CA1197866A - Earthworking tool and method for protecting from abnormally high cutting loads - Google Patents
Earthworking tool and method for protecting from abnormally high cutting loadsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1197866A CA1197866A CA000425449A CA425449A CA1197866A CA 1197866 A CA1197866 A CA 1197866A CA 000425449 A CA000425449 A CA 000425449A CA 425449 A CA425449 A CA 425449A CA 1197866 A CA1197866 A CA 1197866A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- block
- base
- shank
- assembly
- shank portion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- STECJAGHUSJQJN-USLFZFAMSA-N LSM-4015 Chemical compound C1([C@@H](CO)C(=O)OC2C[C@@H]3N([C@H](C2)[C@@H]2[C@H]3O2)C)=CC=CC=C1 STECJAGHUSJQJN-USLFZFAMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000283986 Lepus Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000003466 anti-cipated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/62—Drill bits characterised by parts, e.g. cutting elements, which are detachable or adjustable
- E21B10/627—Drill bits characterised by parts, e.g. cutting elements, which are detachable or adjustable with plural detachable cutting elements
- E21B10/633—Drill bits characterised by parts, e.g. cutting elements, which are detachable or adjustable with plural detachable cutting elements independently detachable
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/28—Small metalwork for digging elements, e.g. teeth scraper bits
- E02F9/2866—Small metalwork for digging elements, e.g. teeth scraper bits for rotating digging elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
- E21C35/18—Mining picks; Holders therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
- E21C35/18—Mining picks; Holders therefor
- E21C35/19—Means for fixing picks or holders
- E21C35/191—Means for fixing picks or holders for fixing holders
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
- E21C35/18—Mining picks; Holders therefor
- E21C35/19—Means for fixing picks or holders
- E21C35/193—Means for fixing picks or holders using bolts as main fixing elements
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Road Repair (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
- Soil Working Implements (AREA)
- Component Parts Of Construction Machinery (AREA)
- Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
Abstract
TITLE OF THE INVENTION
EARTHWORKING TOOL AND METHOD FOR PROTECTING
FROM ABNORMALLY HIGH CUTTING LOADS
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
There is disclosed a base and block assembly for use with an earthworking bit. The assembly comprises a base and a block engaged in the base. The block has a shank portion and a toolholder portion extending from a first end of the shank and adapted for receiving the earthworking bit. The assembly also comprises means for causing the block to preferentially fail when exposed to abnormally high cutting loads. Also disclosed is a method for protecting the base of a base and block assembly when in use with an earthworking bit. The method comprises preferentially weakening the block so as to cause the block to fail when exposed to abnormally high cutting loads and engaging the block with the base.
EARTHWORKING TOOL AND METHOD FOR PROTECTING
FROM ABNORMALLY HIGH CUTTING LOADS
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
There is disclosed a base and block assembly for use with an earthworking bit. The assembly comprises a base and a block engaged in the base. The block has a shank portion and a toolholder portion extending from a first end of the shank and adapted for receiving the earthworking bit. The assembly also comprises means for causing the block to preferentially fail when exposed to abnormally high cutting loads. Also disclosed is a method for protecting the base of a base and block assembly when in use with an earthworking bit. The method comprises preferentially weakening the block so as to cause the block to fail when exposed to abnormally high cutting loads and engaging the block with the base.
Description
~71~i1, BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention i~ related to the field of earth-working tools such as those used on machines for cutking rock or coal or machines for road building and road maintenance. For purposes of illustration, this inven-tion will be shown and described with respect to a road planer, a particular type of road building and road maintenance equipment.
The tools with which this invention is most concerned are those tools comprised of a base, a block (sometimes called a lug~, and a bit for contacting the working medium. The bit may be any one of several types which are well known in the prior art.
A normal conseyuence of utilizing tools is an abrasive working medium such as the earth i8 that the tools wear out and must then be replaced. The period of time during replacement is greater when the bits are tipped with a hard wear resistant material such as tungsten carbide.
The tools are attached to a rotor ~which rotates causing the bits to dig into the earth. Often, the base and block are welded to the rotor while the bit is removably attached to the block. In normal operation t only the bit has to be replaced. However, it is recog-nized that the block itself may also wear out or even break. In this circumstance, the whole machine must be shut down so that a welder may be located for the purpose of removing the old block and then installing a ~7~
new one. There is considerable expense involved in allowing such an expensive machine to lay idle.
Thus, it is desirable to also make the block replaceable as is, for example, shown in United States Patent NosO 2,905,456; 3,820~84~7 and 4/180,292~
This only partially solves the problem since~ if an underground obstacle is encountered, such as buried railroad tracks, manhole rings, expansion plates or deck plates on bridges/ an abnormally high cutting load will be put on the bit, and the base itself may be ripped from the rotor. If this occurs, the machine will then have to be shut down and a welder will have to be located as before.
A way to remedy the situation is to make the base and block sufficiently massive so that, together, they can withstand the resultant cutting forces. This is shown, for example, in United States Patent No.
3,749,449. A consequence of this design is that the rotor becomes very heavy due to the "beefed-up" base and block so that the force available for cutting action through the bit is somewhat reduced. Of course, such a design would also he more expensive.
An alternative to the problems of the prior art has been provided by the invention of this application.
Thus, it is an object of this invention to provide a hase and block assembly that is both lightweight and durable.
It is another ob~ect that the base and block assembly be cost effective.
It is a further object that the block of a base and block assembly be replaceable and yet be rigidly held by the base when in operation.
It iS a still further object of this invention that the base of a base and block assembly be protected from abnormally high cutting loads.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE lNVh~N~l~ION
According to the present invention, disclosed is an assembly for use with an earthworking bito There is a base and a block engaged in the base. I'he block has a shank portion and a toolholder portion. The toolholder portion extends from a first end of the shank and is adapted for receiving an earthworking bit. There is also means for causing the block to preferentially fail when exposed to abnormally high cutting loads.
The base has a T-shaped recess formed by the inter-section of a vertical slot and a horizontal slot. The block has a T-shaped portion extending from a second end of the shank portion. When Eully assembled, the T-shaped portion slidably engages the T-shaped recess~
The failure means is disposed on the shank portion and, preferably, it is on the shank portion between the toolholder portion and the T-shaped portion~ Pre~er-ably, also, the failure means comprises a segment of said shank portion in which the cross section is reduced from the remainder of the shank portion. Most ~4--preferably, the reduced cross section area segment com-prises a groove situated along at least one peripheral surface of the shank portion.
The base also has a top portion of two intersecting surfacesO Each of the top portion surfaces is inclined to the horizontal. The block also has a bottom portion of two lntersecting surfaces e~tending outwardly from the first end of the shank portion. Each of the bottom portion surfaces is inclined to the horizontal. The top portion surfaces of the base directly oppose the bottom portion surfaces of the block when the block engages the base. Preferably, the angle that each of the top por-tion suraces of the base and the angle that each of the bottom portion surfaces of the block makes with the horizontal is about 10 degrees.
Even more preferably, the horizontal slot and the top portion surfaces of the base diverge from one another toward the rear of the base. The T-shaped portion and the bottom portion surfaces of the block diverge in a similar manner from one another toward the rear of the block. The base and the block become wedgingly engaged due to this divergence as the block moves rearwardly in the base.
Also, according to the invention, the base and block assembly preferably comprise means for re~aining the block in the base in immovable engagement. Preer-ably, the retaining means comprise fasteniny means~ a threaded recess in the rear of the shank portion and a perforation in the rear of the T~shaped recessO The perforation and threaded recess are in alignment when the hlock engages the base. The fastening means passes through the perforation and engages the threaded recessO
According to the invention, a block is disclosed for use with an eartbworking bit. There is a shank por-tion and a toolholder portion extending from a first end of the shank and adapted for receiving the earthworking bit. There are also means for causing the block to preferentially fail when exposed to abnormally high cutting loads~
Preferably, the block also has a T-shaped portion extending from a second end oE the shank portion.
Preferably, also, the failure means is disposed on the shank portion. More preferably, it is on the shank portion between the toolholder portion and the T-shaped portion. The ~ailure means comprises a segment of the shank portion in which the cross section area is reduced from the remainder of the shank portion. It is most preferable that the reduced cross section area segment comprises a groove situated along at least one peri-pheral surface of the shan~ portion.
The bloc~ also has a bottom portion of two inter-secting surfaces extending outwardly from the first end of the shank portion. Each of the bottom portion surfaces is inclined to the horizontal. Preferably, the angle that each of the bottom portion surfaces makes ~7i~
with the horizontal is about 10 degreesO Preferably, ~he T-shaped portion and bottom portion surfaces diverge from one another to~ard the rear of the block.
According to the invention, there is also disclosed a method to protect the base of a base and block assembly when used with an earthworking bit. The method comprises preferentially weakening the block so as to cause the block to fail when exposed to abnormally high cutting loads and engaging the block with the base.
Preferably, the step of preferentially weakening is by reducing the cross section area of a portion of the block. Most preferably, the step of reducing the cross section area is by forming a groove along at least one peripheral surface of the hlock~
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The exact nature of the present invention will become more clearly apparent upon reference to the following detailed specification taken in connection with the acco~panying drawings in whichs Figure 1 is a perspective view of a bit and block assembly on a rotor.
Figure 2 is a Eront view of a base and block assembly with an earthworking bit.
Figure 3 is a side view of a base and block assembly with an earthworking bit.
Figure 4 is a side view of the block.
Figure 5 is a front view of the block.
Figure 6 is a rear view of the block.
Figure 7 is a Eront view of the base.
Fi~ure 8 is a side view of the base.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF T~E INVENTION
Referring to the drawings in more detail, Figure 1 shows the base 2 and the block 4 as it would normally appear on the rotor 6. As can be seen, the base is welded S to the rotor.
Figures 2 and 3 show the base 2 and the block 4 with an earthworking bit 10. The bit shown is a rotatable bit with a captive keeper, but may be any one of several types which are well known in the prior art.
The section of the base in Figure 3 is illustrative of the engagement of the base, block and fastening means.
Referring now additionally to Figures 4 through 8, there is disclosed according to the invention an assembly for use with an earthworking bit. There is a base 2 and a block 4 engaging the base. The block has a shank portion 12 and a toolholder portion 14 extending from a first end 16 of the shank and adapted for receiving an earthworking bit 10. There are also means for causing the block to pre~erentially fail when exposed to abnormally high cutting loads.
The base has a T-shaped recess 18 formed by the intersection of a vertical slot 20 and a horizontal slot 22. The block has a T-shaped portion 24 extending from a second end 26 of the shank portion. The T-shaped portion slidably engages the T-shaped recess.
Preferably, the failure means is disposed on the shank portion. More preferably, the failure means may also be disposed on the shank portion between the tool-holder portion and the ~-shaped portion. The failure means comprises a segment of the shank portion in which the cross section is reduced from the remainder of the shank portion. Most preferably, the reduced cross section area segment comprises a groove 28 situated along at least one peripheral surface of the shank portion.
It is necessary so as to fulfill the objectives of the invention that the groove be located along at least one peripheral surface; ho~7ever, it is contemplated within the scope of the invention that the yroove may also be located on two, three or all of the peripheral surfaces of the shank portion~
Similar designs, such as any thinning of the cross section of the shank, are al90 contemplated within the scope of this invention.
The base may also have a top portion of two inter-secting surfaces 30. Each of the top portion surfaces i5 inclined to the horizontal 32. The block also has a bottom portion of two intersecting surfaces 34 extending outwardly from the first end 16 of the shank portion.
Each of the bottom portion surfaces is inclined to the horizontal 36, The top portion surfaces 30 of the base directly oppose the bottom portion surfaces 34 of the block when the block engages the base.
_9_ 8~6 This can best be seen in Figure 2 where the top portion surfaces oppose the bottom portion surfaces at 38. The purpose of inclining the bottom portion surfaces and the top portion surfaces is to counteract side loading of the earthworking bit.
It is preferable that the angle 40 that each of the top portion surfaces of the base and the angle ~0 that each of the bottom portion surfaces of the block makes with the horizontal is about lO degrees.
Preferably, the horizontal slot 22 and the top por-tion surfaces 30 of the base diverge from one another toward the rear 42 of the base~ The T-shaped portions 24 and the bottom portion surfaces 34 of the block diverge in a similar manner from one another toward the rear 4~ of the block. The base and block be~ome wedgingly engaged due to this divergence as the block moves rearwardly in the base.
Also, according to the invention, there are means for retaining the base and block in immovable engage-ment. It is desirable to retain the base and block inimmovable engagement so as to avoid unnecessary wear between the base and the block.
Preferably, the retaining means comprise a fasten-ing means, a threaded recess 48 in the rear 44 of the shank portion and a perforation 50 in the rear 42 of the T-shaped recess 18. The perforation 50 and the threaded recess 48 are in alignment when the block engages the base. ~he fastening means passes through the perfora-tion and engages the threaded recess.
7~
The fastening means is preEerably a bolt 46 and lock washer 47 as shown in Figure 3. However, similar fastening means such as a bolt and spring are also contemplated within the scope of this invention.
According to the invention, disclosed is a block 4 for use with an earthworking bit 10. There is a shank portion 12 and a toolholder portion 14 extending from a first end 16 of the shank and adapted for receiving an earthworking bit 10. There are also means for causing the block to preferentially fail when exposed to abnor-mally high cutting loads. The block also has a T-shaped portion 24 extending from a second end 26 of the shank portion.
Preferably, the failure means is disposed on the shank portion, or even more preferably, is disposed on the shank portion between the toolholder portion and the T-shaped portion. The failure means comprises a segment of the shank portion in which the cross section area is reduced from the remainder of the shank portion. Most preferably, the reduced cross section area segment com~
prises a groove 28 situated along at least one peri-pheral surface of the shank portion.
While a groove is particularly shown and described, any similar feature that causes the cross section of the shank portion to be reduced in area is contemplated within the scope of the invention.
The block has a bottom portion of two intersecting surfaces 34 extending outwardly from the firsk end 16 ~7~
of the shank portion~ Each of the bottom portion sur-faces is inclined to the horizontal 36. The purpose o~
inclining the surface is to counteract the side loading of the earthworking bit. Preferablyl the angle 40 that each of the bottom portion surfaces makes with the horizontal is about 10 degrees.
Preferably, also, the hlock has a T-shaped portion 24 and bottom portion surfaces 34 diverging from one another toward the rear 44 of the block.
According to the invention, disclosed i5 a method to protect the base of a base and block assembly when used with an earthworking bit. The method comprises preferentially weakening the block so as to cause the block to fail when exposed to abnormally high cutting loads and engaging the block with the base.
It is anticipated that this method will cause the block to fail first when exposed to abnormally high cutting loads, or at least to deform so as to preclude further service, thereby preventing the base from being ripped off the rotor.
Preferably, the step of preferentially weakening comprises reducing the cross section area of a portion of said block. Most preEerably, the step of reducing the cross section area comprises forming a groove 28 along at least one peripheral surface of the block.
While a groove is particularly shown and described as the most preferred method of preferentially weakening, similar designs which cause the cross section oE the 6~ii block to be reduced in area are contemplated within the scope of the invention.
Modifications may be made within the scop.e of the appended clai~s.
This invention i~ related to the field of earth-working tools such as those used on machines for cutking rock or coal or machines for road building and road maintenance. For purposes of illustration, this inven-tion will be shown and described with respect to a road planer, a particular type of road building and road maintenance equipment.
The tools with which this invention is most concerned are those tools comprised of a base, a block (sometimes called a lug~, and a bit for contacting the working medium. The bit may be any one of several types which are well known in the prior art.
A normal conseyuence of utilizing tools is an abrasive working medium such as the earth i8 that the tools wear out and must then be replaced. The period of time during replacement is greater when the bits are tipped with a hard wear resistant material such as tungsten carbide.
The tools are attached to a rotor ~which rotates causing the bits to dig into the earth. Often, the base and block are welded to the rotor while the bit is removably attached to the block. In normal operation t only the bit has to be replaced. However, it is recog-nized that the block itself may also wear out or even break. In this circumstance, the whole machine must be shut down so that a welder may be located for the purpose of removing the old block and then installing a ~7~
new one. There is considerable expense involved in allowing such an expensive machine to lay idle.
Thus, it is desirable to also make the block replaceable as is, for example, shown in United States Patent NosO 2,905,456; 3,820~84~7 and 4/180,292~
This only partially solves the problem since~ if an underground obstacle is encountered, such as buried railroad tracks, manhole rings, expansion plates or deck plates on bridges/ an abnormally high cutting load will be put on the bit, and the base itself may be ripped from the rotor. If this occurs, the machine will then have to be shut down and a welder will have to be located as before.
A way to remedy the situation is to make the base and block sufficiently massive so that, together, they can withstand the resultant cutting forces. This is shown, for example, in United States Patent No.
3,749,449. A consequence of this design is that the rotor becomes very heavy due to the "beefed-up" base and block so that the force available for cutting action through the bit is somewhat reduced. Of course, such a design would also he more expensive.
An alternative to the problems of the prior art has been provided by the invention of this application.
Thus, it is an object of this invention to provide a hase and block assembly that is both lightweight and durable.
It is another ob~ect that the base and block assembly be cost effective.
It is a further object that the block of a base and block assembly be replaceable and yet be rigidly held by the base when in operation.
It iS a still further object of this invention that the base of a base and block assembly be protected from abnormally high cutting loads.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE lNVh~N~l~ION
According to the present invention, disclosed is an assembly for use with an earthworking bito There is a base and a block engaged in the base. I'he block has a shank portion and a toolholder portion. The toolholder portion extends from a first end of the shank and is adapted for receiving an earthworking bit. There is also means for causing the block to preferentially fail when exposed to abnormally high cutting loads.
The base has a T-shaped recess formed by the inter-section of a vertical slot and a horizontal slot. The block has a T-shaped portion extending from a second end of the shank portion. When Eully assembled, the T-shaped portion slidably engages the T-shaped recess~
The failure means is disposed on the shank portion and, preferably, it is on the shank portion between the toolholder portion and the T-shaped portion~ Pre~er-ably, also, the failure means comprises a segment of said shank portion in which the cross section is reduced from the remainder of the shank portion. Most ~4--preferably, the reduced cross section area segment com-prises a groove situated along at least one peripheral surface of the shank portion.
The base also has a top portion of two intersecting surfacesO Each of the top portion surfaces is inclined to the horizontal. The block also has a bottom portion of two lntersecting surfaces e~tending outwardly from the first end of the shank portion. Each of the bottom portion surfaces is inclined to the horizontal. The top portion surfaces of the base directly oppose the bottom portion surfaces of the block when the block engages the base. Preferably, the angle that each of the top por-tion suraces of the base and the angle that each of the bottom portion surfaces of the block makes with the horizontal is about 10 degrees.
Even more preferably, the horizontal slot and the top portion surfaces of the base diverge from one another toward the rear of the base. The T-shaped portion and the bottom portion surfaces of the block diverge in a similar manner from one another toward the rear of the block. The base and the block become wedgingly engaged due to this divergence as the block moves rearwardly in the base.
Also, according to the invention, the base and block assembly preferably comprise means for re~aining the block in the base in immovable engagement. Preer-ably, the retaining means comprise fasteniny means~ a threaded recess in the rear of the shank portion and a perforation in the rear of the T~shaped recessO The perforation and threaded recess are in alignment when the hlock engages the base. The fastening means passes through the perforation and engages the threaded recessO
According to the invention, a block is disclosed for use with an eartbworking bit. There is a shank por-tion and a toolholder portion extending from a first end of the shank and adapted for receiving the earthworking bit. There are also means for causing the block to preferentially fail when exposed to abnormally high cutting loads~
Preferably, the block also has a T-shaped portion extending from a second end oE the shank portion.
Preferably, also, the failure means is disposed on the shank portion. More preferably, it is on the shank portion between the toolholder portion and the T-shaped portion. The ~ailure means comprises a segment of the shank portion in which the cross section area is reduced from the remainder of the shank portion. It is most preferable that the reduced cross section area segment comprises a groove situated along at least one peri-pheral surface of the shan~ portion.
The bloc~ also has a bottom portion of two inter-secting surfaces extending outwardly from the first end of the shank portion. Each of the bottom portion surfaces is inclined to the horizontal. Preferably, the angle that each of the bottom portion surfaces makes ~7i~
with the horizontal is about 10 degreesO Preferably, ~he T-shaped portion and bottom portion surfaces diverge from one another to~ard the rear of the block.
According to the invention, there is also disclosed a method to protect the base of a base and block assembly when used with an earthworking bit. The method comprises preferentially weakening the block so as to cause the block to fail when exposed to abnormally high cutting loads and engaging the block with the base.
Preferably, the step of preferentially weakening is by reducing the cross section area of a portion of the block. Most preferably, the step of reducing the cross section area is by forming a groove along at least one peripheral surface of the hlock~
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The exact nature of the present invention will become more clearly apparent upon reference to the following detailed specification taken in connection with the acco~panying drawings in whichs Figure 1 is a perspective view of a bit and block assembly on a rotor.
Figure 2 is a Eront view of a base and block assembly with an earthworking bit.
Figure 3 is a side view of a base and block assembly with an earthworking bit.
Figure 4 is a side view of the block.
Figure 5 is a front view of the block.
Figure 6 is a rear view of the block.
Figure 7 is a Eront view of the base.
Fi~ure 8 is a side view of the base.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF T~E INVENTION
Referring to the drawings in more detail, Figure 1 shows the base 2 and the block 4 as it would normally appear on the rotor 6. As can be seen, the base is welded S to the rotor.
Figures 2 and 3 show the base 2 and the block 4 with an earthworking bit 10. The bit shown is a rotatable bit with a captive keeper, but may be any one of several types which are well known in the prior art.
The section of the base in Figure 3 is illustrative of the engagement of the base, block and fastening means.
Referring now additionally to Figures 4 through 8, there is disclosed according to the invention an assembly for use with an earthworking bit. There is a base 2 and a block 4 engaging the base. The block has a shank portion 12 and a toolholder portion 14 extending from a first end 16 of the shank and adapted for receiving an earthworking bit 10. There are also means for causing the block to pre~erentially fail when exposed to abnormally high cutting loads.
The base has a T-shaped recess 18 formed by the intersection of a vertical slot 20 and a horizontal slot 22. The block has a T-shaped portion 24 extending from a second end 26 of the shank portion. The T-shaped portion slidably engages the T-shaped recess.
Preferably, the failure means is disposed on the shank portion. More preferably, the failure means may also be disposed on the shank portion between the tool-holder portion and the ~-shaped portion. The failure means comprises a segment of the shank portion in which the cross section is reduced from the remainder of the shank portion. Most preferably, the reduced cross section area segment comprises a groove 28 situated along at least one peripheral surface of the shank portion.
It is necessary so as to fulfill the objectives of the invention that the groove be located along at least one peripheral surface; ho~7ever, it is contemplated within the scope of the invention that the yroove may also be located on two, three or all of the peripheral surfaces of the shank portion~
Similar designs, such as any thinning of the cross section of the shank, are al90 contemplated within the scope of this invention.
The base may also have a top portion of two inter-secting surfaces 30. Each of the top portion surfaces i5 inclined to the horizontal 32. The block also has a bottom portion of two intersecting surfaces 34 extending outwardly from the first end 16 of the shank portion.
Each of the bottom portion surfaces is inclined to the horizontal 36, The top portion surfaces 30 of the base directly oppose the bottom portion surfaces 34 of the block when the block engages the base.
_9_ 8~6 This can best be seen in Figure 2 where the top portion surfaces oppose the bottom portion surfaces at 38. The purpose of inclining the bottom portion surfaces and the top portion surfaces is to counteract side loading of the earthworking bit.
It is preferable that the angle 40 that each of the top portion surfaces of the base and the angle ~0 that each of the bottom portion surfaces of the block makes with the horizontal is about lO degrees.
Preferably, the horizontal slot 22 and the top por-tion surfaces 30 of the base diverge from one another toward the rear 42 of the base~ The T-shaped portions 24 and the bottom portion surfaces 34 of the block diverge in a similar manner from one another toward the rear 4~ of the block. The base and block be~ome wedgingly engaged due to this divergence as the block moves rearwardly in the base.
Also, according to the invention, there are means for retaining the base and block in immovable engage-ment. It is desirable to retain the base and block inimmovable engagement so as to avoid unnecessary wear between the base and the block.
Preferably, the retaining means comprise a fasten-ing means, a threaded recess 48 in the rear 44 of the shank portion and a perforation 50 in the rear 42 of the T-shaped recess 18. The perforation 50 and the threaded recess 48 are in alignment when the block engages the base. ~he fastening means passes through the perfora-tion and engages the threaded recess.
7~
The fastening means is preEerably a bolt 46 and lock washer 47 as shown in Figure 3. However, similar fastening means such as a bolt and spring are also contemplated within the scope of this invention.
According to the invention, disclosed is a block 4 for use with an earthworking bit 10. There is a shank portion 12 and a toolholder portion 14 extending from a first end 16 of the shank and adapted for receiving an earthworking bit 10. There are also means for causing the block to preferentially fail when exposed to abnor-mally high cutting loads. The block also has a T-shaped portion 24 extending from a second end 26 of the shank portion.
Preferably, the failure means is disposed on the shank portion, or even more preferably, is disposed on the shank portion between the toolholder portion and the T-shaped portion. The failure means comprises a segment of the shank portion in which the cross section area is reduced from the remainder of the shank portion. Most preferably, the reduced cross section area segment com~
prises a groove 28 situated along at least one peri-pheral surface of the shank portion.
While a groove is particularly shown and described, any similar feature that causes the cross section of the shank portion to be reduced in area is contemplated within the scope of the invention.
The block has a bottom portion of two intersecting surfaces 34 extending outwardly from the firsk end 16 ~7~
of the shank portion~ Each of the bottom portion sur-faces is inclined to the horizontal 36. The purpose o~
inclining the surface is to counteract the side loading of the earthworking bit. Preferablyl the angle 40 that each of the bottom portion surfaces makes with the horizontal is about 10 degrees.
Preferably, also, the hlock has a T-shaped portion 24 and bottom portion surfaces 34 diverging from one another toward the rear 44 of the block.
According to the invention, disclosed i5 a method to protect the base of a base and block assembly when used with an earthworking bit. The method comprises preferentially weakening the block so as to cause the block to fail when exposed to abnormally high cutting loads and engaging the block with the base.
It is anticipated that this method will cause the block to fail first when exposed to abnormally high cutting loads, or at least to deform so as to preclude further service, thereby preventing the base from being ripped off the rotor.
Preferably, the step of preferentially weakening comprises reducing the cross section area of a portion of said block. Most preEerably, the step of reducing the cross section area comprises forming a groove 28 along at least one peripheral surface of the block.
While a groove is particularly shown and described as the most preferred method of preferentially weakening, similar designs which cause the cross section oE the 6~ii block to be reduced in area are contemplated within the scope of the invention.
Modifications may be made within the scop.e of the appended clai~s.
Claims (16)
1. An assembly for use with an earthworking bit, com-prising: a base having a T-shaped recess formed by the inter-section of a vertical slot and a horizontal slot; a block engaging said base, said block having a shank portion and a toolholder portion extending from a first end of said shank and adapted for receiving an earthworking bit; said block having a T-shaped portion extending from a second end of said shank portion with said T-shaped portion slidably engaging said groove; and said shank having means for causing said block to preferentially fail when exposed to abnormally high cutter loads and located between said toolholder portion and said T-shaped portion.
2. The assembly of Claim 1 wherein said failure means comprises a segment of said shank portion in which the cross section area is reduced from the remainder of the shank portion.
3. The assembly of Claim 2 wherein said reduced cross area segment comprises a groove situated along at least one peripheral surface of said shank portion.
4. The assembly of Claim 1 wherein the base further comprises a top portion of two intersecting surfaces, each of said top portion surfaces inclined to the horizontal; and the block further comprises a bottom portion of two intersecting surfaces extending outwardly from the first end of said shank portion, each of said bottom portion surfaces inclined to the horizontal, said top portion surfaces of said base directly opposing said bottom portion surfaces of said block when said block engages said base.
5. The assembly of Claim 4 wherein the angle that each of said top portion surfaces of base and each of said bottom portion surfaces of said block makes with the horizontal is about ten degrees.
6. The assembly of Claim 4 wherein said horizontal slot and top portion surfaces of said base diverge from one another toward the rear of said base and said T-shaped portion and bottom portion surfaces of said block diverge in a similar manner from one another toward the rear of said block, said base and block becoming wedgingly engaged due to said divergence as said block moves rearwardly in said base.
7. The assembly of Claim 1 further comprising means for retaining the base and block in immovable engagement.
8. The assembly of Claim 7 wherein said retaining means comprises: fastening means; a threaded recess in the rear of said shank portion; and a perforation in the rear of said T-shaped recess, said perforation and threaded recess being in alignment when said block engages said base, said fastening means passing through said perforation and engaging said threaded recess.
9. A block for use with an earthworking bit, com-prising: a shank portion; a toolholder portion extending from a first end of said shank and adapted for receiving an earth-working bit; said block having a T-shaped portion extending from the second end of said shank portion, said T-shaped portion adapted for slidable engagement with a groove in a base member; and said shank having means for causing said block to preferentially fail when exposed to abnormally high cutting loads located between said toolholder portion and said T-shaped portion.
10. The block of Claim 9 wherein said failure means comprises a segment of said shank portion in which the cross section area is reduced from the remainder of the shank portion.
11. The block of Claim 10 wherein said reduced cross section area segment comprises a groove situated along at least one peripheral surface of said shank portion.
12. The block of Claim 9 further comprising a bottom portion of two intersecting surfaces extending outwardly from the first end of said shank portion, each of said bottom portion surfaces inclined to the horizontal.
13. The block of Claim 12 wherein the angle that each of said bottom portion surfaces makes with the horizontal is about ten degrees.
14. The block of Claim 12 wherein said T-shaped portion and bottom portion surfaces diverge from one another toward the rear of said block.
15. The assembly of Claim 1 wherein said means for preferential failure comprises a recess in the rear of said shank portion.
16. The block of Claim 9 wherein said failure means comprises a recess in the rear of said shank portion.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US36648882A | 1982-04-08 | 1982-04-08 | |
| US366,488 | 1982-04-08 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1197866A true CA1197866A (en) | 1985-12-10 |
Family
ID=23443224
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000425449A Expired CA1197866A (en) | 1982-04-08 | 1983-04-07 | Earthworking tool and method for protecting from abnormally high cutting loads |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS58195691A (en) |
| AT (1) | AT388581B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU561550B2 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE896399A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1197866A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH655752A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3312514A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2524916B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2118227B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL191634C (en) |
| SE (1) | SE464096B (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA832473B (en) |
Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3341321C2 (en) * | 1983-11-15 | 1986-04-24 | Ruhrkohle Ag, 4300 Essen | Arrangement of the cutting bit holder on the cutting body |
| US4650254A (en) * | 1983-12-14 | 1987-03-17 | Joy Manufacturing Company | Bit holder |
| FR2589945B1 (en) * | 1985-11-07 | 1988-01-29 | Santrade Ltd | CUTTING TOOL HOLDER FOR HARD MATERIAL WORK |
| DE3526994C1 (en) | 1984-09-19 | 1986-04-30 | Betek Bergbau- und Hartmetalltechnik Karl-Heinz Simon GmbH & Co KG, 7234 Aichhalden | Device for accommodating a pick for shearing and boring machines and the like, in particular for heading and winning machines |
| GB8717116D0 (en) * | 1987-07-20 | 1987-08-26 | Wimet Mining Ltd | Cutter picks |
| US5536073A (en) * | 1995-05-08 | 1996-07-16 | Kennametal Inc. | Road milling drum assembly and method of milling |
| EP0771911B1 (en) * | 1995-10-31 | 2001-08-22 | Bitelli Spa | An active element for the support of at least one milling tool, suited to be applied on milling drums of operating machines for the removal of soils |
| DE10106381B4 (en) * | 2001-02-12 | 2005-03-17 | Michael Steinbrecher | Roller equipped with tools for mobile machines |
| FR2823793B1 (en) * | 2001-04-24 | 2004-01-30 | Nfm Tech | DEVICE FOR FIXING A WORKING TOOL ON A DIGGING OR COLLECTING MACHINE OR ORE |
| DE10205791C1 (en) * | 2002-02-13 | 2003-04-30 | Michael Steinbrecher | Handle system for round shaft chisels comprises a box with recess for shaft of handle welded to roller on its upper side, handle provided with a tool recess whose shaft is inserted into the recess, and draw spindle for fixing the handle |
| KR101753303B1 (en) | 2010-12-03 | 2017-07-03 | 비르트겐 게엠베하 | Chisel holder, and chisel holder system comprising a chisel holder and a base part |
| DE102011051525A1 (en) * | 2011-07-04 | 2013-01-10 | Wirtgen Gmbh | Chisel holder for a soil tillage machine |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1168617A (en) * | 1966-03-18 | 1969-10-29 | Austin Hoy & Co Ltd | Improvements in or relating to Cutter Picks. |
| GB1188361A (en) * | 1966-03-24 | 1970-04-15 | Cincinnati Mine Machinery Co | Mounting Means for a Cutting Tool of a Mining Machine or the like and an Assembly of said means and said tool |
| GB1209374A (en) * | 1967-09-25 | 1970-10-21 | Harry Mathew Morrow | Cutting apparatus including in combination a bit holder and a cutting bit |
| GB1388503A (en) * | 1972-12-01 | 1975-03-26 | Sandvik Ab | Rock milling cutters |
| US4275929A (en) * | 1978-08-25 | 1981-06-30 | The Cincinnati Mine Machinery Company | Means for removably affixing a cutter bit mounting lug to a base member on the driven element of a mining machine or the like |
| US4240669A (en) * | 1978-10-02 | 1980-12-23 | Joy Manufacturing Company | Mining cutter bit holder and mounting assemblies |
| US4261620A (en) * | 1979-10-30 | 1981-04-14 | Carmet Company | Tapered lock pin for a cutter tool bit |
| EP0032428B1 (en) * | 1980-01-10 | 1986-08-27 | Stonehouse U.K. Limited | Rotary drill bits |
| CA1154040A (en) * | 1980-04-21 | 1983-09-20 | William P. Sulosky | Means for holding cutter bits |
| GB2077810B (en) * | 1980-06-17 | 1983-10-26 | Anderson Strathclyde Ltd | Detachable pick support |
-
1983
- 1983-03-29 GB GB08308683A patent/GB2118227B/en not_active Expired
- 1983-04-05 CH CH1826/83A patent/CH655752A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-04-05 JP JP58058797A patent/JPS58195691A/en active Granted
- 1983-04-07 SE SE8301901A patent/SE464096B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-04-07 DE DE19833312514 patent/DE3312514A1/en active Granted
- 1983-04-07 CA CA000425449A patent/CA1197866A/en not_active Expired
- 1983-04-07 BE BE0/210504A patent/BE896399A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-04-08 NL NL8301251A patent/NL191634C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-04-08 FR FR8305802A patent/FR2524916B1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-04-08 AU AU13284/83A patent/AU561550B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1983-04-08 AT AT0125183A patent/AT388581B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-04-08 ZA ZA832473A patent/ZA832473B/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| SE8301901L (en) | 1983-10-09 |
| NL191634C (en) | 1995-11-20 |
| ZA832473B (en) | 1984-06-27 |
| DE3312514C2 (en) | 1987-08-13 |
| NL8301251A (en) | 1983-11-01 |
| SE464096B (en) | 1991-03-04 |
| BE896399A (en) | 1983-08-01 |
| JPS6215718B2 (en) | 1987-04-08 |
| GB2118227A (en) | 1983-10-26 |
| GB2118227B (en) | 1985-11-06 |
| JPS58195691A (en) | 1983-11-14 |
| SE8301901D0 (en) | 1983-04-07 |
| DE3312514A1 (en) | 1983-10-20 |
| NL191634B (en) | 1995-07-17 |
| GB8308683D0 (en) | 1983-05-05 |
| AU561550B2 (en) | 1987-05-14 |
| CH655752A5 (en) | 1986-05-15 |
| AT388581B (en) | 1989-07-25 |
| FR2524916B1 (en) | 1985-07-12 |
| AU1328483A (en) | 1983-10-13 |
| FR2524916A1 (en) | 1983-10-14 |
| ATA125183A (en) | 1988-12-15 |
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Legal Events
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| MKEC | Expiry (correction) | ||
| MKEX | Expiry |