CA1145643A - Method and means for automatic watering - Google Patents
Method and means for automatic wateringInfo
- Publication number
- CA1145643A CA1145643A CA000341335A CA341335A CA1145643A CA 1145643 A CA1145643 A CA 1145643A CA 000341335 A CA000341335 A CA 000341335A CA 341335 A CA341335 A CA 341335A CA 1145643 A CA1145643 A CA 1145643A
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- Prior art keywords
- bowl
- water
- open
- control valve
- valve
- Prior art date
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Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A main valve is connected into a pressurized water pipe for an irrigation installation and has a valve body in the form of a differential piston and with a through bore. The body is operated in both directions by means of the water pressure.
The piston in one end position closes the water pipe and in its other end position keeps it open. The piston is guided to said end positions by means of a control valve adapted to open or close a duct extending from the major cylinder bore, to cause the water present to actuate the piston. The control valve is in turn controlled by rainfall onto, and evaporation from an upwardly open bowl and a drop means active during irrigation.
The bowl is part of a tipping means with two tipped end positions controlled by the quantity of water in the bowl. To achieve operation of the main valve such that irrigation substantially takes place at night, and that the length of time between irrigation can be varied, the tipping means is supplemented by a closed air chamber on the other side of a pivoting shaft, said chamber and bowl having a common flat bottom and mutual communication via a slit at the bottom. By the volume change in the air enclosed in the air chamber, caused by the temperature difference between night and day, the quantity of water contained in the open bowl and in the chamber is displaced at night such that the tipping means tips over into a position opening the main valve.
A main valve is connected into a pressurized water pipe for an irrigation installation and has a valve body in the form of a differential piston and with a through bore. The body is operated in both directions by means of the water pressure.
The piston in one end position closes the water pipe and in its other end position keeps it open. The piston is guided to said end positions by means of a control valve adapted to open or close a duct extending from the major cylinder bore, to cause the water present to actuate the piston. The control valve is in turn controlled by rainfall onto, and evaporation from an upwardly open bowl and a drop means active during irrigation.
The bowl is part of a tipping means with two tipped end positions controlled by the quantity of water in the bowl. To achieve operation of the main valve such that irrigation substantially takes place at night, and that the length of time between irrigation can be varied, the tipping means is supplemented by a closed air chamber on the other side of a pivoting shaft, said chamber and bowl having a common flat bottom and mutual communication via a slit at the bottom. By the volume change in the air enclosed in the air chamber, caused by the temperature difference between night and day, the quantity of water contained in the open bowl and in the chamber is displaced at night such that the tipping means tips over into a position opening the main valve.
Description
The present invention relates to a method of auto-matically regulating irrigation apparatus connected to a water pipe, and a device for carrying out the method.
Swedish Patent specification 353,210 discloses the provision of irrigation apparatus connected to a water pipe with an automatic regulating device by means of whieh irrigation is coupled in for periods with adjustable length, broken by water-less periods with a length dependent on the relative humidity of the surrounding air. This device comprises a main valve with a valve body formed as a differential piston, having a small-bore central through duet to its major side, a duct from this major 'side to a eontrol valve whieh is arranged to elose and open the main valve when it closes and opens said duct, as well as a pivoting means wi.th an open bowl, arranged to be supplied with water from a drop means eontrolled by the eontrol valve, and as soon as the supplied amount of water has reaehed a limiting value to tip over and actuate the control valve by means of a projecting portion sueh that it eloses the main valve and the water flow to the clrop means, keeping them elosed until suE:Eiei.ent wa~er has eval.)oratecl ~rom t,he bowl so that the ti.ppi.nc3 means tlps hack agai.n, ~he ~ro-jec~inc3 porti.on dis-en~aginc3 the control valve so ~llat tl-e ].atte.r rec)pens the mai.n valve and the wate:r flow to the drop means. It has been found desirable to arranc3e t:llat the irr:i,gation takes place substantial.ly at night, and that the lc~ cJth oF the waterless periods wil.l also be dependellt on rainfall.
According to the present invention there is provided a method of automatically regulating an irrigation apparatus connected to a water pipe in which a main valve with a valve body in the form of a differential piston is controlled by a control valve such that its movement between open and closed ' positiolls is provided by the water pressure in the pipe, the -- 1 -- *
control valve being control.led by a tipping means which in a first tipped position causes the control valve to assume a position closing the main valve and in a second tipped position releases the control valve so that the latter can assume a position opening the main valve, the tipped position of the tipping means being determined by the water level in an open bowl on one side of said means said bowl being supplied with water in the form of drops at an adjustable rate from a drop means as long as the control valve is in an open position, while the drops are interrupted when the tipping means is caused to tip over towards the s:ide of the bowl by the increased water level in the bowl and thereby close the control valve and there-after lose water by evaporation until the reduced water level allows the tipping means to tip back again to its opposite position for opening the control val.ve, the pressure of air, controlled by the difference between day ancl night temperatures, which is enclosed .in an air chamber on the opposite side of the tipping means causing the watcr at the bottom o~ the air chamber to be forced out via a slit in an intermcdiate wall between said bottom and the open bow]. into thc! open bowl during the day and to be sucked into th~ bottom durir)c~ the night.
The present invention a:l.so provides an apparatus for automatically re~u].ating an i.rric3ation apparatus connected t.o a valve pipe which apparatus compri.ses a main valve with an inlet, an outlet and a valve body includincJ a differential piston, with a narrow central throuyh bore to a major side thereof, a duct from said side to a control valve which is arranged when it closes and opens the duct to close and open the main valve, tipping means having an open bowl arranged to be supplied with water from a drop means controlled by the control valve and adapted when the amount of water Su~p]ied has reached , ~
~C~ 3 a limitin~ value to ti.p over and thereby in cooperation with a yrojection to act on the con-trol valve to close the main valve and the water flow to the ~rop means and to keep them closed until sufficient water has evaporated from the bowl when the tipping means tips back again, whereby the projection re-leases the control valve so that the latter reopens the main valve and the water flow to the drop means, the tipping means, control valve and main valve being enclosed in a casing with a perforated bottom, said casing being providea above the open bowl with a depression having perforations, the tipping means having a closed air chamber extending upwards over the upper edge of the open bowl and having in common with said bowl a flat bottc~, and being connected with said bowl by means of a narrow slit adjacent the bottom over a greater portion of the width of the bowl.
In one embodiment of the present invention the air chamber is also connected to the open bowl by at least onc duct extending from an opening in the wall of the air chamber, facing the open bowl and to the opposite end of said bowl, and said duct is provided with a na~ ow sl.it ad-jacent the bottom of said howl. and al.ong its whole lcngth.
Suitably a stepped block is provi.ded which is arranged for displacement at r.ight angles to thc~ Earther c~nd o the air chamber ancl its steps serve as stro~e-l.imiting and selecting stops for the tipping means.
In a further embodiment o~ the present invention the control valve has a spindle extending vertically upwards, about which a float is attached, the projection being arranged to engage against the upper end of said spindle and hold the control valve closed, as long as the open bowl is filled with water.
~ uitably the float is surrounded by a bowl which is circular upwardly, open and increasing upwardly in diameter with a side opening ahove the ~rop means an~ an overflow, sald bowl being covered by a lid with a central opening for the spindle and a dependent rim fitting into the bowl, with a narrow groove directly facing the side opening, said groove being suh-stantially as wide as the side opening and the float is dimen-sioned so that when the bowl is filled with water to the overflow, it gives the spindle a substantially upwardly directed force.
The present invention will be further illustrated by way of the accompanying drawings in which:
- Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section through an irrigation device in accordance with the embodiment of the invention in a position for irrigation;
Fig. 2 illustrates a detail of the embodiment of Fig.
1 in a closing position;
Fig. 3 is a section along the line III-III in Fig. l;
and Fig. 4 is a section along the line IV-IV in Fig. 2.
A casing 11 enclosing the device is formed from two parts which slide into each other with a substantially flat bottom 21 having perforations 22 and a roof 33 provided with a rainwater collecting depression 12, the substantially flat bottom of which is provided with perforations 13.
~le bottom 21 carrics a ~in valve 1, with an inlet 2 extending out of t~le casing 11 and a~apted for connection to a water pi~e, as well as an outlet 3 adapted Eor connection to an irrigation apparatus (not shown).
~le main valve 1 ccmprises a valve bodv 4 in the form of a differential piston with a narrow gauge central bore 5 to its major side, from which a duct 6 extends substantially vertically to a control valve 7 with a vertical spindle 25 having a float 26 fastened thereto. The float 26 is surrounded bv an upwardly open circular bowl 27 with an overflow 8 and a side opening 29. The wall 34 of the bowl 27 diverges upwardly. A cover 30 with a central opening for the ..~v "~
~S~3 spi.n~le 25 is pLovide~i wi.th a clepelldent rim 32 rotatabl~ fittirly in the bowl 27 and with a narrow ~Iroove 31 opposite the sicle open-ing 29 of the bowl 27. The width of the groove 31 subs-tantially corresponds to the side opening 29. 'I`ogether, they constitute a throuyh passage to a drop means 9 having a nose or spout. The siae opening 29, which is in the form of a slit, is thus connected to the reservoir of water in the circular bowl 27 by means of the narrow groove 31 and thus the discharge of water through the slit 29 is very slight such that it delivers the liquid dropwise. The reservoir thus may contain more water and overflow the slit 29 and such overflow is accommodated by the overflow 28. The area of the throu~h passage defined by the groove 31 and the sli.t 29 can be adjusted by rotating the cover 30 in the bowl 27 thus in-creasing or decreasing the overlap between the slit 29 and the groove 31 and thus the rate of passage of water through the slit 29 is adjustable and as such the rate of formation of drops or the cirop means 9.
In the casing a pivoting means, consisting of two bowls 8, 14 with a common flat bottom 16 is provided on either side of a piVOt.illg shaft 35. Of these ~owls, the bowl 8 i.s ul~wardly open anci disposcd undcr the casing de~)ression 12 and under the drop means 9. The otller bowl 14 has a c:Loscd air chamber 15, from the roof of which a ~rojection 10 in the ~orm of an arm extends in over the spi.ndle 25. Thc~ ai.r chamber 15 is connected to the opell howl 8 by a narrow transverse slit 17 ~djacent the common bottom 16, and by means of at least one duct 18 passing to the opposite end of the open bowl 8 with a narrow length-wise slit 20 adjacent the bottom 16. The cross section of the duct 18 is optional. All that is important is that the extending of the roof increases continuously from being negligibly larger than the width of the slit 20 at the furthermost end or the open bowl 8 to a maximum a-t its opening into the air chamber 15. The ~S~i~3 height of -the opening is determineci by the quantity of water de-sired to be retained in the air chamber 15 and the air volume of the latter. The opening height must be somewhat larger than the ~um of the width of the slits 17, 20 and the maximum difference in the day and night levels of the water in the air chamber 15.
On the bottom 21 of the casing 11 there is disposed a staircase shaped ~lock 23 beneath the air chamber end which can be displaced with respect to the pivoting shaft 35.
The apparatus operates as follows:-- 5a -5~3 seqinning with the situation in which the open bowl 8 is full of water and has caused the pivoting means to tip in this direction, the projecting portion of arm 10 engages against the spindle 25 so -that the spindle 25 presses the control valve 7 sealingly against its seating. In this manner, the pressure against the major side 36 of the differential piston 4 will be equal to the pressure in the water pipe and cause the main valve 1 to shut off the flow to the irrigation installation. The water in the float bowl 27 has dropped down from the drop means 9 into the open bowl 8, so that the float chamber 27 is emptv and the weight of the float 26 coacts with the arm 10 to keep the control valve 7 in a closed position.
If a period of fine weather now occurs, the water in the open how] 8 will evaporate and exit through the perforations 13. The pressure of the arm 10 against the spindle 25 is thus reduced, whi]e the water enclosed in the air chamber ~ will remain substantially unaltered. E~or a given water level in the open bowl 8, the water ~rcssure propac3atc!d via the through bore 5 in the differential piston ~, and khe duct 6 to the cont~ol valve 7 will press ac3ainst the control valve 7 so that it opens ~omewhat and lets water into the float bowl 27. The 10at 26 presses the s~indl.e 25 u~wards towards the arm 10 so that this causes the tilting means to tip over ~owards the air chamber side. Since the float bowl 27 is now filled to the over10w 28, water will pass out through the groove 31 and side opening 29 to the drop means 9, from which it drops down onto the open bowl 8 at a rate which can be adjusted by turning the lid or cover 30. When the weight of water in the open bowl 8 has risen to a given value, it causes the tipping means to tip back again to the starting position, and via the arm 10 press the con-trol valve 7 and main valve 1 to a closed position. The water in the float bowl 27 drops down into the open bowl so that the - . ~. , '~ A ' float 26 will coact with the arm 10 to keep the valves 1 and 7 in a closed position, whereafter the sequence described above starts once again.
The temperature oE the air in the air chamber 15 na-turally alters in accordance with that of the surroundings and thereby also its volume. As a result a portion of the water in the bottom basin of the air chamber 15 will be forced out into the open bowl 8 via the transverse slit 17 during the day and sucked back again during the night. In turn, this causes the tipping means to be in an open position during irrigation times, i.e. tipped towards the edge chamber side during the night and in a closed position during the day. Irrigation thus always takes place at night, which is best Eor plant growth and is pro-vided by the air chamber 15.
If the slit 17 were the only connection between the air chamber 15 and the open bowl 8,/there would be difficulties in obtaining as much water in the air chamber 15 as required to obtain sharp and distinct motion from the clos~d ~day-t~me) to the oF~en(night-time) position. These difficulties arc overcome by means of tlle duct 18, which allows wat~r to bc tak~n into the air chamber 15 sucll that i~s sllr~ace coincides w;ith the top of the duct opening wherl the tipping means is tipped maximally over towards the air chamber si(1c.
To adjllst the ma~imum tipping of the tipping means towards the air chamber side, which determines the lcngth of the irrigation periods, the block 23 is displaceable such that its steps 24 form stops limiting the tipping angle.
Swedish Patent specification 353,210 discloses the provision of irrigation apparatus connected to a water pipe with an automatic regulating device by means of whieh irrigation is coupled in for periods with adjustable length, broken by water-less periods with a length dependent on the relative humidity of the surrounding air. This device comprises a main valve with a valve body formed as a differential piston, having a small-bore central through duet to its major side, a duct from this major 'side to a eontrol valve whieh is arranged to elose and open the main valve when it closes and opens said duct, as well as a pivoting means wi.th an open bowl, arranged to be supplied with water from a drop means eontrolled by the eontrol valve, and as soon as the supplied amount of water has reaehed a limiting value to tip over and actuate the control valve by means of a projecting portion sueh that it eloses the main valve and the water flow to the clrop means, keeping them elosed until suE:Eiei.ent wa~er has eval.)oratecl ~rom t,he bowl so that the ti.ppi.nc3 means tlps hack agai.n, ~he ~ro-jec~inc3 porti.on dis-en~aginc3 the control valve so ~llat tl-e ].atte.r rec)pens the mai.n valve and the wate:r flow to the drop means. It has been found desirable to arranc3e t:llat the irr:i,gation takes place substantial.ly at night, and that the lc~ cJth oF the waterless periods wil.l also be dependellt on rainfall.
According to the present invention there is provided a method of automatically regulating an irrigation apparatus connected to a water pipe in which a main valve with a valve body in the form of a differential piston is controlled by a control valve such that its movement between open and closed ' positiolls is provided by the water pressure in the pipe, the -- 1 -- *
control valve being control.led by a tipping means which in a first tipped position causes the control valve to assume a position closing the main valve and in a second tipped position releases the control valve so that the latter can assume a position opening the main valve, the tipped position of the tipping means being determined by the water level in an open bowl on one side of said means said bowl being supplied with water in the form of drops at an adjustable rate from a drop means as long as the control valve is in an open position, while the drops are interrupted when the tipping means is caused to tip over towards the s:ide of the bowl by the increased water level in the bowl and thereby close the control valve and there-after lose water by evaporation until the reduced water level allows the tipping means to tip back again to its opposite position for opening the control val.ve, the pressure of air, controlled by the difference between day ancl night temperatures, which is enclosed .in an air chamber on the opposite side of the tipping means causing the watcr at the bottom o~ the air chamber to be forced out via a slit in an intermcdiate wall between said bottom and the open bow]. into thc! open bowl during the day and to be sucked into th~ bottom durir)c~ the night.
The present invention a:l.so provides an apparatus for automatically re~u].ating an i.rric3ation apparatus connected t.o a valve pipe which apparatus compri.ses a main valve with an inlet, an outlet and a valve body includincJ a differential piston, with a narrow central throuyh bore to a major side thereof, a duct from said side to a control valve which is arranged when it closes and opens the duct to close and open the main valve, tipping means having an open bowl arranged to be supplied with water from a drop means controlled by the control valve and adapted when the amount of water Su~p]ied has reached , ~
~C~ 3 a limitin~ value to ti.p over and thereby in cooperation with a yrojection to act on the con-trol valve to close the main valve and the water flow to the ~rop means and to keep them closed until sufficient water has evaporated from the bowl when the tipping means tips back again, whereby the projection re-leases the control valve so that the latter reopens the main valve and the water flow to the drop means, the tipping means, control valve and main valve being enclosed in a casing with a perforated bottom, said casing being providea above the open bowl with a depression having perforations, the tipping means having a closed air chamber extending upwards over the upper edge of the open bowl and having in common with said bowl a flat bottc~, and being connected with said bowl by means of a narrow slit adjacent the bottom over a greater portion of the width of the bowl.
In one embodiment of the present invention the air chamber is also connected to the open bowl by at least onc duct extending from an opening in the wall of the air chamber, facing the open bowl and to the opposite end of said bowl, and said duct is provided with a na~ ow sl.it ad-jacent the bottom of said howl. and al.ong its whole lcngth.
Suitably a stepped block is provi.ded which is arranged for displacement at r.ight angles to thc~ Earther c~nd o the air chamber ancl its steps serve as stro~e-l.imiting and selecting stops for the tipping means.
In a further embodiment o~ the present invention the control valve has a spindle extending vertically upwards, about which a float is attached, the projection being arranged to engage against the upper end of said spindle and hold the control valve closed, as long as the open bowl is filled with water.
~ uitably the float is surrounded by a bowl which is circular upwardly, open and increasing upwardly in diameter with a side opening ahove the ~rop means an~ an overflow, sald bowl being covered by a lid with a central opening for the spindle and a dependent rim fitting into the bowl, with a narrow groove directly facing the side opening, said groove being suh-stantially as wide as the side opening and the float is dimen-sioned so that when the bowl is filled with water to the overflow, it gives the spindle a substantially upwardly directed force.
The present invention will be further illustrated by way of the accompanying drawings in which:
- Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section through an irrigation device in accordance with the embodiment of the invention in a position for irrigation;
Fig. 2 illustrates a detail of the embodiment of Fig.
1 in a closing position;
Fig. 3 is a section along the line III-III in Fig. l;
and Fig. 4 is a section along the line IV-IV in Fig. 2.
A casing 11 enclosing the device is formed from two parts which slide into each other with a substantially flat bottom 21 having perforations 22 and a roof 33 provided with a rainwater collecting depression 12, the substantially flat bottom of which is provided with perforations 13.
~le bottom 21 carrics a ~in valve 1, with an inlet 2 extending out of t~le casing 11 and a~apted for connection to a water pi~e, as well as an outlet 3 adapted Eor connection to an irrigation apparatus (not shown).
~le main valve 1 ccmprises a valve bodv 4 in the form of a differential piston with a narrow gauge central bore 5 to its major side, from which a duct 6 extends substantially vertically to a control valve 7 with a vertical spindle 25 having a float 26 fastened thereto. The float 26 is surrounded bv an upwardly open circular bowl 27 with an overflow 8 and a side opening 29. The wall 34 of the bowl 27 diverges upwardly. A cover 30 with a central opening for the ..~v "~
~S~3 spi.n~le 25 is pLovide~i wi.th a clepelldent rim 32 rotatabl~ fittirly in the bowl 27 and with a narrow ~Iroove 31 opposite the sicle open-ing 29 of the bowl 27. The width of the groove 31 subs-tantially corresponds to the side opening 29. 'I`ogether, they constitute a throuyh passage to a drop means 9 having a nose or spout. The siae opening 29, which is in the form of a slit, is thus connected to the reservoir of water in the circular bowl 27 by means of the narrow groove 31 and thus the discharge of water through the slit 29 is very slight such that it delivers the liquid dropwise. The reservoir thus may contain more water and overflow the slit 29 and such overflow is accommodated by the overflow 28. The area of the throu~h passage defined by the groove 31 and the sli.t 29 can be adjusted by rotating the cover 30 in the bowl 27 thus in-creasing or decreasing the overlap between the slit 29 and the groove 31 and thus the rate of passage of water through the slit 29 is adjustable and as such the rate of formation of drops or the cirop means 9.
In the casing a pivoting means, consisting of two bowls 8, 14 with a common flat bottom 16 is provided on either side of a piVOt.illg shaft 35. Of these ~owls, the bowl 8 i.s ul~wardly open anci disposcd undcr the casing de~)ression 12 and under the drop means 9. The otller bowl 14 has a c:Loscd air chamber 15, from the roof of which a ~rojection 10 in the ~orm of an arm extends in over the spi.ndle 25. Thc~ ai.r chamber 15 is connected to the opell howl 8 by a narrow transverse slit 17 ~djacent the common bottom 16, and by means of at least one duct 18 passing to the opposite end of the open bowl 8 with a narrow length-wise slit 20 adjacent the bottom 16. The cross section of the duct 18 is optional. All that is important is that the extending of the roof increases continuously from being negligibly larger than the width of the slit 20 at the furthermost end or the open bowl 8 to a maximum a-t its opening into the air chamber 15. The ~S~i~3 height of -the opening is determineci by the quantity of water de-sired to be retained in the air chamber 15 and the air volume of the latter. The opening height must be somewhat larger than the ~um of the width of the slits 17, 20 and the maximum difference in the day and night levels of the water in the air chamber 15.
On the bottom 21 of the casing 11 there is disposed a staircase shaped ~lock 23 beneath the air chamber end which can be displaced with respect to the pivoting shaft 35.
The apparatus operates as follows:-- 5a -5~3 seqinning with the situation in which the open bowl 8 is full of water and has caused the pivoting means to tip in this direction, the projecting portion of arm 10 engages against the spindle 25 so -that the spindle 25 presses the control valve 7 sealingly against its seating. In this manner, the pressure against the major side 36 of the differential piston 4 will be equal to the pressure in the water pipe and cause the main valve 1 to shut off the flow to the irrigation installation. The water in the float bowl 27 has dropped down from the drop means 9 into the open bowl 8, so that the float chamber 27 is emptv and the weight of the float 26 coacts with the arm 10 to keep the control valve 7 in a closed position.
If a period of fine weather now occurs, the water in the open how] 8 will evaporate and exit through the perforations 13. The pressure of the arm 10 against the spindle 25 is thus reduced, whi]e the water enclosed in the air chamber ~ will remain substantially unaltered. E~or a given water level in the open bowl 8, the water ~rcssure propac3atc!d via the through bore 5 in the differential piston ~, and khe duct 6 to the cont~ol valve 7 will press ac3ainst the control valve 7 so that it opens ~omewhat and lets water into the float bowl 27. The 10at 26 presses the s~indl.e 25 u~wards towards the arm 10 so that this causes the tilting means to tip over ~owards the air chamber side. Since the float bowl 27 is now filled to the over10w 28, water will pass out through the groove 31 and side opening 29 to the drop means 9, from which it drops down onto the open bowl 8 at a rate which can be adjusted by turning the lid or cover 30. When the weight of water in the open bowl 8 has risen to a given value, it causes the tipping means to tip back again to the starting position, and via the arm 10 press the con-trol valve 7 and main valve 1 to a closed position. The water in the float bowl 27 drops down into the open bowl so that the - . ~. , '~ A ' float 26 will coact with the arm 10 to keep the valves 1 and 7 in a closed position, whereafter the sequence described above starts once again.
The temperature oE the air in the air chamber 15 na-turally alters in accordance with that of the surroundings and thereby also its volume. As a result a portion of the water in the bottom basin of the air chamber 15 will be forced out into the open bowl 8 via the transverse slit 17 during the day and sucked back again during the night. In turn, this causes the tipping means to be in an open position during irrigation times, i.e. tipped towards the edge chamber side during the night and in a closed position during the day. Irrigation thus always takes place at night, which is best Eor plant growth and is pro-vided by the air chamber 15.
If the slit 17 were the only connection between the air chamber 15 and the open bowl 8,/there would be difficulties in obtaining as much water in the air chamber 15 as required to obtain sharp and distinct motion from the clos~d ~day-t~me) to the oF~en(night-time) position. These difficulties arc overcome by means of tlle duct 18, which allows wat~r to bc tak~n into the air chamber 15 sucll that i~s sllr~ace coincides w;ith the top of the duct opening wherl the tipping means is tipped maximally over towards the air chamber si(1c.
To adjllst the ma~imum tipping of the tipping means towards the air chamber side, which determines the lcngth of the irrigation periods, the block 23 is displaceable such that its steps 24 form stops limiting the tipping angle.
Claims (6)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A method of automatically regulating an irrigation apparatus connected to a water pipe in which a main valve with a valve body in the form of a differential piston is controlled by a control valve such that its movement between open and closed positions is provided by the water pressure in the pipe, the control valve being controlled by a tipping means which in a first tipped position causes the control valve to assume a position closing the main valve and in a second tipped position releases the control valve so that the latter can assume a posi-tion opening the main valve, the tipped position of the tipping means being determined by the water level in an open bowl on one side of said means, said bowl being supplied with water in the form of drops at an adjustable rate from a drop means as long as the control valve is in an open position, while the drops are interrupted when the tipping means is caused to tip over towards the side of the bowl by the increased water level in the bowl and thereby close the control valve and thereafter lose water by evaporation until. the reduced water level allows the tipping means to tip hack again to its opposite position for opening the control valve, the pressure of air, controlled by the difference between day and night temperatures which is enclosed in an air chamber on the opposite side of the tipping means causing the water at the bottom of the air chamber 15 to be forced out via a slit in an intermediate wall between said bottom and the open bowl into the open bowl during the day and to be sucked into the bottom during the night.
2. Apparatus for automatically regulating an irrigation apparatus connected to a valve pipe which apparatus comprises a main valve with an inlet, an outlet and a valve body including a differential piston, with a narrow central through bore to a major side thereof, a duct from said side to a control valve which is arranged when it closes and opens the duct to close and open the main valve, tipping means having an open bowl arranged to be supplied with water from a drop means controlled by the control valve and adapted when the amount of water supplied has reached a limiting value to tip over and thereby in cooperation with a projection to act on the control valve to close the main valve and the water flow to the drop means and to keep them closed until sufficient water has evaporated from the bowl when the tipping means tips back again, whereby the projection releases the control valve so that the latter reopens the main valve, and the water flow to the drop means, the tipping means, control valve and main valve being enclosed in a casing with a perforated bottom, said casing being provided above the open bowl with a depression having perforations, the tipping means having a closed air chamber extending upwards over the upper edge of the open bowl and having in common with said bowl a flat bottom, and being connected with said bowl by means of a narrow slit adjacent the bottom over a greater portion of the width of the bowl.
3. An apparatus as claimed in claim 2, in which the air chamber is also connected to the open bowl by at least one duct extending from an opening in the wall of the air chamber, facing the open bowl and to the opposite end of said bowl, and said duct is provided with a narrow slit adjacent the bottom of said bowl and along its whole length.
4. An apparatus as claimed in claim 2 or 3, in which a stepped block is arranged for displacement at right angles to the farther end of the air chamber and its steps serve as stroke-limiting and selecting stops for tipping means.
5. An apparatus as claimed in claim 2, in which the control valve has a spindle extending vertically upwards,about which a float is attached, the projection being arranged to engage against the upper end of said spindle and hold the con-trol valve closed, as long as the open bowl is filled with water.
6. An apparatus as claimed in claim 5, in which the float is surrounded by a bowl which is circular upwardly open and increasing upwardly in diameter with a side opening above the drop means and an overflow, said bowl being covered by a lid with a central opening for the spindle and a dependent rim fitting into the bowl, with a narrow groove directly facing the side opening, said groove being substantially as wide as the side opening and the float is dimensioned so that when the bowl is filled with water to the overflow, it gives the spindle a substantially upwardly directed force.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000341335A CA1145643A (en) | 1979-12-06 | 1979-12-06 | Method and means for automatic watering |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000341335A CA1145643A (en) | 1979-12-06 | 1979-12-06 | Method and means for automatic watering |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1145643A true CA1145643A (en) | 1983-05-03 |
Family
ID=4115764
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000341335A Expired CA1145643A (en) | 1979-12-06 | 1979-12-06 | Method and means for automatic watering |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1145643A (en) |
-
1979
- 1979-12-06 CA CA000341335A patent/CA1145643A/en not_active Expired
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |