CA1136071A - Horizontal vapor-liquid separator - Google Patents

Horizontal vapor-liquid separator

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Publication number
CA1136071A
CA1136071A CA000337585A CA337585A CA1136071A CA 1136071 A CA1136071 A CA 1136071A CA 000337585 A CA000337585 A CA 000337585A CA 337585 A CA337585 A CA 337585A CA 1136071 A CA1136071 A CA 1136071A
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
liquid
pipes
vapor
tubing
chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
CA000337585A
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Robert A. Hodgson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maloney Crawford Corp
Original Assignee
Maloney Crawford Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Maloney Crawford Corp filed Critical Maloney Crawford Corp
Priority to CA000337585A priority Critical patent/CA1136071A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA1136071A publication Critical patent/CA1136071A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE

An improved horizontal vapor-liquid separator providing a separation chamber, a horizontal inlet conduit having internal vanes for imparting a helical motion to fluid flow therethrough, a series of at least three pipe separators coaxially aligned with the inlet conduit and spaced apart to form annular orifices for the collection of heavier droplets forced to the inner peripheries of the piping by the centrifugal force, a conical baffle located in the path of the flow discharged from the end of the last separator pipe for coalescing final traces of liquid by impingement, and a vapor exhaust conduit coaxially aligned with the inlet conduit. A second chamber located beneath the separation chamber collects the liquid by gravity flow and utilizes a liquid level control system to maintain a vapor barrier while discharging the collected liquid at the same rate of accumulation.

Description

8ACKGROUND OF l'HE INVENTION
Vapor-liquid mixture~ are often encountered in the process $ndustrie~. The dispersion of liquids in gas streamq include unstable mixture~ which u~ually must be separated prior to further proces~ing of the phase~. Most dispersion~
will separate naturally if left undisturbed, however, the natural Reparation rate i~ often too slow for economic con-sideration.
One variety of artificial separator commonlyemployed to accelerate the separation rate of disper~ion `
utilizes centrifugal force o~ the entrained droplets for ~,~ . .
~e~44a$14n. A second~variety relies upon the impingement ~
and coale~cinq of the entrained liquid upon a suitable obqtruction placed in the path of the flow stream.
-2-_ _ . _ _ . , , .... . . .. . . . ., . . ., . . . _ , , _ _ .. . .. . . . . . . . .

1136~7~

Heretofore the prior axt sepa~ators have been bulky and~or inefficient in achi~ving the desirable phase separation.
An ob~ect of the present invention is to achieve efficient phase separation with minimum pressure drop in an inline installation without the use of complicated structure.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention contemplates a horizontal vapor-li~uid separator designed for inline installation for the efficient phase separation of a vapor-liquid mixture with re-latively low pressure drop of the flow stream passing throughthe separator.
According to the invention there is provided a hori-zontal vapor-liquid separator, which comprises: a housing providing a separation chamber; a substantially horizontally disposed cylindrical inlet tubing extending through the housing wall to said separation chamber and having the inner periphery of the downstream end of said tubing bevele~ at a given angle outwardly to form a generally frusto-conical inner facing; means located within said inlet tubing for imparting a helical motion to the vapor~liquid mixture introduced into said tubing; at least three cylindrical pipes, coaxially aligned with the inlet tubing, and of the same inside and outside diameter as said in-let tubing along the entire length of said at least three pipes, each of said at least three pipes having its outer periphery upstream end swaged inwardly to form a generally frusto-conical outer facing, and the inner periphery of its downstream end thereof beveled outwardly to form a generally frusto-conical inner facing, the upstream end of one of said at least three pipes being inserted in the beveled downstream end of the inlet t~bing and spaced therefrom to form an annular orifice and the other end of said at least three pipes mounted in spaced f~ - 3 -~:136071 se~uence to de~ine additio~al ori~ices; the upstream end of each of said at least three pipes being swaged to define an orifice of diameter less than the diameter of said pipes, and wherein a leading edge o$ each of said orifices is located within a said frusto-conical inner facing; a solid conical baffle means mounted with its apex toward the beveled end of the last of said at least three cylindrical pipes, and spaced therefrom for coalesing any liquid droplets remaining in the flow exiting from said pipe; means for removing liquid collected in the separation chamber; and exhaust tubing extending through the housing wall into said separation chamber in substantial axial alignment with the inlet tubing.

- 3a -~ 36 ~ 7~ , ., :
.

The liqu~d trapped in the separatlon chamber flows by gravity ~r~ugh one or more downcomers to a separate liquid accumùlation chamber. In the latter chamber, a normal liquid level i8 maintained as a vapor barrier by means of suitable level control apparatus, and the l~quid is withdrawn from the bottom of the accumulation chamber at a rate equal to the liquid collection rate.
BRIEF_DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
; FIGURE 1 i~ a sectional elevational view of the horizontal vapor-liquid ~eparator em~odying the invention.
FIGURE 2 is a broken enlarged sectional elevational view of a portion of a separator embodying the invention and ~
- showing the relative spatial arrangement of the tubing and `;
baffle members. \~ -DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFF,RRED EMBODIMENT
Referring to the drawings in detail and in parti- ~
cular to FIGURE 1, reference character 10 generally indicates ~:
a horizontal vapor-liquid separator comprising a housing 12 having an elongated chamber 14 therein for the collection of 20 1 entrained liquid in a manner as will be hereinafter set forth.
The heads 16 of the housing 12 as shown in FIGURE 1 are of an elliptical configuration for pressure service, althouqh the actual configuration thereof plays no~significant role in the invention. ; t~
An inlet tubing 18 extends through a central port 19 provided in left-hand head 16 of the housing 12 a~ viewed in FIGURE 1 and into the chamber 14. A spiral vane 20 is secured in any suitable manner to the inner periphery of thc :' ~'`' ' -4- ~.ir 11360~1 inlet tubing ~8 f~r impa~ting a helica~ flow pattern to any flow stream moving therethrough. As shown in FIGURE 2I the inner periphery of the downstream end 22 of inlet tubing 18 is pre~erably beveled outwardly~ to form a generally frusto-conical inner facing.
A pipe 24 is disposed in the chamber 14 in substantial coaxial alignment with the inlet tubing 18, and has one end thereof swaged inwardly as shown at 26 to form a generally ~rusto-conical outer facing around an orifice of diameter less than the diameter of the pipe. The inner periphery of the opposite end of the pipe 24 is beveled outwardly as shown at 29 to form a generally frusto-conical inner facing. The leading edge of the orifice in the swaged end 26 of pipe 24 is inserted in the beveled end or inner facing 22 of inlet tubing 18 but spaced apart therefrom to form an annular orifice 30 flaring outwardly in a downstream direction. The tubing 18 and the pipe 24 are secured in spaced but aligned relationship by spacer elements 32 which span the orifice 30 and are secured between the inlet tubing 18 and pipe 24 in any suitable manner (not shown). The pipe 24 is preferably concentrically disposed with-in the housing 12 and may be supported therein by numerous means; but as shown in FIGURE 1, the pipe 24 is supported by a plurality of struts 34 secured between the outer periphery of the pipe and the inner periphery of the housing 12.
A pair of pipes 36 and 38, substantially idential to pipe 24, is coaxially aligned behind pipe 24 in spaced swage-to-bevel sequence by means of spacer elements 32 to provide additional orifices 40 and 42 which are substantially identical to the orifice 30. Similarly to pipe ~4, the pipes 36 and 38 ~re p~eferably supported in the ~hamber 14 by struts 34 attached to the inner periphery of the housing wall 12.

':

1 1 3 6 0 7 ~

A baffle 44, having an lnwardly directed ~ub-stantially conical face 43, is coaxially aligned w~th pipe 38 and spaced apart from the beYeled end 29 thereof ~t by means of axially extending circumferentially spaced rib members 46 secured between pipe 38 and the baffle base 41. ~he cone apex ~ of baffle 44 i~ directed toward the end of pipe 38, and the base 41 of the cone is extended radially to form a circumferential cup-like ~ projection 45 as shown in FIGURE 2.
Exhaust tubing 48 i~ disposea in ~ubstantial coaxial alignment with t nlet tubing 18 and spaced down-stream from the baffle 44. ~he exhaust tubing 48 extends ~ :
from the interior of chamber 14 through a central iperture 49 provided in the right-hand head 16, ag viewed in PIGURE 1. .
A second housing 54 is 3ecured beneath housinq 12 and provides a liquid accumluation chamber 56. A pair of downcomers S0 and 52 are secured to the lower portion of housing 12 in open communication with chamber 14 and extend downwardly through the upper wall of housing 54 lnto open communication with the liquid accumulation cham~
ber 56. A liguid draw line 58 is connected to the bottom of housing 54 in open communication w~th chamber 56 for . ~.
withdrawal of liquid therefrom. A control valve 60 is interposed in the draw line 58 and is operated by a suit-able valve actuator 64 which is operably connected to a -float 62 which i~ dispo~ed in the chamber 56. The valve 60 i8 preferably preset to open when the liquid level _fi_ _ ~ 1136071 ma~nt~ned in ehe ac~umul~tor chamber exceed- a predet~r~lned normal level. Alehough a float mec~anism i~ de~crlbed as a preferred means~of mainta~ning a liguid level in the liquid accumulation chamber 56, oeher means of liquid level control could be used equally as well within the spirit of this inven-tion.
In operation, a vapor-l$quid mixture (not shown) i8 continuously fed into ~nlet tubing 18. The spiral vanes 20, located in tubing 18, impart a helical motion to the flow stream, and the heavier liquid components thereof are forced to the outer perLmeter of the swirling flow by cen-trifugal force. In traveling downstream, the separated liquid droplets exit from the main flow stream through the orifices 30, 40, and 42, and fall to the bottom of chamber 14 by gravity. The flow stream exiting from the beveled end of the pipe 38 and any remaining droplets contained therein is directed against conical baffle 44. Baffle 44 reverses the generally forward flow of the stream and any ~- droplets impinging on the baffle are coalesced and fall to the bottom of chamber 14. The flow stream, substantially free of liquid, exit3 the chamber 14 through the exhaust tubing 48. Liquid in the chamber drains therefrom by gra-vity flow via downcomers 50 and 52 into the liquid accumula-tion chamber 56. The separated liquid is withdrawn from chamber 56 through drain line 58. Control valve 60, operated by float 62 and valve actuator 64, maintains a liquid level in the liquid accumulation chamber 56 at a predetermined level at all time~, thus preventing escape of vapor there-through while withdrawing liquid at the rate of accumulation.
'~
'7 ~

o --Althouqh at least three orifice~ are renuired for the effective removal of entrained liquid from the vapor stream, Ohe invention disclosed operate~ with rela-tively low pressure drop and eliminates the need for S conventional demister pads while achieving hiqh separa-tion efficiencies.
Whereas the pre3ent invention has been described ln particular relation to the drawings attached hereto, it should be understood that other and further modifications, apart from tho~e shown or suggested herein, may be made within the spirit and scope of this invention.

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Claims (4)

THE EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION IN WHICH AN EXCLUSIVE
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A horizontal vapor-liquid separator, which comprises:
a housing providing a separation chamber; a substantially horizontally disposed cylindrical inlet tubing extending through the housing wall to said separation chamber and having the inner periphery of the downstream end of said tubing beveled at a given angle outwardly to form a generally frusto-conical inner facing; means located within said inlet tubing for imparting a helical motion to the vapor-liquid mixture introduced into said tubing; at least three cylindrical pipes, coaxially aligned with the inlet tubing, and of the same inside and outside diameter as said inlet tubing along the entire length of said at least three pipes, each of said at least three pipes having its outer periphery upstream end swaged inwardly to form a generally frusto-conical outer facing, and the inner periphery of its downstream end thereof beveled outwardly to form a generally frusto-conical inner facing, the upstream end of one of said at least three pipes being inserted in the beveled downstream end of the inlet tubing and spaced therefrom to form an annular orifice and the other end of said at least three pipes mounted in spaced sequence to define additional orifices; the upstream end of each of said at least three pipes being swaged to define an orifice of diameter less than the diameter of said pipes, and wherein a leading edge of each of said orifices is located within a said frusto-conical inner facing; a solid conical baffle means mounted with its apex toward the beveled end of the last of said at least three cylindrical pipes, and spaced therefrom for coalescing any liquid droplets remaining in the flow exiting from said pipe;

means for removing liquid collected in the separation chamber;
and exhaust tubing extending through the housing wall into said separation chamber in substantial axial alignment with the inlet tubing.
2. A horizontal vapor-liquid separator, as recited in claim 1, wherein the means for removing liquid collected in the separation chamber comprises: a second housing located under the first-mentioned housing providing a liquid accumulation chamber; downcomer means connected between the bottom of the first-mentioned housing and the second housing in open communi-cation with the separation chamber and the liquid accumulation chamber; a draw line connected to the lower portion of the second housing in open communication with the liquid accumu-lation chamber; a control valve operably connected to the draw line; and means for sensing the liquid level in the accumulation chamber and operating the control valve to maintain a pre-determined level therein.
3. A horizontal vapor-liquid separator as recited in claim 2, wherein the baffle means includes a cup-like projection with the sides of said cup-like projection oriented toward said inlet tubing.
4. A horizontal vapor-liquid separator as recited in claim 3, wherein the means located within the inlet tubing for im-parting a helical motion to the vapor liquid mixture comprises:
a spiral vane secured to the inner periphery of the inlet tubing.
CA000337585A 1979-10-15 1979-10-15 Horizontal vapor-liquid separator Expired CA1136071A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA000337585A CA1136071A (en) 1979-10-15 1979-10-15 Horizontal vapor-liquid separator

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA000337585A CA1136071A (en) 1979-10-15 1979-10-15 Horizontal vapor-liquid separator

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA1136071A true CA1136071A (en) 1982-11-23

Family

ID=4115349

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA000337585A Expired CA1136071A (en) 1979-10-15 1979-10-15 Horizontal vapor-liquid separator

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CA (1) CA1136071A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114105242A (en) * 2022-01-21 2022-03-01 东营市赫邦化工有限公司 Steam-water separator of dechlorination vacuum pump unit

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114105242A (en) * 2022-01-21 2022-03-01 东营市赫邦化工有限公司 Steam-water separator of dechlorination vacuum pump unit
CN114105242B (en) * 2022-01-21 2022-05-20 东营市赫邦化工有限公司 Steam-water separator of dechlorination vacuum pump unit

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