CA1089841A - Oil absorbent product - Google Patents
Oil absorbent productInfo
- Publication number
- CA1089841A CA1089841A CA279,089A CA279089A CA1089841A CA 1089841 A CA1089841 A CA 1089841A CA 279089 A CA279089 A CA 279089A CA 1089841 A CA1089841 A CA 1089841A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- product
- mixture
- groundwood
- secondary fiber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/68—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water
- C02F1/681—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water by addition of solid materials for removing an oily layer on water
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Removal Of Floating Material (AREA)
Abstract
Abstract of the Disclosure An oil absorbent product is made from mixture of aspen groundwood, secondary fiber furnish free of resoluble toxic contaminants and water repellent agents. The aspen groundwood is in crude unrefined fiber form and the secondary fiber furnish comprises a major portion of conventional groundwood and a minor portion of corrugated fiber.
Description
`` 101~ 41 The present invention relates to an oil absorbent product for absorbing oil while repelling water for use in cleaning oil from water surfaces~
Various products and techniques exist for absorbing oil from the surface of water. This problem is particularly acute to avoid contamination resulting from oil spills. Such techniques include using sheets of fiber spread upon the water and also chipped stock contained in nets. It would be desirable if such oil absorbent products met such specifications of at least 92% dryness, 9-12 cubic feet per pound density, about 4 3/4 grams of oil capacity per gram of absorbent material and also "duck's back" water repellency. An important consideration with such products is also the costs involved. Thus it is essential in providing a product which can have a wide appeal that the costs be in an acceptable price range preferably by using commonly available materials.
The present invention also provides an oil absorbent product which effectiveiy absorbs oil from water surfaces while repelling the water over a practical period of time.
The present invention also provides such a product which generally meets the above indicated specifications.
The present invention also provides a product which can be easily manufactured by using commonly available materials in existing equipment.
According to the present invention there is provided an oil absorbent product for absorbing oil while repelling water for use in cleaning oil from water surfaces, said product being made from a mixture of aspen groundwood and secondary fiber furnish with at least one water repellent agent as an additive to said mixture, said aspen groundwood being of crude unrefined coarse fiber form, and said secondary fiber furnish being relat-ively highly refined and free of resoluable toxic contaminants, said secondary fiber furnish being a binder to hold said product B -1- 3~
9~41 together, said product having relatively large voids between the fibers for creating sufficient porosity to attract and hold the low surface tension oil with the individual fibers being C hydrophobic, said aspen groundwood comprising ~ 80% by weight of said mixture, said secondary fiber furnish comprising 20~-26.7%
by weight of said mix~ure, said product being molded into sheet-like form from a slurry dried as a sheet, said secondary fiber furnish comprising at least 80% by weight groundwood and no greater than 20% by weight corrugate, said aspen groundwood com-prising 3 times as much by weight of said mixture as saidsecondary fiber furnish, and said water repellent agent being at least one member selected from the group of rosin in an amount up to 2% by weight, wax in an amount up to 4% by weight and alum in an amount up to 4~ by weight as calculated on the weight of said mixture.
In accordance with this invention the oil absorbent product is made from mixture of aspen groundwood, secondary fiber furnish free of resoluable toxic contaminants and water repellent agents. The aspen groundwood is in crude unrefined fiber form and the secondary fiber furnish comprises a major portion of conventional groundwood and a minor portion of corrugated fiber. The spaces between particles of pulp or fibers create sufficient porosity to attract and hold low surface tension liquids such as oil, while the individual fibers themselves are rendered hydrophobic by conventional sizing treatment with water repellent agents such as rosin, alum and wax. The aspen ground-wood comprises ahoutJ~-80% by weight of the mixture with the secondary fiber furnish comprising 20-26.7~ by weight. The product is made in sheet-like form with relatively large voids between the fibers.
The oil absorbent product of this invention is formed from a mixture of commonly available aspen groundwood fiber and conventional secondary fiber furnish (that is a conventional
Various products and techniques exist for absorbing oil from the surface of water. This problem is particularly acute to avoid contamination resulting from oil spills. Such techniques include using sheets of fiber spread upon the water and also chipped stock contained in nets. It would be desirable if such oil absorbent products met such specifications of at least 92% dryness, 9-12 cubic feet per pound density, about 4 3/4 grams of oil capacity per gram of absorbent material and also "duck's back" water repellency. An important consideration with such products is also the costs involved. Thus it is essential in providing a product which can have a wide appeal that the costs be in an acceptable price range preferably by using commonly available materials.
The present invention also provides an oil absorbent product which effectiveiy absorbs oil from water surfaces while repelling the water over a practical period of time.
The present invention also provides such a product which generally meets the above indicated specifications.
The present invention also provides a product which can be easily manufactured by using commonly available materials in existing equipment.
According to the present invention there is provided an oil absorbent product for absorbing oil while repelling water for use in cleaning oil from water surfaces, said product being made from a mixture of aspen groundwood and secondary fiber furnish with at least one water repellent agent as an additive to said mixture, said aspen groundwood being of crude unrefined coarse fiber form, and said secondary fiber furnish being relat-ively highly refined and free of resoluable toxic contaminants, said secondary fiber furnish being a binder to hold said product B -1- 3~
9~41 together, said product having relatively large voids between the fibers for creating sufficient porosity to attract and hold the low surface tension oil with the individual fibers being C hydrophobic, said aspen groundwood comprising ~ 80% by weight of said mixture, said secondary fiber furnish comprising 20~-26.7%
by weight of said mix~ure, said product being molded into sheet-like form from a slurry dried as a sheet, said secondary fiber furnish comprising at least 80% by weight groundwood and no greater than 20% by weight corrugate, said aspen groundwood com-prising 3 times as much by weight of said mixture as saidsecondary fiber furnish, and said water repellent agent being at least one member selected from the group of rosin in an amount up to 2% by weight, wax in an amount up to 4% by weight and alum in an amount up to 4~ by weight as calculated on the weight of said mixture.
In accordance with this invention the oil absorbent product is made from mixture of aspen groundwood, secondary fiber furnish free of resoluable toxic contaminants and water repellent agents. The aspen groundwood is in crude unrefined fiber form and the secondary fiber furnish comprises a major portion of conventional groundwood and a minor portion of corrugated fiber. The spaces between particles of pulp or fibers create sufficient porosity to attract and hold low surface tension liquids such as oil, while the individual fibers themselves are rendered hydrophobic by conventional sizing treatment with water repellent agents such as rosin, alum and wax. The aspen ground-wood comprises ahoutJ~-80% by weight of the mixture with the secondary fiber furnish comprising 20-26.7~ by weight. The product is made in sheet-like form with relatively large voids between the fibers.
The oil absorbent product of this invention is formed from a mixture of commonly available aspen groundwood fiber and conventional secondary fiber furnish (that is a conventional
- 2 -1089~41 groundwood - corrugated fiber mixture) which is conventionally used for manufacturing low disposable cost products. The groundwood used in the secondary fiber furnish may advantageously be conventional old newspapers or newsprint which provides a ready source of inexpensive material. The secondary fiber com-ponent is quite highly refined as compared to the coarser aspen component, and serves as a binder to hold the sheet-like product together by conventional papermaking hydrogen bonding between the fibers when formed from a slurry and then dried. Normal wax, alum and rosin may be incorporated in the mixture for water repellency. The aspen groundwood fiber is of an extremely coarse grade and is a crude unrefined coarse fiber of a light-weight wood species which is relatively inexpensive. ~t has been found that this coarse unrefined fiber responded to the normal high production papermaking wet formation process but produced a product which was abnormally low in density and contained relatively large voids between the fibers - 2a -..,., ~
1~'3~i L
which advantageously provides for the inclusion of absorbed oil. As previously indicated the spaces between particles of pulp or fibers create sufficient porosity to attract and hold low surface tension liquids such as oil, while ~he individual fibers themselves are rendered hydrophobic by conventional sizing treatment with water repellent agents such as rosin, alum and wax, The following is a detailed example relating to the preparation of an oil absorbent produced in accordance with this invention. Such preparation included the utilization of conventional papermaking pulp preparation equipment and a conventional wet formation pulp molding machine. A mixture of 25% by weight standard news furnish and 75~ by weight aspen groundwood was prepared.
The standard news furnish in turn comprised 15% by weight conventional corrugate and aS% by weight conventional newsprint. To this m~xture was added an additional 1%
rosin based on the weight of the aspen-news furnish mixture, 2~ alum, 2~ wax and 4 lbs./ton basic yellow #3 dyestuff. The thusly prepared furnish was used to make up 3,000 pound batches in water. The machine speed was maintained at the lowest possible setting, 4 kick-offs per 66 seconds, or 3.6 kick-offs per minute. The dryer speed, in order to accommodate the articles, required 26 1/2 minutes for top and bottom wires to complete a pass.
Tape speeds, between time of kick-off and meeting the dryer wire, were well coordinated and did not produce scuffs on the leading edge of the board as it was moved onto the wire.
Pond consistency at approximately 1.1~ produced an article of desired quality while employing a forming time of 4.2 seconds. Forming time occurred and ended ~ust prior to th~ moving of the forming die from the forming position into the vertical drain~ge position.
The forming pond temperature was approximately 80F at this time.
The wet article weighed approximately 1475 grams, or 3 1/4 lbs., at approximately 21% dry.
~ fter proceeding through the above drying cycle, the finished article weighed in the range of 340 grams, or 3/4 lb. On-weight articles were within the range of 92 + 4%. Further, those on-weight articles had densities in the range of 11 1/4 - 11 3/4 lbs. per cubic foot.
The addition of the dye resulted in colorlng the end product so that~it could be readily seen on the surface of the water for recovery purposes and as a warning against inadvertent venture into a contaminated area. Obviously other color dye could be used.
As stated above, the densities of finished articles were in the range of 11 1/4 - 11 3/4 lbs. per cubic foot.
Generally, article calipers were in the range of 1/4 +
1/16 inch. Water repellency was rated as "duck's back", or good beading and run-off when water was poured on a tilted article. Oil absorption, measured by immersing in Diesel oil for 15 minutes, was rated as 5 grams per gram of sorbent.
Although the above example lists specific percentages for each of the materials used, such materials can be used within the scope of this invention within the range of percentages of the ~ollowing TABL~.
TABLE
Range Preferred Material ~ ~ 7 Yo ~ ~ 20~ 25% Secondary Fiber Furnish . ~ ~lg,~7~ ~0~
ro~ 75% Aspen Groundwood 0-2~ 1% ~osin 0-4% 2% Alum - 10~
Range Preferred Material 0-4% 2% Wax 1~-6#/ton 4#/T Basi'c Yellow ,,3 Dyestuff In calculating percentages for the above Table, the amounts by weight of secondary fiber furnish and aspen groundwood comprise the basic mixture adding up to 100~.
The remaining materials are expressed in percentages based on that mixture. Thus, for example, 1% rosin would be an addition of 1~ by weight to that basic mixture. Further the secondary fiber furnish preferably comprises 15~ by weight corrugate and 85% groundwood but there may be at least 80% to 100% groundwood and correspondingly no more than 20~ corrugate.
The oil absorbent product of this invention thereby generally meets the specifications required for such product to be effective while permitting the product to be manufactured at low cost by using relatively inex-pensive and readily available materials.
S
1~'3~i L
which advantageously provides for the inclusion of absorbed oil. As previously indicated the spaces between particles of pulp or fibers create sufficient porosity to attract and hold low surface tension liquids such as oil, while ~he individual fibers themselves are rendered hydrophobic by conventional sizing treatment with water repellent agents such as rosin, alum and wax, The following is a detailed example relating to the preparation of an oil absorbent produced in accordance with this invention. Such preparation included the utilization of conventional papermaking pulp preparation equipment and a conventional wet formation pulp molding machine. A mixture of 25% by weight standard news furnish and 75~ by weight aspen groundwood was prepared.
The standard news furnish in turn comprised 15% by weight conventional corrugate and aS% by weight conventional newsprint. To this m~xture was added an additional 1%
rosin based on the weight of the aspen-news furnish mixture, 2~ alum, 2~ wax and 4 lbs./ton basic yellow #3 dyestuff. The thusly prepared furnish was used to make up 3,000 pound batches in water. The machine speed was maintained at the lowest possible setting, 4 kick-offs per 66 seconds, or 3.6 kick-offs per minute. The dryer speed, in order to accommodate the articles, required 26 1/2 minutes for top and bottom wires to complete a pass.
Tape speeds, between time of kick-off and meeting the dryer wire, were well coordinated and did not produce scuffs on the leading edge of the board as it was moved onto the wire.
Pond consistency at approximately 1.1~ produced an article of desired quality while employing a forming time of 4.2 seconds. Forming time occurred and ended ~ust prior to th~ moving of the forming die from the forming position into the vertical drain~ge position.
The forming pond temperature was approximately 80F at this time.
The wet article weighed approximately 1475 grams, or 3 1/4 lbs., at approximately 21% dry.
~ fter proceeding through the above drying cycle, the finished article weighed in the range of 340 grams, or 3/4 lb. On-weight articles were within the range of 92 + 4%. Further, those on-weight articles had densities in the range of 11 1/4 - 11 3/4 lbs. per cubic foot.
The addition of the dye resulted in colorlng the end product so that~it could be readily seen on the surface of the water for recovery purposes and as a warning against inadvertent venture into a contaminated area. Obviously other color dye could be used.
As stated above, the densities of finished articles were in the range of 11 1/4 - 11 3/4 lbs. per cubic foot.
Generally, article calipers were in the range of 1/4 +
1/16 inch. Water repellency was rated as "duck's back", or good beading and run-off when water was poured on a tilted article. Oil absorption, measured by immersing in Diesel oil for 15 minutes, was rated as 5 grams per gram of sorbent.
Although the above example lists specific percentages for each of the materials used, such materials can be used within the scope of this invention within the range of percentages of the ~ollowing TABL~.
TABLE
Range Preferred Material ~ ~ 7 Yo ~ ~ 20~ 25% Secondary Fiber Furnish . ~ ~lg,~7~ ~0~
ro~ 75% Aspen Groundwood 0-2~ 1% ~osin 0-4% 2% Alum - 10~
Range Preferred Material 0-4% 2% Wax 1~-6#/ton 4#/T Basi'c Yellow ,,3 Dyestuff In calculating percentages for the above Table, the amounts by weight of secondary fiber furnish and aspen groundwood comprise the basic mixture adding up to 100~.
The remaining materials are expressed in percentages based on that mixture. Thus, for example, 1% rosin would be an addition of 1~ by weight to that basic mixture. Further the secondary fiber furnish preferably comprises 15~ by weight corrugate and 85% groundwood but there may be at least 80% to 100% groundwood and correspondingly no more than 20~ corrugate.
The oil absorbent product of this invention thereby generally meets the specifications required for such product to be effective while permitting the product to be manufactured at low cost by using relatively inex-pensive and readily available materials.
S
Claims (4)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. An oil absorbent product for absorbing oil while repelling water for use in cleaning oil from water surfaces, said product being made from a mixture of aspen groundwood and secondary fiber furnish with at least one water repellent agent as an additive to said mixture, said aspen groundwood being of crude unrefined coarse fiber form, and said secondary fiber furnish being relatively highly refined and free of resoluable toxic contaminants, said secondary fiber furnish being a binder to hold said product together, said product having relatively large voids between the fibers for creating sufficient porosity to attract and hold the low surface tension oil with the individual fibers being hydrophobic, said aspen groundwood com-prising 73.3%-80% by weight of said mixture, said secondary fiber furnish comprising 20%-26.7% by weight of said mixture, said product being molded into sheet-like form from a slurry dried as a sheet, said secondary fiber furnish comprising at least 80% by weight groundwood and no greater than 20% by weight corrugate, said aspen groundwood comprising 3 times as much by weight of said mixture as said secondary fiber furnish, and said water repellent agent being at least one member selected from the group of rosin in an amount up to 2% by weight, wax in an amount up to 4% by weight and alum in an amount up to 4% by weight as calculated on the weight of said mixture.
2. The product of claim 1 wherein dye is added thereto whereby the product is readily visible, and said product being in sheet-like form.
3. The product of claim 2 wherein said product has a density in the range of 11 1/4 - 11 3/4 pounds per cubic foot, 92% + 4% dryness, 340 grams weight, calipers in the range 1/4 +
1/16 inch, and oil absorption of 5 grams per gram of said product.
1/16 inch, and oil absorption of 5 grams per gram of said product.
4. The product of claim 2, wherein said mixture comprises 75% by weight aspen groundwood and 25% by weight secondary fiber furnish, said secondary fiber furnish comprising 85% by weight groundwood and 15% by weight corrugated fiber, said wax being added as 2% by weight, said alum being added as 2% by weight, and 1% rosin being added.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US69620576A | 1976-06-15 | 1976-06-15 | |
| US696,205 | 1976-06-15 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1089841A true CA1089841A (en) | 1980-11-18 |
Family
ID=24796129
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA279,089A Expired CA1089841A (en) | 1976-06-15 | 1977-05-25 | Oil absorbent product |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS52153888A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7703739A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1089841A (en) |
| DK (1) | DK262177A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7706339A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1990011130A1 (en) * | 1989-03-17 | 1990-10-04 | L. Graf & Co. Pty. Ltd. | Oily domestic waste disposal |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4734393A (en) * | 1985-06-20 | 1988-03-29 | H. Edward Lowe | Non-clay oil and grease absorbent |
| JPS62125144A (en) * | 1985-11-25 | 1987-06-06 | 三井東圧化学株式会社 | Sized reinforcing material and its construction |
| WO1988005067A1 (en) * | 1987-01-02 | 1988-07-14 | Phillips Christopher R | Degradable absorbent material and manufacturing process therefor |
| JPH01271702A (en) * | 1988-04-25 | 1989-10-30 | Toa Paint Kk | Self-adhesive retroreflection sheet |
| JPH03255188A (en) * | 1990-03-06 | 1991-11-14 | Shimoe Gohan Kk | Oil or fat absorbent |
| JPH0634788U (en) * | 1992-09-03 | 1994-05-10 | 第一衛材株式会社 | Oil absorbent |
| SI23548A (en) * | 2010-11-17 | 2012-05-31 | Likon@Marko | The use of fibres obtained from seeds of populus trees for absorbent and filtering material and process and device for its producing |
| JP6420183B2 (en) * | 2015-03-05 | 2018-11-07 | 有限会社バイオフューチャー | Oil adsorbent |
-
1977
- 1977-05-25 CA CA279,089A patent/CA1089841A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-06-08 BR BR7703739A patent/BR7703739A/en unknown
- 1977-06-09 NL NL7706339A patent/NL7706339A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1977-06-14 DK DK262177A patent/DK262177A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1977-06-15 JP JP7096377A patent/JPS52153888A/en active Granted
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1990011130A1 (en) * | 1989-03-17 | 1990-10-04 | L. Graf & Co. Pty. Ltd. | Oily domestic waste disposal |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6215597B2 (en) | 1987-04-08 |
| NL7706339A (en) | 1977-12-19 |
| BR7703739A (en) | 1978-04-18 |
| JPS52153888A (en) | 1977-12-21 |
| DK262177A (en) | 1977-12-16 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |