CA1164356A - Reverse osmosis unit-degasifier system - Google Patents
Reverse osmosis unit-degasifier systemInfo
- Publication number
- CA1164356A CA1164356A CA000380331A CA380331A CA1164356A CA 1164356 A CA1164356 A CA 1164356A CA 000380331 A CA000380331 A CA 000380331A CA 380331 A CA380331 A CA 380331A CA 1164356 A CA1164356 A CA 1164356A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- water
- degasifier
- unit
- reverse osmosis
- eductor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 2
- KYARBIJYVGJZLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-amino-4-hydroxy-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OC1=CC(S(O)(=O)=O)=CC2=CC(N)=CC=C21 KYARBIJYVGJZLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
- B01D61/08—Apparatus therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2311/00—Details relating to membrane separation process operations and control
- B01D2311/08—Specific process operations in the concentrate stream
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
- Degasification And Air Bubble Elimination (AREA)
Abstract
REVERSE OSMOSIS UNIT-DEGASIFIER SYSTEM
Abstract of the Disclosure The high pressure waste water from a reverse osmosis unit is conveyed to an eductor where it creates a source of low pressure for operating a degasifier that removes carbon dioxide from the water treated by the reverse osmosis unit.
Abstract of the Disclosure The high pressure waste water from a reverse osmosis unit is conveyed to an eductor where it creates a source of low pressure for operating a degasifier that removes carbon dioxide from the water treated by the reverse osmosis unit.
Description
Background of the Inven~ on The invention relates generally to ~he treatment of water by reverse osmosis units, and particularly to those units that require degasification to xemove carbon dioxide.
Reverse osmosis membranes are frequently used to treat water to remove certain impurities. The elements making up a ` reverse osmosis membrane require ~hat wa~er ~ed to the membrane have a pH below 8.5, otherwise they rapidly lose their capacity to function. In order ~o achieve the desired pH, water fed to the ` 10 membrane is often treated by an acid to lower the pH prior to i feeding the water to the unit. The combination of acid and water, however, may lead to the generation of carbon dioxide in the water. Since reverse osmosis membranes are permeabl~ ~o carbon dioxide, the carbon dioxide will remain in the water passed ~15 through the unit.
The carbon dioxide, which is undesirable, may be removed by sending the carbon dioxide-loaded water through a degasifier, but this ordinarily requires the expenditure of energy to operate the degasifier. The degasifier operates by passing the water through a tank where the carbon dioxide in the water rises to the top of the tank where a space is maintained. The carbon dioxide is removed from this space.
In U.S. Patent No. 3,917,526 ~Jennings) the stream from a membrane is used to affect the eduction removal of foam from the ~25 top of a flotation stage in a process for removing suspended solids, fats, oily wastes, etc. from a liquid stream. The liquid stream passes through ~he flotation system before entering the reverse osmosis membrane system in the arrangement shown in that patent.
Reverse osmosis membranes are frequently used to treat water to remove certain impurities. The elements making up a ` reverse osmosis membrane require ~hat wa~er ~ed to the membrane have a pH below 8.5, otherwise they rapidly lose their capacity to function. In order ~o achieve the desired pH, water fed to the ` 10 membrane is often treated by an acid to lower the pH prior to i feeding the water to the unit. The combination of acid and water, however, may lead to the generation of carbon dioxide in the water. Since reverse osmosis membranes are permeabl~ ~o carbon dioxide, the carbon dioxide will remain in the water passed ~15 through the unit.
The carbon dioxide, which is undesirable, may be removed by sending the carbon dioxide-loaded water through a degasifier, but this ordinarily requires the expenditure of energy to operate the degasifier. The degasifier operates by passing the water through a tank where the carbon dioxide in the water rises to the top of the tank where a space is maintained. The carbon dioxide is removed from this space.
In U.S. Patent No. 3,917,526 ~Jennings) the stream from a membrane is used to affect the eduction removal of foam from the ~25 top of a flotation stage in a process for removing suspended solids, fats, oily wastes, etc. from a liquid stream. The liquid stream passes through ~he flotation system before entering the reverse osmosis membrane system in the arrangement shown in that patent.
-2-`~43.~
It is an obje~t of the invention to provide for a reverse osmosis/degasifier in which less energy is required for operation.
Summary of ~he Invention The invention comprises a reverse osmosis unit/
degasifier combination in which the reverse osmosiq unit's waste water outlet is connected to an eductor. The eductor produces a low pressure ~hat sweeps a carbon dioxide degasifier ~o which wa~er treated by the RO unit is eonveyed. The water to opera~e the eductor and the water to be treated by the degasifier operated by the eductor leave the RO unit substantially at the same time so that the power souree (RO unit waste wa~er) is available as soon as the water ~ntering ~he degasifier can use it.
Brief Description of the Drawing Other objects, features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description including the drawing consisting of a single figure showing the system embodying the invention in diagrammatic form.
Description of the Preferred Embodiment The drawing ~hows a portion of a water ereatment system including a reverse osmosis unit (RO unit~ having a permeable membrane, and a d~gasifier. Located on the water supply line ~o the inlet of the RO unit is a tank holding a supply of acid that is co~nected by a feed to ~he water supply line. Further along the ~upply line is a pump for creating the high pressure needed ~o operate the RO unit. The RO unit has two outlets, a waste water outlet for removing from ~he unit untreated water (still at high pressure~, and a treated water outlet9 for re~oving water treated by the RO ~nit.
~ :~ fi4.~5~
The degasifier includea a tank that ordinarily, during the process, has a lower portion illed with wat~r and an upper portion free of water. A degasifier inlet is connec~ed by a ¦ conduit to the R0 unit treated water outlet for conveying that I water ~o ~he degasifier. ~n air supply duct leads to the upper portion of the degasifier tank, a filter being located in the duct between the air intake and the tankO An ~duc~or has a low pressur e chamber that is connected to th~ upper tank porti~n by an air I conduit, opposite the air supply connection to the chamber, so that air entering the chamber from the air supply can be swept across the top of water in the tank before being discharged via the eductor. The degasifier includes a recirculating pump connec-ted to an outlet at the bottom of the ~ank for recirculating water in the tank ~o the top of the tank w~ere it can be sprayed through a nozzle into the tank's upper chamber. Said pump might also serve as the distribution pump for the processed water. An outlet for withdrawing degasified water is located at ~he bottom of the tank. Another configuration omits the air inlet and allows the eductor to draw a slight vacuum which reduces the dissolved gases from the purified water in the tank.
~ A principal aspect of the invention is the connection of the eductor to the waste ~ater outlet of the R0 unit. This waste ¦
water is ejected ~rom the R0 unit at a very high pressure. Rather than discarding this energy, the waste water outle~ is connected by ~ eonduit to the educ~or snd the water pressure is use~ to opPrate it.
In the operation o the system, raw water is fed to ~he ~0 unit for treatment. I~ the pH Yalue of the water is too high for non-destructive use of ~he ~0 unit ~embrane (e.g. a pH Yalue exceeding 8.5) or the salts in the water leave scale dep~sits, `I :~ ~4~5~i I
acid is fed to the raw wa~er t:o lower its pH value. For example, raw water havin~ a pH of 8.0 might be fed into the system at a rate of 10 gallons per hour. An acid such as H~S04 would be added to the water from the acid holding tank, reducing the pH-to a S value of approximately 6Ø The pump feeds this wa~er, treated with acid, to the lnlet of the R0 ~ni~, Since the R0 unit needs high pressure water input fvr operation, ~he pump increases ~he water pressur~ to about 200 psi.
As a result, with water enterin~ the RO unit at 10 gph and a pressure of 200 psi, eventually there is a discharge outlet at a rate of 5 gph, and a discharge of waste water at the other discharge outlet at a rate of about 5 gph, and at a pressure of 4~ psi.
The water treated by the RO unit passes through ~he conduit to the intake of the degasifier tank. The acid, H2SO4, added to the water to lower its pH, has resulted in ~he generation of carbon dioxide. The presence of CO2 in the water is, naturally , undesirable. The de~asifier represents a co~mon technique for removing the C02. The C02 in the wa~er brought into the degasifie r tank rises to the surface and occupies the upper portion of the tank that is free of water. The effect is enhanced by recircula-tion of wa~er in the tank by ~he recirculating pump. Water is brought up to the top of the tank and is sprayed through the nozzle in the top of the tank, where the water gives up its C02 content.
The lo~ pressure air chamber ls connected to the upper portion of the tank. It sucks the carbon dioxide that has get~led there ou~ of the tank. The air inlet gives ~ source of air to the upper chamber so ~hat this sweep of ~he upper chamber is possible.
116~1356 Water ~ree of C02 is conveyed out of the tank outlet.
As explained above, the high pressure R0 unit waste water discharge creates in ~he eductor low pressure air chamber a pressure of about -10 psi. This water pressure is available to operate the eductor as soon as the R0 unit itself begins to oper-ate. Therefore there is no delay in s~arting up ~he system.
Treated water for the degasifier leaves the RO unit at the same time that waste water to operate the eductor leaves the RO unit.
The advantage o~ the described embodiment is that it conserves energy that would otherwise be discarded. It encourages the use of acid treatment o~ raw wa~er, to preserve the RO unit membrane, because it makes the use of a degasifier more feasible.
It provides an integrated system that requires no start-up auxiliary steps or temporary inoperability of parts of ~he system:
as soon as water is being brought to the tank for degasi~ication, water (from another source) is being brought to the eductor to operate the degasifier.
The invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or e~sential charac~eristics thereof. The present embodiments are ther~ore to be oonsidered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention bei~g indicated by ~he appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency o~ the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
It is an obje~t of the invention to provide for a reverse osmosis/degasifier in which less energy is required for operation.
Summary of ~he Invention The invention comprises a reverse osmosis unit/
degasifier combination in which the reverse osmosiq unit's waste water outlet is connected to an eductor. The eductor produces a low pressure ~hat sweeps a carbon dioxide degasifier ~o which wa~er treated by the RO unit is eonveyed. The water to opera~e the eductor and the water to be treated by the degasifier operated by the eductor leave the RO unit substantially at the same time so that the power souree (RO unit waste wa~er) is available as soon as the water ~ntering ~he degasifier can use it.
Brief Description of the Drawing Other objects, features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description including the drawing consisting of a single figure showing the system embodying the invention in diagrammatic form.
Description of the Preferred Embodiment The drawing ~hows a portion of a water ereatment system including a reverse osmosis unit (RO unit~ having a permeable membrane, and a d~gasifier. Located on the water supply line ~o the inlet of the RO unit is a tank holding a supply of acid that is co~nected by a feed to ~he water supply line. Further along the ~upply line is a pump for creating the high pressure needed ~o operate the RO unit. The RO unit has two outlets, a waste water outlet for removing from ~he unit untreated water (still at high pressure~, and a treated water outlet9 for re~oving water treated by the RO ~nit.
~ :~ fi4.~5~
The degasifier includea a tank that ordinarily, during the process, has a lower portion illed with wat~r and an upper portion free of water. A degasifier inlet is connec~ed by a ¦ conduit to the R0 unit treated water outlet for conveying that I water ~o ~he degasifier. ~n air supply duct leads to the upper portion of the degasifier tank, a filter being located in the duct between the air intake and the tankO An ~duc~or has a low pressur e chamber that is connected to th~ upper tank porti~n by an air I conduit, opposite the air supply connection to the chamber, so that air entering the chamber from the air supply can be swept across the top of water in the tank before being discharged via the eductor. The degasifier includes a recirculating pump connec-ted to an outlet at the bottom of the ~ank for recirculating water in the tank ~o the top of the tank w~ere it can be sprayed through a nozzle into the tank's upper chamber. Said pump might also serve as the distribution pump for the processed water. An outlet for withdrawing degasified water is located at ~he bottom of the tank. Another configuration omits the air inlet and allows the eductor to draw a slight vacuum which reduces the dissolved gases from the purified water in the tank.
~ A principal aspect of the invention is the connection of the eductor to the waste ~ater outlet of the R0 unit. This waste ¦
water is ejected ~rom the R0 unit at a very high pressure. Rather than discarding this energy, the waste water outle~ is connected by ~ eonduit to the educ~or snd the water pressure is use~ to opPrate it.
In the operation o the system, raw water is fed to ~he ~0 unit for treatment. I~ the pH Yalue of the water is too high for non-destructive use of ~he ~0 unit ~embrane (e.g. a pH Yalue exceeding 8.5) or the salts in the water leave scale dep~sits, `I :~ ~4~5~i I
acid is fed to the raw wa~er t:o lower its pH value. For example, raw water havin~ a pH of 8.0 might be fed into the system at a rate of 10 gallons per hour. An acid such as H~S04 would be added to the water from the acid holding tank, reducing the pH-to a S value of approximately 6Ø The pump feeds this wa~er, treated with acid, to the lnlet of the R0 ~ni~, Since the R0 unit needs high pressure water input fvr operation, ~he pump increases ~he water pressur~ to about 200 psi.
As a result, with water enterin~ the RO unit at 10 gph and a pressure of 200 psi, eventually there is a discharge outlet at a rate of 5 gph, and a discharge of waste water at the other discharge outlet at a rate of about 5 gph, and at a pressure of 4~ psi.
The water treated by the RO unit passes through ~he conduit to the intake of the degasifier tank. The acid, H2SO4, added to the water to lower its pH, has resulted in ~he generation of carbon dioxide. The presence of CO2 in the water is, naturally , undesirable. The de~asifier represents a co~mon technique for removing the C02. The C02 in the wa~er brought into the degasifie r tank rises to the surface and occupies the upper portion of the tank that is free of water. The effect is enhanced by recircula-tion of wa~er in the tank by ~he recirculating pump. Water is brought up to the top of the tank and is sprayed through the nozzle in the top of the tank, where the water gives up its C02 content.
The lo~ pressure air chamber ls connected to the upper portion of the tank. It sucks the carbon dioxide that has get~led there ou~ of the tank. The air inlet gives ~ source of air to the upper chamber so ~hat this sweep of ~he upper chamber is possible.
116~1356 Water ~ree of C02 is conveyed out of the tank outlet.
As explained above, the high pressure R0 unit waste water discharge creates in ~he eductor low pressure air chamber a pressure of about -10 psi. This water pressure is available to operate the eductor as soon as the R0 unit itself begins to oper-ate. Therefore there is no delay in s~arting up ~he system.
Treated water for the degasifier leaves the RO unit at the same time that waste water to operate the eductor leaves the RO unit.
The advantage o~ the described embodiment is that it conserves energy that would otherwise be discarded. It encourages the use of acid treatment o~ raw wa~er, to preserve the RO unit membrane, because it makes the use of a degasifier more feasible.
It provides an integrated system that requires no start-up auxiliary steps or temporary inoperability of parts of ~he system:
as soon as water is being brought to the tank for degasi~ication, water (from another source) is being brought to the eductor to operate the degasifier.
The invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or e~sential charac~eristics thereof. The present embodiments are ther~ore to be oonsidered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention bei~g indicated by ~he appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency o~ the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (2)
1. A reverse osmosis membrane unit and degasifier system comprising:
a reverse osmosis unit having an inlet, an outlet for water passed through the reverse osmosis membrane, and an outlet for waste water;
a carbon dioxide degasifier having an inlet for receiving said passed water and means for degasifying said water, said degasifying means responsive to a source of low pressure;
an eductor means for producing low pressure in response to a flow of liquid;
means for conveying said waste water from said RO unit to said eductor means for producing low pressure; and means for connecting said low pressure to degasifier.
a reverse osmosis unit having an inlet, an outlet for water passed through the reverse osmosis membrane, and an outlet for waste water;
a carbon dioxide degasifier having an inlet for receiving said passed water and means for degasifying said water, said degasifying means responsive to a source of low pressure;
an eductor means for producing low pressure in response to a flow of liquid;
means for conveying said waste water from said RO unit to said eductor means for producing low pressure; and means for connecting said low pressure to degasifier.
2. A method of degasifying water passed through the reverse osmosis membrane of an RO unit, comprising the steps of:
providing a degasifier having an inlet for receiving water to be degasified and a low pressure chamber for removing gas from said degasifier;
conveying the output of said RO unit to said degasifier providing an eductor for producing low pressure in response to a flow of liquid;
conveying the waste water from said RO unit to said eductor to produce low pressure in said eductor in response to the flow of waste water; and connecting said eductor to said degasifier low pressure chamber.
providing a degasifier having an inlet for receiving water to be degasified and a low pressure chamber for removing gas from said degasifier;
conveying the output of said RO unit to said degasifier providing an eductor for producing low pressure in response to a flow of liquid;
conveying the waste water from said RO unit to said eductor to produce low pressure in said eductor in response to the flow of waste water; and connecting said eductor to said degasifier low pressure chamber.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US16133980A | 1980-06-20 | 1980-06-20 | |
| US161,339 | 1980-06-20 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1164356A true CA1164356A (en) | 1984-03-27 |
Family
ID=22580796
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000380331A Expired CA1164356A (en) | 1980-06-20 | 1981-06-22 | Reverse osmosis unit-degasifier system |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1164356A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2078133B (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EG18243A (en) * | 1985-12-10 | 1992-09-30 | Albany Int Corp | Osmosis membrane system |
| JP2557346B2 (en) * | 1986-05-21 | 1996-11-27 | オルガノ株式会社 | Water treatment equipment |
| DE3941131C1 (en) * | 1989-12-13 | 1991-05-08 | Fresenius Ag, 6380 Bad Homburg, De | |
| US20020153319A1 (en) | 1997-08-12 | 2002-10-24 | Debasish Mukhopadhyay | Method and apparatus for high efficiency reverse osmosis operation |
| US8758720B2 (en) | 1996-08-12 | 2014-06-24 | Debasish Mukhopadhyay | High purity water produced by reverse osmosis |
| NL2017087B1 (en) | 2016-07-01 | 2018-01-19 | Spiro Entpr Bv | Gas separator |
-
1981
- 1981-06-11 GB GB8117972A patent/GB2078133B/en not_active Expired
- 1981-06-22 CA CA000380331A patent/CA1164356A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2078133B (en) | 1983-09-21 |
| GB2078133A (en) | 1982-01-06 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry | ||
| MKEX | Expiry |
Effective date: 20010327 |