CA1102059A - Process and apparatus for the filleting of fish - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for the filleting of fish

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Publication number
CA1102059A
CA1102059A CA316,825A CA316825A CA1102059A CA 1102059 A CA1102059 A CA 1102059A CA 316825 A CA316825 A CA 316825A CA 1102059 A CA1102059 A CA 1102059A
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
fish
rib
filleting
knives
cuts
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
CA316,825A
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Henri Westerdahl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nordischer Maschinenbau Rud Baader GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Nordischer Maschinenbau Rud Baader GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nordischer Maschinenbau Rud Baader GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Nordischer Maschinenbau Rud Baader GmbH and Co KG
Priority to CA316,825A priority Critical patent/CA1102059A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA1102059A publication Critical patent/CA1102059A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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  • Processing Of Meat And Fish (AREA)

Abstract

TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:-Be it known that I, Henri Westerdahl, a Danish National, residing at Bakken 20, R?nne/Bornholm, Denmark, have invented certain new and useful im-provements in "Process and Apparatus for the Filleting of Fish" of which the following is a specification:-ABSTRACT OF DISCLOSURE:-A process for filleting unbeheaded fish, or beheaded fish with the collar bones still adhering to the body to be filleted conveyed tall forward comprises performing belly filleting cuts, back filleting cuts and rib cuts.
The fillets are cut free by severing cuts, performed after the rib cuts, extending closely behind the collar bones, and inclined towards the roof or the skull, while leaving the collar bones and/or the head on the bone skeleton. An apparatus for filleting the fish comprises a conveyor for the fish, a pair of belly filleting knives, a pair of back filleting knives and a pair of rib knives.
The axes of the rib knives are arranged almost parallel to each other and inclined in the feed direction of the conveyor. The rib knives are displaceable in the direction of their axes and connected with control means to raise them at least on the arrival of the abdominal cavity end of each fish.

I .

Description

llV~ZQSg BAC KGRO~N D OF THE; I NVE:NT I ON
1. Fleld of Invention The present invention relates to a process for the filleting of unbeheaded fish or of beheaded fish with the collar bones still adhering to the body to be filleted comprising the steps of performing belly filleting cuts, back filleting cuts and rib cuts on a fish conveyed with its tail end leading, and to an apparatus for performing such process.
2. Description of Prlor Art N0-PS 124 348 discloses a process for the beheading or the severing of the collar bones of fish conveyed in their longitudinal directlon tail forward, by means of a pair of circular blades which are movable up and down and oblique to each other with their cutting edges against the feed direction of the fish.
In this process a beheading machine is not requlred and personnel for loadlng a beheading machine with fish are therefore not needed. Also a cutting location, which arlses on the beheading of the fish at its head end and at which the danger of bacterial infection or mildew occurring exists with the intermedlate storage of the fish before filleting, is not required. However, a major disadvantage is that a special tool for the severing of the head or the collar bones and special measuring and control devices for the actuation of the tool are required for the performancee of the process. Since the transport of the fish past the tool for the severing of the head takes - 1 - ~

ll~Z~59 place by means of a push saddle, lt is not possible to decapltate smaller fish, the gill chambers of which are stlll disposed ln the range of the thrust saddle.
3. Object of Invention It is one object of the present inventlon to be able to cut free the fillets from small fish at a high yleld of flsh meat without necessitating an additional tool.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to one aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of filleting unbeheaded fish or of beheaded fish with the collar bones still adhering to the body to be filleted, comprising the steps of performing belly filleting cuts, back filleting cuts and rib cuts on a fish conveyed with its tail end leading, wherein after performlng the rib cuts the flllets are severed from the fish by cutting the fish adjacent the collar bones and in a direction inclined towards the roof of the skull leaving at least one of the collar bone and the head on the remaining bone skeleton.
Each rib cut may comprise an arcuate cut starting at the end of the abdomlnal cavlty and a stralght cut extending above one of the ribs and the vertebral projections, said straight cut being at least contacted the severing cut.
Thereby, parting of the fillet from the bone skeleton behind the collar bone is made possible.
Preferably each rib cut ls gulded above the flesh bones up to the collar bone and is continued beyond the ~1~2~S19 collar bone as the severing cut, thus separating the fillet from the belly flap. This obviates the need for special tools for carrying out severing cuts.
The rib cuts may enclose an angle of less than 180 towards the belly side of the fish while leaving the thin parts of the belly lobes on the bone skeleton. This makes the economical production of fillets free of flesh bones posslble, even from small fish.
According to another aspect of the present invention - 10 there is provided an apparatus for filleting unbeheaded fish, or beheaded fish with the collar bones still ahering to the body to be filleted, comprising conveyor means to convey the fish, a pair of belly filleting knlves, a pair of back filleting knives, and a pair of rotatable rib cutting knives, wherein the axes of rotation of the rib cutting knives are almost parallel to each other and inclined in the conveying direction, each rlb cutting knife is displaceable in a direction parallel to its axis of rotation, and control means are provided operable to displace the rib cutting knives in the dlrection of the dorsal side of the fish at least on the arrival of the abdominal cavity thereof. This apparatus enables the easy and quick performance of the afore described process.
Advantageously each rib cutting knife may be provided with a chamfer at the side thereof which in use faces the belly side of the fish. This safeguards a faultless function of the rib cutters.

Support means may be disposed upstream of the rlb cutting knives adjacent the cutting edges thereof. Thereby, the cutting effect of the rib cutting knives is restricted to the region of the abdominal cavity. Such support means may be arranged either fixed to the apparatus or to yield upon respective control.
The conveyor means may comprise a plurality of saddle members each arranged to convey a respective fish and to actuate the control means. The control means may be actuated synchronously with the saddle tip. Thereby, control of the rib knives is made possible in a simple manner.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
An embodiment of the present invention will now be described in greater detail by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:-Fig. 1 shows an axonometrlc lllustration of an apparatus embodying the present invention, Fig. 2 shows a cross-section through the apparatus shown in Fig. 1 at the level of the rib cutting knives for performing the lateral cuts, and Fig. 3 shows a fish with cutting lines of said lateral cuts illustrated thereon.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Referring now to the accompanying drawings, a fish llQ~(~S9 travels along a path 1, with its backbone co-incidlng with the line, in the direction of the arrow indicated in the line.
The path iis disposed in a frame (not shown) of a filleting machine for fish. Disposed above and below the path 1 are respective pairs of rotatably driven belly filleting knives 21 and 22, back filleting knives 31 and 32 and severing knives 41 and 42. Such tools as well as any guides which mav also be necessary are well known in fish filleting machines. The fish is conveyed along the path 1 by means of push saddles 51, which are provided by way of example for different kinds of conveyors 5, such as tail clamps or endless entraining belts engaging at the flanks of the fish, and of wwhich only one push saddle is illustrated. Downstream of and in the cutting plane of the pairs of bellv filleting knives 21 and 22 and back filletlng knlves 31 and 32 are palrs of mutually inclined lower and upper bone guides 6 a~d 7 whlch engage into the belly and back filleting cuts and which each in the region of their upper and lower edges have gaps 61 and 71 for the passage of the belly and back spines respectively of the bone skeleton. Also there is a vertical gap 72 between them for the passage of the lateral vertebral projections or ribs. Between the pair of back filleting knives 31 and 32 and the pair of severing knives 41 and 42 there is a rib cutter 8 comprising a pair of rib cutting knives 81 25 and 82 which are rotatable about axes 83 and 84 and whlch are displaceable axially. The axes include an angle 85 corresponding to the angle of inclination 73 of the upper bone guldes 7. Each rib knife and its associated axis is also so inclined that the downstream portion 87 of the blade is lower than the upstream portion 88 and is so arranged that that portion of each blade 86 wh:ich faces the bone guides, in the lowermost setting of the respective circular knife S lies just below the upper edges 62 of the lower bone guide 7 and almost touches the notionally downwardly projected outer surface 74 thereof. Upstream of each knife 81 and 82 is a cutting support 64 which is fast with the apparatus and which covers the upstream portion 88 of the peripheral edge of the knife 81 in the lowermost setting of the knives. Each of the knives 81 and 82 at its underside 89 has a bevel or chamfer 90 forming the peripheral edge 86 and is controlled in the height position of its cutting plane by control means (not shown) which are synchronised with the movement of the conveying means and actuated ir. dependence on the setting of the entraining members of the conveyor.
The apparatus operates as follows:
An unbeheaded, but degutted fish 9 is placed by its abdominal cavity on the saddle 51 of an endless circulating push saddle chain and conveyed by the saddle 51 to the pairs of belly filleting knives 21 and 22 and back filleting knives 31 and 32 which open the fish at its belly and back side respectively by filleting cuts guided to both sides of the spokes. The back filleting cuts can extend up to and through the skull of the fish, but they may also be interrupted by driving out the back filleting knives at the head end of the abdominal cavity. In its further advancing movement, 11~2~59 the fish guided by means of the upper and lower bone guides 7 and 6, respectively, into the back and belly filletlng cuts engages the knives 81 and 82 of the rib cutter 8, the effective circumferential edges 86 of which are, however, covered in their lower setting by the cutting supports 64 so that the fillet halves at the belly side are conducted away over the knives 81 and 82. By a suitable pulse on entry of the tip of the push saddle 51 into the region of the rib cutters 8, the rib knives 81 and 82 are displaced axially - 10 upwardly into a cutting plane, which selectably extends just above the vertebral projections or the flesh bones (pin bones~. By reason of their rearwardly inclined position and/or the chamfer 90 at their lower side 89, each circular knife 81 and 82 is deflected on engaging the rear edge 92 of the collar bone 91 (supraclavicula) and the os posttemporale forming one lateral skull bone and is displaced upwardly so that the cut extends over the os occipitale closing the skull off upwardly. The fillets thus gained are selectively free of bones or pinbones. The bone skeleton carrying the head can while maintaining the saddling-up be conducted to further tools which for example make the detaching of the belly lobes possible by cutting or scraping or permit the obtaining of the collar bones with the flesh adhering to them. To make the displacement of the rib cutting knives 81 and 82 more certain, these can be actuated by an active control shortly before the start of the deflecting motion in the sense of a weight compensation.

S~

A major advantage of the lnvention and thus of the embodiment descrlbed above by way of example is that beheading of even small fish or severing of their collar bones is not necessary before filleting sso that the cost incurred with a beheading machine and its operation can be saved.

Claims (9)

The embodiments of this invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows :
1. A method of filleting unbeheaded fish, or beheaded fish with the collar bones still adhering to the body to be filleted, comprising the steps of performing belly filleting cuts, back filleting cuts and rib cuts on a fish conveyed with its tail end leading, wherein after performing the rib cuts the fillets are severed from the fish by cutting the fish adjacent the collar bones and in a direction inclined towards the roof of the skull leaving at least one of the collar bone and the head on the remaining bone skeleton.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein each rib cut comprises an arcuate cut starting at the end of the ab-dominal cavity and a straight cut extending above one of the ribs and the vertebral projections, said straight cut being at least contacted by the severing cut.
3. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein each rib cut is guided above the flesh bones up to the collar bone and is continued beyond the collar bone as the severing cut, thus separating the fillet from the belly flap.
4. A process as claimed in claim 3, wherein the rib cuts enclose an angle of less than 180° towards the belly side of the fish while leaving the belly flaps on the bone skeleton.
5. An apparatus for filleting unbeheaded fish, or beheaded fish with the collar bones still adhering to the body to be filleted, comprising conveyor means to convey the fish, a pair of belly filleting knives, a pair of back filleting knives, and a pair of rotatable rib cutting knives, wherein a) the axes of rotation of the rib cutting knives are almost parallel to each other b) and inclined in the conveying direction, c) each rib cutting knife is displaceable in a direc-tion parallel to its axis of rotation, and d) control means are provided operable to displace the rib cutting knives in the direction of the dorsal side of the fish at least on the arrival of the abdominal cavity thereof.
6. An apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein each rib cutting knife is provided with a chamfer at the side thereof which in use faces the belly side of the fish.
7. An apparatus as claimed in claim 5 or 6, wherein support means are disposed upstream of the rib cutting knives adjacent the cutting edges thereof.
8. An apparatus as claimed in claim 5 or 6, wherein the conveyor means comprises a plurality of saddle members each arranged to convey a respective fish and to actuate the control means.
9. An apparatus as claimed in claim 5 or 6, wherein the conveyor means comprises a plurality of saddle members arranged to convey a respective fish and to actuate the control means syncronously with the leading ends of the saddle members.
CA316,825A 1978-11-24 1978-11-24 Process and apparatus for the filleting of fish Expired CA1102059A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA316,825A CA1102059A (en) 1978-11-24 1978-11-24 Process and apparatus for the filleting of fish

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA316,825A CA1102059A (en) 1978-11-24 1978-11-24 Process and apparatus for the filleting of fish

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA1102059A true CA1102059A (en) 1981-06-02

Family

ID=4113021

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA316,825A Expired CA1102059A (en) 1978-11-24 1978-11-24 Process and apparatus for the filleting of fish

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CA (1) CA1102059A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115460926A (en) * 2020-02-19 2022-12-09 菲拉格私人有限责任公司 Device and method for slicing and needle bone removal

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115460926A (en) * 2020-02-19 2022-12-09 菲拉格私人有限责任公司 Device and method for slicing and needle bone removal
CN115460926B (en) * 2020-02-19 2023-10-17 菲拉格私人有限责任公司 Apparatus and method for slicing and needle bone removal

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