CA1140708A - Cleaning apparatus for submerged surfaces - Google Patents
Cleaning apparatus for submerged surfacesInfo
- Publication number
- CA1140708A CA1140708A CA000367288A CA367288A CA1140708A CA 1140708 A CA1140708 A CA 1140708A CA 000367288 A CA000367288 A CA 000367288A CA 367288 A CA367288 A CA 367288A CA 1140708 A CA1140708 A CA 1140708A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- disc
- head
- inlet
- upper member
- suction head
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Landscapes
- Cleaning In General (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Cleaning apparatus of the type including a cleaning head for cleaning submerged surfaces and a flapper valve for moving the head relative to the surface by oscillation thereof. An annular flexible disc located at the inlet end of the suction head surrounds a central opening below the flexible disc and at least one transverse inlet opening to the passage through the suction head is located above and adjacent the flexible disc. The transverse inlet opening is substantially symmetrical about the direction of movement of the head and faces in the general direction towards which the head moves in operation. An upper member held in spaced relationship relative to the disc may be provided to define a flow path between it and the disc towards the transverse inlet opening.
Cleaning apparatus of the type including a cleaning head for cleaning submerged surfaces and a flapper valve for moving the head relative to the surface by oscillation thereof. An annular flexible disc located at the inlet end of the suction head surrounds a central opening below the flexible disc and at least one transverse inlet opening to the passage through the suction head is located above and adjacent the flexible disc. The transverse inlet opening is substantially symmetrical about the direction of movement of the head and faces in the general direction towards which the head moves in operation. An upper member held in spaced relationship relative to the disc may be provided to define a flow path between it and the disc towards the transverse inlet opening.
Description
~14(.~70~
THIS INVENTION relates to apparatus for automatically cleaning the submerged surfaces of swimming pools and the like.
In South African Patent No. 77/6199 there is described automatic swimming pool cleaning apparatus which relies for its operation on the intermittent cutting off of flow through a cleaning head in contact with the surface of the swimming pool to be cleaned.
The means for cutting off the flow is a flapper valve of substantially triangular cross-section and which pivots about the apex of the triangle to open and close a free flow passage through the head and alternately open and close a second very restricted passage through the head. The cleaning head is held in proximity to 15 the surface to be cleaned by a perforated flexible . . .
~l~t~7~
annular disc surrounding the head. The inlet open-ings into the head include a central opening below the flexible disc and two side openings above the disc. These side openings are diametrically opposed and are directed tranverse to the direction of move-ment of the head. To improve the flow of water and dirt into the openings they are each provided with a guide extending outwardly aboYe and across the surface of the disc. Although a large part of the dirt moving across the upper surface of the disc is collected in this manner it is believed that the efficiency of this collection could be improved.
Another apparatus of the same general type also has a cleaning head incorporating a flapper valve.
However, it also includes two suc~ion passages which communicate with the head and flapper valve so that the flapper valve alternately and repeatedly transfers liquid flow from the head through the two passages.
An object of this invention is to provide apparatus, of the type including a cleaning head and flapper valve, for cleaning submerged surfaces in . . .
~L140~
which the efficiency of the collection of the dirt on a submerged surface may be improved.
In accordance with an aspect of the invention there is provided an apparatus for cleaning submerged surfaces, such as the bottoms and walls of swimming pools, comprising: ~a) a suction head having an inlet and an outlet, (b) an oscillatory flapper valve disposed within the suction head between the inlet and outlet, (c) an annular flexible disc mounted proximate ~he inlet of the suction head, (d) the inlet being defined by a central opening disposed below the disc and at least one transverse opening disposed above and adjacent the disc the transverse opening being substantially symmetrical about a direction of movement of the suction head and facing in the general direction of such movement, ~e) a substantially sector-shaped upper member disposed above the transverse opening and extending over a substantial portion of the disc, and (f) means supporting the upper member in a spaced relationship relative to the disc, whereby liquid and dirt dislodged by the apparatus is guided and funneled by and between the disc and upper member towards the transverse opening.
Further according to the invention the inlet located above the disc is located between the disc and an upper, preferably flexible t member extending above at least the operatively forward part of the disc and spaced along its periphery therefrom by a plurality of spaced substantially radial ribs.
.i, ~, ~14~ 8 Still further according to the invention the periphery of the upper flexible member may, in plan view, be substantially co-incident with the peri-phery of the disc and the ribs are integral with the upper flexible member.
Yet further according to the invention the inlet opening located abo~e the disc comprises two similar inlet ports arranged symmetrically about the direction of movement of the apparatus and the axes of the ports radiate from the central opening at an angle of about 45~ to the direction of movement of the apparatus.
An embodiment of the invention described by way of example only follows with reference to the accompanying drawings in which :-Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of anapparatus for cleaning submerged surfaces;
Fig. 2 is a front elevation ~partly sectioned) ta~en in the direction of arrow "A"
in Fig. 1;
., .
Fig. 3 is a partly sectioned plan view taken along line III - III in Fig. 1; and, Fig. 4 is a second partly sectioned plan view but taken along line IV IV
in Fig. 1.
In this embodiment of the invention apparatus for cleaning the submerged surfaces of swimming or other pools comprises a suction head 1 which i~ of 10 basically rectangular cross-section and having inlet openings at one end and a circular outlet 2 at the other end. Located between the inlet openings and the outlet is an oscillatible flapper valve 3 of known type.
The end 4 of the head 1 associated with the inlet openings is a short substantially cylindrical portion of circular cross-section, the axis of which is at about 45 to the axis of the main body of the head and the outlet opening. This cylindrical portion is bounded by upper and lower outwardly extending flanges indicated by numerals 5 and 6 resp~ctively ~ /
~ 1 in Fig. ~.
. . .
~L14(:~7~1~
The bottom end of the cylindrical portion 4 defines a central opening 7 with suitably spaced feet 8 around the periphexy thereof to provide space between the inlet 7 and the surface 9 on which the head is located through which water may flow. Between the two flanges 5 and 6 are t'wo substantially rectangular inlet ports 10. These ports have their axes radiating from the axis of the central opening 7 and at an angle of about 45 to the direction in which the apparatus is designed to move. This direction is indicated by arrow "X" and, as will be seen below, the axis of the main bady of the head 1 lies in this direction in plan view.
An annula- d-sc 11 of flexible plastics material is located on the lower flange 6. The disc has apertures 12 therethrough (only one shown for simplici-ty) which allow water to pass from the upper surface 13 of the disc to the central opening 7 when a suction is applied to the outlet ~ of the head. This limits the force with which the disc and head are held against the surface being cleaned.
~L4~ 8 Supported on the upper surf~ce of the disc and in the operatively forward region thereof are a plurality of spaced short radial ribs 14 formed inte-gral with an upper flexible member. ~he ribs serve to space the upper surface of the disc from the lower surface 15 of the upper flexible member 16 supported by the body on the upper flange 5. As may be seen from the drawings the periphery of this flexible member 16 follows that of the disc 11 in plan view and the flexible member is of roughly sector-shape having an included angle of about 120.
The ribs may alternatively be made integral with the disc if this is preferred.
Simply to complete the description of an 15 operative device the following is included in this specification.
The outlet 2 has a swivelable fitting 17 incorporated therein so that the head can be attached to a longitudinally extending suction pipe 18 carried at one end of an elongate flexible suction pipe (not shown) for attachment to a pump.
31~40~
The oscillatable valve 3 is located within the head between the inlet and outlet so that it may open or close a passage 19 through the head between the inlet and outlet. The valve is of substantially triangular cross-section so that it may oscillate about its apex ~0 adjacent the outlet. The base of the valve is slightly peaked as indicated at 21 so that it may move over and co-operate with a partition member 2~ located in the inlet end of the head 1 when water is caused to flow through into the headO
On the side of the valve opposite the flow passage 19 through the head is a suction communication which is designed so that there is as restricted an opening between inlet and outlet of the head as is commensurate with the proper operation of valve 3.
Water flow through the suction communication is therefor greatly reduced compared to that through the passage 19~ The suction communication is adapted to be shut off when the flow passage~is open and is only open for a brief period when the valve 3 closes the flow passage.
The shape and size of the val~e 3 in the head together with the location of the partition member 22 constricts / . . .
the suction communication to the size which prevents appreciable liquid flow therethrough.
Internal formations are provided in th~ head to constrain the movement of the valve ~ in the head and form valve seats to close off the flow passaye 19 through the head and suction communication past the lower end of the valve.
The shape of the base of the valve providing the peak enables the space 23 between the valve and partition member ~ to remain substantially constant as the valve moves between its terminal positions and is also symmetrical.
~ ith the construction above set forth it has been found that when the head is submerged and a swim-ming pool and filter suction applied to the outletthe flow of water causes the valve to oscillate between its two terminal positions. In one such position the flow is substantially full and direct through the opening 19 to the outlet 2 while in the other there is 20 maximum reduction in liquid flow through the head.
This results, in use, to an intermittent cut~off flow through the head as the valve oscillates between its terminal positions and this in turn causes pulsations which result in longitudinal contractions and relaxations in the longitudinally resilient suction pipe from the head to the outlet from the swimming pool to its filter unit.
In consequence of these contractions and relaxations and a simultaneous reduction and increase of the force applied to hold the disc 11 against the surface to be cleaned a step by s~ep movement of the head takes place over the surface to be cleaned.
The movement is automatic but random and to control this a buoyancy chamber 24 is provided. This will preferably be provided with a hollow float. This chamber ensures that while the head will sink with the aid of any necessary weights 25 onto the surface to be cleaned it will, nevertheless, be correctly orientated thereto.
Also because the apparatus can operate on vertical walls it is necessary to provide suitable counterbalancing to prevent the head from climbing / . ~ .
7t~
above the water level and allow air to be drawn through the system. This can be easily effected in known manner by having afreely movable spherical weight 26 in a Vee-shaped guide 27 attached to the head across the width thereof. It may be fitted to either the upper or lower surface of the head.
Reverting now to the invention itself it will be understood that when the apparatus moves in a forward direction as indicated by arrow "X" over the surface being cleaned, a significant amount of the dirt moves over the upper surface 13 of the disc 11. Because the ports 10 are directed forwardly this dirt is more easily sucked into the head. Furthermore, the upper fiexible member 16 serves as a guide to guide the dirt and liquid towards the ports thus decreasing the amount of dirt which is simply stirred up by the machine and allowed to resettle. The spacing ribs 14 prevent the upper member from being sucked into complete contact with the disc thereby preserving the spaced relationship of the upper flexible member and disc. The ribs also direct the liquid and dirt towards the ports as shown by the arrows 28 in Fig. 4, and the two outermost ribs define outer boundary walls to the effective inlet duct defined between the disc and upper flexible members.
Q7~3 Other embodiments are envisaged within the scope of the invention including its application to other cleaning apparatuses of the same general type.
It should be noted that the invention may be used without the upper flexible member which is simply an accessory which provides for greater cleaning efficiency.
It also appears that having the openings in the forward port of the head facilitates its movement over the surface to be cleaned.
THIS INVENTION relates to apparatus for automatically cleaning the submerged surfaces of swimming pools and the like.
In South African Patent No. 77/6199 there is described automatic swimming pool cleaning apparatus which relies for its operation on the intermittent cutting off of flow through a cleaning head in contact with the surface of the swimming pool to be cleaned.
The means for cutting off the flow is a flapper valve of substantially triangular cross-section and which pivots about the apex of the triangle to open and close a free flow passage through the head and alternately open and close a second very restricted passage through the head. The cleaning head is held in proximity to 15 the surface to be cleaned by a perforated flexible . . .
~l~t~7~
annular disc surrounding the head. The inlet open-ings into the head include a central opening below the flexible disc and two side openings above the disc. These side openings are diametrically opposed and are directed tranverse to the direction of move-ment of the head. To improve the flow of water and dirt into the openings they are each provided with a guide extending outwardly aboYe and across the surface of the disc. Although a large part of the dirt moving across the upper surface of the disc is collected in this manner it is believed that the efficiency of this collection could be improved.
Another apparatus of the same general type also has a cleaning head incorporating a flapper valve.
However, it also includes two suc~ion passages which communicate with the head and flapper valve so that the flapper valve alternately and repeatedly transfers liquid flow from the head through the two passages.
An object of this invention is to provide apparatus, of the type including a cleaning head and flapper valve, for cleaning submerged surfaces in . . .
~L140~
which the efficiency of the collection of the dirt on a submerged surface may be improved.
In accordance with an aspect of the invention there is provided an apparatus for cleaning submerged surfaces, such as the bottoms and walls of swimming pools, comprising: ~a) a suction head having an inlet and an outlet, (b) an oscillatory flapper valve disposed within the suction head between the inlet and outlet, (c) an annular flexible disc mounted proximate ~he inlet of the suction head, (d) the inlet being defined by a central opening disposed below the disc and at least one transverse opening disposed above and adjacent the disc the transverse opening being substantially symmetrical about a direction of movement of the suction head and facing in the general direction of such movement, ~e) a substantially sector-shaped upper member disposed above the transverse opening and extending over a substantial portion of the disc, and (f) means supporting the upper member in a spaced relationship relative to the disc, whereby liquid and dirt dislodged by the apparatus is guided and funneled by and between the disc and upper member towards the transverse opening.
Further according to the invention the inlet located above the disc is located between the disc and an upper, preferably flexible t member extending above at least the operatively forward part of the disc and spaced along its periphery therefrom by a plurality of spaced substantially radial ribs.
.i, ~, ~14~ 8 Still further according to the invention the periphery of the upper flexible member may, in plan view, be substantially co-incident with the peri-phery of the disc and the ribs are integral with the upper flexible member.
Yet further according to the invention the inlet opening located abo~e the disc comprises two similar inlet ports arranged symmetrically about the direction of movement of the apparatus and the axes of the ports radiate from the central opening at an angle of about 45~ to the direction of movement of the apparatus.
An embodiment of the invention described by way of example only follows with reference to the accompanying drawings in which :-Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of anapparatus for cleaning submerged surfaces;
Fig. 2 is a front elevation ~partly sectioned) ta~en in the direction of arrow "A"
in Fig. 1;
., .
Fig. 3 is a partly sectioned plan view taken along line III - III in Fig. 1; and, Fig. 4 is a second partly sectioned plan view but taken along line IV IV
in Fig. 1.
In this embodiment of the invention apparatus for cleaning the submerged surfaces of swimming or other pools comprises a suction head 1 which i~ of 10 basically rectangular cross-section and having inlet openings at one end and a circular outlet 2 at the other end. Located between the inlet openings and the outlet is an oscillatible flapper valve 3 of known type.
The end 4 of the head 1 associated with the inlet openings is a short substantially cylindrical portion of circular cross-section, the axis of which is at about 45 to the axis of the main body of the head and the outlet opening. This cylindrical portion is bounded by upper and lower outwardly extending flanges indicated by numerals 5 and 6 resp~ctively ~ /
~ 1 in Fig. ~.
. . .
~L14(:~7~1~
The bottom end of the cylindrical portion 4 defines a central opening 7 with suitably spaced feet 8 around the periphexy thereof to provide space between the inlet 7 and the surface 9 on which the head is located through which water may flow. Between the two flanges 5 and 6 are t'wo substantially rectangular inlet ports 10. These ports have their axes radiating from the axis of the central opening 7 and at an angle of about 45 to the direction in which the apparatus is designed to move. This direction is indicated by arrow "X" and, as will be seen below, the axis of the main bady of the head 1 lies in this direction in plan view.
An annula- d-sc 11 of flexible plastics material is located on the lower flange 6. The disc has apertures 12 therethrough (only one shown for simplici-ty) which allow water to pass from the upper surface 13 of the disc to the central opening 7 when a suction is applied to the outlet ~ of the head. This limits the force with which the disc and head are held against the surface being cleaned.
~L4~ 8 Supported on the upper surf~ce of the disc and in the operatively forward region thereof are a plurality of spaced short radial ribs 14 formed inte-gral with an upper flexible member. ~he ribs serve to space the upper surface of the disc from the lower surface 15 of the upper flexible member 16 supported by the body on the upper flange 5. As may be seen from the drawings the periphery of this flexible member 16 follows that of the disc 11 in plan view and the flexible member is of roughly sector-shape having an included angle of about 120.
The ribs may alternatively be made integral with the disc if this is preferred.
Simply to complete the description of an 15 operative device the following is included in this specification.
The outlet 2 has a swivelable fitting 17 incorporated therein so that the head can be attached to a longitudinally extending suction pipe 18 carried at one end of an elongate flexible suction pipe (not shown) for attachment to a pump.
31~40~
The oscillatable valve 3 is located within the head between the inlet and outlet so that it may open or close a passage 19 through the head between the inlet and outlet. The valve is of substantially triangular cross-section so that it may oscillate about its apex ~0 adjacent the outlet. The base of the valve is slightly peaked as indicated at 21 so that it may move over and co-operate with a partition member 2~ located in the inlet end of the head 1 when water is caused to flow through into the headO
On the side of the valve opposite the flow passage 19 through the head is a suction communication which is designed so that there is as restricted an opening between inlet and outlet of the head as is commensurate with the proper operation of valve 3.
Water flow through the suction communication is therefor greatly reduced compared to that through the passage 19~ The suction communication is adapted to be shut off when the flow passage~is open and is only open for a brief period when the valve 3 closes the flow passage.
The shape and size of the val~e 3 in the head together with the location of the partition member 22 constricts / . . .
the suction communication to the size which prevents appreciable liquid flow therethrough.
Internal formations are provided in th~ head to constrain the movement of the valve ~ in the head and form valve seats to close off the flow passaye 19 through the head and suction communication past the lower end of the valve.
The shape of the base of the valve providing the peak enables the space 23 between the valve and partition member ~ to remain substantially constant as the valve moves between its terminal positions and is also symmetrical.
~ ith the construction above set forth it has been found that when the head is submerged and a swim-ming pool and filter suction applied to the outletthe flow of water causes the valve to oscillate between its two terminal positions. In one such position the flow is substantially full and direct through the opening 19 to the outlet 2 while in the other there is 20 maximum reduction in liquid flow through the head.
This results, in use, to an intermittent cut~off flow through the head as the valve oscillates between its terminal positions and this in turn causes pulsations which result in longitudinal contractions and relaxations in the longitudinally resilient suction pipe from the head to the outlet from the swimming pool to its filter unit.
In consequence of these contractions and relaxations and a simultaneous reduction and increase of the force applied to hold the disc 11 against the surface to be cleaned a step by s~ep movement of the head takes place over the surface to be cleaned.
The movement is automatic but random and to control this a buoyancy chamber 24 is provided. This will preferably be provided with a hollow float. This chamber ensures that while the head will sink with the aid of any necessary weights 25 onto the surface to be cleaned it will, nevertheless, be correctly orientated thereto.
Also because the apparatus can operate on vertical walls it is necessary to provide suitable counterbalancing to prevent the head from climbing / . ~ .
7t~
above the water level and allow air to be drawn through the system. This can be easily effected in known manner by having afreely movable spherical weight 26 in a Vee-shaped guide 27 attached to the head across the width thereof. It may be fitted to either the upper or lower surface of the head.
Reverting now to the invention itself it will be understood that when the apparatus moves in a forward direction as indicated by arrow "X" over the surface being cleaned, a significant amount of the dirt moves over the upper surface 13 of the disc 11. Because the ports 10 are directed forwardly this dirt is more easily sucked into the head. Furthermore, the upper fiexible member 16 serves as a guide to guide the dirt and liquid towards the ports thus decreasing the amount of dirt which is simply stirred up by the machine and allowed to resettle. The spacing ribs 14 prevent the upper member from being sucked into complete contact with the disc thereby preserving the spaced relationship of the upper flexible member and disc. The ribs also direct the liquid and dirt towards the ports as shown by the arrows 28 in Fig. 4, and the two outermost ribs define outer boundary walls to the effective inlet duct defined between the disc and upper flexible members.
Q7~3 Other embodiments are envisaged within the scope of the invention including its application to other cleaning apparatuses of the same general type.
It should be noted that the invention may be used without the upper flexible member which is simply an accessory which provides for greater cleaning efficiency.
It also appears that having the openings in the forward port of the head facilitates its movement over the surface to be cleaned.
Claims (5)
1. An apparatus for cleaning submerged surfaces, such as the bottoms and walls of swimming pools, comprising:
(a) a suction head having an inlet and an outlet, (b) an oscillatory flapper valve disposed within the suction head between the inlet and outlet, (c) an annular flexible disc mounted proximate the inlet of the suction head, (d) the inlet being defined by a central opening disposed below the disc and at least one transverse opening disposed above and adjacent the disc, the transverse opening being substantially symmetrical about a direction of movement of the suction head and facing in the general direction of such movement, (e) a substantially sector-shaped upper member disposed above the transverse opening and extending over a substantial portion of the disc, and (f) means supporting the upper member in a spaced relationship relative to the disc, whereby liquid and dirt dislodged by the apparatus is guided and funneled by and between the disc and upper member towards the transverse opening.
(a) a suction head having an inlet and an outlet, (b) an oscillatory flapper valve disposed within the suction head between the inlet and outlet, (c) an annular flexible disc mounted proximate the inlet of the suction head, (d) the inlet being defined by a central opening disposed below the disc and at least one transverse opening disposed above and adjacent the disc, the transverse opening being substantially symmetrical about a direction of movement of the suction head and facing in the general direction of such movement, (e) a substantially sector-shaped upper member disposed above the transverse opening and extending over a substantial portion of the disc, and (f) means supporting the upper member in a spaced relationship relative to the disc, whereby liquid and dirt dislodged by the apparatus is guided and funneled by and between the disc and upper member towards the transverse opening.
2. Cleaning apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the support means comprises a plurality of substantially radially extending ribs disposed between the disc and the upper member,
3. Cleaning apparatus as claimed in claim 1 in which the upper member is flexible.
4. Cleaning apparatus as claimed in claim 1 in which the upper member is, in plan view, substantially co-incident at an outer periphery thereof with the disc.
5. Cleaning apparatus as claimed in claim 1 in which there are two transverse inlet openings arranged symmetrically about the direction of movement of the suction head and wherein axes of these inlets radiate at about 45° to such direction of movement.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000367288A CA1140708A (en) | 1980-12-19 | 1980-12-19 | Cleaning apparatus for submerged surfaces |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000367288A CA1140708A (en) | 1980-12-19 | 1980-12-19 | Cleaning apparatus for submerged surfaces |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1140708A true CA1140708A (en) | 1983-02-08 |
Family
ID=4118749
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000367288A Expired CA1140708A (en) | 1980-12-19 | 1980-12-19 | Cleaning apparatus for submerged surfaces |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1140708A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6009573A (en) * | 1997-12-31 | 2000-01-04 | Thibault; Arnold F. | Safety diffuser for pool suction inlet |
-
1980
- 1980-12-19 CA CA000367288A patent/CA1140708A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6009573A (en) * | 1997-12-31 | 2000-01-04 | Thibault; Arnold F. | Safety diffuser for pool suction inlet |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |