CA1208569A - Method and apparatus for removal and recovery of oil - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for removal and recovery of oilInfo
- Publication number
- CA1208569A CA1208569A CA000411386A CA411386A CA1208569A CA 1208569 A CA1208569 A CA 1208569A CA 000411386 A CA000411386 A CA 000411386A CA 411386 A CA411386 A CA 411386A CA 1208569 A CA1208569 A CA 1208569A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- oil
- booms
- bags
- article
- polyisocyanurate foam
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/204—Keeping clear the surface of open water from oil spills
Landscapes
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
Abstract
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR REMOVAL
AND RECOVERY OF OIL
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
Bags or booms of porous material filled with an oil adsor-bant, particulate polyisocyanurate synthetic foam material are used to enclose and adsorb oil spilled on water or hard surfaces.
AND RECOVERY OF OIL
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
Bags or booms of porous material filled with an oil adsor-bant, particulate polyisocyanurate synthetic foam material are used to enclose and adsorb oil spilled on water or hard surfaces.
Description
i2~)85~9 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This lnvention rel~tes to an oil 8pill cleanup and recovery method and articles for use in said method.
Accident&l oil 6pills have become a very c08tly occurrence, ~nd ~ serious environmental danger.
Variou~ inorganic, natural organic, and synthetic materials have been tried for controll~ng these oil spllls. Some of these msterials must be disposed of by burning or other meAns after cleanup.
Othero, ~uch ss detergents and emul6ifylng agents work by di6persing the oll ln solution with the body of water. A third group, for example polymerlc foams and llquldo, absorb the oil, Among the polyMerlc foem6, the generally recognized best type previou61y cuggested ha~ been poly-urethane.
Varlou6 prior art 3ystem6 which have been suggested suffer from one or more problems, complication6, and dlsadvantages, Yahnke, U.S. Pat. 3,578,585, shows a rotating cylinder having a porous outer layer made of polyurethsne to absorb oll and a roller 0eans ~o apply pre~ure to 8queeze the oll, According to Johnston, U,S. Pat. 3,617,551, a flow through chQmber containing ~ polyurethane ~oam cartridge CAn be used. Johnston's devlce al80 involves a piston-like member to squeeze the foam to recover the ~boorbed oll.
In Miranda, U.S. Pat. 3,886,067, oil slicks are controlled by Gpraying reactive polyurethane resin-forming materials from a plane or boat onto the splll. The polyurethane foam particles react with and bind the oil to form foam particles. No method of recovery of the foem partlcles and the entrapped oil is dioclosed, Aocordlng to Buckley et al., U.S. Pat. 3,539,508, a pair of opaced, revolvlng plckup members dip into the liquid oil 8pill. One of the
This lnvention rel~tes to an oil 8pill cleanup and recovery method and articles for use in said method.
Accident&l oil 6pills have become a very c08tly occurrence, ~nd ~ serious environmental danger.
Variou~ inorganic, natural organic, and synthetic materials have been tried for controll~ng these oil spllls. Some of these msterials must be disposed of by burning or other meAns after cleanup.
Othero, ~uch ss detergents and emul6ifylng agents work by di6persing the oll ln solution with the body of water. A third group, for example polymerlc foams and llquldo, absorb the oil, Among the polyMerlc foem6, the generally recognized best type previou61y cuggested ha~ been poly-urethane.
Varlou6 prior art 3ystem6 which have been suggested suffer from one or more problems, complication6, and dlsadvantages, Yahnke, U.S. Pat. 3,578,585, shows a rotating cylinder having a porous outer layer made of polyurethsne to absorb oll and a roller 0eans ~o apply pre~ure to 8queeze the oll, According to Johnston, U,S. Pat. 3,617,551, a flow through chQmber containing ~ polyurethane ~oam cartridge CAn be used. Johnston's devlce al80 involves a piston-like member to squeeze the foam to recover the ~boorbed oll.
In Miranda, U.S. Pat. 3,886,067, oil slicks are controlled by Gpraying reactive polyurethane resin-forming materials from a plane or boat onto the splll. The polyurethane foam particles react with and bind the oil to form foam particles. No method of recovery of the foem partlcles and the entrapped oil is dioclosed, Aocordlng to Buckley et al., U.S. Pat. 3,539,508, a pair of opaced, revolvlng plckup members dip into the liquid oil 8pill. One of the
-2-1~a)8569 cylinders has a polyurethane foam surface, whereas the other bss a smooth polyethylene surface.
According to De Young, U.S. Patent 3,888,766, oil spllls are removed by u6ing a cellular material impregnated with a hydrophobic ~nd oleophilic sealant. Specific cellular ~aterials mentioned by De Young are asbesto~, perlite powder, talc, volcanic a6h, vermIculite, ground corn cob, wood fiber, fiberboard, hey, sawdu6t, straw, open cell polyurethane, urea formaldehyde, polyethyl~ne, polypropylsne, ~nd po1ystyrene, as well as cellulose fiber-perlite mi~ture6, plastlc ~havings, refuse compo~t, ~nd mistures of synthetic fibers.
The polyurethane foams used for oil spill cleanup in the prior ~rt are, according to the references~ open celled, To date, none of the prior oil absorbing sy~tems 18 completely satisfsctory becau6e of certain problems. Polyurethane fiDam i6 not hydrophobic enough to avoid picking up undue amounts of w~ter along with the oil when used to control oil spills. Furthermore, ~torage of polyurethane foam can be dangerous and hazardous due to its flammability Also, the general methcds of use of the foams previously suggested are either too complex and, hencc, expensive and cumbersome in use, or are inefective and lsbor lntensive, SUMMARY OF THE INVENT~ON
It is therefore an ob~ect of the pre4ent inventlon to provlde an efficient, ea~lly deployable method of cleaning up oil ~pill8 ant recovering the oil, A further ob~ect is to provide a safer sy6tem for oil recovery than previously available. A further object of the invention is to provide an environmentelly acceptable method of cleaning up oll spills in a manner which allows the oil to be recovered, These ob~ects, and others which will become apparent to those 8kllled in the art from reading the following disclosure, are achieved by the present invention which consists of bag6 or boom6 of polyiso-cyanurate clo6ed cell foam particle6 which can be readily plaoed in
According to De Young, U.S. Patent 3,888,766, oil spllls are removed by u6ing a cellular material impregnated with a hydrophobic ~nd oleophilic sealant. Specific cellular ~aterials mentioned by De Young are asbesto~, perlite powder, talc, volcanic a6h, vermIculite, ground corn cob, wood fiber, fiberboard, hey, sawdu6t, straw, open cell polyurethane, urea formaldehyde, polyethyl~ne, polypropylsne, ~nd po1ystyrene, as well as cellulose fiber-perlite mi~ture6, plastlc ~havings, refuse compo~t, ~nd mistures of synthetic fibers.
The polyurethane foams used for oil spill cleanup in the prior ~rt are, according to the references~ open celled, To date, none of the prior oil absorbing sy~tems 18 completely satisfsctory becau6e of certain problems. Polyurethane fiDam i6 not hydrophobic enough to avoid picking up undue amounts of w~ter along with the oil when used to control oil spills. Furthermore, ~torage of polyurethane foam can be dangerous and hazardous due to its flammability Also, the general methcds of use of the foams previously suggested are either too complex and, hencc, expensive and cumbersome in use, or are inefective and lsbor lntensive, SUMMARY OF THE INVENT~ON
It is therefore an ob~ect of the pre4ent inventlon to provlde an efficient, ea~lly deployable method of cleaning up oil ~pill8 ant recovering the oil, A further ob~ect is to provide a safer sy6tem for oil recovery than previously available. A further object of the invention is to provide an environmentelly acceptable method of cleaning up oll spills in a manner which allows the oil to be recovered, These ob~ects, and others which will become apparent to those 8kllled in the art from reading the following disclosure, are achieved by the present invention which consists of bag6 or boom6 of polyiso-cyanurate clo6ed cell foam particle6 which can be readily plaoed in
-3--33 ' ' ' ' ' lZ~8569 or around the area of an oil spill. The bags or booms can be tied or chained together for quick and efficient deployment and recovery.
The polyisocyanurate closed cell foam is more hydrophobic than poly-urethane foam, less flammable, and more efficient at picking up all viscosities of spilled oil while minimizing the water pickup.
The present invention, in one aspect, resides in an article for removing oil for surfaces comprising a bag or boom made of cloth or netting material, said material allowing the passage of oil therethrough, and filled with closed cell polyisocyanurate foam dust, said polyisocyanurate foam bein~ formed from a polyol and a large molar excess of polymeric isocyanate so that trimerization to the isocyanurate ring structure takes place.
In another aspect, the invention resides in a method of cleaning up oil spills comprising applying bags or booms containing polyisocyanurate foam dust to the spill and recovering the bags of booms after adsorbing oil, said polyisocyanurate foam being formed from a polyol an~ a large molar exces~ of polymeric isocyanate so that trimeri~ation to the isocyanurate ring structure takes place.
DESC~IPTION OF IHE DRAWINGS
FIG~ pl~n vlew of a bag of polyi~ocyanurate foem floatlng on en oll ~plll, FIG. 2 i8 a cross-sectional view of a bag filled with poly-isocyanurate foam particles, - FIG. 3 is a plan view of a boom filled wlth polyi~ocyanurate fo~m floating on an oil 8pill.
FIG, 4 is a partlal plan view of one end of a boom showing a mean~ for roping or chalnlng the boomc together,
The polyisocyanurate closed cell foam is more hydrophobic than poly-urethane foam, less flammable, and more efficient at picking up all viscosities of spilled oil while minimizing the water pickup.
The present invention, in one aspect, resides in an article for removing oil for surfaces comprising a bag or boom made of cloth or netting material, said material allowing the passage of oil therethrough, and filled with closed cell polyisocyanurate foam dust, said polyisocyanurate foam bein~ formed from a polyol and a large molar excess of polymeric isocyanate so that trimerization to the isocyanurate ring structure takes place.
In another aspect, the invention resides in a method of cleaning up oil spills comprising applying bags or booms containing polyisocyanurate foam dust to the spill and recovering the bags of booms after adsorbing oil, said polyisocyanurate foam being formed from a polyol an~ a large molar exces~ of polymeric isocyanate so that trimeri~ation to the isocyanurate ring structure takes place.
DESC~IPTION OF IHE DRAWINGS
FIG~ pl~n vlew of a bag of polyi~ocyanurate foem floatlng on en oll ~plll, FIG. 2 i8 a cross-sectional view of a bag filled with poly-isocyanurate foam particles, - FIG. 3 is a plan view of a boom filled wlth polyi~ocyanurate fo~m floating on an oil 8pill.
FIG, 4 is a partlal plan view of one end of a boom showing a mean~ for roping or chalnlng the boomc together,
- 4 -iZ~8S69 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION AND THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
As ~hown ln the draw~ngs, the polyisocyanurate ~o~m particles 13 are enclosed by ~ bag 11 or boom 12.
In elther case, the bag or boom is made out of any porous material 16 which is not affected by oil or water, for example cheesecloth, muslln, cotton, polyethylene netting, and the like.
The bag can be spherical, oval, cubicsl, or any other convenlent ~hape. The boom is e~sentl~lly an elongated bag, and can have either a ~quare or round cross section. The booms and bags are constructad of any conv-niént porous material 16 ~nd 17.
The bags or booms are fllled with chopped closed cell poly-lsocyanurate fo~, hereinafter referred to as "dust." The dust is rather small, preferably about 1 to 5 cm. in dlameter, and Is obtained by chopping up polyi~ocyanurate foam, for example, by running it through ~uger blades. The foam density 18 preferably about 1.5 to 2.0 pounds per cubic foot.
- 4a -__ 12~3569 The bags and boom~ are of ~ny con~enient size. They can be about S to 15 feet ln diameter, or even larger, and the foam~ c3n be up to 200 feet long.
The bocm6 preferably have an eye 14 for roping or chaining ~everal booms together. By thi~ method, an oil 8pill can be surrounded by a ~erles of booms tied or chained together, One of the great advantages to this invention is that oil 15 $s picked up bg the dust much more efficiently than polyurethane does, ~nd the oil c~n be very efficiently recovered by squeezing the bage or booms between rollers. After recovery of the adsorbed oil in this way, the bags snd booms are reu6eable, The beg ~nd boom feature is an advantage because the du~t is more ad~orbent of oll than larger pieces of foam, and handling is much easier when the bags or booms are u~ed. Furthermore, there is less of a fire ha~ard with the articles of the invention. They can be transported easily, and can be left permsnently in a high spill area, or on oll rigs in the ocean.
A typical polyi~ocyanurste formulation for making the dust uEed in the bag~ and booms of the lnvention ia as follows (all igures are in parts by weight):
0,717 parts polymeric ~polyaryl~ isocyanate, for example "PAPI
580"*of ~p~ohn Comp~ny, havlng an isocyanate equivalent of 139-140.
0,078 parts low molecular weight polyether polyol having e MW=40.
0.183 parts fluorocarbon blowing agent.
0,013 parts organosilicone blowing agent.
0.007 parts metallic carboxylate ~s cstalyst.
0.003 parts tertiary amine a~ cAtalyst, Due to the large molar excess of i~ocyanate, trimerization to the isocyanurate r~ng structure takes place as the preferred reaction * Trademark lZ~8569 rather than formlng a polyurethane structure.
The resultant foam is chopped into dust particles of about 1 to 5 cm. in diameter, then put into a cheesecloth bag, for example, of about 10 feet in diameter, and then placed on an oil spill. The oil is absorbed more quickly and efficiently than a bag in which poly-urethane foam is substituted for the polyisocyanurate foam.
As is apparent from the above description, our invention provides a reliable and highly efficient method snd apparatus for removing oil spills from water or even hard surfaces, It will be understood th~t the foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is for the purpose of illustration only, and that the various process steps and relationships, as well as the proportions and slzes are susceptible tG a number of modiflcations and changes which do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the hereto appended claims.
As ~hown ln the draw~ngs, the polyisocyanurate ~o~m particles 13 are enclosed by ~ bag 11 or boom 12.
In elther case, the bag or boom is made out of any porous material 16 which is not affected by oil or water, for example cheesecloth, muslln, cotton, polyethylene netting, and the like.
The bag can be spherical, oval, cubicsl, or any other convenlent ~hape. The boom is e~sentl~lly an elongated bag, and can have either a ~quare or round cross section. The booms and bags are constructad of any conv-niént porous material 16 ~nd 17.
The bags or booms are fllled with chopped closed cell poly-lsocyanurate fo~, hereinafter referred to as "dust." The dust is rather small, preferably about 1 to 5 cm. in dlameter, and Is obtained by chopping up polyi~ocyanurate foam, for example, by running it through ~uger blades. The foam density 18 preferably about 1.5 to 2.0 pounds per cubic foot.
- 4a -__ 12~3569 The bags and boom~ are of ~ny con~enient size. They can be about S to 15 feet ln diameter, or even larger, and the foam~ c3n be up to 200 feet long.
The bocm6 preferably have an eye 14 for roping or chaining ~everal booms together. By thi~ method, an oil 8pill can be surrounded by a ~erles of booms tied or chained together, One of the great advantages to this invention is that oil 15 $s picked up bg the dust much more efficiently than polyurethane does, ~nd the oil c~n be very efficiently recovered by squeezing the bage or booms between rollers. After recovery of the adsorbed oil in this way, the bags snd booms are reu6eable, The beg ~nd boom feature is an advantage because the du~t is more ad~orbent of oll than larger pieces of foam, and handling is much easier when the bags or booms are u~ed. Furthermore, there is less of a fire ha~ard with the articles of the invention. They can be transported easily, and can be left permsnently in a high spill area, or on oll rigs in the ocean.
A typical polyi~ocyanurste formulation for making the dust uEed in the bag~ and booms of the lnvention ia as follows (all igures are in parts by weight):
0,717 parts polymeric ~polyaryl~ isocyanate, for example "PAPI
580"*of ~p~ohn Comp~ny, havlng an isocyanate equivalent of 139-140.
0,078 parts low molecular weight polyether polyol having e MW=40.
0.183 parts fluorocarbon blowing agent.
0,013 parts organosilicone blowing agent.
0.007 parts metallic carboxylate ~s cstalyst.
0.003 parts tertiary amine a~ cAtalyst, Due to the large molar excess of i~ocyanate, trimerization to the isocyanurate r~ng structure takes place as the preferred reaction * Trademark lZ~8569 rather than formlng a polyurethane structure.
The resultant foam is chopped into dust particles of about 1 to 5 cm. in diameter, then put into a cheesecloth bag, for example, of about 10 feet in diameter, and then placed on an oil spill. The oil is absorbed more quickly and efficiently than a bag in which poly-urethane foam is substituted for the polyisocyanurate foam.
As is apparent from the above description, our invention provides a reliable and highly efficient method snd apparatus for removing oil spills from water or even hard surfaces, It will be understood th~t the foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is for the purpose of illustration only, and that the various process steps and relationships, as well as the proportions and slzes are susceptible tG a number of modiflcations and changes which do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the hereto appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. Article for removing oil for surfaces comprising a bag or boom made of cloth or netting material, said material allowing the passage of oil therethrough, and filled with closed cell polyisocyanurate foam dust, said polyisocyanurate foam being formed from a polyol and a large molar excess of polymeric isocyanate so that trimerization to the isocyanurate ring structure takes place.
2. The article of claim 1 wherein the bag or boom is made of muslin, cotton, cheesecloth or polyethylene netting.
3. The article of claim 1 wherein the dust is chopped polyisocyanurate having an average diameter of about 1 to 5 centimeters.
4. Article of claim 1 wherein the closed cell polyisocyanurate foam has a density of about 1.5 to 2.0 pounds per cubic foot.
5. Article of claim 1 wherein the hags or booms have eyes on their ends for chaining or roping to adjacent bags or booms.
6. Method of cleaning up oil spills comprising applying bays or booms containing polyisocyanurate foam dust to the spill and recovering the bags or booms after adsorbing oil, said polyisocyanurate foam being formed from a polyol and a large molar excess of polymeric isocyanate so that trimerization to the isocyanurate ring structure takes place.
7. Method of claim 6 wherein the bags or booms are squeezed to recover the oil which they had adsorbed.
8. Method of claim 6 wherein the booms or bags are chained or roped together prior to applying them to the spill.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000411386A CA1208569A (en) | 1982-09-14 | 1982-09-14 | Method and apparatus for removal and recovery of oil |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000411386A CA1208569A (en) | 1982-09-14 | 1982-09-14 | Method and apparatus for removal and recovery of oil |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1208569A true CA1208569A (en) | 1986-07-29 |
Family
ID=4123586
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000411386A Expired CA1208569A (en) | 1982-09-14 | 1982-09-14 | Method and apparatus for removal and recovery of oil |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1208569A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6040032A (en) * | 1993-04-28 | 2000-03-21 | Israeel; Joseph | Absorbent article for collecting non-aqueous liquids and a method for manufacturing the absorbent article |
-
1982
- 1982-09-14 CA CA000411386A patent/CA1208569A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6040032A (en) * | 1993-04-28 | 2000-03-21 | Israeel; Joseph | Absorbent article for collecting non-aqueous liquids and a method for manufacturing the absorbent article |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |