CA1100816A

CA1100816A - Incinerator

Info

Publication number: CA1100816A
Application number: CA355,265A
Authority: CA
Inventors: Allan Inovius
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1978-04-26
Filing date: 1980-07-02
Publication date: 1981-05-12

Abstract

ABSTRACT
An incinerator apparatus consists of a container with an inlet for gaseous or particulate, combustible material together with combustion air, and has an outlet for combustion products, the walls of the container, and possible walls disposed in the interior of the container, being designed for the generation of vortices in the material flowing through the container from the inlet to the outlet.
At least the surfaces of the walls facing the inner space of the container include a substance which has the capability to catalyze the oxidation of carbon and carbon compounds in the combustion in the apparatus.

Description

11001~16 The present invention relates an inexpensive and very effective combustion reactor for catalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon compounds in hot combustion gases which come from, for example, a furnace or a combustion engine.
In accordance with one aspect of this invention there is provided combustion reactor for catalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon compounds in hot combustion gases, comprising a box with side walls and end walls and a partition dividing the space between said end walls in two cham-bers, said walls being fabricated at least in part of a material capable of catalysing oxidation of carbon monoxide and hydro-carbon compounds characterised in that said partition contains ; an annular channel to which is connected an inlet for the hot combustion gases and has a central opening which connects said two chambers with each other and which by means of at least one slot in said partition is in communcation with said annular channel along at least part of the length of said channel, said chambers being provided at a distance from said central opening of said partition, with outlets for said combustion gases.
The present invention and its aspects will be more readily understood from the following brief description of the accompanying drawings, which show one embodiment of the invention, and discussion relating thereto.
In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention, partly in projection and part-ly in section along the line IV-IV in Fig. 3;
Fig. 2 shows a section along the broken line V-V
in Fig. l; and - . ~ "
' .

'` 1101~816 Fig. 3 is a section along the broken line VI-VI in Fig. 1.
The apparatus illustrated in Figs. 1-3 has a box with two end walls 16 and 17 and a partition which divides the space between the end walls into two chambers 18 and 19 and which consists of two parts 20 and 21. The end walls 16 and 17 are substantially planar and elongate with rounded-off ends, as is apparent from Fig. 1. The end walls 16 and 17 each have a circumferential edge flange 22 and 23, respectively, which, together with the circumferential portions of the partition parts 20 and 21, form the side walls of the box.
One or more, and preferably all, of the walls of the box are in their entirety, or at least one their surfaces facing the interior of the box, manufactured, throughout all or part of the extent of the surfaces, from a material which contains a substance catalysing the oxidation of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon compounds. An example of such material of which the walls may be manufactured is an alloy at 20-30% by weight chromium, 4-6% by weight aluminium, 0-3~ by weight cobalt and the balance iron. Under operation of the reactor, such an alloy receive~s an aluminium oxide layer on its surface which has the aforementioned catalyst action. Another example of suitable material for the walls of the box is ceramics that is capable of withstanding substantial temperature changes. It is advantageous to use ceramics which contain a dominant content, e.g. at least -60% by weight of A12O3 fibres.
The partition formed of the parts 20 and 21 con-tains an annular channel 24 which extends slightly insidethe side walls of the box. An inlet 25 for hot combustion gases, for example from an internal combustion engine or a furnace, is connected to this channel 24. The partition formed of the parts 20 and 21 has a central opening 26 which communicates the two chambers 18 and 19 with each other and which, by means of slots (one or more slots) 27 in the partition, is in communication with the annular channel 24. The slot 27 may extend all~the way round the opening 26 and the channel 24, but is shown in the embodiment - , :

110(~816 according to Figs. 1-3 as extending throughout but half (the upper half in Fig. 1) of the outer circumference of the opening 26 and the inner circumference of the channel 24, as intimated by means of the end limit 28 of the slot in Figs. 1 and 2. The end walls 16 and 17 are provided, opposite the central opening 26 of the partition, each with a conical projection 29 directed towards the central opening. A distance from the central opening 26 of the partition, the chambers 18 and 19 are provided with outlets for the combustion gases in the form of four holes 30 in each end wall 16, 17.
The box formed by the parts 16, 17, 20 and 21 is surrounded, with play, by a casing in the form of a shell 31 and a lid 33 provided with thermal insulation 32. The box is kept spaced from the walls of the casing 31, 33 by means of a number of spacers 34. The outlets 30 of the chambers 18, 19 discharge into the casing 31, 33, which is provided with an outlet 35 for the combustion gases. The casing shell 31 is surrounded, with play, by a jacket 37 provided with thermal insulated 36, in which jacket the outlet 35 of the casing discharges, and which has an out-let 38 for the combustion gases. f When the apparatus according to Figs. 1-3 is utilized, hot combustion gases containing carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon compounds are supplied through the inlet 25 to the annular channel 24-where the gases will flow at high velocity in a circuitous path and will gradually flow further through the slot 27 to the central opening in the partition 20, 21. In the opening 26, the gases deviate in both directions to the chambers 18 and 19 there they impinge upon the conical projections distributing the gases in the chambers 18, 19. Finally, the gases depart from the chambers 18, 19 through the outlets 30 to the space between the box 16, 17, 20, 21 and the casing 31, 33, where the gases flow round the box to the outlet 35 of the casing in order thereafter to flow into the space between the shell 31 and the jacket 37 in order finally to depart through the outlet 38. During this flow within the box 16, 17, 20, 21 and therearound, the gases will come into intimate and lengthy contact with the box 110(~16 material heated by the gases to high temperature, the material in this instance acting catalytically for the oxidation of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon compounds in the gases, so that the combustion products departing through the outlet 38 are practically completely free of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon compounds.

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Claims

CLAIMS:

1. Combustion reactor for catalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon compounds in hot combustion gases, comprising a box with side walls and end walls and a partition dividing the space between said end walls in two chambers, said walls being fabricated at least in part of a material capable of catalysing oxidation of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon compounds characterised in that said partition contains an annular channel to which is connected an inlet for the hot combustion gases and has a central opening which connects said two chambers with each other and which by means of at least one slot in said partition is in communi-cation with said annular channel along at least part of the length of said channel, said chambers being provided at a distance from said central opening of said partition, with outlets for said combustion gases.

2. Reactor according to claim 1, characterised in that said end walls are each provided, opposite said central opening of said partition, with a conical projection directed towards said central opening.

3. Reactor according to claim 1, characterised in that said box is surrounded by a jacket spaced apart therefrom and in which said outlets of said chambers discharge and which is provided with an outlet for said combustion gases.

4. Reactor according to claim 3, characterised in that said jacket is surrounded by a thermally insulated casing spaced apart from said jacket and in which said outlet of said jacket discharges and which has an outlet for said combustion gases.