CA1154206A - Fabric softening composition - Google Patents
Fabric softening compositionInfo
- Publication number
- CA1154206A CA1154206A CA000350155A CA350155A CA1154206A CA 1154206 A CA1154206 A CA 1154206A CA 000350155 A CA000350155 A CA 000350155A CA 350155 A CA350155 A CA 350155A CA 1154206 A CA1154206 A CA 1154206A
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- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- alkyl
- water
- mono
- alkenyl
- weight
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
- C11D3/001—Softening compositions
- C11D3/0015—Softening compositions liquid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
- C11D1/62—Quaternary ammonium compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/18—Hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/2093—Esters; Carbonates
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/02—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with hydrocarbons
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
- D06M13/224—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic acid
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
- D06M13/46—Compounds containing quaternary nitrogen atoms
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
A fabric softening composition comprises a water-insoluble cationic fabric softener, a water-soluble cationic or nonionic surfactant and a hydrophobic adjunct which is either a non-cyclic hydrocarbon or a fatty acid ester of a monohydric alcohol. The composition is in the form of a dispersion of anisotropic softener phase in an isotropic aqueous surfactant solution phase. The composition has improved softening effectiveness combined with good phase stability and low viscosity.
A fabric softening composition comprises a water-insoluble cationic fabric softener, a water-soluble cationic or nonionic surfactant and a hydrophobic adjunct which is either a non-cyclic hydrocarbon or a fatty acid ester of a monohydric alcohol. The composition is in the form of a dispersion of anisotropic softener phase in an isotropic aqueous surfactant solution phase. The composition has improved softening effectiveness combined with good phase stability and low viscosity.
Description
FABRIC SOFTENING COMPOSITION
This invention relates to fabric softening composi-tions and, in particular, to compositions in aqueous medium having improved softening effectiveness combined with excellent physical characteristics~ especially formulation stability.
Conventional rinse-added fabric softening compositions contain fabric softening agents which are substantially water-insoluble cationi¢ materials usually having two long alkyl chains. Typical of such materials are di-stearyl di-methyl ammonium chloride and imidazolinium compounds substituted with two stearyl groups. The e materials are normally prepared in the form of an aqueous dispersion or emulsion, and it is g~enerally not possible to prepare such aqueous dispersions with more than about 6~ of cationic material without taking special precautions to ensure acceptable viscosity and stability character-istics. Indeed, with cationic levels in excess of about 8% the problems of phy~ical instability and high viscosity become, in the case of conventional fabric softening products, almost intractable. This, of course, limits the level of softening perormance achievable with conventional cOmpOSitiQnS without using excessive amounts of product, and also adds substantially to distributiQn and packaging costs, because of the need to market such dilute solutions of the active ingredient.
One approach which has been taken to improve the softening performanee of cationie fabric softeners has been via the incorporation of certain fatty or oily materials in the softener aetive system~ While these adjunct materials have little intrinsie softening eapability in their own right, they are apparently effective in extending the performance of conventional cationic softening materials, both in concentrated and normal softener compositions so that the cost-effeetive-ness of these compositions is considerably improved.
Moreover, by incorporating relatively high proportions of the oily adjunct materials in relation to the eationic softener, and by adding thereto relatively high propor-tions of a water-soluble cationic surfactant in relation to the eationic softener, eoncentrated softening compos-itions can be prepared containing a high total level of aetive softening materials. Reference is made to U.S.
Patent No. 4,155,855 and Belgian Patent No. 868,93~, both of whieh are relevant to this general approaeh.
Formulations prepared in this mannerl however, are still not entirely satisfaetory. Thus, while sueh compos-itions do allow a high eoneentration of active ingredient, the level of softness benefit delivered by sueh compos-itions on a unit aetive weight basis is still mueh lower than for eonventional dilute produets and problems of physieal formulation eharaeteristies, espeeially phase stability and also viscosity, still remain. Indeed, phase stability remains a problem even in the case of dilute softener eompositions formulated in the manner of the above prior art referenees.
~5~
Other approaches have also been ~aken for improving the physical characteristics of softener compositions of course. Thus, it is generally known (for example in U.S.
Patent No. 3,681l241) that the presence of ionizable salts in concentrated compositions do help reduce viscosity, but ~hese materials do not offer the additional benefit of enhancing the softening performance of the compositions.
More importantly, the quantity of ioni7able salts required ~or significant viscosity reduction is found to be gener-ally deleterious in terms of product stabi:Lity. Dutch patent application no. 6706178 published November 4, 1968 relates to viscosity control in fabric softening compos-itions with up to 12% of cationic softener, and suggests the use of low molecular weight hydrocarbons for this purpose, while German patent application no. 25 03 026 published July 29, 1976 discloses a complex softener/
disinfectant composition in which a long chain fatty alcohol is suggested as a solubiliæation aid. Finally, U.S. Patent No. 3,793,196 describes an improved viscosity softening agent in the form of an oil-in-water emulsion comprising a cationic surface active agent, a higher fatty alcohol, a sorbitan fatty acid ester and a polyethoxylated nonionic surfactant.
The present invention accordingly provides a fabric softening composition having improved softening character-istics and cost-effectiveness combined with excellent physical characteristics, especially phase stability, freeze-thaw behaviour and low viscosity; and it further provides a concentrated fabric softening composition having satisfactory characteristics for consumer use, based on cationic fabric softener as the major active component.
According to the present invention, there is provided an aqueous fabric softening composition characterized by:-(a) from 2% to 22% by weight of a ~ater-insoluble cationic fabric sofkener, (b) from 0.05~ to 8% by weight of a water-soluble cationic or nonionic surfactant or mixture thereof, and (c) from 0025% to 15% by weight o a ClO-C40 non-cyclic hydrocarbon, or of a fatty acid ester of a monohydric alcohol, said ester having a total of 10 to 40 carbon atoms, or of a mixture thereof, wherein the weight ratio of (a) to (b) is in the range from 100:1 to 5:2, and the weight ratio of (a) to (c~
is in the range from 20:1 to 5:4.
The physical form of the composition is that of a dispersion of an anisotropic softener phase in an a~ueous isotropic surfactant solution phase. The physical form is simply determined under a polarizing microscopa. The anisotropic/isotropic phase sys~em is highly important for achieving optimum viscosi~y, stability, sotening and other textile benefits.
The water insoluble cationic fabric softener is preferably a di-C12-C24 alkyl or alkenyl 'on:ium salt, especially a mono- or polyammonium salt, an :imidazolinium salt or a mixture of such salts. Highly preferred are mono-quaternary ammonium salts, imidaz~linium salts and mixtures thereof.
The water-soluble cationic surfactant is preferably a mono~C8 24 alkyl or alkenyl 'onium salt, especially a mono- or polyammonium salt, an imidazolinium salt, a pyridinium salt or a mixture of such salts. Highly preferred are mono-quaternary ammonium salts, imida~olinium salts and mixtures thereo.
The preferred water-soluble nonionic surfactant has the general formula RO(CH2CH20)nH wherein R is a C~ 20 alkyl or alkenyl group, and n is from 2 to about 100.
~1 :1~54~
From the point o~ view of optimum product stability and viscosity and softening performance, ~he weight ratio of water-insoluble cationic to water-soluhle cationic and/or nonionic surfactant, falls preferably in the range from about 20:1 to about 4:1, especially from about 15:1 to about 6:1. The weight ratio of the cationic softener to the hydrophobic adjunct, on the other hand, preferably falls in the range from about 8:1 to about 2:1. In terms of level, compositions of the invention preferably comprise from about 0.1% to about 6% of the water-soluble cationic and/or nonionic surfactant, from about 0.5% to about 6% of the non-cyclic hydrocarbon and from 0~ to about 6% of the fatty acid ester.
In the present speci~ication, percentage figures given for components in a composition refer ~o the weight percent of that component in the composition.
With regard to the hydro~hobic adjunct, highly preferred materials are C12-C2~, especially C12-C20 paraffins or paraffin mixtures, esters of C12-C24 fatty acids with monohydric alaohols having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and mixtures of these paraffin and fatty acid ester materials in a 3:1 to 1:3 weight ratio.
At lower concentrations of water-insoluble cationic softener, less than about 6% by wei~ht, it is pre~erred to include relatively low levels of water-soluble surfactant in relation to the insoluble sotener for achieving optimum stability and viscosity, while at higher concentrations of water insoluble cationic softener, greater than about 12% by weight, it is desirable to include relatively high levels of water-soluble surfactant in relation to the insoluble softener. ~hus, there are three highly preferred executions:
(A) A composition comprising:-(a) from 2% to 6% by weight of a water-insoluble di-C12-C24 alkyl or alkenyl mono-quaternary (b) from 0.05 to 1% by weight of a ~ater-soluble cationic surfactant which is:-(i) a mono~C8-C24 alkyl or alkenyl mono-quaternary salt, (ii) a mono-C8-C24 alkyl or alkenyl imidazolinium salt, or (iii) a mixture thereof, and (c) from 0.25% to 3% by weight of a C12-C24 paraffin or paraffin mixture, wherein the weight ratio o (a) ~o (b) is in the range rom 20:1 to 4:1 and the wei~ht ratio of (a~
to (c) is in the range from 5:1 to 2:1.
(B) A composition comprising:-(a) from 6% ~o 12% by weight of a water~
insoluble cationic fabric softener whic:h is a mixture o~:-(i) a di-C12-C24 alkyl or alkenyl mono-quaternary ammonium salt, and (ii) a di C12 C24 alkyl or 1 Y
imidazolinium s?lt, wherein the ratio of (i) to (ii) is in the range from 1:6 to 1:1, (b) from 0.5 to 6% by weight of a water-soluble cationic surfactant which is:-(i) a mono-C8-~24 alkyl or alkenyl mono-quaternary ammonium salt, (ii) a mono-C8-C24 alkyl or alkenyL
imidazolinium salt, or ;.
(iii) a mixture thereo, and (c) from 1% to 6% by weight of a C12-C24 pre~er-ably C12-C20 para~fin or paraffin mixture, wherein the weight ratio o ta) to (b) is in the range from 10:1 to 5:2, and the weight ratio o (a) to (c) is in the range from 5:1 to 5:2; and (C) A composition compr~sing (a) from 12% to 22% of a water-insoluble di-Cl2-C24 alkyl or alkenyl imidazolinium salt, (b) from 2~ to 8% of a water-soluble cationic surfactant which is:-(i) a mono-CB-C~4 alkyl or alkenyl mono-quaternary ammonium salt, (ii) a mono-C8-C24 alkyl or alkenyl imidazolinium salt, or (iii) a mixture thereof, and (c) from 6% to 12% of a 3:1 to 1:3 mixture of:-(i) a Cl2-C24 preerably Cl2-C20 paraffin or paraffin mixture, and (ii) an ester of a C12-C2~ fatty acid with a Cl-C8 monohydric alcohol.
wherein the weight ratio of (a) to (b) is in the range from 4:1 to 5:2, and the weight ratio of (a) to (c) is in the range rom 7:2 to 5:4.
Compositions of the invention thus comprise three essential ingredients, a water-insoluble cationic fabric sotener, a water-soluble cationic and/or nonionic sur-factant an~ a hydrophobic adjunct selected from ClO-C40 non-cyclic hydrocarbons and fatty acid ester, the water soluble surfactant and the hydrophobic adjunct acting in combination to provide compositions of optimum viscosity and stability. The essential components will now be discussed in detail.
The Cationic ~abric Softener The water-insoluble cationic fabric softener can be any fabric-substantive cationic compound which, in pure form as a strong acid salt (e.g. chloxide), has a solubility in distilled water at p~ 2.5 and 20C of less than lg/l, or can be a mixture of such compounds In this context, the soluble fraction of the surfactant is taken to be that material which cannot be separated from water by centrifugal action and which passes a lOOnm Nuclepore ;~
filter (Registered Trade Mark). Preferred materials are di-C12-C24 alkyl or alkenyl 'onium salts, especially mono- and poly-ammonium salts, and imidazolinium salts.
Optionally, the two long chain alkyl or alkenyl groups may be substituted or interrupted by functional groups such as -OH, -O-, CONH-, -COO-, etc.
Well known species of substantially water-insoluble mono-ammonium compounds are the quaternary ammonium compounds having the formula:-Rl / 3 +
// \ X
wherein Rl and R2 represent alkyl or alkenyl groups offrom about 12 to about 24 carbon atoms, R3 and R4 repre-sent alkyl, alkenyl or hydroxyalkyl groups containingfrom 1 to about 4 carbon atoms; and X is the salt counter-anion, preferably selected from hali~e, methyl sulfate and ethyl sulfate radicals. Representative examples of these ~uaternary softeners include ditallow dimethyl ammonium chloride; ditallow dimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate; dihexadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride; di (hydrogenated tallow alkyl) dimethyl ammonium chloride;
dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride; dieicosyl dimethyl ammonium chloride; dido¢osyl dimethyl ammonium chloride; di(hydrogenated tallow) dimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate; dihexadecyl diethyl ammonium chloride; di(coconut alkyl) dimethyl ammonium chloride and di(coconut alkyl~ dimethyl ammonium methosulfate.
Of these ditallow dimethyl ammonium chloride and di (hydrogenated tallow alkyl) dimethyl ammonium chloride are preferred.
Another preferred class of water-insoluble cationic materials are the alkyl imidazolinium salts believed to have the formula:-CH2 - - CE~2 o i +N N - C2H4- I C 7 R6 F Rg wherein R6 is an alkyl containing from l to 4, preferably 1 or 2 carbon atoms, R7 is an alkyl containing from 12 to 24 carbon atoms, R8 is an a}kyl containing from 12 to 24 carbon atoms r and Rg is hydrogen or an alkyl containiny from 1 to 4 carbon atoms and X is the salt countex-anion, preferably a halide, methosulfate or ethosul~ate.
Preferred imidazolinium sal~s include 3-methyl~l-(tallowylamido) ethyl -2-tallowy1-4,5-dihydroimidazo-linium methosulfate and 3-methyl-l-(palmitoylamido)ethyl
This invention relates to fabric softening composi-tions and, in particular, to compositions in aqueous medium having improved softening effectiveness combined with excellent physical characteristics~ especially formulation stability.
Conventional rinse-added fabric softening compositions contain fabric softening agents which are substantially water-insoluble cationi¢ materials usually having two long alkyl chains. Typical of such materials are di-stearyl di-methyl ammonium chloride and imidazolinium compounds substituted with two stearyl groups. The e materials are normally prepared in the form of an aqueous dispersion or emulsion, and it is g~enerally not possible to prepare such aqueous dispersions with more than about 6~ of cationic material without taking special precautions to ensure acceptable viscosity and stability character-istics. Indeed, with cationic levels in excess of about 8% the problems of phy~ical instability and high viscosity become, in the case of conventional fabric softening products, almost intractable. This, of course, limits the level of softening perormance achievable with conventional cOmpOSitiQnS without using excessive amounts of product, and also adds substantially to distributiQn and packaging costs, because of the need to market such dilute solutions of the active ingredient.
One approach which has been taken to improve the softening performanee of cationie fabric softeners has been via the incorporation of certain fatty or oily materials in the softener aetive system~ While these adjunct materials have little intrinsie softening eapability in their own right, they are apparently effective in extending the performance of conventional cationic softening materials, both in concentrated and normal softener compositions so that the cost-effeetive-ness of these compositions is considerably improved.
Moreover, by incorporating relatively high proportions of the oily adjunct materials in relation to the eationic softener, and by adding thereto relatively high propor-tions of a water-soluble cationic surfactant in relation to the eationic softener, eoncentrated softening compos-itions can be prepared containing a high total level of aetive softening materials. Reference is made to U.S.
Patent No. 4,155,855 and Belgian Patent No. 868,93~, both of whieh are relevant to this general approaeh.
Formulations prepared in this mannerl however, are still not entirely satisfaetory. Thus, while sueh compos-itions do allow a high eoneentration of active ingredient, the level of softness benefit delivered by sueh compos-itions on a unit aetive weight basis is still mueh lower than for eonventional dilute produets and problems of physieal formulation eharaeteristies, espeeially phase stability and also viscosity, still remain. Indeed, phase stability remains a problem even in the case of dilute softener eompositions formulated in the manner of the above prior art referenees.
~5~
Other approaches have also been ~aken for improving the physical characteristics of softener compositions of course. Thus, it is generally known (for example in U.S.
Patent No. 3,681l241) that the presence of ionizable salts in concentrated compositions do help reduce viscosity, but ~hese materials do not offer the additional benefit of enhancing the softening performance of the compositions.
More importantly, the quantity of ioni7able salts required ~or significant viscosity reduction is found to be gener-ally deleterious in terms of product stabi:Lity. Dutch patent application no. 6706178 published November 4, 1968 relates to viscosity control in fabric softening compos-itions with up to 12% of cationic softener, and suggests the use of low molecular weight hydrocarbons for this purpose, while German patent application no. 25 03 026 published July 29, 1976 discloses a complex softener/
disinfectant composition in which a long chain fatty alcohol is suggested as a solubiliæation aid. Finally, U.S. Patent No. 3,793,196 describes an improved viscosity softening agent in the form of an oil-in-water emulsion comprising a cationic surface active agent, a higher fatty alcohol, a sorbitan fatty acid ester and a polyethoxylated nonionic surfactant.
The present invention accordingly provides a fabric softening composition having improved softening character-istics and cost-effectiveness combined with excellent physical characteristics, especially phase stability, freeze-thaw behaviour and low viscosity; and it further provides a concentrated fabric softening composition having satisfactory characteristics for consumer use, based on cationic fabric softener as the major active component.
According to the present invention, there is provided an aqueous fabric softening composition characterized by:-(a) from 2% to 22% by weight of a ~ater-insoluble cationic fabric sofkener, (b) from 0.05~ to 8% by weight of a water-soluble cationic or nonionic surfactant or mixture thereof, and (c) from 0025% to 15% by weight o a ClO-C40 non-cyclic hydrocarbon, or of a fatty acid ester of a monohydric alcohol, said ester having a total of 10 to 40 carbon atoms, or of a mixture thereof, wherein the weight ratio of (a) to (b) is in the range from 100:1 to 5:2, and the weight ratio of (a) to (c~
is in the range from 20:1 to 5:4.
The physical form of the composition is that of a dispersion of an anisotropic softener phase in an a~ueous isotropic surfactant solution phase. The physical form is simply determined under a polarizing microscopa. The anisotropic/isotropic phase sys~em is highly important for achieving optimum viscosi~y, stability, sotening and other textile benefits.
The water insoluble cationic fabric softener is preferably a di-C12-C24 alkyl or alkenyl 'on:ium salt, especially a mono- or polyammonium salt, an :imidazolinium salt or a mixture of such salts. Highly preferred are mono-quaternary ammonium salts, imidaz~linium salts and mixtures thereof.
The water-soluble cationic surfactant is preferably a mono~C8 24 alkyl or alkenyl 'onium salt, especially a mono- or polyammonium salt, an imidazolinium salt, a pyridinium salt or a mixture of such salts. Highly preferred are mono-quaternary ammonium salts, imida~olinium salts and mixtures thereo.
The preferred water-soluble nonionic surfactant has the general formula RO(CH2CH20)nH wherein R is a C~ 20 alkyl or alkenyl group, and n is from 2 to about 100.
~1 :1~54~
From the point o~ view of optimum product stability and viscosity and softening performance, ~he weight ratio of water-insoluble cationic to water-soluhle cationic and/or nonionic surfactant, falls preferably in the range from about 20:1 to about 4:1, especially from about 15:1 to about 6:1. The weight ratio of the cationic softener to the hydrophobic adjunct, on the other hand, preferably falls in the range from about 8:1 to about 2:1. In terms of level, compositions of the invention preferably comprise from about 0.1% to about 6% of the water-soluble cationic and/or nonionic surfactant, from about 0.5% to about 6% of the non-cyclic hydrocarbon and from 0~ to about 6% of the fatty acid ester.
In the present speci~ication, percentage figures given for components in a composition refer ~o the weight percent of that component in the composition.
With regard to the hydro~hobic adjunct, highly preferred materials are C12-C2~, especially C12-C20 paraffins or paraffin mixtures, esters of C12-C24 fatty acids with monohydric alaohols having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and mixtures of these paraffin and fatty acid ester materials in a 3:1 to 1:3 weight ratio.
At lower concentrations of water-insoluble cationic softener, less than about 6% by wei~ht, it is pre~erred to include relatively low levels of water-soluble surfactant in relation to the insoluble sotener for achieving optimum stability and viscosity, while at higher concentrations of water insoluble cationic softener, greater than about 12% by weight, it is desirable to include relatively high levels of water-soluble surfactant in relation to the insoluble softener. ~hus, there are three highly preferred executions:
(A) A composition comprising:-(a) from 2% to 6% by weight of a water-insoluble di-C12-C24 alkyl or alkenyl mono-quaternary (b) from 0.05 to 1% by weight of a ~ater-soluble cationic surfactant which is:-(i) a mono~C8-C24 alkyl or alkenyl mono-quaternary salt, (ii) a mono-C8-C24 alkyl or alkenyl imidazolinium salt, or (iii) a mixture thereof, and (c) from 0.25% to 3% by weight of a C12-C24 paraffin or paraffin mixture, wherein the weight ratio o (a) ~o (b) is in the range rom 20:1 to 4:1 and the wei~ht ratio of (a~
to (c) is in the range from 5:1 to 2:1.
(B) A composition comprising:-(a) from 6% ~o 12% by weight of a water~
insoluble cationic fabric softener whic:h is a mixture o~:-(i) a di-C12-C24 alkyl or alkenyl mono-quaternary ammonium salt, and (ii) a di C12 C24 alkyl or 1 Y
imidazolinium s?lt, wherein the ratio of (i) to (ii) is in the range from 1:6 to 1:1, (b) from 0.5 to 6% by weight of a water-soluble cationic surfactant which is:-(i) a mono-C8-~24 alkyl or alkenyl mono-quaternary ammonium salt, (ii) a mono-C8-C24 alkyl or alkenyL
imidazolinium salt, or ;.
(iii) a mixture thereo, and (c) from 1% to 6% by weight of a C12-C24 pre~er-ably C12-C20 para~fin or paraffin mixture, wherein the weight ratio o ta) to (b) is in the range from 10:1 to 5:2, and the weight ratio o (a) to (c) is in the range from 5:1 to 5:2; and (C) A composition compr~sing (a) from 12% to 22% of a water-insoluble di-Cl2-C24 alkyl or alkenyl imidazolinium salt, (b) from 2~ to 8% of a water-soluble cationic surfactant which is:-(i) a mono-CB-C~4 alkyl or alkenyl mono-quaternary ammonium salt, (ii) a mono-C8-C24 alkyl or alkenyl imidazolinium salt, or (iii) a mixture thereof, and (c) from 6% to 12% of a 3:1 to 1:3 mixture of:-(i) a Cl2-C24 preerably Cl2-C20 paraffin or paraffin mixture, and (ii) an ester of a C12-C2~ fatty acid with a Cl-C8 monohydric alcohol.
wherein the weight ratio of (a) to (b) is in the range from 4:1 to 5:2, and the weight ratio of (a) to (c) is in the range rom 7:2 to 5:4.
Compositions of the invention thus comprise three essential ingredients, a water-insoluble cationic fabric sotener, a water-soluble cationic and/or nonionic sur-factant an~ a hydrophobic adjunct selected from ClO-C40 non-cyclic hydrocarbons and fatty acid ester, the water soluble surfactant and the hydrophobic adjunct acting in combination to provide compositions of optimum viscosity and stability. The essential components will now be discussed in detail.
The Cationic ~abric Softener The water-insoluble cationic fabric softener can be any fabric-substantive cationic compound which, in pure form as a strong acid salt (e.g. chloxide), has a solubility in distilled water at p~ 2.5 and 20C of less than lg/l, or can be a mixture of such compounds In this context, the soluble fraction of the surfactant is taken to be that material which cannot be separated from water by centrifugal action and which passes a lOOnm Nuclepore ;~
filter (Registered Trade Mark). Preferred materials are di-C12-C24 alkyl or alkenyl 'onium salts, especially mono- and poly-ammonium salts, and imidazolinium salts.
Optionally, the two long chain alkyl or alkenyl groups may be substituted or interrupted by functional groups such as -OH, -O-, CONH-, -COO-, etc.
Well known species of substantially water-insoluble mono-ammonium compounds are the quaternary ammonium compounds having the formula:-Rl / 3 +
// \ X
wherein Rl and R2 represent alkyl or alkenyl groups offrom about 12 to about 24 carbon atoms, R3 and R4 repre-sent alkyl, alkenyl or hydroxyalkyl groups containingfrom 1 to about 4 carbon atoms; and X is the salt counter-anion, preferably selected from hali~e, methyl sulfate and ethyl sulfate radicals. Representative examples of these ~uaternary softeners include ditallow dimethyl ammonium chloride; ditallow dimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate; dihexadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride; di (hydrogenated tallow alkyl) dimethyl ammonium chloride;
dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride; dieicosyl dimethyl ammonium chloride; dido¢osyl dimethyl ammonium chloride; di(hydrogenated tallow) dimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate; dihexadecyl diethyl ammonium chloride; di(coconut alkyl) dimethyl ammonium chloride and di(coconut alkyl~ dimethyl ammonium methosulfate.
Of these ditallow dimethyl ammonium chloride and di (hydrogenated tallow alkyl) dimethyl ammonium chloride are preferred.
Another preferred class of water-insoluble cationic materials are the alkyl imidazolinium salts believed to have the formula:-CH2 - - CE~2 o i +N N - C2H4- I C 7 R6 F Rg wherein R6 is an alkyl containing from l to 4, preferably 1 or 2 carbon atoms, R7 is an alkyl containing from 12 to 24 carbon atoms, R8 is an a}kyl containing from 12 to 24 carbon atoms r and Rg is hydrogen or an alkyl containiny from 1 to 4 carbon atoms and X is the salt countex-anion, preferably a halide, methosulfate or ethosul~ate.
Preferred imidazolinium sal~s include 3-methyl~l-(tallowylamido) ethyl -2-tallowy1-4,5-dihydroimidazo-linium methosulfate and 3-methyl-l-(palmitoylamido)ethyl
-2- octadecyl-4,5-dihydroimidazolinium chloride. Other useful imidazolinium materials are 2-heptadecyl-3 methyl-1-(2-stearylamido)-ethyl-4, 5-dihydroimidazolinium chloride and 2-lauryl-3-hydroxyethyl-1-(oleylamido)ethyl-4,5-dihydro imidazolinium chloride. Also suitable herein are the imidazolinium fabric softening components of U.S. Patent No. 4,127,489.
~15~
In the present invention, the water-insoluble cationic softener is present at a level of at least about 2~; below this level r the volume of product required to provide an acceptable level of softness benefit becomes excessively large. For softener levels in the range of a~out 2% to about 6%, there is, of course, generally no difficulty in preparing produc~s of conventional type with the necessary low viscosity and good stability by adding, for instance, a low level of calcium chloride. For corresponding products based on mixed cationic/hydro-carbon or ester softeners, however, product stability and viscosity become a problem and the overall aim is to adjust the levels of the softening and surfactant components within the prescribed limits ~o provide products which are stable to separa~ion in a centrifuge at 3000 r.p.m. for 16 hours and which have a viscosity of less than about 350 cp, preferably less than about 150 cp measured in a Brookfield Viscometer, using Spindle No. 2 at 60 r.p.m~ and at 21C. The maximum level of cationic softener in the present formulations is determined by practical considerations; thus, above a cationic softener level of 22~ the problems of physical stability and product viscosity are such that it is not ~eneralLy possible to formulate stable pourable emulsions based on water-insoluble cationic softener as the major sotening component.
The Water-Soluble Surfactant The water-soluble surfactarlt is a sationic or nonionic surfactant having a solubility in distill,ed water at pH
2.5 and 20C of greater than lg/l. Once again, the solubility of the cationi~ surfa~tant is defined with reference to the pure material in the form of a strong acid salt ~e.g. chloride~, ~nd the soluble fraction of the ~, 4~
surfactant is taken to be that material which cannot be separated from water by centrifugal action and which passes a lOOnm Nuclepore filter.
Preferred water-soluble cationic surfactants are mono-C8-C24 alkyl or alkenyl ammonium salts, imidazolinium salts, pyridinium sal~s and mixtures thereof.
Suitable water-soluble mono-ammonium compounds have the general formula:
_ _ R5 / 7 ~
N X
~R6 R8_ ~
wherein ~5 represents a C8-C24 alkyl or alkenyl group, ,.
~ !
~15'~Z(~
R6 represents hydrogen, a Cl-C12 alkyl, alkenyl or hydroxyalkyl group, an aryl group, a Cl 6 alkylaryl group, or a poly(ethylene oxide) group having from 2 to 20 ethylene oxide units~ R7, R8 individually represent hydro~
gen, a Cl-C4 alkyl, alkenyl or hydroxyalkyl group or a poly~ethylene oxide) group having ~rom 2 ~o 20 ethylene oxide units and X is as defined above.
Highly preferred materials of this general type include the tallow trimethyl ammonium salts, cetyl tri-methyl ammonium salts, myristyl trimethyl ammonium salts,coconutalkyl trimethyl ammonium salts, stearyl dimethyl ammonium salts, cetyl dimethyl ammonium salts, myristyl dimethyl ammonium salts, coconutalkyl dimethyl ammonium salts, oleyl methyl ammonium salts, palmityl methyl ammonium salts, myristyl methyl ammonium salts, lauryl methyl ammonium salts, dodecyl dimethyl hydroxyethyl ammonium salts, dodecyl dimethyl hydroxypropyl ammonium salts, myristyl dimethyl hydroxyethyl ammonium salts, dodecyl dimethyl dioxyethylenyl ammonium salts, myristyl benzyl hydroxyethyl methyl ammonium salts r coconutalkyl benzyl hydroxyethyl methyl ammonium salts, dodecyl dihydroxyethyl methyl ammonium salts, cetyl dihydroxyethyl methyl ammonium salts, and s~earyl dihydroxyethyl methyl ammonium salts.
~ighly ~referred water-soluble imidazolinium materials are represented by the general formula +l ~ ~ / N- - C2H4 MH- - ~Rg X
or acids salts thereof, ~, wherein R6, R7, R8, Rg and X were defined earlier.
Preferred imidazolinium salts of this general formula include the compound in which R6 is methyl, R8 is tallowyl and Rg is hydrogen and the compound in which R6 is methyl, R8 is palmitoyl and Rg is hydrogen.
Highly preferred water-soluble polyammonium cation materials are represented by the general formula:
t ( 2)n o Rlo Rlo m wherein Rll is selected from an alkyl or alkenyl group having from 12 to 24, preferably from 16 to 20 carbon atoms in the alk(en)yl chain, RllCO~ and Rll O-(CH2~n-;
each Rlo is independently selected from hydrogen, (C H O) H -(C3H6o)qH~ ~(C2H4O)r(c3H6o~s ' 1-3 group and the group -(CH2)n-N(R')2, wherein R' is selected from hydroyen, -(C2H4O)pH, -(C2H4O)pH~ -(C2HGIO)p(C3H6O)qH
and Cl 3 alkyl; n is an integer from 2 to 6, preferably 2 or 3; m is an integer from 1 to 5, preferably 1 or 2;
p,q,r, and s are each a number such that the total p~+r~s in the molecule does not exceed 25 (preferably, each p and q is 1 or 2 and each r and s is 1); and X represents one or more anions having total charge balancing that of the nitrogen atoms.
Preferred water-soluble cationic materials are alkoxylated and contain not more than one -C2H~OH or -C3H6OH group attached to each nitrogen atom, except that up to two of these groups can be attached to a terminal nitrogen atom which is not substituted by an alkyl group having ~rom 10 to 24 carbon atoms.
~5~`3~;
Polyamine species suitable for use herein include:
N-tallowyl,N,N',N'-tris~2-hydroxyethyl)l, 3-pxopanediamine di-hydrochloride or dibenzoate;
N-soybean alkyl 1,3-propane diammonium sulfate;
N-stearyl~N~N~-di~2-hydroxyethyl)-Nl-~3-hydroxypropyl) 1,3-propanediamine dihydrofloride;
N-cocoyl N,N,N',N',N'-pentamethyl-1,3-propane diammonium dichloride or di-methosulfate;
N-oleyl N,N',N'-tris (3-hydroxypropyl)-1,3-propanediamine dihydrofluoride;
N-stearyl N,N',N'-tris(2-hydroxyethyl) N,N'-dimethyl-l,
~15~
In the present invention, the water-insoluble cationic softener is present at a level of at least about 2~; below this level r the volume of product required to provide an acceptable level of softness benefit becomes excessively large. For softener levels in the range of a~out 2% to about 6%, there is, of course, generally no difficulty in preparing produc~s of conventional type with the necessary low viscosity and good stability by adding, for instance, a low level of calcium chloride. For corresponding products based on mixed cationic/hydro-carbon or ester softeners, however, product stability and viscosity become a problem and the overall aim is to adjust the levels of the softening and surfactant components within the prescribed limits ~o provide products which are stable to separa~ion in a centrifuge at 3000 r.p.m. for 16 hours and which have a viscosity of less than about 350 cp, preferably less than about 150 cp measured in a Brookfield Viscometer, using Spindle No. 2 at 60 r.p.m~ and at 21C. The maximum level of cationic softener in the present formulations is determined by practical considerations; thus, above a cationic softener level of 22~ the problems of physical stability and product viscosity are such that it is not ~eneralLy possible to formulate stable pourable emulsions based on water-insoluble cationic softener as the major sotening component.
The Water-Soluble Surfactant The water-soluble surfactarlt is a sationic or nonionic surfactant having a solubility in distill,ed water at pH
2.5 and 20C of greater than lg/l. Once again, the solubility of the cationi~ surfa~tant is defined with reference to the pure material in the form of a strong acid salt ~e.g. chloride~, ~nd the soluble fraction of the ~, 4~
surfactant is taken to be that material which cannot be separated from water by centrifugal action and which passes a lOOnm Nuclepore filter.
Preferred water-soluble cationic surfactants are mono-C8-C24 alkyl or alkenyl ammonium salts, imidazolinium salts, pyridinium sal~s and mixtures thereof.
Suitable water-soluble mono-ammonium compounds have the general formula:
_ _ R5 / 7 ~
N X
~R6 R8_ ~
wherein ~5 represents a C8-C24 alkyl or alkenyl group, ,.
~ !
~15'~Z(~
R6 represents hydrogen, a Cl-C12 alkyl, alkenyl or hydroxyalkyl group, an aryl group, a Cl 6 alkylaryl group, or a poly(ethylene oxide) group having from 2 to 20 ethylene oxide units~ R7, R8 individually represent hydro~
gen, a Cl-C4 alkyl, alkenyl or hydroxyalkyl group or a poly~ethylene oxide) group having ~rom 2 ~o 20 ethylene oxide units and X is as defined above.
Highly preferred materials of this general type include the tallow trimethyl ammonium salts, cetyl tri-methyl ammonium salts, myristyl trimethyl ammonium salts,coconutalkyl trimethyl ammonium salts, stearyl dimethyl ammonium salts, cetyl dimethyl ammonium salts, myristyl dimethyl ammonium salts, coconutalkyl dimethyl ammonium salts, oleyl methyl ammonium salts, palmityl methyl ammonium salts, myristyl methyl ammonium salts, lauryl methyl ammonium salts, dodecyl dimethyl hydroxyethyl ammonium salts, dodecyl dimethyl hydroxypropyl ammonium salts, myristyl dimethyl hydroxyethyl ammonium salts, dodecyl dimethyl dioxyethylenyl ammonium salts, myristyl benzyl hydroxyethyl methyl ammonium salts r coconutalkyl benzyl hydroxyethyl methyl ammonium salts, dodecyl dihydroxyethyl methyl ammonium salts, cetyl dihydroxyethyl methyl ammonium salts, and s~earyl dihydroxyethyl methyl ammonium salts.
~ighly ~referred water-soluble imidazolinium materials are represented by the general formula +l ~ ~ / N- - C2H4 MH- - ~Rg X
or acids salts thereof, ~, wherein R6, R7, R8, Rg and X were defined earlier.
Preferred imidazolinium salts of this general formula include the compound in which R6 is methyl, R8 is tallowyl and Rg is hydrogen and the compound in which R6 is methyl, R8 is palmitoyl and Rg is hydrogen.
Highly preferred water-soluble polyammonium cation materials are represented by the general formula:
t ( 2)n o Rlo Rlo m wherein Rll is selected from an alkyl or alkenyl group having from 12 to 24, preferably from 16 to 20 carbon atoms in the alk(en)yl chain, RllCO~ and Rll O-(CH2~n-;
each Rlo is independently selected from hydrogen, (C H O) H -(C3H6o)qH~ ~(C2H4O)r(c3H6o~s ' 1-3 group and the group -(CH2)n-N(R')2, wherein R' is selected from hydroyen, -(C2H4O)pH, -(C2H4O)pH~ -(C2HGIO)p(C3H6O)qH
and Cl 3 alkyl; n is an integer from 2 to 6, preferably 2 or 3; m is an integer from 1 to 5, preferably 1 or 2;
p,q,r, and s are each a number such that the total p~+r~s in the molecule does not exceed 25 (preferably, each p and q is 1 or 2 and each r and s is 1); and X represents one or more anions having total charge balancing that of the nitrogen atoms.
Preferred water-soluble cationic materials are alkoxylated and contain not more than one -C2H~OH or -C3H6OH group attached to each nitrogen atom, except that up to two of these groups can be attached to a terminal nitrogen atom which is not substituted by an alkyl group having ~rom 10 to 24 carbon atoms.
~5~`3~;
Polyamine species suitable for use herein include:
N-tallowyl,N,N',N'-tris~2-hydroxyethyl)l, 3-pxopanediamine di-hydrochloride or dibenzoate;
N-soybean alkyl 1,3-propane diammonium sulfate;
N-stearyl~N~N~-di~2-hydroxyethyl)-Nl-~3-hydroxypropyl) 1,3-propanediamine dihydrofloride;
N-cocoyl N,N,N',N',N'-pentamethyl-1,3-propane diammonium dichloride or di-methosulfate;
N-oleyl N,N',N'-tris (3-hydroxypropyl)-1,3-propanediamine dihydrofluoride;
N-stearyl N,N',N'-tris(2-hydroxyethyl) N,N'-dimethyl-l,
3-propanediammonium dimethylsulfate;
N-palmityl N,N',N'-tris(3-hydroxypropyl)-1,3-propane-diamine dihydrobromide;
N-(stearyloxypropyl) N,W',N' tris(3-hydroxypropyl)1,3-propanediammonium diacetate;
N-tallowyl N-(3-aminopropyl)1,3-propanedi.amine tri-hydrochloride;
N-oleyl N-/N",N" bis(2-hydroxyethyl)3-aminopropyl/N',N'-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)1,3 diaminopropane trihydrofluoride;
N-tallowyl diethylene triamine trihydrochloride.
The water-soluble cationic surfactant herein can also be represented by alkyl pyridinium salts having the following formula:
12 - N ~ X
wherein R12 is a C10-C24, preferably C16 or C18 alkyl radical and X is a suitable anion as defined hereinbefore, preferably a halide, especially chloride or bromide.
It should be understood, of course, that water-soluble cationic surfactants of the amine-salt class can be added in the form of the neutral amine followed by pH adjustment to within the range from about pH4 to about pH8.
,.',.~
~5~
The Hydrophobic Adjunct The hydrophobic adjunct is selected from non-cyclic hydrocarbons, fatty acid esters of monohydric alcohols and mixtures thereof, each component having a total of from 10 to 40 carbon atoms. The hydrophobic adjunct is present in an amount relative to the insoluble cationic softener and the water-soluble cationic and/or nonionic surfactant, to provide a dispersion of anisotropic softener phase in isotropic a~ueous surfactant phase.
The first class of hydrophobic adjunct is represented by non-cyclic hydrocarbons having from 10 to 40, preferably from 12 to 24, more preferably from 12 to 20 carbon atoms.
Preferably, hydrocarbons useful in the present invention are paraffins or olefins, but other materials, such as alkynes and halo-paraffins, for example myristyl chloride or stearyl bromide, are not excluded. Materials known generally as paraffin oil, soft paraffin wax and petrolatum are especially suitable. Examples of speci-fic materials are tetradecane, hexadecane, octadecane and octadecene. Preferred commercially-available paraffin mixtures include spindle oil and light oil and technical grade mixtures of C14/C17 and C18/C20 P
The second class of hydrophobic adjunct is rep-resented by fatty acid esters having a total of 10 to 40 carbon atoms. Preferred materials are esters of C8-C24 fatty acids with mono-hydri¢ alcohols having from 1 to 8, especially from 1 to 4 car~on atoms.
The mono-hydric alcohol portion of the ester can be represented by methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, iso-propanol, n-butanol, iso-butanol, t-butanol, 2-ethyl-hexanol and iso-octanol.
Examples of such materials are methyl laurate, ethyl stearate, isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate.
,, 1.~5~
iso-butyl stearate, isopropylstearate, 2-ethylhexyl laurate and isooctyl myristate. Of the above, iso-butyl stearate is highly preferred.
Of all the above, paraffins having from 12 to 20 carbon atoms constitute the preferred adjunct. However, mixtures of paraffins and fatty acid esters in a 3:1 to 1:3 weight ratio are also effective.
Apart from enhancing the phase stability of the com-position, the hydrophobic adjunct acts to lower the viscosity of the composition and because each of the materials has a long fatty chain, the agent does contribute to some extent to the softening performance of the com-position, a feature which is not shared by other known viscosity control agents, for example electrolytes and low molecular weight solvent mat~rials. Compositions of the present invention also have enhanced dispersibility in cold water and exhibit less dispenser residues than conven-tional fabric softening composition based solely on a cationic fabric softener.
Optional Ingredients In additon to the above-mentioned components; the compositions may contain other textile treatment or con~
ditioning agents. Such agents include silicones, as for example described in German Patent Application DOS
26 31 419 published February 3, 1977.
The optional silicone component can be used in an amount of from about 0.1~ to about 6~, preferably from 0.5% to 2% of the softener composition.
A further optional component of the present compos-ition is a fatty acid ester of a polyhydric alcohol, for instance a C12-C22 fatty acid ester of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, diglycerol, xylitol/ sucrose, erythritol, pentaerythritol, sorbitol or sorbitan. These esters, specific examples ,'~'. D . :
l~S~Z~
of which include ethyleneglycol monostearate, propylene-glycol monostearate, glyceryl monostearate and glyceryl distearate, can provide an additional softening facility.
However, in as much as such fatty acid esters are relatively hydrophilic and indeed are emulsifying materials in their own rights, it is desirable to include such materials in a level of no more than about
N-palmityl N,N',N'-tris(3-hydroxypropyl)-1,3-propane-diamine dihydrobromide;
N-(stearyloxypropyl) N,W',N' tris(3-hydroxypropyl)1,3-propanediammonium diacetate;
N-tallowyl N-(3-aminopropyl)1,3-propanedi.amine tri-hydrochloride;
N-oleyl N-/N",N" bis(2-hydroxyethyl)3-aminopropyl/N',N'-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)1,3 diaminopropane trihydrofluoride;
N-tallowyl diethylene triamine trihydrochloride.
The water-soluble cationic surfactant herein can also be represented by alkyl pyridinium salts having the following formula:
12 - N ~ X
wherein R12 is a C10-C24, preferably C16 or C18 alkyl radical and X is a suitable anion as defined hereinbefore, preferably a halide, especially chloride or bromide.
It should be understood, of course, that water-soluble cationic surfactants of the amine-salt class can be added in the form of the neutral amine followed by pH adjustment to within the range from about pH4 to about pH8.
,.',.~
~5~
The Hydrophobic Adjunct The hydrophobic adjunct is selected from non-cyclic hydrocarbons, fatty acid esters of monohydric alcohols and mixtures thereof, each component having a total of from 10 to 40 carbon atoms. The hydrophobic adjunct is present in an amount relative to the insoluble cationic softener and the water-soluble cationic and/or nonionic surfactant, to provide a dispersion of anisotropic softener phase in isotropic a~ueous surfactant phase.
The first class of hydrophobic adjunct is represented by non-cyclic hydrocarbons having from 10 to 40, preferably from 12 to 24, more preferably from 12 to 20 carbon atoms.
Preferably, hydrocarbons useful in the present invention are paraffins or olefins, but other materials, such as alkynes and halo-paraffins, for example myristyl chloride or stearyl bromide, are not excluded. Materials known generally as paraffin oil, soft paraffin wax and petrolatum are especially suitable. Examples of speci-fic materials are tetradecane, hexadecane, octadecane and octadecene. Preferred commercially-available paraffin mixtures include spindle oil and light oil and technical grade mixtures of C14/C17 and C18/C20 P
The second class of hydrophobic adjunct is rep-resented by fatty acid esters having a total of 10 to 40 carbon atoms. Preferred materials are esters of C8-C24 fatty acids with mono-hydri¢ alcohols having from 1 to 8, especially from 1 to 4 car~on atoms.
The mono-hydric alcohol portion of the ester can be represented by methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, iso-propanol, n-butanol, iso-butanol, t-butanol, 2-ethyl-hexanol and iso-octanol.
Examples of such materials are methyl laurate, ethyl stearate, isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate.
,, 1.~5~
iso-butyl stearate, isopropylstearate, 2-ethylhexyl laurate and isooctyl myristate. Of the above, iso-butyl stearate is highly preferred.
Of all the above, paraffins having from 12 to 20 carbon atoms constitute the preferred adjunct. However, mixtures of paraffins and fatty acid esters in a 3:1 to 1:3 weight ratio are also effective.
Apart from enhancing the phase stability of the com-position, the hydrophobic adjunct acts to lower the viscosity of the composition and because each of the materials has a long fatty chain, the agent does contribute to some extent to the softening performance of the com-position, a feature which is not shared by other known viscosity control agents, for example electrolytes and low molecular weight solvent mat~rials. Compositions of the present invention also have enhanced dispersibility in cold water and exhibit less dispenser residues than conven-tional fabric softening composition based solely on a cationic fabric softener.
Optional Ingredients In additon to the above-mentioned components; the compositions may contain other textile treatment or con~
ditioning agents. Such agents include silicones, as for example described in German Patent Application DOS
26 31 419 published February 3, 1977.
The optional silicone component can be used in an amount of from about 0.1~ to about 6~, preferably from 0.5% to 2% of the softener composition.
A further optional component of the present compos-ition is a fatty acid ester of a polyhydric alcohol, for instance a C12-C22 fatty acid ester of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, diglycerol, xylitol/ sucrose, erythritol, pentaerythritol, sorbitol or sorbitan. These esters, specific examples ,'~'. D . :
l~S~Z~
of which include ethyleneglycol monostearate, propylene-glycol monostearate, glyceryl monostearate and glyceryl distearate, can provide an additional softening facility.
However, in as much as such fatty acid esters are relatively hydrophilic and indeed are emulsifying materials in their own rights, it is desirable to include such materials in a level of no more than about
4% by weight or in a weight ratio with re.spect to the cationic softener of no more than about 2:3.
The compositions herein can contain other optional ingredients which are known to be suitable for use in textile softeners at usual levels for their known functions.
Such adjuvants include emulsifiers, perfumes, pre-servatives, germicides, colorants, dyes fungicides, stabilizers, brighteners and opaciiers. These adju-vants, if used, are normally added at their conventional low levels.
The composition of the invention can also comprise additional viscosity control agents, such as 1% to 10%
of lower alcohols, especially ethanol and isopropanol, and electrolytes, for example calcium chloride, at levels of from 100 to 1000 ppm. It is a feature of the invention, ho~ever, that such materials can be reduced or eliminated completely from the instant compositions~
The compositions can normally be prepared by mixing the ingredients together in water, heating to a tempera-ture of about 60C and agitating for 5-30 minutes.
The pH of the compositions is generally adjusted to be in the range from about 3 to about 8, preferably from about 4 to about 6. In this preferred pH range, i.t will be understood that the neturalization of amines or poly-amines in the composition can be incomplete.
When compositions of the p~esent invention are added to the rinse liquor, a concentration from about 10 ppm to 1000 ppm, preferably from about 50 ppm to about 500 ppm, of total active ingredient is appropriate :~L542~
The following examples illustrate the lnvention.
In the Examples, the following abbreviations are used:
Ditallow dimethyl ammonium chloride DTDMAC
3-methyl-1 (2-tallowylamido)ethyl-2-tallowyl--4,5- DTIM
The compositions herein can contain other optional ingredients which are known to be suitable for use in textile softeners at usual levels for their known functions.
Such adjuvants include emulsifiers, perfumes, pre-servatives, germicides, colorants, dyes fungicides, stabilizers, brighteners and opaciiers. These adju-vants, if used, are normally added at their conventional low levels.
The composition of the invention can also comprise additional viscosity control agents, such as 1% to 10%
of lower alcohols, especially ethanol and isopropanol, and electrolytes, for example calcium chloride, at levels of from 100 to 1000 ppm. It is a feature of the invention, ho~ever, that such materials can be reduced or eliminated completely from the instant compositions~
The compositions can normally be prepared by mixing the ingredients together in water, heating to a tempera-ture of about 60C and agitating for 5-30 minutes.
The pH of the compositions is generally adjusted to be in the range from about 3 to about 8, preferably from about 4 to about 6. In this preferred pH range, i.t will be understood that the neturalization of amines or poly-amines in the composition can be incomplete.
When compositions of the p~esent invention are added to the rinse liquor, a concentration from about 10 ppm to 1000 ppm, preferably from about 50 ppm to about 500 ppm, of total active ingredient is appropriate :~L542~
The following examples illustrate the lnvention.
In the Examples, the following abbreviations are used:
Ditallow dimethyl ammonium chloride DTDMAC
3-methyl-1 (2-tallowylamido)ethyl-2-tallowyl--4,5- DTIM
5 dihydroimidazolinium methosulphate Tallow trimethyl ammonium chloride MTTMAC
3-methyl-(2-amino)ethyl-2 tallowyl-4,5- MTIM
dihydroimidazolinium methosulphate Tallow dimet~yl ammonium chloride MTDMAC
10 N-tallowyl-N,N',N'-tris(2-hydroxyethyl)-1,3- MTHPD
propane diamine Coconut alkyl trimethyl ammonium chloride MCTMAC
Cetyl pyridinium chloride CPC
Condensation product of tallow alcohol with an TAE
15 average of 11 moles of ethylene oxide Glyceryl monostearate GMS
Examples I to IX
Concentrated liquid fabric so~teners were prepared having the compositions indicated below, by dispersing the active ingredients in water at about 60C.
I II II~I IV V VI VII VIII IX
DTDMAC ~ 7.2 7.2 7.2 - 1.8 DTIM 8.0 8.0 8.Q 8.0 - - - 10.0 5.6 MTTMAC - 0~5 - - 1.0 0.8 1.0 - 0.2 25 MTIM - - - - - - - - 1.4 MTDMAC - - - 0~5 - - -MTHPD 1.0 MCTMAC - - - - 2.5 CPC -- -- O . S
TAEll 1.0 - - 0.5 C14-C17 technical paraffin 2.5 2.5 - - 2.5 - 4.0 - 2.5 Octadecane - - 2.5 - - 2. 5 - 1.0 Water and minors - to lQ0 - -The above compositions had good phase stability, low viscosity, good dispersibility and excellent softening characteristics compared with compositions containing no ~1S4~C~i hydrophobic adjunct or no water-soluble cationic or nonionic surfactants or with compositions in which the active system contains a major proportion of hydrophobic adjunct and/or soluble surfactant.
Examples X to XVII
Concentrated fabric softeners were prepared in analogous manner with the compositions indicated below.
X XI XII XIII XIV XV XVI XVII
DTDMAC - - - - - 4.0 12.06.0 10 DTIM 12.0 14.5 13.0 13.5 13.07.0 - 6.0 MTTMAC - - - - - 0.5 1.00.5 MTIM 3.0 4.5 3.0 3.5 3.02.0 - 1.0 MTDMAC - - - ~ ~ ~ 4~
MTHPD - - - - - - 1.0 15 MCTMAC - - - - - - - 1.O
CPC - ~ - 2.0 AEll ~ - - _ _ 2.0 Cl~-C17 technical paraffin 5.0 10.0 4.0 5.0 12.0 - - 3.0 20 Octadecane - - - - - 2.0 - -Isobutyl stearate 5.0 - - 6.0 - - 2.0 Isopropyl palmitate - - - - - 2.0 25 Iso-octyl stearate - - 4.0 Calcium chloride (ppm) 500 850 Water, Perfume 30 and minors to 100 -The above compositions were stable dispersions with low viscosity, good dispersibility and excellent softening characteristics compared with compositions containing no hydrophobic adjunct or soluble surfactant or with compo-sitions in which the active system contains a majorproportion of the hydrophobic adjunct and/or soluble surfactant.
,~ i J ~, Z~6 EXAMPLES XVIII TO XXIII
Aqueous fabric softening compositions were prepared according to the following formulae:
XVIII XIX XX XXI XXIIXXIII
DTDMAC 4.5 - 3.5 2.0 2.0 3.0 DTIM - 3.0 - 3.0 2.0 MTTMAC . 5 5 MTIM - O . 6 0 . 3 MTDMAC - - - - - O . 1 MTHPD - -- O . 35 MCTMAC - - - 0.2 -11 ~ ~ ~ 0 5 C14-C17 technical paraffin - 1.0 - - 0.5 0.8 Cl8~c20 n-paraffin 1.5 - 0,5 Octadecane - - - 1.5 - -Isobutyl stearate - - - - 0-5 GMS - - 1 ~ - 0.5 : Water,perfume and minors To 100 --The above compositions were stable dispersions with low viscosity, good dispersibility and excellent softening characteristics compared with compositions containing no hydrophobic adjunct or soluble surfactant or with compositions in which the active systém contains a major proportion of the hydrophobic adjunct and/or soluble surfactant.
3-methyl-(2-amino)ethyl-2 tallowyl-4,5- MTIM
dihydroimidazolinium methosulphate Tallow dimet~yl ammonium chloride MTDMAC
10 N-tallowyl-N,N',N'-tris(2-hydroxyethyl)-1,3- MTHPD
propane diamine Coconut alkyl trimethyl ammonium chloride MCTMAC
Cetyl pyridinium chloride CPC
Condensation product of tallow alcohol with an TAE
15 average of 11 moles of ethylene oxide Glyceryl monostearate GMS
Examples I to IX
Concentrated liquid fabric so~teners were prepared having the compositions indicated below, by dispersing the active ingredients in water at about 60C.
I II II~I IV V VI VII VIII IX
DTDMAC ~ 7.2 7.2 7.2 - 1.8 DTIM 8.0 8.0 8.Q 8.0 - - - 10.0 5.6 MTTMAC - 0~5 - - 1.0 0.8 1.0 - 0.2 25 MTIM - - - - - - - - 1.4 MTDMAC - - - 0~5 - - -MTHPD 1.0 MCTMAC - - - - 2.5 CPC -- -- O . S
TAEll 1.0 - - 0.5 C14-C17 technical paraffin 2.5 2.5 - - 2.5 - 4.0 - 2.5 Octadecane - - 2.5 - - 2. 5 - 1.0 Water and minors - to lQ0 - -The above compositions had good phase stability, low viscosity, good dispersibility and excellent softening characteristics compared with compositions containing no ~1S4~C~i hydrophobic adjunct or no water-soluble cationic or nonionic surfactants or with compositions in which the active system contains a major proportion of hydrophobic adjunct and/or soluble surfactant.
Examples X to XVII
Concentrated fabric softeners were prepared in analogous manner with the compositions indicated below.
X XI XII XIII XIV XV XVI XVII
DTDMAC - - - - - 4.0 12.06.0 10 DTIM 12.0 14.5 13.0 13.5 13.07.0 - 6.0 MTTMAC - - - - - 0.5 1.00.5 MTIM 3.0 4.5 3.0 3.5 3.02.0 - 1.0 MTDMAC - - - ~ ~ ~ 4~
MTHPD - - - - - - 1.0 15 MCTMAC - - - - - - - 1.O
CPC - ~ - 2.0 AEll ~ - - _ _ 2.0 Cl~-C17 technical paraffin 5.0 10.0 4.0 5.0 12.0 - - 3.0 20 Octadecane - - - - - 2.0 - -Isobutyl stearate 5.0 - - 6.0 - - 2.0 Isopropyl palmitate - - - - - 2.0 25 Iso-octyl stearate - - 4.0 Calcium chloride (ppm) 500 850 Water, Perfume 30 and minors to 100 -The above compositions were stable dispersions with low viscosity, good dispersibility and excellent softening characteristics compared with compositions containing no hydrophobic adjunct or soluble surfactant or with compo-sitions in which the active system contains a majorproportion of the hydrophobic adjunct and/or soluble surfactant.
,~ i J ~, Z~6 EXAMPLES XVIII TO XXIII
Aqueous fabric softening compositions were prepared according to the following formulae:
XVIII XIX XX XXI XXIIXXIII
DTDMAC 4.5 - 3.5 2.0 2.0 3.0 DTIM - 3.0 - 3.0 2.0 MTTMAC . 5 5 MTIM - O . 6 0 . 3 MTDMAC - - - - - O . 1 MTHPD - -- O . 35 MCTMAC - - - 0.2 -11 ~ ~ ~ 0 5 C14-C17 technical paraffin - 1.0 - - 0.5 0.8 Cl8~c20 n-paraffin 1.5 - 0,5 Octadecane - - - 1.5 - -Isobutyl stearate - - - - 0-5 GMS - - 1 ~ - 0.5 : Water,perfume and minors To 100 --The above compositions were stable dispersions with low viscosity, good dispersibility and excellent softening characteristics compared with compositions containing no hydrophobic adjunct or soluble surfactant or with compositions in which the active systém contains a major proportion of the hydrophobic adjunct and/or soluble surfactant.
Claims (10)
1. An aqueous fabric softening composition characterized by:
(a) from 2% to 22% by weight of a water-insoluble cationic fabric softener, (b) from 0.05% to 8% by weight of a water-soluble cationic or nonionic surfactant or mixture thereof, and (c) from 0.25% to 15% by weight of a C10-C40 non-cyclic hydrocarbon, or of a fatty acid ester of a monohydric alcohol, said ester having a total of 10 to 40 carbon atoms, or of a mixture thereof, wherein the weight ratio of (a) to (b) is in the range from 100:1 to 5:2, and the weight ratio of (a) to (c) is in the range from 20:1 to 5:4.
(a) from 2% to 22% by weight of a water-insoluble cationic fabric softener, (b) from 0.05% to 8% by weight of a water-soluble cationic or nonionic surfactant or mixture thereof, and (c) from 0.25% to 15% by weight of a C10-C40 non-cyclic hydrocarbon, or of a fatty acid ester of a monohydric alcohol, said ester having a total of 10 to 40 carbon atoms, or of a mixture thereof, wherein the weight ratio of (a) to (b) is in the range from 100:1 to 5:2, and the weight ratio of (a) to (c) is in the range from 20:1 to 5:4.
2. A composition according to Claim 1 characterized in that the cationic fabric softener is:-(i) A di-C12-C24 alkyl or alkenyl mono- or polyammonium salt, (ii) A di-C12-C24 alkyl or alkenyl imidazolinium salt, or (iii) a mixture thereof.
3. A composition according to Claim 1, characterized in that the water-soluble cationic surfactant is:-(i) A mono-C8-C24 alkyl or alkenyl mono- or polyammonium salt, (ii) A mono-C8-C24 alkyl or alkenyl imidazo-linium salt, (iii) a mono-C8-C24 alkyl or alkenyl pyridinium salt, (iv) a mixture thereof.
4. A composition according to Claim 1, 2 or 3 character-ized in that the water-soluble nonionic surfactant has the general formula RO(CH2CH2O)nH wherein R is a C8-20 alkyl or alkenyl group, and n is from 2 to 100.
5. A composition according to Claim 1, 2 or 3 character-ized in that the water-insoluble cationic fabric softener and the water-soluble cationic or nonionic surfactant are in a weight ration of from 20:1 to 4:1.
6. A composition according to Claim 1, 2 or 3 character-ized in that the water-insoluble cationic fabric softener and the non-cyclic hydrocarbon are in a weight ratio of from 8:1 to 2:1.
7. A composition according to Claim 1, 2 or 3 character-ized by:-(a) from 2% to 6% by weight of a water-insoluble di-C12-C24 alkyl or alkenyl mono-quaternary ammonium salt, (b) from 0.05 to 1% by weight of a water-soluble cationic surfactant which is:-(i) a mono-C8-C24 alkyl or alkenyl mono-quarternary salt, (ii) a mono-C8-C24 alkyl or alkenyl imidazolinium salt, or (iii) a mixture thereof, and (c) from 0.25% to 3% by weight of a C12-C24 paraffin or paraffin mixture, wherein the weight ratio of (a) to (b) is in the range from 20:1 to 4:1 and the weight ratio of (a) to (c) is in the range from 5:1 to 2:1.
8. A composition according to Claim 1, 2 or 3 character-:
ized by:-(a) from 6% to 12% by weight of a water-insoluble cationic fabric softener which is a mixture of:-(i) a di-C12-C24 alkyl or alkenyl mono-quaternary ammonium salt, and (ii) a di-C12-C24 alkyl or alkenyl imidazolinium salt, wherein the weight ratio of (i) to (ii) is in the range from 1:6 to 1:1, (b) from 0.5 to 6% by weight of a water-soluble cationic surfactant which is:-(i) a mono-C8-C24 alkyl or alkenyl mono-quarternary ammonium salt, (ii) a mono-C8-C24 alkyl or alkenyl imidazolinium salt, or (iii) a mixture thereof, and (c) from 1% to 6% by weight of a C12-C24 paraffin or paraffin mixture, wherein the weight ratio of (a) to (b) is in the range from 10:1 to 5:2, and the weight ratio of (a) to (c) is in the range from 5:1 to 5:2.
ized by:-(a) from 6% to 12% by weight of a water-insoluble cationic fabric softener which is a mixture of:-(i) a di-C12-C24 alkyl or alkenyl mono-quaternary ammonium salt, and (ii) a di-C12-C24 alkyl or alkenyl imidazolinium salt, wherein the weight ratio of (i) to (ii) is in the range from 1:6 to 1:1, (b) from 0.5 to 6% by weight of a water-soluble cationic surfactant which is:-(i) a mono-C8-C24 alkyl or alkenyl mono-quarternary ammonium salt, (ii) a mono-C8-C24 alkyl or alkenyl imidazolinium salt, or (iii) a mixture thereof, and (c) from 1% to 6% by weight of a C12-C24 paraffin or paraffin mixture, wherein the weight ratio of (a) to (b) is in the range from 10:1 to 5:2, and the weight ratio of (a) to (c) is in the range from 5:1 to 5:2.
9. A composition according to Claim 1, 2 or 3 character-ized by:-(a) from 1% to 22% of a water-insoluble di-C12-C24 alkyl or alkenyl imidazolinium salt, (b) from 2.0% to 8% of a water-soluble cationic surfactant which is:-(i) a mono-C8-C24 alkyl or alkenyl mono-quarternary ammonium salt, (ii) a mono-C8-C24 alkyl or alkenyl imidazolinium salt, or (iii) a mixture thereof, and (c) from 6% to 12% of a 3:1 to 1:3 mixture of:-(i) a C12-C20 paraffin or paraffin mixture, and (ii) an ester of a C12-C24 fatty acid with a monohydric alcohol having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, wherein the weight ratio of (a) to (b) is in the range from 4:1 to 5:2, and the weight ratio of (a) to (c) is in the range from 7:2 to 5:4.
10. A composition according to Claim 1, 2 or 3 wherein the composition is in the form of a dispersion of an aniso-tropic softener phase in an isotropic surfactant phase.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB79-13934 | 1979-04-21 | ||
| GB7913934 | 1979-04-21 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1154206A true CA1154206A (en) | 1983-09-27 |
Family
ID=10504691
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000350155A Expired CA1154206A (en) | 1979-04-21 | 1980-04-18 | Fabric softening composition |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0018039B2 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS569477A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE6524T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1154206A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3066798D1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (54)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0032267A1 (en) * | 1980-01-11 | 1981-07-22 | THE PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY | Concentrated textile treatment compositions and method for preparing them |
| US4395342A (en) * | 1980-06-06 | 1983-07-26 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Granular fabric softening composition |
| ATE13562T1 (en) * | 1981-01-16 | 1985-06-15 | Procter & Gamble | TEXTILE TREATMENT AGENTS. |
| DE3264359D1 (en) * | 1981-02-28 | 1985-08-01 | Procter & Gamble | Textile treatment compositions |
| ATE20534T1 (en) * | 1981-03-07 | 1986-07-15 | Procter & Gamble | TEXTILE TREATMENT AGENTS AND THEIR PREPARATION. |
| US4446032A (en) * | 1981-08-20 | 1984-05-01 | International Flavors & Fragrances Inc. | Liquid or solid fabric softener composition comprising microencapsulated fragrance suspension and process for preparing same |
| US4464271A (en) * | 1981-08-20 | 1984-08-07 | International Flavors & Fragrances Inc. | Liquid or solid fabric softener composition comprising microencapsulated fragrance suspension and process for preparing same |
| DE3138181A1 (en) * | 1981-09-25 | 1983-04-14 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | TEXTILE TREATMENT AGENTS AND THEIR USE FOR FINISHING TEXTILE MATERIALS |
| US4445901A (en) * | 1981-10-09 | 1984-05-01 | Lever Brothers Company | Fabric conditioning composition |
| US4454049A (en) * | 1981-11-14 | 1984-06-12 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Textile treatment compositions |
| US4439335A (en) * | 1981-11-17 | 1984-03-27 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Concentrated fabric softening compositions |
| DE3150179A1 (en) * | 1981-12-18 | 1983-06-23 | Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt | CONCENTRATED PRE-MIXTURES OF SOFT SOFTENER |
| DE3204165A1 (en) * | 1982-02-06 | 1983-08-11 | Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt | CONCENTRATED SOFT SOFTENER |
| US4464273A (en) | 1982-02-10 | 1984-08-07 | Lever Brothers Company | Fabric softening composition |
| US4464272A (en) | 1982-02-10 | 1984-08-07 | Lever Brothers Company | Fabric softening composition |
| US4442013A (en) * | 1982-03-22 | 1984-04-10 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Concentrated fabric softening compositions |
| US4497716A (en) * | 1982-12-23 | 1985-02-05 | Lever Brothers Company | Fabric softening composition |
| FR2540901B1 (en) * | 1983-02-14 | 1986-08-29 | Elf Aquitaine | CONCENTRATED COMPOSITIONS OF TEXTILE SOFTENERS |
| DE3877422T2 (en) | 1987-05-01 | 1993-05-13 | Procter & Gamble | QUATERNAIRE ISOPROPYLESTER AMMONIUM COMPOUNDS AS FIBER AND TISSUE TREATMENT AGENTS. |
| US4808321A (en) * | 1987-05-01 | 1989-02-28 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Mono-esters as fiber and fabric treatment compositions |
| US4913828A (en) * | 1987-06-10 | 1990-04-03 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Conditioning agents and compositions containing same |
| EP0294893A3 (en) * | 1987-06-10 | 1989-11-02 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Conditioning agents and compositions containing same |
| US4789491A (en) * | 1987-08-07 | 1988-12-06 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Method for preparing biodegradable fabric softening compositions |
| US4851139A (en) * | 1987-08-26 | 1989-07-25 | The Clorox Company | Isotropic fabric softener composition containing fabric mildewstat |
| DE3876196T2 (en) * | 1987-09-23 | 1993-04-15 | Procter & Gamble | LINEAR ALCOXYLATED ALCOHOLS CONTAINING STABLE, BIODEGRADABLE SOFTEN SOFTENER COMPOSITIONS. |
| EP0316996A3 (en) * | 1987-11-18 | 1990-04-04 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Method for preparing textile treatment compositions |
| US4840738A (en) * | 1988-02-25 | 1989-06-20 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Stable biodegradable fabric softening compositions containing 2-hydroxypropyl monoester quaternized ammonium salts |
| GB8827698D0 (en) * | 1988-11-28 | 1988-12-29 | Unilever Plc | Fabric-treatment composition |
| GB8827697D0 (en) * | 1988-11-28 | 1988-12-29 | Unilever Plc | Fabric-treatment composition |
| US5116520A (en) * | 1989-09-06 | 1992-05-26 | The Procter & Gamble Co. | Fabric softening and anti-static compositions containing a quaternized di-substituted imidazoline ester fabric softening compound with a nonionic fabric softening compound |
| FR2655658B1 (en) * | 1989-12-08 | 1994-11-18 | Rhone Poulenc Chimie | LAUNDRY COMPOUND BASED ON A POLYPHOSPHATE AND IN PARTICULAR AN OPTICALLY ACTIVE AGENT, ITS PREPARATION METHOD AND ITS USE IN DETERGENCE. |
| GB9011785D0 (en) * | 1990-05-25 | 1990-07-18 | Unilever Plc | Fabric treatment compositions |
| IL123455A (en) * | 1995-08-31 | 2001-05-20 | Colgate Palmolive Co | Stable fabric softener compositions |
| AU3303300A (en) * | 1999-03-18 | 2000-10-04 | Mark Gary Mullane | Cleaning formulation |
| GB0014891D0 (en) † | 2000-06-16 | 2000-08-09 | Unilever Plc | Fabric softening compositions |
| CA2439512A1 (en) * | 2001-03-07 | 2002-09-19 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Rinse-added fabric conditioning composition for use where residual detergent is present |
| EP2069466A1 (en) * | 2006-10-06 | 2009-06-17 | Dow Corning Corporation | Process for preparing fabric softener compositions |
| EP2053119B1 (en) * | 2007-10-26 | 2016-09-07 | The Procter and Gamble Company | Fabric softening compositions having improved stability upon storage |
| JP5610964B2 (en) * | 2010-10-07 | 2014-10-22 | ライオン株式会社 | Liquid softener composition |
| ES2524401T3 (en) | 2010-10-22 | 2014-12-09 | Unilever N.V. | Improvements related to tissue conditioners |
| AU2011335262A1 (en) | 2010-12-03 | 2013-06-20 | Unilever Plc | Fabric conditioners |
| US10017715B2 (en) | 2013-02-15 | 2018-07-10 | Rhodia Operations | Fabric softener |
| WO2014154234A1 (en) | 2013-03-25 | 2014-10-02 | Rhodia Operations | Fabric softener |
| RU2016116935A (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2017-11-15 | Акцо Нобель Кемикалз Интернэшнл Б.В. | TEXTILE SOFTENER COMPOSITION AND ITS USE |
| WO2015074692A1 (en) | 2013-11-20 | 2015-05-28 | Rhodia Operations | Fabric softener composition |
| JP6479861B2 (en) | 2014-06-18 | 2019-03-06 | ローディア オペレーションズ | Method of using compositions comprising quaternary ammonium compounds, cationic polysaccharides and non-ionic polysaccharides |
| KR102457934B1 (en) | 2015-01-16 | 2022-10-24 | 로디아 오퍼레이션스 | How to reduce graying of fabrics |
| WO2016120291A1 (en) | 2015-01-28 | 2016-08-04 | Rhodia Operations | Composition containing ester quat, cationic polysaccharide and nonionic polysaccharide |
| EP3262150A1 (en) | 2015-02-27 | 2018-01-03 | Rhodia Operations | Composition comprising a quaternary ammonium compound, a cationic polysaccharide and a nonionic polymer |
| WO2017100992A1 (en) | 2015-12-15 | 2017-06-22 | Rhodia Operations | Compositions comprising quat and polysaccharides |
| WO2017107819A1 (en) | 2015-12-22 | 2017-06-29 | Rhodia Operations | Compositions comprising quat and polysaccharides |
| US10233408B2 (en) | 2015-12-28 | 2019-03-19 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Fabric softening compositions |
| US20220403293A1 (en) | 2019-10-03 | 2022-12-22 | Rhodia Operations | Polymer dispersion and a fabric conditioning composition comprising the same |
| WO2021063779A1 (en) | 2019-10-03 | 2021-04-08 | Rhodia Operations | Fabric conditioning composition comprising polymer dispersion |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5120638B1 (en) * | 1971-03-31 | 1976-06-26 | ||
| US3974076A (en) * | 1974-01-11 | 1976-08-10 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Fabric softener |
| DE2631114C3 (en) * | 1975-07-14 | 1981-11-26 | The Procter & Gamble Co., 45202 Cincinnati, Ohio | Fabric softeners |
| DE2733493C2 (en) * | 1976-05-17 | 1986-11-13 | Henkel KGaA, 4000 Düsseldorf | Smoothing agent for textile fiber material |
| US4155855A (en) * | 1977-07-06 | 1979-05-22 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Concentrated liquid fabric softener composition |
| GB1601360A (en) * | 1977-07-12 | 1981-10-28 | Procter & Gamble | Textile treatment composition |
-
1980
- 1980-04-10 DE DE8080200320T patent/DE3066798D1/en not_active Expired
- 1980-04-10 EP EP80200320A patent/EP0018039B2/en not_active Expired
- 1980-04-10 AT AT80200320T patent/ATE6524T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1980-04-18 CA CA000350155A patent/CA1154206A/en not_active Expired
- 1980-04-21 JP JP5278180A patent/JPS569477A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS569477A (en) | 1981-01-30 |
| EP0018039B1 (en) | 1984-03-07 |
| DE3066798D1 (en) | 1984-04-12 |
| ATE6524T1 (en) | 1984-03-15 |
| EP0018039B2 (en) | 1988-08-24 |
| EP0018039A1 (en) | 1980-10-29 |
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