CA1174329A - Synchronizing signal detecting circuit - Google Patents
Synchronizing signal detecting circuitInfo
- Publication number
- CA1174329A CA1174329A CA000368392A CA368392A CA1174329A CA 1174329 A CA1174329 A CA 1174329A CA 000368392 A CA000368392 A CA 000368392A CA 368392 A CA368392 A CA 368392A CA 1174329 A CA1174329 A CA 1174329A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- synchronizing signal
- circuit
- pulse
- signal
- counter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Landscapes
- Television Signal Processing For Recording (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
Digitally designed vertical synchronizing separator and framing circuit are disclosed in association with a digital servo LSI for a video tape recorder.
These circuits are particularly designed to be noise-free system for a composite synchronizing signal reproduced from the video tape recorder and utilize a reference clock pulse with the synchronizing signal and a counter means with means to feed back the contents of the counter to control the supply of said composite synchronizing signal.
Digitally designed vertical synchronizing separator and framing circuit are disclosed in association with a digital servo LSI for a video tape recorder.
These circuits are particularly designed to be noise-free system for a composite synchronizing signal reproduced from the video tape recorder and utilize a reference clock pulse with the synchronizing signal and a counter means with means to feed back the contents of the counter to control the supply of said composite synchronizing signal.
Description
:l17~329 BACK~ROUND OF THE INV~NTIOI`~
Field of the Invention:
This invention generally relates in general to a pulse detecting circuit, and more particularly to a diyitallv designed vertical synchronizing separator circuit, and associated framing detection circuit.
Description o _ e Prior Art:
Hitherto, four servo systems, including a drum phase servo system, a drum speed servo system, a capstan phase servo system and a capstan speed servo system have been provided in helical scan type VT~ (Video Tape Recorders) using rotary magnetic heads. Generally, an analogue control method is employed for these servo systems. Accordingly, it is difficult to form them as IC (Integrated Circuits). There are some problems due to aging and the temperature characteristics. Therefore, the development of digital control servo circuits is desirable. Some digital servo circuits have already been designed.
In the drum phase servo system and the capstan phase servo system, the vertical synchronizing signal separated from the video signals is used as the reference signal in the recording operation. In the drum phase servo control, the vertical synchronizing signal and the pulse obtained from the pulse generator mounted on the rotary drum are phase com~ared with each other to produce an error voltage. In the capstan phase servo control, the vertical synchronizinq signal and the pulse obtained from the frequency generator mounted on the capstan are phase-compared with each other to produce an error voltage.
In the assemble edit operation, the phase servo control of the rotary drum is performed with reference to the vertical synchronizing signal of the external video signals until the magnetic tape has run to the editing point.
~ 17~329 In the digital servo circuit, various clock pulses and reference signals are generated by the reference oscillator, which are supplied to the respective circuits constituting the servo systems. The reference oscillator is driven with the subcarrier frequency, and in the recording operation, it is reset with the vertical synchronizing signal.
Usually, the integrating type sync separator is used in the conventional vertical synchronizing separating circuit for separating the vertical synchronizing signal from the video signals. Capacitors are included in the integrating type sync separator which make it difficult to form the vertical synchronizing circuit in ICs. Excessive time is required to adjust the time constant circuit including the capacitor. Some vertical synchronizing separating circuits have been digitally designed.
However, the noise in such circuits is excessive in these digital vertical synchronizing separating circuit. Misoperation can occur due to noise. The influence of noise can be somewhat eliminated by the use of a Schmidt circuit which is arranged at the input side of the vertical synchronizing separating circuit. ~lowever, it is difficult to eliminate.the influence of wide band nosie.
In the framing servo system, it should be discriminated whether the separated vertical synchronizing signal belongs to the odd or the even field. For example, in the assemble edit mode, it should be discriminated whether the video fields at the editing point are odd or even. In such a case, a framing signal with a level which is inverted at every field, is used for the discrimination. The framing signal functions to reset the above-described reference oscillator in the digital servo circuit, for example, during the assemble edit operation.
In the conventional framing circuit for obtaining framing signal, for example, the framing pulse genera~ed every ~17432~
frames and the pulse inverted by the vertical synchronizing signal are phase c~mpared with each other. t~hen the number of times which successively do not coincide with each other reaches the predetermined number N, the above-described pulse is inverted. ~onostable multivibrators including capacitor and resistor are used in the framing circuit. Accordingly, it is difficult to form the framing circuit in IC. It takes too much time to adjust the CR elements. Misoperation often occurs due to noise.
SU~RY OF TH~, I~ENTIO~
An object of this invention is to ~rovide a digital signal detecting circuit.
Another object of this invention is to provide a novel signal detecting circuit by which synchronizing timing can be obtained from a composite synchronizing signal.
A further object of this invention is to provide a novel sianal detecting circuit by which vertical synchronizing timing and framing pulse can be obtained from the composite synchronizing signal reproduced by VTR (Video ~ape Recorder).
A noise-free synchronizing-detecting circuit and a framing pulse generator are formed by the signal detecting circuit of this invention.
In accordance with the foregoing objects, there is provided:
A signal detecting circuit for extracting a vertical sync timing out of an incoming composite synchronizing signal comprising:
A) first counter means for counting a reference clock pulse having a fixed frequency higher than horizontal sync frequency, B) logic gate means coupled to a reset means of said counter for cyclically resetting said counter means except a vertical sync duration of said incoming composite ~ynchronizing signal, said logic gate means being supplied with said composite synchronizing signal and contents of said first counter`means, and C) means for generating a vertical sync timing during said vertical sync duration of the composite synchronizing signal out of said first counter means.
Various other objects, advantages and features of the present invention will become readily apparent from the ensuing detailed descri?tion, and the novel features will be particularly pointed out in the appended claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAl~INGS
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a digital servo circuit for VTR according to one embodiment of this invention;
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a motor dri~e circuit -4a-~ 174329 according to the embodiment of this invention;
Fig. 3 is a bottom view of a rotary drum in the embodiment of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of details of important parts in the embodiment of Fig, 1;
Fig. 5 to Fig. 7 are timing charts of signals at the respective parts of the circuit diagram of Fig. g.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
An outline of a digital servo circuit according to one embodiment of this invention will be described with reference to Fig. 1 to Fig. 3. This servo circuit is applicable to all kinds of helical scan type video tape recorders. However, there will be described the case where the servo circuit is applied to a helical scan type video tape recorder of the rotary two-head 180Q wrapping type.
Fig. 1 shows a circuit to obtain various error signals for controlling the rotary phases of the rotary drum and capstan, and their rotational speeds. Fig. 2 shows motor drive circuits which are supplied with the error signals from the circuit of Fig. 1. In the servo circuit of this embodiment, a PG (pulse generator) and an FG (frequency generator) are provided in a rotary drum and a capstan so as to detect the rotary phases of the rotary drum and capstan and the rotational speeds thereof.
In the two-head helical type VTR, the A-head and B-head are mounted on a rotary drum 1, as shown in Fig. 2. Six permanent magnets 2 are mounted on the lol~er surface of the rotary drum 1 at angularly regular intervals (60). One permanent magnet 3 is arranged on drum 3 within the rotary path of the six permanent magnets 2, Two pick-up heads 4 and 5 are arranged angularly distant by 30 to 40~ from each other adjacent to the rotary path of the permanent magnets 2. Another pick-up head 6 ~17~329 is arranged adjacent to the rotary path of the one permanent magnet 3. The above-described PG is constituted by the permanent magnets 2 and 3, and pick-up heads 4 and 5. When the rotary drum 1 rotates, pulse signals SPGA and SPGB are generated from the pick-up heads 4 and 5, respectively. Normally, the frequency of the pulse signals SPGA and SPGB is 180 Hz. The spacing of the pulses SPGA and SPGB represents the rotational speed of the rotary drum 1. A pulse signal PPG is generated from the pick-head 6. Normally, the frequency of the pulse signal PPG is 30 Hz.
The pulse signal PPG represents the rotary phase of the rotary drum 1.
A magnetic wheel g is fixed to the shfat of a capstan 8 which drives the magnetic tape 7. The circumferential surface of the magnetic wheel 9 is magnetized with numerous N-poles and S-poles. Pick-up heads 10 and 11 æe arranged adjacent to the circumferential surface of the magnetic wheel 9. The above-described FG is constituted by the magnetic wheel 9 and pick-up heads 10 and 11. Pulse signals FGA and FGB are generated from the pick-up heads 10 and 11, respectively. Normally, the frequency of the pulse signals FGA and-FGB is, for example, 450 Hz. The spacing of the pulse signals FGA and FGB represents the rotational speed of the capstan 8. A CTL signal recorded on a control track of the magnetic tape 7 is detected by a CTL head 12. The CTL signal is used for the phase servo of the capstan 8 in the reproducing mode.
The circuit of Fig. 1 is divided into a digital part indicated by dotted lines and an analogue part, and it is formed on one LSI chip.
The above-described pulse signals SPGA, SPGB, FGA, FGB and CTL signal from the pick-up heads 4, 5, 10, 11 and 12 are supplied to the circuit o~ Fig. 1. Clock pulses are counted ~ ~7~329 by counters for measuring the spacings of these signals. Output duty ratios of PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) circuits are controlled with the counted value of the counters. The outputs of the PWM
circuits are led out as the error voltage from the LSI chip. A
reference oscillator 15 is arranged for generating the above-described pulses. Clock pulses of various frequencies are generated by the reference oscillator 15, and they are supplied to the above-described counters. In addition to the above-described clock pulses, a reference pulse is generated by the reference oscillator 15. In the recording mode or external synchronization reproduction mode, the reference oscillator 15 is driven in synchronization with a sub-carrier signal SC obtained from a color burst signal of video signals. In the reproducing mode without external synchronization, the reference oscillator 15 self-excited and it oscillates.
In a drum speed servo system of the circuit of Fig. 1, the pulse signal SPGA is supplied through a variable delay circuit 17 to a flip-flop 16 to set the flip-flop. The pulse signal SPGB is supplied to the flip-flop 16 to reset it.
The width of the output pulse of the flip-flop 16 corresponds to the speed of the rotary drum 1. A DS (Drum Speed) counter 18 is actuated by the output pulse of the flip-flop 16. The clock pulses are counted by the DS counter 18. The counted value of the DS counter 18 is supplied to a PWM circuit 19 to control the output duty ratio of the latter. An error voltage DS Pl~ for the drum phase servo is obtained through a buffer amplifier 20 from the PWM circuit 19. A speed adjusting voltage Ecl is supplied to the variable delay circuit 17 to adjust the delay time for the pulse signal SPGA.
In a drum phase servo system of the circuit of ~ig. 1, the pulse signal PPG is supplied through a variable delay ~ ~7d~329 circuit 22 to a fl-ip-flop 21 to setthe latter. A reference signal SPl of 30 Hz from the reference oscillator 15 is supplled to the flip-flop 21 to reset it. Accordingly, the width of the output pulse of the flip-flop 21 represents the rotary phase of the rotary drum 1. A DP (Drum Phase) counter 23 is actuated by the output pulse of the flip-flop 21. The clock pulses are counted by the DP counter 23. The counted value of the DP
counter 23 is supplied to a P~l circuit 24 to control the output duty ratio of circuit 2a. An error voltage DP- pT~ for controlling the drum phase is obtained through a contact a of a switch circuit 25 and a buffer a~plifier 20 from the P~ circuit 2a. A phase adjusting voltage Ec2 is supplied to the variable delay circuit 22 to adjust the phase of the pulse signal PPG. In special reproducing modes such as slow motion mode, still mode and quick search mode, the switching circuit 25 is changed over to engage a contact _. A change-over signal SS is supplied through a Schmidt circuit 26 to the switching circuit 25 to change over circuit 25 to the contact _. In the special reproducing mode, a horizontal synchronizing signal PB-HD of reproduced vidèo signals is supplied through a Sch~idt circuit 26 to an H. AFC PWM circuit 27, and a part of the output of the PWM circuit 24 is supplied thereto, so that the drum speed is controlled and the horizontal synchronizing signal PB-HD is reproduced at regular intervals. Thus, the error voltage DP P1~1 is obtained from the H AFC PWM circuit 27. In Fig. 1, all of the Schmidt circuits 26 are provided so as to eliminate noise.
The pulse signal PPG is used also for forming a switching signal SW for the heads A and B. For that purpose, the pulse signals SPGA and PPG are supplied to a PG sampling circuit 28.
A nearly central position of the spacing of the pulse signal PPG is detected by the PG sampling circuit 28. The detecting ~ 17~32~
output of the PG sampling circuit 28 is supplied through a variable delay circuit 29 which is adjusted by an adjusting voltage EC3, to a switching pulse generator 30, The pulse signal PPG
is further supplied to the switching pulse generator 30. The predetermined switching signal SW is formed by SW generator 30 on the basis of the pulse signal PPG and the detected central position, and it is supplied also to a vertical synchronizing signal generator 49. A vertical blanking pulse signal V~LK for controlling a signal system in the normal mode and a pseudo vertical synchronizing signal VD' for the special mode are obtained from the vertical synchronizing signal generator 49.
In a capstan speed servo system of the circuit of Fig. 1, the pulse signal FGA is supplied through the Schmidt circuit 26 to a flip-flop 31 to set it. The pulse signal FGB is supplied through the Schmidt circuit 26 to the flip-flop 31 to reset it.
Accordingly, the width of the output pulse of the flip-flop 31 corresponds to the speed of the capstan 8. A CS (Capstan Speed) counter 32 is actuated by the output pulse of the flip-flop 31.
The clock pulse is counted by the CS counter 32. The counted output of the CS counter 32 is supplied to a PWM circuit 33 to control the output duty ratio. An error signal CS-PWM for controlling the capstan speed is obtained through the buffer amplifier 20 from the PWM circuit 33. The frequency of the clock pulses supplied to the CS counter 32 is changed over into one of two frequencies by a switching circuit 34 in accordance with the set speed of the capstan ~ which changes the recording/
reproducing time (for example, one-hour recording/reproducing or two-hour recording/reproducing). A speed setting signal SH is supplied through the Schmidt circuit 26 and a speed setting circuit 35 to the switching circuit 34 to change-over the frequency of the clock pulse supplied to the CS counter 32. The ~ ~74329 speed setting circuit 35 includes flip-flops.
In a capstan phase servo system of the circuit of Fig. 1, the pulse signal PGB is supplied through the Schmidt circuit 26 to a fre~uency-dividing counter 36, and the frequency of the pulse signal FGB is divided to about 30 Hz, The divided pulse signal from the counter 36 is supplied through a contact REC.ASS of a switching circuit 37 to a flip-flop 38 to reset it in the recording mode. Further, a signal SP2 of 30 Hz obtained from the reference generator 15 is supplied through a contact REC of the switching circuit 37 to the flip-flop 38 to set it.
The signal SP2 is further supplied as a signal REC-CTL through a buffer amplifier to the control track of the tape where it is recorded thereon. The width of the output pulse of the flip-flop 38 represents the phase of the capstan 3. A CP (Capstan phase) counter 39 is actuated by the output pulse of the flip-flop 38.
The clock pulses are counted by the CP counter 39. The counted value of the counter 39 is supplied to a P~ circuit 40 to control the output duty ratio. An error voltage CP-PWM for controlling the capstan phase is obtained through the buffer amplifier 20 from the P~l circuit 40. In the reproducing mode, the signal SP2 is supplied through a variable delay circuit 41 and a contact PB-ASS of the switching circuit 37 to the flip-flop 38 to set it. A signal PB-CTL reproduced from the tape is supplied through a contact PB of the switching circuit 37 to the flip-flop 38 to reset it. The output pulse of the flip-flop 38 is supplied to the CP counter 39 to actuate it. The counted value of the CP counter 39 is supplied to the PWM circuit 40 to control the output duty ratio. The error voltage CP-P~M for the capstan phase control in the reproducing mode is obtained through the buffer amplifier 20 from the PWM circuit 40.
An adjusting voltage Ec4 is supplied to the variable delay circuit 41 to adjust the servo reference position of the signal SP2 from the reference oscillator 15. I~hen a recording mode setting signal REC or an assemble edit mode settina signal ASS to be described hereinafter is supplied through a gate 42 to the switching circuit 37, it is changed over.
Further, the pulse signals F~,A and FGB are supplied through the Schmidt circuits ~6 to a frequency multiplier 43.
The frequency o~ the pulse signals FGA and FGB is multiplied there by four. The output of the frequency multiplier 43 is supplied to a Pl~ circuit 44 and a capstan speed detecting circuit 45. A s~gnal CS P~ for the special mode is obtained as a capstan speed detecting signal from the P~ circuit 44.
A signal CS is obtained from the capstan speed detecting circuit 45 which represents an amplification of the capstan speed.
In the assemble edit mode, the lower movable contact to a contact PB from a contact REC-ASS from a contact REC-ASS in the switching circuit 37, when an editing point has been located.
The frequency-dividing counter 36 is reset with the signal PB.CTL.
Thus, the CTL signals and video tracks are orderly combined before and after the editing point of the tape, respectively.
When it is required that the output of the reference oscillator 15 be synchronized with even and odd fields of input video signals, the reference oscillator 15 is reset by a frame pulse generated from a frame detecting circuit 47. A
composite synchronizing signal REC.SYNC of the input video signals is supplied through the Schmidt circuit 26 to a vertical synchronizing separating circuit 48. The frame detecting circuit 47 which is actuated by an O~.OFF signal, generates the frame pulse on the basis of a vertical synchronizing signal VD from the vertical synchronizing separator 48.
The above described error voltages are supplied to ~ 17~329 respective circuits of Fig. 2. The signals DS.PWM and DP.PI~I
are supplied to integrating circuits 50 and 51, and converted into DC voltages, respectively. They are added to each other in an adder 52, The output of the adder 52 is supplied through a motor drive amplifier 53 to a drum motor 54 to control its phase and speed. The error signals CS PI~ and CP.PWM are supplied to integrating circuits 55 and 56, and converted into DC voltages, respectively. They are added to each other by an adder 57.
The output of the adder 57 is supplied through a contact a of a switching circuit 58 and through a motor drive amplifier 59 to a capstan motor 60 to control its phase and speed.
In the special mode, the switching circuit 58 is changed over to a contact b with a sianal SS. The error voltage CS.P~ for the special mode is co~pared with a speed ~'esignation signal SCM in a control circuit 61. The compare~
output of the control circuit 61 is supplied throu~h an integrating circuit 62, the switching circuit 58 and the motor drive amplifier 59 to the capstan motor 60 to drive it at the designated speed.
Next, examples of the vertical synchronizing signal separating circuit 48 and frame detecting circuit 47 of the present invention will be described with reference to Fig. 4.
In Fig. 4, the vertical synchronizing separating circuit 48 includes a Schmidt circuit 71, a flip-flop 72, a mod-32 counter 73, a mod-4 counter 74, AND circuits 75, 76, 77, inverters 78, 79, 80 and an OR circuit 81 connected as shown. An input terminal 70 and a clock input terminal 82 are connected to the ~ertical synchronizing separating circuit 48. Signals a to i at the respective points of the vertical synchr~nizing separating circuit 48 are shown in Fig. 5A to Fig. 5J.
A composite synchronizing signal SYNC as shown in ~ 174329 Fig. 5A is supplied to a line a from the input terminal 70.
A vertical synchronizing signal VD as shown in Fig. 5J is obtained as the output of the mod-4 counter 74 from a line 1.
The composite synchronizing signal SYNC includes a horizontal synchronizing signal HD, equalizinq pulses E~ and a vertical synchronizing signal VDo. The vertical synchronizing signal VD
represents a predetermined position within the period of the vertical synchronizing signal VDo. In this example, a window signal for detecting the vertical synchronizing signal VDo and noise is formed on the basis of the time when the composite synchronizing signal SYNC becomes low level "0". It is detected whether or not the composite synchronizing signal SYNC has become higher "1", within the period of the window signal.
Next, operation of the vertical synchronizing separating circuit 48 will be described with reference to Fig.
5A to Fig. 5J.
The composite synchronizing signal SYNC applied to the line a is supplied through the Schmidt circuit 71 to the AND circuit 76 and flip-flop 72. At time t1, the flip-flop 72 is set with the falling edge of the horizontal synchronizing signal HD of the composite synchronizing signal SYNC. The Q
output of the flip-flop 72 becomes "1" (line b), and so the AND circuit 77 is opened for the clock pulses applied to the input terminal 82. The clock pulses are counted by the counter 73. They are supplied from, for example, the reference oscillator 15 of Fig. 1. For example, the frequency of the clock pulses is lMHz.
The output c of the third bit of the counter 73 and the output d of the fourth bit of the counter 73 are applied to the inverters 79 and 80, respectively, and they are inverted thereby. The inverted outputs are supplied to the AND circuit ~ 174329 75. The output f of the AN~ circuit 75 is supplied through the OR circuit 81 to the inverter 80, and it is inverted thereby.
The inverted output g is the window signal, and it is supp~ied to the AND circuit 76.
However, when there is no noise in the composite synchronizing signal SYNC until the following horizontal synchronizing signal H~ or the equalizing pulse ~Q, or when the composite synchronizing signal SYNC is maintained at the high level "1" until the following horizontal synchronizing signal HD or the equalizing pulse EQ, the window signal g is not opened, and is maintained at the low level "0".
When the horizontal synchronizing signal HD of the composite synchronizing signal SYI~C is supplied to the Schmidt circuit 71 at time tl, the counter 73 counts the clock pulses, and generates the output c at the third bit. The outpu of the inverter 79 falls down, and the output f of the AND
circuit 75 falls down, and the output g of the inverter 80 rises up.
The output g of the inverter 80 and the level "1" of the composite synchronizing signal SYNC following the horizontal synchronizing signal HD are supplied to the AN3 circuit 76. The output h of the A~D circuit 76 rises up. The flip-flop 72 is reset with the output _ of the AND circuit 76. The Q output b of the flip-flop 72 becomes "0". Accordingly, the AND circuit 77 is closed for the clock pulses supplied to the input terminal 82. As a result, the sindow signal g is not opened, and it is maintained at the low level "0" till the following horizontal synchronizing signal HD or the equalizing pulse EQ. The flip-flop 72 is set and reset whenever the horizontal synchronizing signal HD or the equalizing pulse EQ is supplied to the input terminal 70.
At time t2~ the ~ertical synchronizing signal VDo arrives, and the composite synchronizing signal SYNC becomes "0", the ~ 17432~
flip-flop 72 is set. The counter 73 starts to count the clock pulses. Since the composite synchronizing signal SY~C is maintained at the low level "O", the AND circuit 76 is not opened, and the counter 73 continues to count the clock pulses.
The outputs of the counter 73 becomes "1" in order at the third bit, fourth bit and fifth bit. As a result, the window signal g is opened as shown in Fig. 5H, with a window period of the level "1".
The equalizing pulse PQ' of the vertical synchronizing signal VDo is not included in the window period of the window signal g.
~he flip-flop 72 is not reset with the equalizing ~ulse EQ' which is a positive pulse. The trailing edges of the window signals g ~re counted by the mod-4 counter 74. When four of them have been counted by the counter 74, the vertical synchronizing signal W is obtained on the line i from the counter 74. Due to the fact tha- the composite synchronizing sisnal SYNC is at the low level "O" during the four window periods of the window signals g, a period including the four window periods is considered to be the period of the vertical synchronizing signal VDo fro~ which the vertical synchronizing signal VD
is taken. After the end of the period of the vertical synchronizing signal VDo, the same operation is repeated as during the time tl to t2-When the negative noise N as shown by the dotted linein Fig. 5A occurs in the composite synchronizing signal SYNC
during time tl or t2, the same operation is effected as for the horizontal synchronizing signal HD or the equalizing pulse EQ. The flip-flop 72 is set and reset in a very short time.
The window signal g is not opened. When negative noise N occurs for a considerable time, the window signal g is opened correspondingly. However, if the considerable time is shorter than the four win~ow periods of the window signals g, it is not ~ ~7~32~
considered to be the period of the vertical synchroni~ing signal VDo.
I~hen positive noise occurs during the period of the vertical synchronizing signal VDo, there is concern that the vertical synchronizing signal VD will not be taken out. To overcol~e this concern, a self-excited type vertical synchronizing signal oscillator may be connected to the mod-4 counter 74.
In the vertical synchronizing separating circuit of this invention, the window signal is formed on the basis of the rising edge or falling edge of the composite synchronizing signal (for example, during the times tl and t2), and it has the predetermined window period during which it is maintained at a predetermined level (for example, level "1"). The level change of the composite synchronizing signal is detected in at least one of the window periods of the window signals. When the level change is not detected, an output (for examDle, vertical synchronizing signal VD) is obtained.
Accordingly, the vertical synchronizing separating circuit of this invention may be constituted by an entirely digital circuit without capacitors, as shown in Fig. 4, and so it can be formed in Integration Circuit technique. Particularly, it is effective against wide noise, and is secure and accurate in operation.
Next, there will be described the example of the frame detecting circuit 47 with reference to Fig. 4.
The framing circuit 47 consists of a framing pulse for~ing circuit 90 and a noise inhibition circuit 91. The framing pulse forming circuit 90 includes a differential circuit 94 constituted by inverters 91, 92 and an exclusive logic sum circuit 93, a flip-flop 95, an AND circuit 96, a counter 97, a decoder 98, a counter 99, an AND circuit 100, ~ 174329 and another differential circuit 104 constituted by inverters 101, 102 and an exclusive logic sum circuit 103 connected as shown. Clock pulses of, for example, lMHz are supplied to the counters 97 and 99 through an input terminal 105, for example, from the reference oscillator 15 of Fig. 1~ The noise inhibition circuit 91 includes a flip-flop 106, AND circuits 107, 108, a counter 109, a decoder 110, an OR circuit lll and an output terminal 112.
Next, there will be described operation of the framing pulse forming circuit 90 with reference to Fig. 6.
It is assumed that the composite synchronizing signal SYNC of the odd field is supplied to the input terminal 70.
As shown in Fig. 6, the composite synchronizing signal SYNC
includes a horizontal synchronizing signal HD, a vertical synchronizing signal VDo and equalizing pulses EQ, EQ'. As above described, the composite synchronizing signal SYNC is supplied to the vertical synchronizing separating circuit 48 to remove the vertical synchronizing signalVD which represents the predetermined position within the period of the vertical synchronizing signal VDo.
Further, the composite synchronizing signal SYNC is supplied to the differential circuit 9~ which differentiates it.
The differential pulse as shown in Fig. 6 is supplied to the AND circuit 96 and the flip-flop 95. The latter is reset with the trailing edge of the differential pulse. I~hen the differential pulse rises, the Ql output of the flip-flop 95 is at high level "l".
The differential pulse passes through the AND circuit 96 to the counter 97 to reset it. Then, the Ql output of the flip-flop 95 becomes low with the trailing edge of the differential pulse.
The counter 97 starts to count the clock pulses with the reset.
The counted value of the counter 97 is decoded by the decoder 98.
~ ~7~329 The decoder 98 ~enerates an out~ut to set the fli~-flop 95 at the time when the counter 97 has counted the number of the clock pulses corresponding to the period of ~H ~H: Horizontal scanning period). The ~1 output of the flip-flop 95 becomes high "1".
As the result, the counter 97 is reset on every rising edge of the horizontal synchronizing signal of the composite synchronizing signal SYNC. Such operation is repeated until time tl. The decoder 98 is designed so as to generate another output at the time when the counter 97 has counted the number of the clock pulses corresponding to the period of 6H . However, the other output corresponding to ~II is not generated until time tl.
The period of the vertical synchronizing signal VDo occurs in the time of lH after the counter 97 is reset with the rising edge of the composite synchronizing signal SYNC at the time tl. Accordingly, the counter 97 is not reset for the time of about 1.5H e~tending from the time tl to the rising edge of the first equalizing signal EQ' in the vertical synchronizing signal VDo. As a result, the decoder 98 generates the other output after the time of 6H from the time tl. Thus output is not obtained in the composite synchronizing signal of the odd field. In the odd field, the horizontal synchronizing signal HD of the composite synchronizing signal SYNC is shifted by the time of 1 H, as sho~n by the dotted line in Fig. 6, from the horizontal synchronizing signal HD of the composite synchronizing signal SYNC of the even field. Accordingly, the reset time of the counter 97 and the time corresponding to the time tl as shown in Fig. 6 are shifted by the time of 1 H, relative to the reset ti~e and time tl of the even field. ~s the result, the counter 97 is reset at the intervals of lH also in the period of the vertical synchronizing signal VDo. However, the output for 6 H is obtained from the dec~der 98 with the last equalizing pulse ~ 17~329 EQ' both in the odd field and in the even field.
The counter 99 is reset with the first output of 5H from the decoder 99, which is a frequency-dividing counter for delay, and its output is maintained at high level "1" until it counts a predetermined number of the cloc]~ pulses from the reset, as shown in Fig, 6. The output of the counter g9 and the vertical synchronizing signal VD from the vertical synchronizing separating circuit 4~ are supplied to the AND
circuit 100. The output of the AND circuit 100 is differentiated by the differential circuit 104 to obtain a framing pulse FP.
~ The framing pulse FP is normally obtained in the even field every frame. ~owever, when noise occurs in the composite synchronizing signal SYMC, or when one or more pulses of the horizontal synchronizing signal HD and equalizing pulses EQ are lost in the composite synchronizing signal SYNC, there is concern that the framing pulse FP will be generated at an erroneous position or in the odd field, or that it will not be generated. In order to avoid these problems, the framing pulse FP from the framing pulse forming circuit 90 is supplied to the noise inhibition circuit 91 to eliminate the influence of the noise. Next, there will be described operation of the noise inhibition circuit 91 with reference to Fig. 7.
The flip-flop 106 is triggered with the trailing edge of the vertical synchronizing signal VD to generate Q2 output as a framing signal. The frequency of the framing signal is half of that of the vertical synchronizing signal VD, and the framing signal has a predetermined phase in the predetermined field. In Fig. 7, right framing pulses FP
obtained in the even field are indicated by o, and erroneous framing pulses FP generated at erroneous positions are indicated by x. Framing pulses FP indicated by ~ represent ones obtained ~ ~7~3~
in the case when video signals of even fields are successively supplied to the VTR, f~r example, at the connection point in the assemble edit operation.
The Q2 output of the flip-flop 106 triggered with the trailing edge of the vertical synchronizing signal VD, and the framing pulse FD are supplied to the AND circuit 107, and the Q2 output of the flip-flop 106, and the frami~g pulse FP
are supplied to the AND circuit 108. The output of the AN~
circuit 108 is supplied through the OR circuit 111 to the flip-flop 106 and the counter 109 to reset them. When the right framing pulses FP are su~plied to the AND circuits 107 and 108, the Q2 output of the flip-flop 106 is at low level "~", as shown in Fig. 7. ~ccordingly, so long as the right framing puises FP indicated by o are supplied to the AND circuits 107 and 108, the flip-flop 106 generates the framing signal of half the frequency of the vertical synchronizing signal VD
regardless of the reset signals. The framing signal is taken out through a switching circuit 83 from an output terminal. When the framing pulse FP indicated by x is su2plied to the AND circuits 107 and 108, the output of the AND circult 107 is supplied to the clock terminal of the counter 109 and counted thereby. However, the following framing pulse FP indicated by o and the Q2 output of the flip-flop 106 are supplied to the AN~ circuit 108, and the counter 109 is reset with the output of the AN~ circuit 108.
The frequency of the Q2 output of the flip-flop 106 is maintained to be half of the frequenc~ of the vertical synchronizing signal VD. When two of the erroneous framing pulses indicated by x are successively supplied to the AND circuits 107 and 108, the counter 109 counts "2", and then it is reset. The Q2 output of the flip-flop 106 is n~t disturbed by the erroneous framing pulses FP. When the framing pulses FP indicated by ~ are successively ~ 174329 supplied to the AND circuit 107 and 108, the counter 109 counts "3", and then it is reset with the output of the decoder 110.
Concurrently, the flip-flop 106 is reset to invert the Q2 output and Q2 output. It is considered that the framing pulses FP indicated by ~ are not erroneous, and that the phase of the frame is inverted. Correspondingly, the framing signal of half the frequency of the vertical synchronizing signal VD
is obtained from the output terminal 112.
In the above-described framing detecting circuit, the level of the composite synchronizing signal SYNC is detected at the time of about 1 H to about 1~ (for example, ~H~ from the leading edge or trailing edge of the composite synchronizing signal, and the framing pulse is obtained at the time when the above-described level is inverted.
Further, the output of the flip-flop triggered with the vertical synchronizing signal and the framing pulse are compared in phase with each other. The flip-flop is reset at the time when, the number of times which the output of the flip-flop and the framing pulse are not coincident in phase with each other, has reached the predetermined number N.
Accordingly, the framing detecting circuit of this invention can be constituted by a pure digital circuit without capacitors. ~he above-described predetermined number N can be determined such as "3" by the counter and the accuracy can be improved.
I~hen the framing detection is not required, the output of the vertical synchronizing separating circuit 48 is taken from the switching circuit 83 which is changed over by a control signal supplied to an input terminal 113, from the output terminal 112.
While this invention is illustrated with specific embodiment, it will be recognized by those skilled in the art ~ 17~13~
that modifications may be made therein without departing from the true scope of the invention as defined bv the following claims.
Field of the Invention:
This invention generally relates in general to a pulse detecting circuit, and more particularly to a diyitallv designed vertical synchronizing separator circuit, and associated framing detection circuit.
Description o _ e Prior Art:
Hitherto, four servo systems, including a drum phase servo system, a drum speed servo system, a capstan phase servo system and a capstan speed servo system have been provided in helical scan type VT~ (Video Tape Recorders) using rotary magnetic heads. Generally, an analogue control method is employed for these servo systems. Accordingly, it is difficult to form them as IC (Integrated Circuits). There are some problems due to aging and the temperature characteristics. Therefore, the development of digital control servo circuits is desirable. Some digital servo circuits have already been designed.
In the drum phase servo system and the capstan phase servo system, the vertical synchronizing signal separated from the video signals is used as the reference signal in the recording operation. In the drum phase servo control, the vertical synchronizing signal and the pulse obtained from the pulse generator mounted on the rotary drum are phase com~ared with each other to produce an error voltage. In the capstan phase servo control, the vertical synchronizinq signal and the pulse obtained from the frequency generator mounted on the capstan are phase-compared with each other to produce an error voltage.
In the assemble edit operation, the phase servo control of the rotary drum is performed with reference to the vertical synchronizing signal of the external video signals until the magnetic tape has run to the editing point.
~ 17~329 In the digital servo circuit, various clock pulses and reference signals are generated by the reference oscillator, which are supplied to the respective circuits constituting the servo systems. The reference oscillator is driven with the subcarrier frequency, and in the recording operation, it is reset with the vertical synchronizing signal.
Usually, the integrating type sync separator is used in the conventional vertical synchronizing separating circuit for separating the vertical synchronizing signal from the video signals. Capacitors are included in the integrating type sync separator which make it difficult to form the vertical synchronizing circuit in ICs. Excessive time is required to adjust the time constant circuit including the capacitor. Some vertical synchronizing separating circuits have been digitally designed.
However, the noise in such circuits is excessive in these digital vertical synchronizing separating circuit. Misoperation can occur due to noise. The influence of noise can be somewhat eliminated by the use of a Schmidt circuit which is arranged at the input side of the vertical synchronizing separating circuit. ~lowever, it is difficult to eliminate.the influence of wide band nosie.
In the framing servo system, it should be discriminated whether the separated vertical synchronizing signal belongs to the odd or the even field. For example, in the assemble edit mode, it should be discriminated whether the video fields at the editing point are odd or even. In such a case, a framing signal with a level which is inverted at every field, is used for the discrimination. The framing signal functions to reset the above-described reference oscillator in the digital servo circuit, for example, during the assemble edit operation.
In the conventional framing circuit for obtaining framing signal, for example, the framing pulse genera~ed every ~17432~
frames and the pulse inverted by the vertical synchronizing signal are phase c~mpared with each other. t~hen the number of times which successively do not coincide with each other reaches the predetermined number N, the above-described pulse is inverted. ~onostable multivibrators including capacitor and resistor are used in the framing circuit. Accordingly, it is difficult to form the framing circuit in IC. It takes too much time to adjust the CR elements. Misoperation often occurs due to noise.
SU~RY OF TH~, I~ENTIO~
An object of this invention is to ~rovide a digital signal detecting circuit.
Another object of this invention is to provide a novel signal detecting circuit by which synchronizing timing can be obtained from a composite synchronizing signal.
A further object of this invention is to provide a novel sianal detecting circuit by which vertical synchronizing timing and framing pulse can be obtained from the composite synchronizing signal reproduced by VTR (Video ~ape Recorder).
A noise-free synchronizing-detecting circuit and a framing pulse generator are formed by the signal detecting circuit of this invention.
In accordance with the foregoing objects, there is provided:
A signal detecting circuit for extracting a vertical sync timing out of an incoming composite synchronizing signal comprising:
A) first counter means for counting a reference clock pulse having a fixed frequency higher than horizontal sync frequency, B) logic gate means coupled to a reset means of said counter for cyclically resetting said counter means except a vertical sync duration of said incoming composite ~ynchronizing signal, said logic gate means being supplied with said composite synchronizing signal and contents of said first counter`means, and C) means for generating a vertical sync timing during said vertical sync duration of the composite synchronizing signal out of said first counter means.
Various other objects, advantages and features of the present invention will become readily apparent from the ensuing detailed descri?tion, and the novel features will be particularly pointed out in the appended claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAl~INGS
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a digital servo circuit for VTR according to one embodiment of this invention;
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a motor dri~e circuit -4a-~ 174329 according to the embodiment of this invention;
Fig. 3 is a bottom view of a rotary drum in the embodiment of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of details of important parts in the embodiment of Fig, 1;
Fig. 5 to Fig. 7 are timing charts of signals at the respective parts of the circuit diagram of Fig. g.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
An outline of a digital servo circuit according to one embodiment of this invention will be described with reference to Fig. 1 to Fig. 3. This servo circuit is applicable to all kinds of helical scan type video tape recorders. However, there will be described the case where the servo circuit is applied to a helical scan type video tape recorder of the rotary two-head 180Q wrapping type.
Fig. 1 shows a circuit to obtain various error signals for controlling the rotary phases of the rotary drum and capstan, and their rotational speeds. Fig. 2 shows motor drive circuits which are supplied with the error signals from the circuit of Fig. 1. In the servo circuit of this embodiment, a PG (pulse generator) and an FG (frequency generator) are provided in a rotary drum and a capstan so as to detect the rotary phases of the rotary drum and capstan and the rotational speeds thereof.
In the two-head helical type VTR, the A-head and B-head are mounted on a rotary drum 1, as shown in Fig. 2. Six permanent magnets 2 are mounted on the lol~er surface of the rotary drum 1 at angularly regular intervals (60). One permanent magnet 3 is arranged on drum 3 within the rotary path of the six permanent magnets 2, Two pick-up heads 4 and 5 are arranged angularly distant by 30 to 40~ from each other adjacent to the rotary path of the permanent magnets 2. Another pick-up head 6 ~17~329 is arranged adjacent to the rotary path of the one permanent magnet 3. The above-described PG is constituted by the permanent magnets 2 and 3, and pick-up heads 4 and 5. When the rotary drum 1 rotates, pulse signals SPGA and SPGB are generated from the pick-up heads 4 and 5, respectively. Normally, the frequency of the pulse signals SPGA and SPGB is 180 Hz. The spacing of the pulses SPGA and SPGB represents the rotational speed of the rotary drum 1. A pulse signal PPG is generated from the pick-head 6. Normally, the frequency of the pulse signal PPG is 30 Hz.
The pulse signal PPG represents the rotary phase of the rotary drum 1.
A magnetic wheel g is fixed to the shfat of a capstan 8 which drives the magnetic tape 7. The circumferential surface of the magnetic wheel 9 is magnetized with numerous N-poles and S-poles. Pick-up heads 10 and 11 æe arranged adjacent to the circumferential surface of the magnetic wheel 9. The above-described FG is constituted by the magnetic wheel 9 and pick-up heads 10 and 11. Pulse signals FGA and FGB are generated from the pick-up heads 10 and 11, respectively. Normally, the frequency of the pulse signals FGA and-FGB is, for example, 450 Hz. The spacing of the pulse signals FGA and FGB represents the rotational speed of the capstan 8. A CTL signal recorded on a control track of the magnetic tape 7 is detected by a CTL head 12. The CTL signal is used for the phase servo of the capstan 8 in the reproducing mode.
The circuit of Fig. 1 is divided into a digital part indicated by dotted lines and an analogue part, and it is formed on one LSI chip.
The above-described pulse signals SPGA, SPGB, FGA, FGB and CTL signal from the pick-up heads 4, 5, 10, 11 and 12 are supplied to the circuit o~ Fig. 1. Clock pulses are counted ~ ~7~329 by counters for measuring the spacings of these signals. Output duty ratios of PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) circuits are controlled with the counted value of the counters. The outputs of the PWM
circuits are led out as the error voltage from the LSI chip. A
reference oscillator 15 is arranged for generating the above-described pulses. Clock pulses of various frequencies are generated by the reference oscillator 15, and they are supplied to the above-described counters. In addition to the above-described clock pulses, a reference pulse is generated by the reference oscillator 15. In the recording mode or external synchronization reproduction mode, the reference oscillator 15 is driven in synchronization with a sub-carrier signal SC obtained from a color burst signal of video signals. In the reproducing mode without external synchronization, the reference oscillator 15 self-excited and it oscillates.
In a drum speed servo system of the circuit of Fig. 1, the pulse signal SPGA is supplied through a variable delay circuit 17 to a flip-flop 16 to set the flip-flop. The pulse signal SPGB is supplied to the flip-flop 16 to reset it.
The width of the output pulse of the flip-flop 16 corresponds to the speed of the rotary drum 1. A DS (Drum Speed) counter 18 is actuated by the output pulse of the flip-flop 16. The clock pulses are counted by the DS counter 18. The counted value of the DS counter 18 is supplied to a PWM circuit 19 to control the output duty ratio of the latter. An error voltage DS Pl~ for the drum phase servo is obtained through a buffer amplifier 20 from the PWM circuit 19. A speed adjusting voltage Ecl is supplied to the variable delay circuit 17 to adjust the delay time for the pulse signal SPGA.
In a drum phase servo system of the circuit of ~ig. 1, the pulse signal PPG is supplied through a variable delay ~ ~7d~329 circuit 22 to a fl-ip-flop 21 to setthe latter. A reference signal SPl of 30 Hz from the reference oscillator 15 is supplled to the flip-flop 21 to reset it. Accordingly, the width of the output pulse of the flip-flop 21 represents the rotary phase of the rotary drum 1. A DP (Drum Phase) counter 23 is actuated by the output pulse of the flip-flop 21. The clock pulses are counted by the DP counter 23. The counted value of the DP
counter 23 is supplied to a P~l circuit 24 to control the output duty ratio of circuit 2a. An error voltage DP- pT~ for controlling the drum phase is obtained through a contact a of a switch circuit 25 and a buffer a~plifier 20 from the P~ circuit 2a. A phase adjusting voltage Ec2 is supplied to the variable delay circuit 22 to adjust the phase of the pulse signal PPG. In special reproducing modes such as slow motion mode, still mode and quick search mode, the switching circuit 25 is changed over to engage a contact _. A change-over signal SS is supplied through a Schmidt circuit 26 to the switching circuit 25 to change over circuit 25 to the contact _. In the special reproducing mode, a horizontal synchronizing signal PB-HD of reproduced vidèo signals is supplied through a Sch~idt circuit 26 to an H. AFC PWM circuit 27, and a part of the output of the PWM circuit 24 is supplied thereto, so that the drum speed is controlled and the horizontal synchronizing signal PB-HD is reproduced at regular intervals. Thus, the error voltage DP P1~1 is obtained from the H AFC PWM circuit 27. In Fig. 1, all of the Schmidt circuits 26 are provided so as to eliminate noise.
The pulse signal PPG is used also for forming a switching signal SW for the heads A and B. For that purpose, the pulse signals SPGA and PPG are supplied to a PG sampling circuit 28.
A nearly central position of the spacing of the pulse signal PPG is detected by the PG sampling circuit 28. The detecting ~ 17~32~
output of the PG sampling circuit 28 is supplied through a variable delay circuit 29 which is adjusted by an adjusting voltage EC3, to a switching pulse generator 30, The pulse signal PPG
is further supplied to the switching pulse generator 30. The predetermined switching signal SW is formed by SW generator 30 on the basis of the pulse signal PPG and the detected central position, and it is supplied also to a vertical synchronizing signal generator 49. A vertical blanking pulse signal V~LK for controlling a signal system in the normal mode and a pseudo vertical synchronizing signal VD' for the special mode are obtained from the vertical synchronizing signal generator 49.
In a capstan speed servo system of the circuit of Fig. 1, the pulse signal FGA is supplied through the Schmidt circuit 26 to a flip-flop 31 to set it. The pulse signal FGB is supplied through the Schmidt circuit 26 to the flip-flop 31 to reset it.
Accordingly, the width of the output pulse of the flip-flop 31 corresponds to the speed of the capstan 8. A CS (Capstan Speed) counter 32 is actuated by the output pulse of the flip-flop 31.
The clock pulse is counted by the CS counter 32. The counted output of the CS counter 32 is supplied to a PWM circuit 33 to control the output duty ratio. An error signal CS-PWM for controlling the capstan speed is obtained through the buffer amplifier 20 from the PWM circuit 33. The frequency of the clock pulses supplied to the CS counter 32 is changed over into one of two frequencies by a switching circuit 34 in accordance with the set speed of the capstan ~ which changes the recording/
reproducing time (for example, one-hour recording/reproducing or two-hour recording/reproducing). A speed setting signal SH is supplied through the Schmidt circuit 26 and a speed setting circuit 35 to the switching circuit 34 to change-over the frequency of the clock pulse supplied to the CS counter 32. The ~ ~74329 speed setting circuit 35 includes flip-flops.
In a capstan phase servo system of the circuit of Fig. 1, the pulse signal PGB is supplied through the Schmidt circuit 26 to a fre~uency-dividing counter 36, and the frequency of the pulse signal FGB is divided to about 30 Hz, The divided pulse signal from the counter 36 is supplied through a contact REC.ASS of a switching circuit 37 to a flip-flop 38 to reset it in the recording mode. Further, a signal SP2 of 30 Hz obtained from the reference generator 15 is supplied through a contact REC of the switching circuit 37 to the flip-flop 38 to set it.
The signal SP2 is further supplied as a signal REC-CTL through a buffer amplifier to the control track of the tape where it is recorded thereon. The width of the output pulse of the flip-flop 38 represents the phase of the capstan 3. A CP (Capstan phase) counter 39 is actuated by the output pulse of the flip-flop 38.
The clock pulses are counted by the CP counter 39. The counted value of the counter 39 is supplied to a P~ circuit 40 to control the output duty ratio. An error voltage CP-PWM for controlling the capstan phase is obtained through the buffer amplifier 20 from the P~l circuit 40. In the reproducing mode, the signal SP2 is supplied through a variable delay circuit 41 and a contact PB-ASS of the switching circuit 37 to the flip-flop 38 to set it. A signal PB-CTL reproduced from the tape is supplied through a contact PB of the switching circuit 37 to the flip-flop 38 to reset it. The output pulse of the flip-flop 38 is supplied to the CP counter 39 to actuate it. The counted value of the CP counter 39 is supplied to the PWM circuit 40 to control the output duty ratio. The error voltage CP-P~M for the capstan phase control in the reproducing mode is obtained through the buffer amplifier 20 from the PWM circuit 40.
An adjusting voltage Ec4 is supplied to the variable delay circuit 41 to adjust the servo reference position of the signal SP2 from the reference oscillator 15. I~hen a recording mode setting signal REC or an assemble edit mode settina signal ASS to be described hereinafter is supplied through a gate 42 to the switching circuit 37, it is changed over.
Further, the pulse signals F~,A and FGB are supplied through the Schmidt circuits ~6 to a frequency multiplier 43.
The frequency o~ the pulse signals FGA and FGB is multiplied there by four. The output of the frequency multiplier 43 is supplied to a Pl~ circuit 44 and a capstan speed detecting circuit 45. A s~gnal CS P~ for the special mode is obtained as a capstan speed detecting signal from the P~ circuit 44.
A signal CS is obtained from the capstan speed detecting circuit 45 which represents an amplification of the capstan speed.
In the assemble edit mode, the lower movable contact to a contact PB from a contact REC-ASS from a contact REC-ASS in the switching circuit 37, when an editing point has been located.
The frequency-dividing counter 36 is reset with the signal PB.CTL.
Thus, the CTL signals and video tracks are orderly combined before and after the editing point of the tape, respectively.
When it is required that the output of the reference oscillator 15 be synchronized with even and odd fields of input video signals, the reference oscillator 15 is reset by a frame pulse generated from a frame detecting circuit 47. A
composite synchronizing signal REC.SYNC of the input video signals is supplied through the Schmidt circuit 26 to a vertical synchronizing separating circuit 48. The frame detecting circuit 47 which is actuated by an O~.OFF signal, generates the frame pulse on the basis of a vertical synchronizing signal VD from the vertical synchronizing separator 48.
The above described error voltages are supplied to ~ 17~329 respective circuits of Fig. 2. The signals DS.PWM and DP.PI~I
are supplied to integrating circuits 50 and 51, and converted into DC voltages, respectively. They are added to each other in an adder 52, The output of the adder 52 is supplied through a motor drive amplifier 53 to a drum motor 54 to control its phase and speed. The error signals CS PI~ and CP.PWM are supplied to integrating circuits 55 and 56, and converted into DC voltages, respectively. They are added to each other by an adder 57.
The output of the adder 57 is supplied through a contact a of a switching circuit 58 and through a motor drive amplifier 59 to a capstan motor 60 to control its phase and speed.
In the special mode, the switching circuit 58 is changed over to a contact b with a sianal SS. The error voltage CS.P~ for the special mode is co~pared with a speed ~'esignation signal SCM in a control circuit 61. The compare~
output of the control circuit 61 is supplied throu~h an integrating circuit 62, the switching circuit 58 and the motor drive amplifier 59 to the capstan motor 60 to drive it at the designated speed.
Next, examples of the vertical synchronizing signal separating circuit 48 and frame detecting circuit 47 of the present invention will be described with reference to Fig. 4.
In Fig. 4, the vertical synchronizing separating circuit 48 includes a Schmidt circuit 71, a flip-flop 72, a mod-32 counter 73, a mod-4 counter 74, AND circuits 75, 76, 77, inverters 78, 79, 80 and an OR circuit 81 connected as shown. An input terminal 70 and a clock input terminal 82 are connected to the ~ertical synchronizing separating circuit 48. Signals a to i at the respective points of the vertical synchr~nizing separating circuit 48 are shown in Fig. 5A to Fig. 5J.
A composite synchronizing signal SYNC as shown in ~ 174329 Fig. 5A is supplied to a line a from the input terminal 70.
A vertical synchronizing signal VD as shown in Fig. 5J is obtained as the output of the mod-4 counter 74 from a line 1.
The composite synchronizing signal SYNC includes a horizontal synchronizing signal HD, equalizinq pulses E~ and a vertical synchronizing signal VDo. The vertical synchronizing signal VD
represents a predetermined position within the period of the vertical synchronizing signal VDo. In this example, a window signal for detecting the vertical synchronizing signal VDo and noise is formed on the basis of the time when the composite synchronizing signal SYNC becomes low level "0". It is detected whether or not the composite synchronizing signal SYNC has become higher "1", within the period of the window signal.
Next, operation of the vertical synchronizing separating circuit 48 will be described with reference to Fig.
5A to Fig. 5J.
The composite synchronizing signal SYNC applied to the line a is supplied through the Schmidt circuit 71 to the AND circuit 76 and flip-flop 72. At time t1, the flip-flop 72 is set with the falling edge of the horizontal synchronizing signal HD of the composite synchronizing signal SYNC. The Q
output of the flip-flop 72 becomes "1" (line b), and so the AND circuit 77 is opened for the clock pulses applied to the input terminal 82. The clock pulses are counted by the counter 73. They are supplied from, for example, the reference oscillator 15 of Fig. 1. For example, the frequency of the clock pulses is lMHz.
The output c of the third bit of the counter 73 and the output d of the fourth bit of the counter 73 are applied to the inverters 79 and 80, respectively, and they are inverted thereby. The inverted outputs are supplied to the AND circuit ~ 174329 75. The output f of the AN~ circuit 75 is supplied through the OR circuit 81 to the inverter 80, and it is inverted thereby.
The inverted output g is the window signal, and it is supp~ied to the AND circuit 76.
However, when there is no noise in the composite synchronizing signal SYNC until the following horizontal synchronizing signal H~ or the equalizing pulse ~Q, or when the composite synchronizing signal SYNC is maintained at the high level "1" until the following horizontal synchronizing signal HD or the equalizing pulse EQ, the window signal g is not opened, and is maintained at the low level "0".
When the horizontal synchronizing signal HD of the composite synchronizing signal SYI~C is supplied to the Schmidt circuit 71 at time tl, the counter 73 counts the clock pulses, and generates the output c at the third bit. The outpu of the inverter 79 falls down, and the output f of the AND
circuit 75 falls down, and the output g of the inverter 80 rises up.
The output g of the inverter 80 and the level "1" of the composite synchronizing signal SYNC following the horizontal synchronizing signal HD are supplied to the AN3 circuit 76. The output h of the A~D circuit 76 rises up. The flip-flop 72 is reset with the output _ of the AND circuit 76. The Q output b of the flip-flop 72 becomes "0". Accordingly, the AND circuit 77 is closed for the clock pulses supplied to the input terminal 82. As a result, the sindow signal g is not opened, and it is maintained at the low level "0" till the following horizontal synchronizing signal HD or the equalizing pulse EQ. The flip-flop 72 is set and reset whenever the horizontal synchronizing signal HD or the equalizing pulse EQ is supplied to the input terminal 70.
At time t2~ the ~ertical synchronizing signal VDo arrives, and the composite synchronizing signal SYNC becomes "0", the ~ 17432~
flip-flop 72 is set. The counter 73 starts to count the clock pulses. Since the composite synchronizing signal SY~C is maintained at the low level "O", the AND circuit 76 is not opened, and the counter 73 continues to count the clock pulses.
The outputs of the counter 73 becomes "1" in order at the third bit, fourth bit and fifth bit. As a result, the window signal g is opened as shown in Fig. 5H, with a window period of the level "1".
The equalizing pulse PQ' of the vertical synchronizing signal VDo is not included in the window period of the window signal g.
~he flip-flop 72 is not reset with the equalizing ~ulse EQ' which is a positive pulse. The trailing edges of the window signals g ~re counted by the mod-4 counter 74. When four of them have been counted by the counter 74, the vertical synchronizing signal W is obtained on the line i from the counter 74. Due to the fact tha- the composite synchronizing sisnal SYNC is at the low level "O" during the four window periods of the window signals g, a period including the four window periods is considered to be the period of the vertical synchronizing signal VDo fro~ which the vertical synchronizing signal VD
is taken. After the end of the period of the vertical synchronizing signal VDo, the same operation is repeated as during the time tl to t2-When the negative noise N as shown by the dotted linein Fig. 5A occurs in the composite synchronizing signal SYNC
during time tl or t2, the same operation is effected as for the horizontal synchronizing signal HD or the equalizing pulse EQ. The flip-flop 72 is set and reset in a very short time.
The window signal g is not opened. When negative noise N occurs for a considerable time, the window signal g is opened correspondingly. However, if the considerable time is shorter than the four win~ow periods of the window signals g, it is not ~ ~7~32~
considered to be the period of the vertical synchroni~ing signal VDo.
I~hen positive noise occurs during the period of the vertical synchronizing signal VDo, there is concern that the vertical synchronizing signal VD will not be taken out. To overcol~e this concern, a self-excited type vertical synchronizing signal oscillator may be connected to the mod-4 counter 74.
In the vertical synchronizing separating circuit of this invention, the window signal is formed on the basis of the rising edge or falling edge of the composite synchronizing signal (for example, during the times tl and t2), and it has the predetermined window period during which it is maintained at a predetermined level (for example, level "1"). The level change of the composite synchronizing signal is detected in at least one of the window periods of the window signals. When the level change is not detected, an output (for examDle, vertical synchronizing signal VD) is obtained.
Accordingly, the vertical synchronizing separating circuit of this invention may be constituted by an entirely digital circuit without capacitors, as shown in Fig. 4, and so it can be formed in Integration Circuit technique. Particularly, it is effective against wide noise, and is secure and accurate in operation.
Next, there will be described the example of the frame detecting circuit 47 with reference to Fig. 4.
The framing circuit 47 consists of a framing pulse for~ing circuit 90 and a noise inhibition circuit 91. The framing pulse forming circuit 90 includes a differential circuit 94 constituted by inverters 91, 92 and an exclusive logic sum circuit 93, a flip-flop 95, an AND circuit 96, a counter 97, a decoder 98, a counter 99, an AND circuit 100, ~ 174329 and another differential circuit 104 constituted by inverters 101, 102 and an exclusive logic sum circuit 103 connected as shown. Clock pulses of, for example, lMHz are supplied to the counters 97 and 99 through an input terminal 105, for example, from the reference oscillator 15 of Fig. 1~ The noise inhibition circuit 91 includes a flip-flop 106, AND circuits 107, 108, a counter 109, a decoder 110, an OR circuit lll and an output terminal 112.
Next, there will be described operation of the framing pulse forming circuit 90 with reference to Fig. 6.
It is assumed that the composite synchronizing signal SYNC of the odd field is supplied to the input terminal 70.
As shown in Fig. 6, the composite synchronizing signal SYNC
includes a horizontal synchronizing signal HD, a vertical synchronizing signal VDo and equalizing pulses EQ, EQ'. As above described, the composite synchronizing signal SYNC is supplied to the vertical synchronizing separating circuit 48 to remove the vertical synchronizing signalVD which represents the predetermined position within the period of the vertical synchronizing signal VDo.
Further, the composite synchronizing signal SYNC is supplied to the differential circuit 9~ which differentiates it.
The differential pulse as shown in Fig. 6 is supplied to the AND circuit 96 and the flip-flop 95. The latter is reset with the trailing edge of the differential pulse. I~hen the differential pulse rises, the Ql output of the flip-flop 95 is at high level "l".
The differential pulse passes through the AND circuit 96 to the counter 97 to reset it. Then, the Ql output of the flip-flop 95 becomes low with the trailing edge of the differential pulse.
The counter 97 starts to count the clock pulses with the reset.
The counted value of the counter 97 is decoded by the decoder 98.
~ ~7~329 The decoder 98 ~enerates an out~ut to set the fli~-flop 95 at the time when the counter 97 has counted the number of the clock pulses corresponding to the period of ~H ~H: Horizontal scanning period). The ~1 output of the flip-flop 95 becomes high "1".
As the result, the counter 97 is reset on every rising edge of the horizontal synchronizing signal of the composite synchronizing signal SYNC. Such operation is repeated until time tl. The decoder 98 is designed so as to generate another output at the time when the counter 97 has counted the number of the clock pulses corresponding to the period of 6H . However, the other output corresponding to ~II is not generated until time tl.
The period of the vertical synchronizing signal VDo occurs in the time of lH after the counter 97 is reset with the rising edge of the composite synchronizing signal SYNC at the time tl. Accordingly, the counter 97 is not reset for the time of about 1.5H e~tending from the time tl to the rising edge of the first equalizing signal EQ' in the vertical synchronizing signal VDo. As a result, the decoder 98 generates the other output after the time of 6H from the time tl. Thus output is not obtained in the composite synchronizing signal of the odd field. In the odd field, the horizontal synchronizing signal HD of the composite synchronizing signal SYNC is shifted by the time of 1 H, as sho~n by the dotted line in Fig. 6, from the horizontal synchronizing signal HD of the composite synchronizing signal SYNC of the even field. Accordingly, the reset time of the counter 97 and the time corresponding to the time tl as shown in Fig. 6 are shifted by the time of 1 H, relative to the reset ti~e and time tl of the even field. ~s the result, the counter 97 is reset at the intervals of lH also in the period of the vertical synchronizing signal VDo. However, the output for 6 H is obtained from the dec~der 98 with the last equalizing pulse ~ 17~329 EQ' both in the odd field and in the even field.
The counter 99 is reset with the first output of 5H from the decoder 99, which is a frequency-dividing counter for delay, and its output is maintained at high level "1" until it counts a predetermined number of the cloc]~ pulses from the reset, as shown in Fig, 6. The output of the counter g9 and the vertical synchronizing signal VD from the vertical synchronizing separating circuit 4~ are supplied to the AND
circuit 100. The output of the AND circuit 100 is differentiated by the differential circuit 104 to obtain a framing pulse FP.
~ The framing pulse FP is normally obtained in the even field every frame. ~owever, when noise occurs in the composite synchronizing signal SYMC, or when one or more pulses of the horizontal synchronizing signal HD and equalizing pulses EQ are lost in the composite synchronizing signal SYNC, there is concern that the framing pulse FP will be generated at an erroneous position or in the odd field, or that it will not be generated. In order to avoid these problems, the framing pulse FP from the framing pulse forming circuit 90 is supplied to the noise inhibition circuit 91 to eliminate the influence of the noise. Next, there will be described operation of the noise inhibition circuit 91 with reference to Fig. 7.
The flip-flop 106 is triggered with the trailing edge of the vertical synchronizing signal VD to generate Q2 output as a framing signal. The frequency of the framing signal is half of that of the vertical synchronizing signal VD, and the framing signal has a predetermined phase in the predetermined field. In Fig. 7, right framing pulses FP
obtained in the even field are indicated by o, and erroneous framing pulses FP generated at erroneous positions are indicated by x. Framing pulses FP indicated by ~ represent ones obtained ~ ~7~3~
in the case when video signals of even fields are successively supplied to the VTR, f~r example, at the connection point in the assemble edit operation.
The Q2 output of the flip-flop 106 triggered with the trailing edge of the vertical synchronizing signal VD, and the framing pulse FD are supplied to the AND circuit 107, and the Q2 output of the flip-flop 106, and the frami~g pulse FP
are supplied to the AND circuit 108. The output of the AN~
circuit 108 is supplied through the OR circuit 111 to the flip-flop 106 and the counter 109 to reset them. When the right framing pulses FP are su~plied to the AND circuits 107 and 108, the Q2 output of the flip-flop 106 is at low level "~", as shown in Fig. 7. ~ccordingly, so long as the right framing puises FP indicated by o are supplied to the AND circuits 107 and 108, the flip-flop 106 generates the framing signal of half the frequency of the vertical synchronizing signal VD
regardless of the reset signals. The framing signal is taken out through a switching circuit 83 from an output terminal. When the framing pulse FP indicated by x is su2plied to the AND circuits 107 and 108, the output of the AND circult 107 is supplied to the clock terminal of the counter 109 and counted thereby. However, the following framing pulse FP indicated by o and the Q2 output of the flip-flop 106 are supplied to the AN~ circuit 108, and the counter 109 is reset with the output of the AN~ circuit 108.
The frequency of the Q2 output of the flip-flop 106 is maintained to be half of the frequenc~ of the vertical synchronizing signal VD. When two of the erroneous framing pulses indicated by x are successively supplied to the AND circuits 107 and 108, the counter 109 counts "2", and then it is reset. The Q2 output of the flip-flop 106 is n~t disturbed by the erroneous framing pulses FP. When the framing pulses FP indicated by ~ are successively ~ 174329 supplied to the AND circuit 107 and 108, the counter 109 counts "3", and then it is reset with the output of the decoder 110.
Concurrently, the flip-flop 106 is reset to invert the Q2 output and Q2 output. It is considered that the framing pulses FP indicated by ~ are not erroneous, and that the phase of the frame is inverted. Correspondingly, the framing signal of half the frequency of the vertical synchronizing signal VD
is obtained from the output terminal 112.
In the above-described framing detecting circuit, the level of the composite synchronizing signal SYNC is detected at the time of about 1 H to about 1~ (for example, ~H~ from the leading edge or trailing edge of the composite synchronizing signal, and the framing pulse is obtained at the time when the above-described level is inverted.
Further, the output of the flip-flop triggered with the vertical synchronizing signal and the framing pulse are compared in phase with each other. The flip-flop is reset at the time when, the number of times which the output of the flip-flop and the framing pulse are not coincident in phase with each other, has reached the predetermined number N.
Accordingly, the framing detecting circuit of this invention can be constituted by a pure digital circuit without capacitors. ~he above-described predetermined number N can be determined such as "3" by the counter and the accuracy can be improved.
I~hen the framing detection is not required, the output of the vertical synchronizing separating circuit 48 is taken from the switching circuit 83 which is changed over by a control signal supplied to an input terminal 113, from the output terminal 112.
While this invention is illustrated with specific embodiment, it will be recognized by those skilled in the art ~ 17~13~
that modifications may be made therein without departing from the true scope of the invention as defined bv the following claims.
Claims (7)
PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A signal detecting circuit for extracting a vertical sync timing out of an incoming composite synchronizing signal comprising:
A) first counter means for counting a reference clock pulse having a fixed frequency higher than horizontal sync frequency, B) logic gate means coupled to a reset means of said counter for cyclically resetting said counter means except a vertical sync duration of said incoming composite synchronizing signal, said logic gate means being supplied with said composite synchronizing signal and contents of said first counter means, and C) means for generating a vertical sync timing during said vertical sync duration of the composite synchronizing signal out of said first counter means.
A) first counter means for counting a reference clock pulse having a fixed frequency higher than horizontal sync frequency, B) logic gate means coupled to a reset means of said counter for cyclically resetting said counter means except a vertical sync duration of said incoming composite synchronizing signal, said logic gate means being supplied with said composite synchronizing signal and contents of said first counter means, and C) means for generating a vertical sync timing during said vertical sync duration of the composite synchronizing signal out of said first counter means.
2. A signal detecting circuit for a composite synchronizing signal as cited in claim 1, wherein said logic gate means generates a window pulse, and when any level change occurs in said composite synchronizing signal during intervals of the window pulse, said synchronizing signal generating means holds a predetermined level and supplies an output synchronizing signal based on said level change.
3. A signal detecting circuit as cited in claim 2, wherein said synchronizing signal generating means includes second counter means for counting an output of said first counter means, and said second counter means reset upon occurrence of said level change.
4. A signal detecting circuit as cited in claim 1, wherein said synchronizing signal generating means includes second counter means for counting an output of said first counter means and said second counter means is reset when a level of said incoming composite synchronizing signal changes during predetermined time intervals.
5. A signal detecting circuit as cited in claim 4, further comprising:
D) means for detecting a level change during a predetermined time interval from a reference point of said incoming composite synchronizing signal for generating a frame identification pulse.
D) means for detecting a level change during a predetermined time interval from a reference point of said incoming composite synchronizing signal for generating a frame identification pulse.
6. A signal detecting circuit as cited in claim 5, further comprising:
E) bi-stable means triggered by said generated synchronizing signal, said bi-stable means oriented by said frame identification pulse for generating a framing pulse.
E) bi-stable means triggered by said generated synchronizing signal, said bi-stable means oriented by said frame identification pulse for generating a framing pulse.
7. A signal detecting circuit as cited in claim 6, further comprising:
F) third counter means, said orientation by said frame identification pulse to said bi-stable means being done after detecting predetermined times by said third counting means and differences in phase between said frame identification pulse and said framing pulse derived from said bi-stable means.
F) third counter means, said orientation by said frame identification pulse to said bi-stable means being done after detecting predetermined times by said third counting means and differences in phase between said frame identification pulse and said framing pulse derived from said bi-stable means.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000368392A CA1174329A (en) | 1981-01-13 | 1981-01-13 | Synchronizing signal detecting circuit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000368392A CA1174329A (en) | 1981-01-13 | 1981-01-13 | Synchronizing signal detecting circuit |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1174329A true CA1174329A (en) | 1984-09-11 |
Family
ID=4118904
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000368392A Expired CA1174329A (en) | 1981-01-13 | 1981-01-13 | Synchronizing signal detecting circuit |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1174329A (en) |
-
1981
- 1981-01-13 CA CA000368392A patent/CA1174329A/en not_active Expired
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4459612A (en) | Vertical synchronizing signal detecting circuit | |
| US4259698A (en) | Speed and phase servo control apparatus | |
| US4520394A (en) | Horizontal scanning frequency multiplying circuit | |
| EP0102809B1 (en) | Magnetic reproducing apparatus | |
| JPH0666938B2 (en) | Special playback device for video tape recorders | |
| GB2138227A (en) | Digital video tape recorder apparatus | |
| US4196445A (en) | Time-base error correction | |
| US4052733A (en) | Pal four-frame subcarrier phase detector | |
| CA1208355A (en) | Digital video tape recorder that can be used with different television systems | |
| US3978519A (en) | Digital time base correctors for television equipment | |
| US4907092A (en) | Modulating/demodulating circuit for multiplex recording/playback of data in a magnetic recording/playback system | |
| GB2084415A (en) | Apparatus for regenerating a clock pulse signal from a stream of data | |
| CA1174329A (en) | Synchronizing signal detecting circuit | |
| EP0116926B1 (en) | Magnetic recording and reproducing apparatus | |
| JPH0570982B2 (en) | ||
| KR960016381B1 (en) | Automatic frequency control circuit | |
| US4562394A (en) | Motor servo circuit for a magnetic recording and reproducing apparatus | |
| US4876614A (en) | Track-readjusted magnetic-tape recorder with transverse tracking | |
| KR940003664B1 (en) | Digital signal detecting apparatus | |
| JPS648951B2 (en) | ||
| US4680649A (en) | Back-space editing control circuit for rotary-head magnetic tape recording and reproducing apparatus | |
| US5206768A (en) | Method and apparatus for writing video signal in memory | |
| US4540947A (en) | FM Signal demodulating apparatus | |
| JPS6339143B2 (en) | ||
| JPS6214900B2 (en) |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |