CA1144407A - Dryer felt fabric - Google Patents
Dryer felt fabricInfo
- Publication number
- CA1144407A CA1144407A CA000358271A CA358271A CA1144407A CA 1144407 A CA1144407 A CA 1144407A CA 000358271 A CA000358271 A CA 000358271A CA 358271 A CA358271 A CA 358271A CA 1144407 A CA1144407 A CA 1144407A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- fabric
- machine direction
- cross
- direction yarns
- yarns
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
- D21F1/00—Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
- D21F1/0027—Screen-cloths
- D21F1/0036—Multi-layer screen-cloths
Landscapes
- Paper (AREA)
- Woven Fabrics (AREA)
Abstract
DRYER FELT FABRIC
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
The disclosure is of a novel dryer felt or dryer felt fabric for use in a paper making machine. The fabric is characterized in part by a paper contacting surface free of the load-bearing monofilament machine direction yarns. The fabric has an enhanced operating life as a dryer felt since the machine direction yarns are protected from direct contact with the paper sheet.
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
The disclosure is of a novel dryer felt or dryer felt fabric for use in a paper making machine. The fabric is characterized in part by a paper contacting surface free of the load-bearing monofilament machine direction yarns. The fabric has an enhanced operating life as a dryer felt since the machine direction yarns are protected from direct contact with the paper sheet.
Description
2002-4l2 DRYEP~ FELT FABRIC
JTE:tm BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
__ _,_ l. Field of the Invention The invention relates to paper machine clothing and more particularly relates to fabrics useful as dryer felts, and their use.
JTE:tm BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
__ _,_ l. Field of the Invention The invention relates to paper machine clothing and more particularly relates to fabrics useful as dryer felts, and their use.
2. Brief Description of the Prior Art The art i5 replete with descriptions of dryer felts and dryer felt fabrics. In spite of the wide variety of materia1s available, the ideal dryer fabric is yet to be follnd.
In recent years, dryer fabrics have been developed which are constructed partially or entirely from monofilaments.
~owever, such fabrics have not been entirely satisfactory when employed to fashion dryer felts. The monofilaments are subject to abrasion and moist heat hydrolysis. In the prior art constructions the load bearing machine direction monofilament yarns may be rapidly degraded under some conditions o use so thdt the life of the d yer felt is shortened.
I , 11~'L~5)7 II
With the structured faorics of the present invention, employed as dryer felts, the cross-machine direction yarns support the paper sheet being dried. The monofilament machine direction yarns are thus protected from direct contact with degradative elements. The overall operating life of the dryer felt is significantly increased over felts where the monofilament machine direction yarns are in contact with the paper sheet being dried.
SUM~!IARY OF THE INVENTI ON
The invention comprises a fabric for use as a paper machine dryer felt, which comprises;
a first sinuous layer of cross-machine direction yarns, providing a fabric first periphery of peaks and valleys wherein a plurality of peaks are in a first outside plane and the valley floors are in a first inside plane;
a second sinuous layer of cross-machine direction yarns, providing a fabric second periphery of peaks and valleys wherein a plurality of peaks are in a second outside plane and the valley ~loors are in a second inside plane;
a plurality of monofilament machine direction yarns positioned between the first and second outside planes and interweaving the cross-machine direc,ion yarns of the first and second layers at points between the outside and inside planes of at least one of said first ~nd second layers and ~ 1' 114~407 at points within the periphery of the other of said first and second layers.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
. _ __ _ . _ Figure 1 is a cross-sectional, side elevation of a portion of a preferred embodiment fabric of the invention.
Figure 2 is a schematic view of a portion of a drying section in a paper making machine.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED
E~ODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION
Figure 1 is an enlarged, cross-sectional, side elevation of a portion of a fabric 10 of the invention.
The fabric 10 comprises a first sinuous layer 12 of mono-filament cross-machine direction yarns 14. The layer 12 ~orms a periphery of fabric 10 which in side profile shows peaks 16 and valley floors 18. A plurality of at least two peaks 16 in layer 12 are in a single plane forming an outer periphery of fabric 10. Preferably at least about 50 percent, most preferably all or substantially all of the peaks 16 are in the aforesaid plane. Valley floors 18 are in a separate plane inside of the plane formed by the peaks 16.
A second sinuous layer 20 of monofilament cross-machine direction yarns 14' forms another periphery of the fabric 10 whic~ also appears, in side profile, as peaks 16'
In recent years, dryer fabrics have been developed which are constructed partially or entirely from monofilaments.
~owever, such fabrics have not been entirely satisfactory when employed to fashion dryer felts. The monofilaments are subject to abrasion and moist heat hydrolysis. In the prior art constructions the load bearing machine direction monofilament yarns may be rapidly degraded under some conditions o use so thdt the life of the d yer felt is shortened.
I , 11~'L~5)7 II
With the structured faorics of the present invention, employed as dryer felts, the cross-machine direction yarns support the paper sheet being dried. The monofilament machine direction yarns are thus protected from direct contact with degradative elements. The overall operating life of the dryer felt is significantly increased over felts where the monofilament machine direction yarns are in contact with the paper sheet being dried.
SUM~!IARY OF THE INVENTI ON
The invention comprises a fabric for use as a paper machine dryer felt, which comprises;
a first sinuous layer of cross-machine direction yarns, providing a fabric first periphery of peaks and valleys wherein a plurality of peaks are in a first outside plane and the valley floors are in a first inside plane;
a second sinuous layer of cross-machine direction yarns, providing a fabric second periphery of peaks and valleys wherein a plurality of peaks are in a second outside plane and the valley ~loors are in a second inside plane;
a plurality of monofilament machine direction yarns positioned between the first and second outside planes and interweaving the cross-machine direc,ion yarns of the first and second layers at points between the outside and inside planes of at least one of said first ~nd second layers and ~ 1' 114~407 at points within the periphery of the other of said first and second layers.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
. _ __ _ . _ Figure 1 is a cross-sectional, side elevation of a portion of a preferred embodiment fabric of the invention.
Figure 2 is a schematic view of a portion of a drying section in a paper making machine.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED
E~ODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION
Figure 1 is an enlarged, cross-sectional, side elevation of a portion of a fabric 10 of the invention.
The fabric 10 comprises a first sinuous layer 12 of mono-filament cross-machine direction yarns 14. The layer 12 ~orms a periphery of fabric 10 which in side profile shows peaks 16 and valley floors 18. A plurality of at least two peaks 16 in layer 12 are in a single plane forming an outer periphery of fabric 10. Preferably at least about 50 percent, most preferably all or substantially all of the peaks 16 are in the aforesaid plane. Valley floors 18 are in a separate plane inside of the plane formed by the peaks 16.
A second sinuous layer 20 of monofilament cross-machine direction yarns 14' forms another periphery of the fabric 10 whic~ also appears, in side profile, as peaks 16'
-3-I
and valley floors 18'. A plurality of at least two of the peaks 16' are in a single plane forming the outer periphery ~preferably at least about 50 percent, most preferably all of the peaks 16' are in the periphery). Valley floors 18' are in a separate, single plane inside of the plane formed by peaks 16'.
A plurality of monofilament machine direction yarns 22 are posi~ioned between the outer fabric periphery formed by the out~ide planes, formed by the peaks 16 ~nd the peaks 16' and interweave with the cross-machine direction yarns 14, 14' at points between the respective planes of peaks 16, valley floors 18 and peaks 16', valley floors 18'. ~hus, I
as shown in Figure 1, the knuckles of load bearing machin~
direction yarns 22 are below the peaks 16, 16' at the point where they int:erweave with the cross-machine direction yarns 14, 14' and do not come into direct contact with the sheet 24 of paper carried on fabric 10, when fabric 10 is employed as a dryer fabric on a paper making machine.
The sheet 24 is supported on the peaks 16 of the cross-machine direction yarn 14~ On the side of fabric 10 facing away from the carried sheet, the machine direction yarns 22 are also protected by the outwardly projecting peaks 16' from contact with elements of the paper making machine which might hasten abrasion or other dPgradation of the important load bearing machine direction yarns. However, it will be l appreciated that the greates~ degradation of yarns in a dryer 3.1~ '7 I
fabric occurs in those monofilament yarns in contact with sheet 24. Thus, it is not critical that yarns 22 be pro~ected by peaks 16' on the side of the fabric facing away from the carried sheet 24 although such is obviously preferred, Within the scope of the invention are fabrics where the yarns 22 are on the outer periphery of layer 20 where they pass through layer 20.
In the embodiment fabri.c 10 the machine direction yarns 22 within layer 12 are paired with the yarns 22 within layer 20 and the yarns ~ithin the pairs are slightly offset from each other in regard to ~ertical alignment, as they knuckle over the cross-machine direction yarns 14, 14'. There are, in the weaving patte.rn, 4 sets of maclline direction yarn 22 pairs.
One pair interweaves with every fourth of c~ross-machine direction yarn,s 14, 14' and then the pattern repeats.
Preferably, the machine direction yarns pass over at least one cross-machine direction yarn, under at least one following cross-machine direction yarn and over at least one further following cross-machine direction yarn of the upper cross-machine direction layer before running down to interconnect the lower cross-machine direction layer with the upper cross-machine direction layer, the machine yarns and cross-machine direction yarns being thus interconnected in a repeat pattern.
Il Of course the weave will be such that the relationship of the machine direction yarns and the upper layer of cross-machine lll Il -5~
::1.144~V7 direction yarns will be such that the plane of the upper surfaces of the portions of the cross-machine direction yarns of the upper layer over which the machine direction yarns pass is relatively elevated in a direction away from the plane of the upper surface of the fabric; and the plane of the exposed upper surfaces of the portions of the machine direction yarns in the uppe.r layer under which the cross-machine direction yarns pass is relatively depressed in the opposite direction, ~ereby the differences i.n elevation between the exposed upper surface portions of the machine direction yarns are protected from contact with paper sheet which contacts the surface of the cross-machine direction yarns in the upper layer.
Th.e yarns 14, 14' and 22 may be monofilaments on any synthetic polymeric resin. The yarns 14 and 14' may also be multifilament yarns. Representative of .ll such multi- and monofilaments are yarns of polyester, 1~ polyamide, polyolefin, polyaramid, polyimide and the 'li like. Generally such yarns having diameters of from 10 to 40 mils are advantageously employed in the fabrics of the invention.
;,
and valley floors 18'. A plurality of at least two of the peaks 16' are in a single plane forming the outer periphery ~preferably at least about 50 percent, most preferably all of the peaks 16' are in the periphery). Valley floors 18' are in a separate, single plane inside of the plane formed by peaks 16'.
A plurality of monofilament machine direction yarns 22 are posi~ioned between the outer fabric periphery formed by the out~ide planes, formed by the peaks 16 ~nd the peaks 16' and interweave with the cross-machine direction yarns 14, 14' at points between the respective planes of peaks 16, valley floors 18 and peaks 16', valley floors 18'. ~hus, I
as shown in Figure 1, the knuckles of load bearing machin~
direction yarns 22 are below the peaks 16, 16' at the point where they int:erweave with the cross-machine direction yarns 14, 14' and do not come into direct contact with the sheet 24 of paper carried on fabric 10, when fabric 10 is employed as a dryer fabric on a paper making machine.
The sheet 24 is supported on the peaks 16 of the cross-machine direction yarn 14~ On the side of fabric 10 facing away from the carried sheet, the machine direction yarns 22 are also protected by the outwardly projecting peaks 16' from contact with elements of the paper making machine which might hasten abrasion or other dPgradation of the important load bearing machine direction yarns. However, it will be l appreciated that the greates~ degradation of yarns in a dryer 3.1~ '7 I
fabric occurs in those monofilament yarns in contact with sheet 24. Thus, it is not critical that yarns 22 be pro~ected by peaks 16' on the side of the fabric facing away from the carried sheet 24 although such is obviously preferred, Within the scope of the invention are fabrics where the yarns 22 are on the outer periphery of layer 20 where they pass through layer 20.
In the embodiment fabri.c 10 the machine direction yarns 22 within layer 12 are paired with the yarns 22 within layer 20 and the yarns ~ithin the pairs are slightly offset from each other in regard to ~ertical alignment, as they knuckle over the cross-machine direction yarns 14, 14'. There are, in the weaving patte.rn, 4 sets of maclline direction yarn 22 pairs.
One pair interweaves with every fourth of c~ross-machine direction yarn,s 14, 14' and then the pattern repeats.
Preferably, the machine direction yarns pass over at least one cross-machine direction yarn, under at least one following cross-machine direction yarn and over at least one further following cross-machine direction yarn of the upper cross-machine direction layer before running down to interconnect the lower cross-machine direction layer with the upper cross-machine direction layer, the machine yarns and cross-machine direction yarns being thus interconnected in a repeat pattern.
Il Of course the weave will be such that the relationship of the machine direction yarns and the upper layer of cross-machine lll Il -5~
::1.144~V7 direction yarns will be such that the plane of the upper surfaces of the portions of the cross-machine direction yarns of the upper layer over which the machine direction yarns pass is relatively elevated in a direction away from the plane of the upper surface of the fabric; and the plane of the exposed upper surfaces of the portions of the machine direction yarns in the uppe.r layer under which the cross-machine direction yarns pass is relatively depressed in the opposite direction, ~ereby the differences i.n elevation between the exposed upper surface portions of the machine direction yarns are protected from contact with paper sheet which contacts the surface of the cross-machine direction yarns in the upper layer.
Th.e yarns 14, 14' and 22 may be monofilaments on any synthetic polymeric resin. The yarns 14 and 14' may also be multifilament yarns. Representative of .ll such multi- and monofilaments are yarns of polyester, 1~ polyamide, polyolefin, polyaramid, polyimide and the 'li like. Generally such yarns having diameters of from 10 to 40 mils are advantageously employed in the fabrics of the invention.
;,
4~
Following the weaving of the fabrics of the invention, theyare heat set to stabilize the fabric and to draw the yarns into their desired relative positions. The machine direction yarns 22 are drawn inwardly of the outer surfaces of the fabric 10 ~ and this pressure "crimps" the yarns 18, 18' so that the peaks 16,16' are displaced to the outside plane of the fabric as previously ~escribed. The degree of heat-setting required to achieve the desired structure of the fabric 10 will of course vary depending on the nature of the yarns 14, 14' and 22.
~ ~Iowever, optim~ times, temperatures and tensions placed on the fabric during heat-setting can be determined by those skilled in the art, employing trial and error technique for the different ~arn materials. In general, heat-setting may be carried out at temperatures of from about 150 F. to 375F for from 15 to 60 minutes, The fabrics of the invention may be woven flat and the ends joined by conventional seaming methods, known to those skilled in the art. The seamed belts so made are readily employed as dryer felts in the dryer section 30 of a paper making machine as shown in Figure 2. As shown in Figure 2, the paper sheet 24 is held against the steam cylinders 32 by the endless belt 34 of fabric 10 during passage of sheet 24 through dryer section 30.
The following example sets forth the best mode con-templated by the inventors of making and using the invention ~ but are not to be considered as limiting.
'7 .
., A fabric is prepared in a duplex weave of 0.020"
diameter polyester monofilament (24 per inch) machine direction yarns and 0.020" diameter polyamide monofilament machine I direction yarns (24 per inch) for a total of 48 machine direction yarns per inch interwoven with 0.020" diameter polyester mono filament (48 per inch; 24 top and 24 bottom) filling or cross-machine direction yarns. After heat setting, a fabric is obtained having only cross-machine direction yarns in the ~ outer plane of the fabric. A representative portion of the fabric prepared is subjected to physical testing. The physical properties found are shown in Table I, below.
This is not an example of the invention, but is made for comparison purposes. A fabric is woven in a duplex weave (4 warps and 8 pick repeat) with machine and cross-machine direction yarns as follows.
machine direction ~ .020" diameter polyester monofilament at 24 per inch.
.020" diameter polyamide monofilament at 24 per inch.
"laid out in a two and two arrangement"
filling - .020" diameter polyester monofilament at 25 per inch. 12.5 top and 12.5 bottom.
~fter heat-setting, a fabric is obtained wherein the machine direction yarns are in the outer plane of the fabric where they knuckle over the cross-machine direction yarns.
11~4~07 A representative portion of the fabric is tested for its physical properties. The test results are given in I Table I, below.
I i ~, TABLE I
.
~ Fabric of Example 1 Example 2 Weight 3.70 oz/ft2 3.0 oz/ft2 Thickness 0.083" 0.085l' Il Air Permeability: 436 700 l, (measured by Frazier Air ¦~ Permeability Tester;
Ii cubic ft/min of air per l sq. ft. of area at 1/2"
Il H2O pressure drop) li Tensile Strength:
~! (lbs/inch) machine direction1140 923 cross-machine direction 950 512 i' .
I Thermal Sta i ~
~_ ,~(Hot Plate Degradtion)(350F. + 5) ¦ EXAMPLE 1 EXAMPLE 2 ;
Fabric Percent Fabric Percent Strength Strength Strength Strength 1 Hours of Exposure Lbs./in. Retained Lbs /in. Retained , 0 1140 100 923 100 1120 98 8g8 97 , 100 112155 98 7885 9 Taber Abrasion Test - Machine Direction Cross Machine Nylon Polyester Direction EXA~IPLE 1 Lbs.!end % Retained Lbs./end % Retained Lbs./end ~O Retaine~
l, New17.4 - 22.2 - 16 9 500 Cycles 17.0 98 22.2 100 14 1 83 1000 Cycles 15.5 91 22.6 100' 12.8 76 EX~PLE 2 iNew 18.0 - 22.7 - 20.9 500 Cycles 10.2 57 16.8 74 19.5 93 1000 C~cl~s 5.5 31 10.6 47 18.9 90 _g ~ ~L L~f 4~7 Those skilled in the art will appreciate that many modifications of the preferred embodiments described above may be made without departing from the spirit and the scope of the invention. For example, the fabric of ~ the invention may be woven to include various stuffer picks, to obtain fabrics of different permeabilities as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art.
Following the weaving of the fabrics of the invention, theyare heat set to stabilize the fabric and to draw the yarns into their desired relative positions. The machine direction yarns 22 are drawn inwardly of the outer surfaces of the fabric 10 ~ and this pressure "crimps" the yarns 18, 18' so that the peaks 16,16' are displaced to the outside plane of the fabric as previously ~escribed. The degree of heat-setting required to achieve the desired structure of the fabric 10 will of course vary depending on the nature of the yarns 14, 14' and 22.
~ ~Iowever, optim~ times, temperatures and tensions placed on the fabric during heat-setting can be determined by those skilled in the art, employing trial and error technique for the different ~arn materials. In general, heat-setting may be carried out at temperatures of from about 150 F. to 375F for from 15 to 60 minutes, The fabrics of the invention may be woven flat and the ends joined by conventional seaming methods, known to those skilled in the art. The seamed belts so made are readily employed as dryer felts in the dryer section 30 of a paper making machine as shown in Figure 2. As shown in Figure 2, the paper sheet 24 is held against the steam cylinders 32 by the endless belt 34 of fabric 10 during passage of sheet 24 through dryer section 30.
The following example sets forth the best mode con-templated by the inventors of making and using the invention ~ but are not to be considered as limiting.
'7 .
., A fabric is prepared in a duplex weave of 0.020"
diameter polyester monofilament (24 per inch) machine direction yarns and 0.020" diameter polyamide monofilament machine I direction yarns (24 per inch) for a total of 48 machine direction yarns per inch interwoven with 0.020" diameter polyester mono filament (48 per inch; 24 top and 24 bottom) filling or cross-machine direction yarns. After heat setting, a fabric is obtained having only cross-machine direction yarns in the ~ outer plane of the fabric. A representative portion of the fabric prepared is subjected to physical testing. The physical properties found are shown in Table I, below.
This is not an example of the invention, but is made for comparison purposes. A fabric is woven in a duplex weave (4 warps and 8 pick repeat) with machine and cross-machine direction yarns as follows.
machine direction ~ .020" diameter polyester monofilament at 24 per inch.
.020" diameter polyamide monofilament at 24 per inch.
"laid out in a two and two arrangement"
filling - .020" diameter polyester monofilament at 25 per inch. 12.5 top and 12.5 bottom.
~fter heat-setting, a fabric is obtained wherein the machine direction yarns are in the outer plane of the fabric where they knuckle over the cross-machine direction yarns.
11~4~07 A representative portion of the fabric is tested for its physical properties. The test results are given in I Table I, below.
I i ~, TABLE I
.
~ Fabric of Example 1 Example 2 Weight 3.70 oz/ft2 3.0 oz/ft2 Thickness 0.083" 0.085l' Il Air Permeability: 436 700 l, (measured by Frazier Air ¦~ Permeability Tester;
Ii cubic ft/min of air per l sq. ft. of area at 1/2"
Il H2O pressure drop) li Tensile Strength:
~! (lbs/inch) machine direction1140 923 cross-machine direction 950 512 i' .
I Thermal Sta i ~
~_ ,~(Hot Plate Degradtion)(350F. + 5) ¦ EXAMPLE 1 EXAMPLE 2 ;
Fabric Percent Fabric Percent Strength Strength Strength Strength 1 Hours of Exposure Lbs./in. Retained Lbs /in. Retained , 0 1140 100 923 100 1120 98 8g8 97 , 100 112155 98 7885 9 Taber Abrasion Test - Machine Direction Cross Machine Nylon Polyester Direction EXA~IPLE 1 Lbs.!end % Retained Lbs./end % Retained Lbs./end ~O Retaine~
l, New17.4 - 22.2 - 16 9 500 Cycles 17.0 98 22.2 100 14 1 83 1000 Cycles 15.5 91 22.6 100' 12.8 76 EX~PLE 2 iNew 18.0 - 22.7 - 20.9 500 Cycles 10.2 57 16.8 74 19.5 93 1000 C~cl~s 5.5 31 10.6 47 18.9 90 _g ~ ~L L~f 4~7 Those skilled in the art will appreciate that many modifications of the preferred embodiments described above may be made without departing from the spirit and the scope of the invention. For example, the fabric of ~ the invention may be woven to include various stuffer picks, to obtain fabrics of different permeabilities as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art.
Claims (5)
1. A fabric for use as a paper machine dryer felt, which comprises;
a first sinuous layer of cross-machine direction yarns, providing a fabric first periphery of peaks and valleys wherein a plurality of peaks are in a first outside plane and the valley floors are in a first inside plane;
a second sinuous layer of cross-machine direction yarns, providing a fabric second periphery of peaks and valleys wherein a plurality of peaks are in a second outside plant and the valley floors are in a second inside plane;
a plurality of monofilament machine direction yarns positioned between the first and second outside planes and interweaving the cross-machine direction yarns of the first and second outside planes and interweaving the cross-machine direction yarns of the first and second layers at points between the outside and inside planes of at least one of said first and second layers and at points within the periphery of the other of said first and second layers.
a first sinuous layer of cross-machine direction yarns, providing a fabric first periphery of peaks and valleys wherein a plurality of peaks are in a first outside plane and the valley floors are in a first inside plane;
a second sinuous layer of cross-machine direction yarns, providing a fabric second periphery of peaks and valleys wherein a plurality of peaks are in a second outside plant and the valley floors are in a second inside plane;
a plurality of monofilament machine direction yarns positioned between the first and second outside planes and interweaving the cross-machine direction yarns of the first and second outside planes and interweaving the cross-machine direction yarns of the first and second layers at points between the outside and inside planes of at least one of said first and second layers and at points within the periphery of the other of said first and second layers.
2. A dryer felt made up from the fabric of claim 1.
3. The fabric of claim 1 wherein the cross-machine direction yarns are monofilaments.
4. The fabric of claim 1 wherein the cross-machine direction yarns are multifilament yarns.
5. The fabric of claim 1 wherein the machine direction yarns interweave with the cross-machine direction yarns at points between the outside and inside planes of each layer.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US8588379A | 1979-10-17 | 1979-10-17 | |
| US85,883 | 1979-10-17 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1144407A true CA1144407A (en) | 1983-04-12 |
Family
ID=22194594
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000358271A Expired CA1144407A (en) | 1979-10-17 | 1980-08-14 | Dryer felt fabric |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0027716B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS5663092A (en) |
| AR (1) | AR226563A1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE18451T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU541327B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8004757A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1144407A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3071465D1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI77493C (en) |
| MX (1) | MX155248A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE8007255L (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA805077B (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ZA814577B (en) * | 1980-07-10 | 1982-09-29 | Albany Int Corp | Dryer felt fabric |
| US4359069A (en) * | 1980-08-28 | 1982-11-16 | Albany International Corp. | Low density multilayer papermaking fabric |
| US5238537A (en) * | 1981-09-15 | 1993-08-24 | Dutt William H | Extended nip press belt having an interwoven base fabric and an impervious impregnant |
| US5234551A (en) * | 1981-09-24 | 1993-08-10 | Dutt William H | Extended nip press belt having an interwoven base fabric and an impervious impregnant |
| US8836751B2 (en) | 2011-11-08 | 2014-09-16 | Intouch Technologies, Inc. | Tele-presence system with a user interface that displays different communication links |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3139119A (en) * | 1960-05-18 | 1964-06-30 | William E Buchanan | Fourdrinier fabric |
| US3211606A (en) * | 1960-11-25 | 1965-10-12 | Wisconsin Wire Works | Paper making wire |
| DE1611765A1 (en) * | 1968-01-24 | 1971-02-11 | Oberdorfer Metalltuchfabrik F | Process for the production of a paper machine screen and screen produced by this process |
| SE385486B (en) * | 1974-10-10 | 1976-07-05 | Nordiska Maskinfilt Ab | PROPAGATION WIRE FOR PAPER, CELLULOSE OR SIMILAR MACHINES AND MANUFACTURED THE SAME |
| SE397371C (en) * | 1976-02-24 | 1980-08-07 | Nordiska Maskinfilt Ab | PREPARATION VIRUS FOR PAPER, CELLULOSA OR SIMILAR MACHINES |
-
1980
- 1980-07-25 AR AR281914A patent/AR226563A1/en active
- 1980-07-30 BR BR8004757A patent/BR8004757A/en unknown
- 1980-08-14 CA CA000358271A patent/CA1144407A/en not_active Expired
- 1980-08-19 ZA ZA00805077A patent/ZA805077B/en unknown
- 1980-10-03 AU AU62959/80A patent/AU541327B2/en not_active Expired
- 1980-10-15 DE DE8080303637T patent/DE3071465D1/en not_active Expired
- 1980-10-15 FI FI803255A patent/FI77493C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1980-10-15 MX MX184351A patent/MX155248A/en unknown
- 1980-10-15 EP EP80303637A patent/EP0027716B1/en not_active Expired
- 1980-10-15 AT AT80303637T patent/ATE18451T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1980-10-16 SE SE8007255A patent/SE8007255L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1980-10-16 JP JP14377180A patent/JPS5663092A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU541327B2 (en) | 1985-01-03 |
| MX155248A (en) | 1988-02-08 |
| ZA805077B (en) | 1981-09-30 |
| JPS5663092A (en) | 1981-05-29 |
| SE8007255L (en) | 1981-04-18 |
| FI77493C (en) | 1989-03-10 |
| DE3071465D1 (en) | 1986-04-10 |
| ATE18451T1 (en) | 1986-03-15 |
| BR8004757A (en) | 1981-04-28 |
| AR226563A1 (en) | 1982-07-30 |
| FI803255L (en) | 1981-04-18 |
| EP0027716A1 (en) | 1981-04-29 |
| JPH0143078B2 (en) | 1989-09-18 |
| FI77493B (en) | 1988-11-30 |
| EP0027716B1 (en) | 1986-03-05 |
| AU6295980A (en) | 1981-04-30 |
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