CA1123561A - Self-crimping yarn process - Google Patents
Self-crimping yarn processInfo
- Publication number
- CA1123561A CA1123561A CA324,833A CA324833A CA1123561A CA 1123561 A CA1123561 A CA 1123561A CA 324833 A CA324833 A CA 324833A CA 1123561 A CA1123561 A CA 1123561A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- filament
- stream
- elemental
- polymer
- combined stream
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002074 melt spinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
- D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
- D01D5/32—Side-by-side structure; Spinnerette packs therefor
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE In melt spinning, a first elemental stream with extensional flow is merged with a second elemental stream with shear flow, and the resulting combined stream is quenched into a filament. The filament is either immediately drawn or spun at a sufficiently high spinning speed, yielding an oriented textured filament. The process avoids oscillations of the molten elemental streams encountered in the prior art processes and leads to production of a filament of substan-tially uniform denier.
Description
3~
The invention relates to the art of producing textured filaments, and more particularly relates to the art of producing textured filaments during the melt-spinning process.
Privott U.S. Patent 3,3~7,327 discloses producing self~crimping filaments ~y converging two elemental polymer streams to merge near the face of the spinneret, the elemental streams at the point of merging having substantially different velocities. The combined stream is quenched into a filament which spontaneously develops crimp upon being drawn. It has now been discovered that inducing self-crimp by such a technique can, under certain spinning conditions, lead to oscillations of the molten elemental streams near the point of confluence of the elemental streams, resulting in pro-ducing filaments with highly variable denier.
According to the present invention, there is provided a process for melt-spinning a textured filament which avoids such o~cillations and which leads to production of a filament of substantially uniform ~enier.
According to a primary aspect of the invention, there is provided a process for me:Lt-spinning a textured filament from a melt-spinnable polymer comprising generating a molten first elemental stream portion with the polymer;
generating a molten second elemental stream portion wi~h the ` 25 polymer, the Eirst and the second elemental stream portions having substantially different components of extensional flow;
.
`~' "`
-3~
The invention relates to the art of producing textured filaments, and more particularly relates to the art of producing textured filaments during the melt-spinning process.
Privott U.S. Patent 3,3~7,327 discloses producing self~crimping filaments ~y converging two elemental polymer streams to merge near the face of the spinneret, the elemental streams at the point of merging having substantially different velocities. The combined stream is quenched into a filament which spontaneously develops crimp upon being drawn. It has now been discovered that inducing self-crimp by such a technique can, under certain spinning conditions, lead to oscillations of the molten elemental streams near the point of confluence of the elemental streams, resulting in pro-ducing filaments with highly variable denier.
According to the present invention, there is provided a process for melt-spinning a textured filament which avoids such o~cillations and which leads to production of a filament of substantially uniform ~enier.
According to a primary aspect of the invention, there is provided a process for me:Lt-spinning a textured filament from a melt-spinnable polymer comprising generating a molten first elemental stream portion with the polymer;
generating a molten second elemental stream portion wi~h the ` 25 polymer, the Eirst and the second elemental stream portions having substantially different components of extensional flow;
.
`~' "`
-3~
-2- C-14-54-0307 converging the first and the second elemental stream portions at substantially equal velocities to merge into a combined stream; and quenching the combined stream into a filament.
According to another aspect of the invention, there is provid~d a process of the above character further com-prising withdrawing the filament from the unitary stream at a spi~ning speed selected such that the filament has an elongation less than 90%.
According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided a process o the above character wherein the spinning speed is selected such that the filament has an elongation less t~an 45%.
According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided a process of the above character further com-prising drawing the filament within three seconds after theunitary s~ream solidifies into the filament.
According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided a process of the above character wherein the first and the second eIemental stream portions have substan-tially equal mass flow rates, Other aspects of the invention will in part appearhereinafter and will in part be obvious from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying draw-ing, wherein the single FIGURE is a vertical sectional view of the preferred embodiment of the combined spinneret orifice - according to the invention.
The drawing illustrates spinneret plate 20 having provided therethrough conical passage 22 for providing con~
- verging flow (extensional flow). A second passage extends through plate 2G for providing non-extensional flow, com-prising right circularly cylindrical counterbore 24 and right circularly cylindrical orifice 26.
Passage 22 and orifice 26 thus converge first and second elemental streams to merge into a combined stream just below the lower face o plate 20. ~he dimensions of passage 22 and orifice 26 are selected such that the two elemental streams have substantially equal velocities upon convergence, and preferably such that the two elemental streams have sub-stantially equal mass flow rates. The two elemental streams - ~ ' ' ':
, ~3~
will differ substantially in their rheological states because of their difEerent histories in flowing through their respec-tive passages prior to convergence into the combined stream.
This difference in rheological states causes the resul~ing yarn quenched from the combined stream to spontaneously crimp if the yarn is oriented before ~he rheological differ-enc~s decay. This may be done by a discrete or separate drawing step within about 3 seconds af~er solidification of the combined stream into a filament, or may be done without a separate drawing step if ~he spinning speed is selected such that the resul~ing filament has an elongation less than 90% ~preerably less than 45~/O)~ It is noted that the elemental polymer stream through passage 22 has predominately extensional flow, while that through orific~ 26 has predom~
inately shear flow with little or no extensional flow.
The preferred included angle of the conical surface defining passage 22 is 30, and the axes of counterbore 24 and orifice 26 are parallel to the nearest side of passage 22. Tha~ is, the axes of counterbore 24 and orifice 26 are preferably inclined 15 with respect to a line normal to the opposed flat upper and lower surfaces of plate 20.
Further presently preferred dimensions include a diameter of 0.013 inch (0.033 centimeter) for orifice 26 a~d for the lower or outlet end o passage 22. The distance between centers of the lower or outlet ends of passage 22 and orifice 26 is preferably 0.043 inch (0.109 centimeter).
The dimensions of counterbore 24 are selected such that the two elemental streams exi~ing from passage 22 and orifice 26 have substantially equal velocities and preferably substan-~ially equal mass flow rates. In the preferred embodiment,orifice 26 is 0.015 inch (Q.0356 centimeter) long, while counterbore 24 has a diameter of 0.044 inch (0.112 centimeter).
Example I
~ylon 66 polymer of normal molecular weight for apparel yarns is extruded at the rate of 2.83 grams per minute through the above described combined ori~ice comprising passage 22 and orifice 26. The resulting combined stream is conventionally qu~nched with transverse air at a spinning speed vf 773 ~ards (706 meters) per minute, and immediately
According to another aspect of the invention, there is provid~d a process of the above character further com-prising withdrawing the filament from the unitary stream at a spi~ning speed selected such that the filament has an elongation less than 90%.
According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided a process o the above character wherein the spinning speed is selected such that the filament has an elongation less t~an 45%.
According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided a process of the above character further com-prising drawing the filament within three seconds after theunitary s~ream solidifies into the filament.
According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided a process of the above character wherein the first and the second eIemental stream portions have substan-tially equal mass flow rates, Other aspects of the invention will in part appearhereinafter and will in part be obvious from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying draw-ing, wherein the single FIGURE is a vertical sectional view of the preferred embodiment of the combined spinneret orifice - according to the invention.
The drawing illustrates spinneret plate 20 having provided therethrough conical passage 22 for providing con~
- verging flow (extensional flow). A second passage extends through plate 2G for providing non-extensional flow, com-prising right circularly cylindrical counterbore 24 and right circularly cylindrical orifice 26.
Passage 22 and orifice 26 thus converge first and second elemental streams to merge into a combined stream just below the lower face o plate 20. ~he dimensions of passage 22 and orifice 26 are selected such that the two elemental streams have substantially equal velocities upon convergence, and preferably such that the two elemental streams have sub-stantially equal mass flow rates. The two elemental streams - ~ ' ' ':
, ~3~
will differ substantially in their rheological states because of their difEerent histories in flowing through their respec-tive passages prior to convergence into the combined stream.
This difference in rheological states causes the resul~ing yarn quenched from the combined stream to spontaneously crimp if the yarn is oriented before ~he rheological differ-enc~s decay. This may be done by a discrete or separate drawing step within about 3 seconds af~er solidification of the combined stream into a filament, or may be done without a separate drawing step if ~he spinning speed is selected such that the resul~ing filament has an elongation less than 90% ~preerably less than 45~/O)~ It is noted that the elemental polymer stream through passage 22 has predominately extensional flow, while that through orific~ 26 has predom~
inately shear flow with little or no extensional flow.
The preferred included angle of the conical surface defining passage 22 is 30, and the axes of counterbore 24 and orifice 26 are parallel to the nearest side of passage 22. Tha~ is, the axes of counterbore 24 and orifice 26 are preferably inclined 15 with respect to a line normal to the opposed flat upper and lower surfaces of plate 20.
Further presently preferred dimensions include a diameter of 0.013 inch (0.033 centimeter) for orifice 26 a~d for the lower or outlet end o passage 22. The distance between centers of the lower or outlet ends of passage 22 and orifice 26 is preferably 0.043 inch (0.109 centimeter).
The dimensions of counterbore 24 are selected such that the two elemental streams exi~ing from passage 22 and orifice 26 have substantially equal velocities and preferably substan-~ially equal mass flow rates. In the preferred embodiment,orifice 26 is 0.015 inch (Q.0356 centimeter) long, while counterbore 24 has a diameter of 0.044 inch (0.112 centimeter).
Example I
~ylon 66 polymer of normal molecular weight for apparel yarns is extruded at the rate of 2.83 grams per minute through the above described combined ori~ice comprising passage 22 and orifice 26. The resulting combined stream is conventionally qu~nched with transverse air at a spinning speed vf 773 ~ards (706 meters) per minute, and immediately
3~
drawn by a draw ratio of 2.0 to give a drawn filament with a denier of 18. Upon hot relaxation of the filament, substan-tial crimp is formed.
Exampl~e II
Example 1 is repeated, except that the spinning speed is increased to 5500 yards ~5000 meters) per minute.
Upon hot relaxation o the filament, substantial crimp is developed. The filament has an elongation of 37%.
~ .
Rxample II is repeated, except that the polymer is polyethylene terephthalate, the throughput is 6.96 grams per minute, and the spinning speed is 6000 yards (5400 meters) per minute. The filament has an elonga~ion o 42%, and develops substantial bulk upon hot relaxation.
drawn by a draw ratio of 2.0 to give a drawn filament with a denier of 18. Upon hot relaxation of the filament, substan-tial crimp is formed.
Exampl~e II
Example 1 is repeated, except that the spinning speed is increased to 5500 yards ~5000 meters) per minute.
Upon hot relaxation o the filament, substantial crimp is developed. The filament has an elongation of 37%.
~ .
Rxample II is repeated, except that the polymer is polyethylene terephthalate, the throughput is 6.96 grams per minute, and the spinning speed is 6000 yards (5400 meters) per minute. The filament has an elonga~ion o 42%, and develops substantial bulk upon hot relaxation.
Claims (5)
1. A process for melt-spinning a textured filament from a melt-spinnable polymer characterized by:
(a) generating a molten first elemental stream portion with said polymer;
(b) generating a molten second elemental stream portion with said polymer, said first and said second elemental stream portions having substantially different components of extensional flow;
(c) converging said first and said second elemental stream portions at substantially equal velocities to merge into a combined stream; and (d) quenching said combined stream into a filament.
(a) generating a molten first elemental stream portion with said polymer;
(b) generating a molten second elemental stream portion with said polymer, said first and said second elemental stream portions having substantially different components of extensional flow;
(c) converging said first and said second elemental stream portions at substantially equal velocities to merge into a combined stream; and (d) quenching said combined stream into a filament.
2. The process of claim 1 further characterized by withdrawing said filament from said combined stream at a spinning speed selected such that said filament has an elonga-tion less than 90%.
3. The process of claim 2, characterized in that said spinning speed is selected such that said filament has an elongation less than 45%.
4. The process of claim 1, further characterized by drawing said filament within three seconds after said combined stream solidifies into said filament.
5. The process of claim 1, characterized in that said first and said second elemental stream portions have substan-tially equal mass flow rates.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US89338578A | 1978-04-04 | 1978-04-04 | |
| US893,385 | 1978-04-04 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1123561A true CA1123561A (en) | 1982-05-18 |
Family
ID=25401478
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA324,833A Expired CA1123561A (en) | 1978-04-04 | 1979-04-03 | Self-crimping yarn process |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS54134113A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1123561A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2913373A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2421965A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2017575B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1112372B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3164556D1 (en) * | 1980-06-06 | 1984-08-09 | Celanese Corp | Process for production of self-crimping polyester yarn |
| EP0088744A3 (en) * | 1982-03-08 | 1986-02-12 | Monsanto Company | Easily splittable conjugate filament |
| EP0122250A3 (en) * | 1983-04-11 | 1986-02-05 | Monsanto Company | Easily splittable self-texturing conjugate yarn |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1238610B (en) * | 1964-02-21 | 1967-04-13 | Hoechst Ag | Process for the production of crimped threads from synthetic linear polymers |
| DE1660419A1 (en) * | 1964-11-26 | 1970-12-17 | Kurashiki Rayon Co | Process for the production of synthetic threads with a non-circular cross-section and a spinneret to carry out the process |
| US3387327A (en) * | 1966-06-09 | 1968-06-11 | Monsanto Co | Filament spinning apparatus |
-
1979
- 1979-04-03 FR FR7908396A patent/FR2421965A1/en active Granted
- 1979-04-03 GB GB7911590A patent/GB2017575B/en not_active Expired
- 1979-04-03 CA CA324,833A patent/CA1123561A/en not_active Expired
- 1979-04-03 DE DE19792913373 patent/DE2913373A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1979-04-03 JP JP4025979A patent/JPS54134113A/en active Pending
- 1979-04-03 IT IT21547/79A patent/IT1112372B/en active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2017575A (en) | 1979-10-10 |
| FR2421965A1 (en) | 1979-11-02 |
| IT7921547A0 (en) | 1979-04-03 |
| GB2017575B (en) | 1982-07-07 |
| FR2421965B1 (en) | 1983-06-10 |
| JPS54134113A (en) | 1979-10-18 |
| IT1112372B (en) | 1986-01-13 |
| DE2913373A1 (en) | 1979-10-18 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry | ||
| MKEX | Expiry |
Effective date: 19990518 |