CA1118764A - Heat exchange element and process for production thereof - Google Patents
Heat exchange element and process for production thereofInfo
- Publication number
- CA1118764A CA1118764A CA000324835A CA324835A CA1118764A CA 1118764 A CA1118764 A CA 1118764A CA 000324835 A CA000324835 A CA 000324835A CA 324835 A CA324835 A CA 324835A CA 1118764 A CA1118764 A CA 1118764A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- heat
- pipe
- wire
- support
- exchange element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
- F28D1/047—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
- F28D1/0477—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag the conduits being bent in a serpentine or zig-zag
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
- B21D39/03—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of sheet metal otherwise than by folding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
- B21D53/02—Making other particular articles heat exchangers or parts thereof, e.g. radiators, condensers fins, headers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
- F24S10/70—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits
- F24S10/75—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits with enlarged surfaces, e.g. with protrusions or corrugations
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
- F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
- F28F1/122—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and being formed of wires
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
- Supports For Pipes And Cables (AREA)
- Central Heating Systems (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is directed to a heat exchange element, especially a structural element, for a heat-pump heating system, a solar-heating installation or an evaporating unit. The element consists of a conduit-pipe system carrying one or more liquid or gaseous heat-exchange media, and of a support plate to which the pipes are secured heat-conductingly by means of a cold wire joint. It is characterized in that the edge areas of a wire-structure having at least one group of parallel wires are pressed into areas of the support-plate adjacent the pipe.
The present invention is directed to a heat exchange element, especially a structural element, for a heat-pump heating system, a solar-heating installation or an evaporating unit. The element consists of a conduit-pipe system carrying one or more liquid or gaseous heat-exchange media, and of a support plate to which the pipes are secured heat-conductingly by means of a cold wire joint. It is characterized in that the edge areas of a wire-structure having at least one group of parallel wires are pressed into areas of the support-plate adjacent the pipe.
Description
~L8764 This invention relates to a heat-exchange element, more particularly a structural element for a heat-pump heating system, a solar-heating installation or an evaporator unit, consisting of a conduit-pipe system carrying one or more, liquid or gaseous, heat-exchange media, and of a support-plate to which the pipes are secured heat-conductingly by means of a cold wire joint.
German A-24 61 2~9 discloses a heat-exchange element consisting of a tubular electrical heating element having a wire wound spirally around its exterior. The tubular heating element is secured to the support-plate by pressing the crests of the wire-spiral thereinto.
The said reference also discloses a pipeline system for cooling or heating media in which a support plate having grooved depressions is connected to ancther support-plate by wire-spirals which, in this case, act as connecting elements.
~ In the first of the above-mentioned solutions, these are not pipes through which a liquid or gaseous heat-exchange medium flows; instead they are tubular heating elements which are filled with an appropriately compacted insulating material, usually magnesium oxide.
The pressure required to secure the tubular heating element to the support-plate may be then transferrea there without aifficulty. In the case of the hollow pipes needed for said heat-exchange elements, the requirements are different.
Especially in the case of thin-walled pipes, such as are required for the purpose in question, special precautions must be taken to prevent random deformation of the pipes.
'~,, ``'",~ '', 'b~'' ~ L8~6~
In the second of the above-mentioned solutions, two plates must be used, one of them provided with approp-riate depressions. Two ducts capable of carrying a heat-exchange medium are formed. However, since no pipes are used, difficulties arise in connecting the said ducts to a corresponding pipe system.
Heat-exchange elements are used, for example, to recover heat from solar-heating installations, for storing heat, for example, in the ground, for heating purposes, floor-heating for example, and or cooling purposes, in evaporators for example. They generally consist of support-plates or the like to which pipes constituting a pipeline system are attached. This attachment may be by soldering or welding, but this is relatively costly and is also restricted to specific materials. In the case of aluminum, which because of its good heat-conductivity and resistance to corrision, possibly in the form of alloys, welding or soldering is usually difficult. In other designs, clips are welded to the support-plate to hold the pipes. These designs have the disadvantage that heat-transfer to the pipe through the clips is very poor.
~oreover, a considerable amount of labour is involved in fitting the clips.
It is the purpose of the invention to provide a heat-exchange element of the type in ~uestion, which will permit hollow pipes to be fitted to the support-plates, or other supporting structures, by cold-pressing, without random deformation of the pipes by the pressure applied.
This purpose is by a heat-exchange element, especially a structural element, for a heat-pump heating system, a ~,~
376~L
solar-heating installation, or an evaporator unit, con-sisting of a conduit-pipe system carrying one or more liquid or gaseous heat-exchange media, and of a support-plate to which the pipes are secured heat-conductingly by means o a cold wire joint, characterized in that the edge areas of a wire-structure hav]Lng at least one group of parallel wires are pressed into areas of the support-plate adjacent the pipe.
Preferred examples of embodiments of the invention are explained hereinafter in conjunction with the drawings attached hereto, wherein:
Fig. 1 is a diagrammatical representation of an example of embodiment in which a wire lattice is used to secure a pipe;
Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the desig~
according to Fig. l;
Fig. 3 shows diagrammatically a design in which two pipes are fitted snugly to a support-plate;
Fig. 4 shows two pipe-ends joined by means of a sleeve.
In the example of the embodiment illustrated in Fig. 1, a lattice 31 is used to secure a pipe 30 to a support-plate 13. A triangular cross-section is imparted to pipe 30 by die-pressing, thus increasing the heat-conducting surface between the pipe and the support-plate.
At the same time, the wires of lattice 31 are pressed into support-plate 13 in such a manner that they are anchored to the material itself, as shown in Fig. 2.
End 32 of the pipe is not triangulated, i.e. it retains -- 4 -- _ .. .
., . ~ , ~187~4 its circular cross-section in order to facilitate connection to another pipe or hose~
Fig. 3 shows that it is also possible to secure more than one pipe to support-plate 13, for instance pipes 26,27. In this case, pipe 26 may be used to carry a liquid heat-exchange medium, while pipe 27 is arranged in an evaporator-condenser circuit. In this way, one circuit or the other may be used to recover heat, depending upon the outside temperature and the heat-output required. It is also possible, with this design, for pipes 26,27 to carry gaseous or liquid heat-exchange media in counterflow, thus making it possible to improve heat-recovery.
Pipes 26,27 are secured by means of a wire spiral 28 which is larger in diameter than the two pipes placed together. Now if apress-~ie or press-ram, comprising~a cross-sectionally U-shaped recess, is used to press the assemb-ly to support-late 13,~the two cross-sectionally triangular pipes are fitted snugly together. At the same time, and without any special precautions being taken, base-loops 29 are pressed out of thè said wire-spiral 28 and anchor themselves into the material of support-plate 13.
Now, as shown in Fig. 4 a wire 8, wound under pre-load upon a pipe 3 and secured thereto by soldering, acts as a helical thread. The ends of a pipe can thus be connected to each other, or to feed or return-lines, by threaded sleeves 12, one end of which has a left-hand thread and the other half a right-hand thread. Rotating the said sleeve in one direction thus draws the ends of the pipe thereinto and produces a leakproof seal. This 37~
is a very simple and highly effective union, substantially more reliable than other methods of uniting pipes. It is also possible to connect hoses to the pipes, the great advantage of which is that, when the joint is tightened, S the hose-material is pressed into the spaces between the turns of wire. This improves the sealing action and makes it quite impossible for the hose to slip off.
. .~
German A-24 61 2~9 discloses a heat-exchange element consisting of a tubular electrical heating element having a wire wound spirally around its exterior. The tubular heating element is secured to the support-plate by pressing the crests of the wire-spiral thereinto.
The said reference also discloses a pipeline system for cooling or heating media in which a support plate having grooved depressions is connected to ancther support-plate by wire-spirals which, in this case, act as connecting elements.
~ In the first of the above-mentioned solutions, these are not pipes through which a liquid or gaseous heat-exchange medium flows; instead they are tubular heating elements which are filled with an appropriately compacted insulating material, usually magnesium oxide.
The pressure required to secure the tubular heating element to the support-plate may be then transferrea there without aifficulty. In the case of the hollow pipes needed for said heat-exchange elements, the requirements are different.
Especially in the case of thin-walled pipes, such as are required for the purpose in question, special precautions must be taken to prevent random deformation of the pipes.
'~,, ``'",~ '', 'b~'' ~ L8~6~
In the second of the above-mentioned solutions, two plates must be used, one of them provided with approp-riate depressions. Two ducts capable of carrying a heat-exchange medium are formed. However, since no pipes are used, difficulties arise in connecting the said ducts to a corresponding pipe system.
Heat-exchange elements are used, for example, to recover heat from solar-heating installations, for storing heat, for example, in the ground, for heating purposes, floor-heating for example, and or cooling purposes, in evaporators for example. They generally consist of support-plates or the like to which pipes constituting a pipeline system are attached. This attachment may be by soldering or welding, but this is relatively costly and is also restricted to specific materials. In the case of aluminum, which because of its good heat-conductivity and resistance to corrision, possibly in the form of alloys, welding or soldering is usually difficult. In other designs, clips are welded to the support-plate to hold the pipes. These designs have the disadvantage that heat-transfer to the pipe through the clips is very poor.
~oreover, a considerable amount of labour is involved in fitting the clips.
It is the purpose of the invention to provide a heat-exchange element of the type in ~uestion, which will permit hollow pipes to be fitted to the support-plates, or other supporting structures, by cold-pressing, without random deformation of the pipes by the pressure applied.
This purpose is by a heat-exchange element, especially a structural element, for a heat-pump heating system, a ~,~
376~L
solar-heating installation, or an evaporator unit, con-sisting of a conduit-pipe system carrying one or more liquid or gaseous heat-exchange media, and of a support-plate to which the pipes are secured heat-conductingly by means o a cold wire joint, characterized in that the edge areas of a wire-structure hav]Lng at least one group of parallel wires are pressed into areas of the support-plate adjacent the pipe.
Preferred examples of embodiments of the invention are explained hereinafter in conjunction with the drawings attached hereto, wherein:
Fig. 1 is a diagrammatical representation of an example of embodiment in which a wire lattice is used to secure a pipe;
Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the desig~
according to Fig. l;
Fig. 3 shows diagrammatically a design in which two pipes are fitted snugly to a support-plate;
Fig. 4 shows two pipe-ends joined by means of a sleeve.
In the example of the embodiment illustrated in Fig. 1, a lattice 31 is used to secure a pipe 30 to a support-plate 13. A triangular cross-section is imparted to pipe 30 by die-pressing, thus increasing the heat-conducting surface between the pipe and the support-plate.
At the same time, the wires of lattice 31 are pressed into support-plate 13 in such a manner that they are anchored to the material itself, as shown in Fig. 2.
End 32 of the pipe is not triangulated, i.e. it retains -- 4 -- _ .. .
., . ~ , ~187~4 its circular cross-section in order to facilitate connection to another pipe or hose~
Fig. 3 shows that it is also possible to secure more than one pipe to support-plate 13, for instance pipes 26,27. In this case, pipe 26 may be used to carry a liquid heat-exchange medium, while pipe 27 is arranged in an evaporator-condenser circuit. In this way, one circuit or the other may be used to recover heat, depending upon the outside temperature and the heat-output required. It is also possible, with this design, for pipes 26,27 to carry gaseous or liquid heat-exchange media in counterflow, thus making it possible to improve heat-recovery.
Pipes 26,27 are secured by means of a wire spiral 28 which is larger in diameter than the two pipes placed together. Now if apress-~ie or press-ram, comprising~a cross-sectionally U-shaped recess, is used to press the assemb-ly to support-late 13,~the two cross-sectionally triangular pipes are fitted snugly together. At the same time, and without any special precautions being taken, base-loops 29 are pressed out of thè said wire-spiral 28 and anchor themselves into the material of support-plate 13.
Now, as shown in Fig. 4 a wire 8, wound under pre-load upon a pipe 3 and secured thereto by soldering, acts as a helical thread. The ends of a pipe can thus be connected to each other, or to feed or return-lines, by threaded sleeves 12, one end of which has a left-hand thread and the other half a right-hand thread. Rotating the said sleeve in one direction thus draws the ends of the pipe thereinto and produces a leakproof seal. This 37~
is a very simple and highly effective union, substantially more reliable than other methods of uniting pipes. It is also possible to connect hoses to the pipes, the great advantage of which is that, when the joint is tightened, S the hose-material is pressed into the spaces between the turns of wire. This improves the sealing action and makes it quite impossible for the hose to slip off.
. .~
Claims (4)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A heat-exchange element, especially a structural element, for a heat-pump heating system, a solar-heating installation, or an evaporator unit, consisting of a conduit-pipe system comprising at least one pipe carrying one or more liquid or gaseous heat-exchange media, and of a support-plate to which the pipe is secured heat-conductingly by means of a cold wire joint, characterized in that the edge areas of a wire-structure having at least one group of parallel wires are pressed into areas of the support-plate adjacent the pipe.
2. A heat-exchange element according to claim 1, characterized in that the wire structure is a wire lattice.
3. A heat-exchange element according to claim 1 characterized in that a wire (8) is wound, spirally and under pre-load, onto the ends in particular of the pipe (3), the said wire thus forming an external thread serving to connect the said pipe to supply or return lines or to connect lengths of the pipe together.
4. A heat-exchange element according to claim 3, characterized in that a threaded sleeve (12), with left and right-hand threads, is used to join the pipes together.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2814455A DE2814455B2 (en) | 1978-04-04 | 1978-04-04 | Heat exchange element |
| DEP2814455.0 | 1978-04-04 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1118764A true CA1118764A (en) | 1982-02-23 |
Family
ID=6036111
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000324835A Expired CA1118764A (en) | 1978-04-04 | 1979-04-03 | Heat exchange element and process for production thereof |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0004580B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS54139158A (en) |
| AT (1) | AT369538B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU522669B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7902015A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1118764A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2814455B2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES479296A1 (en) |
| GR (1) | GR67708B (en) |
| IL (1) | IL56939A (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA791342B (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2840238A1 (en) * | 1978-09-15 | 1980-03-27 | Elpag Ag Chur | COMPONENT FOR SOLAR HEATERS |
| DE2945282C2 (en) * | 1979-11-09 | 1987-04-23 | Elpag Ag Chur, Chur | Pipe section for heat exchanger |
| DE3021461A1 (en) * | 1980-06-06 | 1981-12-24 | Elpag Ag Chur, Chur | HEAT EXCHANGE ELEMENT |
| US4356249A (en) * | 1981-10-30 | 1982-10-26 | Eastman Kodak Company | Timing layers and auxiliary neutralizing layer for color transfer assemblages containing positive-working redox dye-releasers |
| US4458673A (en) * | 1982-09-29 | 1984-07-10 | Benjamin Gary L | Solar air heater |
| JPS6470697A (en) * | 1987-09-10 | 1989-03-16 | Dai Ichi High Frequency Co Ltd | Heat transfer tube for condenser |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR741113A (en) * | 1933-02-04 | |||
| DE519945C (en) * | 1929-04-28 | 1931-03-05 | Cleveland Graphite Bronze Comp | Process for the mechanical connection of two sheets of different types lying on top of one another |
| CH223394A (en) * | 1941-07-29 | 1942-09-15 | Sulzer Ag | Freezer. |
| US2691813A (en) * | 1950-08-15 | 1954-10-19 | Rudy Mfg Company | Method of constructing refrigeration evaporators |
| GB826625A (en) * | 1956-12-04 | 1960-01-13 | Porter & Co Salford Ltd T | Improvements relating to heat exchange apparatus |
| FR1527478A (en) * | 1967-06-15 | 1968-05-31 | Mecano Bundy Gmbh | Tube for heat exchanger with helical fin, condenser or evaporator equipped with this tube, and device and method for manufacturing the tube |
| DE1652577A1 (en) * | 1968-03-16 | 1971-04-01 | Wolfgang Heinrich | Process for the production of a pipe for high internal pressure loads |
| DE2034582A1 (en) * | 1970-07-11 | 1972-01-13 | Bosch Hausgeraete Gmbh | Heat exchangers, in particular for small refrigeration machines |
| SE402229B (en) * | 1973-07-16 | 1978-06-26 | Elpag Ag Chur | PROCEDURE FOR POWER AND FORMED CALL CONNECTION OF DIFFERENT PARTS |
| DE2461249A1 (en) * | 1974-12-23 | 1976-06-24 | Elpag Ag Chur | Joining metal parts of domestic ware etc by connecting elements - latter pressed into one component which undergoes plastic deformation and anchors element |
| FR2364075A1 (en) * | 1976-09-13 | 1978-04-07 | Elpag Ag Chur | Joining metal elements using wire structure - which is fixed to one element and cold pressed to the remaining elements |
| DE2731027C2 (en) * | 1977-07-08 | 1979-07-12 | Elpag Ag Chur, Chur (Schweiz) | Process for the production of thin-walled metal pipes |
-
1978
- 1978-04-04 DE DE2814455A patent/DE2814455B2/en not_active Ceased
-
1979
- 1979-03-15 EP EP79100770A patent/EP0004580B1/en not_active Expired
- 1979-03-21 ZA ZA791342A patent/ZA791342B/en unknown
- 1979-03-23 IL IL56939A patent/IL56939A/en unknown
- 1979-03-27 AT AT0224879A patent/AT369538B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-03-27 GR GR58697A patent/GR67708B/el unknown
- 1979-03-29 AU AU45570/79A patent/AU522669B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1979-04-03 CA CA000324835A patent/CA1118764A/en not_active Expired
- 1979-04-03 BR BR7902015A patent/BR7902015A/en unknown
- 1979-04-04 JP JP4086279A patent/JPS54139158A/en active Granted
- 1979-04-04 ES ES479296A patent/ES479296A1/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IL56939A (en) | 1982-04-30 |
| DE2814455B2 (en) | 1980-02-28 |
| BR7902015A (en) | 1979-11-27 |
| JPS54139158A (en) | 1979-10-29 |
| JPS5756672B2 (en) | 1982-12-01 |
| EP0004580A3 (en) | 1979-10-31 |
| AT369538B (en) | 1983-01-10 |
| EP0004580B1 (en) | 1981-04-15 |
| ZA791342B (en) | 1980-03-26 |
| GR67708B (en) | 1981-09-14 |
| IL56939A0 (en) | 1979-05-31 |
| AU4557079A (en) | 1979-10-18 |
| ES479296A1 (en) | 1980-08-16 |
| AU522669B2 (en) | 1982-06-17 |
| DE2814455A1 (en) | 1979-10-18 |
| ATA224879A (en) | 1982-05-15 |
| EP0004580A2 (en) | 1979-10-17 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |