CA1128746A - Reverse spray electrostatic air/powder stripe applicator - Google Patents
Reverse spray electrostatic air/powder stripe applicatorInfo
- Publication number
- CA1128746A CA1128746A CA327,751A CA327751A CA1128746A CA 1128746 A CA1128746 A CA 1128746A CA 327751 A CA327751 A CA 327751A CA 1128746 A CA1128746 A CA 1128746A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- powder
- nozzle
- applicator
- bodies
- powder applicator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Landscapes
- Nozzles (AREA)
- Electrostatic Spraying Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
REVERSE SPRAY ELECTROSTATIC
AIR/POWDER STRIPE APPLICATOR
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A powder applicator for applying powder in a stream to side seams of container bodies. The powder is directed towards an associated nozzle entrained in a carrier gas. However, as the gas entrained powder ap-proaches the nozzle, it passes through a centrifuge section of the supply tube wherein the powder is separated from the gas and is directed against a radially outer portion of a return bend which extends through an arc on the order of 180°. As a result, the powder is directed to the orifice of the nozzle as a continuous dense stream with the gas being in a layered relation with respect to the powder.
AIR/POWDER STRIPE APPLICATOR
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A powder applicator for applying powder in a stream to side seams of container bodies. The powder is directed towards an associated nozzle entrained in a carrier gas. However, as the gas entrained powder ap-proaches the nozzle, it passes through a centrifuge section of the supply tube wherein the powder is separated from the gas and is directed against a radially outer portion of a return bend which extends through an arc on the order of 180°. As a result, the powder is directed to the orifice of the nozzle as a continuous dense stream with the gas being in a layered relation with respect to the powder.
Description
~12~17~6 REVERSE SPRAY ELECTROSTATIC
AIR/POWDER STRIPE APPLICATOR
This ~nvention relates in general to new and useful improvements in the interior side striping of con-tainer bodies, and more particularly to a novel powderapplicator.
There has been recently developed a powder appli-cator wherein there is incorporated in th0 powder spray pipe a centrifuge arrangement which causes the powder to flow into one cr~ss sectional segment of the pipe, separat-ing the powder from the carrier gas, and thereby distribut-ing the powder to a nozzle orifice in a preselected segment only of that orifice for application of the powder in a stream~ This development, while bene~icial, is thought to have two deficiencies. First, when using a 360 loop as is required with the prior centrifuge arrangement, the orifice must be directed in the same direction as the movement of the can bodies past the nozzle. Secondly, a friction drop or loss in the powder supply tube is reduced while the desired centrifu~e action is obtained.
In addition, inasmuch as the can bodies with the powder stripe applied thereto are heated and the heat source is a gas flame, fire can result when ihe powder is directed in the direction of can body movement.
In accordance ~i~h this invention, it is proposed to utilize the centrifuge principles while at the same time reversing the direction o~ pow~er ~low sv that it opposes the direction of ~o~ement of the can bodies. In making this change, it has been ~ound that the necessary centri-fuge action can be obtained with a reverse bend of generally - ~ . :; .. . .
, , . .:
: :: :: : :, : :
.. . .
180 spray loop. Further, i~ has been found that the fric~
tion loss within the loop is xeduced and that a better flow of the powder stream can be ef~ected.
Further, lt has been ound ~hat b~ direcklny the powder stream in general oppositlon to the dlrection o movement of the can bodies, the film or powder weight vari-ation along the side seam is less. There ls a slighk de crease in powder thickness at the "lead" edge of the can body, but the decrease in powder thickness is less than the "tail off" decrease using a conventional spray applicator.
Priox devices other than that discussed above have been provided for interiorly side striping can bodies and the like including the patent.to Manuel et al 3,526,027 granted September 1, 1970, and the patent to ~inkless 3,678,336 granted July 18, 1972.
With the above and other objects in view that will hereinaf~er appear, the nature of the invention ~ill be more clearly understood by reference to the following detailed description, the appended claims, and the several ~0 views illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
IN TH~ DRAWINGS:
_ Figure l is a schematic side elevational view of a body maker having incorporated therein a powder appli-cator in accordance with this invention.
Fi~ure 2 is an enlarged fragmentary longitudinal vertical sectional view taken through the powder applicator and shows the general details thereo.
Figure 3 is a transverse vertical sectional view taken generally along ~he line 3-3 of Figure 2.
. Referring now to Figure 1, it will be seen that there is illustrated a body maker 10 which may be of a conventional type, but in accoxdance ~ith the illustrated form of can body is one which fo~ms can bodies ~ith ~elded . side.seams~ The body maker has attached to the horn thereof in a conventional manner a po~der applicator r g~nerally identified by the numeral 11. The po~der applicator 11 : :
79L~
includes a suitab.le support, generally identified by the .numeral 12, which forms a continuation of the horn and Which may function as a.support for can bodie~, although the can bodies could e~ually as well be carried by e~ternal support~
The support.12 has extending into the lead end thereof a powder supply line 13 which is suitably connected, as shown in Figure 1, to a powder dlspenser 14 wherein powder is entrained in a suitable carrier gas which may be air. The carrier gas entrained po~der is directed through the spray tube 13.into the interior of the support thr~u~h the body maker 10 until it reaches a position adjacent the desired location of powder application, as is best shown in Figure 2. The supply tube 13 is provided with a centrifuge section 15 in the form of a reverse bend which extends through an arc on the order of 180.
It is to be understood that the radius of curva-ture of the reverse bend which ~orms the centrifuge section 15 is such that when related to the velocity of the carrier gas entrained powder, the powder will be thrown outwardly against the radial outer wall of the tube, and thus there will be effected a layering or stratifying action with the powder becoming a dense stream separate and apart from the carrier gas.
The supply tube 13 terminates in a nozzle general-ly identified by the numeral 16. Basically, the nozzle 16is in the form of a block having a bore 18 opening through one face thereof and receiVing the terminal end of the supply tube 13. The bore 18 opens lnto an orifice 20 which has a longitudinal axis selectively disposed at ~ slight angle to the path of movement of can body side seams or substantially parallel thereto. It is to bP understood that the powder stream is concentrated in the lower part of the orifice 20 which is preferably o~ an expanded configur-ation as shown in Figure 2.
The block 17 is mounted on an inverted U-shaped support 21 by means of a transverse pivot pin 2~. The . , .
.. . .
37~6 support 21 has adjustably mounted on the central portion thereof adjusting screws 23 through which the tilting of the orifice 20 is controlled, and the orifice 20 is main-tained.in a selected angular xelation with ~espect to the path of movement of can bodies.
~ s Will be readily apparent, as c~n bodies B, wh;.ch are moved in spaced sequence along the predetermlned path by a conveyor chain 24 having lugs 25, moVe past the noz21e 16, a dense stream.of powder is di.rect~d onto the side seam area of each can body B as is diagrammatically.
sho~n. Since the powder is applied in a dense stream, and is for the most part not conveyed by the carrier gas, it flows onto the can bodies in the same general manner as a liquid with a minimum of overspray and powder particle bounce.
It is to be understood that the powder particles are to be electrostatically charged so that they will re~
main in position on the interior surface of the can bodies as the can bodies pass ~urther down the can line and are .
subjected to heating to a temperature which will e~fect fusing of the powder particlesO To this end, downstream of the nozzle 16, the support 12 is provided with an elon-gated opening or channel 26 of a cross section best shown in Figuxe 3. The channel 26 carries a pair of elongated plates 27 which define side walls of a sealed chamber de-fined between a pair of brushes 28 carried by the support 12 and internally engaging the can bodies on opposite sides of the side seam area. .
The sealed area has projecting therethrough a longitudinal line of corona charging pins 30 which effec-tively charge the powder particles ~hich have passed into the sealed area. The corona charging pins 30 are connected to a common source of high voltage.d.c. current by a con-ductor 31 with there being a resistor 32 between each charg-ing pin 30 and the conductor 31 so as to provlde for uniformcurrent distribution among the line of charging pins.
~.... :
~z~
-5- .
It is to be understood that.the channel 26 will be of sufficient length so as to permit an adequa~e charging o the powder particles disposed within khe sealed area so that all of the particles will adhere to the interior ~ur-face.of the can body B, preferably alony the side seamarea. The side seam area will later be heated in a conven-tional manner to effect fusing of the powder particles to the can body, thereby preventing the existence o~ any pow-der particle ~hich is so adhered to the interior of the can body whereby.it may later become-disengaged and become either a contaminant for ~ood products or foreign matter which cou~d plug the spra~ dispensing mechanism should the can body be part of an aerosol container.
It is to be understood that the porous plates 27 lS define, together with the support 12, exteriorly of the sealed area chambers 33. The chambers 33 are disposed within a channel 34 formed in the upper part of the support - 12 and carrying the conductor 31 and the resistors 32. The channel 34 opens into the chambers 33 through passages 35, as is shown in Figure 3, A suitable gas (air) i5 directed into the channel 34 through a spray tube 36 which extends through the body maker horn in the same manner as the spray tube 13. The tube 36 also carries a lead conductor 37 for supplying the electrical energy to the conductor 31.
The gas (air) entering into the channel 34 passes .into the chambers 33 and through the plates 27 so that diffused air is directed into the sealed space~ The dif-fused gas serves to keep clean the sides.of the sealed chamber as well as the corona charging pins 30.
I~ desired, there may also be pxovided a hopper 37 for receiving excess powder. The hopper 37 will extend below the path of travel of the can body as shown in Figure 1, and be positioned for receiving particles which exit from the nozzle 16 between can bodies. A vacuum may be drawn in the hopper 37 so as to aid in drawing out any loose `~-~ powder particles which may exist.
., ; . , It is to be understood that the reverse bend in the supply tube 13 and the mounting of the nozzle 16 so as to direct a powder stream in opposition to the direc~ion of movement of the articles being coated may be ut.ilized in other environments.
Al~hough only a preferred embodiment of the inven-tion has been specifically illustrated and described herein, it is to be understood that minor.variations may be made in the powder applicator without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
AIR/POWDER STRIPE APPLICATOR
This ~nvention relates in general to new and useful improvements in the interior side striping of con-tainer bodies, and more particularly to a novel powderapplicator.
There has been recently developed a powder appli-cator wherein there is incorporated in th0 powder spray pipe a centrifuge arrangement which causes the powder to flow into one cr~ss sectional segment of the pipe, separat-ing the powder from the carrier gas, and thereby distribut-ing the powder to a nozzle orifice in a preselected segment only of that orifice for application of the powder in a stream~ This development, while bene~icial, is thought to have two deficiencies. First, when using a 360 loop as is required with the prior centrifuge arrangement, the orifice must be directed in the same direction as the movement of the can bodies past the nozzle. Secondly, a friction drop or loss in the powder supply tube is reduced while the desired centrifu~e action is obtained.
In addition, inasmuch as the can bodies with the powder stripe applied thereto are heated and the heat source is a gas flame, fire can result when ihe powder is directed in the direction of can body movement.
In accordance ~i~h this invention, it is proposed to utilize the centrifuge principles while at the same time reversing the direction o~ pow~er ~low sv that it opposes the direction of ~o~ement of the can bodies. In making this change, it has been ~ound that the necessary centri-fuge action can be obtained with a reverse bend of generally - ~ . :; .. . .
, , . .:
: :: :: : :, : :
.. . .
180 spray loop. Further, i~ has been found that the fric~
tion loss within the loop is xeduced and that a better flow of the powder stream can be ef~ected.
Further, lt has been ound ~hat b~ direcklny the powder stream in general oppositlon to the dlrection o movement of the can bodies, the film or powder weight vari-ation along the side seam is less. There ls a slighk de crease in powder thickness at the "lead" edge of the can body, but the decrease in powder thickness is less than the "tail off" decrease using a conventional spray applicator.
Priox devices other than that discussed above have been provided for interiorly side striping can bodies and the like including the patent.to Manuel et al 3,526,027 granted September 1, 1970, and the patent to ~inkless 3,678,336 granted July 18, 1972.
With the above and other objects in view that will hereinaf~er appear, the nature of the invention ~ill be more clearly understood by reference to the following detailed description, the appended claims, and the several ~0 views illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
IN TH~ DRAWINGS:
_ Figure l is a schematic side elevational view of a body maker having incorporated therein a powder appli-cator in accordance with this invention.
Fi~ure 2 is an enlarged fragmentary longitudinal vertical sectional view taken through the powder applicator and shows the general details thereo.
Figure 3 is a transverse vertical sectional view taken generally along ~he line 3-3 of Figure 2.
. Referring now to Figure 1, it will be seen that there is illustrated a body maker 10 which may be of a conventional type, but in accoxdance ~ith the illustrated form of can body is one which fo~ms can bodies ~ith ~elded . side.seams~ The body maker has attached to the horn thereof in a conventional manner a po~der applicator r g~nerally identified by the numeral 11. The po~der applicator 11 : :
79L~
includes a suitab.le support, generally identified by the .numeral 12, which forms a continuation of the horn and Which may function as a.support for can bodie~, although the can bodies could e~ually as well be carried by e~ternal support~
The support.12 has extending into the lead end thereof a powder supply line 13 which is suitably connected, as shown in Figure 1, to a powder dlspenser 14 wherein powder is entrained in a suitable carrier gas which may be air. The carrier gas entrained po~der is directed through the spray tube 13.into the interior of the support thr~u~h the body maker 10 until it reaches a position adjacent the desired location of powder application, as is best shown in Figure 2. The supply tube 13 is provided with a centrifuge section 15 in the form of a reverse bend which extends through an arc on the order of 180.
It is to be understood that the radius of curva-ture of the reverse bend which ~orms the centrifuge section 15 is such that when related to the velocity of the carrier gas entrained powder, the powder will be thrown outwardly against the radial outer wall of the tube, and thus there will be effected a layering or stratifying action with the powder becoming a dense stream separate and apart from the carrier gas.
The supply tube 13 terminates in a nozzle general-ly identified by the numeral 16. Basically, the nozzle 16is in the form of a block having a bore 18 opening through one face thereof and receiVing the terminal end of the supply tube 13. The bore 18 opens lnto an orifice 20 which has a longitudinal axis selectively disposed at ~ slight angle to the path of movement of can body side seams or substantially parallel thereto. It is to bP understood that the powder stream is concentrated in the lower part of the orifice 20 which is preferably o~ an expanded configur-ation as shown in Figure 2.
The block 17 is mounted on an inverted U-shaped support 21 by means of a transverse pivot pin 2~. The . , .
.. . .
37~6 support 21 has adjustably mounted on the central portion thereof adjusting screws 23 through which the tilting of the orifice 20 is controlled, and the orifice 20 is main-tained.in a selected angular xelation with ~espect to the path of movement of can bodies.
~ s Will be readily apparent, as c~n bodies B, wh;.ch are moved in spaced sequence along the predetermlned path by a conveyor chain 24 having lugs 25, moVe past the noz21e 16, a dense stream.of powder is di.rect~d onto the side seam area of each can body B as is diagrammatically.
sho~n. Since the powder is applied in a dense stream, and is for the most part not conveyed by the carrier gas, it flows onto the can bodies in the same general manner as a liquid with a minimum of overspray and powder particle bounce.
It is to be understood that the powder particles are to be electrostatically charged so that they will re~
main in position on the interior surface of the can bodies as the can bodies pass ~urther down the can line and are .
subjected to heating to a temperature which will e~fect fusing of the powder particlesO To this end, downstream of the nozzle 16, the support 12 is provided with an elon-gated opening or channel 26 of a cross section best shown in Figuxe 3. The channel 26 carries a pair of elongated plates 27 which define side walls of a sealed chamber de-fined between a pair of brushes 28 carried by the support 12 and internally engaging the can bodies on opposite sides of the side seam area. .
The sealed area has projecting therethrough a longitudinal line of corona charging pins 30 which effec-tively charge the powder particles ~hich have passed into the sealed area. The corona charging pins 30 are connected to a common source of high voltage.d.c. current by a con-ductor 31 with there being a resistor 32 between each charg-ing pin 30 and the conductor 31 so as to provlde for uniformcurrent distribution among the line of charging pins.
~.... :
~z~
-5- .
It is to be understood that.the channel 26 will be of sufficient length so as to permit an adequa~e charging o the powder particles disposed within khe sealed area so that all of the particles will adhere to the interior ~ur-face.of the can body B, preferably alony the side seamarea. The side seam area will later be heated in a conven-tional manner to effect fusing of the powder particles to the can body, thereby preventing the existence o~ any pow-der particle ~hich is so adhered to the interior of the can body whereby.it may later become-disengaged and become either a contaminant for ~ood products or foreign matter which cou~d plug the spra~ dispensing mechanism should the can body be part of an aerosol container.
It is to be understood that the porous plates 27 lS define, together with the support 12, exteriorly of the sealed area chambers 33. The chambers 33 are disposed within a channel 34 formed in the upper part of the support - 12 and carrying the conductor 31 and the resistors 32. The channel 34 opens into the chambers 33 through passages 35, as is shown in Figure 3, A suitable gas (air) i5 directed into the channel 34 through a spray tube 36 which extends through the body maker horn in the same manner as the spray tube 13. The tube 36 also carries a lead conductor 37 for supplying the electrical energy to the conductor 31.
The gas (air) entering into the channel 34 passes .into the chambers 33 and through the plates 27 so that diffused air is directed into the sealed space~ The dif-fused gas serves to keep clean the sides.of the sealed chamber as well as the corona charging pins 30.
I~ desired, there may also be pxovided a hopper 37 for receiving excess powder. The hopper 37 will extend below the path of travel of the can body as shown in Figure 1, and be positioned for receiving particles which exit from the nozzle 16 between can bodies. A vacuum may be drawn in the hopper 37 so as to aid in drawing out any loose `~-~ powder particles which may exist.
., ; . , It is to be understood that the reverse bend in the supply tube 13 and the mounting of the nozzle 16 so as to direct a powder stream in opposition to the direc~ion of movement of the articles being coated may be ut.ilized in other environments.
Al~hough only a preferred embodiment of the inven-tion has been specifically illustrated and described herein, it is to be understood that minor.variations may be made in the powder applicator without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A powder applicator comprising a discharge nozzle having an orifice for directing powder in a stream, a supply line for directing gas entrained powder towards said nozzle, said supply line having adjacent said nozzle means for de-entraining the powder and effecting the supply-ing of the gas and the powder in separate layers to said nozzle with the powder being concentrated in a preselected sector of said nozzle for effecting the discharging of the powder in a dense stream, said means being a reverse turn in said supply line.
2. The powder applicator of claim 1 wherein said reverse turn extends through an arc on the order of 180°
3. The powder applicator of claim 1 wherein said powder applicator is intended for internally striping tubu-lar bodies and includes support means for supporting tubular bodies for movement along a predetermined path, and said nozzle and said supply line including said reverse turn being disposed within said predetermined path.
4. The powder applicator of claim 3 wherein said support means is of a size for receiving tubular bodies having a diameter on the order of 2.5 to 3.0 inch.
5. The powder applicator of claim 1 wherein said powder applicator is intended for internally striping tubu-lar bodies and includes support means for supporting tubular bodies for movement along a predetermined path, said orifice opening generally in opposition to the direction of travel of said tubular bodies along said path of movement.
6. The powder applicator of claim 1 wherein said powder applicator is intended for internally striping tubu-lar bodies and includes support means for supporting tubular bodies for movement along a predetermined path, said support means carrying downstream of said nozzle sealing means for engaging the interior of a tubular body on opposite sides of the portion of the body to be coated and forming a confined area within which discharged powder may flow.
7. The powder applicator of claim 6 together with means for supplying diffused gas into said confined area for maintaining floating powder particles in suspension.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US93654578A | 1978-08-23 | 1978-08-23 | |
| US936,545 | 1978-08-23 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1128746A true CA1128746A (en) | 1982-08-03 |
Family
ID=25468788
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA327,751A Expired CA1128746A (en) | 1978-08-23 | 1979-05-16 | Reverse spray electrostatic air/powder stripe applicator |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5528796A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU4852679A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1128746A (en) |
| DK (1) | DK324179A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10427177B2 (en) | 2015-11-30 | 2019-10-01 | Corning Optical Communications LLC | Recirculating powder applicator |
| CN113198630A (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2021-08-03 | 宁波立成涂装技术有限公司 | Powder pipe and powder electrostatic spray gun in spray gun |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4580613A (en) * | 1982-08-05 | 1986-04-08 | Howmet Turbine Components Corporation | Method and mold for casting articles having a predetermined crystalline orientation |
-
1979
- 1979-05-16 CA CA327,751A patent/CA1128746A/en not_active Expired
- 1979-06-29 AU AU48526/79A patent/AU4852679A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1979-07-31 DK DK324179A patent/DK324179A/en unknown
- 1979-08-16 JP JP10448979A patent/JPS5528796A/en active Granted
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10427177B2 (en) | 2015-11-30 | 2019-10-01 | Corning Optical Communications LLC | Recirculating powder applicator |
| US11000867B2 (en) | 2015-11-30 | 2021-05-11 | Corning Optical Communications LLC | Method of applying powder to a substrate during a continuous process |
| CN113198630A (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2021-08-03 | 宁波立成涂装技术有限公司 | Powder pipe and powder electrostatic spray gun in spray gun |
| CN113198630B (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2022-08-05 | 宁波立成涂装技术有限公司 | Powder pipe and powder electrostatic spray gun in spray gun |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DK324179A (en) | 1980-02-24 |
| JPS5528796A (en) | 1980-02-29 |
| AU4852679A (en) | 1980-02-28 |
| JPS641188B2 (en) | 1989-01-10 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CA1165638A (en) | Electrostatic powder spray gun nozzle | |
| US3439649A (en) | Electrostatic coating apparatus | |
| US5997643A (en) | Apparatus for powder coating welding cans | |
| CA2099725A1 (en) | Methods and apparatus for applying powder to workpieces | |
| US4259923A (en) | Reverse spray electrostatic air/powder stripe applicator | |
| CA1118193A (en) | Powder coating apparatus for two-piece cans | |
| US3843054A (en) | Powder apparatus | |
| US6759095B2 (en) | Electrostatic powder coating method using a swirling flow pattern | |
| KR960007019A (en) | Electrostatic powder coating method and apparatus | |
| US4215648A (en) | Electrostatic air/powder stripe applicator | |
| CA1128746A (en) | Reverse spray electrostatic air/powder stripe applicator | |
| US3384050A (en) | Electrostatic coating system | |
| US5399198A (en) | Electrostatic powder coating | |
| US3590318A (en) | Powder coating apparatus producing a flat powder spray | |
| US4346667A (en) | Inside powder striping apparatus | |
| GB2028171A (en) | Powder applicator | |
| JPH0254146B2 (en) | ||
| US4816296A (en) | Tangential jet air pipe coating apparatus and method | |
| GB1198129A (en) | Method and apparatus for Electrostatically Coating the Surfaces of Articles with Pulverulent Materials | |
| US4204497A (en) | Electrostatic coating apparatus having conveyor belt, fluidizing and electrostatic means for recirculation of coating particles | |
| US3620190A (en) | Spraying apparatus | |
| US3675617A (en) | Pigmented outside side striper | |
| EP0680790A2 (en) | Powder nozzle | |
| SU887012A1 (en) | Apparatus for electrostatic depositing of powder-like materials on cylindrical article inner surface | |
| SU1745362A1 (en) | Sprayer for powder materials |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |