CA1206278A - Fluoroscopic examination of pipe girth welds - Google Patents
Fluoroscopic examination of pipe girth weldsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1206278A CA1206278A CA000410120A CA410120A CA1206278A CA 1206278 A CA1206278 A CA 1206278A CA 000410120 A CA000410120 A CA 000410120A CA 410120 A CA410120 A CA 410120A CA 1206278 A CA1206278 A CA 1206278A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- pipe
- radiation
- source
- girth weld
- cart
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011896 sensitive detection Methods 0.000 claims 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002311 subsequent effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000270433 Varanidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005865 ionizing radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/38—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using light
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/04—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point
- G01M3/20—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using special tracer materials, e.g. dye, fluorescent material, radioactive material
- G01M3/22—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using special tracer materials, e.g. dye, fluorescent material, radioactive material for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves; for welds; for containers, e.g. radiators
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material
- G01N23/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material
- G01N23/043—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material using fluoroscopic examination, with visual observation or video transmission of fluoroscopic images
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)
- Measurement Of Radiation (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A device for radiographically inspecting the girth weld seam on a double jointed pipe including a cart on which the pipe is mounted, for transporting the pipe longitudinal-ly to a location where it surrounds a radiation source mounted on one end of a cantilevered boom. A radiation de-tection unit that produces a visible image of radiation penetrating through the pipe is disposed on the outside of the pipe in alignment with the radiation source. When the girth weld on the pipe is brought into registry with the radiation source by the cart, rollers on the cart are actua-ted to rotate the pipe about its longitudinal axis, thereby enabling the entire periphery of the girth weld to be in-spected. The video image of the girth weld can be observed on a video monitor, and recorded by means of a video cas-sette recorder and a facsimile unit. In addition to the girth weld image, appropriate instructions relating to re-pairs to be performed on the pipe can be included in the recordings. A spray marker located adjacent the radiation detection unit enables an operator to precisely mark the location of detected flaws on the pipe, to facilitate subse-quent repairs in accordance with the instructions on the recorded medium.
A device for radiographically inspecting the girth weld seam on a double jointed pipe including a cart on which the pipe is mounted, for transporting the pipe longitudinal-ly to a location where it surrounds a radiation source mounted on one end of a cantilevered boom. A radiation de-tection unit that produces a visible image of radiation penetrating through the pipe is disposed on the outside of the pipe in alignment with the radiation source. When the girth weld on the pipe is brought into registry with the radiation source by the cart, rollers on the cart are actua-ted to rotate the pipe about its longitudinal axis, thereby enabling the entire periphery of the girth weld to be in-spected. The video image of the girth weld can be observed on a video monitor, and recorded by means of a video cas-sette recorder and a facsimile unit. In addition to the girth weld image, appropriate instructions relating to re-pairs to be performed on the pipe can be included in the recordings. A spray marker located adjacent the radiation detection unit enables an operator to precisely mark the location of detected flaws on the pipe, to facilitate subse-quent repairs in accordance with the instructions on the recorded medium.
Description
~ ,f~\
3~2~ 7~3 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates -to -the examina-tion of pipes, and in particular to the X-ray fluoroscopic in-spection of the circumferential weld between two sections of a double jointed steel pipe, as well as other pipe charac-teristics.
Steel pipes that are intended for use in installa-tions such as oil pipelines and the like are typically manu-fact~red in forty foot lengths, for ease of transportationO
~Jhen the pipe sections are to be transported by a relatively large capacity transport vehicle, such as railroad car or a ship, a much longer section o~ pipe can be easily accommo-dated. Therefore, two forty foot lenyths of pipe are typic-ally welded together at the manufacturing site to form an eighty foot length of pipe that is commonly referred to as a "double jointed" steel pipe.
Prior to release of the double jointed steel pipe from the manufacturins f~cility, it is desirable, and som~-times mandatory, to inspect the ~uality of the weld between the two pipe sections. For example, it i9 desirable to de-termine that there are no voids in the weld which could re-s~llt in leakage from the pipe, and to insure that there is no foreign material in the area of the weld that could weak-en -the structural integrity of the pipe.
The most commonly used metllod for inspectlng the girth weld on a pipe is radiographic, which utilizes a form of ionizing radiation that penetrates the material on the pipe and produces a reaction on an image receiving device.
~2~
In the past, a radiographic film was typically used as the image receiving device. The radiation source was placed in-side the pipe and a strip of radiographic film surrounded the outside of the pipe on the girth weld. The film was ir-radiated by X-rays passing through the pipe, and then ra-moved from the outside of the pipe and developed in a proc-essing laboratory. Once the film was developed, the quality of the weld could be determined from the quantity of X-rays that impinged on the film.
There are a number of disadvantages associated with the use of radiographic film for the inspection of girth welds on pipe, parkicularly in a production line envi-ronment. Since the film does not provide an immediate indi-cation o the quality of the inspected weld, but rather re~
quires developing prior to providing 2 plcture, a substan-tial amount of time is consumed beEore the pipes can be de-termined to be satisfactory or passed on to an appropriate station for any necessary repairs. Consequently, the in-specte~ pipes must be stored during the time in which the film is developed. Furthermore, the costs associated with the use of film are substantial. For example, piping in-tended for use in an oil field environment typically has diameters in the range of 30 to 4~ inches. Consequently, a strip of film that is 95 to 150 inches in length must he used for each weld to ~e inspected. The chemicals that are used to develop the film require disposal facilities that add to their real cost, since they undergo a change in com-position during the developing process and form a solution tha-t is harmul to the environment if not disposed of '7~
properly. Finally, a significant amount of time and man-power is required to place the film around the pipe each time a weld is inspected.
One alternative to the use of radiographic film for the inspection of girth welds on pipes is disclosed in U.S. Patent ~o. 3,835,324. The apparatus disclosed in the paten~ includes a movable source of gamma radiation that is disposed within the pipe, and an elastomeric belt that forms a track and that is attached around the pipe adjacent a weld to be inspected. A cart carrying a photomultiplier tube and a crystal detector is placed on the track formed by the belt and moved around the entire circumference of the pipe to de-tect the gamma radiation passing through the pipe at the lo-cation of the weld.
Althou~h the above noted patent provides an alter-native to the use of radiographic film, it is primarily di-rected to the inspection of pipe at xemote locations, and it posesses a number of features which render it less than ideal for use in a production line type of environment. For example, the use of the elastomeric belt that must be placed around the pipe for each inspection still requires a signif-icant amount of manpower and time. In addition, as specif-ically noted in the patent, it is important that the belt be placed a precisely determined distance from the weld so tha~
the photomultiplier tube and detector are correctly sus-pended the same distance rom -the weld about the entire cir-curnference of -the pipeO Any varia-tion in -the spacing of the detector from the pipe can lead to a de~radation of -the re-sults o-f the inspection.
In the system disclosed in the above ncted patent, the results detected by the radiation detector are fed to a chart recorder that produces a record of -the results. ~ile these re~sults are provided to an operator much faster than those obtained with radiographic film, they are not instan-taneous, in that the operator is not apprised of a fault in the we]d seam and able to no-te it as soon as it is detected by the radiation detection apparatus. Rather, in the opera--tion of the system~ the entire circumference of the pipe we~d is first recorded on the chart, and thereafter the operator must determine the location of any detected faults by correlating a fault noted on the printed chart with a dis~ance from a starting point at which the detection appa-ratus began the inspection of the weld. In a production environ.nent, it is preferable to have the operator note the location of any detected flaws directly on the pipe as the flaw is being scannecl by the radiation detector, to ~hereby avoid the extra step of having t~ correlate the printed re-sults wi~h a distance around the circumference of the pipe, and thereby eliminate the tirne consumed in such a step.
Accordingly, it is a general object of the present invention to provide a novel method and system for the ra-diographic inspection of girth welds on double jointed steel pipe that do not require the use of radiographic film.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a novel method and apparatus for the radiographic inspection of double jointed steel pipe that reduces the manpower costs associated with inspection by eliminating the need to rnanually place any structure around the circumrer~
ence of the pipe at -the loca-tion oE each weld.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a novel radiographic pipe weld inspection method and apparatus that substantially reduce~s the time required for inspection over prior art me-thods, and thereby renders the inspec-tion method suitable for use in a productio.n line sit-uation.
It is yet another object of tlle present invention to provi.de a novel radiographic pipe weld inspection appara-tus that provides an operator with a visual image of the radiographic detection results and enables him to instant-aneously mark the location of any flaws as they are observed.
The manner i.n which the pre~ent invention achieves the foregoing objects, and their attendant advantages~ will become apparellt to one of ordinary skill in the art from a perusal of the following detailed description of a preferred embodlment of the invention, when taken ln conjunction with the accompanying draw~ngs.
B~IEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Fig. 1 is a side elevation, partly in section, showing a double jointed pipe section mounted on a conveying cart wherein the radiat.ion source at the end of the canti-levered boom extending within the pipe sec-tion is in re~is-try with a camera for recording the character of the weld seam and adjacen-t wall area, and wherein the region adjacent the weld seam is broken away and shown in section; and ~2~ 7~
Fig 2 is an end view of the pipe when mounted on -the cart sllown partly in section and taken along the line II-XI of Fig. l.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, the principal elements of the embodimen-t of the invention illus-trated therein com-prise a conveyer cart W, a cantilevered boom B, and a camera unit C that are used to inspect the weld between the two sections of a steel pipe D. The pipe D is a so-called "double jointed" steel plpe that consis-ts of two separate sections of pipe that are welded together at their abutting ends to form a longer~ single piece of pipe, The weld which joins the two sections extends around the enti.re periphery of their abutting surfaces and is called a yirth weld. The term "double jointed" steel pipe as used in the context of the present invention is intended to refe~ to pipe of this ~ype, i.e. any type of pipe which for various reasons is formed from two or more individual sections of pipe that are welded together.
The cantilevered boom B includes a base ll upon whlch is mounted a vertically adjustable support platform 12 to which a boom element 13 is affixed and extends in the horizontal direction a distance equal to at least the length of one of the pipe sections of the double jointed pipe unit D. The support platform to which the boom element 13 is af-fixed is adjustable in height to raise and lower the boom an appropriate distance to enable it to be inserted into --7~
various diameters of pipe section approximately along the central axis -thereof.
An X-ray tube 14 is mounted on the end of the boom element 13 that is remote from the platform unit 12. I'he ~ube 14 is disposed so as to emit X rays in a substan-tially ~ertically upward directlon from its output port when i-t is energized. ~ shutter mechanism 15 is affixed on the boom element 13 adjacent the ou-tput port of the X~ray tube 14, and includes a shutter element 16 that is adapted for reclp-rocal movement to selectively interrupt or pass the X-rays erninating from the source 14 by advancing or retracting the element as desired.
The pipe D is moved longitudinally into the posi-tion illustrated in Fig. 1~ wherein it surrounds the X-ray source 14, by means of the cart W. The cart is mounted on a sec of tracks 17 that guide it in its movement between the location il],ustrated in Fig. 1 and a r~mote location where it is in position to receive assembled double jointed pipes at an appropriate point in a production line. A pair of oscillatable transfer rails 18 are disposed on the cart W
and engage the pipe to move it onto and from the cart at the remote location. The cart is also equipped with two sets of rollers 19 that rotate abou~ axes extending in the longltu-dinal direction of the cart. These rollers are mounted on hydraulic cylinders 20 that enable them to be raised and lowered into and out of contact with a pipe supported on the cart. The movement of the cart along the rails 17, the ac tuation of the transfer rails 18, and the raising and lower-ing of the rollers 19 are provided by a suitable power uni-t 7~
21 moun-~ed on the cart W and controlled from a remote operator's station.
The camera unit C is disposed on the exterior of ~he pipe D to be inspected in alignmen-t with the output port of the X-ray tube 14. The unit includes an imaging fluorescent screen 22, an image amplifier 23, a set of fo-cusiny lenses 24 and a video camera 25 for viewing a fluo rescen-t image on screen 220 All of these components are mounted on a platform 26 that can be raised and lowered by suitable rneans (not shown) to accommodate pipes of different diameters while maintaining the alignment of the unit C and the source 14. Two remo-tely operated spray markers 27 and 28 are mounted on the camera platform 26 in a posilion to be ad]acent a pipe when it is moved into the location il.lustrated in Fig. 1 by the cart W. These two spray mark-ers are preferably filled with different colors of ink orpaint, such as yellow and white, for example. Also located on the camera platform are two photocells 29 for detecting when a pipe has been moved into position to be inspected, such that it surrounds the X-ray source 14. These photo-cells provide a signal that is used to control the actuationof the shutter mechanism 15 to open the shutter and allow X-rays to strike the inside of a pipe when it is in a positionoverlying the X-ray source 14. An incremental position de-tect.or 30 is mounted on the platform unit 26 and adapted to enyaye the pipe being inspected and provide an indication of the rotational position o~ the pipe.
_9_ The video camera 25 is connected to a conventional camera control circuit 31 that provides suitable control signals in response to the output signal of the camera to produce a video image on a viewin~ monitor 32. The camera control circuit 31 is also connected -to a video cassette recorder 33 that records the video image, which is simulta-neously displayed on a recording monitor 3~. In addition to receiving the video signal from the camera control circui~
31, the recording monitor 34 also receives input information lQ from an alpha-numeric video character generator 35 and an incremental position indicator 3~ that is responsive to the ~osition detector 3~. The information from these two input sources is also recorded by the video cassette recorder 33.
A video image facsimile unit 37 is connected to the record-ing monitor 3~ to ena~le a hard copy record of the videoimage on the monitor to be obtained by an operator.
In the operation of the device illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, the support plat~orm 12 and the camera plat-form 26 are appropriately positioned in height to accommo-date the particular diameter of pipe that is to be inspec-ted. The boom 13 is preferably positioned so that it lies approximately along the central axis of the pipe, and the ~ camera assembly platform is positioned just slightly above the top sur~ace o~ the pipe.
After a double jointed pipe has been welded, it procedes on the production line to the location of the in-spection devlce. The cart W is moved to a position in the production line just ahead of the pipe. As the pipe arrives at the cart, the operator actuates the transfer rails 18 so
3~2~ 7~3 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates -to -the examina-tion of pipes, and in particular to the X-ray fluoroscopic in-spection of the circumferential weld between two sections of a double jointed steel pipe, as well as other pipe charac-teristics.
Steel pipes that are intended for use in installa-tions such as oil pipelines and the like are typically manu-fact~red in forty foot lengths, for ease of transportationO
~Jhen the pipe sections are to be transported by a relatively large capacity transport vehicle, such as railroad car or a ship, a much longer section o~ pipe can be easily accommo-dated. Therefore, two forty foot lenyths of pipe are typic-ally welded together at the manufacturing site to form an eighty foot length of pipe that is commonly referred to as a "double jointed" steel pipe.
Prior to release of the double jointed steel pipe from the manufacturins f~cility, it is desirable, and som~-times mandatory, to inspect the ~uality of the weld between the two pipe sections. For example, it i9 desirable to de-termine that there are no voids in the weld which could re-s~llt in leakage from the pipe, and to insure that there is no foreign material in the area of the weld that could weak-en -the structural integrity of the pipe.
The most commonly used metllod for inspectlng the girth weld on a pipe is radiographic, which utilizes a form of ionizing radiation that penetrates the material on the pipe and produces a reaction on an image receiving device.
~2~
In the past, a radiographic film was typically used as the image receiving device. The radiation source was placed in-side the pipe and a strip of radiographic film surrounded the outside of the pipe on the girth weld. The film was ir-radiated by X-rays passing through the pipe, and then ra-moved from the outside of the pipe and developed in a proc-essing laboratory. Once the film was developed, the quality of the weld could be determined from the quantity of X-rays that impinged on the film.
There are a number of disadvantages associated with the use of radiographic film for the inspection of girth welds on pipe, parkicularly in a production line envi-ronment. Since the film does not provide an immediate indi-cation o the quality of the inspected weld, but rather re~
quires developing prior to providing 2 plcture, a substan-tial amount of time is consumed beEore the pipes can be de-termined to be satisfactory or passed on to an appropriate station for any necessary repairs. Consequently, the in-specte~ pipes must be stored during the time in which the film is developed. Furthermore, the costs associated with the use of film are substantial. For example, piping in-tended for use in an oil field environment typically has diameters in the range of 30 to 4~ inches. Consequently, a strip of film that is 95 to 150 inches in length must he used for each weld to ~e inspected. The chemicals that are used to develop the film require disposal facilities that add to their real cost, since they undergo a change in com-position during the developing process and form a solution tha-t is harmul to the environment if not disposed of '7~
properly. Finally, a significant amount of time and man-power is required to place the film around the pipe each time a weld is inspected.
One alternative to the use of radiographic film for the inspection of girth welds on pipes is disclosed in U.S. Patent ~o. 3,835,324. The apparatus disclosed in the paten~ includes a movable source of gamma radiation that is disposed within the pipe, and an elastomeric belt that forms a track and that is attached around the pipe adjacent a weld to be inspected. A cart carrying a photomultiplier tube and a crystal detector is placed on the track formed by the belt and moved around the entire circumference of the pipe to de-tect the gamma radiation passing through the pipe at the lo-cation of the weld.
Althou~h the above noted patent provides an alter-native to the use of radiographic film, it is primarily di-rected to the inspection of pipe at xemote locations, and it posesses a number of features which render it less than ideal for use in a production line type of environment. For example, the use of the elastomeric belt that must be placed around the pipe for each inspection still requires a signif-icant amount of manpower and time. In addition, as specif-ically noted in the patent, it is important that the belt be placed a precisely determined distance from the weld so tha~
the photomultiplier tube and detector are correctly sus-pended the same distance rom -the weld about the entire cir-curnference of -the pipeO Any varia-tion in -the spacing of the detector from the pipe can lead to a de~radation of -the re-sults o-f the inspection.
In the system disclosed in the above ncted patent, the results detected by the radiation detector are fed to a chart recorder that produces a record of -the results. ~ile these re~sults are provided to an operator much faster than those obtained with radiographic film, they are not instan-taneous, in that the operator is not apprised of a fault in the we]d seam and able to no-te it as soon as it is detected by the radiation detection apparatus. Rather, in the opera--tion of the system~ the entire circumference of the pipe we~d is first recorded on the chart, and thereafter the operator must determine the location of any detected faults by correlating a fault noted on the printed chart with a dis~ance from a starting point at which the detection appa-ratus began the inspection of the weld. In a production environ.nent, it is preferable to have the operator note the location of any detected flaws directly on the pipe as the flaw is being scannecl by the radiation detector, to ~hereby avoid the extra step of having t~ correlate the printed re-sults wi~h a distance around the circumference of the pipe, and thereby eliminate the tirne consumed in such a step.
Accordingly, it is a general object of the present invention to provide a novel method and system for the ra-diographic inspection of girth welds on double jointed steel pipe that do not require the use of radiographic film.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a novel method and apparatus for the radiographic inspection of double jointed steel pipe that reduces the manpower costs associated with inspection by eliminating the need to rnanually place any structure around the circumrer~
ence of the pipe at -the loca-tion oE each weld.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a novel radiographic pipe weld inspection method and apparatus that substantially reduce~s the time required for inspection over prior art me-thods, and thereby renders the inspec-tion method suitable for use in a productio.n line sit-uation.
It is yet another object of tlle present invention to provi.de a novel radiographic pipe weld inspection appara-tus that provides an operator with a visual image of the radiographic detection results and enables him to instant-aneously mark the location of any flaws as they are observed.
The manner i.n which the pre~ent invention achieves the foregoing objects, and their attendant advantages~ will become apparellt to one of ordinary skill in the art from a perusal of the following detailed description of a preferred embodlment of the invention, when taken ln conjunction with the accompanying draw~ngs.
B~IEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Fig. 1 is a side elevation, partly in section, showing a double jointed pipe section mounted on a conveying cart wherein the radiat.ion source at the end of the canti-levered boom extending within the pipe sec-tion is in re~is-try with a camera for recording the character of the weld seam and adjacen-t wall area, and wherein the region adjacent the weld seam is broken away and shown in section; and ~2~ 7~
Fig 2 is an end view of the pipe when mounted on -the cart sllown partly in section and taken along the line II-XI of Fig. l.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, the principal elements of the embodimen-t of the invention illus-trated therein com-prise a conveyer cart W, a cantilevered boom B, and a camera unit C that are used to inspect the weld between the two sections of a steel pipe D. The pipe D is a so-called "double jointed" steel plpe that consis-ts of two separate sections of pipe that are welded together at their abutting ends to form a longer~ single piece of pipe, The weld which joins the two sections extends around the enti.re periphery of their abutting surfaces and is called a yirth weld. The term "double jointed" steel pipe as used in the context of the present invention is intended to refe~ to pipe of this ~ype, i.e. any type of pipe which for various reasons is formed from two or more individual sections of pipe that are welded together.
The cantilevered boom B includes a base ll upon whlch is mounted a vertically adjustable support platform 12 to which a boom element 13 is affixed and extends in the horizontal direction a distance equal to at least the length of one of the pipe sections of the double jointed pipe unit D. The support platform to which the boom element 13 is af-fixed is adjustable in height to raise and lower the boom an appropriate distance to enable it to be inserted into --7~
various diameters of pipe section approximately along the central axis -thereof.
An X-ray tube 14 is mounted on the end of the boom element 13 that is remote from the platform unit 12. I'he ~ube 14 is disposed so as to emit X rays in a substan-tially ~ertically upward directlon from its output port when i-t is energized. ~ shutter mechanism 15 is affixed on the boom element 13 adjacent the ou-tput port of the X~ray tube 14, and includes a shutter element 16 that is adapted for reclp-rocal movement to selectively interrupt or pass the X-rays erninating from the source 14 by advancing or retracting the element as desired.
The pipe D is moved longitudinally into the posi-tion illustrated in Fig. 1~ wherein it surrounds the X-ray source 14, by means of the cart W. The cart is mounted on a sec of tracks 17 that guide it in its movement between the location il],ustrated in Fig. 1 and a r~mote location where it is in position to receive assembled double jointed pipes at an appropriate point in a production line. A pair of oscillatable transfer rails 18 are disposed on the cart W
and engage the pipe to move it onto and from the cart at the remote location. The cart is also equipped with two sets of rollers 19 that rotate abou~ axes extending in the longltu-dinal direction of the cart. These rollers are mounted on hydraulic cylinders 20 that enable them to be raised and lowered into and out of contact with a pipe supported on the cart. The movement of the cart along the rails 17, the ac tuation of the transfer rails 18, and the raising and lower-ing of the rollers 19 are provided by a suitable power uni-t 7~
21 moun-~ed on the cart W and controlled from a remote operator's station.
The camera unit C is disposed on the exterior of ~he pipe D to be inspected in alignmen-t with the output port of the X-ray tube 14. The unit includes an imaging fluorescent screen 22, an image amplifier 23, a set of fo-cusiny lenses 24 and a video camera 25 for viewing a fluo rescen-t image on screen 220 All of these components are mounted on a platform 26 that can be raised and lowered by suitable rneans (not shown) to accommodate pipes of different diameters while maintaining the alignment of the unit C and the source 14. Two remo-tely operated spray markers 27 and 28 are mounted on the camera platform 26 in a posilion to be ad]acent a pipe when it is moved into the location il.lustrated in Fig. 1 by the cart W. These two spray mark-ers are preferably filled with different colors of ink orpaint, such as yellow and white, for example. Also located on the camera platform are two photocells 29 for detecting when a pipe has been moved into position to be inspected, such that it surrounds the X-ray source 14. These photo-cells provide a signal that is used to control the actuationof the shutter mechanism 15 to open the shutter and allow X-rays to strike the inside of a pipe when it is in a positionoverlying the X-ray source 14. An incremental position de-tect.or 30 is mounted on the platform unit 26 and adapted to enyaye the pipe being inspected and provide an indication of the rotational position o~ the pipe.
_9_ The video camera 25 is connected to a conventional camera control circuit 31 that provides suitable control signals in response to the output signal of the camera to produce a video image on a viewin~ monitor 32. The camera control circuit 31 is also connected -to a video cassette recorder 33 that records the video image, which is simulta-neously displayed on a recording monitor 3~. In addition to receiving the video signal from the camera control circui~
31, the recording monitor 34 also receives input information lQ from an alpha-numeric video character generator 35 and an incremental position indicator 3~ that is responsive to the ~osition detector 3~. The information from these two input sources is also recorded by the video cassette recorder 33.
A video image facsimile unit 37 is connected to the record-ing monitor 3~ to ena~le a hard copy record of the videoimage on the monitor to be obtained by an operator.
In the operation of the device illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, the support plat~orm 12 and the camera plat-form 26 are appropriately positioned in height to accommo-date the particular diameter of pipe that is to be inspec-ted. The boom 13 is preferably positioned so that it lies approximately along the central axis of the pipe, and the ~ camera assembly platform is positioned just slightly above the top sur~ace o~ the pipe.
After a double jointed pipe has been welded, it procedes on the production line to the location of the in-spection devlce. The cart W is moved to a position in the production line just ahead of the pipe. As the pipe arrives at the cart, the operator actuates the transfer rails 18 so
2~
that the pipe is moved onto the cart. The hydraulic cylin-ders 20 are then actuated to raise the pipe rotating rollers l9 and thereby elevate the pipe a few inches above the tran-sfer rails 18, -to the position illustrated in Fig. 2, so tha-t the pipe becomes cradled on the rollers. The cart is then driven from the production line towards the location of the inspecting apparatus.
As the cart approaches the boom, the pipe passes over the cantilevered portion of the boom and surrounds the X-ray source 14. As soon as the X-ray source is enclosed by the end of the pipe, the photocells 29 provide a signal -that energizes the shutter mechanism l5 to open the X-ray tube outpu-t port. At this time, ra~iation from the X-ray tube will penetrate the wall of the pipe and cause an image to be produced on the fluorescent screen 22.
The image that is produced on the fluorescent screen 22 is received by the video camera 25 and displayed on both the viewing monitor 32 and the recording monitor 34.
As the pipe continues to move over the boom l3, an image of -the girth weld will eventually appear on the monitors. At ~0 this point, the operator can actuate a cont--ol panel 38 to interr~-pt the movement of the cart W, so that the girth wel~
remains in registry between the X-ray source 14 and the imaging screen 22.
~en the pipe is so positioned, the operator can enter any appropriate pipe identification information onto -the recording monitor 34 through a keyboard on the video character generator 35. After the incremental position in-dicator 36 is reset to zero, the pipe rotating rollers 19 ~11D~4 r~
are actuated to begin rotating the pipe abou-t its longitudi-nal a~is~ The image of the yirth wel~l tha-t appears on both of the monitors shows the weld in mo-tion as the pipe ro-tates at a rate of speed determined by suitable pipe production specifications. This speed can be adjusted under the con-trol of the operator through the control panel 3~.
If no discontinuities, or other such flaws, are observed in the weld image, the operator can stop the rota-tion of the pipe when it has completed one revolution, as indicated by the incremental position indicator 36. The cart W can be then actuated to move back towar~s the pro-duction line. ~s the rear end of the pipe approaches the location of the camera platform 26, the operator can actuate one of the spray markers, for example the white marker 28, to provide an indication on the pipe that the weld meets quality specifications. The cart can then continue on to-wards the production line, where the operator can lower the rollers 19 and actuate the transfer rails 1~ to move the pipe towards the next facility in the line. When the photo-cells 29 detect that the pipe is leaving the vicinity of the X-ray source, the shutter mechanism 15 is actuated to close the output port of the X ray tube 14, to thereby prevent ~ ~-rays from being emitted while there is no protective covering, such as a pipe, around the source.
If, during the visual inspection o the pipe, the operator observes a discontinuity or other such flaw that is sufficient to impair the quality of the weld, he can s-top the rotation of the pipe at the point where the observed discontinuity appears on the recording monitor, by means of r~ ~
the control panel 38. Appropriate repair instructions re-lating to the discontinuity can be entered into t'ne record-ing rnonitor by means of the video character generator 35, so that the discontinuity and related repair instructions are recorded by the video cassette recorder 33. The video image ~acsimile unit 37 can also be actuated to provide a hard copy duplication of the video image on a piece of paper, for use by the indivi.duals who will be repairing the observed weld. The operator can also energize the other spray marker 27 to place a spo-t of ink or paint directly onto, or adja-cent, the weld at the location of the observed disconti-nuity. The repair instructions that are generated by the video character generator 35 can then be erased and the rollers l9 reactuated to again rotate the pipe about its axls and enable the remainAer of the weld to be inspected.
~f additional discontinuities are observed, the foregoing steps can be repeated until the entire weld has been exam-ined. Once the inspection of the weld i5 complete, the operator can control the cart to move it to a designated repair area and unload the pipe from the cart, where it will be repaired in accordance with the instructions prin-ted out on the hard copies produced by the video image facsimile unit 37.
From the foregoin~, it will be appreciated that the present invention provides a novel system for inspecting girth welds on double jointed steel pipe that is particular-ly well suited for production line use. The fixed alignment of the ~-ray so-lrce and detector, and the remotely control-led delivery of a pipe into registry with them, protects the -13~
;~ ~
~2~2~
operator from any harmful exposure to X-rays and eliminates errors that are caused by manual affixation of the source or detector to -the pipe. The rota~ion of the pipe about its longitudinal axis relative to the source and detector elimi-nates the need for a detector that circumscribes the entireperiphery of the weld, and any associated manpower required to fi-t the detector in place. The video image of the ln-spected area of -the girth weld provides an operator with the ability to instantaneously interrupt the rotation of the pipe, mark the location of a detecte~ flaw, and record ap-propriate information relating to repairs.
Another characteristic of double jointed pipes that must be measured relates to the circumferential spacing between the respective longitudinal seams of the two pipe sections. The individual sections oE a double ~ointed steel pipe are commonly formed by rolling a flat sheet of steel into a tube shape and welding the abutting edges of t~e sheet along the length of the pipe. The specifications re-lating to such pipes require that a minimum spacing be pres-ent between the two seams around the periphery of the pipe,primarily for stress control purposes. Such spacing can be easily measured with the apparatus of the present in~ention, ~ preferably at the beginning of the girth weld examination.
The examination can be initiated at a point where one of the longitudinal seams intersects the girth weld. As the pipe is rotating during the girth weld examination, the image of t'ne other longitudinal seam will appear on the video moni-tors 32 and 34. At this point, the operator can observe the reading of the incremental position indicator 36 and deter~ine whether the spacing between the two seams meets the specifications for the pipe. If its does, the girth weld examination can con-tinue in the normal manner. If the spacing is less than the required minimum, the operator can halt the examination operation as soon as the spaclng is determined, since there is no need to continue when the pipe does not meet all specifications~ Thus, the use of the apparatus in this manner can save time by reducing the time required to examine the girth welds of pipes that are defec-tive in terms of longitudinal seam spacing.
The present invention may be embodied in otherspecific forms without departing from the spirit or essen-tial characteristics thereof For example, the detector could ke located on the side o~ the pipe, rather than above it, and the X-rays could be directed in a horizontal direc--tion from the source.
The presently disclosed embodiments are therefore considered in all respects as illustrative and not restric-tive. The scope of the invention is indicated by the ap-2~ pended claims, rather than the foregoing description, andall changes which come within the meaning and range o~ equi-valency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced ~ therein.
that the pipe is moved onto the cart. The hydraulic cylin-ders 20 are then actuated to raise the pipe rotating rollers l9 and thereby elevate the pipe a few inches above the tran-sfer rails 18, -to the position illustrated in Fig. 2, so tha-t the pipe becomes cradled on the rollers. The cart is then driven from the production line towards the location of the inspecting apparatus.
As the cart approaches the boom, the pipe passes over the cantilevered portion of the boom and surrounds the X-ray source 14. As soon as the X-ray source is enclosed by the end of the pipe, the photocells 29 provide a signal -that energizes the shutter mechanism l5 to open the X-ray tube outpu-t port. At this time, ra~iation from the X-ray tube will penetrate the wall of the pipe and cause an image to be produced on the fluorescent screen 22.
The image that is produced on the fluorescent screen 22 is received by the video camera 25 and displayed on both the viewing monitor 32 and the recording monitor 34.
As the pipe continues to move over the boom l3, an image of -the girth weld will eventually appear on the monitors. At ~0 this point, the operator can actuate a cont--ol panel 38 to interr~-pt the movement of the cart W, so that the girth wel~
remains in registry between the X-ray source 14 and the imaging screen 22.
~en the pipe is so positioned, the operator can enter any appropriate pipe identification information onto -the recording monitor 34 through a keyboard on the video character generator 35. After the incremental position in-dicator 36 is reset to zero, the pipe rotating rollers 19 ~11D~4 r~
are actuated to begin rotating the pipe abou-t its longitudi-nal a~is~ The image of the yirth wel~l tha-t appears on both of the monitors shows the weld in mo-tion as the pipe ro-tates at a rate of speed determined by suitable pipe production specifications. This speed can be adjusted under the con-trol of the operator through the control panel 3~.
If no discontinuities, or other such flaws, are observed in the weld image, the operator can stop the rota-tion of the pipe when it has completed one revolution, as indicated by the incremental position indicator 36. The cart W can be then actuated to move back towar~s the pro-duction line. ~s the rear end of the pipe approaches the location of the camera platform 26, the operator can actuate one of the spray markers, for example the white marker 28, to provide an indication on the pipe that the weld meets quality specifications. The cart can then continue on to-wards the production line, where the operator can lower the rollers 19 and actuate the transfer rails 1~ to move the pipe towards the next facility in the line. When the photo-cells 29 detect that the pipe is leaving the vicinity of the X-ray source, the shutter mechanism 15 is actuated to close the output port of the X ray tube 14, to thereby prevent ~ ~-rays from being emitted while there is no protective covering, such as a pipe, around the source.
If, during the visual inspection o the pipe, the operator observes a discontinuity or other such flaw that is sufficient to impair the quality of the weld, he can s-top the rotation of the pipe at the point where the observed discontinuity appears on the recording monitor, by means of r~ ~
the control panel 38. Appropriate repair instructions re-lating to the discontinuity can be entered into t'ne record-ing rnonitor by means of the video character generator 35, so that the discontinuity and related repair instructions are recorded by the video cassette recorder 33. The video image ~acsimile unit 37 can also be actuated to provide a hard copy duplication of the video image on a piece of paper, for use by the indivi.duals who will be repairing the observed weld. The operator can also energize the other spray marker 27 to place a spo-t of ink or paint directly onto, or adja-cent, the weld at the location of the observed disconti-nuity. The repair instructions that are generated by the video character generator 35 can then be erased and the rollers l9 reactuated to again rotate the pipe about its axls and enable the remainAer of the weld to be inspected.
~f additional discontinuities are observed, the foregoing steps can be repeated until the entire weld has been exam-ined. Once the inspection of the weld i5 complete, the operator can control the cart to move it to a designated repair area and unload the pipe from the cart, where it will be repaired in accordance with the instructions prin-ted out on the hard copies produced by the video image facsimile unit 37.
From the foregoin~, it will be appreciated that the present invention provides a novel system for inspecting girth welds on double jointed steel pipe that is particular-ly well suited for production line use. The fixed alignment of the ~-ray so-lrce and detector, and the remotely control-led delivery of a pipe into registry with them, protects the -13~
;~ ~
~2~2~
operator from any harmful exposure to X-rays and eliminates errors that are caused by manual affixation of the source or detector to -the pipe. The rota~ion of the pipe about its longitudinal axis relative to the source and detector elimi-nates the need for a detector that circumscribes the entireperiphery of the weld, and any associated manpower required to fi-t the detector in place. The video image of the ln-spected area of -the girth weld provides an operator with the ability to instantaneously interrupt the rotation of the pipe, mark the location of a detecte~ flaw, and record ap-propriate information relating to repairs.
Another characteristic of double jointed pipes that must be measured relates to the circumferential spacing between the respective longitudinal seams of the two pipe sections. The individual sections oE a double ~ointed steel pipe are commonly formed by rolling a flat sheet of steel into a tube shape and welding the abutting edges of t~e sheet along the length of the pipe. The specifications re-lating to such pipes require that a minimum spacing be pres-ent between the two seams around the periphery of the pipe,primarily for stress control purposes. Such spacing can be easily measured with the apparatus of the present in~ention, ~ preferably at the beginning of the girth weld examination.
The examination can be initiated at a point where one of the longitudinal seams intersects the girth weld. As the pipe is rotating during the girth weld examination, the image of t'ne other longitudinal seam will appear on the video moni-tors 32 and 34. At this point, the operator can observe the reading of the incremental position indicator 36 and deter~ine whether the spacing between the two seams meets the specifications for the pipe. If its does, the girth weld examination can con-tinue in the normal manner. If the spacing is less than the required minimum, the operator can halt the examination operation as soon as the spaclng is determined, since there is no need to continue when the pipe does not meet all specifications~ Thus, the use of the apparatus in this manner can save time by reducing the time required to examine the girth welds of pipes that are defec-tive in terms of longitudinal seam spacing.
The present invention may be embodied in otherspecific forms without departing from the spirit or essen-tial characteristics thereof For example, the detector could ke located on the side o~ the pipe, rather than above it, and the X-rays could be directed in a horizontal direc--tion from the source.
The presently disclosed embodiments are therefore considered in all respects as illustrative and not restric-tive. The scope of the invention is indicated by the ap-2~ pended claims, rather than the foregoing description, andall changes which come within the meaning and range o~ equi-valency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced ~ therein.
Claims (18)
1. Apparatus for radiographic examination of the girth weld seam area of a section of double jointed steel pipe comprising:
a conveying cart including means for loading and discharging a double jointed pipe section;
a generally horizontal, cantilevered boom mounted on a vertically adjustable support platform;
means mounted on said boom providing a source of radiation when energized and adapted for insertion into said pipe section, said source providing radiation in a predetermined direction;
means for moving said cart and said pipe section longitudinally relative to said cantilevered boom means whereby said girth weld seam area may be placed in a posi-tion of registry with said radiation source mounted on said cantilevered boom;
radiation sensitive detection means adjustably mounted outside said pipe section and aligned to receive radiation from said source in said predetermined direction;
and means mounted on said conveyor cart for rotating said pipe section about its longitudinal axis while both said source and said detection means are stationary while said seam area is in said position of registry whereby said radiation sensitive detection means is able to detect radia-tion passing through said girth weld seam area when said rad-iation source is energized.
a conveying cart including means for loading and discharging a double jointed pipe section;
a generally horizontal, cantilevered boom mounted on a vertically adjustable support platform;
means mounted on said boom providing a source of radiation when energized and adapted for insertion into said pipe section, said source providing radiation in a predetermined direction;
means for moving said cart and said pipe section longitudinally relative to said cantilevered boom means whereby said girth weld seam area may be placed in a posi-tion of registry with said radiation source mounted on said cantilevered boom;
radiation sensitive detection means adjustably mounted outside said pipe section and aligned to receive radiation from said source in said predetermined direction;
and means mounted on said conveyor cart for rotating said pipe section about its longitudinal axis while both said source and said detection means are stationary while said seam area is in said position of registry whereby said radiation sensitive detection means is able to detect radia-tion passing through said girth weld seam area when said rad-iation source is energized.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said radia-tion sensitive detection means includes fluoroscope means for producing a visible image of radiation passing through said girth weld seam area, and a video camera for receiving said visible image.
3. The apparatus of claim 2 further including a television monitor connected to said video camera.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 further including means mounted adjacent the radiation sensitive detection means for providing a marking on a pipe as it is being examined, and remote control means for operating said marking means.
5. The apparatus of claim 2 further including means for producing a permanent record of said visible image.
6. The apparatus of claim 5 wherein said record producing means includes a video cassette recorder.
7. The apparatus of claim 5 or 6 wherein said record producing means includes a video image facsimile recorder.
8. The apparatus of claim 3 further including means for generating alpha-numeric information on said television monitor.
9. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said radia-tion sensitive detection means is movable along the path of radiation emitted by said radiation source to accommodate pipes of different diameters.
10. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said pipe rotating means includes pairs of rollers having rotational axes that are parallel to the longitudinal axis of the pipe, said rollers mounted on hydraulic cylinders so as to be adjust-able in the vertical direction.
11. The apparatus of claim 1 further including means for indicating the rotational position of a pipe mounted on said cart.
12. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said moving means and said rotating means are controllable from an operator's station located remote from said radiation source.
13. The apparatus of claim 1 further including means for detecting the presence of a pipe and means for enabling radiation from said source to impinge upon the pipe in response to detection thereof.
14. A method for radiographically examining the girth weld seam of a double jointed steel pipe, comprising:
moving the pipe longitudinally to a position where the girth weld seam surrounds a stationary source providing radiation in a predetermined direction;
actuating the source of radiation to cause radia-tion to pass through a portion of the girth weld seam;
detecting the radiation passing through the por-tion of the girth weld seam with a stationary detector posi-tioned in alignment with the predetermined direction of radiation emitted from said source;
rotating the pipe about its longitudinal axis while both said source and said detector means are station-ary to enable the entire girth weld seam to be traversed bet-ween the source and detector; and producing a video image of the detected radiation passing through the girth weld seam as the pipe is rotating.
moving the pipe longitudinally to a position where the girth weld seam surrounds a stationary source providing radiation in a predetermined direction;
actuating the source of radiation to cause radia-tion to pass through a portion of the girth weld seam;
detecting the radiation passing through the por-tion of the girth weld seam with a stationary detector posi-tioned in alignment with the predetermined direction of radiation emitted from said source;
rotating the pipe about its longitudinal axis while both said source and said detector means are station-ary to enable the entire girth weld seam to be traversed bet-ween the source and detector; and producing a video image of the detected radiation passing through the girth weld seam as the pipe is rotating.
15. The method of claim 14 further including the steps of interrupting the rotation of the pipe when a flaw is observed in the video image, and producing a permanent record of the observed portion of the pipe appearing in the video image.
16. The method of claim 15 further including the step of providing a marking on the pipe at the location of the observed flaw while rotation of the pipe is interrupted.
17. The method of claim 14 further including the step of providing an indication of the rotational posi-tion of the pipe on the video image as the pipe is rotating.
18. The method of claim 17 further including the step of measuring the spacing between two longitudinal seams on the pipe as it is rotating.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US31194381A | 1981-10-16 | 1981-10-16 | |
| US311,943 | 1981-10-16 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1206278A true CA1206278A (en) | 1986-06-17 |
Family
ID=23209164
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000410120A Expired CA1206278A (en) | 1981-10-16 | 1982-08-25 | Fluoroscopic examination of pipe girth welds |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0094400A1 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR910001250B1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1206278A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1152908B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1983001509A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (23)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HU190197B (en) * | 1983-12-05 | 1986-08-28 | Kohaszati Gyarepitoe Vallalat,Hu | Method and device for testing quality of the welds by videoradiography |
| US4710946A (en) * | 1985-08-06 | 1987-12-01 | Amoco Corporation | Method and apparatus for X-ray video fluoroscopic analysis of rock samples |
| US6466643B1 (en) * | 2000-01-07 | 2002-10-15 | General Electric Company | High speed digital radiographic inspection of aircraft fuselages |
| KR20040041082A (en) * | 2000-07-24 | 2004-05-13 | 비브콤 인코포레이티드 | System and method for indexing, searching, identifying, and editing portions of electronic multimedia files |
| PL349169A1 (en) * | 2000-09-12 | 2002-03-25 | Gen Electric | Method of and apparatus for radiographically inspecting the fuselages of aircrafts |
| KR101226232B1 (en) * | 2011-06-16 | 2013-02-07 | (주)디자인플랜트 | The outer diameter measuring device for large diameter pipe |
| CN102519992B (en) * | 2012-01-11 | 2013-06-26 | 丹东奥龙射线仪器有限公司 | Steel tube X-ray detection rotating wheel lifted automatic centering device workpiece trolley |
| CA2924054A1 (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2014-04-03 | Ingrain, Inc. | Computed tomography (ct) systems and methods analyzing rock property changes resulting from a treatment |
| JP6031339B2 (en) | 2012-11-21 | 2016-11-24 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | Perspective image density correction method, nondestructive inspection method, and image processing apparatus |
| KR101252797B1 (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2013-04-09 | 주식회사 이이더불유코리아 | X-ray non-destructive detecting method for testing pipe weldingline |
| CN103149226B (en) * | 2013-02-21 | 2014-10-29 | 马鞍山十七冶工程科技有限责任公司 | X-ray detection method of many side-by-side small-diameter tube circumferential welds |
| CN106596595B (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2019-03-05 | 贵州黎阳航空动力有限公司 | A kind of spray boom weld radiographic inspection device and method |
| CN108844975B (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2024-04-02 | 丹东华日理学电气有限公司 | X-ray external exposure type pipeline digital imaging detection device and detection method |
| CN109759738A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2019-05-17 | 淇淩智能科技(上海)有限公司 | A kind of online integral solder quality detection device and its method |
| RU2710001C1 (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2019-12-23 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Центр цифровой промышленной радиографии "Цифра" | System for step-by-step inspection of annular weld of pipeline |
| CN110940681A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-03-31 | 湘潭市汇丰设备制造有限公司 | Automatic nondestructive testing device for steam pressure pipeline with heat insulation layer |
| CN111735835A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-10-02 | 大冶市探伤机有限责任公司 | High-frequency X-ray flaw detector |
| CN112816161B (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2022-07-26 | 浙江越歌科技有限公司 | Detection system for pipeline performance detection |
| WO2022211197A1 (en) | 2021-03-30 | 2022-10-06 | 주식회사 디지레이 | Tube weld x-ray inspection apparatus |
| KR102303838B1 (en) | 2021-03-30 | 2021-09-17 | 주식회사 디지레이 | Tube welding part x-ray inspection device |
| KR102303823B1 (en) | 2021-03-30 | 2021-09-17 | 주식회사 디지레이 | Tube welding part x-ray inspection device |
| KR102303826B1 (en) | 2021-03-30 | 2021-09-17 | 주식회사 디지레이 | Tube welding part x-ray inspection device |
| CN113320696B (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2023-05-12 | 华北水利水电大学 | Petroleum pipeline online overhauls unmanned aerial vehicle |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3835324A (en) * | 1972-10-04 | 1974-09-10 | O Weigle | Pipe weld inspection method and apparatus |
| FR2307266A1 (en) * | 1975-04-10 | 1976-11-05 | Vallourec | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR RADIOGRAPHY OF TUBES |
| US4078180A (en) * | 1976-03-17 | 1978-03-07 | United States Steel Corporation | X-ray inspection of welds |
-
1982
- 1982-08-25 CA CA000410120A patent/CA1206278A/en not_active Expired
- 1982-09-30 EP EP82903383A patent/EP0094400A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1982-09-30 WO PCT/US1982/001382 patent/WO1983001509A1/en unknown
- 1982-10-15 KR KR8204642A patent/KR910001250B1/en active
- 1982-10-15 IT IT23756/82A patent/IT1152908B/en active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT8223756A0 (en) | 1982-10-15 |
| KR910001250B1 (en) | 1991-02-26 |
| KR840002103A (en) | 1984-06-11 |
| EP0094400A1 (en) | 1983-11-23 |
| IT1152908B (en) | 1987-01-14 |
| WO1983001509A1 (en) | 1983-04-28 |
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Effective date: 20030617 |