CA1199469A - Injection and feeder pipe for continuous casting apparatus - Google Patents
Injection and feeder pipe for continuous casting apparatusInfo
- Publication number
- CA1199469A CA1199469A CA000417267A CA417267A CA1199469A CA 1199469 A CA1199469 A CA 1199469A CA 000417267 A CA000417267 A CA 000417267A CA 417267 A CA417267 A CA 417267A CA 1199469 A CA1199469 A CA 1199469A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- pipe
- blind bores
- bores
- gas
- blind
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/50—Pouring-nozzles
- B22D41/58—Pouring-nozzles with gas injecting means
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The feeder pipe is provided with a system of blind bores gas conductively interconnected and an inert gas is fed to this system to traverse the gas permeable material of which the pipe is made and emerge from surfaces in contact with molten steel thereby to prevent the precipitation of deposits, particularly on the inside surface of the pipe, but also on the outside surface thereof where submerged in the bath of molten steel.
The feeder pipe is provided with a system of blind bores gas conductively interconnected and an inert gas is fed to this system to traverse the gas permeable material of which the pipe is made and emerge from surfaces in contact with molten steel thereby to prevent the precipitation of deposits, particularly on the inside surface of the pipe, but also on the outside surface thereof where submerged in the bath of molten steel.
Description
9~i9 The present invention relates to an injection, feed and charging pipe for machines for continuous casting of steel, the pipe to be made of fireproof refractory but gas permeable material.
Injection or charge pipes of the type to which the invention pertains are used for teeming molten steel either from a ladle into a tundish or from a tundish into the mold of continuous casting machine. The fireproof refractory material used for such charging and injection pipes, are usual]y gas permeable.
In teeming molten steel through such a pipe, it has to be observed that, parti-cularly in the case of killed steel, certain deoxidizing products are precipitat-ed upon the walls of the injection pipe. These deposits reduce the casting throughput and are also detrimental to the quality of the steel product.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a new and improvedinjection feeding or charging pipe to be used in continuous casting apparatus and made of a fireproof refractory and gas-permeable ma*erial in which deposit of deoxidization products are reliably avoided, particularly within the casting channel, as well as on the outside of the pipe as it dips into the molten steel bath.
The invention provides in an apparatus for continuous casting of steel, a feeding and injection pipe of fireproof refractory and gas permeable material comprising: a pipe body having a wall of predetermined thickness; a plurality of blind bores longitudinally traversing said wall and arranged concentrically around the axis of the pipe; an annular channel gas conductively interconnecting said blind bores; means for closing said blind bores at the respective other end; and a duct for feeding an inert gas from the outside to the system of bores and channel.
Preferably the gas feeder duct leads to the annular channel. In furtherance of the invention, the annular duct is at the top of the pipe and ~ .
:
is closed by an insert having a higher wear resistance than the remainder of the pipe. The distance between the end of the blind bore and the lower end of ; the pipe l~all should be about half the wall thickness o-E the pipe.
In order to improve and to render more uniEorm the effect of the gas, particularly as far as the inner surface of the yipe is concerned, it is sug-gested that the wall tllickness between two adjacent blind bores is not larger than twice the wall thiclcness between a blind bore and the inner surface of the pipe. Preferably the spacing between adjacent blind bores and the radial spacing between a blind bore and the inner surface of the pipe are equal. It is important, generally, that the gas be uniformly distributed at the surface portions which will be contacted by the flowing molten steel.
In continuous casting of steel in form of billets the utilization of such charging and injection pipes causes difficulties in cases where the dimensions of the product are relatively small. Small castings are now made occasionally with oil lubrication, i.e. without casting powder or flux and without slag cover. The molten steel discharges from the tundish by means of nozzles w?lic?l are prone to clogging, particularly because the surface area in relation to the cross-section is rather large. Therefore, cas~ing of aluminum killed steel is not possible because the nozzles would clog in a very short period of time. Thus, it was customary in the past to kill steel by means of silicon or manganese. Oil lubrication is advantageous because a charge and in jection pipe of convelltional design does not have to be used, it is simply too large, particularly in view of the fact that the rate of deposit during casting and the total thicklless of a resulting deposit to bc ecpected during a run has to be taken into consideration in designing the cross-section and other dimen-sions of the injection in charging pipe. In the case of very small charging pipes, there are problems moreover resulting from the fact that during startup, ~.99~69 the steel may "freeze" in view of the small dimensions involved.
The invention however provides a feeding injection and charge pipe which avoids the formation of deposits by operation oF the gas injection into thc pipe. Even in the case of aluminum killed steel, deposits on and in the pipe are in fact avoided. Therefore, the particular type of feeding and in-jection pipes as per the invention can even be used for casting billets being smaller or equal to 130 millimeters. This in turn permits avoidance of oil lubrication and instead casting powder and flux can be used, which of course improves the surface quality of the product to a considerable extent.
While the specification concludes the claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which is regarded as the inven-tion, it is believed that the invention and features and advantages thereof will be better understood from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 is an overall sectional view of a continuous casting apparatus;
Figure 2 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view through a feeder injection and charge pipe in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention and particularly adapted for being affixed to the bottom of a vessel;
Figure 3 is another example for the preferred embodiment of the present invention also shown in longitudinal section and constructed for in-sertion into an opening in the bottom of a vessel from which steel is to be discharged; and Figure 4 is a cross-section through a pipe in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention following in particular rules for dimensioning.
1~.99469 Figure 1 illustrates somewhat schematically a continuous casting apparatus having a casting vessel 1 whicll may be~a ladle or a tundish and a cast-ing discharge or injection pipe 3 leading from the bottom of the vessel 1 into the interior of a mold 2 for continuous casting. The mold is provided with the usual cooling ducts and passages. Reference nullleral 4 refers to the casting strand as produced by t]lis mold 2, and one can see that a barely solidified s~in enclosing a molten interior emerges from the bottom of the mold to be moved further by means of a roller track 5. The bottom of the casting pipe 3 is sub-merged in the molten steel, i.e. it extends below the surface level 6 of the bath therein.
After having described generally the background and equipment in which the invention is practiced, we refer now to figure 2 illustrating a parti-cular pipe 3 constructed in accordance with the preferred enibodiment of the pre-sent invention. The p;pe 3 is of fireproof refractory and gas permeable material e.g. a porous ceramic. The pipe is slightly tapered and has a slightly tapered interior around an axis 8 and an inner wall surface 11. The wall of the pipe 3 is traversed by a plurality of longitudinally extending blind bores 7. These bores 7 are arranged concentrically around the axis ~ of the pipe and traverse the wall accordingly. The blind bores or ducts 7 extend from the top to almost the bottom of the pipe, i.e. they end a little above the lower end face of the pipe 3 at a spacing which is about half the thickness of the wall of the pipe.
The several blind bores 7 are interconnected near the top of the pipe by means of a flat annular duct or channel 9. The channel 9 is formed as an annular groove in the pipe material and is closed from the top by means of a fireproof insertl511avitlg a higller wear resistance than the material of W]liC
the pipe 3 is made. In addition, the pipe 3 is provided with a flange 13 by mcatls of w?liell the pipe can be affixed to the bottom of a ladle or tundish.
i 1~99~69 The flange 13 particularly is in addition traversed by a narrow duct 10 leading from the outside to the annular channel 9. Duct lO is connected to a source of inert gas supplying inert gas to the annular channel 9 as well serv-ing as a manifold or distributor to feed all of the blind bores 7. In view of the fact that the matcrial of which the pipe 3 is made is gas permeable ~porous), the inert gas will in fact migrate or even be forced through the tube material and emerge therefrom, that is on the inside 11 of the tube 3 and the bottom and the outside surface thereof.
Figure 3 illustrates a somewhat modified pipe 3' having again ~he same system of ducts 7' and an annular interconnect channel 9'. However, the upper portion of this pipe 3' is more strongly tapered for insertion into an opening in a bottom of the vessel from which molten steel is to be poured. Also, the duct and channel 9' is closed by means of an insert15' made also of wear resist-ing fireproof and refractory material, but having a flared or trumpet shaped inlet. Moreover, one can see that in this particular case, the annular channel is established by an annular groove in the insert 15 and a shoulder surface of a recess in the pipe 3' serves in this case as a bottom for the channel 9' from which the blind bores 7' extend dowm~ards. Moreover, in the particular pipe shown in Figure 3, the gas duct 10' leads into one of the blind bores 7', the reason for this being that upon insertion of this pipe 3' into the bottom struc-ture of the casting ladle or tundish, there may be no direct access to the annular channel 9'.
In lllakillg such a pipe, one may provide the blind bores by means of corcs made of a material such that upon sintcring the refractory material, these cores melt a flow out or burn-off.
Thc two pipes illustrated in Figures 2 and 3 are shown to be of ~;. ., ~
9~f~9 integral construction, with the exception of course of the top insert. In the alternative, however) one may construct such a feed and injection pipe of either configuration by means of two pipes arranged concentric to each other i.e. in a nested configuration, each of the two pipes having a system of grooves~ the inner one of the two pipes on its outside surface and the outer one of the two pipes on its inside surface. These grooves in pairs complete such blind bores as illustrated.
As stated, it is the purpose of the inventive bore and duct system to feed gas on a continuous basis into the pipe by passing the gas through the wall material. This effect, however, is not needed (and from a point of view of economy and gas consumption is actually undesired) as far as concerns the outer surface portion of the pipe which extends between the casting vessel 1 and the bath level 6. Therefore, the outer surface of the pipe in that range may be covered with a material which is impermeable to gas, so that the gas flow is restricted to a flow resulting in an emergence from the inside surface of the pipe as well as from the lower outside surface thereof.
In general, it was found that the pipe in accordance with the present invention successfully avoids the depositing and precipitation of deoxidizing products on the inside surface of the pipe as well as on that portion of the outside surface which dips into the molten steel. It should further be men-tioned, that the conventional feed, injection and discharge pipe exhibits pre-cipitation and deposits on the outer surface which in fact can directly inter-fere with the formation of the solidified skin of the casting inside of the mold.
This, of course, is a considerable danger and the inventive pipe reliably avoids this problem. Moreover, in cases where the bath is covered with a casting slag the continuous emergence of the inert gas avoids the slag attacking the pipe.
9a~6~
Finally, it should be noted that ~igure 4 shows a preferred dimension-ing and proportioning of the blind bores in the wall of the pipe. As stated the various blind bores are arranged concentrically around the axis and of the pipe. Character X denotes the radial spacing between the bores 7 and the inner surface 11 of the pipe. The character Y denotes the azimuthal spacing between two adjacen~ bores 7. In a preferred form of practicing the invention, these two dimensions X and Y are equal. However, generally speaking, the spacing Y
should not exceed twice the spacing X.
The invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but all changes and modifications thereof~ not constituting departures from the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included.
Injection or charge pipes of the type to which the invention pertains are used for teeming molten steel either from a ladle into a tundish or from a tundish into the mold of continuous casting machine. The fireproof refractory material used for such charging and injection pipes, are usual]y gas permeable.
In teeming molten steel through such a pipe, it has to be observed that, parti-cularly in the case of killed steel, certain deoxidizing products are precipitat-ed upon the walls of the injection pipe. These deposits reduce the casting throughput and are also detrimental to the quality of the steel product.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a new and improvedinjection feeding or charging pipe to be used in continuous casting apparatus and made of a fireproof refractory and gas-permeable ma*erial in which deposit of deoxidization products are reliably avoided, particularly within the casting channel, as well as on the outside of the pipe as it dips into the molten steel bath.
The invention provides in an apparatus for continuous casting of steel, a feeding and injection pipe of fireproof refractory and gas permeable material comprising: a pipe body having a wall of predetermined thickness; a plurality of blind bores longitudinally traversing said wall and arranged concentrically around the axis of the pipe; an annular channel gas conductively interconnecting said blind bores; means for closing said blind bores at the respective other end; and a duct for feeding an inert gas from the outside to the system of bores and channel.
Preferably the gas feeder duct leads to the annular channel. In furtherance of the invention, the annular duct is at the top of the pipe and ~ .
:
is closed by an insert having a higher wear resistance than the remainder of the pipe. The distance between the end of the blind bore and the lower end of ; the pipe l~all should be about half the wall thickness o-E the pipe.
In order to improve and to render more uniEorm the effect of the gas, particularly as far as the inner surface of the yipe is concerned, it is sug-gested that the wall tllickness between two adjacent blind bores is not larger than twice the wall thiclcness between a blind bore and the inner surface of the pipe. Preferably the spacing between adjacent blind bores and the radial spacing between a blind bore and the inner surface of the pipe are equal. It is important, generally, that the gas be uniformly distributed at the surface portions which will be contacted by the flowing molten steel.
In continuous casting of steel in form of billets the utilization of such charging and injection pipes causes difficulties in cases where the dimensions of the product are relatively small. Small castings are now made occasionally with oil lubrication, i.e. without casting powder or flux and without slag cover. The molten steel discharges from the tundish by means of nozzles w?lic?l are prone to clogging, particularly because the surface area in relation to the cross-section is rather large. Therefore, cas~ing of aluminum killed steel is not possible because the nozzles would clog in a very short period of time. Thus, it was customary in the past to kill steel by means of silicon or manganese. Oil lubrication is advantageous because a charge and in jection pipe of convelltional design does not have to be used, it is simply too large, particularly in view of the fact that the rate of deposit during casting and the total thicklless of a resulting deposit to bc ecpected during a run has to be taken into consideration in designing the cross-section and other dimen-sions of the injection in charging pipe. In the case of very small charging pipes, there are problems moreover resulting from the fact that during startup, ~.99~69 the steel may "freeze" in view of the small dimensions involved.
The invention however provides a feeding injection and charge pipe which avoids the formation of deposits by operation oF the gas injection into thc pipe. Even in the case of aluminum killed steel, deposits on and in the pipe are in fact avoided. Therefore, the particular type of feeding and in-jection pipes as per the invention can even be used for casting billets being smaller or equal to 130 millimeters. This in turn permits avoidance of oil lubrication and instead casting powder and flux can be used, which of course improves the surface quality of the product to a considerable extent.
While the specification concludes the claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which is regarded as the inven-tion, it is believed that the invention and features and advantages thereof will be better understood from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 is an overall sectional view of a continuous casting apparatus;
Figure 2 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view through a feeder injection and charge pipe in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention and particularly adapted for being affixed to the bottom of a vessel;
Figure 3 is another example for the preferred embodiment of the present invention also shown in longitudinal section and constructed for in-sertion into an opening in the bottom of a vessel from which steel is to be discharged; and Figure 4 is a cross-section through a pipe in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention following in particular rules for dimensioning.
1~.99469 Figure 1 illustrates somewhat schematically a continuous casting apparatus having a casting vessel 1 whicll may be~a ladle or a tundish and a cast-ing discharge or injection pipe 3 leading from the bottom of the vessel 1 into the interior of a mold 2 for continuous casting. The mold is provided with the usual cooling ducts and passages. Reference nullleral 4 refers to the casting strand as produced by t]lis mold 2, and one can see that a barely solidified s~in enclosing a molten interior emerges from the bottom of the mold to be moved further by means of a roller track 5. The bottom of the casting pipe 3 is sub-merged in the molten steel, i.e. it extends below the surface level 6 of the bath therein.
After having described generally the background and equipment in which the invention is practiced, we refer now to figure 2 illustrating a parti-cular pipe 3 constructed in accordance with the preferred enibodiment of the pre-sent invention. The p;pe 3 is of fireproof refractory and gas permeable material e.g. a porous ceramic. The pipe is slightly tapered and has a slightly tapered interior around an axis 8 and an inner wall surface 11. The wall of the pipe 3 is traversed by a plurality of longitudinally extending blind bores 7. These bores 7 are arranged concentrically around the axis ~ of the pipe and traverse the wall accordingly. The blind bores or ducts 7 extend from the top to almost the bottom of the pipe, i.e. they end a little above the lower end face of the pipe 3 at a spacing which is about half the thickness of the wall of the pipe.
The several blind bores 7 are interconnected near the top of the pipe by means of a flat annular duct or channel 9. The channel 9 is formed as an annular groove in the pipe material and is closed from the top by means of a fireproof insertl511avitlg a higller wear resistance than the material of W]liC
the pipe 3 is made. In addition, the pipe 3 is provided with a flange 13 by mcatls of w?liell the pipe can be affixed to the bottom of a ladle or tundish.
i 1~99~69 The flange 13 particularly is in addition traversed by a narrow duct 10 leading from the outside to the annular channel 9. Duct lO is connected to a source of inert gas supplying inert gas to the annular channel 9 as well serv-ing as a manifold or distributor to feed all of the blind bores 7. In view of the fact that the matcrial of which the pipe 3 is made is gas permeable ~porous), the inert gas will in fact migrate or even be forced through the tube material and emerge therefrom, that is on the inside 11 of the tube 3 and the bottom and the outside surface thereof.
Figure 3 illustrates a somewhat modified pipe 3' having again ~he same system of ducts 7' and an annular interconnect channel 9'. However, the upper portion of this pipe 3' is more strongly tapered for insertion into an opening in a bottom of the vessel from which molten steel is to be poured. Also, the duct and channel 9' is closed by means of an insert15' made also of wear resist-ing fireproof and refractory material, but having a flared or trumpet shaped inlet. Moreover, one can see that in this particular case, the annular channel is established by an annular groove in the insert 15 and a shoulder surface of a recess in the pipe 3' serves in this case as a bottom for the channel 9' from which the blind bores 7' extend dowm~ards. Moreover, in the particular pipe shown in Figure 3, the gas duct 10' leads into one of the blind bores 7', the reason for this being that upon insertion of this pipe 3' into the bottom struc-ture of the casting ladle or tundish, there may be no direct access to the annular channel 9'.
In lllakillg such a pipe, one may provide the blind bores by means of corcs made of a material such that upon sintcring the refractory material, these cores melt a flow out or burn-off.
Thc two pipes illustrated in Figures 2 and 3 are shown to be of ~;. ., ~
9~f~9 integral construction, with the exception of course of the top insert. In the alternative, however) one may construct such a feed and injection pipe of either configuration by means of two pipes arranged concentric to each other i.e. in a nested configuration, each of the two pipes having a system of grooves~ the inner one of the two pipes on its outside surface and the outer one of the two pipes on its inside surface. These grooves in pairs complete such blind bores as illustrated.
As stated, it is the purpose of the inventive bore and duct system to feed gas on a continuous basis into the pipe by passing the gas through the wall material. This effect, however, is not needed (and from a point of view of economy and gas consumption is actually undesired) as far as concerns the outer surface portion of the pipe which extends between the casting vessel 1 and the bath level 6. Therefore, the outer surface of the pipe in that range may be covered with a material which is impermeable to gas, so that the gas flow is restricted to a flow resulting in an emergence from the inside surface of the pipe as well as from the lower outside surface thereof.
In general, it was found that the pipe in accordance with the present invention successfully avoids the depositing and precipitation of deoxidizing products on the inside surface of the pipe as well as on that portion of the outside surface which dips into the molten steel. It should further be men-tioned, that the conventional feed, injection and discharge pipe exhibits pre-cipitation and deposits on the outer surface which in fact can directly inter-fere with the formation of the solidified skin of the casting inside of the mold.
This, of course, is a considerable danger and the inventive pipe reliably avoids this problem. Moreover, in cases where the bath is covered with a casting slag the continuous emergence of the inert gas avoids the slag attacking the pipe.
9a~6~
Finally, it should be noted that ~igure 4 shows a preferred dimension-ing and proportioning of the blind bores in the wall of the pipe. As stated the various blind bores are arranged concentrically around the axis and of the pipe. Character X denotes the radial spacing between the bores 7 and the inner surface 11 of the pipe. The character Y denotes the azimuthal spacing between two adjacen~ bores 7. In a preferred form of practicing the invention, these two dimensions X and Y are equal. However, generally speaking, the spacing Y
should not exceed twice the spacing X.
The invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but all changes and modifications thereof~ not constituting departures from the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included.
Claims (10)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. In an apparatus for continuous casting of steel, a feeding and injec-tion pipe of fireproof refractory and gas permeable material comprising:
a pipe body having a wall of predetermined thickness;
a plurality of blind bores longitudinally traversing said wall and arranged concentrically around the axis of the pipe;
an annular channel gas conductively interconnecting said blind bores;
means for closing said blind bores at the respective other end; and a duct for feeding an inert gas from the outside to the system of bores and channel.
a pipe body having a wall of predetermined thickness;
a plurality of blind bores longitudinally traversing said wall and arranged concentrically around the axis of the pipe;
an annular channel gas conductively interconnecting said blind bores;
means for closing said blind bores at the respective other end; and a duct for feeding an inert gas from the outside to the system of bores and channel.
2. A pipe in accordance with Claim 1 wherein said gas duct leads to said annular channel.
3. A pipe as in Claim 1 wherein said means for closing includes an insert of a material having a higher wear resistance than the material of which said pipe is made, said insert constituting a boundary for said annular channel.
4. A pipe as in Claim 1, 2 or 3 wherein said pipe is of uniform construc-tion except for said means for closing.
5. A pipe as in Claim 1, 2 or 3 wherein said pipe is made of two concen-trically arranged pipes, said blind bores being constituted by grooves in inter-facing surfaces of said pipes.
6. A pipe as in Claim 1, 2 or 3 wherein said blind bores end at a distance from a bottom face of said pipe, that is about equal to half the wall thickness of said pipe at said end.
7. A pipe as in Claim 1, wherein said blind bores are spaced from each other by a distance not exceeding the spacing of a blind bore from the inside surface of the pipe.
8. A pipe in accordance with Claim 7 wherein said two spacings are equal.
9. A pipe as in Claim 1 wherein the pipe is porous so that gas fed into the blind bores will penetrate the wall in surface portions being in contact with molten steel so as to prevent precipitation on said surface portions on the inside and the outside of the pipe.
10. A pipe as in Claim 1 wherein said blind bores end at a distance from a bottom face of said pipe, said distance being about equal to half the wall thickness of said pipe at said end, and said bores are spaced from each other bya distance not exceeding the spacing of a blind bore from the inside surface of the pipe.
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19813149399 DE3149399C1 (en) | 1981-12-09 | 1981-12-09 | Submerged (immersion) nozzle |
| DEP3149399.8-24 | 1981-12-09 | ||
| DEP3204483.6 | 1982-02-09 | ||
| DE19823204483 DE3204483A1 (en) | 1982-02-09 | 1982-02-09 | Submerged nozzle |
| DE19823235515 DE3235515C1 (en) | 1982-09-22 | 1982-09-22 | Use of an immersion spout |
| DEP3235515.7 | 1982-09-22 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1199469A true CA1199469A (en) | 1986-01-21 |
Family
ID=27189760
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000417267A Expired CA1199469A (en) | 1981-12-09 | 1982-12-08 | Injection and feeder pipe for continuous casting apparatus |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4531567A (en) |
| BE (1) | BE895296A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1199469A (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2517574B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2111880B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1191099B (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3339586A1 (en) * | 1983-11-02 | 1985-05-23 | Didier-Werke Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden | SUBMERSIBLE SPOUT |
| JPH0224510Y2 (en) * | 1985-07-10 | 1990-07-05 | ||
| US4870037A (en) * | 1987-09-23 | 1989-09-26 | Vesuvius Crucible Company | Prevention of Al2 O3 formation in pouring nozzles and the like |
| US4791978A (en) * | 1987-11-25 | 1988-12-20 | Vesuvius Crucible Company | Gas permeable stopper rod |
| US5370370A (en) * | 1993-02-19 | 1994-12-06 | Vesuvius Crucible Company | Liner for submerged entry nozzle |
| JP2934187B2 (en) * | 1996-05-17 | 1999-08-16 | 明智セラミックス株式会社 | Long nozzle for continuous casting |
| US6475426B1 (en) | 2001-03-27 | 2002-11-05 | Vesuvius Crucible Company | Resin-bonded liner |
| KR100436212B1 (en) * | 2001-09-04 | 2004-06-16 | 조선내화 주식회사 | long nozzle for casting molten steel |
| CA2747887C (en) | 2009-01-21 | 2016-07-26 | Refractory Intellectual Property Gmbh & Co Kg. | Submerged entry nozzle |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3253307A (en) * | 1964-03-19 | 1966-05-31 | United States Steel Corp | Method and apparatus for regulating molten metal teeming rates |
| SU396166A1 (en) * | 1971-05-17 | 1973-08-29 | изобретени В. А. Салаутин, В. И. Сарамутин, А. Б. Вайнштейн, Е. С. лин, В. П. Горшков, С. В. Колпаков, Н. Д. Карпов, Н. Т. Никокошев, В. К. Бобокин , Б. И. Пономарев | GLASS FOR CONTINUOUS STEEL RATING |
| IT974028B (en) * | 1971-12-29 | 1974-06-20 | Stoecker U Kunz Gmbh | IMPROVEMENT IN THE SPOUT ARRANGEMENTS FOR CONTAINERS CONTAINING MELTED METALS |
| SU458382A1 (en) * | 1972-11-20 | 1975-01-30 | Новолипецкий Металлургический Завод | Teeming Glass |
| GB1493880A (en) * | 1975-03-08 | 1977-11-30 | Flogates Ltd | Pouring of metals |
| US4108339A (en) * | 1976-12-13 | 1978-08-22 | Leco Corporation | Integral nozzle with gas delivery manifold |
| DE2731113A1 (en) * | 1977-07-09 | 1979-01-18 | Didier Werke Ag | POURING MOLD AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
| JPS54126631A (en) * | 1978-03-27 | 1979-10-02 | Aikoh Co | Dipping nozzle for steel casting |
| SU783345A2 (en) * | 1979-01-25 | 1980-11-30 | Всесоюзный научно-исследовательский институт металлургической теплотехники | Tuyere for metal treatment in crystallizer |
| JPS55114449A (en) * | 1979-02-27 | 1980-09-03 | Toshiba Ceramics Co Ltd | Gas blowing type immersion nozzle |
| JPS56102357A (en) * | 1980-01-16 | 1981-08-15 | Toshiba Ceramics Co Ltd | Immersion nozzle for gas blowing type continuous casting |
| US4360190A (en) * | 1981-03-16 | 1982-11-23 | Junichi Ato | Porous nozzle for molten metal vessel |
-
1982
- 1982-11-24 IT IT24427/82A patent/IT1191099B/en active
- 1982-12-06 FR FR8220412A patent/FR2517574B1/en not_active Expired
- 1982-12-08 CA CA000417267A patent/CA1199469A/en not_active Expired
- 1982-12-08 GB GB08234970A patent/GB2111880B/en not_active Expired
- 1982-12-09 BE BE0/209691A patent/BE895296A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-12-10 US US06/448,790 patent/US4531567A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT1191099B (en) | 1988-02-24 |
| IT8224427A0 (en) | 1982-11-24 |
| BE895296A (en) | 1983-03-31 |
| GB2111880B (en) | 1985-09-25 |
| FR2517574A1 (en) | 1983-06-10 |
| FR2517574B1 (en) | 1986-06-06 |
| US4531567A (en) | 1985-07-30 |
| IT8224427A1 (en) | 1984-05-24 |
| GB2111880A (en) | 1983-07-13 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |