CA1143624A - Liquid detergent composition - Google Patents
Liquid detergent compositionInfo
- Publication number
- CA1143624A CA1143624A CA000371247A CA371247A CA1143624A CA 1143624 A CA1143624 A CA 1143624A CA 000371247 A CA000371247 A CA 000371247A CA 371247 A CA371247 A CA 371247A CA 1143624 A CA1143624 A CA 1143624A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- water
- alkyl
- mixtures
- detergent composition
- group
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003398 denaturant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- -1 metabisulfites Chemical class 0.000 claims description 52
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 25
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 22
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000008051 alkyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiourea Chemical compound NC(N)=S UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Guanidine Chemical compound NC(N)=N ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920005646 polycarboxylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-guanidine Natural products CNC(N)=N CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical class OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- OHJMTUPIZMNBFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N biuret Chemical compound NC(=O)NC(N)=O OHJMTUPIZMNBFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- YCLDXRHGQVDVJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbamothioylurea Chemical compound NC(=O)NC(N)=S YCLDXRHGQVDVJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylaminoamidine Natural products CN(C)C(N)=N SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- PQUCIEFHOVEZAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diammonium sulfite Chemical class [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S([O-])=O PQUCIEFHOVEZAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical class OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011180 diphosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003890 succinate salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical class [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004764 thiosulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical class NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxylamine Chemical class ON AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical class [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphinic acid Chemical class O[PH2]=O ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000004851 dishwashing Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 28
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 28
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 23
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 18
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 15
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 13
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 12
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 7
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 6
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 229930182556 Polyacetal Natural products 0.000 description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- HLZKNKRTKFSKGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCO HLZKNKRTKFSKGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical class C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QXNVGIXVLWOKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Disodium Chemical compound [Na][Na] QXNVGIXVLWOKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007046 ethoxylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 3
- CYEJMVLDXAUOPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-dodecylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O CYEJMVLDXAUOPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical group [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical class OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QZXSMBBFBXPQHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-(dodecanoyl)ethanolamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NCCO QZXSMBBFBXPQHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000503 Na-aluminosilicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nonylphenol Natural products CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- XOCUXOWLYLLJLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].[S] Chemical class [O].[S] XOCUXOWLYLLJLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000012216 bentonite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940096386 coconut alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 description 2
- VFNGKCDDZUSWLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N disulfuric acid Chemical class OS(=O)(=O)OS(O)(=O)=O VFNGKCDDZUSWLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000011087 fumaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- HHLFWLYXYJOTON-UHFFFAOYSA-N glyoxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=O HHLFWLYXYJOTON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002563 ionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- SUMDYPCJJOFFON-UHFFFAOYSA-N isethionic acid Chemical compound OCCS(O)(=O)=O SUMDYPCJJOFFON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YDSWCNNOKPMOTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N mellitic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C1=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C1C(O)=O YDSWCNNOKPMOTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940043348 myristyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000012217 sodium aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- DZCAZXAJPZCSCU-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium nitrilotriacetate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O DZCAZXAJPZCSCU-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940071104 xylenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000001124 (E)-prop-1-ene-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CIOXZGOUEYHNBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N (carboxymethoxy)succinic acid Chemical class OC(=O)COC(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O CIOXZGOUEYHNBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NSEXSMYEGCPXLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N (dodecan-3-ylamino) propane-1-sulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCC(CC)NOS(=O)(=O)CCC NSEXSMYEGCPXLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SFRLSTJPMFGBDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diphosphonoethylphosphonic acid Chemical class OP(O)(=O)CC(P(O)(O)=O)P(O)(O)=O SFRLSTJPMFGBDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XFRVVPUIAFSTFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Tridecanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCO XFRVVPUIAFSTFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AOSFMYBATFLTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-amino-3-(benzimidazol-1-yl)propan-2-ol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N(CC(O)CN)C=NC2=C1 AOSFMYBATFLTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VJSWLXWONORKLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-trihydroxybenzene-1,3,5-trisulfonic acid Chemical compound OC1=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C(O)=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C(O)=C1S(O)(=O)=O VJSWLXWONORKLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CFPOJWPDQWJEMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(1,2-dicarboxyethoxy)butanedioic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)OC(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O CFPOJWPDQWJEMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LVVZBNKWTVZSIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(carboxymethoxy)propanedioic acid Chemical class OC(=O)COC(C(O)=O)C(O)=O LVVZBNKWTVZSIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UAZLASMTBCLJKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-decylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O UAZLASMTBCLJKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WBIQQQGBSDOWNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O WBIQQQGBSDOWNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PSZAEHPBBUYICS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylidenepropanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(=C)C(O)=O PSZAEHPBBUYICS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XYJLPCAKKYOLGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phosphonoethylphosphonic acid Chemical class OP(O)(=O)CCP(O)(O)=O XYJLPCAKKYOLGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JBVOQKNLGSOPNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-propan-2-ylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O JBVOQKNLGSOPNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PVXSFEGIHWMAOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tridecylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O PVXSFEGIHWMAOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCDCOJNNUVYFKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-undecylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 UCDCOJNNUVYFKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWSLGOVYXMQPPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2h-tetrazole Chemical class FC(F)(F)C1=CC=CC(C2=NNN=N2)=C1 KWSLGOVYXMQPPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000416162 Astragalus gummifer Species 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- MQJKPEGWNLWLTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dapsone Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 MQJKPEGWNLWLTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Di-Et ester-Fumaric acid Natural products CCOC(=O)C=CC(=O)OCC IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-WAYWQWQTSA-N Diethyl maleate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OCC IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-WAYWQWQTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen disulfide Chemical compound SS BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical class CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002907 Guar gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001397173 Kali <angiosperm> Species 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- AZUZXOSWBOBCJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Polyethylene, oxidized Polymers OC(=O)CCC(=O)C(C)C(O)CCCCC=O AZUZXOSWBOBCJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920001615 Tragacanth Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZZXDRXVIRVJQBT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Xylenesulfonate Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)=C1C ZZXDRXVIRVJQBT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- IFTMCARQCOKBFG-UHFFFAOYSA-H [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)c1c(C([O-])=O)c(C([O-])=O)c(C([O-])=O)c(C([O-])=O)c1C([O-])=O Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)c1c(C([O-])=O)c(C([O-])=O)c(C([O-])=O)c(C([O-])=O)c1C([O-])=O IFTMCARQCOKBFG-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940091181 aconitic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid methyl ester Natural products COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001253 acrylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007933 aliphatic carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000008107 benzenesulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000013351 cheese Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- GTZCVFVGUGFEME-IWQZZHSRSA-N cis-aconitic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C\C(C(O)=O)=C\C(O)=O GTZCVFVGUGFEME-IWQZZHSRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-IHWYPQMZSA-N citraconic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(/C)=C\C(O)=O HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-IHWYPQMZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940018557 citraconic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940071118 cumenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004925 denaturation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036425 denaturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BLSNQVPBJDBAJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium;2-sulfobutanedioate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OS(=O)(=O)C(C([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O BLSNQVPBJDBAJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- KCIDZIIHRGYJAE-YGFYJFDDSA-L dipotassium;[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OC[C@H]1O[C@H](OP([O-])([O-])=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O KCIDZIIHRGYJAE-YGFYJFDDSA-L 0.000 description 1
- QKHKGSULBQVNMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl(dimethyl)azanium;hexanoate Chemical compound CCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCC[NH+](C)C QKHKGSULBQVNMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940060296 dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960001484 edetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AYQUFKHMMPOWIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxyperoxyethane;sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O.CCOOOCC AYQUFKHMMPOWIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002598 fumaric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002238 fumaric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000665 guar gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010417 guar gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960002154 guar gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ALBYIUDWACNRRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanamide Chemical compound CCCCCC(N)=O ALBYIUDWACNRRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003752 hydrotrope Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052806 inorganic carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940045996 isethionic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HBNDBUATLJAUQM-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;dodecyl sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O HBNDBUATLJAUQM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002689 maleic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-NSCUHMNNSA-N mesaconic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(/C)=C/C(O)=O HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005341 metaphosphate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl vinyl ether Chemical compound COC=C XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylfumaric acid Natural products OC(=O)C(C)=CC(O)=O HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrilotriacetic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000269 nucleophilic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012434 nucleophilic reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006179 pH buffering agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001476 phosphono group Chemical group [H]OP(*)(=O)O[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013966 potassium salts of fatty acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GHKGUEZUGFJUEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;4-methylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [K+].CC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 GHKGUEZUGFJUEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 229940070376 protein Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003856 quaternary ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003352 sequestering agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 235000011083 sodium citrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium disulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])(=O)=O HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001379 sodium hypophosphite Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940001584 sodium metabisulfite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010262 sodium metabisulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013875 sodium salts of fatty acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019794 sodium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RBWSWDPRDBEWCR-RKJRWTFHSA-N sodium;(2r)-2-[(2r)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-oxo-2h-furan-2-yl]-2-hydroxyethanolate Chemical group [Na+].[O-]C[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O RBWSWDPRDBEWCR-RKJRWTFHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XZTJQQLJJCXOLP-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;decyl sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O XZTJQQLJJCXOLP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- SIXNTGDWLSRMIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;toluene Chemical compound [Na].CC1=CC=CC=C1 SIXNTGDWLSRMIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003381 solubilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001180 sulfating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- DIORMHZUUKOISG-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfoformic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)S(O)(=O)=O DIORMHZUUKOISG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000271 synthetic detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005494 tarnishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-7-carboxylate Chemical class C1N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCCC11CNCC1 ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004026 tertiary sulfonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RYCLIXPGLDDLTM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrapotassium;phosphonato phosphate Chemical class [K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O RYCLIXPGLDDLTM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- FODHIQQNHOPUKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrapropylene-benzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1CC11C2=C3S(=O)(=O)OC(C)CC3=C3C(C)CC3=C2C1C FODHIQQNHOPUKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XGMYMWYPSYIPQB-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrasodium;2-(1,2-dicarboxylatoethoxy)butanedioate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(C([O-])=O)OC(C([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O XGMYMWYPSYIPQB-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- GUKSGXOLJNWRLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N thymine glycol Chemical compound CC1(O)C(O)NC(=O)NC1=O GUKSGXOLJNWRLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- GTZCVFVGUGFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-aconitic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)=CC(O)=O GTZCVFVGUGFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZXGOACRTCPRVON-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium;2-sulfonatobutanedioate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(C([O-])=O)S([O-])(=O)=O ZXGOACRTCPRVON-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-MNYXATJNSA-N triton Chemical compound [3H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-MNYXATJNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002888 zwitterionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
- C11D1/65—Mixtures of anionic with cationic compounds
- C11D1/655—Mixtures of sulfonated products with alkylolamides of carboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
- C11D1/52—Carboxylic amides, alkylolamides or imides or their condensation products with alkylene oxides
- C11D1/523—Carboxylic alkylolamides, or dialkylolamides, or hydroxycarboxylic amides (R1-CO-NR2R3), where R1, R2 or R3 contain one hydroxy group per alkyl group
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
- C11D1/65—Mixtures of anionic with cationic compounds
- C11D1/652—Mixtures of anionic compounds with carboxylic amides or alkylol amides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
- C11D3/0042—Reducing agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D3/046—Salts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/26—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C11D3/32—Amides; Substituted amides
- C11D3/323—Amides; Substituted amides urea or derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/34—Organic compounds containing sulfur
- C11D3/349—Organic compounds containing sulfur additionally containing nitrogen atoms, e.g. nitro, nitroso, amino, imino, nitrilo, nitrile groups containing compounds or their derivatives or thio urea
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
- C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
- C11D1/22—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aromatic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
- C11D1/29—Sulfates of polyoxyalkylene ethers
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
LIQUID DETERGENT COMPOSITION
Abstract Liquid dishwashing detergent compositions exhibiting superior cleaning of protein and carbohydrate soils com-prise an anionic surfactant, an amide, a reducing agent, a protein denaturant and water.
Abstract Liquid dishwashing detergent compositions exhibiting superior cleaning of protein and carbohydrate soils com-prise an anionic surfactant, an amide, a reducing agent, a protein denaturant and water.
Description
3~ 36'~4 LIQUID DETERGENT COMPOSITION
Thomas Patrick O'Brien Lawrence Benjamin Technical Field and_B ckground Ar-t The invention relates to aqueous high sudsing liquid detergent compositions containing specified amounts and types of ingredients especially useful in the washing of tableware and kitchenware.
The compositions of this invention provide cleaning benefits not heretofore obtained with liquid detergent compositions suitable for a hand dishwashing process in-volving soaking tableware and kitchenware in dilute solu-tions of the compositions followed by rinsinc7 and draininj A number of different types of soils ~re encountered in dishwashing. In general, the detergent compositions devel-oped for use in a hand dishwashing pxocess have a surfactant content that provides for removal of natural fats an~ oils from tableware and kitchenware. Mildness to skin and a level of suds to indicate cleaning potential are other actors usually considered. Less attention has been given to removal of soils encountered in hand dishwashing other than fats and oils. In particular, there is a continuing need for detergent compositions that provide for faster and more complete removal of protein and carbohydrate soils during a hand dishwashing process. Ideally, such compo-sitions will involve a compatible combination of mat~rials which will simultaneously provide the sudsing, mildness and aesthetic attributes of an acceptable dishwashing detergen~
composition as well as an improved ability to remove protein and carbohydrate-based soils.
It is an object of the present invention to provide liquid deteryent compositions suitable for hand dishwashing and a process for hand dishwashing that have an improved ability to remove protein and carbohydrate-based soils.
The compositions o~ the present invention contain a reducing ayent and a nitrogen-containing pro-tein denaturant z~
as hereinafter specified. Detergent compositions containing reducing agents and the operative protein denaturants have been disclosed, but it has not been recognized that their combination in specific liquid detergent compositions suitable for hand dishwashing would provide a substantial advantage of protein and carbohydrate soil removal in a hand dishwashing process.
U.S. Patent 4,001,132 discloses granular automatic dishwasher detergent compositions containing 15-60% of a mixture of water-soluble sulfites and sulfates in a 1:4 to
Thomas Patrick O'Brien Lawrence Benjamin Technical Field and_B ckground Ar-t The invention relates to aqueous high sudsing liquid detergent compositions containing specified amounts and types of ingredients especially useful in the washing of tableware and kitchenware.
The compositions of this invention provide cleaning benefits not heretofore obtained with liquid detergent compositions suitable for a hand dishwashing process in-volving soaking tableware and kitchenware in dilute solu-tions of the compositions followed by rinsinc7 and draininj A number of different types of soils ~re encountered in dishwashing. In general, the detergent compositions devel-oped for use in a hand dishwashing pxocess have a surfactant content that provides for removal of natural fats an~ oils from tableware and kitchenware. Mildness to skin and a level of suds to indicate cleaning potential are other actors usually considered. Less attention has been given to removal of soils encountered in hand dishwashing other than fats and oils. In particular, there is a continuing need for detergent compositions that provide for faster and more complete removal of protein and carbohydrate soils during a hand dishwashing process. Ideally, such compo-sitions will involve a compatible combination of mat~rials which will simultaneously provide the sudsing, mildness and aesthetic attributes of an acceptable dishwashing detergen~
composition as well as an improved ability to remove protein and carbohydrate-based soils.
It is an object of the present invention to provide liquid deteryent compositions suitable for hand dishwashing and a process for hand dishwashing that have an improved ability to remove protein and carbohydrate-based soils.
The compositions o~ the present invention contain a reducing ayent and a nitrogen-containing pro-tein denaturant z~
as hereinafter specified. Detergent compositions containing reducing agents and the operative protein denaturants have been disclosed, but it has not been recognized that their combination in specific liquid detergent compositions suitable for hand dishwashing would provide a substantial advantage of protein and carbohydrate soil removal in a hand dishwashing process.
U.S. Patent 4,001,132 discloses granular automatic dishwasher detergent compositions containing 15-60% of a mixture of water-soluble sulfites and sulfates in a 1:4 to
2:1 weight ratio.
U.S. Patent 3,149,042 discloses liquid hair care preparations containing a reducing agent and a diamine compound such as urea, thiourea or biuret.
U.S. Patent 3,700,601 discloses liquid detergent compositions containing 5-40% of anionic or nonionic surfactants, 0.1-5% of a chlorinated diphenyl ether dis-infectant and 0.01-5% by weight of the surfactant and disinfectant of a water-soluble reducing agent.
Soviet Union Patent 479,804 (Volskaya S~) discloses a detergent composition containing surfactants, sodium silicate, sodium tripolyphosphate, urea, capronamide and 3-6% ammonium bisulfite. The composition is said to be a homogeneous mass providing a pH of 7-9 tl% solution at 20C).
Summar~_of the Inv-ention The present invention encompasses liquid detergent compositions comprising:
(a) from about 15% to about 50% by weight of an anionic surfactant~
tb) from about 2.5% to about 10% of an amide having the general formula Rl-CO-N(E)m(R2oH)2-m wherein Rl is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from about 7 to abou-t 21 carbon atoms, R2 is an aliphatic hydro-carbon radical having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms~and m is zero, 1 or 2, 362~
(c) from about 2~ to about 25~ of a reducing agent selected from the group consisting of water-soluble salts of reductive sulfur oxygen acids, salts of reductive acids of phosphorus, inorganic reductive nitrogen compounds, stannites,and mix-tures thereof, (d) from about 2% to about 20% of a protein denaturant selected from the group consisting of urea, guanidine and its salts, thiourea, ~iuret, thiobiuret, and the water soluble alkyl r alkylol and acyl derivati~es of these compounds, ammonia, alkdnol-amines, and mi~tures thereof, and (e) fro~ about 20~ to about 88.'i% water, said detergent cvmposition providing a pH of at least 9.5 in a 0.4% solution in water at 20~'C.
In the process or method aspect of the invention, dishwdr~, glassware, and other tableware and k:itchenw~re are washed in water solutions of L~1e det-e:l gent COltlpOSitiOll, generally at a weight concentration O:r about 0.05% to about 0.5% of the composition in water at a temperature of about 80F to about 1~0F. The tableware and kitchenware is then rinsed and drained.
Detailed De ~ on This invention relates to the li(Tu:id detel-clent compo-sitions that provide superior removal of protein and car-bohydrate-based soils in a hand dishwashing process.
While not intending to be limited by theory, it is believed that the combination of the reducing agent, the pro~ein denaturant as hereinafter described and a solution pH above about 9.5 provide, in combination, the conditions necessary to denature or otherwise degracle water-insoluble protein into single chain water solub]e protein deriv~tives, peptides or other simpler structnlres.
In particular, it is believed that the combination of ingredients begins the denaturation of protein by the breaking of disulfide cross-linkages in the protein polymer.
This allows subsequent and additional degradation via brea~age of other structural stabilizing bonds such as ~43~Z~
hydrogen or hydrophobic bonds.
The compositions of the present invention comprise five essential components: an anlonic surfac-tant, an amide, a reduciny agent, a nucleophilic protein denaturant and water, all as hexeinafter defined. Optional ingredients can be added to provide various performance, aesthetic and product stability characteristics.
Anionic_ urfactant The compositions of this invention contain from about 15% ~o about 50% by weight of an anionic surfactant --or mixtures thereof. Preferred compositions contain from about 20~ to about 35% of anionic surfactant by weight.
Most anionic detergents can be broadly described as the water-soluble salts, particularly the a]kali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium and amine salts, of orsanic sulfuric redc-tior produc-ts haviny i~l their molecular structure an alkyl radical containin~3 from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms and a radical selected from the group consisting of sulfonic acid and sulfuric acid ester radicals. Included in the term alkyl is the alkyl portion of acyl radicals. Examples of the anionic synthetic detergents which can form the surfactant component of the compositions of the present invention are ~he sodium, ammonium, potassium or magnesium alkyl sul~ates, especially those obtained by sulfating the higher alc~hols (C8-C1g carbon atoms);sodium or magnesium alkyl benzene or alkyl toluene sulfonates, in which the alkyl group contains from about 9 to about 15 carbon atoms, the alkyl radical being either a straight or branched aliphatic chain; sodium or magnesium paraffin sulfonates and olefin sulfonates in which the alkyl or alkenyl group contains from a~out 10 to about 20 carbon atoms; sodium C10 20 alkyl ~lyce~yl ether sul-fonates, especially those ethers of alcoho~s derived from tallow and coconut oil; sodium coconut oil fa-tty acid monoglyceride sulfates and sulfonates; sodium, ammonium or ~ t3~2~
magnesium salts of alkyl phenol eth~lene oxide ether sulfates with about 1 to about 30 units oE ethylene oxide per molecule and in which the alkyl radicals contain from to about 12 carbon atoms; the reaction products of fatty acids esterified with isethionic acid and neutralized with sodium hydroxide where, for example, the fatty acids are derived from coconut oil; sodium or potassium salts of fatty acid amides of a methyl tauride in which the fatty acids r for example, are derived from coconut oil and sodium or potassium beta-acetoxy- or beta-acetamido-alkanesulfonates where the alkane has from 8 to 22 carbon atoms.
Specific examples of alkyl sulfate salts which can be employed in the instant de-tergent compositions include sodium lauryl alkyl sulfate, sodium palmityl alkyl .s~llfate, sodium decyl sulfate, sodium myristyl alkyl sulfate, potassium laur~l alkyl sulfate, potassium decyl sul~ate, potassium palmityl alkyl sulfate, potassium myristy:l alkyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, magnesium dodecyl sulfâte, sodium coconut alkyl sulfate, potassium coconut alkyl sulfate, magnesium C12 15 alkyl sulfate and mixtures of these surfactants. Preferred alkyl sulfates includc sodium C12 15 alkyl sulfate and magnesium C12-15 alkyl sul~ate-Suitable alkylbenzene or alkylt:oluene sulfonatc-s include the alkali metal (lithium, sodium, potassium), alkaline earth tcalcium, magnesium) ammonium and alkallol-amine salts of straight- or branched-chain alkylbenzene or alkyltoluene sulfonic acids. Alkylbenzene sulfonic acids useful as precursors for these surfactants include decyl benzene sulfonic acid, undecyl benzene sulfonic acid, dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid, tridecyl benzene sulfonic acid, tetrapropylene benzene sulfonic acid and mixtures thereof. Preferred sulfonic acids as precursors of the alkyl-benzene sulfonates useful for compositions herein are those in which the alkyl chain is linear and averages about 11 to 13 carbon atoms in length. Examples of commercially ~14~ 4 available al~yl benzene sulfonic acids useful in the present invention include'lConocd'SA 515 and SA 597 marketed by the Con-tinental Oil Company and'~alsoft LAS 99"marketed by the Pilot Chemical Company.
Particularly preferred anionic surfactants useful herein are alkyl ether sulfates having the formula RO(C2H4O)XSO3M wherein R i5 alkyl or alkenyl of about 10 to about 20 carbon atoms, x is 1 to 30, and M is a water-soluble cation. The alkyl ether sulfates useful in the present invention are condensation products of ethylene oxide and monohydric alcohols having from about 10 to about 20 carbon atoms. Preferably, R has 10 to 16 carbon atoms.
The alcohols can be derived from natural fats, e.g., coconut oil or tallow, or can be synthetic. Such alcohols are reacted with 1 to 30, and especially 1 to 12, molar pro-portions of ethylene oxide and the resulting mi~ture of molecular species is sulfated and neutralized.
Specific examples of alkyl ether sulfates of the present invention are sodium coconut alkyl triethylene glycol ether sulfate, magnesium C12_15 alkyl tri~thY
glycol ether sulfate, and sodium tallow alkyl hexaoxy ethylene sulfate. Preferred alkyl ether sulfates are those comprising a mixture of individual compounds, said mixture having an average alkyl chain length of from about 12 to 16 carbon atoms and an average degree of ethoxylation of from about 1 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide.
Additional examples of anionic surfactants useful herein are the compounds which contain two anionic func-tional groups. These are referred to as di-anionic sur-factants. Suitable dianionic surfactants are the disul-fonates, disulfates, or mixtures thereof which may be represented by the following formula:
( 3)2M2~R(so4)2M2/R(so3)(so4)M2 where R is an aliphatic hydrocarbyl group havin~ 15 to 20 carbon atoms and M is a water-solubilizing cation, for * Trademark ** Trademark ~1~36~
example, the C15 to C20 disodium 1,2-alkyldisulfates, C15 to C20 dipotassium 1,2-alkyldisulfonates or disulfates, di-sodium 1,9-hexadecyl disulfates, C15 to C20 disodium 1,2-alkyldisulfonates, disodium l,9-stearyldisulfates and 6,10-octadecyldisulfates.~mide The compositions of this invention contain from about 2.5% to about 10~ of an amide of a fatty acid. Preferred compositions contain from about 3.5% to about 7% amide.
The amides suitable for use in the compositions of the invention provide a stabilization of suds necessary to performance and acceptability of a hand dishwashing product.
The amide also assists in the cleaning function. ~rhe amides of the invention have the general formula: Rl-CO-N(H)m(R2OH)2 m wherein Rl is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from about 7 to about 21 carbon atoms, R2 is an aliphatic hydro-carbon radical having 1 to 3 carbon atoms and m is zero, 1 or 2.
Preferred amides are the monoethanol amides of C10 1 fatty acids. Diethanol amides are less suitable and the semi-polar amine oxide nonionic surfactants used as suds stabilizers in conventional liquid dishwashing detergent compositions have not proven adequately stable in the compositions of the present invention.
Reducin~ Agent The compositions of this invention contain from about 2% to about 25~, preferably from about ~% to about 20%, and most preferably from about 5~ to about 15% of a reducing agent selected from the group consisting of water soluble salts of reductive sulfur oxygen acids, salts of reductive acids of phosphorus, inorganic reductive nitrogen ca~unds, stannites, and mixtures thereof. Preferred reducing agents are the alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium or substituted ammonium sulfites, bisulfites, thiosulfates and metabisulfites.
U.S. Patent 3,149,042 discloses liquid hair care preparations containing a reducing agent and a diamine compound such as urea, thiourea or biuret.
U.S. Patent 3,700,601 discloses liquid detergent compositions containing 5-40% of anionic or nonionic surfactants, 0.1-5% of a chlorinated diphenyl ether dis-infectant and 0.01-5% by weight of the surfactant and disinfectant of a water-soluble reducing agent.
Soviet Union Patent 479,804 (Volskaya S~) discloses a detergent composition containing surfactants, sodium silicate, sodium tripolyphosphate, urea, capronamide and 3-6% ammonium bisulfite. The composition is said to be a homogeneous mass providing a pH of 7-9 tl% solution at 20C).
Summar~_of the Inv-ention The present invention encompasses liquid detergent compositions comprising:
(a) from about 15% to about 50% by weight of an anionic surfactant~
tb) from about 2.5% to about 10% of an amide having the general formula Rl-CO-N(E)m(R2oH)2-m wherein Rl is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from about 7 to abou-t 21 carbon atoms, R2 is an aliphatic hydro-carbon radical having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms~and m is zero, 1 or 2, 362~
(c) from about 2~ to about 25~ of a reducing agent selected from the group consisting of water-soluble salts of reductive sulfur oxygen acids, salts of reductive acids of phosphorus, inorganic reductive nitrogen compounds, stannites,and mix-tures thereof, (d) from about 2% to about 20% of a protein denaturant selected from the group consisting of urea, guanidine and its salts, thiourea, ~iuret, thiobiuret, and the water soluble alkyl r alkylol and acyl derivati~es of these compounds, ammonia, alkdnol-amines, and mi~tures thereof, and (e) fro~ about 20~ to about 88.'i% water, said detergent cvmposition providing a pH of at least 9.5 in a 0.4% solution in water at 20~'C.
In the process or method aspect of the invention, dishwdr~, glassware, and other tableware and k:itchenw~re are washed in water solutions of L~1e det-e:l gent COltlpOSitiOll, generally at a weight concentration O:r about 0.05% to about 0.5% of the composition in water at a temperature of about 80F to about 1~0F. The tableware and kitchenware is then rinsed and drained.
Detailed De ~ on This invention relates to the li(Tu:id detel-clent compo-sitions that provide superior removal of protein and car-bohydrate-based soils in a hand dishwashing process.
While not intending to be limited by theory, it is believed that the combination of the reducing agent, the pro~ein denaturant as hereinafter described and a solution pH above about 9.5 provide, in combination, the conditions necessary to denature or otherwise degracle water-insoluble protein into single chain water solub]e protein deriv~tives, peptides or other simpler structnlres.
In particular, it is believed that the combination of ingredients begins the denaturation of protein by the breaking of disulfide cross-linkages in the protein polymer.
This allows subsequent and additional degradation via brea~age of other structural stabilizing bonds such as ~43~Z~
hydrogen or hydrophobic bonds.
The compositions of the present invention comprise five essential components: an anlonic surfac-tant, an amide, a reduciny agent, a nucleophilic protein denaturant and water, all as hexeinafter defined. Optional ingredients can be added to provide various performance, aesthetic and product stability characteristics.
Anionic_ urfactant The compositions of this invention contain from about 15% ~o about 50% by weight of an anionic surfactant --or mixtures thereof. Preferred compositions contain from about 20~ to about 35% of anionic surfactant by weight.
Most anionic detergents can be broadly described as the water-soluble salts, particularly the a]kali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium and amine salts, of orsanic sulfuric redc-tior produc-ts haviny i~l their molecular structure an alkyl radical containin~3 from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms and a radical selected from the group consisting of sulfonic acid and sulfuric acid ester radicals. Included in the term alkyl is the alkyl portion of acyl radicals. Examples of the anionic synthetic detergents which can form the surfactant component of the compositions of the present invention are ~he sodium, ammonium, potassium or magnesium alkyl sul~ates, especially those obtained by sulfating the higher alc~hols (C8-C1g carbon atoms);sodium or magnesium alkyl benzene or alkyl toluene sulfonates, in which the alkyl group contains from about 9 to about 15 carbon atoms, the alkyl radical being either a straight or branched aliphatic chain; sodium or magnesium paraffin sulfonates and olefin sulfonates in which the alkyl or alkenyl group contains from a~out 10 to about 20 carbon atoms; sodium C10 20 alkyl ~lyce~yl ether sul-fonates, especially those ethers of alcoho~s derived from tallow and coconut oil; sodium coconut oil fa-tty acid monoglyceride sulfates and sulfonates; sodium, ammonium or ~ t3~2~
magnesium salts of alkyl phenol eth~lene oxide ether sulfates with about 1 to about 30 units oE ethylene oxide per molecule and in which the alkyl radicals contain from to about 12 carbon atoms; the reaction products of fatty acids esterified with isethionic acid and neutralized with sodium hydroxide where, for example, the fatty acids are derived from coconut oil; sodium or potassium salts of fatty acid amides of a methyl tauride in which the fatty acids r for example, are derived from coconut oil and sodium or potassium beta-acetoxy- or beta-acetamido-alkanesulfonates where the alkane has from 8 to 22 carbon atoms.
Specific examples of alkyl sulfate salts which can be employed in the instant de-tergent compositions include sodium lauryl alkyl sulfate, sodium palmityl alkyl .s~llfate, sodium decyl sulfate, sodium myristyl alkyl sulfate, potassium laur~l alkyl sulfate, potassium decyl sul~ate, potassium palmityl alkyl sulfate, potassium myristy:l alkyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, magnesium dodecyl sulfâte, sodium coconut alkyl sulfate, potassium coconut alkyl sulfate, magnesium C12 15 alkyl sulfate and mixtures of these surfactants. Preferred alkyl sulfates includc sodium C12 15 alkyl sulfate and magnesium C12-15 alkyl sul~ate-Suitable alkylbenzene or alkylt:oluene sulfonatc-s include the alkali metal (lithium, sodium, potassium), alkaline earth tcalcium, magnesium) ammonium and alkallol-amine salts of straight- or branched-chain alkylbenzene or alkyltoluene sulfonic acids. Alkylbenzene sulfonic acids useful as precursors for these surfactants include decyl benzene sulfonic acid, undecyl benzene sulfonic acid, dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid, tridecyl benzene sulfonic acid, tetrapropylene benzene sulfonic acid and mixtures thereof. Preferred sulfonic acids as precursors of the alkyl-benzene sulfonates useful for compositions herein are those in which the alkyl chain is linear and averages about 11 to 13 carbon atoms in length. Examples of commercially ~14~ 4 available al~yl benzene sulfonic acids useful in the present invention include'lConocd'SA 515 and SA 597 marketed by the Con-tinental Oil Company and'~alsoft LAS 99"marketed by the Pilot Chemical Company.
Particularly preferred anionic surfactants useful herein are alkyl ether sulfates having the formula RO(C2H4O)XSO3M wherein R i5 alkyl or alkenyl of about 10 to about 20 carbon atoms, x is 1 to 30, and M is a water-soluble cation. The alkyl ether sulfates useful in the present invention are condensation products of ethylene oxide and monohydric alcohols having from about 10 to about 20 carbon atoms. Preferably, R has 10 to 16 carbon atoms.
The alcohols can be derived from natural fats, e.g., coconut oil or tallow, or can be synthetic. Such alcohols are reacted with 1 to 30, and especially 1 to 12, molar pro-portions of ethylene oxide and the resulting mi~ture of molecular species is sulfated and neutralized.
Specific examples of alkyl ether sulfates of the present invention are sodium coconut alkyl triethylene glycol ether sulfate, magnesium C12_15 alkyl tri~thY
glycol ether sulfate, and sodium tallow alkyl hexaoxy ethylene sulfate. Preferred alkyl ether sulfates are those comprising a mixture of individual compounds, said mixture having an average alkyl chain length of from about 12 to 16 carbon atoms and an average degree of ethoxylation of from about 1 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide.
Additional examples of anionic surfactants useful herein are the compounds which contain two anionic func-tional groups. These are referred to as di-anionic sur-factants. Suitable dianionic surfactants are the disul-fonates, disulfates, or mixtures thereof which may be represented by the following formula:
( 3)2M2~R(so4)2M2/R(so3)(so4)M2 where R is an aliphatic hydrocarbyl group havin~ 15 to 20 carbon atoms and M is a water-solubilizing cation, for * Trademark ** Trademark ~1~36~
example, the C15 to C20 disodium 1,2-alkyldisulfates, C15 to C20 dipotassium 1,2-alkyldisulfonates or disulfates, di-sodium 1,9-hexadecyl disulfates, C15 to C20 disodium 1,2-alkyldisulfonates, disodium l,9-stearyldisulfates and 6,10-octadecyldisulfates.~mide The compositions of this invention contain from about 2.5% to about 10~ of an amide of a fatty acid. Preferred compositions contain from about 3.5% to about 7% amide.
The amides suitable for use in the compositions of the invention provide a stabilization of suds necessary to performance and acceptability of a hand dishwashing product.
The amide also assists in the cleaning function. ~rhe amides of the invention have the general formula: Rl-CO-N(H)m(R2OH)2 m wherein Rl is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from about 7 to about 21 carbon atoms, R2 is an aliphatic hydro-carbon radical having 1 to 3 carbon atoms and m is zero, 1 or 2.
Preferred amides are the monoethanol amides of C10 1 fatty acids. Diethanol amides are less suitable and the semi-polar amine oxide nonionic surfactants used as suds stabilizers in conventional liquid dishwashing detergent compositions have not proven adequately stable in the compositions of the present invention.
Reducin~ Agent The compositions of this invention contain from about 2% to about 25~, preferably from about ~% to about 20%, and most preferably from about 5~ to about 15% of a reducing agent selected from the group consisting of water soluble salts of reductive sulfur oxygen acids, salts of reductive acids of phosphorus, inorganic reductive nitrogen ca~unds, stannites, and mixtures thereof. Preferred reducing agents are the alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium or substituted ammonium sulfites, bisulfites, thiosulfates and metabisulfites.
3~:iZ~
Examples o:E phosphorus-contain.ing reducing agents are the salts of phosphorous acid and sodium hypophosphite.
Inorganic reduc-tive nitrogen compounds include salts of hyd_a~in^ or hydrox~lamine~ An example of a s-tanni-te is sodiu~ s.:~nnite.
The reducincf a~en-ts of the invention ha~e at leas-' limited water solubilit~, but are not necessarily co~ple~el~
in solution in the compositions of the invention.
Surprisingly, the compositions of the inventiOn do not have odor problems typical of many compositions containing reducing agents.
Protein Denaturant The compositions of this invention comprise from about 2% to about 20%, preferably from about 3% to about 10%, by weight of a nitrogen-containing protein denaturant. 1~
characteristic feature of many of the operable proteln denaturants is an unshared pair of electrons and a resultant designation as a nucleophilic reagent. Operative protein denaturants include urea, guanidine and its salts, thiourea, biuret, thiobiuret~and the water-soluble alkyl, alkylol and acyl derivatives of these compounds, ammonia (or ammonium ion to the extent it exists in the al~aline compositic)lls of the present invention), and the alkanolamines, particlllarly monoethanolamine and triethanolamine, in free form or in combined or ionic form, for example, as the cations of anionic surfactants.
Particularly preferred protein denaturants are urea, ammonia, monoethanolamine and mixtures thereof.
Water . The compositions of the invention contain from about 20% to about 88.5% water. Prefe.rred compositions contain from about 25% to about 60% water.
The compositions of the invention contain sufficient water-soluble alkaline materials to provide a pH in a 0.4~O
water solution of at least about 9.5, preferably from about 9.7 to about 10.5, measured at 20C.
li43~g In preferred compositions there is a reserve alkalinity equivalent to at least about 1 gram of sodium hydroxide per 100 milliliters of the deter~ent composition. Reserve al~alinity is measured by titration of a 10% solution of the composition in water trith dilute hydrochloric acid to a pH of 9.5~ The weight equivalent of sodium hydroxide to the acid used to reach p~ 9.5 is defined as reserve alkalinity.
Optional Surfactants The compositions of ~he invention can contaln other optional surfactants such as nonionic, ampholytic, zwit-terionic and cationic surfactants.
Suitable nonionic surfactants include:
1. The polyethylene oxide condensates of alkyl phenols. These compounds include the condensation products of alkyl phenols having an alkyl group containing from about 8 to about 15 carbon atoms, in either a straight chain or branched chain configuration, with ethylene oxide, the ethylene oxide being present in amounts equal to from about 3 to about 9 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alkyl phenol. The alkyl substituent in such compounds may be derived, for example, from polymerized propylene or-isobutylene, or from octene or nonene. Examples of com-pounds of this type include nonyl phenol condensed witll about 9 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of nonyl phenol and dodecyl phenol condensed with about 8 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of dodecyl phenol. Commercially available nonioni~ surfactants of this type include"Igepal" CQ-610, CA-420, CA-520 and CA 620, marketed by the ~AF Corporation, and"Triton"X-45, X-114, X-100 and X-102, marketed by the Rohm and Haas Company~
2. The condensation products of aliphatic alcohols with ethylene oxide. The alkyl chain of the aliphatic alcohol may either be straight or branched and contains from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms. Examples of such ethoxylated alcohols include the condensation product of about 5 moles of ethylene oxide with 1 mole of tridecanol, myristyl alcohol condensed with about 8 moles of ethylene ,~i Tradernark ** Trademark ;24 oxide per mo~e of myristyl alcohol, the condensation product of etnylene oxide with coconut fatty alcohol wherein the coconut alcohol is a mixture of fatty alcohols with alkyl chains varying from 10 to 14 carbon atoms and wherein the condensate contains about 6 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol, and the condensation product of about 9 moles of ethylene oxide with coconut alcohol. Examples of commercially available nonionic sur~actants of this type include "Tergitol 15-S-7"*
~ marketed by the Union Carbide Corporation and "Neodol 23-6.5"**
marketed by the Shell Chemical Company. Whether the alcohol is derived from natural fats or produced by one of several petro-chemical processes, a mixture of earbon chain lengths is typical.
The stated degree of ethoxylation is an average, the spread being dependent on process conditions, including choice of catalyst.
Ethoxylated alcohols are preferred because of their superior - biodegradability relative to ethoxylated alkyl phenols.
Particularly preferred are ethoxylated alcohols having an average of from about 10 to about 14 carbon atoms in the alcohol and an average degree of ethoxylation of from about 4 to about 6 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol.
Ampholytic surfactants can be broadly described as derivatives of aliphatic amines which contain a long chain of from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms and an anionic water-solubilizing group, e.g. carboxy, sulfonate or sulfate. Examples of compounds falling within this definition are sodium-3-dodecylamino propane sulfonate, and dodecyl dimethylammonium hexanoate.
Zwitterionic surface aetive agents operable in the instant composition are broadly described as internally-neutralized derivatives of aliphatic quaternary ammonium andphosphonium and tertiary sulfonium compounds in which the aliphatic radical can be s~raight chain or branehed, and wherein one of the aliphatic substituents contains from * Trademark ** Trademark ~ i''' .
~43~Z~L
about 8 to 18 carbon atoms and one contains an anionic ~ater solubilizing group, e.g., carboxy, sulfo, sulfato, phos-phato, or phosphono.
Cationic surfactants such as quaternary ammonium compounds can find optional use in the practice of theinvention to the extent they are compatible with the other surfactants in the particular composition.
Other Optional Components The detergent compositions herein optionally, but preferably, also contain detergent builder materials. A
preferred range of detergency builder materials is from about 5~ to about 25~ by weight. Detergency builders are generally characterized by an ability to sequester or precipitate water hardness ions, particularly calcium and magnesium. They ma-y al~o be used to main~ain or assist in maintaining the necessary alkaline pH of the washin~
solution.
All manner of detergency builders commonly taught for use in detergent compositions are suitable for use herein.
Useful builders include any of the con-~entional inor~Janic and organic water-soluble builder salts.
Such detergency builders can be, for example, water-soluble phosphates, pyrophosphates, orthophos-phates, polyphosphates, phosphonates, carbonates, poly-hydroxysulfonates, silicates, polyacetates, carboxylates, polycarboxylates and succinates. Specific examples ofinorganic phosphate builders include sodium and potassium pyrophosphates, tripolyphosphates, orthophosphates, and metaphosphates. The polyphosphonates specifically include, for example, the salts of ethylene diphosphonic acid, the salts of ethane l-hydroxy-l,l-diphosphonic acid and the salts of ethane-1,1,2-triphosphonic acid. Examples of these and other phosphorus builder compounds are disclosed in U.S.
Patent Nos. 3,159,581; 3,213,030; 3,422,021; 3,422,137;
3,400,176 and 3,400,143~
3~436~9~
Non-phosphorus containing sequestrants can also be selected for use herein as detergency builders.
Specific examples of non-phosphorus, inorganic builder ingredients include water-soluble inorganic carbonate, bicarbonate, and silicate salts. The alkali metal, e.g. t sodium and potassium, carbonates and silicates~
are particularly useful herein.
Water-soluble, organic builders are also useful herein. For example, the alkali metal, ammonium and substituted ammonium polyacetates, carboxylates, poly-carboxylates and polyhydroxysulfonates are useful builders in the present compositions and processes. Specific examples of the polyacetate and polycarboxylate builder salts include sodium, potassium, lithium, ammonium and substituted ammonium salts of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, nitrilotriacetic acid, oxydisuccinic acid, mellitic acid, benzene polycaxboxylic acids, and citric acid.
Other suitable polycarboxylates for use herein are the polyacetal carboxylates ful]y described in IJ.S. Patent
Examples o:E phosphorus-contain.ing reducing agents are the salts of phosphorous acid and sodium hypophosphite.
Inorganic reduc-tive nitrogen compounds include salts of hyd_a~in^ or hydrox~lamine~ An example of a s-tanni-te is sodiu~ s.:~nnite.
The reducincf a~en-ts of the invention ha~e at leas-' limited water solubilit~, but are not necessarily co~ple~el~
in solution in the compositions of the invention.
Surprisingly, the compositions of the inventiOn do not have odor problems typical of many compositions containing reducing agents.
Protein Denaturant The compositions of this invention comprise from about 2% to about 20%, preferably from about 3% to about 10%, by weight of a nitrogen-containing protein denaturant. 1~
characteristic feature of many of the operable proteln denaturants is an unshared pair of electrons and a resultant designation as a nucleophilic reagent. Operative protein denaturants include urea, guanidine and its salts, thiourea, biuret, thiobiuret~and the water-soluble alkyl, alkylol and acyl derivatives of these compounds, ammonia (or ammonium ion to the extent it exists in the al~aline compositic)lls of the present invention), and the alkanolamines, particlllarly monoethanolamine and triethanolamine, in free form or in combined or ionic form, for example, as the cations of anionic surfactants.
Particularly preferred protein denaturants are urea, ammonia, monoethanolamine and mixtures thereof.
Water . The compositions of the invention contain from about 20% to about 88.5% water. Prefe.rred compositions contain from about 25% to about 60% water.
The compositions of the invention contain sufficient water-soluble alkaline materials to provide a pH in a 0.4~O
water solution of at least about 9.5, preferably from about 9.7 to about 10.5, measured at 20C.
li43~g In preferred compositions there is a reserve alkalinity equivalent to at least about 1 gram of sodium hydroxide per 100 milliliters of the deter~ent composition. Reserve al~alinity is measured by titration of a 10% solution of the composition in water trith dilute hydrochloric acid to a pH of 9.5~ The weight equivalent of sodium hydroxide to the acid used to reach p~ 9.5 is defined as reserve alkalinity.
Optional Surfactants The compositions of ~he invention can contaln other optional surfactants such as nonionic, ampholytic, zwit-terionic and cationic surfactants.
Suitable nonionic surfactants include:
1. The polyethylene oxide condensates of alkyl phenols. These compounds include the condensation products of alkyl phenols having an alkyl group containing from about 8 to about 15 carbon atoms, in either a straight chain or branched chain configuration, with ethylene oxide, the ethylene oxide being present in amounts equal to from about 3 to about 9 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alkyl phenol. The alkyl substituent in such compounds may be derived, for example, from polymerized propylene or-isobutylene, or from octene or nonene. Examples of com-pounds of this type include nonyl phenol condensed witll about 9 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of nonyl phenol and dodecyl phenol condensed with about 8 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of dodecyl phenol. Commercially available nonioni~ surfactants of this type include"Igepal" CQ-610, CA-420, CA-520 and CA 620, marketed by the ~AF Corporation, and"Triton"X-45, X-114, X-100 and X-102, marketed by the Rohm and Haas Company~
2. The condensation products of aliphatic alcohols with ethylene oxide. The alkyl chain of the aliphatic alcohol may either be straight or branched and contains from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms. Examples of such ethoxylated alcohols include the condensation product of about 5 moles of ethylene oxide with 1 mole of tridecanol, myristyl alcohol condensed with about 8 moles of ethylene ,~i Tradernark ** Trademark ;24 oxide per mo~e of myristyl alcohol, the condensation product of etnylene oxide with coconut fatty alcohol wherein the coconut alcohol is a mixture of fatty alcohols with alkyl chains varying from 10 to 14 carbon atoms and wherein the condensate contains about 6 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol, and the condensation product of about 9 moles of ethylene oxide with coconut alcohol. Examples of commercially available nonionic sur~actants of this type include "Tergitol 15-S-7"*
~ marketed by the Union Carbide Corporation and "Neodol 23-6.5"**
marketed by the Shell Chemical Company. Whether the alcohol is derived from natural fats or produced by one of several petro-chemical processes, a mixture of earbon chain lengths is typical.
The stated degree of ethoxylation is an average, the spread being dependent on process conditions, including choice of catalyst.
Ethoxylated alcohols are preferred because of their superior - biodegradability relative to ethoxylated alkyl phenols.
Particularly preferred are ethoxylated alcohols having an average of from about 10 to about 14 carbon atoms in the alcohol and an average degree of ethoxylation of from about 4 to about 6 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol.
Ampholytic surfactants can be broadly described as derivatives of aliphatic amines which contain a long chain of from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms and an anionic water-solubilizing group, e.g. carboxy, sulfonate or sulfate. Examples of compounds falling within this definition are sodium-3-dodecylamino propane sulfonate, and dodecyl dimethylammonium hexanoate.
Zwitterionic surface aetive agents operable in the instant composition are broadly described as internally-neutralized derivatives of aliphatic quaternary ammonium andphosphonium and tertiary sulfonium compounds in which the aliphatic radical can be s~raight chain or branehed, and wherein one of the aliphatic substituents contains from * Trademark ** Trademark ~ i''' .
~43~Z~L
about 8 to 18 carbon atoms and one contains an anionic ~ater solubilizing group, e.g., carboxy, sulfo, sulfato, phos-phato, or phosphono.
Cationic surfactants such as quaternary ammonium compounds can find optional use in the practice of theinvention to the extent they are compatible with the other surfactants in the particular composition.
Other Optional Components The detergent compositions herein optionally, but preferably, also contain detergent builder materials. A
preferred range of detergency builder materials is from about 5~ to about 25~ by weight. Detergency builders are generally characterized by an ability to sequester or precipitate water hardness ions, particularly calcium and magnesium. They ma-y al~o be used to main~ain or assist in maintaining the necessary alkaline pH of the washin~
solution.
All manner of detergency builders commonly taught for use in detergent compositions are suitable for use herein.
Useful builders include any of the con-~entional inor~Janic and organic water-soluble builder salts.
Such detergency builders can be, for example, water-soluble phosphates, pyrophosphates, orthophos-phates, polyphosphates, phosphonates, carbonates, poly-hydroxysulfonates, silicates, polyacetates, carboxylates, polycarboxylates and succinates. Specific examples ofinorganic phosphate builders include sodium and potassium pyrophosphates, tripolyphosphates, orthophosphates, and metaphosphates. The polyphosphonates specifically include, for example, the salts of ethylene diphosphonic acid, the salts of ethane l-hydroxy-l,l-diphosphonic acid and the salts of ethane-1,1,2-triphosphonic acid. Examples of these and other phosphorus builder compounds are disclosed in U.S.
Patent Nos. 3,159,581; 3,213,030; 3,422,021; 3,422,137;
3,400,176 and 3,400,143~
3~436~9~
Non-phosphorus containing sequestrants can also be selected for use herein as detergency builders.
Specific examples of non-phosphorus, inorganic builder ingredients include water-soluble inorganic carbonate, bicarbonate, and silicate salts. The alkali metal, e.g. t sodium and potassium, carbonates and silicates~
are particularly useful herein.
Water-soluble, organic builders are also useful herein. For example, the alkali metal, ammonium and substituted ammonium polyacetates, carboxylates, poly-carboxylates and polyhydroxysulfonates are useful builders in the present compositions and processes. Specific examples of the polyacetate and polycarboxylate builder salts include sodium, potassium, lithium, ammonium and substituted ammonium salts of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, nitrilotriacetic acid, oxydisuccinic acid, mellitic acid, benzene polycaxboxylic acids, and citric acid.
Other suitable polycarboxylates for use herein are the polyacetal carboxylates ful]y described in IJ.S. Patent
4,144,?26, issued March 13, 1979 to Crutchfield, et al., and U.S. Patent 4,146,495, issued March 27, 1979 to Crutchfie~d, et al- These polyacetal carboxy-lates can be prepared by bringing together under poly-merization conditions an ester of glyoxylic acid and a polymerization initiator. The resulting polyacetal carboxylate ester is ~hen attached to chemically stable end groups to stabilize the polyacetal carboxylate against rapid depolymerization in alkaline solution, converted to the corresponding salt, and added to a surfactant.
Preferred non-phosphorus builder materials herein include sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium silicate, sodium citrate, sodium oxydisuccinate, sodium mellitate, sodium nitrilotriacetate, and sodium ethylenediamine-tetraacetate, and mistures thereof.
Other preferred builders herein are the polycarboxylatebuilders set forth in U.S. Patent No. 3,308,067, Diehl~
3~2~
~ 13 -issued March 7, 1967. Examples of such materials include the water-soluble salts of homo- and c~-polymers of aliphatic carboxylic acids such as maleic acid, itaconic acid, mesaconic acid, fumaric acid, aconitic acid, citraconic acid and methylenemalonic acid.
Additional, preferred builders herein include the water-soluble salts of carboxymethyloxymalonate, car-boxymethyloxysuccinate, cis-cyclohexanehexacarboxylate, cis-cyclopentanetetracar~oxylate phloroglucinol trisulfonate, and the copolymer of maleic anhydride with vinyl methyl ether or ethylene.
A further class of detergency builder materials useful in the present invention are insoluble sodium aluminosilicates, particularly those disclosed in Belgian Patent No. ~14,874 issueJ No-~ember 12, 197~
This patent discloses detergent compc:;itions containing sodium aluminosilicates o~ the formula Naz(AlO2)z(SiO2)yxH2O
wherein z and y are integers of at least 6, the molar ratio of z to y is in the range from 1.0:1 to about 0.5:1 and x is an integer from about 15 to about 264, said alumino-silicates having a calcium ion exchange capacity of at least 200 mg. eq./gm. and a calcium ion exchan~e rate of at least about 2 grains/gallon/minute/gram. A preferred ate 1 12( 2 2)12 2 for use herein include the amorphous and cry~talline aluminosilicates disclosed in the Canadian Patent Application of Rodriguez et al., Serial No. 354,079 filed June 16, 1980.
Particularly useful aluminosilicates are those commonly known as Zeolites ~, X, and P(B).
Alcohols, such as ethyl alcohol, and hydrotropes, such as sodium and potassium toluene sulfonate, sodium and potassium xylene sulfonate, trisodium sulfosuccinate and related compounds (as disclosed in U.S. Patent 3,915,gO3 of . j ~4~Z~
-Rodney M. Wise, granted October 28, 1975) can be utilized in the interests of achieving a desired product phase stability and viscosity. Ethyl alcohol at a level of from about 3~ to about 15~ and potassium or sodium toluene, xylene or cumene sulfonate at a level of from about 1% to about 6~.are particularly useful in the compositions of the invention.
The detergent compositions of this invention can contain, if desired, any of the usual adjuvantsl diluents and additives, for example, perfumes, enzymes, dyes, anti-tarnishing agents, ankimicrobial agents, and the like,without detracting from the advantageous properti.es of the compositions. Alkalinity sources and pH buffering agents such as alkali metal hydroxides can also be utilized.
As noted hereinbefore, the compositions of the invention can contain materials which are insoluble or not completely soluble at the levels employed in a particular composition.
Particularly useful in such compositions a~e suspending or thickening agents such as ~hose disclosed in U.S. Patent 3,393,153 of R.E. gimmerer et al.l issued July 16, 1968, includin~
colloidal silica having a mean par*icle diameter ranging from about 0.01 micron to about 0.05 micron, co].loidal clays such as bentonites or chemically treated benton~.t:es, isomorphous silicates, especially those with a hi.gh magnesium content, particulate polymers such as polystyrene, oxidized polystyrene having an acid number of from 20 to about 40, sul~onated.polystyrene having an acid number of from about 10 to about 30, polyethylene, oxidized poly-ethylene having an acid number of from about 10 to about 30;
sulfonated polyethylene having an acid number of from about
Preferred non-phosphorus builder materials herein include sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium silicate, sodium citrate, sodium oxydisuccinate, sodium mellitate, sodium nitrilotriacetate, and sodium ethylenediamine-tetraacetate, and mistures thereof.
Other preferred builders herein are the polycarboxylatebuilders set forth in U.S. Patent No. 3,308,067, Diehl~
3~2~
~ 13 -issued March 7, 1967. Examples of such materials include the water-soluble salts of homo- and c~-polymers of aliphatic carboxylic acids such as maleic acid, itaconic acid, mesaconic acid, fumaric acid, aconitic acid, citraconic acid and methylenemalonic acid.
Additional, preferred builders herein include the water-soluble salts of carboxymethyloxymalonate, car-boxymethyloxysuccinate, cis-cyclohexanehexacarboxylate, cis-cyclopentanetetracar~oxylate phloroglucinol trisulfonate, and the copolymer of maleic anhydride with vinyl methyl ether or ethylene.
A further class of detergency builder materials useful in the present invention are insoluble sodium aluminosilicates, particularly those disclosed in Belgian Patent No. ~14,874 issueJ No-~ember 12, 197~
This patent discloses detergent compc:;itions containing sodium aluminosilicates o~ the formula Naz(AlO2)z(SiO2)yxH2O
wherein z and y are integers of at least 6, the molar ratio of z to y is in the range from 1.0:1 to about 0.5:1 and x is an integer from about 15 to about 264, said alumino-silicates having a calcium ion exchange capacity of at least 200 mg. eq./gm. and a calcium ion exchan~e rate of at least about 2 grains/gallon/minute/gram. A preferred ate 1 12( 2 2)12 2 for use herein include the amorphous and cry~talline aluminosilicates disclosed in the Canadian Patent Application of Rodriguez et al., Serial No. 354,079 filed June 16, 1980.
Particularly useful aluminosilicates are those commonly known as Zeolites ~, X, and P(B).
Alcohols, such as ethyl alcohol, and hydrotropes, such as sodium and potassium toluene sulfonate, sodium and potassium xylene sulfonate, trisodium sulfosuccinate and related compounds (as disclosed in U.S. Patent 3,915,gO3 of . j ~4~Z~
-Rodney M. Wise, granted October 28, 1975) can be utilized in the interests of achieving a desired product phase stability and viscosity. Ethyl alcohol at a level of from about 3~ to about 15~ and potassium or sodium toluene, xylene or cumene sulfonate at a level of from about 1% to about 6~.are particularly useful in the compositions of the invention.
The detergent compositions of this invention can contain, if desired, any of the usual adjuvantsl diluents and additives, for example, perfumes, enzymes, dyes, anti-tarnishing agents, ankimicrobial agents, and the like,without detracting from the advantageous properti.es of the compositions. Alkalinity sources and pH buffering agents such as alkali metal hydroxides can also be utilized.
As noted hereinbefore, the compositions of the invention can contain materials which are insoluble or not completely soluble at the levels employed in a particular composition.
Particularly useful in such compositions a~e suspending or thickening agents such as ~hose disclosed in U.S. Patent 3,393,153 of R.E. gimmerer et al.l issued July 16, 1968, includin~
colloidal silica having a mean par*icle diameter ranging from about 0.01 micron to about 0.05 micron, co].loidal clays such as bentonites or chemically treated benton~.t:es, isomorphous silicates, especially those with a hi.gh magnesium content, particulate polymers such as polystyrene, oxidized polystyrene having an acid number of from 20 to about 40, sul~onated.polystyrene having an acid number of from about 10 to about 30, polyethylene, oxidized poly-ethylene having an acid number of from about 10 to about 30;
sulfonated polyethylene having an acid number of from about
5 to about 25; polypropylene, oxidized polypropy.l.ene having an acid number of from about 10 to about 30 and sulfonat~d polypropylene having an acid number of from about 5 to about 25, all of said particulate polymers having mean particle ~.
3~'~4 diameters ranging from about 0.01 micron to about 30 microns. Other examples of suspending and thic~ening agents include copolymers of styrene with monomers such as maleic anhydride, acrylOnitrile ~ methacrylic acid and lower alkyl esters of methacrylic acid, copolymers of styrene with methyl or ethyl acrylate, methyl or ethyl maleate, vinyl acetate, acrylic, maleic or fumaric acids and mixtures thereof. The mole ratio of ester and/or acid to styrene is preferably in the range from about 4 ~o about 40 styrene units per ester and/or acid unit. Such materials preferably have a mean particle diameter range of from about 0.05 micron to about 1 micron and molecular weights ranging from about 500,000 to about 2,000,000. Cellulosic polymers such as carboxymethyl cellulose and hy~roxypropyl cellulose and gums such as guar gum and gum tragacanth are also suitable " suspending and thickening agents.
The following non-limiting examples illustrate the detergent compositions of the present invention. All percentages, parts or ratios used herein are by weight unless otherwise specified.
Exam~le ~
The following liquid detergent composition was prepared by mixing the listed ingredients: -Sodium coconut alkyl sulfate 11.5%
25 Sodium coconut alkyl ethoxyethersulfate 14.0 (3 moles ethylene oxide/mole alkyl sulfate) Coconut monoethanol amide 5.0 Monoethanolamine 3.0 Na2S3 12.5 Sodium nitrilotriacetate S.0 Potassium sulfosuccinate 2.6 Bentonite L Clay 2.5 Ethanol 9.5 K4P2O7 1.0 Na2CO3 0.1 Water & Miscellaneous 33.3 ~3~2~
- 16 ~
The resultant composition was a stable suspension and provided a pH of 9.7 in a 0.~% water solution. Glass test strips carryin~ bal-ed-on (~00F, 30 minutes) egg and maca-roni and cheese soils, were soaked in 0.~ water solutions of the detergent composition at 115F ~or 15 minutes. The effort required to remove the soils after the soaking step was measured using a "Gàrdner Straight Line ~ashability and Abrasion Machine". The first ten strokes of the machine were made with a one-pound weight mounted over a holder with a sponge saturated with a 0.4% water solution of the compo-sition. The nex-t ten strokes were made with a t~ree-pound weight over the sponge and the final ten strokes were made with a six-pound weight. The percentage of soil removed after each ten stro~e cycle was recorded.
The detergent composition of Example I provided a 40-50% soil removal after 10 strokes, 60-70~ soil removal after 20 strokes and 70-80% soil removal a~ter 30 strokes.
comparable composition containing no monoethclnolamine or sodium sulfite and having a pH of about 7 in a 0.4% water solution provided less than 10~ soil removal after 30 strokes~
A composition is prepared in which the 3.0% mon~-ethanolamine and 7% of the water is replaced by 10.0% urea and sufficient NaOH replaces water to provide a pH above 9.5 in 0.4% water solution. - Comparable cleaning r~sults are obtained. Comparable cleaning results are also obtained when sodium thiosulfate or sodium metabisulfite replace sodium sulfite.
Example II
The following liquid detergent compositions within the scope of the present invention are prepared:
11 43~Z9L
A B C D E F
Sodium C12_1S alkyl sulfate 12 10 - 2 - 14 (Mg)*
Ammoniu~ 12-15 al~yl etho~y-ethersulrate (3 moles ethylene 5o~ide/mole alkyl sulEate) 15 15 15 15 - 12 (~lg)*
Sodium C14 16 paraffin sulfonate - - 15 Sodium C 1-13 alkylbenzene sulfona~e - - - - 20 Coconut monoethanol amide - 5 7 3 5 7 10 Coconut ammonia amide 6 - - 3 Na2SO3 - 6 12 6 - 12 Na2S23 , 12 - - ~ 6 NazS205 6 - 6 15 Sodium ni.trilotriacetate~ ~ 6 4 Monoethanolamine ~ - 3 - 4 5 Triethanolamine 4 Urea - 10 - - 4 Water and miscellaneous - Remainder *Magnesium alkyl sulfate and magnesium alkyl ethoxyether sulfate Compositions A, B, C, D, E and F all provide improved protein and carbohydrate soil cleaning relative to compo-sitions not containing both a reducing agent and a nitrogen-containing protein denaturant. The compositions all contain from 20% to 88.5% water and provide a pH of at least 9.5 in a 0.4% solution in water at 20C.
3~'~4 diameters ranging from about 0.01 micron to about 30 microns. Other examples of suspending and thic~ening agents include copolymers of styrene with monomers such as maleic anhydride, acrylOnitrile ~ methacrylic acid and lower alkyl esters of methacrylic acid, copolymers of styrene with methyl or ethyl acrylate, methyl or ethyl maleate, vinyl acetate, acrylic, maleic or fumaric acids and mixtures thereof. The mole ratio of ester and/or acid to styrene is preferably in the range from about 4 ~o about 40 styrene units per ester and/or acid unit. Such materials preferably have a mean particle diameter range of from about 0.05 micron to about 1 micron and molecular weights ranging from about 500,000 to about 2,000,000. Cellulosic polymers such as carboxymethyl cellulose and hy~roxypropyl cellulose and gums such as guar gum and gum tragacanth are also suitable " suspending and thickening agents.
The following non-limiting examples illustrate the detergent compositions of the present invention. All percentages, parts or ratios used herein are by weight unless otherwise specified.
Exam~le ~
The following liquid detergent composition was prepared by mixing the listed ingredients: -Sodium coconut alkyl sulfate 11.5%
25 Sodium coconut alkyl ethoxyethersulfate 14.0 (3 moles ethylene oxide/mole alkyl sulfate) Coconut monoethanol amide 5.0 Monoethanolamine 3.0 Na2S3 12.5 Sodium nitrilotriacetate S.0 Potassium sulfosuccinate 2.6 Bentonite L Clay 2.5 Ethanol 9.5 K4P2O7 1.0 Na2CO3 0.1 Water & Miscellaneous 33.3 ~3~2~
- 16 ~
The resultant composition was a stable suspension and provided a pH of 9.7 in a 0.~% water solution. Glass test strips carryin~ bal-ed-on (~00F, 30 minutes) egg and maca-roni and cheese soils, were soaked in 0.~ water solutions of the detergent composition at 115F ~or 15 minutes. The effort required to remove the soils after the soaking step was measured using a "Gàrdner Straight Line ~ashability and Abrasion Machine". The first ten strokes of the machine were made with a one-pound weight mounted over a holder with a sponge saturated with a 0.4% water solution of the compo-sition. The nex-t ten strokes were made with a t~ree-pound weight over the sponge and the final ten strokes were made with a six-pound weight. The percentage of soil removed after each ten stro~e cycle was recorded.
The detergent composition of Example I provided a 40-50% soil removal after 10 strokes, 60-70~ soil removal after 20 strokes and 70-80% soil removal a~ter 30 strokes.
comparable composition containing no monoethclnolamine or sodium sulfite and having a pH of about 7 in a 0.4% water solution provided less than 10~ soil removal after 30 strokes~
A composition is prepared in which the 3.0% mon~-ethanolamine and 7% of the water is replaced by 10.0% urea and sufficient NaOH replaces water to provide a pH above 9.5 in 0.4% water solution. - Comparable cleaning r~sults are obtained. Comparable cleaning results are also obtained when sodium thiosulfate or sodium metabisulfite replace sodium sulfite.
Example II
The following liquid detergent compositions within the scope of the present invention are prepared:
11 43~Z9L
A B C D E F
Sodium C12_1S alkyl sulfate 12 10 - 2 - 14 (Mg)*
Ammoniu~ 12-15 al~yl etho~y-ethersulrate (3 moles ethylene 5o~ide/mole alkyl sulEate) 15 15 15 15 - 12 (~lg)*
Sodium C14 16 paraffin sulfonate - - 15 Sodium C 1-13 alkylbenzene sulfona~e - - - - 20 Coconut monoethanol amide - 5 7 3 5 7 10 Coconut ammonia amide 6 - - 3 Na2SO3 - 6 12 6 - 12 Na2S23 , 12 - - ~ 6 NazS205 6 - 6 15 Sodium ni.trilotriacetate~ ~ 6 4 Monoethanolamine ~ - 3 - 4 5 Triethanolamine 4 Urea - 10 - - 4 Water and miscellaneous - Remainder *Magnesium alkyl sulfate and magnesium alkyl ethoxyether sulfate Compositions A, B, C, D, E and F all provide improved protein and carbohydrate soil cleaning relative to compo-sitions not containing both a reducing agent and a nitrogen-containing protein denaturant. The compositions all contain from 20% to 88.5% water and provide a pH of at least 9.5 in a 0.4% solution in water at 20C.
Claims (7)
1. A liquid detergent composition consisting essentially of:
(a) from about 15% to about 50% of an anionic surfactant selected from the water-soluble salts of organic sulfuric reaction products having in their molecular structure an alkyl radical containing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms and a radical selected from the group consisting of sulfonic acid, sulfuric acid ester radicals and mixtures thereof;
(b) from about 2.5% to about 10% of an amide of a fatty acid having the general formula R1-CO-N(H)m(R2OH)2-m wherein R1 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from about 7 to about 21 carbon atoms, R2 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms and m is zero, 1 or 2;
(c) from about 2% to about 25% of a reducing agent selected from the group consisting of water-soluble salts of sulfites, bisulfites, thiosulfates, metabisulfites, salts of phosphorous and hypophosphorous acids, salts of hydrazine and hydroxylamine, stannites and mixtures thereof;
(d) from about 2% to about 20% of a protein denaturant selected from the group conisting of urea, guanidine and its salts, thiourea, biuret, thiobiuret, ammonia, monoethanolamine , triethanolamine, and mixtures thereof; and (e) from about 20% to about 88.5% water;
said detergent composition providing a pH of at least 9.5 in a 0.4% solution in water at 20°C.
(a) from about 15% to about 50% of an anionic surfactant selected from the water-soluble salts of organic sulfuric reaction products having in their molecular structure an alkyl radical containing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms and a radical selected from the group consisting of sulfonic acid, sulfuric acid ester radicals and mixtures thereof;
(b) from about 2.5% to about 10% of an amide of a fatty acid having the general formula R1-CO-N(H)m(R2OH)2-m wherein R1 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from about 7 to about 21 carbon atoms, R2 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms and m is zero, 1 or 2;
(c) from about 2% to about 25% of a reducing agent selected from the group consisting of water-soluble salts of sulfites, bisulfites, thiosulfates, metabisulfites, salts of phosphorous and hypophosphorous acids, salts of hydrazine and hydroxylamine, stannites and mixtures thereof;
(d) from about 2% to about 20% of a protein denaturant selected from the group conisting of urea, guanidine and its salts, thiourea, biuret, thiobiuret, ammonia, monoethanolamine , triethanolamine, and mixtures thereof; and (e) from about 20% to about 88.5% water;
said detergent composition providing a pH of at least 9.5 in a 0.4% solution in water at 20°C.
2. The detergent composition of claim 1 wherein the amide comprises a monoethanol amide of C10-16 fatty acids.
3. The detergent composition of claim 2 wherein the reducing agent comprises a material selected from the group consisting of alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium or substituted ammonium sulfites, bisulfites, metabisulfites and mixtures thereof.
4. The detergent composition of claim 3 wherein the protein denaturant comprises a material selected from the group consisting of urea, ammonia, monoethanolamine and mixtures thereof.
5. The detergent compositions of claims 1, 2 or 3 wherein the anionic surfactant comprises from about 20% to about 35% by weight of the composition and is selected from the group consisting of alkyl sulfates, alkyl ethoxyether-sulfates, alkylbenzene sulfonates, paraffin sulfonates, olefin sulfonates and mixtures thereof.
6. The detergent composition of claims 1, 2 or 3 wherein the anionic surfactant comprises from about 20% to about 35% by weight, the reducing agent comprises from about 5% to about 15% by weight, the protein denaturant comprises from about 3% to about 10% by weight, and water comprises from about 25% to about 60% by weight of said composition,and the pH of a 0.4% water solution of the composition is from about 9.7 to about 10.5 measured at 20°C.
7. The detergent composition of claims 1, 2 or 3 which additionally consists essentially of from about 5% to about 25% of a detergent builder material selected from the group consisting of water soluble phosphates, pyrophosphates, polyphosphates, phosphonates, carbonates,polyhydroxysulfonates, silicates, polyacetates, carboxylates, polycarboxylates, succinates, and mixtures thereof.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US06/122,143 US4268406A (en) | 1980-02-19 | 1980-02-19 | Liquid detergent composition |
US122,143 | 1980-02-19 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CA1143624A true CA1143624A (en) | 1983-03-29 |
Family
ID=22400922
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA000371247A Expired CA1143624A (en) | 1980-02-19 | 1981-02-19 | Liquid detergent composition |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US4268406A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0034393B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS56159298A (en) |
CA (1) | CA1143624A (en) |
DE (1) | DE3171169D1 (en) |
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CN113549639A (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2021-10-26 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | Regulatory gene for reducing content of total protein and smoke phenol in tobacco leaves |
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JPS6031360B2 (en) * | 1979-12-18 | 1985-07-22 | ライオン株式会社 | liquid detergent composition |
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DE3264940D1 (en) * | 1981-11-13 | 1985-08-29 | Unilever Nv | Stable liquid detergent suspensions |
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GB2116579B (en) * | 1982-01-07 | 1985-08-29 | Albright & Wilson | Composition and method for cleaning hydrocarbon oil from hard surfaces |
GB2116994B (en) * | 1982-03-06 | 1985-10-30 | Bridgemace Limited | Detergent |
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JPS6151121A (en) * | 1984-08-21 | 1986-03-13 | Lion Corp | Detergent for contact lens |
GB2168377A (en) * | 1984-12-17 | 1986-06-18 | Procter & Gamble | Stable liquid dishwashing detergent containing abrasive, clay and low density particles |
US5002684A (en) * | 1987-04-08 | 1991-03-26 | Harris Research, Inc. | Composition and method for removal of stains from fibers |
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NL253568A (en) * | 1959-07-09 | |||
DE1792513A1 (en) * | 1968-09-11 | 1971-11-18 | Henkel & Cie Gmbh | Color stable liquid detergents, cleaning agents and dishwashing agents containing disinfectants |
DE2036477A1 (en) * | 1970-07-23 | 1972-01-27 | Rohm Gmbh, 6100 Darmstadt | Washing up liquid - contg amlase, anionic surfactant and alkylolamide of satd fatty acid |
JPS546122Y2 (en) * | 1971-05-28 | 1979-03-20 | ||
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FR2230718B1 (en) * | 1973-05-25 | 1977-04-29 | Colgate Palmolive Co | |
US3935129A (en) * | 1973-10-25 | 1976-01-27 | Jabalee Walter J | Liquid cleaning compositions |
US4001132A (en) * | 1974-06-17 | 1977-01-04 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Automatic dishwashing detergent composition |
DE2648304A1 (en) * | 1975-10-31 | 1977-05-05 | Procter & Gamble Europ | LIQUID DETERGENT |
-
1980
- 1980-02-19 US US06/122,143 patent/US4268406A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1981
- 1981-02-11 EP EP81200170A patent/EP0034393B1/en not_active Expired
- 1981-02-11 DE DE8181200170T patent/DE3171169D1/en not_active Expired
- 1981-02-19 CA CA000371247A patent/CA1143624A/en not_active Expired
- 1981-02-19 JP JP2362281A patent/JPS56159298A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113549639A (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2021-10-26 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | Regulatory gene for reducing content of total protein and smoke phenol in tobacco leaves |
CN113549639B (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2022-07-29 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | Regulatory gene for reducing contents of total proteins and phenol in flue gas of tobacco leaves |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0034393A1 (en) | 1981-08-26 |
EP0034393B1 (en) | 1985-07-03 |
US4268406A (en) | 1981-05-19 |
JPS56159298A (en) | 1981-12-08 |
DE3171169D1 (en) | 1985-08-08 |
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