partial tank support floor having a top surface. The shaft also includes an upright wall having an upper, outer ledge formed around the periphery of the shaft and spaced below the top surface. A partial annular steel tank is fabricated concentrically about the base of the shaft. The partial tank includes a wall having a lower annular ring beam with inwardly projecting support members. The partial tank is hoisted to the top of the shaft so that the ring beam is opposite to the ledge forming a continuous annular recess around the periphery of the shaft, and the annular recess is filled with reinforced concrete to connect the partial tank to the shaft.
~Z1731~
A preferred embodiment of the invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
S Figure 1 is a diagrammatic, vertical elevational view, partly broken away, of a preferred embodiment of an elevated liquid storage tank according to the present invention;
Figure 2 is a sectional view taken along lines 2-2 of Figure l;
Figure 3 is a partial plan view taken along lines
3-3 of Figure l;
Figure 4 is a partial plan view taken along lines
Figure 4 is a partial plan view taken along lines
4-4 of Figure l;
lS Figure 5 is a vertical sectional view taken along lines 5-5 of Figure 4;
Figure 6 is a partial plan view taken along lines 6-6 of Figure 5 with the concrete removed from the annular recess between the tank ring beam and the shaft end portion thrust ring;
Figure 7 is a plan view of the roof landing showing the access openings for access to the inside of the tank;
lZ~311 Figure 8 is a vertical sectional view of the central access tube and roof landing taken along lines 8-8 of Figure 7;
Figure 9 is a vertical sectional view of the intersection of the tank top wall portion and one of the roof plates;
Figure 10 is a vertical sectional view of the intersection of one of the roof plates and the roof landing;
Figure 11 is a plan view of one of the roof plates;
Figure 12 is a diagramatic, elevational view of the storage tank showing the partial tank that was fabricated at the base of the tower being raised into position at the top of the tower;
Figure 13 is a perspective view of a portion of the shaft upper end portion showing a jack mounted on the peripheral ledge with a lifting cable passing therethrough to raise the tank.
Figure 14 is a vertical sectional view illustrating another embodiment and method of connecting the shaft to the partial tank; and Figure 15 is a vertical sectional view similar to Figure 5 but showing the embodiment illustrated in Figure 14 on an enlarged scale.
3~1 Referring to the drawings, a preferred embodiment of an elevated liquid storage tank or tower according to the present invention is generally indicated by reference numeral 10. Storage tank lQ includes an upright, hollow, cylindrical shaft 12 formed of reinforced concrete and a steel tank 14 mounted on top of the shaft. Shaft 12 is supported on a foundation 16 indicated by dotted lines in Figure 1. Foundation 16 is not considered to be part of the present invention, so it will not be described in detail. However, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that foundation 16 must be suited to the soil conditions and capable of supporting the weight of the storage tank 10 and the liquid contained therein.
Shaft 12 is shown to be circular in cross-section in the drawings, but it could be octagonal or hexagonal or have any other cross-sectional configuration as desired.
The term "cylindrical" as used in this specification is intended to include any desired cross-sectional configuration. For the purposes of clarity, the reinforcing steel used in concrete shaft 12 and perhaps foundation 16 has been omitted. The exact pattern and type of reinforcement used in shaft 12 is conventional and typically would include steel reinforcing bar and welded wire mesh as required.
The dimensions of storage tank 10 are such that tank 14 would typically hold between 100,000 and 3,000,000 gallons (450,000 to 13,000,000 litres) of liquid, such as water, at a height of about 100 to 150 feet (30 to 45 meters) above the ground. Shaft 12 is typically 10 to 50 lZ~731~
feet (3 to 15 metres) in diameter, with a wall thickness of between 6 and 20 inches (15 to 50 centimeters).
As seen best in Figures 1, 2, 5 and 8, shaft 12 includes an upright wall 18 and an upper end portion 20 including a partial tank support floor 22 having a top surface 24. Partial tank support floor 22 and upright wall 18 are joined together by an integral, enlarged peripheral thrust ring 26. The mass of thrust ring 26 is balanced about the centre line of the partial tank support floor 22 to minimiæe bending stresses in the support floor 22 and the shaft wall 18. Partial tank support floor 22 supports only an interior part of the complete tanX, as will be described further below. In the preferred embodiment, a corbel 28 is formed adjacent to the shaft upper end portion 20 and the upper surface of corbel 28 forms an upper, outwardly disposed outer ledge 30 (see Figure 13) on which steel tank 14 is mounted. Outer ledge 30 is spaced below top surface 24 and extends around the periphery of shaft 12. Outer ledge 30 and corbel 28 are formed with a plurality of radially disposed outwardly opening recesses 32, the purpose of which will be described further below. The top edges of recesses 30 are reinforced by steel angles 34 which are cast into the concrete when it is poured. As seen best in Figure 6, steel angles 34 have forward anchors 36 and a rear bridge member 38 to increase the reinforcing capability of the angles. Concrete gussets 40 are formed between outer ledge 30 and ~hrust ring 26, so that the resulting construction joint at the surface of gussets 40 :~Z173~L1 is perpendicular and symmetrically placed about the line of thrust indicated by chain dotted line 41 (see Figure 5).
Thrust line 41 is the line of ~hrust of the floor of steel tank 14 when it is filled with liquid. Concrete gussets 40 extend circumferentially around the upper end portion 20 with interruptions at each recess 32 as seen best in Figure 13.
Shaft 12 is also formed with the usual access door 42 and a machine room 44 for housing the usual pumps, valves and controls, etc. A ladder 46 is moun-ted on the inside of shaft wall 18 for gaining access to tank 14 and the usual fill and drain pipes 48, 50 are also mounted on the inside of wall 18 leading up to tank 14.
The wall of steel tank 14 has several parts or portions starting at the bottom with an upwardly and outwardly disposed conical floor portion 52, a vertical side wall portion 54 attached to floor portion 52, and an upwardly and inwardly disposed conical top wall portion 56 attached to side wall portion 54. For the purposes of this specification, floor portion 52, side wall portion 54 and top wall portion 56 are all considered to be part of the wall of steel tank 14, alghtough floor portion 52 could be considered to form part of the floor of the completed tank.
73~1 Floor portion 52 is attached to an annular ring beam 58 which is itself formed of several components. Ring beam 58 serves two main functions. During the lifting o~
the tank into position at the top of shaft 12, ring beam 58 provides a stiff member to distribute the local point reactions applied by the attachment of lifting cables 60 (see Figures 12 and 13). When tank 14 is in its final position, ring beam 58 serves as a means for transferring the structural forces from the tank floor portion 52 into the concrete of the upper end portion 20 of shaft 12.
As seen best in Figure 5, ring beam 58 includes an annular vertical skirt 62 and a top angle 64 to which floor portion 52 is attached. Ring beam 58 also includes an annular bottom plate 66 and vertical knife plates 68.
Knife plates 68 have lifting holes 70 for attachment of lifting cables 60. Knife plates 68 are typically circumferentially spaced apart at about 5 foot (1.5 meter) intervals. Ring beam 58 also includes a lower painter's rail 72 and an upper forming angle 74. Top angle 64 also has circumferentially spaced apart strengthening gussets 76. Top angle 64 and knife plates 68 are radially inwardly projecting support means for tank 14. The various components of ring beam 58 are dimensioned so that the ring beam provides the necessary bending and torsional support for lifting and retaining tank 14 in position as mentioned above.
- 12 - ~Z17~1 As seen best in Figure 4, the tank floor portion 52 is formed of a plurality of steel plates in the form of conical segments 78. If desired, conical segments 78 can be formed with inner and outer portions, the inner portions being thicker for higher strength. Radial strengthening plates 80 are provided at the junctions of the segments 78 with the ring beam top angle 64. It will be appreciated that ring beam 58 forms a lower tank opening before the tank ~s hoisted and secured in position. The knife plates 6~ project radially, inwardly to rest on outer ledge 30 to support the tank while it is being secured in position, as will be discussed further below.
The chain dotted lines in Figure 5 indicate the direction of the thrust from the tank wall and the tank support floor. The angle of inclination of the floor portion 52 and the convexity of the partial tank support floor 22 are such that the thrust from the floor portion and the thrust from the tank support floor meet approximately at the centre line of shaft wall 18 when tank 14 is filled with liquid.
Referring next to Figures 1, 7 and 8, a central vertical access tube assembly 82 is mounted in partial tank support floor 22 for access from the inside of shaft 12 to the roof of the structure. Access tube assembly 82 includes a centraL tube 84 having a lower portion 86 cast into the concrete of partial tank support floor 22, and an upper portion 88 joined to lower portion 86. Annular flanges 90 are attached to lower portion 86, and partial tank support floor 22 is thickened - 13 - lZ~73~1 to form a haunch about lower portion 86 which locks to flanges 9Q to ully support the access tube a~sembly. By forming central tube 84 in two parts, the lower portion 86 c~n be easily cast into the partial tank support floor, and thereafter, the upper portion 88 is just attached thereto.
For this purpose, temporary angle brackets 92 and leveling bolts 94 can be provided at the connection of the ~wo portions 86, 88. After plumbing and aligning the upper portion 86, the two tube portions are welded together and temporary angle brackets 92 and leveling bolts 94 are removed.
A roof landing 96 is mounted at the top of central tube 84. Roof landing 96 includes a top plate 98 and a plurality of radial support members 100. The periphery of roof landing 96 has an annular stiffening member 102 and a painter's rail 104 is attached thereto. A
vent opening 106 and an access opening 108 are provided in top plate 98 and suitable covers are provided for vent opening 106, access opening 108, and the top of central tube 84. Ladders 110, 112 are attached to central tube 84, so that a person can climb upwardly inside tube 84 out on to roof landing 96 and down through access opening 108 into the interior of tank 14. Grip rails 114 are provided as well as an upper railing 116 (see Figure 1) for safety purposes. An overflow weir 118 i3 mounted near the top of tube 84 and a drain pipe 120 passes downwardly rom weir 118 through partial tank support floor 22 to be connected to the drain pipe 50 mounted on the inside o concrete shaft 12. A flange 122 is attached to drain pipe 120 where it passes through partial tank support floor 22 and performs a function similar to flanges 90.
Referring next to Figures 9, 10 and 11, the tank roof will now be described in detail. It will be noted from Figure 9 that the upper peripheral edge of top wall portion 56 is formed with a stiffening rim element 124 held in position by gussets 126. An interior painter's rail 128 is attached to gussets 126. Roof plates 130 span the distance between the top wall portion 56 and roof landing 96. As seen best in Figure 11, roof plates 130 are in the form of conical segments. Radial stiffening ribs 132 are provided on the underside of roof plates 130 and knives 134, 136 are provided on top of roof plates 130 above stiffening ribs 132 to support the roof plates in position.
It will be appreciated that knives 134 extend beyond roof plates 130 to overlap rim elements 124, so spacer plates 138 are used to fill the gap there~etween. Spacer plates are not required at the inner ends of roof plates 130, ~ecause the roof plates themselves extend inwardly to overlap the roof landing top plate 98. It will be seen from Figure 11, that the knives 134, 136 and associated stiffening ribs 132 are located closer to one side edge of roof plate 130 than the other. This is to keep one side edge of the roof plate straight. The other side edge, therefore, is a little more flexible so that it can conform with the adjacent mating side edge of the next plate.
- 15 ~ 1 Z ~3 ~ 1 However, if desired, stiffening ribs 1~2 can be evenly spaced from each longtitudinal edge of roof plate 130, or other combinations of roof elements can be employed.
The method of constructing storage tank 10 begins with the erection of upright, hollow, cylindrical shaft 12 including the closed upper end portion 20. Shaft 12 can be constructed using any suitable procedure such as a jump forming or slip forming techinque. A particularly convenient method and apparatus is described in applicants' previous Canadian Patent No. 1,091,883 and the corresponding United States Patent ~o. 4,312,167. Of course, prior to erecting shaft 12, a suitable foundation 16 would be constructed, and while partial tank support floor 22 is being made, central tube lower portion 86, drain pipe 122 and a similar fill pipe would also be installed. Otherwise, the construction of shaft 12 is done using conventional techniques, including the placement of suitable reinforcing steel therein as would be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Once shaft 12 has been substantially completed, the wall portions and lower ring beam of tank 14 are fabricated concentrically about the base of shaft 12 to form a partial tank 139. This may be done using suitable jig structures 140 as shown in Figure 12. Jack stands 142 (see Figure 13) are then temporarily mounted on outer ledge 30 in the spaces between concrete gussets 40. Each jack stand 142 is in the nature of an A-frame with upper and lower tie back plates 144, 146. Removeable braces (not shown) are connected to the back plates 144, 146 to anchor 3~1 or retain the jack stands in position. The legs of the jack stands are located on resilient pads 148 typically formed of 1 inch thick neoprene rubber. There are typically 12 to 36 jack stands 1~2, and the resilient pads 148 balance or equalize the load carried by each jack stand as the partial tank 139 is hoisted into position.
Hydraulic jacks 150 are mounted on top of jack stands 142, and these jacks act on lifting cables 60 which are connected to knife plates 68 as mentioned above. Spring loaded jaw-type anchors 152 are mounted in jack stands 142 to grip and retain the lifting cables 60 when jacks 150 reach the limit of their extension and must ~e returned for a fresh grip on the lifting cable.
Jacks 150 are hydraulically connected to a common source of hydraulic pressure so that they can be operated in unison for lifting the tank. The jacks can also be operated separately for lifting and alignment of the tank as well. The jacks are operated until the partial tank 139 is lifted into the position shown in chain dotted lines in Figure 12. It will be appreciated from Figures 5 and 6, that as the partial tank is hoisted to the top of shaft 12, lifting cables 60 and knife plates 68 pass upwardly through recesses 32. The partial tank is hoisted until knife plates 68 are slightly above outer ledge 30. ~t this point, closure plates 154 are inserted to span the gap between ring beam 58 and outer ledge 30. Shims 156 are then placed under knife plates 68 to bridge recesses 32.
- 17 - 12173~
The tank is then lowered slightly until knife plates 68 rest on and are supported by shims 156. Lifting cables 60 are then detached from knife plates 68 and jack stands 142 are removed. At this point, it will be appreciated that ring beam 58, closure plates 154 and the upper end portion of shaft wall 18 form an annular recess. Suitable reinforcing steel is then placed in this recess and it is filled with concrete 158 to form a complete tank support floor, to connect the steel partial tank 139 to the upper end portion of the concrete shaft, to form a water-tight tank, and to transmit the forces generated in the conical tank floor and ring beam to the concrete thrust ring 26 when the tank is filled with liquid.
Although tank 14 is watertight at this point, it is desirable to instal a steel floor liner 160 to cover the tank support floor. The peripheral edge of floor liner 160 is welded to angle 74, and also to the central access tube 84 and the drain and fill pipes, so that tank 14 has a continuous steel floor to make it absolutely watertight.
In order to ensure that floor liner 160 does not itself support any structural loads, holes are drilled in the floor liner and grout 162 is forced beneath floor liner 160 to fill any voids located beneath the liner. The holes are then capped or plugged in a suitable manner.
Access tube assembly 82 is then installed as mentioned above and roof plates 130 are installed to lZ~731~
complete the tank roof. Finally, the remaining elements such as the covers for access and vent openings 106, 108, the remainder of the piping, additional ladders, cat walks, etc., and the pumps and valves are installed to complete the construction.
Referring next to Figures 14 and 15, another embodiment o an elevated liquid storage tank and method of constructing same according to the present invention will now be described. In Figures 14 and 15, primed reference numerals are used to illustrate components which are similar to the embodiments shown in Figures 1 to 13. The main difference between storage tank 10~ and the previously described storage tank lies in the manner in which the steel tank 14' is connected to the concrete shaft 12'.
Rather than providing a corbel adjacent to the shaft upper end portion, shaft 12' has an upper, peripheral, annular recess 164 forming the upper, outwardly disposed outer ledge 30'. Ring beam 58' is formed without knife plates and partial steel tank 139' is lifted into position by attaching lifting cables 60 to circumferentially spaced apart gusset plates 166 connected between floor portion 52' and top angle 64'. Annular recess 164, ring beam 58' and closure plates 154' then form a U-shaped annular recess which is filled with reinforced concrete (not shown) in a manner similar to the previous embodiments to connect the partial tank to the upper end portion of the concrete shaft. In this embodiment, top lZ~L73~1 angles 64' form radially inwardly projecting support means for tank 14'. As in the case of the previous embodiments, the annular connection or seal between tank 14' and shaft 12' makes the tank water-tight and transmits the forces generated in the conical tank floor and ring beam to the concrete trust ring 26' when the tank is filled with liquid. A steel floor liner (not shown) can also be installed as in the previous embodiments.
In order to ensure that lifting cables 60 remain generally vertical while partial tank 139' is being lifted, it is necessary to provide a cantilever structure 168 to hold each of the jacks 150' out over the point of attachment of the lifting cables. Cantilever structures 168 are anchored to the tank partial support floor 22' by suitable temporary anchors 170 and resilient pads 148' are provided under the outer ends of cantilever structures 168 to balance or equalize the load carried by each jack as in the previous embodiments. Jacks 150' must remain in place until the concrete joint or seal is made between partial tank 13~' and shaft 12', and thereafter the jacks and cantilever structures are removed and the remainder of the tank is completed in a manner similar to that for the previously described embodiments.
Having described preferred embodiments of this invention, it will be appreciated that various modifications may be made to the structures and methods described. For example, where knife plates 68 are used, - 20 ~ 1 Z ~ ~ 3 1 1 they do not have to pass through recesses 32 in corbel 28.
The knife plates, or or supporting members, could be made so that they do not project inwardly as far as the outer ledge 30, and some other type of shim member could be used for supporting the knife plates on the outer ledge. After the reinforced concrete 58 has been poured to connect the ring beam to the upper end portion of the shaft, it is this reinforced concrete filler that transmits the load of the tank wall to the shaft. Knife plates 68 could be installed after the tank has been hoisted into position at the top of the shaft, and in this case, the recesses in the corbel could be also be eliminated. In fact, the corbel itself could be eliminated by forming outer ledge 30 in the top of wall 18 as in the embodiment shown in Figures 14 and 15.
It may be necessary to attach the lifting cables at a different location on the ring beam or move the jacks further outwardly to keep the lifting cables generally vertical. It will also be apparent to those skilled in the art that the tank support floor 22 could be other configurations than convex, such as flat or conical. In fact, tank support floor 22 could be formed of steel rather than reinforced concrete. Also, the access tube assembly could be mounted in the tank support floor in another manner, with or without an access opening through the floor. The access opening could be provided in another location in the floor, or access to the interior of the tank could be through the roof only. Various other lZ:1731~
modifications or alternatives will be apparent to persons skilled in the art, and all of these variations or modifications are considered to be within the scope of the present invention.
lS Figure 5 is a vertical sectional view taken along lines 5-5 of Figure 4;
Figure 6 is a partial plan view taken along lines 6-6 of Figure 5 with the concrete removed from the annular recess between the tank ring beam and the shaft end portion thrust ring;
Figure 7 is a plan view of the roof landing showing the access openings for access to the inside of the tank;
lZ~311 Figure 8 is a vertical sectional view of the central access tube and roof landing taken along lines 8-8 of Figure 7;
Figure 9 is a vertical sectional view of the intersection of the tank top wall portion and one of the roof plates;
Figure 10 is a vertical sectional view of the intersection of one of the roof plates and the roof landing;
Figure 11 is a plan view of one of the roof plates;
Figure 12 is a diagramatic, elevational view of the storage tank showing the partial tank that was fabricated at the base of the tower being raised into position at the top of the tower;
Figure 13 is a perspective view of a portion of the shaft upper end portion showing a jack mounted on the peripheral ledge with a lifting cable passing therethrough to raise the tank.
Figure 14 is a vertical sectional view illustrating another embodiment and method of connecting the shaft to the partial tank; and Figure 15 is a vertical sectional view similar to Figure 5 but showing the embodiment illustrated in Figure 14 on an enlarged scale.
3~1 Referring to the drawings, a preferred embodiment of an elevated liquid storage tank or tower according to the present invention is generally indicated by reference numeral 10. Storage tank lQ includes an upright, hollow, cylindrical shaft 12 formed of reinforced concrete and a steel tank 14 mounted on top of the shaft. Shaft 12 is supported on a foundation 16 indicated by dotted lines in Figure 1. Foundation 16 is not considered to be part of the present invention, so it will not be described in detail. However, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that foundation 16 must be suited to the soil conditions and capable of supporting the weight of the storage tank 10 and the liquid contained therein.
Shaft 12 is shown to be circular in cross-section in the drawings, but it could be octagonal or hexagonal or have any other cross-sectional configuration as desired.
The term "cylindrical" as used in this specification is intended to include any desired cross-sectional configuration. For the purposes of clarity, the reinforcing steel used in concrete shaft 12 and perhaps foundation 16 has been omitted. The exact pattern and type of reinforcement used in shaft 12 is conventional and typically would include steel reinforcing bar and welded wire mesh as required.
The dimensions of storage tank 10 are such that tank 14 would typically hold between 100,000 and 3,000,000 gallons (450,000 to 13,000,000 litres) of liquid, such as water, at a height of about 100 to 150 feet (30 to 45 meters) above the ground. Shaft 12 is typically 10 to 50 lZ~731~
feet (3 to 15 metres) in diameter, with a wall thickness of between 6 and 20 inches (15 to 50 centimeters).
As seen best in Figures 1, 2, 5 and 8, shaft 12 includes an upright wall 18 and an upper end portion 20 including a partial tank support floor 22 having a top surface 24. Partial tank support floor 22 and upright wall 18 are joined together by an integral, enlarged peripheral thrust ring 26. The mass of thrust ring 26 is balanced about the centre line of the partial tank support floor 22 to minimiæe bending stresses in the support floor 22 and the shaft wall 18. Partial tank support floor 22 supports only an interior part of the complete tanX, as will be described further below. In the preferred embodiment, a corbel 28 is formed adjacent to the shaft upper end portion 20 and the upper surface of corbel 28 forms an upper, outwardly disposed outer ledge 30 (see Figure 13) on which steel tank 14 is mounted. Outer ledge 30 is spaced below top surface 24 and extends around the periphery of shaft 12. Outer ledge 30 and corbel 28 are formed with a plurality of radially disposed outwardly opening recesses 32, the purpose of which will be described further below. The top edges of recesses 30 are reinforced by steel angles 34 which are cast into the concrete when it is poured. As seen best in Figure 6, steel angles 34 have forward anchors 36 and a rear bridge member 38 to increase the reinforcing capability of the angles. Concrete gussets 40 are formed between outer ledge 30 and ~hrust ring 26, so that the resulting construction joint at the surface of gussets 40 :~Z173~L1 is perpendicular and symmetrically placed about the line of thrust indicated by chain dotted line 41 (see Figure 5).
Thrust line 41 is the line of ~hrust of the floor of steel tank 14 when it is filled with liquid. Concrete gussets 40 extend circumferentially around the upper end portion 20 with interruptions at each recess 32 as seen best in Figure 13.
Shaft 12 is also formed with the usual access door 42 and a machine room 44 for housing the usual pumps, valves and controls, etc. A ladder 46 is moun-ted on the inside of shaft wall 18 for gaining access to tank 14 and the usual fill and drain pipes 48, 50 are also mounted on the inside of wall 18 leading up to tank 14.
The wall of steel tank 14 has several parts or portions starting at the bottom with an upwardly and outwardly disposed conical floor portion 52, a vertical side wall portion 54 attached to floor portion 52, and an upwardly and inwardly disposed conical top wall portion 56 attached to side wall portion 54. For the purposes of this specification, floor portion 52, side wall portion 54 and top wall portion 56 are all considered to be part of the wall of steel tank 14, alghtough floor portion 52 could be considered to form part of the floor of the completed tank.
73~1 Floor portion 52 is attached to an annular ring beam 58 which is itself formed of several components. Ring beam 58 serves two main functions. During the lifting o~
the tank into position at the top of shaft 12, ring beam 58 provides a stiff member to distribute the local point reactions applied by the attachment of lifting cables 60 (see Figures 12 and 13). When tank 14 is in its final position, ring beam 58 serves as a means for transferring the structural forces from the tank floor portion 52 into the concrete of the upper end portion 20 of shaft 12.
As seen best in Figure 5, ring beam 58 includes an annular vertical skirt 62 and a top angle 64 to which floor portion 52 is attached. Ring beam 58 also includes an annular bottom plate 66 and vertical knife plates 68.
Knife plates 68 have lifting holes 70 for attachment of lifting cables 60. Knife plates 68 are typically circumferentially spaced apart at about 5 foot (1.5 meter) intervals. Ring beam 58 also includes a lower painter's rail 72 and an upper forming angle 74. Top angle 64 also has circumferentially spaced apart strengthening gussets 76. Top angle 64 and knife plates 68 are radially inwardly projecting support means for tank 14. The various components of ring beam 58 are dimensioned so that the ring beam provides the necessary bending and torsional support for lifting and retaining tank 14 in position as mentioned above.
- 12 - ~Z17~1 As seen best in Figure 4, the tank floor portion 52 is formed of a plurality of steel plates in the form of conical segments 78. If desired, conical segments 78 can be formed with inner and outer portions, the inner portions being thicker for higher strength. Radial strengthening plates 80 are provided at the junctions of the segments 78 with the ring beam top angle 64. It will be appreciated that ring beam 58 forms a lower tank opening before the tank ~s hoisted and secured in position. The knife plates 6~ project radially, inwardly to rest on outer ledge 30 to support the tank while it is being secured in position, as will be discussed further below.
The chain dotted lines in Figure 5 indicate the direction of the thrust from the tank wall and the tank support floor. The angle of inclination of the floor portion 52 and the convexity of the partial tank support floor 22 are such that the thrust from the floor portion and the thrust from the tank support floor meet approximately at the centre line of shaft wall 18 when tank 14 is filled with liquid.
Referring next to Figures 1, 7 and 8, a central vertical access tube assembly 82 is mounted in partial tank support floor 22 for access from the inside of shaft 12 to the roof of the structure. Access tube assembly 82 includes a centraL tube 84 having a lower portion 86 cast into the concrete of partial tank support floor 22, and an upper portion 88 joined to lower portion 86. Annular flanges 90 are attached to lower portion 86, and partial tank support floor 22 is thickened - 13 - lZ~73~1 to form a haunch about lower portion 86 which locks to flanges 9Q to ully support the access tube a~sembly. By forming central tube 84 in two parts, the lower portion 86 c~n be easily cast into the partial tank support floor, and thereafter, the upper portion 88 is just attached thereto.
For this purpose, temporary angle brackets 92 and leveling bolts 94 can be provided at the connection of the ~wo portions 86, 88. After plumbing and aligning the upper portion 86, the two tube portions are welded together and temporary angle brackets 92 and leveling bolts 94 are removed.
A roof landing 96 is mounted at the top of central tube 84. Roof landing 96 includes a top plate 98 and a plurality of radial support members 100. The periphery of roof landing 96 has an annular stiffening member 102 and a painter's rail 104 is attached thereto. A
vent opening 106 and an access opening 108 are provided in top plate 98 and suitable covers are provided for vent opening 106, access opening 108, and the top of central tube 84. Ladders 110, 112 are attached to central tube 84, so that a person can climb upwardly inside tube 84 out on to roof landing 96 and down through access opening 108 into the interior of tank 14. Grip rails 114 are provided as well as an upper railing 116 (see Figure 1) for safety purposes. An overflow weir 118 i3 mounted near the top of tube 84 and a drain pipe 120 passes downwardly rom weir 118 through partial tank support floor 22 to be connected to the drain pipe 50 mounted on the inside o concrete shaft 12. A flange 122 is attached to drain pipe 120 where it passes through partial tank support floor 22 and performs a function similar to flanges 90.
Referring next to Figures 9, 10 and 11, the tank roof will now be described in detail. It will be noted from Figure 9 that the upper peripheral edge of top wall portion 56 is formed with a stiffening rim element 124 held in position by gussets 126. An interior painter's rail 128 is attached to gussets 126. Roof plates 130 span the distance between the top wall portion 56 and roof landing 96. As seen best in Figure 11, roof plates 130 are in the form of conical segments. Radial stiffening ribs 132 are provided on the underside of roof plates 130 and knives 134, 136 are provided on top of roof plates 130 above stiffening ribs 132 to support the roof plates in position.
It will be appreciated that knives 134 extend beyond roof plates 130 to overlap rim elements 124, so spacer plates 138 are used to fill the gap there~etween. Spacer plates are not required at the inner ends of roof plates 130, ~ecause the roof plates themselves extend inwardly to overlap the roof landing top plate 98. It will be seen from Figure 11, that the knives 134, 136 and associated stiffening ribs 132 are located closer to one side edge of roof plate 130 than the other. This is to keep one side edge of the roof plate straight. The other side edge, therefore, is a little more flexible so that it can conform with the adjacent mating side edge of the next plate.
- 15 ~ 1 Z ~3 ~ 1 However, if desired, stiffening ribs 1~2 can be evenly spaced from each longtitudinal edge of roof plate 130, or other combinations of roof elements can be employed.
The method of constructing storage tank 10 begins with the erection of upright, hollow, cylindrical shaft 12 including the closed upper end portion 20. Shaft 12 can be constructed using any suitable procedure such as a jump forming or slip forming techinque. A particularly convenient method and apparatus is described in applicants' previous Canadian Patent No. 1,091,883 and the corresponding United States Patent ~o. 4,312,167. Of course, prior to erecting shaft 12, a suitable foundation 16 would be constructed, and while partial tank support floor 22 is being made, central tube lower portion 86, drain pipe 122 and a similar fill pipe would also be installed. Otherwise, the construction of shaft 12 is done using conventional techniques, including the placement of suitable reinforcing steel therein as would be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Once shaft 12 has been substantially completed, the wall portions and lower ring beam of tank 14 are fabricated concentrically about the base of shaft 12 to form a partial tank 139. This may be done using suitable jig structures 140 as shown in Figure 12. Jack stands 142 (see Figure 13) are then temporarily mounted on outer ledge 30 in the spaces between concrete gussets 40. Each jack stand 142 is in the nature of an A-frame with upper and lower tie back plates 144, 146. Removeable braces (not shown) are connected to the back plates 144, 146 to anchor 3~1 or retain the jack stands in position. The legs of the jack stands are located on resilient pads 148 typically formed of 1 inch thick neoprene rubber. There are typically 12 to 36 jack stands 1~2, and the resilient pads 148 balance or equalize the load carried by each jack stand as the partial tank 139 is hoisted into position.
Hydraulic jacks 150 are mounted on top of jack stands 142, and these jacks act on lifting cables 60 which are connected to knife plates 68 as mentioned above. Spring loaded jaw-type anchors 152 are mounted in jack stands 142 to grip and retain the lifting cables 60 when jacks 150 reach the limit of their extension and must ~e returned for a fresh grip on the lifting cable.
Jacks 150 are hydraulically connected to a common source of hydraulic pressure so that they can be operated in unison for lifting the tank. The jacks can also be operated separately for lifting and alignment of the tank as well. The jacks are operated until the partial tank 139 is lifted into the position shown in chain dotted lines in Figure 12. It will be appreciated from Figures 5 and 6, that as the partial tank is hoisted to the top of shaft 12, lifting cables 60 and knife plates 68 pass upwardly through recesses 32. The partial tank is hoisted until knife plates 68 are slightly above outer ledge 30. ~t this point, closure plates 154 are inserted to span the gap between ring beam 58 and outer ledge 30. Shims 156 are then placed under knife plates 68 to bridge recesses 32.
- 17 - 12173~
The tank is then lowered slightly until knife plates 68 rest on and are supported by shims 156. Lifting cables 60 are then detached from knife plates 68 and jack stands 142 are removed. At this point, it will be appreciated that ring beam 58, closure plates 154 and the upper end portion of shaft wall 18 form an annular recess. Suitable reinforcing steel is then placed in this recess and it is filled with concrete 158 to form a complete tank support floor, to connect the steel partial tank 139 to the upper end portion of the concrete shaft, to form a water-tight tank, and to transmit the forces generated in the conical tank floor and ring beam to the concrete thrust ring 26 when the tank is filled with liquid.
Although tank 14 is watertight at this point, it is desirable to instal a steel floor liner 160 to cover the tank support floor. The peripheral edge of floor liner 160 is welded to angle 74, and also to the central access tube 84 and the drain and fill pipes, so that tank 14 has a continuous steel floor to make it absolutely watertight.
In order to ensure that floor liner 160 does not itself support any structural loads, holes are drilled in the floor liner and grout 162 is forced beneath floor liner 160 to fill any voids located beneath the liner. The holes are then capped or plugged in a suitable manner.
Access tube assembly 82 is then installed as mentioned above and roof plates 130 are installed to lZ~731~
complete the tank roof. Finally, the remaining elements such as the covers for access and vent openings 106, 108, the remainder of the piping, additional ladders, cat walks, etc., and the pumps and valves are installed to complete the construction.
Referring next to Figures 14 and 15, another embodiment o an elevated liquid storage tank and method of constructing same according to the present invention will now be described. In Figures 14 and 15, primed reference numerals are used to illustrate components which are similar to the embodiments shown in Figures 1 to 13. The main difference between storage tank 10~ and the previously described storage tank lies in the manner in which the steel tank 14' is connected to the concrete shaft 12'.
Rather than providing a corbel adjacent to the shaft upper end portion, shaft 12' has an upper, peripheral, annular recess 164 forming the upper, outwardly disposed outer ledge 30'. Ring beam 58' is formed without knife plates and partial steel tank 139' is lifted into position by attaching lifting cables 60 to circumferentially spaced apart gusset plates 166 connected between floor portion 52' and top angle 64'. Annular recess 164, ring beam 58' and closure plates 154' then form a U-shaped annular recess which is filled with reinforced concrete (not shown) in a manner similar to the previous embodiments to connect the partial tank to the upper end portion of the concrete shaft. In this embodiment, top lZ~L73~1 angles 64' form radially inwardly projecting support means for tank 14'. As in the case of the previous embodiments, the annular connection or seal between tank 14' and shaft 12' makes the tank water-tight and transmits the forces generated in the conical tank floor and ring beam to the concrete trust ring 26' when the tank is filled with liquid. A steel floor liner (not shown) can also be installed as in the previous embodiments.
In order to ensure that lifting cables 60 remain generally vertical while partial tank 139' is being lifted, it is necessary to provide a cantilever structure 168 to hold each of the jacks 150' out over the point of attachment of the lifting cables. Cantilever structures 168 are anchored to the tank partial support floor 22' by suitable temporary anchors 170 and resilient pads 148' are provided under the outer ends of cantilever structures 168 to balance or equalize the load carried by each jack as in the previous embodiments. Jacks 150' must remain in place until the concrete joint or seal is made between partial tank 13~' and shaft 12', and thereafter the jacks and cantilever structures are removed and the remainder of the tank is completed in a manner similar to that for the previously described embodiments.
Having described preferred embodiments of this invention, it will be appreciated that various modifications may be made to the structures and methods described. For example, where knife plates 68 are used, - 20 ~ 1 Z ~ ~ 3 1 1 they do not have to pass through recesses 32 in corbel 28.
The knife plates, or or supporting members, could be made so that they do not project inwardly as far as the outer ledge 30, and some other type of shim member could be used for supporting the knife plates on the outer ledge. After the reinforced concrete 58 has been poured to connect the ring beam to the upper end portion of the shaft, it is this reinforced concrete filler that transmits the load of the tank wall to the shaft. Knife plates 68 could be installed after the tank has been hoisted into position at the top of the shaft, and in this case, the recesses in the corbel could be also be eliminated. In fact, the corbel itself could be eliminated by forming outer ledge 30 in the top of wall 18 as in the embodiment shown in Figures 14 and 15.
It may be necessary to attach the lifting cables at a different location on the ring beam or move the jacks further outwardly to keep the lifting cables generally vertical. It will also be apparent to those skilled in the art that the tank support floor 22 could be other configurations than convex, such as flat or conical. In fact, tank support floor 22 could be formed of steel rather than reinforced concrete. Also, the access tube assembly could be mounted in the tank support floor in another manner, with or without an access opening through the floor. The access opening could be provided in another location in the floor, or access to the interior of the tank could be through the roof only. Various other lZ:1731~
modifications or alternatives will be apparent to persons skilled in the art, and all of these variations or modifications are considered to be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (20)
1. An elevated liquid storage tank comprising: an upright, hollow cylindrical shaft adapted to be anchored to a supporting base foundation, the shaft having an upright wall and a closed upper end portion with a top surface forming a partial tank support floor, the upper end portion having an upper, outer ledge formed around the periphery of the shaft spaced below said top surface; a tank mounted at the top of the shaft, the tank including a wall having a lower annular ring beam attached thereto and forming a lower tank opening; the ring beam having radially inwardly projecting support means, the ring beam and tower upper end portion forming an annular recess; and means filling said recess to connect the tank to the shaft and complete the tank support floor.
2. A storage tank as claimed in claim 1 wherein said support means include vertically disposed knife plates, the ledge having radially disposed outwardly opening recesses formed therein for passing the knife plates vertically through the ledge, and further comprising shim members spanning said ledge recesses for supporting the knife plates thereon.
3. A storage tank as claimed in claim 1 wherein the tank wall is formed with an upwardly and outwardly disposed conical floor portion attached to the ring beam, and wherein the partial tank support floor is convex, the angle of inclination of the floor portion and the convexity of the partial tank support floor being such that the thrust from the floor portion and the thrust from the partial tank support floor meet generally at the centre line of the shaft wall when the tank is filled with liquid.
4. A storage tank as claimed in claim 3 wherein the shaft end portion is formed with an integral, enlarged peripheral thrust ring joining the shaft wall and the partial tank support floor, the mass of the thrust ring being balanced about the centre line of the partial tank support floor to minimize bending stresses in the support floor and the shaft wall.
5. A storage tank as claimed in claim 2 wherein -the shaft is formed of reinforced concrete and the tank is formed of steel.
6. A storage tank as claimed in claim 4 where the shaft is formed of reinforced concrete and the tank is formed of steel.
7. A storage tank as claimed in claim 6 wherein the means filling said annular recess is reinforced concrete.
8. A storage tank as claimed in claim 5 wherein -the means filling said annular recess is reinforced concrete.
9. A storage tank as claimed in claim 7 or 8 and further comprising a continuous floor liner overlying the tank support floor and being sealingly joined to the tank wall.
10. A storage tank as claimed in claim 8 wherein the tank wall includes an upwardly and outwardly disposed conical floor portion attached to the ring beam, a vertical side wall portion attached to the floor portion and an upwardly and inwardly disposed conical top wall portion attached to the side wall portion.
11. A storage tank as claimed in claim 10 and further comprising a central vertical access tube mounted in the partial tank support floor for access therethrough, and an annular roof concentrically mounted at the top of the access tube and extending radially, outwardly to join the tank top wall portion.
12. A method of constructing an elevated liquid storage tank comprising:
erecting an upright, hollow cylindrical shaft including a closed upper end portion forming a partial tank support floor having a top surface, the shaft also including an upright wall having an upper, outer ledge formed around the periphery of the shaft and spaced below said top surface;
fabricating a partial annular steel tank concentrically about the base of the shaft, said partial tank including a wall having a lower annular ring beam with inwardly projecting support members;
hoisting the partial tank to the top of the shaft so that said ring beam is opposite to the ledge forming a continuous annular recess around the periphery of the shaft; and filling the annular recess with reinforced concrete to connect the partial tank to the shaft.
erecting an upright, hollow cylindrical shaft including a closed upper end portion forming a partial tank support floor having a top surface, the shaft also including an upright wall having an upper, outer ledge formed around the periphery of the shaft and spaced below said top surface;
fabricating a partial annular steel tank concentrically about the base of the shaft, said partial tank including a wall having a lower annular ring beam with inwardly projecting support members;
hoisting the partial tank to the top of the shaft so that said ring beam is opposite to the ledge forming a continuous annular recess around the periphery of the shaft; and filling the annular recess with reinforced concrete to connect the partial tank to the shaft.
13. A method as claimed in claim 12 and further comprising the step of inserting shim members between the ledge and the support members to support the partial tank on the ledge before filling the annular recess with concrete.
14. A method as claimed in claim 13 wherein the erection of the shaft includes the step of forming in the outer ledge a plurality of radially disposed, outwardly opening rcesses for passing said projecting support members therethrough as the partial tank is hoisted to the top of the shaft.
15. A method as claimed in claim 14 wherein said shim members are inserted to span said vertical recesses after the partial tank is hoisted into position, and further comprising the step of lowering the partial tank so that said support members rest on the shims.
16. A method as claimed in claim 12 wherein the partial tank is hoisted to the top of the shaft by providing a plurality of jacks mounted circumferentially around the shaft upper end portion and connecting cables between the jacks and the ring beam, the jacks pulling the cables upwardly to lift the partial tank.
17. A method as claimed in claim 16 and further comprising the step of mounting the jacks on the outer ledge, the jacks being mounted on jack stands supported on resilient pads to equalize the lifting loads of the jacks.
18. A method as claimed in claim 15 and further comprising the step of erecting a roof on the partial tank after the partial tank has been hoisted to the top of the shaft.
19. A method as claimed in claim 12, 17 or 18 and further comprising the step of inserting a floor liner into the partial tank overlying the tank support floor, and sealingly connecting the periphery of the floor liner to the partial tank wall.
20. A method as claimed in claim 12, 17 or 18 and further comprising the steps of inserting a floor liner into the partial tank overlying the tank support floor;
sealingly connecting the periphery of floor liner to the partial tank wall; and forcing grout beneath the floor liner to fill any voids located below the floor liner.
sealingly connecting the periphery of floor liner to the partial tank wall; and forcing grout beneath the floor liner to fill any voids located below the floor liner.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000472932A CA1217311A (en) | 1985-01-25 | 1985-01-25 | Storage tank construction |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000472932A CA1217311A (en) | 1985-01-25 | 1985-01-25 | Storage tank construction |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1217311A true CA1217311A (en) | 1987-02-03 |
Family
ID=4129684
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000472932A Expired CA1217311A (en) | 1985-01-25 | 1985-01-25 | Storage tank construction |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1217311A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112814464A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-18 | 广西建工集团第五建筑工程有限责任公司 | Construction method for lifting large-scale accident water tower reservoir |
-
1985
- 1985-01-25 CA CA000472932A patent/CA1217311A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112814464A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-18 | 广西建工集团第五建筑工程有限责任公司 | Construction method for lifting large-scale accident water tower reservoir |
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