CA1165179A - Metal-plastic cartridge case and cartridge arrangement - Google Patents
Metal-plastic cartridge case and cartridge arrangementInfo
- Publication number
- CA1165179A CA1165179A CA000346369A CA346369A CA1165179A CA 1165179 A CA1165179 A CA 1165179A CA 000346369 A CA000346369 A CA 000346369A CA 346369 A CA346369 A CA 346369A CA 1165179 A CA1165179 A CA 1165179A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- base
- sleeve
- joint
- cartridge case
- chevron
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000088 plastic resin Substances 0.000 claims 6
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 claims 5
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 abstract description 35
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 2
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Diethoxyethane Chemical compound CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011354 acetal resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
- F42B5/26—Cartridge cases
- F42B5/30—Cartridge cases of plastics, i.e. the cartridge-case tube is of plastics
- F42B5/307—Cartridge cases of plastics, i.e. the cartridge-case tube is of plastics formed by assembling several elements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
- F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
- F42B5/067—Mounting or locking missiles in cartridge cases
- F42B5/073—Mounting or locking missiles in cartridge cases using an auxiliary locking element
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
- Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Sealing Material Composition (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Insulators (AREA)
Abstract
Abstract of the Disclosure A cartridge case and cartridge arrangement in which a [metal] base is joined along an annular intermating chevron-shaped joint with a [glass-reinforced plastic] sleeve. In the illustrated and preferred embodiment the base is metal and the sleeve is glass-fiber-reinforced plastic. The case has a propellant, projectile, and a percussive primer. A plurality of circumferentially spaced vent holes are formed in the plastic sleeve along a portion of the chevron joint as an aid to reducing excessive interface friction loads at the chevron joint during firing of the cartridge. A less preferred modification is disclosed in which the base is formed of plastic material or a composite glass-plastic or other composite plastic material, and the sleeve is formed of metal. A
further less preferred modification is disclosed in which both the sleeve and the base are formed of similar materials.
further less preferred modification is disclosed in which both the sleeve and the base are formed of similar materials.
Description
~6S~
This invention relales to a cartridge case having a base and a sleeve connected through an interference joint formed thereby, and to a carlridge arrangement incorporating such case.
It is desirable to provide a combined plastic sleeve and metal base cartridge case and cartridge arrangement.
However, the joint therebetween creates substantial problems in that such joints tend to Eail under firing loads. It has particularly been found that in some important practical firing conditions where relatively large lengthwise expansion of the cartridge case can occur, such as where the propellant gas pressures cause the breech block and/or other portions of the cartridge chamber to ~ield and expand the firing chamber lengthwise and/or where the firing chamber has an initial large headspace enabling lengthwise expansion of the case during firing, an otherwise normally successful interference joint will fail in the plastic sleeve section due to excessive interface friction along the mating joint surfaces.
It is an object and feature of this invention to provide a metal-plastic cartridge case an~ cartridge incorpor-ating such, in which a metal base-to-plastic sleeve chevron interference joint is provided with plural vent holes in the plastic sleeve along a portion of the chevron interface so as to reduce the interface friction in the joint during firing. Such is particularly advantageous in a metal base/
plastic sleeve arrangement with the sleeve e~tending within a portion of the base along the chevron interference joint zone.
According to the present invention, then, there is provided a cartridge case comprising a base, a sleeve connected to the base through a mechanical interlocking , ~!
.,,`~,,/ - 1 - ~
l~iS~'~9 overlapping join~ which forms an obturating seal under radially outward pressure exerted thereon and which permits concurrent longitudinal expansion of the cartridge case by means of axial movement of the base and sleeve relative to one another, and a plurality of circumferentially spaced radially extending vent holes formed in the radially innermost of the overlapping portions of the joint to enable partial pressure equalization along a longitudinal portion only of the joint to facilitate the axial movement while enabling obturating circumferential sealing of the remaining portion of the joint.
Still other objects and attendant advantages will become apparent from a reading of the follcwing detailed description of a preferred physical embodiment constructed according to the invention, t:aken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in whi.ch:
Figure 1 is a longit:unal section view of a cartridge case and cartridge according to the invention, showing such in a cartridge chamber preparatory to firing;
Figure 2 is a fragmentary view of the cartridge and chamber similar to Figure 1, likewise preparat~ry to firing;
Figure 3 is a fragmentary view of the cartridge and chamber, illustrating schematically the action of the various parts during firing and resultant propellant gas pressuri~ation;
This invention relales to a cartridge case having a base and a sleeve connected through an interference joint formed thereby, and to a carlridge arrangement incorporating such case.
It is desirable to provide a combined plastic sleeve and metal base cartridge case and cartridge arrangement.
However, the joint therebetween creates substantial problems in that such joints tend to Eail under firing loads. It has particularly been found that in some important practical firing conditions where relatively large lengthwise expansion of the cartridge case can occur, such as where the propellant gas pressures cause the breech block and/or other portions of the cartridge chamber to ~ield and expand the firing chamber lengthwise and/or where the firing chamber has an initial large headspace enabling lengthwise expansion of the case during firing, an otherwise normally successful interference joint will fail in the plastic sleeve section due to excessive interface friction along the mating joint surfaces.
It is an object and feature of this invention to provide a metal-plastic cartridge case an~ cartridge incorpor-ating such, in which a metal base-to-plastic sleeve chevron interference joint is provided with plural vent holes in the plastic sleeve along a portion of the chevron interface so as to reduce the interface friction in the joint during firing. Such is particularly advantageous in a metal base/
plastic sleeve arrangement with the sleeve e~tending within a portion of the base along the chevron interference joint zone.
According to the present invention, then, there is provided a cartridge case comprising a base, a sleeve connected to the base through a mechanical interlocking , ~!
.,,`~,,/ - 1 - ~
l~iS~'~9 overlapping join~ which forms an obturating seal under radially outward pressure exerted thereon and which permits concurrent longitudinal expansion of the cartridge case by means of axial movement of the base and sleeve relative to one another, and a plurality of circumferentially spaced radially extending vent holes formed in the radially innermost of the overlapping portions of the joint to enable partial pressure equalization along a longitudinal portion only of the joint to facilitate the axial movement while enabling obturating circumferential sealing of the remaining portion of the joint.
Still other objects and attendant advantages will become apparent from a reading of the follcwing detailed description of a preferred physical embodiment constructed according to the invention, t:aken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in whi.ch:
Figure 1 is a longit:unal section view of a cartridge case and cartridge according to the invention, showing such in a cartridge chamber preparatory to firing;
Figure 2 is a fragmentary view of the cartridge and chamber similar to Figure 1, likewise preparat~ry to firing;
Figure 3 is a fragmentary view of the cartridge and chamber, illustrating schematically the action of the various parts during firing and resultant propellant gas pressuri~ation;
2 -~ ~6S~l'7~3 Figure 4 is an enlarged fragmentary section view of the chevron joint, schematically illustrating the venting and friction relieving action of the vent holes along a portion of the joint during firing; and Figure 5 is an enlarged fragmentary section view of the plastic sleeve portion of the chevron joint showing the zone of interface frictional loading and sealing during firing and the friction-relieving action effected by gases passing through the friction-reducing vent holes.
Referring now in detail to the Figures of the draw-ings, in the illustrative embodiment cartridge ll has a metal-plastic cartridge case formed of a metal base 13, a suitable metal being steel, brass, nickel, etc. and a plastic sleeve, suitable plastic materials being glass-reinforced or other fiber-reinforced nylon, polycarbonat~, acetal resin or the like.
A projectile 21 of suitable desired configuration is suitably secured in the cartridge, and a conventional or other desired main propellant charge 18 is ignitable by a con-ventional percussive or other desired primer 14 which is pro-vided for igniting the main propellant charge, the illustrative example including an intermediate black powder charge which may have a frangible cover 16a thereon.
In the illustrative embodiment the nose end o~ the projectile 21 is carried in a steel sleeve 27 within the bore 27b of which it rides during exit from the case 13, 15~ Sleeve 27 has a radially extending end flange 27f which is pressed forwardly against the rear face of the weapon barrel 45 upon firing of the cartridge 11, and an annular obturating case seal 29 is provided to seal the propellant gases during the î:3L6~3L7~
firing action. The nose end of the illustrative projectile is provided with a bore-riding nylon sleeve 25 and a multiple ring seal 23 which wedges along the tapered projectile surface to effect a seal with the bore 27b initially and subsequently with the barrel bore ~5b.
The cartridge 11 is shown chambered in a firing chamber 43c formed in a firing chamber block 43, and removably secured in place by a pawl 31, with a breech block 41 through which a suitable firing pin 51 moves to percussively engage and fire the primer 14 and the propellant powder charges 16, 18.
The cartridge 11 as seated in the firing chamber 43c may or may not have an initial head space gap of significant size at the front and/or rear end of the cartridge 11 between the cart.ridge and either or both of the barrel rear shoulder 45s and the breech block 41, and/or the breech block structure may itself permit a significantly larc3e head space charge to be effected, and thereby effectively elongating the firing ch~m-ber, during firing and under the pressures of the propellant gase~ acting on the opposite end sections 13 and 15, 27 of the projectile. As a result the metal base 13 and plastic sleeve 15 are moved in opposite directions by the combined amount of any initial head space and the increase in head space through elongation of the firing chamber 43c under the pressures exerted during firing of the propellant charges 16, 18 to propel the projectile from the cartridge case and along the barrel bore 45b.
To this end it is desirable to provide a joint between the metal base 13 and the plastic sleeve which will not only withstand handling loads and acceleration loads during firing, but also will enable the relative longitudinal expansion move-~l~;S~9 ment between the metal base 13 and nylon sleeve 15 during firing without rupture or separation, while still effecting a sealed joint both prior to and during f iring.
As an illustration of the overall head space which may be required to be accommodated, in one chamber of approxi-mately 13.25 inches length a head space change of approximately .120 inch has been encountered.
To this end, it is important to minimize the incidence of failure at the metal base/plastic sleeve joint under these practical operating conditions where such may occur, and the present invention is directed to accomplish this object and purpose.
The metal base 13 is joined to the plastic sleeve 15 through an annular chevron joint which provides both good handling and acceleration load strength while providing an effect-i~e obturating gas se~l during firing. In addition the joint enab]es frictional relief or reduction along a substantial extent of its length during firing to thereby enable the joint to ac-commodate the relative frictional sliding movement between the base 13 and sleeve 15 for head space accommodation and thereby minimizing the otherwise substantial likelihood of separation failure at the joint.
The chevron joint is formed by two annular interfacing intermating complementary annular step-like chevron surfaces 13ac and 15ac formed respectively on the forwardly facing rim lip 13a of the metal base 13 and the rear end surface 15a of the plastic sleeve 15. The chevron surfaces 13ac and 15ac are also generally tapered, and the plastic chevron section 15ac is the radially inboard one of the two sections, thereby en-abling the plastic section to be obturated and into sealing ~S~'7~
relation with the stronger less yielding metal band therearoundas formed by the inwardly facing chevron section 13ac of the metal base rim. In the assembled condition prior to firing the joint is mechanicall~ stable and forms a secure mechanical interlocking connection. In addition, as above noted, the tapered inner chevron section 15ac will be obturated radially outwardly into continuing sealing contact with the metal base chevron section 13ac under the forces of the propellant gas pressures during firing of the cartridge 11 and propulsion of the projectile 21.
However, due to the problem of the requirements for accommodating initial and/or increase of head space in the firing chamber upon firing of the cartridge, the chevron joint has very substantial longitudinal tensile stresses exerted thereon, which desirably are accommodated by permitting longitudinal slippage along the chevron joint intermating surfaces. With the chevron joint as simply above-described the interface friction along the entirety of the length of the chevron surfaces 13ac and 15ac is so great AS to seriously approach or exceed the strength of plastic materials, including thosa reinforced with glass or other suitable fibers. This problem is minimized by providing a plurality of radial vent holes 17 in the zone of the chevron surface 15ac spaced sufficiently away from the chevron zone 15ac3 as to enable it to maintain an obturating seal with the corresponding chevron surface 13ac3 of the metal base chevron section 13ac, while enabling pressure equalizing passage of the pressurized propellant gases through the vent holes 17 to thereby relieve the friction forces along the ad-joining chevron surface sections 13acl, 13ac2 and 15acl, 15ac2.
The total effect is to materially reduce the friction and L7~
mechanical surface area, and thereby reduce the resistive forces opposing a sliding expansion of the chevron joint during firing, and to thus enable a substantially greater assurance of main-taining not only an effective gas seal at the joint but also to maintain the structural integrity and reduce the likelihood of failure of the case at this zone.
The action of the vented chevron joint 13ac, 15ac is shown schematically in enlarged form in Figure ~, the venting separation action being exaggerated for clarity of illustration.
Figure 5 illustrates the zone of resultant obturating seating 15ac3 and normal frictional and mechanical locking resistance to relative longitudinal sliding se~aration movement betwe~n the base 13 and the sleeve 15 during firing.
It will be noted that the vent holes are shown as being approximately midway of the two chevron sections lSacl and 15ac2~ The iliustration in Figure 5 shows schematically the radial deformation at lSad of the plastic sleeve 15 which results from obturating deformation of the sleeve 15 outwardly against the metal base in the zone of sealing chevron zones 13ac3, 15ac3. Likewise, Figure 4 schematically shows the re-sultant elongation movement positioning of the base 13 and sleeve 15 joint sections 13ac, 15ac, resulting in a gap into which a small radial obturating convex deformation of the sleeve 15 may occur, as shown.
It will thus be appreciated that a metal/plastic cartridge case and cartridge construction is provided which not only provides a good interface joint seal which has strength for withstanding handling and acceleration loads, but also has provision for automatically reducing the joint interlock resist-ive action during firing, and this minimizes and materially iS~'7~
reduces the likelihood of joint failure during firing, where large head space expansion is involved.
While the invention has been specifically illustrated and described with reference to a single illustrative example, it will be apparent that various modifications and improvements made be made without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. Accordingly, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited by the particular illustrative embodiment, but only by the scope of the appended claims.
~i5~'79 SUPPLEMENT~RY DISCLOSURE
The cartridge case as described above incorporates a metal base and a plastic sleeve, the sleeve typically being fiber-reinforced for added strength, with a chevron interference joint being provided at the interface between the base of metal and the sleeve of plastic. Also as described, the radially innermost of these two components, the plastic sleeve, is provided with plural vent holes along a portion of the chevron interface so as to reduce the interface friction in the joint during firing.
This arrangement has proven particularly advantageous in a metal base-plastic sleeve arrangement with the sleeve extending within a portion oE the base along the chevron interference joint zone. It has been found, however, that a reverse configuration may be utilized, albeit to less advantage, in which the sleeve overlaps the metal base along the chevron joint zone. Likewise, the present case and cartridge may be utilized with a reversal of materials, that is, a plastic base and a metal sleeve, or with similar materials.
S~ _ g _
Referring now in detail to the Figures of the draw-ings, in the illustrative embodiment cartridge ll has a metal-plastic cartridge case formed of a metal base 13, a suitable metal being steel, brass, nickel, etc. and a plastic sleeve, suitable plastic materials being glass-reinforced or other fiber-reinforced nylon, polycarbonat~, acetal resin or the like.
A projectile 21 of suitable desired configuration is suitably secured in the cartridge, and a conventional or other desired main propellant charge 18 is ignitable by a con-ventional percussive or other desired primer 14 which is pro-vided for igniting the main propellant charge, the illustrative example including an intermediate black powder charge which may have a frangible cover 16a thereon.
In the illustrative embodiment the nose end o~ the projectile 21 is carried in a steel sleeve 27 within the bore 27b of which it rides during exit from the case 13, 15~ Sleeve 27 has a radially extending end flange 27f which is pressed forwardly against the rear face of the weapon barrel 45 upon firing of the cartridge 11, and an annular obturating case seal 29 is provided to seal the propellant gases during the î:3L6~3L7~
firing action. The nose end of the illustrative projectile is provided with a bore-riding nylon sleeve 25 and a multiple ring seal 23 which wedges along the tapered projectile surface to effect a seal with the bore 27b initially and subsequently with the barrel bore ~5b.
The cartridge 11 is shown chambered in a firing chamber 43c formed in a firing chamber block 43, and removably secured in place by a pawl 31, with a breech block 41 through which a suitable firing pin 51 moves to percussively engage and fire the primer 14 and the propellant powder charges 16, 18.
The cartridge 11 as seated in the firing chamber 43c may or may not have an initial head space gap of significant size at the front and/or rear end of the cartridge 11 between the cart.ridge and either or both of the barrel rear shoulder 45s and the breech block 41, and/or the breech block structure may itself permit a significantly larc3e head space charge to be effected, and thereby effectively elongating the firing ch~m-ber, during firing and under the pressures of the propellant gase~ acting on the opposite end sections 13 and 15, 27 of the projectile. As a result the metal base 13 and plastic sleeve 15 are moved in opposite directions by the combined amount of any initial head space and the increase in head space through elongation of the firing chamber 43c under the pressures exerted during firing of the propellant charges 16, 18 to propel the projectile from the cartridge case and along the barrel bore 45b.
To this end it is desirable to provide a joint between the metal base 13 and the plastic sleeve which will not only withstand handling loads and acceleration loads during firing, but also will enable the relative longitudinal expansion move-~l~;S~9 ment between the metal base 13 and nylon sleeve 15 during firing without rupture or separation, while still effecting a sealed joint both prior to and during f iring.
As an illustration of the overall head space which may be required to be accommodated, in one chamber of approxi-mately 13.25 inches length a head space change of approximately .120 inch has been encountered.
To this end, it is important to minimize the incidence of failure at the metal base/plastic sleeve joint under these practical operating conditions where such may occur, and the present invention is directed to accomplish this object and purpose.
The metal base 13 is joined to the plastic sleeve 15 through an annular chevron joint which provides both good handling and acceleration load strength while providing an effect-i~e obturating gas se~l during firing. In addition the joint enab]es frictional relief or reduction along a substantial extent of its length during firing to thereby enable the joint to ac-commodate the relative frictional sliding movement between the base 13 and sleeve 15 for head space accommodation and thereby minimizing the otherwise substantial likelihood of separation failure at the joint.
The chevron joint is formed by two annular interfacing intermating complementary annular step-like chevron surfaces 13ac and 15ac formed respectively on the forwardly facing rim lip 13a of the metal base 13 and the rear end surface 15a of the plastic sleeve 15. The chevron surfaces 13ac and 15ac are also generally tapered, and the plastic chevron section 15ac is the radially inboard one of the two sections, thereby en-abling the plastic section to be obturated and into sealing ~S~'7~
relation with the stronger less yielding metal band therearoundas formed by the inwardly facing chevron section 13ac of the metal base rim. In the assembled condition prior to firing the joint is mechanicall~ stable and forms a secure mechanical interlocking connection. In addition, as above noted, the tapered inner chevron section 15ac will be obturated radially outwardly into continuing sealing contact with the metal base chevron section 13ac under the forces of the propellant gas pressures during firing of the cartridge 11 and propulsion of the projectile 21.
However, due to the problem of the requirements for accommodating initial and/or increase of head space in the firing chamber upon firing of the cartridge, the chevron joint has very substantial longitudinal tensile stresses exerted thereon, which desirably are accommodated by permitting longitudinal slippage along the chevron joint intermating surfaces. With the chevron joint as simply above-described the interface friction along the entirety of the length of the chevron surfaces 13ac and 15ac is so great AS to seriously approach or exceed the strength of plastic materials, including thosa reinforced with glass or other suitable fibers. This problem is minimized by providing a plurality of radial vent holes 17 in the zone of the chevron surface 15ac spaced sufficiently away from the chevron zone 15ac3 as to enable it to maintain an obturating seal with the corresponding chevron surface 13ac3 of the metal base chevron section 13ac, while enabling pressure equalizing passage of the pressurized propellant gases through the vent holes 17 to thereby relieve the friction forces along the ad-joining chevron surface sections 13acl, 13ac2 and 15acl, 15ac2.
The total effect is to materially reduce the friction and L7~
mechanical surface area, and thereby reduce the resistive forces opposing a sliding expansion of the chevron joint during firing, and to thus enable a substantially greater assurance of main-taining not only an effective gas seal at the joint but also to maintain the structural integrity and reduce the likelihood of failure of the case at this zone.
The action of the vented chevron joint 13ac, 15ac is shown schematically in enlarged form in Figure ~, the venting separation action being exaggerated for clarity of illustration.
Figure 5 illustrates the zone of resultant obturating seating 15ac3 and normal frictional and mechanical locking resistance to relative longitudinal sliding se~aration movement betwe~n the base 13 and the sleeve 15 during firing.
It will be noted that the vent holes are shown as being approximately midway of the two chevron sections lSacl and 15ac2~ The iliustration in Figure 5 shows schematically the radial deformation at lSad of the plastic sleeve 15 which results from obturating deformation of the sleeve 15 outwardly against the metal base in the zone of sealing chevron zones 13ac3, 15ac3. Likewise, Figure 4 schematically shows the re-sultant elongation movement positioning of the base 13 and sleeve 15 joint sections 13ac, 15ac, resulting in a gap into which a small radial obturating convex deformation of the sleeve 15 may occur, as shown.
It will thus be appreciated that a metal/plastic cartridge case and cartridge construction is provided which not only provides a good interface joint seal which has strength for withstanding handling and acceleration loads, but also has provision for automatically reducing the joint interlock resist-ive action during firing, and this minimizes and materially iS~'7~
reduces the likelihood of joint failure during firing, where large head space expansion is involved.
While the invention has been specifically illustrated and described with reference to a single illustrative example, it will be apparent that various modifications and improvements made be made without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. Accordingly, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited by the particular illustrative embodiment, but only by the scope of the appended claims.
~i5~'79 SUPPLEMENT~RY DISCLOSURE
The cartridge case as described above incorporates a metal base and a plastic sleeve, the sleeve typically being fiber-reinforced for added strength, with a chevron interference joint being provided at the interface between the base of metal and the sleeve of plastic. Also as described, the radially innermost of these two components, the plastic sleeve, is provided with plural vent holes along a portion of the chevron interface so as to reduce the interface friction in the joint during firing.
This arrangement has proven particularly advantageous in a metal base-plastic sleeve arrangement with the sleeve extending within a portion oE the base along the chevron interference joint zone. It has been found, however, that a reverse configuration may be utilized, albeit to less advantage, in which the sleeve overlaps the metal base along the chevron joint zone. Likewise, the present case and cartridge may be utilized with a reversal of materials, that is, a plastic base and a metal sleeve, or with similar materials.
S~ _ g _
Claims (36)
1. A cartridge case comprising a base, a sleeve connected to said base through a mechanical interlocking overlapping joint which forms an obturating seal under radially outward pressure exerted thereon and which permits concurrent longitudinal expansion of said cartridge case by means of axial movement of said base and sleeve relative to one another, and a plurality of circumferentially spaced radially extending vent holes formed in the radially innermost of the overlapping portions of said joint to enable partial pressure equalization along a longitudinal portion only of said joint to facilitate said axial movement while enabling obturating circumferential sealing of the remaining portion of said joint.
2. A cartridge case according to claim 1, said base being formed of metal and said sleeve being formed of a plastic material.
3. A cartridge case according to claim 1, said sleeve being formed of a fiber-reinforced cured plastic resin.
4. A cartridge case according to claim 1, said mechanical interlocking overlapping joint comprising overlapping interfacing annular chevron surfaces formed on each of said base and said sleeve, said vent holes being formed in the zone of and extending through the outwardly facing innermost one of said chevron surfaces.
5. A cartridge case according to claim 4, said base being formed of metal and said sleeve being formed of a plastic material.
6. A cartridge case according to claim 4, said sleeve being formed of a fiber-reinforced cured plastic resin.
7. A cartridge case according to claim 4, said base having a longitudinally extending annular rim or lip a portion of which has formed thereon one of said interfacing annular chevron surfaces forming said joint.
8. A cartridge case according to claim 7, said base rim or lip being tapered at its end zone, and said one chevron surface being formed along said tapered end zone, said interfacing sleeve chevron surface being substan-tially complementarily tapered and chevron surfaces in the zone of said overlapping joint.
9. A cartridge case according to claim 8, said sleeve being disposed radially inboard of said base in the zone of said joint and having its said chevron sur-face facing radially outwardly and having said vent holes formed therein.
10. A cartridge comprising a cartridge case according to claim 1, and further comprising a projectile carried by said case, a propellant powder charge disposed within said case, and means for igniting said propellant powder charge.
11. A cartridge case comprising a base, a sleeve connected to said base through a mechanical interlocking overlapping joint which forms an obturating seal under radially outward pressure exerted thereon and which permits concurrent longitudinal expansion of said cartridge case by means of axial movement of said base and sleeve relative to one another, and a plurality of circumferentially spaced radially extending vent holes formed in the radially innermost of the overlapping portions of said joint to enable partial pressure equalization along a longitudinal portion only of said joint to facilitate said axial movement while enabling obturating circumferential sealing of the remaining portion of said joint, said mechanical interlocking overlapping joint comprising overlapping interfacing chevron surfaces formed on each of said base and said sleeve, said sleeve being disposed radially inboard of said base in the zone of said joint and having its said chevron surface facing radially outwardly and having said vent holes formed therein, said vent holes being formed in the zone of and extending through the outwardly facing innermost one of said chevron surfaces.
12. A cartridge case according to claim 11, said base being formed of metal and said sleeve being formed of a plastic material.
13. A cartridge case according to claim 11, said sleeve being formed of a fiber-reinforced cured plastic resin.
14. A cartridge case comprising a base, a sleeve connected to said base through a mechanical interlocking overlapping joint which forms an obturating seal under radially outward pressure exerted thereon and which permits concurrent longitudinal expansion of said cartridge case by means of axial movement of said base and sleeve relative to one another, and a plurality of circumferentially spaced radially extending vent holes formed in the radially innermost of the overlapping portions of said joint to enable partial pressure equalization over a longitudinal portion only of said joint to facilitate said axial movement while enabling obturating circumferential sealing of the remaining portion of said joint, said mechanical interlocking overlapping joint comprising overlapping interfacing annular chevron surfaces formed on each of said base and said sleeve, said sleeve being disposed radially inboard of said base in the zone of said joint and having its said chevron surface facing radially outwardly and having said vent holes formed therein.
15. A cartridge case according to claim 14, said base being formed of metal and said sleeve being formed of a plastic material.
16. A cartridge case according to claim 14, said sleeve being formed of a fiber-reinforced cured plastic resin.
17. A cartridge case according to claim 14, said base having a longitudinally extending annular rim or lip a portion of which has formed thereon one of said interfacing annular chevron surfaces forming said joint.
18. A cartridge case according to claim 17, said base rim or lip being tapered at its end zone, and said one chevron surface being formed along said tapered end zone, said interfacing sleeve chevron surface being sub-stantially complementarily tapered with interfitting chevron surfaces in the zone of said overlapping joint.
19. A cartridge comprising a cartridge case according to claim 11, and further comprising a projectile carried by said case, a propellant powder charge disposed within said case, and means for igniting said propellant powder charge.
20. A cartridge case according to claim 14, said base having a longitudinally extending annular rim or lip a portion of which has formed thereon one of said interfacing annular chevron surfaces forming said joint, said base rim or lip being tapered at its end zone, and said one chevron surface being formed along said tapered end zone, said interfacing sleeve chevron surface being substan-tially complementarily tapered with interfitting chevron sur-faces in the zone of said overlapping joint, each of said chevron surfaces being formed of discrete step surfaces alternately oppositely canted at acute angles relative to an imaginary longitudinal center line of said case.
21. A cartridge case according to claim 14, each of said chevron surfaces being formed of discrete step surfaces alternately oppositely canted at acute angles relative to an imaginary longitudinal center line of said case.
22. A cartridge case according to claim 11, each of said chevron surfaces being formed of discrete step surfaces alternately oppositely canted at acute angles relative to an impaginary longitudinal center line of said case.
23. A cartridge case according to claim 22, said base being formed of metal and said sleeve being formed of a plastic material.
24. A cartridge case according to claim 22, said sleeve being formed of a fiber-reinforced cured plastic resin.
25. A cartridge case according to claim 22, said base having a longitudinally extending annular rim or lip a portion of which has formed thereon one of said interfacing annular chevron surfaces forming said joint.
26. A cartridge comprising a cartridge case according to claim 22, and further comprising a projectile carried by said case, a propellant powder charge disposed within said case, and means for igniting said propellant powder charge.
27. A cartridge case comprising a base, a sleeve connected lo said base through a mechanical interlocking overlapping joint which forms an obturating seal under radially outward pressure exerted thereon and which permits concurrent longitudinal expansion of said cartridge case by means of axial movement of said base and sleeve relative to one another, and a plurality of circumferentially spaced radially extending vent holes formed in the radially innermost of the overlapping portions of said joint to enable partial pressure equalization over a longitudinal portion only of said joint to facilitate said axial movement while enabling obturating circumferential sealing of the remaining portion of said joint, said mechanical interlocking overlapping joint comprising overlapping interfacing annular chevron surfaces formed on each of said base and said sleeve, and said vent holes being formed in the zone of and extending through the outwardly facing innermost one of said chevron surfaces.
28. A cartridge case according to claim 27, said base being formed of metal and said sleeve being formed of a plastic material.
29. A cartridge case according to claim 27, said sleeve being formed of a fiber-reinforced cured plastic resin.
30. A cartridge case according to claim 27, said base having a longitudinally extending annular rim or lip a portion of which has formed thereon one of said interfacing annular chevron surfaces forming said joint.
31. A cartridge case according to claim 30, said base rim or lip being tapered at its end zone, and said one chevron surface being formed along said tapered end zone, said interfacing sleeve chevron surface being substan-tially complementarily tapered with interfitting chevron surfaces in the zone of said overlapping joint.
32. A cartridge case according to claim 27, said base having a longitudinally extending annular rim or lip a portion of which has formed thereon one of said interfacing annular chevron surfaces forming said joint, said base rim or lip being tapered at its end zone, and said one chevron surface being formed along said tapered end zone, said interfacing sleeve chevron surface being substan-tially complementarily tapered with interfitting chevron surfaces in the zone of said overlapping joint, each of said chevron surfaces being formed of discrete step surfaces alternately oppositely canted at acute angles relative to an imaginary longitudinal center line of said case.
33. A cartridge according to claim 27, each of said chevron surfaces being formed of discrete step surfaces alternately oppositely canted at acute angles relative to an imaginary longitudinal center line of said case.
CLAIMS SUPPORTED BY SUPPLEMENTARY DISCLOSURE
CLAIMS SUPPORTED BY SUPPLEMENTARY DISCLOSURE
34. A cartridge case according to claims 1, 11 and 14, said base being formed of plastic material and said sleeve being formed of metal.
35. The cartridge case of claims 1 and 27 wherein said base is disposed radially inboard of said sleeve in the zone of said joint.
36. The cartridge case of claim 27 wherein said base is disposed radially inboard of said sleeve in the zone of said joint and having its chevron surface facing radially out-wardly and having said vent holes formed therein.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US2078079A | 1979-03-15 | 1979-03-15 | |
| US20,780 | 1979-03-15 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1165179A true CA1165179A (en) | 1984-04-10 |
Family
ID=21800538
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000346369A Expired CA1165179A (en) | 1979-03-15 | 1980-02-25 | Metal-plastic cartridge case and cartridge arrangement |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS55131700A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1165179A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH636191A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3009286C2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2451564B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2044416B (en) |
| IL (1) | IL59541A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1127397B (en) |
Families Citing this family (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS60141930A (en) * | 1983-12-28 | 1985-07-27 | Hitachi Constr Mach Co Ltd | Loading weight display device for hydraulic shovel |
| JPS60102436A (en) * | 1984-06-23 | 1985-06-06 | Hitachi Constr Mach Co Ltd | Loading weight displayer for oil-pressure shovel |
| US4691638A (en) * | 1985-04-30 | 1987-09-08 | Honeywell Inc. | Cased telescoped ammunition |
| FR2679993B1 (en) * | 1991-07-31 | 1995-02-24 | Giat Ind Sa | AMMUNITION, ESPECIALLY OF THE TELESCOPE TYPE. |
| US5563365A (en) * | 1993-08-09 | 1996-10-08 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Case base/combustible cartridge case joint |
| GB2287775A (en) * | 1994-03-15 | 1995-09-27 | Royal Ordnance Plc | Ammunition cartridge cases |
| WO1997025586A1 (en) * | 1996-01-04 | 1997-07-17 | Dineen John J | Case base/combustible cartridge case joint |
| DE19749486A1 (en) * | 1997-11-08 | 1999-05-12 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Connection of pipe sections of combustible propellant sleeves |
| US6752084B1 (en) | 1999-01-15 | 2004-06-22 | Amtech, Inc. | Ammunition articles with plastic components and method of making ammunition articles with plastic components |
| WO2003036222A1 (en) * | 2001-10-22 | 2003-05-01 | Armtec Defense Products Co. | Ammunition round assembly with combustible cartridge case |
| US6901866B2 (en) | 2001-11-27 | 2005-06-07 | Armtec Defense Products Company | Combustible cased telescoped ammunition assembly |
| US7059234B2 (en) | 2003-05-29 | 2006-06-13 | Natec, Inc. | Ammunition articles and method of making ammunition articles |
| US9470485B1 (en) | 2004-03-29 | 2016-10-18 | Victor B. Kley | Molded plastic cartridge with extended flash tube, sub-sonic cartridges, and user identification for firearms and site sensing fire control |
| US8146502B2 (en) | 2006-01-06 | 2012-04-03 | Armtec Defense Products Co. | Combustible cartridge cased ammunition assembly |
| US7913625B2 (en) | 2006-04-07 | 2011-03-29 | Armtec Defense Products Co. | Ammunition assembly with alternate load path |
| US9921017B1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2018-03-20 | Victor B. Kley | User identification for weapons and site sensing fire control |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1470591A (en) * | 1920-04-20 | 1923-10-16 | Behar Manoel Felix | Gun and ammunition therefor |
| BE420894A (en) * | 1936-04-03 | |||
| FR899552A (en) * | 1942-11-13 | 1945-06-05 | Oerlikon Buehrle Ag | Cartridge for automatic cannon |
| DE1578027A1 (en) * | 1964-03-18 | 1970-08-27 | Giuseppe Negrello | Cartridge for hunting and combat weapons |
| DE2705235A1 (en) * | 1977-02-08 | 1978-08-17 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Lightweight cartridge with metal base and bullet - has plastics tube held in base and with crimped bullet |
-
1980
- 1980-02-25 CA CA000346369A patent/CA1165179A/en not_active Expired
- 1980-03-06 IL IL59541A patent/IL59541A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1980-03-07 DE DE3009286A patent/DE3009286C2/en not_active Expired
- 1980-03-11 JP JP3151180A patent/JPS55131700A/en active Pending
- 1980-03-12 GB GB8008385A patent/GB2044416B/en not_active Expired
- 1980-03-13 IT IT48148/80A patent/IT1127397B/en active
- 1980-03-14 FR FR8005830A patent/FR2451564B1/en not_active Expired
- 1980-03-14 CH CH202080A patent/CH636191A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CH636191A5 (en) | 1983-05-13 |
| DE3009286A1 (en) | 1980-09-25 |
| FR2451564B1 (en) | 1985-09-27 |
| FR2451564A1 (en) | 1980-10-10 |
| DE3009286C2 (en) | 1987-03-12 |
| IT1127397B (en) | 1986-05-21 |
| GB2044416B (en) | 1982-10-13 |
| IL59541A (en) | 1984-07-31 |
| GB2044416A (en) | 1980-10-15 |
| IT8048148A0 (en) | 1980-03-13 |
| JPS55131700A (en) | 1980-10-13 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |