CA1188111A - Variable area means for air systems of air blast type fuel nozzle assemblies - Google Patents
Variable area means for air systems of air blast type fuel nozzle assembliesInfo
- Publication number
- CA1188111A CA1188111A CA000388912A CA388912A CA1188111A CA 1188111 A CA1188111 A CA 1188111A CA 000388912 A CA000388912 A CA 000388912A CA 388912 A CA388912 A CA 388912A CA 1188111 A CA1188111 A CA 1188111A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- air
- nozzle
- fuel
- valve
- piston
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
- F23C7/008—Flow control devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
- F23D11/24—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space by pressurisation of the fuel before a nozzle through which it is sprayed by a substantial pressure reduction into a space
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
- Nozzles For Spraying Of Liquid Fuel (AREA)
- Pressure-Spray And Ultrasonic-Wave- Spray Burners (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
A variable area air system means for air blast type fuel nozzles for use in gas turbine engines wherein fuel/
air ratios are controlled for the purpose of controlling engine emission products to meet mandated emission stan-dards over a wide range of engine operating conditions.
The variable area air metering means is connected with a pressure responsive actuating means for controlling the air flow in single fuel system and dual fuel system air blast type fuel nozzle and support assemblies used in gas turbine engines.
A variable area air system means for air blast type fuel nozzles for use in gas turbine engines wherein fuel/
air ratios are controlled for the purpose of controlling engine emission products to meet mandated emission stan-dards over a wide range of engine operating conditions.
The variable area air metering means is connected with a pressure responsive actuating means for controlling the air flow in single fuel system and dual fuel system air blast type fuel nozzle and support assemblies used in gas turbine engines.
Description
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VARIABLE AREA MEANS FOR AIR SYSTE~S
OF AIR ~LAST TYPE FUEL NOZZLE ASSEMBLIES
BACRGROUND AND SUMM~RY OF THE INVENTIOM
This invention relates to a variable area means ~or air systems of air blast type fuel nozzle. The varia~le area means is intended for use in the air systems o sin~le fuel system and dual fuel system a.ir blast type fuel nozzle assemblies or use in variable geometry (area) combustion systems of advanced design gas turbine en~inesO
The purpose of controlling fuel/air ratios is to ~eet emission standards over a wide range of engine op~rating conditionsO
Present technology Lor accomplishing movement of variable area air sys.ems of nozzles and combustors has been through the use of elaborate mechanical linkage systems with imput means through ~he engine case, such as disclosed in U.S~ Patent NoO 3,905,19~. ~.S~ Patent ~o~
4,044,533 issued August 30, 1977 to Vaught discloses a variable geometry swirler ln a combustion no~zle of a fuel system.
It is an object of this invention to provide a varla~le area air metering means connected with a pressure responsive actuating means integral within a nozzle assembly for controlling the air flow in the air systems of single fuel system and dual fuel system air blast type fuel nozzle and support assemblies used in gas turbine engines. A :E~Irther object of the inven-tion is to provide a p~ssaqe for a press~lrized actuating means, ei~her li~uid o.r gas, through the nozz:l.e and su~port assembly -to the inside of the engine case for the purpose of opera-ting the variable area air system of the noæ-~le ancl combus-tor.
Broadly speaking, -the above objec-ts are met by the present invention which provides an air blas-t type fuel nozzle assembly having a fuel delivery system :Eor a gas -turbine engine,.comprising: nozzle means having housing means wi-th fuel supply means for supplying fuel to downstream orifice means and having air supply means internal thereof -For supplying air with respect -to fuel flow from the orifi.ce means; and pressure responsive variable area air me-tering means on an upstream end of the nozzle means, including air inlet means in air flow communica-tion with the internal aîr supply means, sleeve means wi-thin the nozz]e means Eorming a piston-receiving means, piston means slidably received within the sleeve means with the piston means having a downstream face portion inside the nozzle means in fluid pressure commun-ica-tion with a source of actuating fluid pressure, and pis-ton rod means extending upstream of the face portion opera-tively connected to valve means in the air inlet means for actuating the valve means relative to the air inlet means, whereby fuel/air ratio is controllable over a wide range oE operating conditions.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWIN~S
Fig. 1 shows a typical external view of an air blast -type fuel nozzle and suppor-t assembly with a variable area air system means in the combustion system of a gas turbine engine.
Fig. 2 shows a detail cross-sectional view of a dual fuel system air blast fuel nozzle assembly with a variable area air system means for controlling air flow to both inner and outer air systems of a typical dual fuel system air blast type fuel nozzle assembly.
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Fig. 3 shows a modif :iCd tion of the nozzle assembly and var:iable area air sys-tem means as shown in Fig. 2 for controlling a:ir flow -to the outer air system of applicants' dual system air blast type Euel nozzle assembly.
Fig. 4 shows a further modifica-tion of -the nozzle assembly and variable area air system means as shown in Fig. 2 for controlling air flow -to -the inner air sys-tem of applicants' dual fuel sys-tem air blast -type fuel nozzle assembly.
Fig. 5 shows a detail cross-sec-tional view of a single fuel system air blast type fuel nozzle assembly with a variable area air system means for controlling air flow to both inner and outer air systems of a typical single fuel system air blast type fuel nozzle assembly.
Fig. 6 shows a further modifica-tion of the nozzle ~8 8 -3- `
assembly and variable area air system means as shown for controlling air flow to the outer air system of applicantls single fuel system air blast type fuel nozzle assembly.
S Fig. 7 shows a modification of the nozzle assembly and variable area air system means as shown in Fig. 5 for controlling air flow to the inner air system of applicant's single fuel system air blast type fuel nozzle assemblyc Fig. 8 shows a detail cross-sectional view of a dual fuel system air blast fuel nozzle assembly with a-variable area air system means for controlling air flow to both inner and outer air systems of a typical fuel system air blast fuel nozzle assembly with the integral pressure responsive actuating means connected to the primary nozzle Euel passage.
DESCRIPTION OF TF[E PREFERRED EM~3ODIMENT
Referring to Fig. 1~ the fuel feeding system for the invention disclosed is most particularly adapted for gas turbine engines as indicated by the fragmentary represen-tation thereon. In such engines, air is compressed by compressor and is discharged through an opening 10.
portion of the air enters a combusti~n chamber 12 for ignition with fuel discharged from nozzles 14O The remainder of ~he air passes on opposite sides of the combustion chamber 12 through passage 16 defined by the outer engine case 18 and an inner engine case 20 not shown. The products of combustion are discharged ,rom the combustion cham~er 12 on to a turbine (not shown) in a known fashion to drive the compressor and to generate a power output such as a propulsive jet forceO
The amount of fuel supplied to the nozzle 14 varies for different engine operating conditions. Pressurized fuel is supplied to the nozzle 14 through the support assembly 22 by means of the primary nozzle fuel inlet fitting 24, and the secondary nozzle fuel inlet fitting 26. A primary nozzle fuel passage 28 provides pressur-ized fuel to the primary fuel system. A secondary nozzle S fuel passage 30 provides pressurized ~uel to the second-ary fuel system. The variable area air system actuating means 32, using either liquid or gas, comprises an inlet fitting 34 and passage 36 to the interior of nozzle 14 in a manner to ~e herein described.
It is apparent as shown in Fig. 1, the nozzle and support is a unitary assembly and mounted to the outer engine casing 18 by bolts 33, with a typical prechamber 40 at the end of nozzle 14 mounted within an opening 42 of the combustion chamber 12. An engine spark igniter 44 is mounted to the outer engine case 18 and extends through the combustion chamber liner wall 19 to provide ignltion in the combustion chamber 12 ~o the combustible mixture emanating from the nozzle 14O
~ eferring to Fig. 2, the passages 28, 30 and 36 through the nozzle suppor~ 22 ar~ shown in broken cross-section view of the nozzle 14.
The nozzle support 22 is fabricatQd to the nozzle adaptor or housing 48 by means of brazing rings 50l and the nozzle adaptor 48 is ~abricated to the prechamber 40 ~y brazing ring 52, in a manner to be described hereinafterO
3~ The nozzle adaptor 48 comprises the main body section of the nozzle 14 in that it includes passases 28l, 30' and 36l which join the passages 28, 30 and 36 in the nozzle suppo~t 22.
The primary nozzle fuel passages 28, 28' extend into a chamber 54, which includes a primary nozzle fuel filter 56. Pr'mary fuel is thus adapted to flow into the primary nozzle means 55 ~hrough the fuel filter 56 into a recess 58, through slots 60 of the primary no~zle swirler 62, through recessed area 6~ and through the primary nozzle swirl holes 66 into the primary nozzle swirl chamber 68. The primary fuel is discharged through the primary nozzle orifice 70 of the primary nozzle swirl chamber in a hollow cone spray out of the primary nozzle orifice 70.
Around the e~it portion of the primary nozzle an air shroud 72 is welded a~ 74 to the primary nozzle body 76~ The primary nozzle body 76 has passages 78 to supply air from the inner air system under the air shroud 72 and wash~s across the nozzle face to prevent carbon ~ormations on the face of the nozzleO
The secondary nozzle fuel passages 30~ 30' extend into an area 90 and is adapted to provide fuel flow through angled secondary swirl slots 92, through area 94, past slots 95 of secondary nozzle swirler 96 and exits through annulus 98.
The outer air system 100 is adapted to exit through outer air swirl vanes or helical slots 101 to prechamber area 41 while the inner air system 102 is adopted to exit through the inner air swirl vanes 103 to prechamber area 4t via chamber 104O The actuating means to control the metering for the outer and inner air syst.ems 100 and 102, respectively comprises, either air, gas~ or liquid~
through the passages 36 and 36' to control metering of the air to the outer and inner air systemsO For examplef air is adopted to enter the bore lOS and is adapted to move the piston 107 against the bia~ of spring 109. That isl the piston 107 is a spring biased pressure responsive valve meansa The piston 107 is slidable in the actuating piston sleeve 111 that is fabricated by means of brazing ring 113 to the rear portion of the housing or nozzle adaptor 48~
A spring retainer 115 holds the concentricity of the spring 8~
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i~ the piston sleeve 111 with a snap ring 117 mounted in recess 119 o~ the sleeve 111 to hold the actuating piston 107 and spring 109 within the sleeve l110 ', T~e piston is biased against the spring and moves against it. The piston face comprises an ef~ective area~
with an operating pressure ~lowing ~hrough the passages 36, 36' operating against the piston 107 which in turn moves two valves which are attached to the piston rod 1210 - lO That ist bo~h outer and inner air systems are controlled by the movement o~ the piston 107~ The outer air system me~ering valve 123 is mounted on to the end 125 of the piston rod 1~1 and held in place by a retaining ring 127 . secured in a recessed Dortion 12g of the piston rod end ; 15 125. The outer air system metering valve 123 and the -~ inner air system metering valve 141 is adapted to move .~ axially or longitudinally as indicated by arrow 131. The .~ opening 133 is adapted to be opened to allow more air to enter the outer air system chamber 1350 That is, the . 20 outer air system 1Q0 i9 adapted to flow through the . openin~ 133 through the chamber 135, which is between the .'.' body o~ the nozzle adaptor 48 and the member 137, and is adapted to ~low past the outer air swirl vanes 101 to exit ': into the prechamber area 41. The member 137 separates the outer air system 100 from the inner air system 102~
.~ Simultaneous with the movement o~ air through ~he outer air systemr the inner air system air metering valve 141 is ~ adapted to move to allow air to enter the inner air system : c~amber 155 via openings 143 in the closed end portion 145 o~ the outer air system air metering valve 123 and through the opening 149 that exists between the inner air system air metering valve 141 and the end of the outer air systern air metering valve sleeve 1510 The inner air system 102 thus is adapted to flow through the openings 143 of the `.: 35 outer alr system air meterin~ valve 123, past the opening 149 through chambers 153 and 155, past the inner air swirl i vanes 103 on the primary nozzle ~ody and through chamber 104 to ex1t into the prechamber area 41 through annulus , 1564 An air scoop 157 is fabricated to the air metering valve 123 by means of brazing ring 1S9 in a manner to be described hereinafter.
S It is thus apparent that in the dual fuel system air blast type nozzle having a variable area air system actu-`atin~ means that the piston is adapted to move both valves; that is, the outer air system air metering valve 123 and the inner air system air metering valve 141 is moved to control the ratio of air in relation to the fuel in the nozzleO
The nozzIe and support is a unitary structure in that all the parts are fitted together and brazing rings are placed within the annular recesses of the various members and the completely assembled unit is then placed in a furnace. The elevated temperature in the furnace melts the brazing rods, such as shown in Fig. 2 namely, 50, 113, 16lt 162, 163~ and 167, to the mating members to form a unitary assembly. A brazing method similar to the method disclosed herein is disclosed in U.S. Patents 3,827,538 issued August 6, 1974 and 3,871,063 issued ~arch 18, lg75 to Robert M~ Halvorsen~
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE MODIFICATIONS
Fig~ 3 shows a modification of the nozzle assemblv showing essentially the same elements as in Fig. 2, with the exception of the inner air system air metering valve~
That is, movement o~ ~he piston 307 longitudinally along the direction of arrow 331 moves the piston rod 325. The outer air metering valve 323 is attached to the end of the piston rod 32S by a retaining ring 3~7 which is secured thereto in annular recess 329. It is thus apparen~ that as the pressure in the variable alr system actuating means increases, the piston moves axially to allow more air to enter the outer air system 300 through the onening 333, while the inner air system 302 has a constan~ flow of air ~a- :
throuyh the open vent means 343 of the closed end portion 345 of air metering valve 323.
Figv 4 shows a further modirication of the noxzle : 5 assembly showing a pressure responsive variable area ~: metering means for con~rolling air ~low to the inner air system of a dual fuel system air blast type fuel nozzle ` assembly. That is, ~he outer air metering valve is removed and only the inner air system air me~ering valve is adapted to be moved longi~udinally along the direction of arrow 4310 As the pressure in the variable area air system actuating means increases~ the piston 407 moves axially, moving the inner air system air metering valve 441, allowing more air to enter the inner air sys~em 402 through.the opening 449. The air metering valve 441 i5 connected to the end portion 425 of pis~on rod 421 by means of a retaining ring 427 sitting in recess 429 of the piston rod. It is apparent tha~ the outer air system 400 is adapted to flow through the chamber 435 of nozzle adaptor 44a without hindrance at a constant flowO
. Fig. 5 shows another modification of the nozzle - assembly showing a pressure responsive variable area air metering means for controlling air flow to both inner and : 25 outer air systems of a typical single fuel system air blast ~vpe uel noz~le assembly. This is evident by the view o Flg. 5 in cross-section showing the deletion of ~he primary noæzle system, and showing lnstead a nozzle '~
514 and support assemb].y S22 with the fuel passages 530 and 530' adapted to supply fuel to chamber 590~ through angled swirl slots 592, through area 594, past slots 595 : of nozzle swirler 596 to exit through annulus 598. Piston 507 is adapted to move longitudinally in the direction of arrow 531 when pressurized through passages 536 and 536' : 35 to move bo~h inner air metering valve S41 and outer air metering valve S23 and allow more air ~o flow through openings 549 and 533 of the inner and outer air systems 500 and 50Z respectivelv~ The inner air system 502 flows - 9 - j :
` through chambers 553, 555, past the inner air swirl vanes 503 through chamber 504 and exits into the prechamber area through annulus 556. The annulus 556 is an opening formed between the core 571 and the orifice of nozzle swirler 5960 Fig. 6 is a ~urther modification of the nozzle assembly showing a pressure responsive variable area air '~ metering means for controlling air flow to the outer air system of a typical sîngle fuel system air blas~ type fuel ~ 10 nozzle assemblyO The single nozzle fuel system shown in .- Fig. 5 is modified to include the outer air system 600 ~hich is adapted to be moved longitudinally along the direction of arrow 631 by piston 607~ The actuating means to control the movement of the metering valve 623 for the outer air system is adapted to flow through passage 636 ~- and 636' into piston chamber 605 ~o move piston 607.
Movement o~ piston 607 will effect movement o~ the outer air metering valve 623 allowing more air to enter through opening 633. The outer air metering valve 623 is connected `~ 20 to the end portion 6~5 of piston rod 621 by a retaining rinq 6274 The inner air flow 602 is adapted to be constantO
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3' Fig. 7 shows a further modification of the nozzle ~; `
assem~ly showing a pressure responsive variable area air metering means for controlling air flow to the inner air system of a typical single fuel system air blast type fuel nozzle assembly. The single system air blast type ~uel nozzle shown in ~ig~ S is modified to lnclude the inner air system 702 adapted to flow through opening 749 when the inner air metering valve 741 is moved longi.udinally ~ in the direction o~ arrow 73l~ The piston 707 is adapted ; to be moved axially in the piston sl~eve 711 by an increas2 of a pressure medium flowing through passage~ 730 and 730' into piston chamber 705. The inner air metering valve 741 is connected to the end portion 725 of piston rod 721 by a `~ retaining ring 727. It is thus apparent tnat the outer air ~low 700 remains constant while the inner air rlow 702 is variable.
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' ' -10-- , Fig. 8 is a modification ~f the noæzle assembly shown in Fis~ 2, showing a pressure responsive variable area air metering means for controlling outer and inner air flow as a function of the fuel pressure. That is, by increasing S the supply of fuel through the primary nozzle passages 828 and 828' to the chamber 854, the fluid is divided between the piston area chamber 805 and the primary no2æle exit ori~ice 870 o~ the primary nozzle means 855~ Thus, increasing the fuel pressure in chamher 805 is adapted to move the piston 807 in the direction of arrcw 831 and thus simultaneously move the outer air metering valve 823 and the inner air metering valve 841~ Movement of the outer and inner alr metering valves 823 and 841, allows more air to ~low ~hrough openings 833 and 849, in the outer and inner air flow systems 800 and 802, respectivelyO
While the best mode for practicing the invention has been described in detail, and other modes have been descri~ed generally in detail, those familiar with the !.' 20 art will recognize various alternative designs and embodiments ~or practicing the invention as defined by the claims:
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VARIABLE AREA MEANS FOR AIR SYSTE~S
OF AIR ~LAST TYPE FUEL NOZZLE ASSEMBLIES
BACRGROUND AND SUMM~RY OF THE INVENTIOM
This invention relates to a variable area means ~or air systems of air blast type fuel nozzle. The varia~le area means is intended for use in the air systems o sin~le fuel system and dual fuel system a.ir blast type fuel nozzle assemblies or use in variable geometry (area) combustion systems of advanced design gas turbine en~inesO
The purpose of controlling fuel/air ratios is to ~eet emission standards over a wide range of engine op~rating conditionsO
Present technology Lor accomplishing movement of variable area air sys.ems of nozzles and combustors has been through the use of elaborate mechanical linkage systems with imput means through ~he engine case, such as disclosed in U.S~ Patent NoO 3,905,19~. ~.S~ Patent ~o~
4,044,533 issued August 30, 1977 to Vaught discloses a variable geometry swirler ln a combustion no~zle of a fuel system.
It is an object of this invention to provide a varla~le area air metering means connected with a pressure responsive actuating means integral within a nozzle assembly for controlling the air flow in the air systems of single fuel system and dual fuel system air blast type fuel nozzle and support assemblies used in gas turbine engines. A :E~Irther object of the inven-tion is to provide a p~ssaqe for a press~lrized actuating means, ei~her li~uid o.r gas, through the nozz:l.e and su~port assembly -to the inside of the engine case for the purpose of opera-ting the variable area air system of the noæ-~le ancl combus-tor.
Broadly speaking, -the above objec-ts are met by the present invention which provides an air blas-t type fuel nozzle assembly having a fuel delivery system :Eor a gas -turbine engine,.comprising: nozzle means having housing means wi-th fuel supply means for supplying fuel to downstream orifice means and having air supply means internal thereof -For supplying air with respect -to fuel flow from the orifi.ce means; and pressure responsive variable area air me-tering means on an upstream end of the nozzle means, including air inlet means in air flow communica-tion with the internal aîr supply means, sleeve means wi-thin the nozz]e means Eorming a piston-receiving means, piston means slidably received within the sleeve means with the piston means having a downstream face portion inside the nozzle means in fluid pressure commun-ica-tion with a source of actuating fluid pressure, and pis-ton rod means extending upstream of the face portion opera-tively connected to valve means in the air inlet means for actuating the valve means relative to the air inlet means, whereby fuel/air ratio is controllable over a wide range oE operating conditions.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWIN~S
Fig. 1 shows a typical external view of an air blast -type fuel nozzle and suppor-t assembly with a variable area air system means in the combustion system of a gas turbine engine.
Fig. 2 shows a detail cross-sectional view of a dual fuel system air blast fuel nozzle assembly with a variable area air system means for controlling air flow to both inner and outer air systems of a typical dual fuel system air blast type fuel nozzle assembly.
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Fig. 3 shows a modif :iCd tion of the nozzle assembly and var:iable area air sys-tem means as shown in Fig. 2 for controlling a:ir flow -to the outer air system of applicants' dual system air blast type Euel nozzle assembly.
Fig. 4 shows a further modifica-tion of -the nozzle assembly and variable area air system means as shown in Fig. 2 for controlling air flow -to -the inner air sys-tem of applicants' dual fuel sys-tem air blast -type fuel nozzle assembly.
Fig. 5 shows a detail cross-sec-tional view of a single fuel system air blast type fuel nozzle assembly with a variable area air system means for controlling air flow to both inner and outer air systems of a typical single fuel system air blast type fuel nozzle assembly.
Fig. 6 shows a further modifica-tion of the nozzle ~8 8 -3- `
assembly and variable area air system means as shown for controlling air flow to the outer air system of applicantls single fuel system air blast type fuel nozzle assembly.
S Fig. 7 shows a modification of the nozzle assembly and variable area air system means as shown in Fig. 5 for controlling air flow to the inner air system of applicant's single fuel system air blast type fuel nozzle assemblyc Fig. 8 shows a detail cross-sectional view of a dual fuel system air blast fuel nozzle assembly with a-variable area air system means for controlling air flow to both inner and outer air systems of a typical fuel system air blast fuel nozzle assembly with the integral pressure responsive actuating means connected to the primary nozzle Euel passage.
DESCRIPTION OF TF[E PREFERRED EM~3ODIMENT
Referring to Fig. 1~ the fuel feeding system for the invention disclosed is most particularly adapted for gas turbine engines as indicated by the fragmentary represen-tation thereon. In such engines, air is compressed by compressor and is discharged through an opening 10.
portion of the air enters a combusti~n chamber 12 for ignition with fuel discharged from nozzles 14O The remainder of ~he air passes on opposite sides of the combustion chamber 12 through passage 16 defined by the outer engine case 18 and an inner engine case 20 not shown. The products of combustion are discharged ,rom the combustion cham~er 12 on to a turbine (not shown) in a known fashion to drive the compressor and to generate a power output such as a propulsive jet forceO
The amount of fuel supplied to the nozzle 14 varies for different engine operating conditions. Pressurized fuel is supplied to the nozzle 14 through the support assembly 22 by means of the primary nozzle fuel inlet fitting 24, and the secondary nozzle fuel inlet fitting 26. A primary nozzle fuel passage 28 provides pressur-ized fuel to the primary fuel system. A secondary nozzle S fuel passage 30 provides pressurized ~uel to the second-ary fuel system. The variable area air system actuating means 32, using either liquid or gas, comprises an inlet fitting 34 and passage 36 to the interior of nozzle 14 in a manner to ~e herein described.
It is apparent as shown in Fig. 1, the nozzle and support is a unitary assembly and mounted to the outer engine casing 18 by bolts 33, with a typical prechamber 40 at the end of nozzle 14 mounted within an opening 42 of the combustion chamber 12. An engine spark igniter 44 is mounted to the outer engine case 18 and extends through the combustion chamber liner wall 19 to provide ignltion in the combustion chamber 12 ~o the combustible mixture emanating from the nozzle 14O
~ eferring to Fig. 2, the passages 28, 30 and 36 through the nozzle suppor~ 22 ar~ shown in broken cross-section view of the nozzle 14.
The nozzle support 22 is fabricatQd to the nozzle adaptor or housing 48 by means of brazing rings 50l and the nozzle adaptor 48 is ~abricated to the prechamber 40 ~y brazing ring 52, in a manner to be described hereinafterO
3~ The nozzle adaptor 48 comprises the main body section of the nozzle 14 in that it includes passases 28l, 30' and 36l which join the passages 28, 30 and 36 in the nozzle suppo~t 22.
The primary nozzle fuel passages 28, 28' extend into a chamber 54, which includes a primary nozzle fuel filter 56. Pr'mary fuel is thus adapted to flow into the primary nozzle means 55 ~hrough the fuel filter 56 into a recess 58, through slots 60 of the primary no~zle swirler 62, through recessed area 6~ and through the primary nozzle swirl holes 66 into the primary nozzle swirl chamber 68. The primary fuel is discharged through the primary nozzle orifice 70 of the primary nozzle swirl chamber in a hollow cone spray out of the primary nozzle orifice 70.
Around the e~it portion of the primary nozzle an air shroud 72 is welded a~ 74 to the primary nozzle body 76~ The primary nozzle body 76 has passages 78 to supply air from the inner air system under the air shroud 72 and wash~s across the nozzle face to prevent carbon ~ormations on the face of the nozzleO
The secondary nozzle fuel passages 30~ 30' extend into an area 90 and is adapted to provide fuel flow through angled secondary swirl slots 92, through area 94, past slots 95 of secondary nozzle swirler 96 and exits through annulus 98.
The outer air system 100 is adapted to exit through outer air swirl vanes or helical slots 101 to prechamber area 41 while the inner air system 102 is adopted to exit through the inner air swirl vanes 103 to prechamber area 4t via chamber 104O The actuating means to control the metering for the outer and inner air syst.ems 100 and 102, respectively comprises, either air, gas~ or liquid~
through the passages 36 and 36' to control metering of the air to the outer and inner air systemsO For examplef air is adopted to enter the bore lOS and is adapted to move the piston 107 against the bia~ of spring 109. That isl the piston 107 is a spring biased pressure responsive valve meansa The piston 107 is slidable in the actuating piston sleeve 111 that is fabricated by means of brazing ring 113 to the rear portion of the housing or nozzle adaptor 48~
A spring retainer 115 holds the concentricity of the spring 8~
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i~ the piston sleeve 111 with a snap ring 117 mounted in recess 119 o~ the sleeve 111 to hold the actuating piston 107 and spring 109 within the sleeve l110 ', T~e piston is biased against the spring and moves against it. The piston face comprises an ef~ective area~
with an operating pressure ~lowing ~hrough the passages 36, 36' operating against the piston 107 which in turn moves two valves which are attached to the piston rod 1210 - lO That ist bo~h outer and inner air systems are controlled by the movement o~ the piston 107~ The outer air system me~ering valve 123 is mounted on to the end 125 of the piston rod 1~1 and held in place by a retaining ring 127 . secured in a recessed Dortion 12g of the piston rod end ; 15 125. The outer air system metering valve 123 and the -~ inner air system metering valve 141 is adapted to move .~ axially or longitudinally as indicated by arrow 131. The .~ opening 133 is adapted to be opened to allow more air to enter the outer air system chamber 1350 That is, the . 20 outer air system 1Q0 i9 adapted to flow through the . openin~ 133 through the chamber 135, which is between the .'.' body o~ the nozzle adaptor 48 and the member 137, and is adapted to ~low past the outer air swirl vanes 101 to exit ': into the prechamber area 41. The member 137 separates the outer air system 100 from the inner air system 102~
.~ Simultaneous with the movement o~ air through ~he outer air systemr the inner air system air metering valve 141 is ~ adapted to move to allow air to enter the inner air system : c~amber 155 via openings 143 in the closed end portion 145 o~ the outer air system air metering valve 123 and through the opening 149 that exists between the inner air system air metering valve 141 and the end of the outer air systern air metering valve sleeve 1510 The inner air system 102 thus is adapted to flow through the openings 143 of the `.: 35 outer alr system air meterin~ valve 123, past the opening 149 through chambers 153 and 155, past the inner air swirl i vanes 103 on the primary nozzle ~ody and through chamber 104 to ex1t into the prechamber area 41 through annulus , 1564 An air scoop 157 is fabricated to the air metering valve 123 by means of brazing ring 1S9 in a manner to be described hereinafter.
S It is thus apparent that in the dual fuel system air blast type nozzle having a variable area air system actu-`atin~ means that the piston is adapted to move both valves; that is, the outer air system air metering valve 123 and the inner air system air metering valve 141 is moved to control the ratio of air in relation to the fuel in the nozzleO
The nozzIe and support is a unitary structure in that all the parts are fitted together and brazing rings are placed within the annular recesses of the various members and the completely assembled unit is then placed in a furnace. The elevated temperature in the furnace melts the brazing rods, such as shown in Fig. 2 namely, 50, 113, 16lt 162, 163~ and 167, to the mating members to form a unitary assembly. A brazing method similar to the method disclosed herein is disclosed in U.S. Patents 3,827,538 issued August 6, 1974 and 3,871,063 issued ~arch 18, lg75 to Robert M~ Halvorsen~
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE MODIFICATIONS
Fig~ 3 shows a modification of the nozzle assemblv showing essentially the same elements as in Fig. 2, with the exception of the inner air system air metering valve~
That is, movement o~ ~he piston 307 longitudinally along the direction of arrow 331 moves the piston rod 325. The outer air metering valve 323 is attached to the end of the piston rod 32S by a retaining ring 3~7 which is secured thereto in annular recess 329. It is thus apparen~ that as the pressure in the variable alr system actuating means increases, the piston moves axially to allow more air to enter the outer air system 300 through the onening 333, while the inner air system 302 has a constan~ flow of air ~a- :
throuyh the open vent means 343 of the closed end portion 345 of air metering valve 323.
Figv 4 shows a further modirication of the noxzle : 5 assembly showing a pressure responsive variable area ~: metering means for con~rolling air ~low to the inner air system of a dual fuel system air blast type fuel nozzle ` assembly. That is, ~he outer air metering valve is removed and only the inner air system air me~ering valve is adapted to be moved longi~udinally along the direction of arrow 4310 As the pressure in the variable area air system actuating means increases~ the piston 407 moves axially, moving the inner air system air metering valve 441, allowing more air to enter the inner air sys~em 402 through.the opening 449. The air metering valve 441 i5 connected to the end portion 425 of pis~on rod 421 by means of a retaining ring 427 sitting in recess 429 of the piston rod. It is apparent tha~ the outer air system 400 is adapted to flow through the chamber 435 of nozzle adaptor 44a without hindrance at a constant flowO
. Fig. 5 shows another modification of the nozzle - assembly showing a pressure responsive variable area air metering means for controlling air flow to both inner and : 25 outer air systems of a typical single fuel system air blast ~vpe uel noz~le assembly. This is evident by the view o Flg. 5 in cross-section showing the deletion of ~he primary noæzle system, and showing lnstead a nozzle '~
514 and support assemb].y S22 with the fuel passages 530 and 530' adapted to supply fuel to chamber 590~ through angled swirl slots 592, through area 594, past slots 595 : of nozzle swirler 596 to exit through annulus 598. Piston 507 is adapted to move longitudinally in the direction of arrow 531 when pressurized through passages 536 and 536' : 35 to move bo~h inner air metering valve S41 and outer air metering valve S23 and allow more air ~o flow through openings 549 and 533 of the inner and outer air systems 500 and 50Z respectivelv~ The inner air system 502 flows - 9 - j :
` through chambers 553, 555, past the inner air swirl vanes 503 through chamber 504 and exits into the prechamber area through annulus 556. The annulus 556 is an opening formed between the core 571 and the orifice of nozzle swirler 5960 Fig. 6 is a ~urther modification of the nozzle assembly showing a pressure responsive variable area air '~ metering means for controlling air flow to the outer air system of a typical sîngle fuel system air blas~ type fuel ~ 10 nozzle assemblyO The single nozzle fuel system shown in .- Fig. 5 is modified to include the outer air system 600 ~hich is adapted to be moved longitudinally along the direction of arrow 631 by piston 607~ The actuating means to control the movement of the metering valve 623 for the outer air system is adapted to flow through passage 636 ~- and 636' into piston chamber 605 ~o move piston 607.
Movement o~ piston 607 will effect movement o~ the outer air metering valve 623 allowing more air to enter through opening 633. The outer air metering valve 623 is connected `~ 20 to the end portion 6~5 of piston rod 621 by a retaining rinq 6274 The inner air flow 602 is adapted to be constantO
.
3' Fig. 7 shows a further modification of the nozzle ~; `
assem~ly showing a pressure responsive variable area air metering means for controlling air flow to the inner air system of a typical single fuel system air blast type fuel nozzle assembly. The single system air blast type ~uel nozzle shown in ~ig~ S is modified to lnclude the inner air system 702 adapted to flow through opening 749 when the inner air metering valve 741 is moved longi.udinally ~ in the direction o~ arrow 73l~ The piston 707 is adapted ; to be moved axially in the piston sl~eve 711 by an increas2 of a pressure medium flowing through passage~ 730 and 730' into piston chamber 705. The inner air metering valve 741 is connected to the end portion 725 of piston rod 721 by a `~ retaining ring 727. It is thus apparent tnat the outer air ~low 700 remains constant while the inner air rlow 702 is variable.
,' ~b~
' ' -10-- , Fig. 8 is a modification ~f the noæzle assembly shown in Fis~ 2, showing a pressure responsive variable area air metering means for controlling outer and inner air flow as a function of the fuel pressure. That is, by increasing S the supply of fuel through the primary nozzle passages 828 and 828' to the chamber 854, the fluid is divided between the piston area chamber 805 and the primary no2æle exit ori~ice 870 o~ the primary nozzle means 855~ Thus, increasing the fuel pressure in chamher 805 is adapted to move the piston 807 in the direction of arrcw 831 and thus simultaneously move the outer air metering valve 823 and the inner air metering valve 841~ Movement of the outer and inner alr metering valves 823 and 841, allows more air to ~low ~hrough openings 833 and 849, in the outer and inner air flow systems 800 and 802, respectivelyO
While the best mode for practicing the invention has been described in detail, and other modes have been descri~ed generally in detail, those familiar with the !.' 20 art will recognize various alternative designs and embodiments ~or practicing the invention as defined by the claims:
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Claims (18)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. An air blast type fuel nozzle assembly with a variable area air system means useful with a gas turbine engine having engine case means; comprising:
a. support means connectable to the engine case means and having fluid pressure conduit means;
b. nozzle means fixedly connected to said support means and having the air supply means internal thereof, said nozzle means including:
1. an orifice adjacent a downstream discharge end thereof to discharge fuel, and 2. a pressure responsive variable area air metering means on an upstream end of the nozzle means including an air inlet means on said upstream end in air flow commun-ication with said internal air supply means and sleeve means fixedly disposed within the nozzle means extending upstream therefrom for forming a piston-receiving means, and a valve means disposed in said air inlet means for controlling air flow entering the nozzle means at said upstream end and flowing through said internal air supply means, said air metering means including piston means slidably received within the sleeve means disposed on the nozzle means with said piston means having a downstream face portion inside the nozzle means for operative connection with a source of actuating fluid pressure through the conduit means of said support means when said assembly is connected to the engine case means and having piston rod means extending upstream of the face portion operatively connected to said valve means for actuating said valve means relative to said air inlet means.
2. An air blast type fuel nozzle assembly, as defined in claim 1 wherein said support means includes a plurality of inlet fittings to provide flow of fluid to said nozzle means, one of which fittings is connected to said conduit means and to a source of fluid pressure.
3. An air blast type fuel nozzle assembly, as defined in claim 1 wherein said nozzle means includes axially extending generally concentric inner air flow means and an outer air flow means and said air metering means in-cludes inner air inlet means and outer air inlet means on said upstream end for the respective air flow means, said valve means including inner and outer valve means in the respective air inlet means on said upstream end.
4. An air blast type fuel nozzle assembly, as defined in claim 3 wherein said air metering means comprises:
a. said sleeve means mounted axially on said up-stream end and defining the inner air inlet means therearound and the piston-receiving means therein slidably receiving said piston means;
b. spring means mounted axially in said piston-receiving means around said piston rod means to maintain bias of said piston; and c. said valve means connected to said piston rod means on said upstream end thereof and disposed in said inner air inlet means.
a. said sleeve means mounted axially on said up-stream end and defining the inner air inlet means therearound and the piston-receiving means therein slidably receiving said piston means;
b. spring means mounted axially in said piston-receiving means around said piston rod means to maintain bias of said piston; and c. said valve means connected to said piston rod means on said upstream end thereof and disposed in said inner air inlet means.
5. An air blast type fuel nozzle assembly, as defined in claim 4 wherein said air metering means comprises:
a. an outer air metering valve sleeve surrounding said sleeve on said upstream end and defining the outer air inlet means therearound; and b. an outer air metering valve in the outer air inlet means provided by said outer air metering valve sleeve and connected to said piston rod;
wherein fuel/air ratios are controlled over a wide range of engine operating conditions.
a. an outer air metering valve sleeve surrounding said sleeve on said upstream end and defining the outer air inlet means therearound; and b. an outer air metering valve in the outer air inlet means provided by said outer air metering valve sleeve and connected to said piston rod;
wherein fuel/air ratios are controlled over a wide range of engine operating conditions.
6. In an air blast type fuel nozzle assembly having fuel supply means including orifice means, and air supply means to swirl air with respect to fuel flow from the orifice means, the improvement of a variable area air system means comprising:
a. nozzle means including a main body having the orifice means adjacent a downstream discharge end and means to provide fuel flow to the orifice means for combustion, with said main body having said air supply means internal thereof; and b. variable area air metering means on the main body upstream of the fuel flow providing means including air inlet means in air flow communication with said internal air supply means to receive air flow for the air supply means and sleeve means fixedly disposed on the main body extending upstream therefrom for forming a piston-receiving means and valve means in said air inlet means to control air flow entering said air inlet means and flowing through the internal air supply means, said air metering means including piston means slidably disposed within the sleeve means disposed on said nozzle means with said piston means having a downstream face portion inside the nozzle means subject to actuating fluid pressure during operation and having piston rod means extending upstream of the face portion operatively connected to the valve means for actuating the valve means relative to said air inlet means, whereby fuel/air ratio is controllable over a wide range of operating conditions.
a. nozzle means including a main body having the orifice means adjacent a downstream discharge end and means to provide fuel flow to the orifice means for combustion, with said main body having said air supply means internal thereof; and b. variable area air metering means on the main body upstream of the fuel flow providing means including air inlet means in air flow communication with said internal air supply means to receive air flow for the air supply means and sleeve means fixedly disposed on the main body extending upstream therefrom for forming a piston-receiving means and valve means in said air inlet means to control air flow entering said air inlet means and flowing through the internal air supply means, said air metering means including piston means slidably disposed within the sleeve means disposed on said nozzle means with said piston means having a downstream face portion inside the nozzle means subject to actuating fluid pressure during operation and having piston rod means extending upstream of the face portion operatively connected to the valve means for actuating the valve means relative to said air inlet means, whereby fuel/air ratio is controllable over a wide range of operating conditions.
7. In the assembly according to claim 6, said nozzle means having a single fuel supply system, said air metering means including first and second valve means and inner and outer air systems to control air flow through the air supply means.
8. In the assembly according to claim 6, said nozzle means having a single fuel supply system, said air metering means including valve means and an outer air system to control air flow through the air supply means.
9. In the assembly according to claim 6, said nozzle means having a single fuel supply system, said air metering means including valve means and an inner air system to control air flow through the air supply means.
10. In the assembly according to claim 6 said nozzle means having a dual fuel supply system, said air metering means including inner and outer valve means and inner and outer air systems to control air flow through the air supply means, said air systems including an inner air inlet means and outer air inlet means upstream of the fuel flow providing means with said inner and outer valve means disposed in a respective one of the inner and outer air inlet means and both said inner and outer valve means being operatively connected to said piston rod means.
11. In the assembly according to claim 6 said nozzle means having a dual fuel supply system, said air metering means including said valve means and an outer air system to control air flow through the air supply means, said air system including an outer air inlet means upstream of the fuel flow providing means around a second sleeve means spaced outwardly around said piston-receiving sleeve means with said valve means disposed in said outer air inlet means.
12. In the assembly according to claim 6 said nozzle means having a dual fuel supply system, said air metering means including said valve means and an inner air system to control air flow through the air supply means, said air system including an inner air inlet means upstream of the fuel flow providing means around said piston-receiving sleeve means with said valve means disposed in said inner air inlet means.
13. In the assembly according to claim 6 said nozzle means including means by which fuel flow is divided between the orifice means, and said air metering means in-cluding actuating means operable to move valve means of the air metering means.
14. In the assembly according to claim 13 said nozzle means having a dual fuel supply system and said valve means including inner and outer air systems to control air flow through the air supply means.
15. An air blast type fuel nozzle assembly having dual fuel delivery system for a gas turbine engine, comprising nozzle means having housing means with primary fuel supply means for supplying fuel to a primary orifice means adjacent a downstream discharge end of the housing means for combustion and secondary fuel supply means for supplying fuel to a secondary orifice means adjacent said downstream end for combustion and with a primary air supply means for supplying air with respect to fuel flow from the primary orifice means and secondary air supply means for supplying air with respect to fuel flow from the secondary orifice means said housing means having said primary and secondary air supply means internal thereof, and further comprising a pressure responsive variable area air metering means on an upstream end of said housing means including a primary air inlet means and a secondary air inlet means on the upstream end in air flow communication with the primary and secondary internal air supply means respectively and sleeve means fixedly disposed within the nozzle means extending upstream therefrom for forming a piston-receiving means, and valve means in said primary and secondary air inlet means on said upstream end to control air flow entering said primary and secondary air supply means and flowing through said primary and secondary internal air supply means respectively, said air metering means including piston means slidably received within said sleeve means with said piston means having a downstream face portion inside the nozzle means for operative connection with a source of actuating fluid pressure and having piston rod means extending upstream of the face portion operatively connected to said valve means for actuating said valve means relative to said primary and secondary air inlet means, whereby fuel/air ratio is controllable over a wide range of operating conditions.
16. An air blast type fuel nozzle assembly having a fuel delivery system for a gas turbine engine, comprising:
nozzle means having housing means with fuel supply means for supplying fuel to downstream orifice means and having air supply means internal thereof for supplying air with respect to fuel flow from the orifice means; and pressure responsive variable area air metering means on an upstream end of the nozzle means, including air inlet means in air flow communi-cation with said internal air supply means, sleeve means within the nozzle means forming a piston-receiving means, piston means slidably received within said sleeve means with said piston means having a downstream face portion inside the nozzle means in fluid pressure communication with a source of actuating fluid pressure, and piston rod means extending up-stream of said face portion operatively connected to valve means in said air inlet means for actuating said valve means relative to said air inlet means, whereby fuel/air ratio is controllable over a wide range of operating conditions.
nozzle means having housing means with fuel supply means for supplying fuel to downstream orifice means and having air supply means internal thereof for supplying air with respect to fuel flow from the orifice means; and pressure responsive variable area air metering means on an upstream end of the nozzle means, including air inlet means in air flow communi-cation with said internal air supply means, sleeve means within the nozzle means forming a piston-receiving means, piston means slidably received within said sleeve means with said piston means having a downstream face portion inside the nozzle means in fluid pressure communication with a source of actuating fluid pressure, and piston rod means extending up-stream of said face portion operatively connected to valve means in said air inlet means for actuating said valve means relative to said air inlet means, whereby fuel/air ratio is controllable over a wide range of operating conditions.
17. In an air blast type fuel nozzle assembly useful within an engine having engine case means, said assembly having fuel supply means including orifice means, and air supply means to swirl air with respect to fuel flow from the orifice means, the improvement comprising:
a. support means connectable to the engine case means and having fluid pressure conduit means, b. nozzle means fixedly connected to said support means and including a nozzle body having the orifice means adjacent a downstream discharge end and means to provide fuel flow to the orifice means for combustion, said nozzle body having said air supply means internal thereof and having a fluid pressure receiving chamber therein in communication with the fluid pressure conduit means to receive fluid there-from, c. variable area air metering means on the nozzle body upstream of the fuel flow providing means having air inlet means to receive air flow and convey same to the internal air supply means and having pressure responsive valve means in said air inlet means to control air flow entering said air inlet means and flowing through the internal air supply means, said air metering means including piston means slidable within a sleeve fixedly disposed within the nozzle means, having a downstream face portion inside said nozzle body in direct fluid pressure communication with the fluid pressure receiving chamber, and having piston rod means extending upstream of the face portion operatively connected to said valve means for actuating said valve means, whereby fuel/air ratio is controllable over a wide range of operating conditions.
a. support means connectable to the engine case means and having fluid pressure conduit means, b. nozzle means fixedly connected to said support means and including a nozzle body having the orifice means adjacent a downstream discharge end and means to provide fuel flow to the orifice means for combustion, said nozzle body having said air supply means internal thereof and having a fluid pressure receiving chamber therein in communication with the fluid pressure conduit means to receive fluid there-from, c. variable area air metering means on the nozzle body upstream of the fuel flow providing means having air inlet means to receive air flow and convey same to the internal air supply means and having pressure responsive valve means in said air inlet means to control air flow entering said air inlet means and flowing through the internal air supply means, said air metering means including piston means slidable within a sleeve fixedly disposed within the nozzle means, having a downstream face portion inside said nozzle body in direct fluid pressure communication with the fluid pressure receiving chamber, and having piston rod means extending upstream of the face portion operatively connected to said valve means for actuating said valve means, whereby fuel/air ratio is controllable over a wide range of operating conditions.
18. In a method of fabricating a -variable area air system means for air blast type fuel nozzle and support assembly, comprising the steps of:
a. mounting a nozzle body in a nozzle adaptor;
b. mounting an air swirler onto said nozzle body;
c. mounting an actuating piston sleeve to said nozzle adaptor;
d. mounting a variable air metering valve in a sleeve;
e. mounting said nozzle body, air swirler, actuating piston sleeve, metering valve and sleeve to a nozzle support, and mounting a plurality of fuel inlet fittings to said nozzle support; and f. placing the nozzle and nozzle support in a furnace whereby brazing rings mounted between said mating parts will form a brazed connection to form a unitary assembly.
a. mounting a nozzle body in a nozzle adaptor;
b. mounting an air swirler onto said nozzle body;
c. mounting an actuating piston sleeve to said nozzle adaptor;
d. mounting a variable air metering valve in a sleeve;
e. mounting said nozzle body, air swirler, actuating piston sleeve, metering valve and sleeve to a nozzle support, and mounting a plurality of fuel inlet fittings to said nozzle support; and f. placing the nozzle and nozzle support in a furnace whereby brazing rings mounted between said mating parts will form a brazed connection to form a unitary assembly.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US21228180A | 1980-12-02 | 1980-12-02 | |
| US212,281 | 1988-06-27 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1188111A true CA1188111A (en) | 1985-06-04 |
Family
ID=22790361
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000388912A Expired CA1188111A (en) | 1980-12-02 | 1981-10-28 | Variable area means for air systems of air blast type fuel nozzle assemblies |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS57120018A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1188111A (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2495285A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2091409B (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3317035A1 (en) * | 1983-05-10 | 1984-11-15 | BBC Aktiengesellschaft Brown, Boveri & Cie., Baden, Aargau | MULTIPLE BURNER |
| DE3737247C1 (en) * | 1987-11-03 | 1989-03-02 | Zettner Michael L | Burner |
| DE4220060C2 (en) * | 1992-06-19 | 1996-10-17 | Mtu Muenchen Gmbh | Device for actuating a swirl device of a burner for gas turbine engines that controls the throughput of combustion air |
| US5505045A (en) * | 1992-11-09 | 1996-04-09 | Fuel Systems Textron, Inc. | Fuel injector assembly with first and second fuel injectors and inner, outer, and intermediate air discharge chambers |
| DE4424597B4 (en) * | 1994-07-13 | 2006-03-23 | Alstom | incinerator |
| DE4424599A1 (en) * | 1994-07-13 | 1996-01-18 | Abb Research Ltd | Method and device for operating a combined burner for liquid and gaseous fuels |
| DE19618856B4 (en) * | 1996-05-10 | 2006-04-13 | Alstom | Device for operating an annular combustion chamber equipped with combined burners for liquid and gaseous fuels |
| EP3018410B1 (en) | 2014-11-10 | 2017-05-17 | Valli Zabban S.p.A. | Plant and method for reducing bitumen fumes |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2655787A (en) * | 1949-11-21 | 1953-10-20 | United Aircraft Corp | Gas turbine combustion chamber with variable area primary air inlet |
| FR1053386A (en) * | 1952-04-03 | 1954-02-02 | Liquid fuel burner and apparatus for its implementation | |
| DE952857C (en) * | 1953-09-30 | 1956-11-22 | Max Adolf Mueller Dipl Ing | Device for heating the secondary circuits of twin-circuit jet engines |
| US3827638A (en) * | 1973-05-23 | 1974-08-06 | Ex Cell O Corp | Fuel spray nozzle |
| FR2265979B1 (en) * | 1974-03-29 | 1977-10-14 | France Etat | |
| GB1601218A (en) * | 1978-03-20 | 1981-10-28 | Rolls Royce | Combustion equipment for gas turbine engines |
| US4216652A (en) * | 1978-06-08 | 1980-08-12 | General Motors Corporation | Integrated, replaceable combustor swirler and fuel injector |
-
1981
- 1981-10-28 CA CA000388912A patent/CA1188111A/en not_active Expired
- 1981-10-29 GB GB8132583A patent/GB2091409B/en not_active Expired
- 1981-12-01 FR FR8122482A patent/FR2495285A1/en active Pending
- 1981-12-01 JP JP19188981A patent/JPS57120018A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2495285A1 (en) | 1982-06-04 |
| GB2091409A (en) | 1982-07-28 |
| JPS57120018A (en) | 1982-07-26 |
| GB2091409B (en) | 1985-03-20 |
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